1 /* 2 * linux/mm/vmstat.c 3 * 4 * Manages VM statistics 5 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds 6 * 7 * zoned VM statistics 8 * Copyright (C) 2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc., 9 * Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com> 10 */ 11 12 #include <linux/config.h> 13 #include <linux/mm.h> 14 #include <linux/module.h> 15 #include <linux/cpu.h> 16 17 void __get_zone_counts(unsigned long *active, unsigned long *inactive, 18 unsigned long *free, struct pglist_data *pgdat) 19 { 20 struct zone *zones = pgdat->node_zones; 21 int i; 22 23 *active = 0; 24 *inactive = 0; 25 *free = 0; 26 for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++) { 27 *active += zones[i].nr_active; 28 *inactive += zones[i].nr_inactive; 29 *free += zones[i].free_pages; 30 } 31 } 32 33 void get_zone_counts(unsigned long *active, 34 unsigned long *inactive, unsigned long *free) 35 { 36 struct pglist_data *pgdat; 37 38 *active = 0; 39 *inactive = 0; 40 *free = 0; 41 for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat) { 42 unsigned long l, m, n; 43 __get_zone_counts(&l, &m, &n, pgdat); 44 *active += l; 45 *inactive += m; 46 *free += n; 47 } 48 } 49 50 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS 51 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_event_state, vm_event_states) = {{0}}; 52 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(vm_event_states); 53 54 static void sum_vm_events(unsigned long *ret, cpumask_t *cpumask) 55 { 56 int cpu = 0; 57 int i; 58 59 memset(ret, 0, NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long)); 60 61 cpu = first_cpu(*cpumask); 62 while (cpu < NR_CPUS) { 63 struct vm_event_state *this = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu); 64 65 cpu = next_cpu(cpu, *cpumask); 66 67 if (cpu < NR_CPUS) 68 prefetch(&per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu)); 69 70 71 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++) 72 ret[i] += this->event[i]; 73 } 74 } 75 76 /* 77 * Accumulate the vm event counters across all CPUs. 78 * The result is unavoidably approximate - it can change 79 * during and after execution of this function. 80 */ 81 void all_vm_events(unsigned long *ret) 82 { 83 sum_vm_events(ret, &cpu_online_map); 84 } 85 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(all_vm_events); 86 87 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG 88 /* 89 * Fold the foreign cpu events into our own. 90 * 91 * This is adding to the events on one processor 92 * but keeps the global counts constant. 93 */ 94 void vm_events_fold_cpu(int cpu) 95 { 96 struct vm_event_state *fold_state = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu); 97 int i; 98 99 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++) { 100 count_vm_events(i, fold_state->event[i]); 101 fold_state->event[i] = 0; 102 } 103 } 104 #endif /* CONFIG_HOTPLUG */ 105 106 #endif /* CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS */ 107 108 /* 109 * Manage combined zone based / global counters 110 * 111 * vm_stat contains the global counters 112 */ 113 atomic_long_t vm_stat[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS]; 114 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_stat); 115 116 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP 117 118 static int calculate_threshold(struct zone *zone) 119 { 120 int threshold; 121 int mem; /* memory in 128 MB units */ 122 123 /* 124 * The threshold scales with the number of processors and the amount 125 * of memory per zone. More memory means that we can defer updates for 126 * longer, more processors could lead to more contention. 127 * fls() is used to have a cheap way of logarithmic scaling. 128 * 129 * Some sample thresholds: 130 * 131 * Threshold Processors (fls) Zonesize fls(mem+1) 132 * ------------------------------------------------------------------ 133 * 8 1 1 0.9-1 GB 4 134 * 16 2 2 0.9-1 GB 4 135 * 20 2 2 1-2 GB 5 136 * 24 2 2 2-4 GB 6 137 * 28 2 2 4-8 GB 7 138 * 32 2 2 8-16 GB 8 139 * 4 2 2 <128M 1 140 * 30 4 3 2-4 GB 5 141 * 48 4 3 8-16 GB 8 142 * 32 8 4 1-2 GB 4 143 * 32 8 4 0.9-1GB 4 144 * 10 16 5 <128M 1 145 * 40 16 5 900M 4 146 * 70 64 7 2-4 GB 5 147 * 84 64 7 4-8 GB 6 148 * 108 512 9 4-8 GB 6 149 * 125 1024 10 8-16 GB 8 150 * 125 1024 10 16-32 GB 9 151 */ 152 153 mem = zone->present_pages >> (27 - PAGE_SHIFT); 154 155 threshold = 2 * fls(num_online_cpus()) * (1 + fls(mem)); 156 157 /* 158 * Maximum threshold is 125 159 */ 160 threshold = min(125, threshold); 161 162 return threshold; 163 } 164 165 /* 166 * Refresh the thresholds for each zone. 167 */ 168 static void refresh_zone_stat_thresholds(void) 169 { 170 struct zone *zone; 171 int cpu; 172 int threshold; 173 174 for_each_zone(zone) { 175 176 if (!zone->present_pages) 177 continue; 178 179 threshold = calculate_threshold(zone); 180 181 for_each_online_cpu(cpu) 182 zone_pcp(zone, cpu)->stat_threshold = threshold; 183 } 184 } 185 186 /* 187 * For use when we know that interrupts are disabled. 188 */ 189 void __mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item, 190 int delta) 191 { 192 struct per_cpu_pageset *pcp = zone_pcp(zone, smp_processor_id()); 193 s8 *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item; 194 long x; 195 196 x = delta + *p; 197 198 if (unlikely(x > pcp->stat_threshold || x < -pcp->stat_threshold)) { 199 zone_page_state_add(x, zone, item); 200 x = 0; 201 } 202 *p = x; 203 } 204 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mod_zone_page_state); 205 206 /* 207 * For an unknown interrupt state 208 */ 209 void mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item, 210 int delta) 211 { 212 unsigned long flags; 213 214 local_irq_save(flags); 215 __mod_zone_page_state(zone, item, delta); 216 local_irq_restore(flags); 217 } 218 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_zone_page_state); 219 220 /* 221 * Optimized increment and decrement functions. 222 * 223 * These are only for a single page and therefore can take a struct page * 224 * argument instead of struct zone *. This allows the inclusion of the code 225 * generated for page_zone(page) into the optimized functions. 226 * 227 * No overflow check is necessary and therefore the differential can be 228 * incremented or decremented in place which may allow the compilers to 229 * generate better code. 230 * The increment or decrement is known and therefore one boundary check can 231 * be omitted. 232 * 233 * NOTE: These functions are very performance sensitive. Change only 234 * with care. 235 * 236 * Some processors have inc/dec instructions that are atomic vs an interrupt. 237 * However, the code must first determine the differential location in a zone 238 * based on the processor number and then inc/dec the counter. There is no 239 * guarantee without disabling preemption that the processor will not change 240 * in between and therefore the atomicity vs. interrupt cannot be exploited 241 * in a useful way here. 242 */ 243 static void __inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item) 244 { 245 struct per_cpu_pageset *pcp = zone_pcp(zone, smp_processor_id()); 246 s8 *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item; 247 248 (*p)++; 249 250 if (unlikely(*p > pcp->stat_threshold)) { 251 int overstep = pcp->stat_threshold / 2; 252 253 zone_page_state_add(*p + overstep, zone, item); 254 *p = -overstep; 255 } 256 } 257 258 void __inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item) 259 { 260 __inc_zone_state(page_zone(page), item); 261 } 262 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__inc_zone_page_state); 263 264 void __dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item) 265 { 266 struct zone *zone = page_zone(page); 267 struct per_cpu_pageset *pcp = zone_pcp(zone, smp_processor_id()); 268 s8 *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item; 269 270 (*p)--; 271 272 if (unlikely(*p < - pcp->stat_threshold)) { 273 int overstep = pcp->stat_threshold / 2; 274 275 zone_page_state_add(*p - overstep, zone, item); 276 *p = overstep; 277 } 278 } 279 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dec_zone_page_state); 280 281 void inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item) 282 { 283 unsigned long flags; 284 285 local_irq_save(flags); 286 __inc_zone_state(zone, item); 287 local_irq_restore(flags); 288 } 289 290 void inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item) 291 { 292 unsigned long flags; 293 struct zone *zone; 294 295 zone = page_zone(page); 296 local_irq_save(flags); 297 __inc_zone_state(zone, item); 298 local_irq_restore(flags); 299 } 300 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_zone_page_state); 301 302 void dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item) 303 { 304 unsigned long flags; 305 306 local_irq_save(flags); 307 __dec_zone_page_state(page, item); 308 local_irq_restore(flags); 309 } 310 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state); 311 312 /* 313 * Update the zone counters for one cpu. 314 */ 315 void refresh_cpu_vm_stats(int cpu) 316 { 317 struct zone *zone; 318 int i; 319 unsigned long flags; 320 321 for_each_zone(zone) { 322 struct per_cpu_pageset *pcp; 323 324 pcp = zone_pcp(zone, cpu); 325 326 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) 327 if (pcp->vm_stat_diff[i]) { 328 local_irq_save(flags); 329 zone_page_state_add(pcp->vm_stat_diff[i], 330 zone, i); 331 pcp->vm_stat_diff[i] = 0; 332 local_irq_restore(flags); 333 } 334 } 335 } 336 337 static void __refresh_cpu_vm_stats(void *dummy) 338 { 339 refresh_cpu_vm_stats(smp_processor_id()); 340 } 341 342 /* 343 * Consolidate all counters. 344 * 345 * Note that the result is less inaccurate but still inaccurate 346 * if concurrent processes are allowed to run. 347 */ 348 void refresh_vm_stats(void) 349 { 350 on_each_cpu(__refresh_cpu_vm_stats, NULL, 0, 1); 351 } 352 EXPORT_SYMBOL(refresh_vm_stats); 353 354 #endif 355 356 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA 357 /* 358 * zonelist = the list of zones passed to the allocator 359 * z = the zone from which the allocation occurred. 360 * 361 * Must be called with interrupts disabled. 362 */ 363 void zone_statistics(struct zonelist *zonelist, struct zone *z) 364 { 365 if (z->zone_pgdat == zonelist->zones[0]->zone_pgdat) { 366 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_HIT); 367 } else { 368 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_MISS); 369 __inc_zone_state(zonelist->zones[0], NUMA_FOREIGN); 370 } 371 if (z->zone_pgdat == NODE_DATA(numa_node_id())) 372 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_LOCAL); 373 else 374 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_OTHER); 375 } 376 #endif 377 378 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS 379 380 #include <linux/seq_file.h> 381 382 static void *frag_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos) 383 { 384 pg_data_t *pgdat; 385 loff_t node = *pos; 386 for (pgdat = first_online_pgdat(); 387 pgdat && node; 388 pgdat = next_online_pgdat(pgdat)) 389 --node; 390 391 return pgdat; 392 } 393 394 static void *frag_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos) 395 { 396 pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg; 397 398 (*pos)++; 399 return next_online_pgdat(pgdat); 400 } 401 402 static void frag_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg) 403 { 404 } 405 406 /* 407 * This walks the free areas for each zone. 408 */ 409 static int frag_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg) 410 { 411 pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg; 412 struct zone *zone; 413 struct zone *node_zones = pgdat->node_zones; 414 unsigned long flags; 415 int order; 416 417 for (zone = node_zones; zone - node_zones < MAX_NR_ZONES; ++zone) { 418 if (!populated_zone(zone)) 419 continue; 420 421 spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags); 422 seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name); 423 for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) 424 seq_printf(m, "%6lu ", zone->free_area[order].nr_free); 425 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags); 426 seq_putc(m, '\n'); 427 } 428 return 0; 429 } 430 431 struct seq_operations fragmentation_op = { 432 .start = frag_start, 433 .next = frag_next, 434 .stop = frag_stop, 435 .show = frag_show, 436 }; 437 438 static char *vmstat_text[] = { 439 /* Zoned VM counters */ 440 "nr_anon_pages", 441 "nr_mapped", 442 "nr_file_pages", 443 "nr_slab", 444 "nr_page_table_pages", 445 "nr_dirty", 446 "nr_writeback", 447 "nr_unstable", 448 "nr_bounce", 449 450 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA 451 "numa_hit", 452 "numa_miss", 453 "numa_foreign", 454 "numa_interleave", 455 "numa_local", 456 "numa_other", 457 #endif 458 459 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS 460 "pgpgin", 461 "pgpgout", 462 "pswpin", 463 "pswpout", 464 465 "pgalloc_dma", 466 "pgalloc_dma32", 467 "pgalloc_normal", 468 "pgalloc_high", 469 470 "pgfree", 471 "pgactivate", 472 "pgdeactivate", 473 474 "pgfault", 475 "pgmajfault", 476 477 "pgrefill_dma", 478 "pgrefill_dma32", 479 "pgrefill_normal", 480 "pgrefill_high", 481 482 "pgsteal_dma", 483 "pgsteal_dma32", 484 "pgsteal_normal", 485 "pgsteal_high", 486 487 "pgscan_kswapd_dma", 488 "pgscan_kswapd_dma32", 489 "pgscan_kswapd_normal", 490 "pgscan_kswapd_high", 491 492 "pgscan_direct_dma", 493 "pgscan_direct_dma32", 494 "pgscan_direct_normal", 495 "pgscan_direct_high", 496 497 "pginodesteal", 498 "slabs_scanned", 499 "kswapd_steal", 500 "kswapd_inodesteal", 501 "pageoutrun", 502 "allocstall", 503 504 "pgrotated", 505 #endif 506 }; 507 508 /* 509 * Output information about zones in @pgdat. 510 */ 511 static int zoneinfo_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg) 512 { 513 pg_data_t *pgdat = arg; 514 struct zone *zone; 515 struct zone *node_zones = pgdat->node_zones; 516 unsigned long flags; 517 518 for (zone = node_zones; zone - node_zones < MAX_NR_ZONES; zone++) { 519 int i; 520 521 if (!populated_zone(zone)) 522 continue; 523 524 spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags); 525 seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s", pgdat->node_id, zone->name); 526 seq_printf(m, 527 "\n pages free %lu" 528 "\n min %lu" 529 "\n low %lu" 530 "\n high %lu" 531 "\n active %lu" 532 "\n inactive %lu" 533 "\n scanned %lu (a: %lu i: %lu)" 534 "\n spanned %lu" 535 "\n present %lu", 536 zone->free_pages, 537 zone->pages_min, 538 zone->pages_low, 539 zone->pages_high, 540 zone->nr_active, 541 zone->nr_inactive, 542 zone->pages_scanned, 543 zone->nr_scan_active, zone->nr_scan_inactive, 544 zone->spanned_pages, 545 zone->present_pages); 546 547 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) 548 seq_printf(m, "\n %-12s %lu", vmstat_text[i], 549 zone_page_state(zone, i)); 550 551 seq_printf(m, 552 "\n protection: (%lu", 553 zone->lowmem_reserve[0]); 554 for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(zone->lowmem_reserve); i++) 555 seq_printf(m, ", %lu", zone->lowmem_reserve[i]); 556 seq_printf(m, 557 ")" 558 "\n pagesets"); 559 for_each_online_cpu(i) { 560 struct per_cpu_pageset *pageset; 561 int j; 562 563 pageset = zone_pcp(zone, i); 564 for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(pageset->pcp); j++) { 565 if (pageset->pcp[j].count) 566 break; 567 } 568 if (j == ARRAY_SIZE(pageset->pcp)) 569 continue; 570 for (j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(pageset->pcp); j++) { 571 seq_printf(m, 572 "\n cpu: %i pcp: %i" 573 "\n count: %i" 574 "\n high: %i" 575 "\n batch: %i", 576 i, j, 577 pageset->pcp[j].count, 578 pageset->pcp[j].high, 579 pageset->pcp[j].batch); 580 } 581 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP 582 seq_printf(m, "\n vm stats threshold: %d", 583 pageset->stat_threshold); 584 #endif 585 } 586 seq_printf(m, 587 "\n all_unreclaimable: %u" 588 "\n prev_priority: %i" 589 "\n temp_priority: %i" 590 "\n start_pfn: %lu", 591 zone->all_unreclaimable, 592 zone->prev_priority, 593 zone->temp_priority, 594 zone->zone_start_pfn); 595 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags); 596 seq_putc(m, '\n'); 597 } 598 return 0; 599 } 600 601 struct seq_operations zoneinfo_op = { 602 .start = frag_start, /* iterate over all zones. The same as in 603 * fragmentation. */ 604 .next = frag_next, 605 .stop = frag_stop, 606 .show = zoneinfo_show, 607 }; 608 609 static void *vmstat_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos) 610 { 611 unsigned long *v; 612 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS 613 unsigned long *e; 614 #endif 615 int i; 616 617 if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text)) 618 return NULL; 619 620 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS 621 v = kmalloc(NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long) 622 + sizeof(struct vm_event_state), GFP_KERNEL); 623 #else 624 v = kmalloc(NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long), 625 GFP_KERNEL); 626 #endif 627 m->private = v; 628 if (!v) 629 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM); 630 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) 631 v[i] = global_page_state(i); 632 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS 633 e = v + NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; 634 all_vm_events(e); 635 e[PGPGIN] /= 2; /* sectors -> kbytes */ 636 e[PGPGOUT] /= 2; 637 #endif 638 return v + *pos; 639 } 640 641 static void *vmstat_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos) 642 { 643 (*pos)++; 644 if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text)) 645 return NULL; 646 return (unsigned long *)m->private + *pos; 647 } 648 649 static int vmstat_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg) 650 { 651 unsigned long *l = arg; 652 unsigned long off = l - (unsigned long *)m->private; 653 654 seq_printf(m, "%s %lu\n", vmstat_text[off], *l); 655 return 0; 656 } 657 658 static void vmstat_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg) 659 { 660 kfree(m->private); 661 m->private = NULL; 662 } 663 664 struct seq_operations vmstat_op = { 665 .start = vmstat_start, 666 .next = vmstat_next, 667 .stop = vmstat_stop, 668 .show = vmstat_show, 669 }; 670 671 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */ 672 673 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP 674 /* 675 * Use the cpu notifier to insure that the thresholds are recalculated 676 * when necessary. 677 */ 678 static int __cpuinit vmstat_cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb, 679 unsigned long action, 680 void *hcpu) 681 { 682 switch (action) { 683 case CPU_UP_PREPARE: 684 case CPU_UP_CANCELED: 685 case CPU_DEAD: 686 refresh_zone_stat_thresholds(); 687 break; 688 default: 689 break; 690 } 691 return NOTIFY_OK; 692 } 693 694 static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata vmstat_notifier = 695 { &vmstat_cpuup_callback, NULL, 0 }; 696 697 int __init setup_vmstat(void) 698 { 699 refresh_zone_stat_thresholds(); 700 register_cpu_notifier(&vmstat_notifier); 701 return 0; 702 } 703 module_init(setup_vmstat) 704 #endif 705