xref: /linux/mm/page_owner.c (revision daa121128a2d2ac6006159e2c47676e4fcd21eab)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
3 #include <linux/mm.h>
4 #include <linux/slab.h>
5 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
6 #include <linux/memblock.h>
7 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
8 #include <linux/page_owner.h>
9 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
10 #include <linux/migrate.h>
11 #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
12 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
13 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
14 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
15 
16 #include "internal.h"
17 
18 /*
19  * TODO: teach PAGE_OWNER_STACK_DEPTH (__dump_page_owner and save_stack)
20  * to use off stack temporal storage
21  */
22 #define PAGE_OWNER_STACK_DEPTH (16)
23 
24 struct page_owner {
25 	unsigned short order;
26 	short last_migrate_reason;
27 	gfp_t gfp_mask;
28 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
29 	depot_stack_handle_t free_handle;
30 	u64 ts_nsec;
31 	u64 free_ts_nsec;
32 	char comm[TASK_COMM_LEN];
33 	pid_t pid;
34 	pid_t tgid;
35 	pid_t free_pid;
36 	pid_t free_tgid;
37 };
38 
39 struct stack {
40 	struct stack_record *stack_record;
41 	struct stack *next;
42 };
43 static struct stack dummy_stack;
44 static struct stack failure_stack;
45 static struct stack *stack_list;
46 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(stack_list_lock);
47 
48 static bool page_owner_enabled __initdata;
49 DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_FALSE(page_owner_inited);
50 
51 static depot_stack_handle_t dummy_handle;
52 static depot_stack_handle_t failure_handle;
53 static depot_stack_handle_t early_handle;
54 
55 static void init_early_allocated_pages(void);
56 
57 static inline void set_current_in_page_owner(void)
58 {
59 	/*
60 	 * Avoid recursion.
61 	 *
62 	 * We might need to allocate more memory from page_owner code, so make
63 	 * sure to signal it in order to avoid recursion.
64 	 */
65 	current->in_page_owner = 1;
66 }
67 
68 static inline void unset_current_in_page_owner(void)
69 {
70 	current->in_page_owner = 0;
71 }
72 
73 static int __init early_page_owner_param(char *buf)
74 {
75 	int ret = kstrtobool(buf, &page_owner_enabled);
76 
77 	if (page_owner_enabled)
78 		stack_depot_request_early_init();
79 
80 	return ret;
81 }
82 early_param("page_owner", early_page_owner_param);
83 
84 static __init bool need_page_owner(void)
85 {
86 	return page_owner_enabled;
87 }
88 
89 static __always_inline depot_stack_handle_t create_dummy_stack(void)
90 {
91 	unsigned long entries[4];
92 	unsigned int nr_entries;
93 
94 	nr_entries = stack_trace_save(entries, ARRAY_SIZE(entries), 0);
95 	return stack_depot_save(entries, nr_entries, GFP_KERNEL);
96 }
97 
98 static noinline void register_dummy_stack(void)
99 {
100 	dummy_handle = create_dummy_stack();
101 }
102 
103 static noinline void register_failure_stack(void)
104 {
105 	failure_handle = create_dummy_stack();
106 }
107 
108 static noinline void register_early_stack(void)
109 {
110 	early_handle = create_dummy_stack();
111 }
112 
113 static __init void init_page_owner(void)
114 {
115 	if (!page_owner_enabled)
116 		return;
117 
118 	register_dummy_stack();
119 	register_failure_stack();
120 	register_early_stack();
121 	init_early_allocated_pages();
122 	/* Initialize dummy and failure stacks and link them to stack_list */
123 	dummy_stack.stack_record = __stack_depot_get_stack_record(dummy_handle);
124 	failure_stack.stack_record = __stack_depot_get_stack_record(failure_handle);
125 	if (dummy_stack.stack_record)
126 		refcount_set(&dummy_stack.stack_record->count, 1);
127 	if (failure_stack.stack_record)
128 		refcount_set(&failure_stack.stack_record->count, 1);
129 	dummy_stack.next = &failure_stack;
130 	stack_list = &dummy_stack;
131 	static_branch_enable(&page_owner_inited);
132 }
133 
134 struct page_ext_operations page_owner_ops = {
135 	.size = sizeof(struct page_owner),
136 	.need = need_page_owner,
137 	.init = init_page_owner,
138 	.need_shared_flags = true,
139 };
140 
141 static inline struct page_owner *get_page_owner(struct page_ext *page_ext)
142 {
143 	return page_ext_data(page_ext, &page_owner_ops);
144 }
145 
146 static noinline depot_stack_handle_t save_stack(gfp_t flags)
147 {
148 	unsigned long entries[PAGE_OWNER_STACK_DEPTH];
149 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
150 	unsigned int nr_entries;
151 
152 	if (current->in_page_owner)
153 		return dummy_handle;
154 
155 	set_current_in_page_owner();
156 	nr_entries = stack_trace_save(entries, ARRAY_SIZE(entries), 2);
157 	handle = stack_depot_save(entries, nr_entries, flags);
158 	if (!handle)
159 		handle = failure_handle;
160 	unset_current_in_page_owner();
161 
162 	return handle;
163 }
164 
165 static void add_stack_record_to_list(struct stack_record *stack_record,
166 				     gfp_t gfp_mask)
167 {
168 	unsigned long flags;
169 	struct stack *stack;
170 
171 	/* Filter gfp_mask the same way stackdepot does, for consistency */
172 	gfp_mask &= ~GFP_ZONEMASK;
173 	gfp_mask &= (GFP_ATOMIC | GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOLOCKDEP);
174 	gfp_mask |= __GFP_NOWARN;
175 
176 	set_current_in_page_owner();
177 	stack = kmalloc(sizeof(*stack), gfp_mask);
178 	if (!stack) {
179 		unset_current_in_page_owner();
180 		return;
181 	}
182 	unset_current_in_page_owner();
183 
184 	stack->stack_record = stack_record;
185 	stack->next = NULL;
186 
187 	spin_lock_irqsave(&stack_list_lock, flags);
188 	stack->next = stack_list;
189 	/*
190 	 * This pairs with smp_load_acquire() from function
191 	 * stack_start(). This guarantees that stack_start()
192 	 * will see an updated stack_list before starting to
193 	 * traverse the list.
194 	 */
195 	smp_store_release(&stack_list, stack);
196 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&stack_list_lock, flags);
197 }
198 
199 static void inc_stack_record_count(depot_stack_handle_t handle, gfp_t gfp_mask,
200 				   int nr_base_pages)
201 {
202 	struct stack_record *stack_record = __stack_depot_get_stack_record(handle);
203 
204 	if (!stack_record)
205 		return;
206 
207 	/*
208 	 * New stack_record's that do not use STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_GET start
209 	 * with REFCOUNT_SATURATED to catch spurious increments of their
210 	 * refcount.
211 	 * Since we do not use STACK_DEPOT_FLAG_GET API, let us
212 	 * set a refcount of 1 ourselves.
213 	 */
214 	if (refcount_read(&stack_record->count) == REFCOUNT_SATURATED) {
215 		int old = REFCOUNT_SATURATED;
216 
217 		if (atomic_try_cmpxchg_relaxed(&stack_record->count.refs, &old, 1))
218 			/* Add the new stack_record to our list */
219 			add_stack_record_to_list(stack_record, gfp_mask);
220 	}
221 	refcount_add(nr_base_pages, &stack_record->count);
222 }
223 
224 static void dec_stack_record_count(depot_stack_handle_t handle,
225 				   int nr_base_pages)
226 {
227 	struct stack_record *stack_record = __stack_depot_get_stack_record(handle);
228 
229 	if (!stack_record)
230 		return;
231 
232 	if (refcount_sub_and_test(nr_base_pages, &stack_record->count))
233 		pr_warn("%s: refcount went to 0 for %u handle\n", __func__,
234 			handle);
235 }
236 
237 static inline void __update_page_owner_handle(struct page_ext *page_ext,
238 					      depot_stack_handle_t handle,
239 					      unsigned short order,
240 					      gfp_t gfp_mask,
241 					      short last_migrate_reason, u64 ts_nsec,
242 					      pid_t pid, pid_t tgid, char *comm)
243 {
244 	int i;
245 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
246 
247 	for (i = 0; i < (1 << order); i++) {
248 		page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
249 		page_owner->handle = handle;
250 		page_owner->order = order;
251 		page_owner->gfp_mask = gfp_mask;
252 		page_owner->last_migrate_reason = last_migrate_reason;
253 		page_owner->pid = pid;
254 		page_owner->tgid = tgid;
255 		page_owner->ts_nsec = ts_nsec;
256 		strscpy(page_owner->comm, comm,
257 			sizeof(page_owner->comm));
258 		__set_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER, &page_ext->flags);
259 		__set_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER_ALLOCATED, &page_ext->flags);
260 		page_ext = page_ext_next(page_ext);
261 	}
262 }
263 
264 static inline void __update_page_owner_free_handle(struct page_ext *page_ext,
265 						   depot_stack_handle_t handle,
266 						   unsigned short order,
267 						   pid_t pid, pid_t tgid,
268 						   u64 free_ts_nsec)
269 {
270 	int i;
271 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
272 
273 	for (i = 0; i < (1 << order); i++) {
274 		page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
275 		/* Only __reset_page_owner() wants to clear the bit */
276 		if (handle) {
277 			__clear_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER_ALLOCATED, &page_ext->flags);
278 			page_owner->free_handle = handle;
279 		}
280 		page_owner->free_ts_nsec = free_ts_nsec;
281 		page_owner->free_pid = current->pid;
282 		page_owner->free_tgid = current->tgid;
283 		page_ext = page_ext_next(page_ext);
284 	}
285 }
286 
287 void __reset_page_owner(struct page *page, unsigned short order)
288 {
289 	struct page_ext *page_ext;
290 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
291 	depot_stack_handle_t alloc_handle;
292 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
293 	u64 free_ts_nsec = local_clock();
294 
295 	page_ext = page_ext_get(page);
296 	if (unlikely(!page_ext))
297 		return;
298 
299 	page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
300 	alloc_handle = page_owner->handle;
301 
302 	handle = save_stack(GFP_NOWAIT | __GFP_NOWARN);
303 	__update_page_owner_free_handle(page_ext, handle, order, current->pid,
304 					current->tgid, free_ts_nsec);
305 	page_ext_put(page_ext);
306 
307 	if (alloc_handle != early_handle)
308 		/*
309 		 * early_handle is being set as a handle for all those
310 		 * early allocated pages. See init_pages_in_zone().
311 		 * Since their refcount is not being incremented because
312 		 * the machinery is not ready yet, we cannot decrement
313 		 * their refcount either.
314 		 */
315 		dec_stack_record_count(alloc_handle, 1 << order);
316 }
317 
318 noinline void __set_page_owner(struct page *page, unsigned short order,
319 					gfp_t gfp_mask)
320 {
321 	struct page_ext *page_ext;
322 	u64 ts_nsec = local_clock();
323 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
324 
325 	handle = save_stack(gfp_mask);
326 
327 	page_ext = page_ext_get(page);
328 	if (unlikely(!page_ext))
329 		return;
330 	__update_page_owner_handle(page_ext, handle, order, gfp_mask, -1,
331 				   ts_nsec, current->pid, current->tgid,
332 				   current->comm);
333 	page_ext_put(page_ext);
334 	inc_stack_record_count(handle, gfp_mask, 1 << order);
335 }
336 
337 void __set_page_owner_migrate_reason(struct page *page, int reason)
338 {
339 	struct page_ext *page_ext = page_ext_get(page);
340 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
341 
342 	if (unlikely(!page_ext))
343 		return;
344 
345 	page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
346 	page_owner->last_migrate_reason = reason;
347 	page_ext_put(page_ext);
348 }
349 
350 void __split_page_owner(struct page *page, int old_order, int new_order)
351 {
352 	int i;
353 	struct page_ext *page_ext = page_ext_get(page);
354 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
355 
356 	if (unlikely(!page_ext))
357 		return;
358 
359 	for (i = 0; i < (1 << old_order); i++) {
360 		page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
361 		page_owner->order = new_order;
362 		page_ext = page_ext_next(page_ext);
363 	}
364 	page_ext_put(page_ext);
365 }
366 
367 void __folio_copy_owner(struct folio *newfolio, struct folio *old)
368 {
369 	int i;
370 	struct page_ext *old_ext;
371 	struct page_ext *new_ext;
372 	struct page_owner *old_page_owner;
373 	struct page_owner *new_page_owner;
374 	depot_stack_handle_t migrate_handle;
375 
376 	old_ext = page_ext_get(&old->page);
377 	if (unlikely(!old_ext))
378 		return;
379 
380 	new_ext = page_ext_get(&newfolio->page);
381 	if (unlikely(!new_ext)) {
382 		page_ext_put(old_ext);
383 		return;
384 	}
385 
386 	old_page_owner = get_page_owner(old_ext);
387 	new_page_owner = get_page_owner(new_ext);
388 	migrate_handle = new_page_owner->handle;
389 	__update_page_owner_handle(new_ext, old_page_owner->handle,
390 				   old_page_owner->order, old_page_owner->gfp_mask,
391 				   old_page_owner->last_migrate_reason,
392 				   old_page_owner->ts_nsec, old_page_owner->pid,
393 				   old_page_owner->tgid, old_page_owner->comm);
394 	/*
395 	 * Do not proactively clear PAGE_EXT_OWNER{_ALLOCATED} bits as the folio
396 	 * will be freed after migration. Keep them until then as they may be
397 	 * useful.
398 	 */
399 	__update_page_owner_free_handle(new_ext, 0, old_page_owner->order,
400 					old_page_owner->free_pid,
401 					old_page_owner->free_tgid,
402 					old_page_owner->free_ts_nsec);
403 	/*
404 	 * We linked the original stack to the new folio, we need to do the same
405 	 * for the new one and the old folio otherwise there will be an imbalance
406 	 * when subtracting those pages from the stack.
407 	 */
408 	for (i = 0; i < (1 << new_page_owner->order); i++) {
409 		old_page_owner->handle = migrate_handle;
410 		old_ext = page_ext_next(old_ext);
411 		old_page_owner = get_page_owner(old_ext);
412 	}
413 
414 	page_ext_put(new_ext);
415 	page_ext_put(old_ext);
416 }
417 
418 void pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount_print(struct seq_file *m,
419 				       pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
420 {
421 	struct page *page;
422 	struct page_ext *page_ext;
423 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
424 	unsigned long pfn, block_end_pfn;
425 	unsigned long end_pfn = zone_end_pfn(zone);
426 	unsigned long count[MIGRATE_TYPES] = { 0, };
427 	int pageblock_mt, page_mt;
428 	int i;
429 
430 	/* Scan block by block. First and last block may be incomplete */
431 	pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn;
432 
433 	/*
434 	 * Walk the zone in pageblock_nr_pages steps. If a page block spans
435 	 * a zone boundary, it will be double counted between zones. This does
436 	 * not matter as the mixed block count will still be correct
437 	 */
438 	for (; pfn < end_pfn; ) {
439 		page = pfn_to_online_page(pfn);
440 		if (!page) {
441 			pfn = ALIGN(pfn + 1, MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES);
442 			continue;
443 		}
444 
445 		block_end_pfn = pageblock_end_pfn(pfn);
446 		block_end_pfn = min(block_end_pfn, end_pfn);
447 
448 		pageblock_mt = get_pageblock_migratetype(page);
449 
450 		for (; pfn < block_end_pfn; pfn++) {
451 			/* The pageblock is online, no need to recheck. */
452 			page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
453 
454 			if (page_zone(page) != zone)
455 				continue;
456 
457 			if (PageBuddy(page)) {
458 				unsigned long freepage_order;
459 
460 				freepage_order = buddy_order_unsafe(page);
461 				if (freepage_order <= MAX_PAGE_ORDER)
462 					pfn += (1UL << freepage_order) - 1;
463 				continue;
464 			}
465 
466 			if (PageReserved(page))
467 				continue;
468 
469 			page_ext = page_ext_get(page);
470 			if (unlikely(!page_ext))
471 				continue;
472 
473 			if (!test_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER_ALLOCATED, &page_ext->flags))
474 				goto ext_put_continue;
475 
476 			page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
477 			page_mt = gfp_migratetype(page_owner->gfp_mask);
478 			if (pageblock_mt != page_mt) {
479 				if (is_migrate_cma(pageblock_mt))
480 					count[MIGRATE_MOVABLE]++;
481 				else
482 					count[pageblock_mt]++;
483 
484 				pfn = block_end_pfn;
485 				page_ext_put(page_ext);
486 				break;
487 			}
488 			pfn += (1UL << page_owner->order) - 1;
489 ext_put_continue:
490 			page_ext_put(page_ext);
491 		}
492 	}
493 
494 	/* Print counts */
495 	seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
496 	for (i = 0; i < MIGRATE_TYPES; i++)
497 		seq_printf(m, "%12lu ", count[i]);
498 	seq_putc(m, '\n');
499 }
500 
501 /*
502  * Looking for memcg information and print it out
503  */
504 static inline int print_page_owner_memcg(char *kbuf, size_t count, int ret,
505 					 struct page *page)
506 {
507 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
508 	unsigned long memcg_data;
509 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
510 	bool online;
511 	char name[80];
512 
513 	rcu_read_lock();
514 	memcg_data = READ_ONCE(page->memcg_data);
515 	if (!memcg_data)
516 		goto out_unlock;
517 
518 	if (memcg_data & MEMCG_DATA_OBJEXTS)
519 		ret += scnprintf(kbuf + ret, count - ret,
520 				"Slab cache page\n");
521 
522 	memcg = page_memcg_check(page);
523 	if (!memcg)
524 		goto out_unlock;
525 
526 	online = (memcg->css.flags & CSS_ONLINE);
527 	cgroup_name(memcg->css.cgroup, name, sizeof(name));
528 	ret += scnprintf(kbuf + ret, count - ret,
529 			"Charged %sto %smemcg %s\n",
530 			PageMemcgKmem(page) ? "(via objcg) " : "",
531 			online ? "" : "offline ",
532 			name);
533 out_unlock:
534 	rcu_read_unlock();
535 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMCG */
536 
537 	return ret;
538 }
539 
540 static ssize_t
541 print_page_owner(char __user *buf, size_t count, unsigned long pfn,
542 		struct page *page, struct page_owner *page_owner,
543 		depot_stack_handle_t handle)
544 {
545 	int ret, pageblock_mt, page_mt;
546 	char *kbuf;
547 
548 	count = min_t(size_t, count, PAGE_SIZE);
549 	kbuf = kmalloc(count, GFP_KERNEL);
550 	if (!kbuf)
551 		return -ENOMEM;
552 
553 	ret = scnprintf(kbuf, count,
554 			"Page allocated via order %u, mask %#x(%pGg), pid %d, tgid %d (%s), ts %llu ns\n",
555 			page_owner->order, page_owner->gfp_mask,
556 			&page_owner->gfp_mask, page_owner->pid,
557 			page_owner->tgid, page_owner->comm,
558 			page_owner->ts_nsec);
559 
560 	/* Print information relevant to grouping pages by mobility */
561 	pageblock_mt = get_pageblock_migratetype(page);
562 	page_mt  = gfp_migratetype(page_owner->gfp_mask);
563 	ret += scnprintf(kbuf + ret, count - ret,
564 			"PFN 0x%lx type %s Block %lu type %s Flags %pGp\n",
565 			pfn,
566 			migratetype_names[page_mt],
567 			pfn >> pageblock_order,
568 			migratetype_names[pageblock_mt],
569 			&page->flags);
570 
571 	ret += stack_depot_snprint(handle, kbuf + ret, count - ret, 0);
572 	if (ret >= count)
573 		goto err;
574 
575 	if (page_owner->last_migrate_reason != -1) {
576 		ret += scnprintf(kbuf + ret, count - ret,
577 			"Page has been migrated, last migrate reason: %s\n",
578 			migrate_reason_names[page_owner->last_migrate_reason]);
579 	}
580 
581 	ret = print_page_owner_memcg(kbuf, count, ret, page);
582 
583 	ret += snprintf(kbuf + ret, count - ret, "\n");
584 	if (ret >= count)
585 		goto err;
586 
587 	if (copy_to_user(buf, kbuf, ret))
588 		ret = -EFAULT;
589 
590 	kfree(kbuf);
591 	return ret;
592 
593 err:
594 	kfree(kbuf);
595 	return -ENOMEM;
596 }
597 
598 void __dump_page_owner(const struct page *page)
599 {
600 	struct page_ext *page_ext = page_ext_get((void *)page);
601 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
602 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
603 	gfp_t gfp_mask;
604 	int mt;
605 
606 	if (unlikely(!page_ext)) {
607 		pr_alert("There is not page extension available.\n");
608 		return;
609 	}
610 
611 	page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
612 	gfp_mask = page_owner->gfp_mask;
613 	mt = gfp_migratetype(gfp_mask);
614 
615 	if (!test_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER, &page_ext->flags)) {
616 		pr_alert("page_owner info is not present (never set?)\n");
617 		page_ext_put(page_ext);
618 		return;
619 	}
620 
621 	if (test_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER_ALLOCATED, &page_ext->flags))
622 		pr_alert("page_owner tracks the page as allocated\n");
623 	else
624 		pr_alert("page_owner tracks the page as freed\n");
625 
626 	pr_alert("page last allocated via order %u, migratetype %s, gfp_mask %#x(%pGg), pid %d, tgid %d (%s), ts %llu, free_ts %llu\n",
627 		 page_owner->order, migratetype_names[mt], gfp_mask, &gfp_mask,
628 		 page_owner->pid, page_owner->tgid, page_owner->comm,
629 		 page_owner->ts_nsec, page_owner->free_ts_nsec);
630 
631 	handle = READ_ONCE(page_owner->handle);
632 	if (!handle)
633 		pr_alert("page_owner allocation stack trace missing\n");
634 	else
635 		stack_depot_print(handle);
636 
637 	handle = READ_ONCE(page_owner->free_handle);
638 	if (!handle) {
639 		pr_alert("page_owner free stack trace missing\n");
640 	} else {
641 		pr_alert("page last free pid %d tgid %d stack trace:\n",
642 			  page_owner->free_pid, page_owner->free_tgid);
643 		stack_depot_print(handle);
644 	}
645 
646 	if (page_owner->last_migrate_reason != -1)
647 		pr_alert("page has been migrated, last migrate reason: %s\n",
648 			migrate_reason_names[page_owner->last_migrate_reason]);
649 	page_ext_put(page_ext);
650 }
651 
652 static ssize_t
653 read_page_owner(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
654 {
655 	unsigned long pfn;
656 	struct page *page;
657 	struct page_ext *page_ext;
658 	struct page_owner *page_owner;
659 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
660 
661 	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&page_owner_inited))
662 		return -EINVAL;
663 
664 	page = NULL;
665 	if (*ppos == 0)
666 		pfn = min_low_pfn;
667 	else
668 		pfn = *ppos;
669 	/* Find a valid PFN or the start of a MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES area */
670 	while (!pfn_valid(pfn) && (pfn & (MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES - 1)) != 0)
671 		pfn++;
672 
673 	/* Find an allocated page */
674 	for (; pfn < max_pfn; pfn++) {
675 		/*
676 		 * This temporary page_owner is required so
677 		 * that we can avoid the context switches while holding
678 		 * the rcu lock and copying the page owner information to
679 		 * user through copy_to_user() or GFP_KERNEL allocations.
680 		 */
681 		struct page_owner page_owner_tmp;
682 
683 		/*
684 		 * If the new page is in a new MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES area,
685 		 * validate the area as existing, skip it if not
686 		 */
687 		if ((pfn & (MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES - 1)) == 0 && !pfn_valid(pfn)) {
688 			pfn += MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES - 1;
689 			continue;
690 		}
691 
692 		page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
693 		if (PageBuddy(page)) {
694 			unsigned long freepage_order = buddy_order_unsafe(page);
695 
696 			if (freepage_order <= MAX_PAGE_ORDER)
697 				pfn += (1UL << freepage_order) - 1;
698 			continue;
699 		}
700 
701 		page_ext = page_ext_get(page);
702 		if (unlikely(!page_ext))
703 			continue;
704 
705 		/*
706 		 * Some pages could be missed by concurrent allocation or free,
707 		 * because we don't hold the zone lock.
708 		 */
709 		if (!test_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER, &page_ext->flags))
710 			goto ext_put_continue;
711 
712 		/*
713 		 * Although we do have the info about past allocation of free
714 		 * pages, it's not relevant for current memory usage.
715 		 */
716 		if (!test_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER_ALLOCATED, &page_ext->flags))
717 			goto ext_put_continue;
718 
719 		page_owner = get_page_owner(page_ext);
720 
721 		/*
722 		 * Don't print "tail" pages of high-order allocations as that
723 		 * would inflate the stats.
724 		 */
725 		if (!IS_ALIGNED(pfn, 1 << page_owner->order))
726 			goto ext_put_continue;
727 
728 		/*
729 		 * Access to page_ext->handle isn't synchronous so we should
730 		 * be careful to access it.
731 		 */
732 		handle = READ_ONCE(page_owner->handle);
733 		if (!handle)
734 			goto ext_put_continue;
735 
736 		/* Record the next PFN to read in the file offset */
737 		*ppos = pfn + 1;
738 
739 		page_owner_tmp = *page_owner;
740 		page_ext_put(page_ext);
741 		return print_page_owner(buf, count, pfn, page,
742 				&page_owner_tmp, handle);
743 ext_put_continue:
744 		page_ext_put(page_ext);
745 	}
746 
747 	return 0;
748 }
749 
750 static loff_t lseek_page_owner(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int orig)
751 {
752 	switch (orig) {
753 	case SEEK_SET:
754 		file->f_pos = offset;
755 		break;
756 	case SEEK_CUR:
757 		file->f_pos += offset;
758 		break;
759 	default:
760 		return -EINVAL;
761 	}
762 	return file->f_pos;
763 }
764 
765 static void init_pages_in_zone(pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
766 {
767 	unsigned long pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn;
768 	unsigned long end_pfn = zone_end_pfn(zone);
769 	unsigned long count = 0;
770 
771 	/*
772 	 * Walk the zone in pageblock_nr_pages steps. If a page block spans
773 	 * a zone boundary, it will be double counted between zones. This does
774 	 * not matter as the mixed block count will still be correct
775 	 */
776 	for (; pfn < end_pfn; ) {
777 		unsigned long block_end_pfn;
778 
779 		if (!pfn_valid(pfn)) {
780 			pfn = ALIGN(pfn + 1, MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES);
781 			continue;
782 		}
783 
784 		block_end_pfn = pageblock_end_pfn(pfn);
785 		block_end_pfn = min(block_end_pfn, end_pfn);
786 
787 		for (; pfn < block_end_pfn; pfn++) {
788 			struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
789 			struct page_ext *page_ext;
790 
791 			if (page_zone(page) != zone)
792 				continue;
793 
794 			/*
795 			 * To avoid having to grab zone->lock, be a little
796 			 * careful when reading buddy page order. The only
797 			 * danger is that we skip too much and potentially miss
798 			 * some early allocated pages, which is better than
799 			 * heavy lock contention.
800 			 */
801 			if (PageBuddy(page)) {
802 				unsigned long order = buddy_order_unsafe(page);
803 
804 				if (order > 0 && order <= MAX_PAGE_ORDER)
805 					pfn += (1UL << order) - 1;
806 				continue;
807 			}
808 
809 			if (PageReserved(page))
810 				continue;
811 
812 			page_ext = page_ext_get(page);
813 			if (unlikely(!page_ext))
814 				continue;
815 
816 			/* Maybe overlapping zone */
817 			if (test_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER, &page_ext->flags))
818 				goto ext_put_continue;
819 
820 			/* Found early allocated page */
821 			__update_page_owner_handle(page_ext, early_handle, 0, 0,
822 						   -1, local_clock(), current->pid,
823 						   current->tgid, current->comm);
824 			count++;
825 ext_put_continue:
826 			page_ext_put(page_ext);
827 		}
828 		cond_resched();
829 	}
830 
831 	pr_info("Node %d, zone %8s: page owner found early allocated %lu pages\n",
832 		pgdat->node_id, zone->name, count);
833 }
834 
835 static void init_zones_in_node(pg_data_t *pgdat)
836 {
837 	struct zone *zone;
838 	struct zone *node_zones = pgdat->node_zones;
839 
840 	for (zone = node_zones; zone - node_zones < MAX_NR_ZONES; ++zone) {
841 		if (!populated_zone(zone))
842 			continue;
843 
844 		init_pages_in_zone(pgdat, zone);
845 	}
846 }
847 
848 static void init_early_allocated_pages(void)
849 {
850 	pg_data_t *pgdat;
851 
852 	for_each_online_pgdat(pgdat)
853 		init_zones_in_node(pgdat);
854 }
855 
856 static const struct file_operations proc_page_owner_operations = {
857 	.read		= read_page_owner,
858 	.llseek		= lseek_page_owner,
859 };
860 
861 static void *stack_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *ppos)
862 {
863 	struct stack *stack;
864 
865 	if (*ppos == -1UL)
866 		return NULL;
867 
868 	if (!*ppos) {
869 		/*
870 		 * This pairs with smp_store_release() from function
871 		 * add_stack_record_to_list(), so we get a consistent
872 		 * value of stack_list.
873 		 */
874 		stack = smp_load_acquire(&stack_list);
875 		m->private = stack;
876 	} else {
877 		stack = m->private;
878 	}
879 
880 	return stack;
881 }
882 
883 static void *stack_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *ppos)
884 {
885 	struct stack *stack = v;
886 
887 	stack = stack->next;
888 	*ppos = stack ? *ppos + 1 : -1UL;
889 	m->private = stack;
890 
891 	return stack;
892 }
893 
894 static unsigned long page_owner_pages_threshold;
895 
896 static int stack_print(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
897 {
898 	int i, nr_base_pages;
899 	struct stack *stack = v;
900 	unsigned long *entries;
901 	unsigned long nr_entries;
902 	struct stack_record *stack_record = stack->stack_record;
903 
904 	if (!stack->stack_record)
905 		return 0;
906 
907 	nr_entries = stack_record->size;
908 	entries = stack_record->entries;
909 	nr_base_pages = refcount_read(&stack_record->count) - 1;
910 
911 	if (nr_base_pages < 1 || nr_base_pages < page_owner_pages_threshold)
912 		return 0;
913 
914 	for (i = 0; i < nr_entries; i++)
915 		seq_printf(m, " %pS\n", (void *)entries[i]);
916 	seq_printf(m, "nr_base_pages: %d\n\n", nr_base_pages);
917 
918 	return 0;
919 }
920 
921 static void stack_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
922 {
923 }
924 
925 static const struct seq_operations page_owner_stack_op = {
926 	.start	= stack_start,
927 	.next	= stack_next,
928 	.stop	= stack_stop,
929 	.show	= stack_print
930 };
931 
932 static int page_owner_stack_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
933 {
934 	return seq_open_private(file, &page_owner_stack_op, 0);
935 }
936 
937 static const struct file_operations page_owner_stack_operations = {
938 	.open		= page_owner_stack_open,
939 	.read		= seq_read,
940 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
941 	.release	= seq_release,
942 };
943 
944 static int page_owner_threshold_get(void *data, u64 *val)
945 {
946 	*val = READ_ONCE(page_owner_pages_threshold);
947 	return 0;
948 }
949 
950 static int page_owner_threshold_set(void *data, u64 val)
951 {
952 	WRITE_ONCE(page_owner_pages_threshold, val);
953 	return 0;
954 }
955 
956 DEFINE_SIMPLE_ATTRIBUTE(proc_page_owner_threshold, &page_owner_threshold_get,
957 			&page_owner_threshold_set, "%llu");
958 
959 
960 static int __init pageowner_init(void)
961 {
962 	struct dentry *dir;
963 
964 	if (!static_branch_unlikely(&page_owner_inited)) {
965 		pr_info("page_owner is disabled\n");
966 		return 0;
967 	}
968 
969 	debugfs_create_file("page_owner", 0400, NULL, NULL,
970 			    &proc_page_owner_operations);
971 	dir = debugfs_create_dir("page_owner_stacks", NULL);
972 	debugfs_create_file("show_stacks", 0400, dir, NULL,
973 			    &page_owner_stack_operations);
974 	debugfs_create_file("count_threshold", 0600, dir, NULL,
975 			    &proc_page_owner_threshold);
976 
977 	return 0;
978 }
979 late_initcall(pageowner_init)
980