xref: /linux/mm/zsmalloc.c (revision 3a2c4d55e32ad65efebdb6de44eef3bfa08bb49d)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 
3 /*
4  * zsmalloc memory allocator
5  *
6  * Copyright (C) 2011  Nitin Gupta
7  * Copyright (C) 2012, 2013 Minchan Kim
8  *
9  * This code is released using a dual license strategy: BSD/GPL
10  * You can choose the license that better fits your requirements.
11  *
12  * Released under the terms of 3-clause BSD License
13  * Released under the terms of GNU General Public License Version 2.0
14  */
15 
16 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
17 
18 /*
19  * lock ordering:
20  *	page_lock
21  *	pool->lock
22  *	class->lock
23  *	zspage->lock
24  *
25  * When ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS > 0, zs_free() skips pool->lock; it picks
26  * the size_class from obj's encoded class_idx and serializes against
27  * page migration via class->lock.
28  */
29 
30 #include <linux/module.h>
31 #include <linux/kernel.h>
32 #include <linux/sched.h>
33 #include <linux/errno.h>
34 #include <linux/highmem.h>
35 #include <linux/string.h>
36 #include <linux/slab.h>
37 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
38 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
39 #include <linux/sprintf.h>
40 #include <linux/shrinker.h>
41 #include <linux/types.h>
42 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
43 #include <linux/zsmalloc.h>
44 #include <linux/fs.h>
45 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
46 #include "zpdesc.h"
47 
48 #define ZSPAGE_MAGIC	0x58
49 
50 /*
51  * This must be power of 2 and greater than or equal to sizeof(link_free).
52  * These two conditions ensure that any 'struct link_free' itself doesn't
53  * span more than 1 page which avoids complex case of mapping 2 pages simply
54  * to restore link_free pointer values.
55  */
56 #define ZS_ALIGN		8
57 
58 #define ZS_HANDLE_SIZE (sizeof(unsigned long))
59 
60 /*
61  * Object location (<PFN>, <obj_idx>) is encoded as
62  * a single (unsigned long) handle value.
63  *
64  * Note that object index <obj_idx> starts from 0.
65  *
66  * This is made more complicated by various memory models and PAE.
67  */
68 
69 #ifndef MAX_POSSIBLE_PHYSMEM_BITS
70 #ifdef MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS
71 #define MAX_POSSIBLE_PHYSMEM_BITS MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS
72 #else
73 /*
74  * If this definition of MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS is used, ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT will
75  * just be PAGE_SHIFT
76  */
77 #define MAX_POSSIBLE_PHYSMEM_BITS BITS_PER_LONG
78 #endif
79 #endif
80 
81 #define _PFN_BITS		(MAX_POSSIBLE_PHYSMEM_BITS - PAGE_SHIFT)
82 
83 /*
84  * Head in allocated object should have OBJ_ALLOCATED_TAG
85  * to identify the object was allocated or not.
86  * It's okay to add the status bit in the least bit because
87  * header keeps handle which is 4byte-aligned address so we
88  * have room for two bit at least.
89  */
90 #define OBJ_ALLOCATED_TAG 1
91 
92 #define OBJ_TAG_BITS	1
93 #define OBJ_TAG_MASK	OBJ_ALLOCATED_TAG
94 
95 /*
96  * obj is encoded as [PFN | class_idx | obj_idx] within an unsigned long:
97  *
98  *   |<-- _PFN_BITS -->|<-- ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS -->|<-- ZS_OBJ_IDX_BITS -->|
99  *   +-----------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
100  *   |       PFN       |        class_idx        |        obj_idx        |
101  *   +-----------------+-------------------------+-----------------------+
102  *  MSB                ^                                                LSB
103  *                     |
104  *                     +-- ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT
105  *
106  * Encoding class_idx into obj lets zs_free() locate the size_class
107  * without holding pool->lock; class_idx is invariant across page
108  * migration (only PFN changes), so a lockless read of the obj value
109  * always yields a valid class_idx.
110  */
111 #define ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT	(BITS_PER_LONG - _PFN_BITS)
112 
113 #define HUGE_BITS	1
114 #define FULLNESS_BITS	4
115 #define CLASS_BITS	8
116 #define MAGIC_VAL_BITS	8
117 
118 #define ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE	(_AC(CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_CHAIN_SIZE, UL))
119 
120 /*
121  * Bits to index a page within a zspage = ceil(log2(ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE)).
122  * Computed at preprocessor time, for use in #if below.  Kconfig
123  * restricts ZSMALLOC_CHAIN_SIZE to [4, 16].
124  */
125 #if ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE <= 4
126 #define ZS_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE_BITS	2
127 #elif ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE <= 8
128 #define ZS_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE_BITS	3
129 #elif ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE <= 16
130 #define ZS_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE_BITS	4
131 #else
132 #error "ZSMALLOC_CHAIN_SIZE out of expected range [4,16]"
133 #endif
134 
135 /*
136  * Bits to index an object within a single PAGE_SIZE at the smallest
137  * possible object size: log2(PAGE_SIZE / 32) = PAGE_SHIFT - 5.
138  * 32 is the hard floor of ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE.
139  */
140 #define ZS_OBJS_PER_PAGE_BITS	(PAGE_SHIFT - 5)
141 
142 /*
143  * Bits to index any object in the densest possible zspage.  Below this,
144  * ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE is auto-raised by the MAX(32, ...) formula -- still
145  * correct, but objects are coarser.
146  */
147 #define ZS_OBJS_PER_ZSPAGE_BITS \
148 	(ZS_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE_BITS + ZS_OBJS_PER_PAGE_BITS)
149 
150 /*
151  * Encode class_idx only when obj has spare bits; otherwise
152  * ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS folds to 0 (32-bit, or 64-bit UML/fallback).
153  */
154 #if BITS_PER_LONG >= 64 && \
155 	ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT >= (CLASS_BITS + 1) + ZS_OBJS_PER_ZSPAGE_BITS
156 #define ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS	(CLASS_BITS + 1)
157 #else
158 #define ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS	0
159 #endif
160 #define ZS_OBJ_CLASS_MASK	((_AC(1, UL) << ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS) - 1)
161 
162 #define ZS_OBJ_IDX_BITS		(ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT - ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS)
163 #define ZS_OBJ_IDX_MASK		((_AC(1, UL) << ZS_OBJ_IDX_BITS) - 1)
164 
165 /*
166  * Belt-and-suspenders: the #if above already guarantees this when
167  * class_idx is enabled.  Catches future tweaks that bypass it.
168  */
169 static_assert(ZS_OBJ_IDX_BITS >= ZS_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE_BITS,
170 	      "zsmalloc: ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE would exceed ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE");
171 
172 /* ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE must be multiple of ZS_ALIGN */
173 #define ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE \
174 	MAX(32, (ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE << PAGE_SHIFT >> ZS_OBJ_IDX_BITS))
175 /* each chunk includes extra space to keep handle */
176 #define ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE	PAGE_SIZE
177 
178 /*
179  * On systems with 4K page size, this gives 255 size classes! There is a
180  * trade-off here:
181  *  - Large number of size classes is potentially wasteful as free page are
182  *    spread across these classes
183  *  - Small number of size classes causes large internal fragmentation
184  *  - Probably its better to use specific size classes (empirically
185  *    determined). NOTE: all those class sizes must be set as multiple of
186  *    ZS_ALIGN to make sure link_free itself never has to span 2 pages.
187  *
188  *  ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE and ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA must be multiple of ZS_ALIGN
189  *  (reason above)
190  */
191 #define ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA	(PAGE_SIZE >> CLASS_BITS)
192 #define ZS_SIZE_CLASSES	(DIV_ROUND_UP(ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE - ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE, \
193 				      ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA) + 1)
194 
195 /*
196  * Pages are distinguished by the ratio of used memory (that is the ratio
197  * of ->inuse objects to all objects that page can store). For example,
198  * INUSE_RATIO_10 means that the ratio of used objects is > 0% and <= 10%.
199  *
200  * The number of fullness groups is not random. It allows us to keep
201  * difference between the least busy page in the group (minimum permitted
202  * number of ->inuse objects) and the most busy page (maximum permitted
203  * number of ->inuse objects) at a reasonable value.
204  */
205 enum fullness_group {
206 	ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0,
207 	ZS_INUSE_RATIO_10,
208 	/* NOTE: 8 more fullness groups here */
209 	ZS_INUSE_RATIO_99       = 10,
210 	ZS_INUSE_RATIO_100,
211 	NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS,
212 };
213 
214 enum class_stat_type {
215 	/* NOTE: stats for 12 fullness groups here: from inuse 0 to 100 */
216 	ZS_OBJS_ALLOCATED       = NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS,
217 	ZS_OBJS_INUSE,
218 	NR_CLASS_STAT_TYPES,
219 };
220 
221 struct zs_size_stat {
222 	unsigned long objs[NR_CLASS_STAT_TYPES];
223 };
224 
225 #ifdef CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_STAT
226 static struct dentry *zs_stat_root;
227 #endif
228 
229 static size_t huge_class_size;
230 
231 struct size_class {
232 	spinlock_t lock;
233 	struct list_head fullness_list[NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS];
234 	/*
235 	 * Size of objects stored in this class. Must be multiple
236 	 * of ZS_ALIGN.
237 	 */
238 	int size;
239 	int objs_per_zspage;
240 	/* Number of PAGE_SIZE sized pages to combine to form a 'zspage' */
241 	int pages_per_zspage;
242 
243 	unsigned int index;
244 	struct zs_size_stat stats;
245 };
246 
247 /*
248  * Placed within free objects to form a singly linked list.
249  * For every zspage, zspage->freeobj gives head of this list.
250  *
251  * This must be power of 2 and less than or equal to ZS_ALIGN
252  */
253 struct link_free {
254 	union {
255 		/*
256 		 * Free object index;
257 		 * It's valid for non-allocated object
258 		 */
259 		unsigned long next;
260 		/*
261 		 * Handle of allocated object.
262 		 */
263 		unsigned long handle;
264 	};
265 };
266 
267 static struct kmem_cache *handle_cachep;
268 static struct kmem_cache *zspage_cachep;
269 
270 struct zs_pool {
271 	const char *name;
272 
273 	struct size_class *size_class[ZS_SIZE_CLASSES];
274 
275 	atomic_long_t pages_allocated;
276 
277 	struct zs_pool_stats stats;
278 
279 	/* Compact classes */
280 	struct shrinker *shrinker;
281 
282 #ifdef CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_STAT
283 	struct dentry *stat_dentry;
284 #endif
285 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
286 	struct work_struct free_work;
287 #endif
288 	/* protect zspage migration/compaction */
289 	rwlock_t lock;
290 	atomic_t compaction_in_progress;
291 };
292 
293 static inline void zpdesc_set_first(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
294 {
295 	SetPagePrivate(zpdesc_page(zpdesc));
296 }
297 
298 static inline void zpdesc_inc_zone_page_state(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
299 {
300 	inc_zone_page_state(zpdesc_page(zpdesc), NR_ZSPAGES);
301 }
302 
303 static inline void zpdesc_dec_zone_page_state(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
304 {
305 	dec_zone_page_state(zpdesc_page(zpdesc), NR_ZSPAGES);
306 }
307 
308 static inline struct zpdesc *alloc_zpdesc(gfp_t gfp, const int nid)
309 {
310 	struct page *page = alloc_pages_node(nid, gfp, 0);
311 
312 	return page_zpdesc(page);
313 }
314 
315 static inline void free_zpdesc(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
316 {
317 	struct page *page = zpdesc_page(zpdesc);
318 
319 	/* PageZsmalloc is sticky until the page is freed to the buddy. */
320 	__free_page(page);
321 }
322 
323 #define ZS_PAGE_UNLOCKED	0
324 #define ZS_PAGE_WRLOCKED	-1
325 
326 struct zspage_lock {
327 	spinlock_t lock;
328 	int cnt;
329 	struct lockdep_map dep_map;
330 };
331 
332 struct zspage {
333 	struct {
334 		unsigned int huge:HUGE_BITS;
335 		unsigned int fullness:FULLNESS_BITS;
336 		unsigned int class:CLASS_BITS + 1;
337 		unsigned int magic:MAGIC_VAL_BITS;
338 	};
339 	unsigned int inuse;
340 	unsigned int freeobj;
341 	struct zpdesc *first_zpdesc;
342 	struct list_head list; /* fullness list */
343 	struct zs_pool *pool;
344 	struct zspage_lock zsl;
345 };
346 
347 static void zspage_lock_init(struct zspage *zspage)
348 {
349 	static struct lock_class_key __key;
350 	struct zspage_lock *zsl = &zspage->zsl;
351 
352 	lockdep_init_map(&zsl->dep_map, "zspage->lock", &__key, 0);
353 	spin_lock_init(&zsl->lock);
354 	zsl->cnt = ZS_PAGE_UNLOCKED;
355 }
356 
357 /*
358  * The zspage lock can be held from atomic contexts, but it needs to remain
359  * preemptible when held for reading because it remains held outside of those
360  * atomic contexts, otherwise we unnecessarily lose preemptibility.
361  *
362  * To achieve this, the following rules are enforced on readers and writers:
363  *
364  * - Writers are blocked by both writers and readers, while readers are only
365  *   blocked by writers (i.e. normal rwlock semantics).
366  *
367  * - Writers are always atomic (to allow readers to spin waiting for them).
368  *
369  * - Writers always use trylock (as the lock may be held be sleeping readers).
370  *
371  * - Readers may spin on the lock (as they can only wait for atomic writers).
372  *
373  * - Readers may sleep while holding the lock (as writes only use trylock).
374  */
375 static void zspage_read_lock(struct zspage *zspage)
376 {
377 	struct zspage_lock *zsl = &zspage->zsl;
378 
379 	rwsem_acquire_read(&zsl->dep_map, 0, 0, _RET_IP_);
380 
381 	spin_lock(&zsl->lock);
382 	zsl->cnt++;
383 	spin_unlock(&zsl->lock);
384 
385 	lock_acquired(&zsl->dep_map, _RET_IP_);
386 }
387 
388 static void zspage_read_unlock(struct zspage *zspage)
389 {
390 	struct zspage_lock *zsl = &zspage->zsl;
391 
392 	rwsem_release(&zsl->dep_map, _RET_IP_);
393 
394 	spin_lock(&zsl->lock);
395 	zsl->cnt--;
396 	spin_unlock(&zsl->lock);
397 }
398 
399 static __must_check bool zspage_write_trylock(struct zspage *zspage)
400 {
401 	struct zspage_lock *zsl = &zspage->zsl;
402 
403 	spin_lock(&zsl->lock);
404 	if (zsl->cnt == ZS_PAGE_UNLOCKED) {
405 		zsl->cnt = ZS_PAGE_WRLOCKED;
406 		rwsem_acquire(&zsl->dep_map, 0, 1, _RET_IP_);
407 		lock_acquired(&zsl->dep_map, _RET_IP_);
408 		return true;
409 	}
410 
411 	spin_unlock(&zsl->lock);
412 	return false;
413 }
414 
415 static void zspage_write_unlock(struct zspage *zspage)
416 {
417 	struct zspage_lock *zsl = &zspage->zsl;
418 
419 	rwsem_release(&zsl->dep_map, _RET_IP_);
420 
421 	zsl->cnt = ZS_PAGE_UNLOCKED;
422 	spin_unlock(&zsl->lock);
423 }
424 
425 /* huge object: pages_per_zspage == 1 && maxobj_per_zspage == 1 */
426 static void SetZsHugePage(struct zspage *zspage)
427 {
428 	zspage->huge = 1;
429 }
430 
431 static bool ZsHugePage(struct zspage *zspage)
432 {
433 	return zspage->huge;
434 }
435 
436 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
437 static void kick_deferred_free(struct zs_pool *pool);
438 static void init_deferred_free(struct zs_pool *pool);
439 static void SetZsPageMovable(struct zs_pool *pool, struct zspage *zspage);
440 #else
441 static void kick_deferred_free(struct zs_pool *pool) {}
442 static void init_deferred_free(struct zs_pool *pool) {}
443 static void SetZsPageMovable(struct zs_pool *pool, struct zspage *zspage) {}
444 #endif
445 
446 static unsigned long cache_alloc_handle(gfp_t gfp)
447 {
448 	gfp = gfp & ~(__GFP_HIGHMEM | __GFP_MOVABLE);
449 
450 	return (unsigned long)kmem_cache_alloc(handle_cachep, gfp);
451 }
452 
453 static void cache_free_handle(unsigned long handle)
454 {
455 	kmem_cache_free(handle_cachep, (void *)handle);
456 }
457 
458 static struct zspage *cache_alloc_zspage(gfp_t gfp)
459 {
460 	gfp = gfp & ~(__GFP_HIGHMEM | __GFP_MOVABLE);
461 
462 	return kmem_cache_zalloc(zspage_cachep, gfp);
463 }
464 
465 static void cache_free_zspage(struct zspage *zspage)
466 {
467 	kmem_cache_free(zspage_cachep, zspage);
468 }
469 
470 /*
471  * Pairs with READ_ONCE() in handle_to_obj(): zs_free() may read the
472  * handle locklessly, so prevent store tearing here.
473  */
474 static void record_obj(unsigned long handle, unsigned long obj)
475 {
476 	WRITE_ONCE(*(unsigned long *)handle, obj);
477 }
478 
479 static inline bool __maybe_unused is_first_zpdesc(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
480 {
481 	return PagePrivate(zpdesc_page(zpdesc));
482 }
483 
484 /* Protected by class->lock */
485 static inline int get_zspage_inuse(struct zspage *zspage)
486 {
487 	return zspage->inuse;
488 }
489 
490 static inline void mod_zspage_inuse(struct zspage *zspage, int val)
491 {
492 	zspage->inuse += val;
493 }
494 
495 static struct zpdesc *get_first_zpdesc(struct zspage *zspage)
496 {
497 	struct zpdesc *first_zpdesc = zspage->first_zpdesc;
498 
499 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!is_first_zpdesc(first_zpdesc), zpdesc_page(first_zpdesc));
500 	return first_zpdesc;
501 }
502 
503 #define FIRST_OBJ_PAGE_TYPE_MASK	0xffffff
504 
505 static inline unsigned int get_first_obj_offset(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
506 {
507 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageZsmalloc(zpdesc_page(zpdesc)));
508 	return zpdesc->first_obj_offset & FIRST_OBJ_PAGE_TYPE_MASK;
509 }
510 
511 static inline void set_first_obj_offset(struct zpdesc *zpdesc, unsigned int offset)
512 {
513 	/* With 24 bits available, we can support offsets into 16 MiB pages. */
514 	BUILD_BUG_ON(PAGE_SIZE > SZ_16M);
515 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageZsmalloc(zpdesc_page(zpdesc)));
516 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(offset & ~FIRST_OBJ_PAGE_TYPE_MASK);
517 	zpdesc->first_obj_offset &= ~FIRST_OBJ_PAGE_TYPE_MASK;
518 	zpdesc->first_obj_offset |= offset & FIRST_OBJ_PAGE_TYPE_MASK;
519 }
520 
521 static inline unsigned int get_freeobj(struct zspage *zspage)
522 {
523 	return zspage->freeobj;
524 }
525 
526 static inline void set_freeobj(struct zspage *zspage, unsigned int obj)
527 {
528 	zspage->freeobj = obj;
529 }
530 
531 static struct size_class *zspage_class(struct zs_pool *pool,
532 				       struct zspage *zspage)
533 {
534 	return pool->size_class[zspage->class];
535 }
536 
537 /*
538  * zsmalloc divides the pool into various size classes where each
539  * class maintains a list of zspages where each zspage is divided
540  * into equal sized chunks. Each allocation falls into one of these
541  * classes depending on its size. This function returns index of the
542  * size class which has chunk size big enough to hold the given size.
543  */
544 static int get_size_class_index(int size)
545 {
546 	int idx = 0;
547 
548 	if (likely(size > ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE))
549 		idx = DIV_ROUND_UP(size - ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE,
550 				ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA);
551 
552 	return min_t(int, ZS_SIZE_CLASSES - 1, idx);
553 }
554 
555 static struct size_class *lookup_size_class(struct zs_pool *pool, size_t size)
556 {
557 	return pool->size_class[get_size_class_index(size + ZS_HANDLE_SIZE)];
558 }
559 
560 static inline void class_stat_add(struct size_class *class, int type,
561 				  unsigned long cnt)
562 {
563 	class->stats.objs[type] += cnt;
564 }
565 
566 static inline void class_stat_sub(struct size_class *class, int type,
567 				  unsigned long cnt)
568 {
569 	class->stats.objs[type] -= cnt;
570 }
571 
572 static inline unsigned long class_stat_read(struct size_class *class, int type)
573 {
574 	return class->stats.objs[type];
575 }
576 
577 #ifdef CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_STAT
578 
579 static void __init zs_stat_init(void)
580 {
581 	if (!debugfs_initialized()) {
582 		pr_warn("debugfs not available, stat dir not created\n");
583 		return;
584 	}
585 
586 	zs_stat_root = debugfs_create_dir("zsmalloc", NULL);
587 }
588 
589 static void __exit zs_stat_exit(void)
590 {
591 	debugfs_remove_recursive(zs_stat_root);
592 }
593 
594 static unsigned long zs_can_compact(struct size_class *class);
595 
596 static int zs_stats_size_show(struct seq_file *s, void *v)
597 {
598 	int i, fg;
599 	struct zs_pool *pool = s->private;
600 	struct size_class *class;
601 	int objs_per_zspage;
602 	unsigned long obj_allocated, obj_used, pages_used, freeable;
603 	unsigned long total_objs = 0, total_used_objs = 0, total_pages = 0;
604 	unsigned long total_freeable = 0;
605 	unsigned long inuse_totals[NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS] = {0, };
606 
607 	seq_printf(s, " %5s %5s %9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %9s %13s %10s %10s %16s %8s\n",
608 			"class", "size", "10%", "20%", "30%", "40%",
609 			"50%", "60%", "70%", "80%", "90%", "99%", "100%",
610 			"obj_allocated", "obj_used", "pages_used",
611 			"pages_per_zspage", "freeable");
612 
613 	for (i = 0; i < ZS_SIZE_CLASSES; i++) {
614 
615 		class = pool->size_class[i];
616 
617 		if (class->index != i)
618 			continue;
619 
620 		spin_lock(&class->lock);
621 
622 		seq_printf(s, " %5u %5u ", i, class->size);
623 		for (fg = ZS_INUSE_RATIO_10; fg < NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS; fg++) {
624 			inuse_totals[fg] += class_stat_read(class, fg);
625 			seq_printf(s, "%9lu ", class_stat_read(class, fg));
626 		}
627 
628 		obj_allocated = class_stat_read(class, ZS_OBJS_ALLOCATED);
629 		obj_used = class_stat_read(class, ZS_OBJS_INUSE);
630 		freeable = zs_can_compact(class);
631 		spin_unlock(&class->lock);
632 
633 		objs_per_zspage = class->objs_per_zspage;
634 		pages_used = obj_allocated / objs_per_zspage *
635 				class->pages_per_zspage;
636 
637 		seq_printf(s, "%13lu %10lu %10lu %16d %8lu\n",
638 			   obj_allocated, obj_used, pages_used,
639 			   class->pages_per_zspage, freeable);
640 
641 		total_objs += obj_allocated;
642 		total_used_objs += obj_used;
643 		total_pages += pages_used;
644 		total_freeable += freeable;
645 	}
646 
647 	seq_printf(s, "\n %5s %5s ", "Total", "");
648 
649 	for (fg = ZS_INUSE_RATIO_10; fg < NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS; fg++)
650 		seq_printf(s, "%9lu ", inuse_totals[fg]);
651 
652 	seq_printf(s, "%13lu %10lu %10lu %16s %8lu\n",
653 		   total_objs, total_used_objs, total_pages, "",
654 		   total_freeable);
655 
656 	return 0;
657 }
658 DEFINE_SHOW_ATTRIBUTE(zs_stats_size);
659 
660 static void zs_pool_stat_create(struct zs_pool *pool, const char *name)
661 {
662 	if (!zs_stat_root) {
663 		pr_warn("no root stat dir, not creating <%s> stat dir\n", name);
664 		return;
665 	}
666 
667 	pool->stat_dentry = debugfs_create_dir(name, zs_stat_root);
668 
669 	debugfs_create_file("classes", S_IFREG | 0444, pool->stat_dentry, pool,
670 			    &zs_stats_size_fops);
671 }
672 
673 static void zs_pool_stat_destroy(struct zs_pool *pool)
674 {
675 	debugfs_remove_recursive(pool->stat_dentry);
676 }
677 
678 #else /* CONFIG_ZSMALLOC_STAT */
679 static void __init zs_stat_init(void)
680 {
681 }
682 
683 static void __exit zs_stat_exit(void)
684 {
685 }
686 
687 static inline void zs_pool_stat_create(struct zs_pool *pool, const char *name)
688 {
689 }
690 
691 static inline void zs_pool_stat_destroy(struct zs_pool *pool)
692 {
693 }
694 #endif
695 
696 
697 /*
698  * For each size class, zspages are divided into different groups
699  * depending on their usage ratio. This function returns fullness
700  * status of the given page.
701  */
702 static int get_fullness_group(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage)
703 {
704 	int inuse, objs_per_zspage, ratio;
705 
706 	inuse = get_zspage_inuse(zspage);
707 	objs_per_zspage = class->objs_per_zspage;
708 
709 	if (inuse == 0)
710 		return ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0;
711 	if (inuse == objs_per_zspage)
712 		return ZS_INUSE_RATIO_100;
713 
714 	ratio = 100 * inuse / objs_per_zspage;
715 	/*
716 	 * Take integer division into consideration: a page with one inuse
717 	 * object out of 127 possible, will end up having 0 usage ratio,
718 	 * which is wrong as it belongs in ZS_INUSE_RATIO_10 fullness group.
719 	 */
720 	return ratio / 10 + 1;
721 }
722 
723 /*
724  * Each size class maintains various freelists and zspages are assigned
725  * to one of these freelists based on the number of live objects they
726  * have. This functions inserts the given zspage into the freelist
727  * identified by <class, fullness_group>.
728  */
729 static void insert_zspage(struct size_class *class,
730 				struct zspage *zspage,
731 				int fullness)
732 {
733 	class_stat_add(class, fullness, 1);
734 	list_add(&zspage->list, &class->fullness_list[fullness]);
735 	zspage->fullness = fullness;
736 }
737 
738 /*
739  * This function removes the given zspage from the freelist identified
740  * by <class, fullness_group>.
741  */
742 static void remove_zspage(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage)
743 {
744 	int fullness = zspage->fullness;
745 
746 	VM_BUG_ON(list_empty(&class->fullness_list[fullness]));
747 
748 	list_del_init(&zspage->list);
749 	class_stat_sub(class, fullness, 1);
750 }
751 
752 /*
753  * Each size class maintains zspages in different fullness groups depending
754  * on the number of live objects they contain. When allocating or freeing
755  * objects, the fullness status of the page can change, for instance, from
756  * INUSE_RATIO_80 to INUSE_RATIO_70 when freeing an object. This function
757  * checks if such a status change has occurred for the given page and
758  * accordingly moves the page from the list of the old fullness group to that
759  * of the new fullness group.
760  */
761 static int fix_fullness_group(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage)
762 {
763 	int newfg;
764 
765 	newfg = get_fullness_group(class, zspage);
766 	if (newfg == zspage->fullness)
767 		goto out;
768 
769 	remove_zspage(class, zspage);
770 	insert_zspage(class, zspage, newfg);
771 out:
772 	return newfg;
773 }
774 
775 static struct zspage *get_zspage(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
776 {
777 	struct zspage *zspage = zpdesc->zspage;
778 
779 	BUG_ON(zspage->magic != ZSPAGE_MAGIC);
780 	return zspage;
781 }
782 
783 static struct zpdesc *get_next_zpdesc(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
784 {
785 	struct zspage *zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
786 
787 	if (unlikely(ZsHugePage(zspage)))
788 		return NULL;
789 
790 	return zpdesc->next;
791 }
792 
793 /**
794  * obj_to_location - get (<zpdesc>, <obj_idx>) from encoded object value
795  * @obj: the encoded object value
796  * @zpdesc: zpdesc object resides in zspage
797  * @obj_idx: object index
798  */
799 static void obj_to_location(unsigned long obj, struct zpdesc **zpdesc,
800 				unsigned int *obj_idx)
801 {
802 	*zpdesc = pfn_zpdesc(obj >> ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT);
803 	*obj_idx = (obj & ZS_OBJ_IDX_MASK);
804 }
805 
806 static void obj_to_zpdesc(unsigned long obj, struct zpdesc **zpdesc)
807 {
808 	*zpdesc = pfn_zpdesc(obj >> ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT);
809 }
810 
811 /**
812  * location_to_obj - encode (<zpdesc>, <obj_idx>, <class_idx>) into obj value
813  * @zpdesc: zpdesc object resides in zspage
814  * @obj_idx: object index
815  * @class_idx: size class index; ignored when ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS == 0
816  */
817 static unsigned long location_to_obj(struct zpdesc *zpdesc, unsigned int obj_idx,
818 				     unsigned int class_idx)
819 {
820 	unsigned long obj;
821 
822 	obj  = zpdesc_pfn(zpdesc) << ZS_OBJ_PFN_SHIFT;
823 	obj |= (unsigned long)(class_idx & ZS_OBJ_CLASS_MASK) << ZS_OBJ_IDX_BITS;
824 	obj |= obj_idx & ZS_OBJ_IDX_MASK;
825 
826 	return obj;
827 }
828 
829 static unsigned long handle_to_obj(unsigned long handle)
830 {
831 	return READ_ONCE(*(unsigned long *)handle);
832 }
833 
834 static inline bool obj_allocated(struct zpdesc *zpdesc, void *obj,
835 				 unsigned long *phandle)
836 {
837 	unsigned long handle;
838 	struct zspage *zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
839 
840 	if (unlikely(ZsHugePage(zspage))) {
841 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!is_first_zpdesc(zpdesc), zpdesc_page(zpdesc));
842 		handle = zpdesc->handle;
843 	} else
844 		handle = *(unsigned long *)obj;
845 
846 	if (!(handle & OBJ_ALLOCATED_TAG))
847 		return false;
848 
849 	/* Clear all tags before returning the handle */
850 	*phandle = handle & ~OBJ_TAG_MASK;
851 	return true;
852 }
853 
854 static void reset_zpdesc(struct zpdesc *zpdesc)
855 {
856 	struct page *page = zpdesc_page(zpdesc);
857 
858 	ClearPagePrivate(page);
859 	zpdesc->zspage = NULL;
860 	zpdesc->next = NULL;
861 	/* PageZsmalloc is sticky until the page is freed to the buddy. */
862 }
863 
864 static int trylock_zspage(struct zspage *zspage)
865 {
866 	struct zpdesc *cursor, *fail;
867 
868 	for (cursor = get_first_zpdesc(zspage); cursor != NULL; cursor =
869 					get_next_zpdesc(cursor)) {
870 		if (!zpdesc_trylock(cursor)) {
871 			fail = cursor;
872 			goto unlock;
873 		}
874 	}
875 
876 	return 1;
877 unlock:
878 	for (cursor = get_first_zpdesc(zspage); cursor != fail; cursor =
879 					get_next_zpdesc(cursor))
880 		zpdesc_unlock(cursor);
881 
882 	return 0;
883 }
884 
885 /*
886  * Three free helpers, kept apart here:
887  *
888  * __free_zspage_lockless(): bare core; walks zpdescs and returns pages
889  *   to the buddy allocator.  Caller owns all zpdesc locks and has
890  *   removed the zspage from its class list.  Used by zs_free() outside
891  *   class->lock so the buddy-side work does not stall the class.
892  *
893  * __free_zspage(): __free_zspage_lockless() + per-class accounting,
894  *   under class->lock.  Used by async_free_zspage(), the worker for
895  *   zspages whose trylock_zspage() failed.
896  *
897  * free_zspage(): full wrapper - trylock zpdescs, remove from class
898  *   list, call __free_zspage(); kicks deferred free on contention.
899  *   Used by compaction.
900  */
901 static inline void __free_zspage_lockless(struct zspage *zspage)
902 {
903 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc, *next;
904 
905 	VM_BUG_ON(get_zspage_inuse(zspage));
906 	VM_BUG_ON(zspage->fullness != ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0);
907 
908 	next = zpdesc = get_first_zpdesc(zspage);
909 	do {
910 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!zpdesc_is_locked(zpdesc), zpdesc_page(zpdesc));
911 		next = get_next_zpdesc(zpdesc);
912 		reset_zpdesc(zpdesc);
913 		zpdesc_unlock(zpdesc);
914 		zpdesc_dec_zone_page_state(zpdesc);
915 		zpdesc_put(zpdesc);
916 		zpdesc = next;
917 	} while (zpdesc != NULL);
918 
919 	cache_free_zspage(zspage);
920 }
921 
922 static void __free_zspage(struct zs_pool *pool, struct size_class *class,
923 			  struct zspage *zspage)
924 {
925 	assert_spin_locked(&class->lock);
926 	__free_zspage_lockless(zspage);
927 	class_stat_sub(class, ZS_OBJS_ALLOCATED, class->objs_per_zspage);
928 	atomic_long_sub(class->pages_per_zspage, &pool->pages_allocated);
929 }
930 
931 static void free_zspage(struct zs_pool *pool, struct size_class *class,
932 				struct zspage *zspage)
933 {
934 	VM_BUG_ON(get_zspage_inuse(zspage));
935 	VM_BUG_ON(list_empty(&zspage->list));
936 
937 	/*
938 	 * Since zs_free couldn't be sleepable, this function cannot call
939 	 * lock_page. The page locks trylock_zspage got will be released
940 	 * by __free_zspage.
941 	 */
942 	if (!trylock_zspage(zspage)) {
943 		kick_deferred_free(pool);
944 		return;
945 	}
946 
947 	remove_zspage(class, zspage);
948 	__free_zspage(pool, class, zspage);
949 }
950 
951 /* Initialize a newly allocated zspage */
952 static void init_zspage(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage)
953 {
954 	unsigned int freeobj = 1;
955 	unsigned long off = 0;
956 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc = get_first_zpdesc(zspage);
957 
958 	while (zpdesc) {
959 		struct zpdesc *next_zpdesc;
960 		struct link_free *link;
961 		void *vaddr;
962 
963 		set_first_obj_offset(zpdesc, off);
964 
965 		vaddr = kmap_local_zpdesc(zpdesc);
966 		link = (struct link_free *)vaddr + off / sizeof(*link);
967 
968 		while ((off += class->size) < PAGE_SIZE) {
969 			link->next = freeobj++ << OBJ_TAG_BITS;
970 			link += class->size / sizeof(*link);
971 		}
972 
973 		/*
974 		 * We now come to the last (full or partial) object on this
975 		 * page, which must point to the first object on the next
976 		 * page (if present)
977 		 */
978 		next_zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(zpdesc);
979 		if (next_zpdesc) {
980 			link->next = freeobj++ << OBJ_TAG_BITS;
981 		} else {
982 			/*
983 			 * Reset OBJ_TAG_BITS bit to last link to tell
984 			 * whether it's allocated object or not.
985 			 */
986 			link->next = -1UL << OBJ_TAG_BITS;
987 		}
988 		kunmap_local(vaddr);
989 		zpdesc = next_zpdesc;
990 		off %= PAGE_SIZE;
991 	}
992 
993 	set_freeobj(zspage, 0);
994 }
995 
996 static void create_page_chain(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage,
997 				struct zpdesc *zpdescs[])
998 {
999 	int i;
1000 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1001 	struct zpdesc *prev_zpdesc = NULL;
1002 	int nr_zpdescs = class->pages_per_zspage;
1003 
1004 	/*
1005 	 * Allocate individual pages and link them together as:
1006 	 * 1. all pages are linked together using zpdesc->next
1007 	 * 2. each sub-page point to zspage using zpdesc->zspage
1008 	 *
1009 	 * we set PG_private to identify the first zpdesc (i.e. no other zpdesc
1010 	 * has this flag set).
1011 	 */
1012 	for (i = 0; i < nr_zpdescs; i++) {
1013 		zpdesc = zpdescs[i];
1014 		zpdesc->zspage = zspage;
1015 		zpdesc->next = NULL;
1016 		if (i == 0) {
1017 			zspage->first_zpdesc = zpdesc;
1018 			zpdesc_set_first(zpdesc);
1019 			if (unlikely(class->objs_per_zspage == 1 &&
1020 					class->pages_per_zspage == 1))
1021 				SetZsHugePage(zspage);
1022 		} else {
1023 			prev_zpdesc->next = zpdesc;
1024 		}
1025 		prev_zpdesc = zpdesc;
1026 	}
1027 }
1028 
1029 /*
1030  * Allocate a zspage for the given size class
1031  */
1032 static struct zspage *alloc_zspage(struct zs_pool *pool,
1033 				   struct size_class *class,
1034 				   gfp_t gfp, const int nid)
1035 {
1036 	int i;
1037 	struct zpdesc *zpdescs[ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE];
1038 	struct zspage *zspage = cache_alloc_zspage(gfp);
1039 
1040 	if (!zspage)
1041 		return NULL;
1042 
1043 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_COMPACTION))
1044 		gfp &= ~__GFP_MOVABLE;
1045 
1046 	zspage->magic = ZSPAGE_MAGIC;
1047 	zspage->pool = pool;
1048 	zspage->class = class->index;
1049 	zspage_lock_init(zspage);
1050 
1051 	for (i = 0; i < class->pages_per_zspage; i++) {
1052 		struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1053 
1054 		zpdesc = alloc_zpdesc(gfp, nid);
1055 		if (!zpdesc) {
1056 			while (--i >= 0) {
1057 				zpdesc_dec_zone_page_state(zpdescs[i]);
1058 				free_zpdesc(zpdescs[i]);
1059 			}
1060 			cache_free_zspage(zspage);
1061 			return NULL;
1062 		}
1063 		__zpdesc_set_zsmalloc(zpdesc);
1064 
1065 		zpdesc_inc_zone_page_state(zpdesc);
1066 		zpdescs[i] = zpdesc;
1067 	}
1068 
1069 	create_page_chain(class, zspage, zpdescs);
1070 	init_zspage(class, zspage);
1071 
1072 	return zspage;
1073 }
1074 
1075 static struct zspage *find_get_zspage(struct size_class *class)
1076 {
1077 	int i;
1078 	struct zspage *zspage;
1079 
1080 	for (i = ZS_INUSE_RATIO_99; i >= ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0; i--) {
1081 		zspage = list_first_entry_or_null(&class->fullness_list[i],
1082 						  struct zspage, list);
1083 		if (zspage)
1084 			break;
1085 	}
1086 
1087 	return zspage;
1088 }
1089 
1090 static bool can_merge(struct size_class *prev, int pages_per_zspage,
1091 					int objs_per_zspage)
1092 {
1093 	if (prev->pages_per_zspage == pages_per_zspage &&
1094 		prev->objs_per_zspage == objs_per_zspage)
1095 		return true;
1096 
1097 	return false;
1098 }
1099 
1100 static bool zspage_full(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage)
1101 {
1102 	return get_zspage_inuse(zspage) == class->objs_per_zspage;
1103 }
1104 
1105 static bool zspage_empty(struct zspage *zspage)
1106 {
1107 	return get_zspage_inuse(zspage) == 0;
1108 }
1109 
1110 /**
1111  * zs_lookup_class_index() - Returns index of the zsmalloc &size_class
1112  * that hold objects of the provided size.
1113  * @pool: zsmalloc pool to use
1114  * @size: object size
1115  *
1116  * Context: Any context.
1117  *
1118  * Return: the index of the zsmalloc &size_class that hold objects of the
1119  * provided size.
1120  */
1121 unsigned int zs_lookup_class_index(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned int size)
1122 {
1123 	struct size_class *class;
1124 
1125 	class = lookup_size_class(pool, size);
1126 
1127 	return class->index;
1128 }
1129 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_lookup_class_index);
1130 
1131 unsigned long zs_get_total_pages(struct zs_pool *pool)
1132 {
1133 	return atomic_long_read(&pool->pages_allocated);
1134 }
1135 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_get_total_pages);
1136 
1137 void *zs_obj_read_begin(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle,
1138 			size_t mem_len, void *local_copy)
1139 {
1140 	struct zspage *zspage;
1141 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1142 	unsigned long obj, off;
1143 	unsigned int obj_idx;
1144 	struct size_class *class;
1145 	void *addr;
1146 
1147 	/* Guarantee we can get zspage from handle safely */
1148 	read_lock(&pool->lock);
1149 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1150 	obj_to_location(obj, &zpdesc, &obj_idx);
1151 	zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
1152 
1153 	/* Make sure migration doesn't move any pages in this zspage */
1154 	zspage_read_lock(zspage);
1155 	read_unlock(&pool->lock);
1156 
1157 	class = zspage_class(pool, zspage);
1158 	off = offset_in_page(class->size * obj_idx);
1159 
1160 	if (!ZsHugePage(zspage))
1161 		off += ZS_HANDLE_SIZE;
1162 
1163 	if (off + mem_len <= PAGE_SIZE) {
1164 		/* this object is contained entirely within a page */
1165 		addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1166 		addr += off;
1167 	} else {
1168 		size_t sizes[2];
1169 
1170 		/* this object spans two pages */
1171 		sizes[0] = PAGE_SIZE - off;
1172 		sizes[1] = mem_len - sizes[0];
1173 		addr = local_copy;
1174 
1175 		memcpy_from_page(addr, zpdesc_page(zpdesc),
1176 				 off, sizes[0]);
1177 		zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1178 		memcpy_from_page(addr + sizes[0],
1179 				 zpdesc_page(zpdesc),
1180 				 0, sizes[1]);
1181 	}
1182 
1183 	return addr;
1184 }
1185 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_obj_read_begin);
1186 
1187 void zs_obj_read_end(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle,
1188 		     size_t mem_len, void *handle_mem)
1189 {
1190 	struct zspage *zspage;
1191 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1192 	unsigned long obj, off;
1193 	unsigned int obj_idx;
1194 	struct size_class *class;
1195 
1196 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1197 	obj_to_location(obj, &zpdesc, &obj_idx);
1198 	zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
1199 	class = zspage_class(pool, zspage);
1200 	off = offset_in_page(class->size * obj_idx);
1201 
1202 	if (!ZsHugePage(zspage))
1203 		off += ZS_HANDLE_SIZE;
1204 
1205 	if (off + mem_len <= PAGE_SIZE) {
1206 		handle_mem -= off;
1207 		kunmap_local(handle_mem);
1208 	}
1209 
1210 	zspage_read_unlock(zspage);
1211 }
1212 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_obj_read_end);
1213 
1214 void zs_obj_read_sg_begin(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle,
1215 			  struct scatterlist *sg, size_t mem_len)
1216 {
1217 	struct zspage *zspage;
1218 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1219 	unsigned long obj, off;
1220 	unsigned int obj_idx;
1221 	struct size_class *class;
1222 
1223 	/* Guarantee we can get zspage from handle safely */
1224 	read_lock(&pool->lock);
1225 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1226 	obj_to_location(obj, &zpdesc, &obj_idx);
1227 	zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
1228 
1229 	/* Make sure migration doesn't move any pages in this zspage */
1230 	zspage_read_lock(zspage);
1231 	read_unlock(&pool->lock);
1232 
1233 	class = zspage_class(pool, zspage);
1234 	off = offset_in_page(class->size * obj_idx);
1235 
1236 	if (!ZsHugePage(zspage))
1237 		off += ZS_HANDLE_SIZE;
1238 
1239 	if (off + mem_len <= PAGE_SIZE) {
1240 		/* this object is contained entirely within a page */
1241 		sg_init_table(sg, 1);
1242 		sg_set_page(sg, zpdesc_page(zpdesc), mem_len, off);
1243 	} else {
1244 		size_t sizes[2];
1245 
1246 		/* this object spans two pages */
1247 		sizes[0] = PAGE_SIZE - off;
1248 		sizes[1] = mem_len - sizes[0];
1249 
1250 		sg_init_table(sg, 2);
1251 		sg_set_page(sg, zpdesc_page(zpdesc), sizes[0], off);
1252 
1253 		zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1254 		sg = sg_next(sg);
1255 
1256 		sg_set_page(sg, zpdesc_page(zpdesc), sizes[1], 0);
1257 	}
1258 }
1259 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_obj_read_sg_begin);
1260 
1261 void zs_obj_read_sg_end(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle)
1262 {
1263 	struct zspage *zspage;
1264 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1265 	unsigned long obj;
1266 	unsigned int obj_idx;
1267 
1268 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1269 	obj_to_location(obj, &zpdesc, &obj_idx);
1270 	zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
1271 
1272 	zspage_read_unlock(zspage);
1273 }
1274 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_obj_read_sg_end);
1275 
1276 void zs_obj_write(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle,
1277 		  void *handle_mem, size_t mem_len)
1278 {
1279 	struct zspage *zspage;
1280 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1281 	unsigned long obj, off;
1282 	unsigned int obj_idx;
1283 	struct size_class *class;
1284 
1285 	/* Guarantee we can get zspage from handle safely */
1286 	read_lock(&pool->lock);
1287 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1288 	obj_to_location(obj, &zpdesc, &obj_idx);
1289 	zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
1290 
1291 	/* Make sure migration doesn't move any pages in this zspage */
1292 	zspage_read_lock(zspage);
1293 	read_unlock(&pool->lock);
1294 
1295 	class = zspage_class(pool, zspage);
1296 	off = offset_in_page(class->size * obj_idx);
1297 
1298 	if (!ZsHugePage(zspage))
1299 		off += ZS_HANDLE_SIZE;
1300 
1301 	if (off + mem_len <= PAGE_SIZE) {
1302 		/* this object is contained entirely within a page */
1303 		void *dst = kmap_local_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1304 
1305 		memcpy(dst + off, handle_mem, mem_len);
1306 		kunmap_local(dst);
1307 	} else {
1308 		/* this object spans two pages */
1309 		size_t sizes[2];
1310 
1311 		sizes[0] = PAGE_SIZE - off;
1312 		sizes[1] = mem_len - sizes[0];
1313 
1314 		memcpy_to_page(zpdesc_page(zpdesc), off,
1315 			       handle_mem, sizes[0]);
1316 		zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1317 		memcpy_to_page(zpdesc_page(zpdesc), 0,
1318 			       handle_mem + sizes[0], sizes[1]);
1319 	}
1320 
1321 	zspage_read_unlock(zspage);
1322 }
1323 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_obj_write);
1324 
1325 /**
1326  * zs_huge_class_size() - Returns the size (in bytes) of the first huge
1327  *                        zsmalloc &size_class.
1328  * @pool: zsmalloc pool to use
1329  *
1330  * The function returns the size of the first huge class - any object of equal
1331  * or bigger size will be stored in zspage consisting of a single physical
1332  * page.
1333  *
1334  * Context: Any context.
1335  *
1336  * Return: the size (in bytes) of the first huge zsmalloc &size_class.
1337  */
1338 size_t zs_huge_class_size(struct zs_pool *pool)
1339 {
1340 	return huge_class_size;
1341 }
1342 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_huge_class_size);
1343 
1344 static unsigned long obj_malloc(struct zs_pool *pool,
1345 				struct zspage *zspage, unsigned long handle)
1346 {
1347 	int i, nr_zpdesc, offset;
1348 	unsigned long obj;
1349 	struct link_free *link;
1350 	struct size_class *class;
1351 
1352 	struct zpdesc *m_zpdesc;
1353 	unsigned long m_offset;
1354 	void *vaddr;
1355 
1356 	class = pool->size_class[zspage->class];
1357 	obj = get_freeobj(zspage);
1358 
1359 	offset = obj * class->size;
1360 	nr_zpdesc = offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1361 	m_offset = offset_in_page(offset);
1362 	m_zpdesc = get_first_zpdesc(zspage);
1363 
1364 	for (i = 0; i < nr_zpdesc; i++)
1365 		m_zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(m_zpdesc);
1366 
1367 	vaddr = kmap_local_zpdesc(m_zpdesc);
1368 	link = (struct link_free *)vaddr + m_offset / sizeof(*link);
1369 	set_freeobj(zspage, link->next >> OBJ_TAG_BITS);
1370 	if (likely(!ZsHugePage(zspage)))
1371 		/* record handle in the header of allocated chunk */
1372 		link->handle = handle | OBJ_ALLOCATED_TAG;
1373 	else
1374 		zspage->first_zpdesc->handle = handle | OBJ_ALLOCATED_TAG;
1375 
1376 	kunmap_local(vaddr);
1377 	mod_zspage_inuse(zspage, 1);
1378 
1379 	obj = location_to_obj(m_zpdesc, obj, zspage->class);
1380 	record_obj(handle, obj);
1381 
1382 	return obj;
1383 }
1384 
1385 
1386 /**
1387  * zs_malloc - Allocate block of given size from pool.
1388  * @pool: pool to allocate from
1389  * @size: size of block to allocate
1390  * @gfp: gfp flags when allocating object
1391  * @nid: The preferred node id to allocate new zspage (if needed)
1392  *
1393  * On success, handle to the allocated object is returned,
1394  * otherwise an ERR_PTR().
1395  * Allocation requests with size > ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE will fail.
1396  */
1397 unsigned long zs_malloc(struct zs_pool *pool, size_t size, gfp_t gfp,
1398 			const int nid)
1399 {
1400 	unsigned long handle;
1401 	struct size_class *class;
1402 	int newfg;
1403 	struct zspage *zspage;
1404 
1405 	if (unlikely(!size))
1406 		return (unsigned long)ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1407 
1408 	if (unlikely(size > ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE))
1409 		return (unsigned long)ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
1410 
1411 	handle = cache_alloc_handle(gfp);
1412 	if (!handle)
1413 		return (unsigned long)ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1414 
1415 	class = lookup_size_class(pool, size);
1416 
1417 	/* class->lock effectively protects the zpage migration */
1418 	spin_lock(&class->lock);
1419 	zspage = find_get_zspage(class);
1420 	if (likely(zspage)) {
1421 		obj_malloc(pool, zspage, handle);
1422 		/* Now move the zspage to another fullness group, if required */
1423 		fix_fullness_group(class, zspage);
1424 		class_stat_add(class, ZS_OBJS_INUSE, 1);
1425 
1426 		goto out;
1427 	}
1428 
1429 	spin_unlock(&class->lock);
1430 
1431 	zspage = alloc_zspage(pool, class, gfp, nid);
1432 	if (!zspage) {
1433 		cache_free_handle(handle);
1434 		return (unsigned long)ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1435 	}
1436 
1437 	spin_lock(&class->lock);
1438 	obj_malloc(pool, zspage, handle);
1439 	newfg = get_fullness_group(class, zspage);
1440 	insert_zspage(class, zspage, newfg);
1441 	atomic_long_add(class->pages_per_zspage, &pool->pages_allocated);
1442 	class_stat_add(class, ZS_OBJS_ALLOCATED, class->objs_per_zspage);
1443 	class_stat_add(class, ZS_OBJS_INUSE, 1);
1444 
1445 	/* We completely set up zspage so mark them as movable */
1446 	SetZsPageMovable(pool, zspage);
1447 out:
1448 	spin_unlock(&class->lock);
1449 
1450 	return handle;
1451 }
1452 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_malloc);
1453 
1454 static void obj_free(int class_size, unsigned long obj)
1455 {
1456 	struct link_free *link;
1457 	struct zspage *zspage;
1458 	struct zpdesc *f_zpdesc;
1459 	unsigned long f_offset;
1460 	unsigned int f_objidx;
1461 	void *vaddr;
1462 
1463 
1464 	obj_to_location(obj, &f_zpdesc, &f_objidx);
1465 	f_offset = offset_in_page(class_size * f_objidx);
1466 	zspage = get_zspage(f_zpdesc);
1467 
1468 	vaddr = kmap_local_zpdesc(f_zpdesc);
1469 	link = (struct link_free *)(vaddr + f_offset);
1470 
1471 	/* Insert this object in containing zspage's freelist */
1472 	if (likely(!ZsHugePage(zspage)))
1473 		link->next = get_freeobj(zspage) << OBJ_TAG_BITS;
1474 	else
1475 		f_zpdesc->handle = 0;
1476 	set_freeobj(zspage, f_objidx);
1477 
1478 	kunmap_local(vaddr);
1479 	mod_zspage_inuse(zspage, -1);
1480 }
1481 
1482 #if (ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS > 0) || defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION)
1483 /* Folds to 0 when ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS == 0; no ifdef needed at callers. */
1484 static unsigned int obj_to_class_idx(unsigned long obj)
1485 {
1486 	return (obj >> ZS_OBJ_IDX_BITS) & ZS_OBJ_CLASS_MASK;
1487 }
1488 #endif
1489 
1490 /*
1491  * Resolve @handle to its zspage / size_class and acquire class->lock.
1492  *
1493  * When class_idx is encoded in obj (ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS > 0), it is
1494  * invariant under page migration, so the handle can be read locklessly
1495  * to pick the size_class.  Once class->lock is held migration is
1496  * blocked and the handle is re-read to obtain a stable PFN.
1497  *
1498  * Otherwise (32-bit, or 64-bit fallback paths like UML where the
1499  * encoding is disabled), fall back to pool->lock for the lookup.
1500  */
1501 #if ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS > 0
1502 static inline void obj_class_get_and_lock(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle,
1503 					 unsigned long *objp, struct zspage **zspagep,
1504 					 struct size_class **classp)
1505 	__acquires(&(*classp)->lock)
1506 {
1507 	struct zpdesc *f_zpdesc;
1508 	unsigned long obj;
1509 
1510 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1511 	*classp = pool->size_class[obj_to_class_idx(obj)];
1512 	spin_lock(&(*classp)->lock);
1513 	/* Re-read under class->lock: PFN is now stable vs migration. */
1514 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1515 	obj_to_zpdesc(obj, &f_zpdesc);
1516 	*zspagep = get_zspage(f_zpdesc);
1517 	*objp = obj;
1518 }
1519 #else
1520 static inline void obj_class_get_and_lock(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle,
1521 					 unsigned long *objp, struct zspage **zspagep,
1522 					 struct size_class **classp)
1523 	__acquires(&(*classp)->lock)
1524 {
1525 	struct zpdesc *f_zpdesc;
1526 	unsigned long obj;
1527 
1528 	read_lock(&pool->lock);
1529 	obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1530 	obj_to_zpdesc(obj, &f_zpdesc);
1531 	*zspagep = get_zspage(f_zpdesc);
1532 	*classp = zspage_class(pool, *zspagep);
1533 	spin_lock(&(*classp)->lock);
1534 	read_unlock(&pool->lock);
1535 	*objp = obj;
1536 }
1537 #endif
1538 
1539 void zs_free(struct zs_pool *pool, unsigned long handle)
1540 {
1541 	struct zspage *zspage;
1542 	unsigned long obj;
1543 	struct size_class *class;
1544 	int fullness;
1545 	struct zspage *zspage_to_free = NULL;
1546 
1547 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL((void *)handle))
1548 		return;
1549 
1550 	obj_class_get_and_lock(pool, handle, &obj, &zspage, &class);
1551 
1552 	class_stat_sub(class, ZS_OBJS_INUSE, 1);
1553 	obj_free(class->size, obj);
1554 
1555 	fullness = fix_fullness_group(class, zspage);
1556 	if (fullness == ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0) {
1557 		if (trylock_zspage(zspage)) {
1558 			remove_zspage(class, zspage);
1559 			class_stat_sub(class, ZS_OBJS_ALLOCATED,
1560 				       class->objs_per_zspage);
1561 			zspage_to_free = zspage;
1562 		} else {
1563 			kick_deferred_free(pool);
1564 		}
1565 	}
1566 
1567 	spin_unlock(&class->lock);
1568 
1569 	if (zspage_to_free) {
1570 		__free_zspage_lockless(zspage_to_free);
1571 		atomic_long_sub(class->pages_per_zspage, &pool->pages_allocated);
1572 	}
1573 	cache_free_handle(handle);
1574 }
1575 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_free);
1576 
1577 static void zs_object_copy(struct size_class *class, unsigned long dst,
1578 				unsigned long src)
1579 {
1580 	struct zpdesc *s_zpdesc, *d_zpdesc;
1581 	unsigned int s_objidx, d_objidx;
1582 	unsigned long s_off, d_off;
1583 	void *s_addr, *d_addr;
1584 	int s_size, d_size, size;
1585 	int written = 0;
1586 
1587 	s_size = d_size = class->size;
1588 
1589 	obj_to_location(src, &s_zpdesc, &s_objidx);
1590 	obj_to_location(dst, &d_zpdesc, &d_objidx);
1591 
1592 	s_off = offset_in_page(class->size * s_objidx);
1593 	d_off = offset_in_page(class->size * d_objidx);
1594 
1595 	if (s_off + class->size > PAGE_SIZE)
1596 		s_size = PAGE_SIZE - s_off;
1597 
1598 	if (d_off + class->size > PAGE_SIZE)
1599 		d_size = PAGE_SIZE - d_off;
1600 
1601 	s_addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(s_zpdesc);
1602 	d_addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(d_zpdesc);
1603 
1604 	while (1) {
1605 		size = min(s_size, d_size);
1606 		memcpy(d_addr + d_off, s_addr + s_off, size);
1607 		written += size;
1608 
1609 		if (written == class->size)
1610 			break;
1611 
1612 		s_off += size;
1613 		s_size -= size;
1614 		d_off += size;
1615 		d_size -= size;
1616 
1617 		/*
1618 		 * Calling kunmap_local(d_addr) is necessary. kunmap_local()
1619 		 * calls must occurs in reverse order of calls to kmap_local_page().
1620 		 * So, to call kunmap_local(s_addr) we should first call
1621 		 * kunmap_local(d_addr). For more details see
1622 		 * Documentation/mm/highmem.rst.
1623 		 */
1624 		if (s_off >= PAGE_SIZE) {
1625 			kunmap_local(d_addr);
1626 			kunmap_local(s_addr);
1627 			s_zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(s_zpdesc);
1628 			s_addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(s_zpdesc);
1629 			d_addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(d_zpdesc);
1630 			s_size = class->size - written;
1631 			s_off = 0;
1632 		}
1633 
1634 		if (d_off >= PAGE_SIZE) {
1635 			kunmap_local(d_addr);
1636 			d_zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(d_zpdesc);
1637 			d_addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(d_zpdesc);
1638 			d_size = class->size - written;
1639 			d_off = 0;
1640 		}
1641 	}
1642 
1643 	kunmap_local(d_addr);
1644 	kunmap_local(s_addr);
1645 }
1646 
1647 /*
1648  * Find alloced object in zspage from index object and
1649  * return handle.
1650  */
1651 static unsigned long find_alloced_obj(struct size_class *class,
1652 				      struct zpdesc *zpdesc, int *obj_idx)
1653 {
1654 	unsigned int offset;
1655 	int index = *obj_idx;
1656 	unsigned long handle = 0;
1657 	void *addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1658 
1659 	offset = get_first_obj_offset(zpdesc);
1660 	offset += class->size * index;
1661 
1662 	while (offset < PAGE_SIZE) {
1663 		if (obj_allocated(zpdesc, addr + offset, &handle))
1664 			break;
1665 
1666 		offset += class->size;
1667 		index++;
1668 	}
1669 
1670 	kunmap_local(addr);
1671 
1672 	*obj_idx = index;
1673 
1674 	return handle;
1675 }
1676 
1677 static void migrate_zspage(struct zs_pool *pool, struct zspage *src_zspage,
1678 			   struct zspage *dst_zspage)
1679 {
1680 	unsigned long used_obj, free_obj;
1681 	unsigned long handle;
1682 	int obj_idx = 0;
1683 	struct zpdesc *s_zpdesc = get_first_zpdesc(src_zspage);
1684 	struct size_class *class = pool->size_class[src_zspage->class];
1685 
1686 	while (1) {
1687 		handle = find_alloced_obj(class, s_zpdesc, &obj_idx);
1688 		if (!handle) {
1689 			s_zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(s_zpdesc);
1690 			if (!s_zpdesc)
1691 				break;
1692 			obj_idx = 0;
1693 			continue;
1694 		}
1695 
1696 		used_obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1697 		free_obj = obj_malloc(pool, dst_zspage, handle);
1698 		zs_object_copy(class, free_obj, used_obj);
1699 		obj_idx++;
1700 		obj_free(class->size, used_obj);
1701 
1702 		/* Stop if there is no more space */
1703 		if (zspage_full(class, dst_zspage))
1704 			break;
1705 
1706 		/* Stop if there are no more objects to migrate */
1707 		if (zspage_empty(src_zspage))
1708 			break;
1709 	}
1710 }
1711 
1712 static struct zspage *isolate_src_zspage(struct size_class *class)
1713 {
1714 	struct zspage *zspage;
1715 	int fg;
1716 
1717 	for (fg = ZS_INUSE_RATIO_10; fg <= ZS_INUSE_RATIO_99; fg++) {
1718 		zspage = list_first_entry_or_null(&class->fullness_list[fg],
1719 						  struct zspage, list);
1720 		if (zspage) {
1721 			remove_zspage(class, zspage);
1722 			return zspage;
1723 		}
1724 	}
1725 
1726 	return zspage;
1727 }
1728 
1729 static struct zspage *isolate_dst_zspage(struct size_class *class)
1730 {
1731 	struct zspage *zspage;
1732 	int fg;
1733 
1734 	for (fg = ZS_INUSE_RATIO_99; fg >= ZS_INUSE_RATIO_10; fg--) {
1735 		zspage = list_first_entry_or_null(&class->fullness_list[fg],
1736 						  struct zspage, list);
1737 		if (zspage) {
1738 			remove_zspage(class, zspage);
1739 			return zspage;
1740 		}
1741 	}
1742 
1743 	return zspage;
1744 }
1745 
1746 /*
1747  * putback_zspage - add @zspage into right class's fullness list
1748  * @class: destination class
1749  * @zspage: target page
1750  *
1751  * Return @zspage's fullness status
1752  */
1753 static int putback_zspage(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage)
1754 {
1755 	int fullness;
1756 
1757 	fullness = get_fullness_group(class, zspage);
1758 	insert_zspage(class, zspage, fullness);
1759 
1760 	return fullness;
1761 }
1762 
1763 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
1764 /*
1765  * To prevent zspage destroy during migration, zspage freeing should
1766  * hold locks of all pages in the zspage.
1767  */
1768 static void lock_zspage(struct zspage *zspage)
1769 {
1770 	struct zpdesc *curr_zpdesc, *zpdesc;
1771 
1772 	/*
1773 	 * Pages we haven't locked yet can be migrated off the list while we're
1774 	 * trying to lock them, so we need to be careful and only attempt to
1775 	 * lock each page under zspage_read_lock(). Otherwise, the page we lock
1776 	 * may no longer belong to the zspage. This means that we may wait for
1777 	 * the wrong page to unlock, so we must take a reference to the page
1778 	 * prior to waiting for it to unlock outside zspage_read_lock().
1779 	 */
1780 	while (1) {
1781 		zspage_read_lock(zspage);
1782 		zpdesc = get_first_zpdesc(zspage);
1783 		if (zpdesc_trylock(zpdesc))
1784 			break;
1785 		zpdesc_get(zpdesc);
1786 		zspage_read_unlock(zspage);
1787 		zpdesc_wait_locked(zpdesc);
1788 		zpdesc_put(zpdesc);
1789 	}
1790 
1791 	curr_zpdesc = zpdesc;
1792 	while ((zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(curr_zpdesc))) {
1793 		if (zpdesc_trylock(zpdesc)) {
1794 			curr_zpdesc = zpdesc;
1795 		} else {
1796 			zpdesc_get(zpdesc);
1797 			zspage_read_unlock(zspage);
1798 			zpdesc_wait_locked(zpdesc);
1799 			zpdesc_put(zpdesc);
1800 			zspage_read_lock(zspage);
1801 		}
1802 	}
1803 	zspage_read_unlock(zspage);
1804 }
1805 
1806 static void replace_sub_page(struct size_class *class, struct zspage *zspage,
1807 				struct zpdesc *newzpdesc, struct zpdesc *oldzpdesc)
1808 {
1809 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc;
1810 	struct zpdesc *zpdescs[ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE] = {NULL, };
1811 	unsigned int first_obj_offset;
1812 	int idx = 0;
1813 
1814 	zpdesc = get_first_zpdesc(zspage);
1815 	do {
1816 		if (zpdesc == oldzpdesc)
1817 			zpdescs[idx] = newzpdesc;
1818 		else
1819 			zpdescs[idx] = zpdesc;
1820 		idx++;
1821 	} while ((zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(zpdesc)) != NULL);
1822 
1823 	create_page_chain(class, zspage, zpdescs);
1824 	first_obj_offset = get_first_obj_offset(oldzpdesc);
1825 	set_first_obj_offset(newzpdesc, first_obj_offset);
1826 	if (unlikely(ZsHugePage(zspage)))
1827 		newzpdesc->handle = oldzpdesc->handle;
1828 	__zpdesc_set_movable(newzpdesc);
1829 }
1830 
1831 static bool zs_page_isolate(struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode)
1832 {
1833 	/*
1834 	 * Page is locked so zspage can't be destroyed concurrently
1835 	 * (see free_zspage()). But if the page was already destroyed
1836 	 * (see reset_zpdesc()), refuse isolation here.
1837 	 */
1838 	return page_zpdesc(page)->zspage;
1839 }
1840 
1841 static int zs_page_migrate(struct page *newpage, struct page *page,
1842 		enum migrate_mode mode)
1843 {
1844 	struct zs_pool *pool;
1845 	struct size_class *class;
1846 	struct zspage *zspage;
1847 	struct zpdesc *dummy;
1848 	struct zpdesc *newzpdesc = page_zpdesc(newpage);
1849 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc = page_zpdesc(page);
1850 	void *s_addr, *d_addr, *addr;
1851 	unsigned int offset;
1852 	unsigned long handle;
1853 	unsigned long old_obj, new_obj;
1854 	unsigned int obj_idx;
1855 
1856 	/*
1857 	 * TODO: nothing prevents a zspage from getting destroyed while
1858 	 * it is isolated for migration, as the page lock is temporarily
1859 	 * dropped after zs_page_isolate() succeeded: we should rework that
1860 	 * and defer destroying such pages once they are un-isolated (putback)
1861 	 * instead.
1862 	 */
1863 	if (!zpdesc->zspage)
1864 		return 0;
1865 
1866 	/* The page is locked, so this pointer must remain valid */
1867 	zspage = get_zspage(zpdesc);
1868 	pool = zspage->pool;
1869 
1870 	/*
1871 	 * The pool migrate_lock protects against races between zpage migration
1872 	 * and zs_free(), but only when ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS does not apply.
1873 	 */
1874 	write_lock(&pool->lock);
1875 	class = zspage_class(pool, zspage);
1876 
1877 	/*
1878 	 * the class lock protects zpage alloc/free in the zspage.
1879 	 */
1880 	spin_lock(&class->lock);
1881 	/* the zspage write_lock protects zpage access via zs_obj_read/write() */
1882 	if (!zspage_write_trylock(zspage)) {
1883 		spin_unlock(&class->lock);
1884 		write_unlock(&pool->lock);
1885 		/*
1886 		 * Return -EBUSY but not -EAGAIN: the zspage's reader-lock
1887 		 * owner may hold the lock for an unbounded duration due to a
1888 		 * slow decompression or reader-lock owner preemption.
1889 		 * Since migration retries are bounded by
1890 		 * NR_MAX_MIGRATE_PAGES_RETRY and performed with virtually no
1891 		 * delay between attempts, there is no guarantee the lock will
1892 		 * be released in time for a retry to succeed.
1893 		 * -EAGAIN implies "try again soon", which does not hold here.
1894 		 * -EBUSY more accurately conveys "resource is occupied,
1895 		 * migration cannot proceed".
1896 		 */
1897 		return -EBUSY;
1898 	}
1899 
1900 	/* We're committed, tell the world that this is a Zsmalloc page. */
1901 	__zpdesc_set_zsmalloc(newzpdesc);
1902 
1903 	offset = get_first_obj_offset(zpdesc);
1904 	s_addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1905 
1906 	/*
1907 	 * Here, any user cannot access all objects in the zspage so let's move.
1908 	 */
1909 	d_addr = kmap_local_zpdesc(newzpdesc);
1910 	copy_page(d_addr, s_addr);
1911 	kmsan_copy_page_meta(zpdesc_page(newzpdesc), zpdesc_page(zpdesc));
1912 	kunmap_local(d_addr);
1913 
1914 	for (addr = s_addr + offset; addr < s_addr + PAGE_SIZE;
1915 					addr += class->size) {
1916 		if (obj_allocated(zpdesc, addr, &handle)) {
1917 
1918 			old_obj = handle_to_obj(handle);
1919 			obj_to_location(old_obj, &dummy, &obj_idx);
1920 			new_obj = location_to_obj(newzpdesc, obj_idx,
1921 						  obj_to_class_idx(old_obj));
1922 			record_obj(handle, new_obj);
1923 		}
1924 	}
1925 	kunmap_local(s_addr);
1926 
1927 	replace_sub_page(class, zspage, newzpdesc, zpdesc);
1928 	/*
1929 	 * Since we complete the data copy and set up new zspage structure,
1930 	 * it's okay to release migration_lock.
1931 	 */
1932 	zspage_write_unlock(zspage);
1933 	spin_unlock(&class->lock);
1934 	write_unlock(&pool->lock);
1935 
1936 	zpdesc_get(newzpdesc);
1937 	if (zpdesc_zone(newzpdesc) != zpdesc_zone(zpdesc)) {
1938 		zpdesc_dec_zone_page_state(zpdesc);
1939 		zpdesc_inc_zone_page_state(newzpdesc);
1940 	}
1941 
1942 	reset_zpdesc(zpdesc);
1943 	zpdesc_put(zpdesc);
1944 
1945 	return 0;
1946 }
1947 
1948 static void zs_page_putback(struct page *page)
1949 {
1950 }
1951 
1952 const struct movable_operations zsmalloc_mops = {
1953 	.isolate_page = zs_page_isolate,
1954 	.migrate_page = zs_page_migrate,
1955 	.putback_page = zs_page_putback,
1956 };
1957 
1958 /*
1959  * Caller should hold page_lock of all pages in the zspage
1960  * In here, we cannot use zspage meta data.
1961  */
1962 static void async_free_zspage(struct work_struct *work)
1963 {
1964 	int i;
1965 	struct size_class *class;
1966 	struct zspage *zspage, *tmp;
1967 	LIST_HEAD(free_pages);
1968 	struct zs_pool *pool = container_of(work, struct zs_pool,
1969 					free_work);
1970 
1971 	for (i = 0; i < ZS_SIZE_CLASSES; i++) {
1972 		class = pool->size_class[i];
1973 		if (class->index != i)
1974 			continue;
1975 
1976 		spin_lock(&class->lock);
1977 		list_splice_init(&class->fullness_list[ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0],
1978 				 &free_pages);
1979 		spin_unlock(&class->lock);
1980 	}
1981 
1982 	list_for_each_entry_safe(zspage, tmp, &free_pages, list) {
1983 		list_del(&zspage->list);
1984 		lock_zspage(zspage);
1985 
1986 		class = zspage_class(pool, zspage);
1987 		spin_lock(&class->lock);
1988 		class_stat_sub(class, ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0, 1);
1989 		__free_zspage(pool, class, zspage);
1990 		spin_unlock(&class->lock);
1991 	}
1992 };
1993 
1994 static void kick_deferred_free(struct zs_pool *pool)
1995 {
1996 	schedule_work(&pool->free_work);
1997 }
1998 
1999 static void zs_flush_migration(struct zs_pool *pool)
2000 {
2001 	flush_work(&pool->free_work);
2002 }
2003 
2004 static void init_deferred_free(struct zs_pool *pool)
2005 {
2006 	INIT_WORK(&pool->free_work, async_free_zspage);
2007 }
2008 
2009 static void SetZsPageMovable(struct zs_pool *pool, struct zspage *zspage)
2010 {
2011 	struct zpdesc *zpdesc = get_first_zpdesc(zspage);
2012 
2013 	do {
2014 		WARN_ON(!zpdesc_trylock(zpdesc));
2015 		__zpdesc_set_movable(zpdesc);
2016 		zpdesc_unlock(zpdesc);
2017 	} while ((zpdesc = get_next_zpdesc(zpdesc)) != NULL);
2018 }
2019 #else
2020 static inline void zs_flush_migration(struct zs_pool *pool) { }
2021 #endif
2022 
2023 /*
2024  *
2025  * Based on the number of unused allocated objects calculate
2026  * and return the number of pages that we can free.
2027  */
2028 static unsigned long zs_can_compact(struct size_class *class)
2029 {
2030 	unsigned long obj_wasted;
2031 	unsigned long obj_allocated = class_stat_read(class, ZS_OBJS_ALLOCATED);
2032 	unsigned long obj_used = class_stat_read(class, ZS_OBJS_INUSE);
2033 
2034 	if (obj_allocated <= obj_used)
2035 		return 0;
2036 
2037 	obj_wasted = obj_allocated - obj_used;
2038 	obj_wasted /= class->objs_per_zspage;
2039 
2040 	return obj_wasted * class->pages_per_zspage;
2041 }
2042 
2043 static unsigned long __zs_compact(struct zs_pool *pool,
2044 				  struct size_class *class)
2045 {
2046 	struct zspage *src_zspage = NULL;
2047 	struct zspage *dst_zspage = NULL;
2048 	unsigned long pages_freed = 0;
2049 
2050 	/*
2051 	 * Protect against races between zpage migration and zs_free()
2052 	 * (only when ZS_OBJ_CLASS_BITS does not apply), as well as
2053 	 * zpage allocation and free.
2054 	 */
2055 	write_lock(&pool->lock);
2056 	spin_lock(&class->lock);
2057 	while (zs_can_compact(class)) {
2058 		int fg;
2059 
2060 		if (!dst_zspage) {
2061 			dst_zspage = isolate_dst_zspage(class);
2062 			if (!dst_zspage)
2063 				break;
2064 		}
2065 
2066 		src_zspage = isolate_src_zspage(class);
2067 		if (!src_zspage)
2068 			break;
2069 
2070 		if (!zspage_write_trylock(src_zspage))
2071 			break;
2072 
2073 		migrate_zspage(pool, src_zspage, dst_zspage);
2074 		zspage_write_unlock(src_zspage);
2075 
2076 		fg = putback_zspage(class, src_zspage);
2077 		if (fg == ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0) {
2078 			free_zspage(pool, class, src_zspage);
2079 			pages_freed += class->pages_per_zspage;
2080 		}
2081 		src_zspage = NULL;
2082 
2083 		if (get_fullness_group(class, dst_zspage) == ZS_INUSE_RATIO_100
2084 		    || rwlock_is_contended(&pool->lock)) {
2085 			putback_zspage(class, dst_zspage);
2086 			dst_zspage = NULL;
2087 
2088 			spin_unlock(&class->lock);
2089 			write_unlock(&pool->lock);
2090 			cond_resched();
2091 			write_lock(&pool->lock);
2092 			spin_lock(&class->lock);
2093 		}
2094 	}
2095 
2096 	if (src_zspage)
2097 		putback_zspage(class, src_zspage);
2098 
2099 	if (dst_zspage)
2100 		putback_zspage(class, dst_zspage);
2101 
2102 	spin_unlock(&class->lock);
2103 	write_unlock(&pool->lock);
2104 
2105 	return pages_freed;
2106 }
2107 
2108 unsigned long zs_compact(struct zs_pool *pool)
2109 {
2110 	int i;
2111 	struct size_class *class;
2112 	unsigned long pages_freed = 0;
2113 
2114 	/*
2115 	 * Pool compaction is performed under pool->lock so it is basically
2116 	 * single-threaded. Having more than one thread in __zs_compact()
2117 	 * will increase pool->lock contention, which will impact other
2118 	 * zsmalloc operations that need pool->lock.
2119 	 */
2120 	if (atomic_xchg(&pool->compaction_in_progress, 1))
2121 		return 0;
2122 
2123 	for (i = ZS_SIZE_CLASSES - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2124 		class = pool->size_class[i];
2125 		if (class->index != i)
2126 			continue;
2127 		pages_freed += __zs_compact(pool, class);
2128 	}
2129 	atomic_long_add(pages_freed, &pool->stats.pages_compacted);
2130 	atomic_set(&pool->compaction_in_progress, 0);
2131 
2132 	return pages_freed;
2133 }
2134 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_compact);
2135 
2136 void zs_pool_stats(struct zs_pool *pool, struct zs_pool_stats *stats)
2137 {
2138 	memcpy(stats, &pool->stats, sizeof(struct zs_pool_stats));
2139 }
2140 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_pool_stats);
2141 
2142 static unsigned long zs_shrinker_scan(struct shrinker *shrinker,
2143 		struct shrink_control *sc)
2144 {
2145 	unsigned long pages_freed;
2146 	struct zs_pool *pool = shrinker->private_data;
2147 
2148 	/*
2149 	 * Compact classes and calculate compaction delta.
2150 	 * Can run concurrently with a manually triggered
2151 	 * (by user) compaction.
2152 	 */
2153 	pages_freed = zs_compact(pool);
2154 
2155 	return pages_freed ? pages_freed : SHRINK_STOP;
2156 }
2157 
2158 static unsigned long zs_shrinker_count(struct shrinker *shrinker,
2159 		struct shrink_control *sc)
2160 {
2161 	int i;
2162 	struct size_class *class;
2163 	unsigned long pages_to_free = 0;
2164 	struct zs_pool *pool = shrinker->private_data;
2165 
2166 	for (i = ZS_SIZE_CLASSES - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2167 		class = pool->size_class[i];
2168 		if (class->index != i)
2169 			continue;
2170 
2171 		pages_to_free += zs_can_compact(class);
2172 	}
2173 
2174 	return pages_to_free;
2175 }
2176 
2177 static void zs_unregister_shrinker(struct zs_pool *pool)
2178 {
2179 	shrinker_free(pool->shrinker);
2180 }
2181 
2182 static int zs_register_shrinker(struct zs_pool *pool)
2183 {
2184 	pool->shrinker = shrinker_alloc(0, "mm-zspool:%s", pool->name);
2185 	if (!pool->shrinker)
2186 		return -ENOMEM;
2187 
2188 	pool->shrinker->scan_objects = zs_shrinker_scan;
2189 	pool->shrinker->count_objects = zs_shrinker_count;
2190 	pool->shrinker->batch = 0;
2191 	pool->shrinker->private_data = pool;
2192 
2193 	shrinker_register(pool->shrinker);
2194 
2195 	return 0;
2196 }
2197 
2198 static int calculate_zspage_chain_size(int class_size)
2199 {
2200 	int i, min_waste = INT_MAX;
2201 	int chain_size = 1;
2202 
2203 	if (is_power_of_2(class_size))
2204 		return chain_size;
2205 
2206 	for (i = 1; i <= ZS_MAX_PAGES_PER_ZSPAGE; i++) {
2207 		int waste;
2208 
2209 		waste = (i * PAGE_SIZE) % class_size;
2210 		if (waste < min_waste) {
2211 			min_waste = waste;
2212 			chain_size = i;
2213 		}
2214 	}
2215 
2216 	return chain_size;
2217 }
2218 
2219 /**
2220  * zs_create_pool - Creates an allocation pool to work from.
2221  * @name: pool name to be created
2222  *
2223  * This function must be called before anything when using
2224  * the zsmalloc allocator.
2225  *
2226  * On success, a pointer to the newly created pool is returned,
2227  * otherwise NULL.
2228  */
2229 struct zs_pool *zs_create_pool(const char *name)
2230 {
2231 	int i;
2232 	struct zs_pool *pool;
2233 	struct size_class *prev_class = NULL;
2234 
2235 	pool = kzalloc_obj(*pool);
2236 	if (!pool)
2237 		return NULL;
2238 
2239 	init_deferred_free(pool);
2240 	rwlock_init(&pool->lock);
2241 	atomic_set(&pool->compaction_in_progress, 0);
2242 
2243 	pool->name = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
2244 	if (!pool->name)
2245 		goto err;
2246 
2247 	/*
2248 	 * Iterate reversely, because, size of size_class that we want to use
2249 	 * for merging should be larger or equal to current size.
2250 	 */
2251 	for (i = ZS_SIZE_CLASSES - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2252 		int size;
2253 		int pages_per_zspage;
2254 		int objs_per_zspage;
2255 		struct size_class *class;
2256 		int fullness;
2257 
2258 		size = ZS_MIN_ALLOC_SIZE + i * ZS_SIZE_CLASS_DELTA;
2259 		if (size > ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE)
2260 			size = ZS_MAX_ALLOC_SIZE;
2261 		pages_per_zspage = calculate_zspage_chain_size(size);
2262 		objs_per_zspage = pages_per_zspage * PAGE_SIZE / size;
2263 
2264 		/*
2265 		 * We iterate from biggest down to smallest classes,
2266 		 * so huge_class_size holds the size of the first huge
2267 		 * class. Any object bigger than or equal to that will
2268 		 * endup in the huge class.
2269 		 */
2270 		if (pages_per_zspage != 1 && objs_per_zspage != 1 &&
2271 				!huge_class_size) {
2272 			huge_class_size = size;
2273 			/*
2274 			 * The object uses ZS_HANDLE_SIZE bytes to store the
2275 			 * handle. We need to subtract it, because zs_malloc()
2276 			 * unconditionally adds handle size before it performs
2277 			 * size class search - so object may be smaller than
2278 			 * huge class size, yet it still can end up in the huge
2279 			 * class because it grows by ZS_HANDLE_SIZE extra bytes
2280 			 * right before class lookup.
2281 			 */
2282 			huge_class_size -= (ZS_HANDLE_SIZE - 1);
2283 		}
2284 
2285 		/*
2286 		 * size_class is used for normal zsmalloc operation such
2287 		 * as alloc/free for that size. Although it is natural that we
2288 		 * have one size_class for each size, there is a chance that we
2289 		 * can get more memory utilization if we use one size_class for
2290 		 * many different sizes whose size_class have same
2291 		 * characteristics. So, we makes size_class point to
2292 		 * previous size_class if possible.
2293 		 */
2294 		if (prev_class) {
2295 			if (can_merge(prev_class, pages_per_zspage, objs_per_zspage)) {
2296 				pool->size_class[i] = prev_class;
2297 				continue;
2298 			}
2299 		}
2300 
2301 		class = kzalloc_obj(struct size_class);
2302 		if (!class)
2303 			goto err;
2304 
2305 		class->size = size;
2306 		class->index = i;
2307 		class->pages_per_zspage = pages_per_zspage;
2308 		class->objs_per_zspage = objs_per_zspage;
2309 		spin_lock_init(&class->lock);
2310 		pool->size_class[i] = class;
2311 
2312 		fullness = ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0;
2313 		while (fullness < NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS) {
2314 			INIT_LIST_HEAD(&class->fullness_list[fullness]);
2315 			fullness++;
2316 		}
2317 
2318 		prev_class = class;
2319 	}
2320 
2321 	/* debug only, don't abort if it fails */
2322 	zs_pool_stat_create(pool, name);
2323 
2324 	/*
2325 	 * Not critical since shrinker is only used to trigger internal
2326 	 * defragmentation of the pool which is pretty optional thing.  If
2327 	 * registration fails we still can use the pool normally and user can
2328 	 * trigger compaction manually. Thus, ignore return code.
2329 	 */
2330 	zs_register_shrinker(pool);
2331 
2332 	return pool;
2333 
2334 err:
2335 	zs_destroy_pool(pool);
2336 	return NULL;
2337 }
2338 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_create_pool);
2339 
2340 void zs_destroy_pool(struct zs_pool *pool)
2341 {
2342 	int i;
2343 
2344 	zs_unregister_shrinker(pool);
2345 	zs_flush_migration(pool);
2346 	zs_pool_stat_destroy(pool);
2347 
2348 	for (i = 0; i < ZS_SIZE_CLASSES; i++) {
2349 		int fg;
2350 		struct size_class *class = pool->size_class[i];
2351 
2352 		if (!class)
2353 			continue;
2354 
2355 		if (class->index != i)
2356 			continue;
2357 
2358 		for (fg = ZS_INUSE_RATIO_0; fg < NR_FULLNESS_GROUPS; fg++) {
2359 			if (list_empty(&class->fullness_list[fg]))
2360 				continue;
2361 
2362 			pr_err("Class-%d fullness group %d is not empty\n",
2363 			       class->size, fg);
2364 		}
2365 		kfree(class);
2366 	}
2367 
2368 	kfree(pool->name);
2369 	kfree(pool);
2370 }
2371 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zs_destroy_pool);
2372 
2373 static void zs_destroy_caches(void)
2374 {
2375 	kmem_cache_destroy(handle_cachep);
2376 	handle_cachep = NULL;
2377 	kmem_cache_destroy(zspage_cachep);
2378 	zspage_cachep = NULL;
2379 }
2380 
2381 static int __init zs_init_caches(void)
2382 {
2383 	handle_cachep = kmem_cache_create("zs_handle", ZS_HANDLE_SIZE,
2384 					  0, 0, NULL);
2385 	zspage_cachep = kmem_cache_create("zspage", sizeof(struct zspage),
2386 					  0, 0, NULL);
2387 
2388 	if (!handle_cachep || !zspage_cachep) {
2389 		zs_destroy_caches();
2390 		return -ENOMEM;
2391 	}
2392 	return 0;
2393 }
2394 
2395 static int __init zs_init(void)
2396 {
2397 	int rc;
2398 
2399 	rc = zs_init_caches();
2400 	if (rc)
2401 		return rc;
2402 
2403 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
2404 	rc = set_movable_ops(&zsmalloc_mops, PGTY_zsmalloc);
2405 	if (rc) {
2406 		zs_destroy_caches();
2407 		return rc;
2408 	}
2409 #endif
2410 	zs_stat_init();
2411 	return 0;
2412 }
2413 
2414 static void __exit zs_exit(void)
2415 {
2416 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
2417 	set_movable_ops(NULL, PGTY_zsmalloc);
2418 #endif
2419 	zs_stat_exit();
2420 	zs_destroy_caches();
2421 }
2422 
2423 module_init(zs_init);
2424 module_exit(zs_exit);
2425 
2426 MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
2427 MODULE_AUTHOR("Nitin Gupta <ngupta@vflare.org>");
2428 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("zsmalloc memory allocator");
2429