xref: /linux/net/bridge/br_stp.c (revision a36e9f5cfe9eb3a1dce8769c7058251c42705357)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  *	Spanning tree protocol; generic parts
4  *	Linux ethernet bridge
5  *
6  *	Authors:
7  *	Lennert Buytenhek		<buytenh@gnu.org>
8  */
9 #include <linux/kernel.h>
10 #include <linux/rculist.h>
11 #include <net/switchdev.h>
12 
13 #include "br_private.h"
14 #include "br_private_stp.h"
15 
16 /* since time values in bpdu are in jiffies and then scaled (1/256)
17  * before sending, make sure that is at least one STP tick.
18  */
19 #define MESSAGE_AGE_INCR	((HZ / 256) + 1)
20 
21 static const char *const br_port_state_names[] = {
22 	[BR_STATE_DISABLED] = "disabled",
23 	[BR_STATE_LISTENING] = "listening",
24 	[BR_STATE_LEARNING] = "learning",
25 	[BR_STATE_FORWARDING] = "forwarding",
26 	[BR_STATE_BLOCKING] = "blocking",
27 };
28 
29 void br_set_state(struct net_bridge_port *p, unsigned int state)
30 {
31 	struct switchdev_attr attr = {
32 		.orig_dev = p->dev,
33 		.id = SWITCHDEV_ATTR_ID_PORT_STP_STATE,
34 		.flags = SWITCHDEV_F_DEFER,
35 		.u.stp_state = state,
36 	};
37 	int err;
38 
39 	/* Don't change the state of the ports if they are driven by a different
40 	 * protocol.
41 	 */
42 	if (p->flags & BR_MRP_AWARE)
43 		return;
44 
45 	p->state = state;
46 	if (br_opt_get(p->br, BROPT_MST_ENABLED)) {
47 		err = br_mst_set_state(p, 0, state, NULL);
48 		if (err)
49 			br_warn(p->br, "error setting MST state on port %u(%s)\n",
50 				p->port_no, netdev_name(p->dev));
51 	}
52 	err = switchdev_port_attr_set(p->dev, &attr, NULL);
53 	if (err && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
54 		br_warn(p->br, "error setting offload STP state on port %u(%s)\n",
55 				(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
56 	else
57 		br_info(p->br, "port %u(%s) entered %s state\n",
58 				(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name,
59 				br_port_state_names[p->state]);
60 
61 	if (p->br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP) {
62 		switch (p->state) {
63 		case BR_STATE_BLOCKING:
64 			p->stp_xstats.transition_blk++;
65 			break;
66 		case BR_STATE_FORWARDING:
67 			p->stp_xstats.transition_fwd++;
68 			break;
69 		}
70 	}
71 }
72 
73 u8 br_port_get_stp_state(const struct net_device *dev)
74 {
75 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
76 
77 	ASSERT_RTNL();
78 
79 	p = br_port_get_rtnl(dev);
80 	if (!p)
81 		return BR_STATE_DISABLED;
82 
83 	return p->state;
84 }
85 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(br_port_get_stp_state);
86 
87 /* called under bridge lock */
88 struct net_bridge_port *br_get_port(struct net_bridge *br, u16 port_no)
89 {
90 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
91 
92 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(p, &br->port_list, list,
93 				lockdep_is_held(&br->lock)) {
94 		if (p->port_no == port_no)
95 			return p;
96 	}
97 
98 	return NULL;
99 }
100 
101 /* called under bridge lock */
102 static int br_should_become_root_port(const struct net_bridge_port *p,
103 				      u16 root_port)
104 {
105 	struct net_bridge *br;
106 	struct net_bridge_port *rp;
107 	int t;
108 
109 	br = p->br;
110 	if (p->state == BR_STATE_DISABLED ||
111 	    br_is_designated_port(p))
112 		return 0;
113 
114 	if (memcmp(&br->bridge_id, &p->designated_root, 8) <= 0)
115 		return 0;
116 
117 	if (!root_port)
118 		return 1;
119 
120 	rp = br_get_port(br, root_port);
121 
122 	t = memcmp(&p->designated_root, &rp->designated_root, 8);
123 	if (t < 0)
124 		return 1;
125 	else if (t > 0)
126 		return 0;
127 
128 	if (p->designated_cost + p->path_cost <
129 	    rp->designated_cost + rp->path_cost)
130 		return 1;
131 	else if (p->designated_cost + p->path_cost >
132 		 rp->designated_cost + rp->path_cost)
133 		return 0;
134 
135 	t = memcmp(&p->designated_bridge, &rp->designated_bridge, 8);
136 	if (t < 0)
137 		return 1;
138 	else if (t > 0)
139 		return 0;
140 
141 	if (p->designated_port < rp->designated_port)
142 		return 1;
143 	else if (p->designated_port > rp->designated_port)
144 		return 0;
145 
146 	if (p->port_id < rp->port_id)
147 		return 1;
148 
149 	return 0;
150 }
151 
152 static void br_root_port_block(const struct net_bridge *br,
153 			       struct net_bridge_port *p)
154 {
155 
156 	br_notice(br, "port %u(%s) tried to become root port (blocked)",
157 		  (unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
158 
159 	br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LISTENING);
160 	br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
161 
162 	if (br->forward_delay > 0)
163 		mod_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer, jiffies + br->forward_delay);
164 }
165 
166 /* called under bridge lock */
167 static void br_root_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
168 {
169 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
170 	u16 root_port = 0;
171 
172 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
173 		if (!br_should_become_root_port(p, root_port))
174 			continue;
175 
176 		if (p->flags & BR_ROOT_BLOCK)
177 			br_root_port_block(br, p);
178 		else
179 			root_port = p->port_no;
180 	}
181 
182 	br->root_port = root_port;
183 
184 	if (!root_port) {
185 		br->designated_root = br->bridge_id;
186 		br->root_path_cost = 0;
187 	} else {
188 		p = br_get_port(br, root_port);
189 		br->designated_root = p->designated_root;
190 		br->root_path_cost = p->designated_cost + p->path_cost;
191 	}
192 }
193 
194 /* called under bridge lock */
195 void br_become_root_bridge(struct net_bridge *br)
196 {
197 	br->max_age = br->bridge_max_age;
198 	br->hello_time = br->bridge_hello_time;
199 	br->forward_delay = br->bridge_forward_delay;
200 	br_topology_change_detection(br);
201 	del_timer(&br->tcn_timer);
202 
203 	if (br->dev->flags & IFF_UP) {
204 		br_config_bpdu_generation(br);
205 		mod_timer(&br->hello_timer, jiffies + br->hello_time);
206 	}
207 }
208 
209 /* called under bridge lock */
210 void br_transmit_config(struct net_bridge_port *p)
211 {
212 	struct br_config_bpdu bpdu;
213 	struct net_bridge *br;
214 
215 	if (timer_pending(&p->hold_timer)) {
216 		p->config_pending = 1;
217 		return;
218 	}
219 
220 	br = p->br;
221 
222 	bpdu.topology_change = br->topology_change;
223 	bpdu.topology_change_ack = p->topology_change_ack;
224 	bpdu.root = br->designated_root;
225 	bpdu.root_path_cost = br->root_path_cost;
226 	bpdu.bridge_id = br->bridge_id;
227 	bpdu.port_id = p->port_id;
228 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
229 		bpdu.message_age = 0;
230 	else {
231 		struct net_bridge_port *root
232 			= br_get_port(br, br->root_port);
233 		bpdu.message_age = (jiffies - root->designated_age)
234 			+ MESSAGE_AGE_INCR;
235 	}
236 	bpdu.max_age = br->max_age;
237 	bpdu.hello_time = br->hello_time;
238 	bpdu.forward_delay = br->forward_delay;
239 
240 	if (bpdu.message_age < br->max_age) {
241 		br_send_config_bpdu(p, &bpdu);
242 		p->topology_change_ack = 0;
243 		p->config_pending = 0;
244 		if (p->br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP)
245 			mod_timer(&p->hold_timer,
246 				  round_jiffies(jiffies + BR_HOLD_TIME));
247 	}
248 }
249 
250 /* called under bridge lock */
251 static void br_record_config_information(struct net_bridge_port *p,
252 					 const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
253 {
254 	p->designated_root = bpdu->root;
255 	p->designated_cost = bpdu->root_path_cost;
256 	p->designated_bridge = bpdu->bridge_id;
257 	p->designated_port = bpdu->port_id;
258 	p->designated_age = jiffies - bpdu->message_age;
259 
260 	mod_timer(&p->message_age_timer, jiffies
261 		  + (bpdu->max_age - bpdu->message_age));
262 }
263 
264 /* called under bridge lock */
265 static void br_record_config_timeout_values(struct net_bridge *br,
266 					    const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
267 {
268 	br->max_age = bpdu->max_age;
269 	br->hello_time = bpdu->hello_time;
270 	br->forward_delay = bpdu->forward_delay;
271 	__br_set_topology_change(br, bpdu->topology_change);
272 }
273 
274 /* called under bridge lock */
275 void br_transmit_tcn(struct net_bridge *br)
276 {
277 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
278 
279 	p = br_get_port(br, br->root_port);
280 	if (p)
281 		br_send_tcn_bpdu(p);
282 	else
283 		br_notice(br, "root port %u not found for topology notice\n",
284 			  br->root_port);
285 }
286 
287 /* called under bridge lock */
288 static int br_should_become_designated_port(const struct net_bridge_port *p)
289 {
290 	struct net_bridge *br;
291 	int t;
292 
293 	br = p->br;
294 	if (br_is_designated_port(p))
295 		return 1;
296 
297 	if (memcmp(&p->designated_root, &br->designated_root, 8))
298 		return 1;
299 
300 	if (br->root_path_cost < p->designated_cost)
301 		return 1;
302 	else if (br->root_path_cost > p->designated_cost)
303 		return 0;
304 
305 	t = memcmp(&br->bridge_id, &p->designated_bridge, 8);
306 	if (t < 0)
307 		return 1;
308 	else if (t > 0)
309 		return 0;
310 
311 	if (p->port_id < p->designated_port)
312 		return 1;
313 
314 	return 0;
315 }
316 
317 /* called under bridge lock */
318 static void br_designated_port_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
319 {
320 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
321 
322 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
323 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
324 		    br_should_become_designated_port(p))
325 			br_become_designated_port(p);
326 
327 	}
328 }
329 
330 /* called under bridge lock */
331 static int br_supersedes_port_info(const struct net_bridge_port *p,
332 				   const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
333 {
334 	int t;
335 
336 	t = memcmp(&bpdu->root, &p->designated_root, 8);
337 	if (t < 0)
338 		return 1;
339 	else if (t > 0)
340 		return 0;
341 
342 	if (bpdu->root_path_cost < p->designated_cost)
343 		return 1;
344 	else if (bpdu->root_path_cost > p->designated_cost)
345 		return 0;
346 
347 	t = memcmp(&bpdu->bridge_id, &p->designated_bridge, 8);
348 	if (t < 0)
349 		return 1;
350 	else if (t > 0)
351 		return 0;
352 
353 	if (memcmp(&bpdu->bridge_id, &p->br->bridge_id, 8))
354 		return 1;
355 
356 	if (bpdu->port_id <= p->designated_port)
357 		return 1;
358 
359 	return 0;
360 }
361 
362 /* called under bridge lock */
363 static void br_topology_change_acknowledged(struct net_bridge *br)
364 {
365 	br->topology_change_detected = 0;
366 	del_timer(&br->tcn_timer);
367 }
368 
369 /* called under bridge lock */
370 void br_topology_change_detection(struct net_bridge *br)
371 {
372 	int isroot = br_is_root_bridge(br);
373 
374 	if (br->stp_enabled != BR_KERNEL_STP)
375 		return;
376 
377 	br_info(br, "topology change detected, %s\n",
378 		isroot ? "propagating" : "sending tcn bpdu");
379 
380 	if (isroot) {
381 		__br_set_topology_change(br, 1);
382 		mod_timer(&br->topology_change_timer, jiffies
383 			  + br->bridge_forward_delay + br->bridge_max_age);
384 	} else if (!br->topology_change_detected) {
385 		br_transmit_tcn(br);
386 		mod_timer(&br->tcn_timer, jiffies + br->bridge_hello_time);
387 	}
388 
389 	br->topology_change_detected = 1;
390 }
391 
392 /* called under bridge lock */
393 void br_config_bpdu_generation(struct net_bridge *br)
394 {
395 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
396 
397 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
398 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
399 		    br_is_designated_port(p))
400 			br_transmit_config(p);
401 	}
402 }
403 
404 /* called under bridge lock */
405 static void br_reply(struct net_bridge_port *p)
406 {
407 	br_transmit_config(p);
408 }
409 
410 /* called under bridge lock */
411 void br_configuration_update(struct net_bridge *br)
412 {
413 	br_root_selection(br);
414 	br_designated_port_selection(br);
415 }
416 
417 /* called under bridge lock */
418 void br_become_designated_port(struct net_bridge_port *p)
419 {
420 	struct net_bridge *br;
421 
422 	br = p->br;
423 	p->designated_root = br->designated_root;
424 	p->designated_cost = br->root_path_cost;
425 	p->designated_bridge = br->bridge_id;
426 	p->designated_port = p->port_id;
427 }
428 
429 
430 /* called under bridge lock */
431 static void br_make_blocking(struct net_bridge_port *p)
432 {
433 	if (p->state != BR_STATE_DISABLED &&
434 	    p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING) {
435 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_FORWARDING ||
436 		    p->state == BR_STATE_LEARNING)
437 			br_topology_change_detection(p->br);
438 
439 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_BLOCKING);
440 		br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
441 
442 		del_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer);
443 	}
444 }
445 
446 /* called under bridge lock */
447 static void br_make_forwarding(struct net_bridge_port *p)
448 {
449 	struct net_bridge *br = p->br;
450 
451 	if (p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING)
452 		return;
453 
454 	if (br->stp_enabled == BR_NO_STP || br->forward_delay == 0) {
455 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_FORWARDING);
456 		br_topology_change_detection(br);
457 		del_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer);
458 	} else if (br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP)
459 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LISTENING);
460 	else
461 		br_set_state(p, BR_STATE_LEARNING);
462 
463 	br_ifinfo_notify(RTM_NEWLINK, NULL, p);
464 
465 	if (br->forward_delay != 0)
466 		mod_timer(&p->forward_delay_timer, jiffies + br->forward_delay);
467 }
468 
469 /* called under bridge lock */
470 void br_port_state_selection(struct net_bridge *br)
471 {
472 	struct net_bridge_port *p;
473 	unsigned int liveports = 0;
474 
475 	list_for_each_entry(p, &br->port_list, list) {
476 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_DISABLED)
477 			continue;
478 
479 		/* Don't change port states if userspace is handling STP */
480 		if (br->stp_enabled != BR_USER_STP) {
481 			if (p->port_no == br->root_port) {
482 				p->config_pending = 0;
483 				p->topology_change_ack = 0;
484 				br_make_forwarding(p);
485 			} else if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
486 				del_timer(&p->message_age_timer);
487 				br_make_forwarding(p);
488 			} else {
489 				p->config_pending = 0;
490 				p->topology_change_ack = 0;
491 				br_make_blocking(p);
492 			}
493 		}
494 
495 		if (p->state != BR_STATE_BLOCKING)
496 			br_multicast_enable_port(p);
497 		/* Multicast is not disabled for the port when it goes in
498 		 * blocking state because the timers will expire and stop by
499 		 * themselves without sending more queries.
500 		 */
501 		if (p->state == BR_STATE_FORWARDING)
502 			++liveports;
503 	}
504 
505 	if (liveports == 0)
506 		netif_carrier_off(br->dev);
507 	else
508 		netif_carrier_on(br->dev);
509 }
510 
511 /* called under bridge lock */
512 static void br_topology_change_acknowledge(struct net_bridge_port *p)
513 {
514 	p->topology_change_ack = 1;
515 	br_transmit_config(p);
516 }
517 
518 /* called under bridge lock */
519 void br_received_config_bpdu(struct net_bridge_port *p,
520 			     const struct br_config_bpdu *bpdu)
521 {
522 	struct net_bridge *br;
523 	int was_root;
524 
525 	p->stp_xstats.rx_bpdu++;
526 
527 	br = p->br;
528 	was_root = br_is_root_bridge(br);
529 
530 	if (br_supersedes_port_info(p, bpdu)) {
531 		br_record_config_information(p, bpdu);
532 		br_configuration_update(br);
533 		br_port_state_selection(br);
534 
535 		if (!br_is_root_bridge(br) && was_root) {
536 			del_timer(&br->hello_timer);
537 			if (br->topology_change_detected) {
538 				del_timer(&br->topology_change_timer);
539 				br_transmit_tcn(br);
540 
541 				mod_timer(&br->tcn_timer,
542 					  jiffies + br->bridge_hello_time);
543 			}
544 		}
545 
546 		if (p->port_no == br->root_port) {
547 			br_record_config_timeout_values(br, bpdu);
548 			br_config_bpdu_generation(br);
549 			if (bpdu->topology_change_ack)
550 				br_topology_change_acknowledged(br);
551 		}
552 	} else if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
553 		br_reply(p);
554 	}
555 }
556 
557 /* called under bridge lock */
558 void br_received_tcn_bpdu(struct net_bridge_port *p)
559 {
560 	p->stp_xstats.rx_tcn++;
561 
562 	if (br_is_designated_port(p)) {
563 		br_info(p->br, "port %u(%s) received tcn bpdu\n",
564 			(unsigned int) p->port_no, p->dev->name);
565 
566 		br_topology_change_detection(p->br);
567 		br_topology_change_acknowledge(p);
568 	}
569 }
570 
571 /* Change bridge STP parameter */
572 int br_set_hello_time(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
573 {
574 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
575 
576 	if (t < BR_MIN_HELLO_TIME || t > BR_MAX_HELLO_TIME)
577 		return -ERANGE;
578 
579 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
580 	br->bridge_hello_time = t;
581 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
582 		br->hello_time = br->bridge_hello_time;
583 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
584 	return 0;
585 }
586 
587 int br_set_max_age(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
588 {
589 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
590 
591 	if (t < BR_MIN_MAX_AGE || t > BR_MAX_MAX_AGE)
592 		return -ERANGE;
593 
594 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
595 	br->bridge_max_age = t;
596 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
597 		br->max_age = br->bridge_max_age;
598 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
599 	return 0;
600 
601 }
602 
603 /* called under bridge lock */
604 int __set_ageing_time(struct net_device *dev, unsigned long t)
605 {
606 	struct switchdev_attr attr = {
607 		.orig_dev = dev,
608 		.id = SWITCHDEV_ATTR_ID_BRIDGE_AGEING_TIME,
609 		.flags = SWITCHDEV_F_SKIP_EOPNOTSUPP | SWITCHDEV_F_DEFER,
610 		.u.ageing_time = jiffies_to_clock_t(t),
611 	};
612 	int err;
613 
614 	err = switchdev_port_attr_set(dev, &attr, NULL);
615 	if (err && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
616 		return err;
617 
618 	return 0;
619 }
620 
621 /* Set time interval that dynamic forwarding entries live
622  * For pure software bridge, allow values outside the 802.1
623  * standard specification for special cases:
624  *  0 - entry never ages (all permanent)
625  *  1 - entry disappears (no persistence)
626  *
627  * Offloaded switch entries maybe more restrictive
628  */
629 int br_set_ageing_time(struct net_bridge *br, clock_t ageing_time)
630 {
631 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(ageing_time);
632 	int err;
633 
634 	err = __set_ageing_time(br->dev, t);
635 	if (err)
636 		return err;
637 
638 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
639 	br->bridge_ageing_time = t;
640 	br->ageing_time = t;
641 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
642 
643 	mod_delayed_work(system_long_wq, &br->gc_work, 0);
644 
645 	return 0;
646 }
647 
648 clock_t br_get_ageing_time(const struct net_device *br_dev)
649 {
650 	const struct net_bridge *br;
651 
652 	if (!netif_is_bridge_master(br_dev))
653 		return 0;
654 
655 	br = netdev_priv(br_dev);
656 
657 	return jiffies_to_clock_t(br->ageing_time);
658 }
659 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(br_get_ageing_time);
660 
661 /* called under bridge lock */
662 void __br_set_topology_change(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned char val)
663 {
664 	unsigned long t;
665 	int err;
666 
667 	if (br->stp_enabled == BR_KERNEL_STP && br->topology_change != val) {
668 		/* On topology change, set the bridge ageing time to twice the
669 		 * forward delay. Otherwise, restore its default ageing time.
670 		 */
671 
672 		if (val) {
673 			t = 2 * br->forward_delay;
674 			br_debug(br, "decreasing ageing time to %lu\n", t);
675 		} else {
676 			t = br->bridge_ageing_time;
677 			br_debug(br, "restoring ageing time to %lu\n", t);
678 		}
679 
680 		err = __set_ageing_time(br->dev, t);
681 		if (err)
682 			br_warn(br, "error offloading ageing time\n");
683 		else
684 			br->ageing_time = t;
685 	}
686 
687 	br->topology_change = val;
688 }
689 
690 void __br_set_forward_delay(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long t)
691 {
692 	br->bridge_forward_delay = t;
693 	if (br_is_root_bridge(br))
694 		br->forward_delay = br->bridge_forward_delay;
695 }
696 
697 int br_set_forward_delay(struct net_bridge *br, unsigned long val)
698 {
699 	unsigned long t = clock_t_to_jiffies(val);
700 	int err = -ERANGE;
701 
702 	spin_lock_bh(&br->lock);
703 	if (br->stp_enabled != BR_NO_STP &&
704 	    (t < BR_MIN_FORWARD_DELAY || t > BR_MAX_FORWARD_DELAY))
705 		goto unlock;
706 
707 	__br_set_forward_delay(br, t);
708 	err = 0;
709 
710 unlock:
711 	spin_unlock_bh(&br->lock);
712 	return err;
713 }
714