xref: /linux/mm/mprotect.c (revision 79997eda0d31bc68203c95ecb978773ee6ce7a1f)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *  mm/mprotect.c
4  *
5  *  (C) Copyright 1994 Linus Torvalds
6  *  (C) Copyright 2002 Christoph Hellwig
7  *
8  *  Address space accounting code	<alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
9  *  (C) Copyright 2002 Red Hat Inc, All Rights Reserved
10  */
11 
12 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
13 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
14 #include <linux/shm.h>
15 #include <linux/mman.h>
16 #include <linux/fs.h>
17 #include <linux/highmem.h>
18 #include <linux/security.h>
19 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
20 #include <linux/personality.h>
21 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
22 #include <linux/swap.h>
23 #include <linux/swapops.h>
24 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
25 #include <linux/migrate.h>
26 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
27 #include <linux/pkeys.h>
28 #include <linux/ksm.h>
29 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
30 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
31 #include <linux/pgtable.h>
32 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
33 #include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
34 #include <linux/memory-tiers.h>
35 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
36 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
37 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
38 #include <asm/tlb.h>
39 
40 #include "internal.h"
41 
42 bool can_change_pte_writable(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
43 			     pte_t pte)
44 {
45 	struct page *page;
46 
47 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)))
48 		return false;
49 
50 	/* Don't touch entries that are not even readable. */
51 	if (pte_protnone(pte))
52 		return false;
53 
54 	/* Do we need write faults for softdirty tracking? */
55 	if (vma_soft_dirty_enabled(vma) && !pte_soft_dirty(pte))
56 		return false;
57 
58 	/* Do we need write faults for uffd-wp tracking? */
59 	if (userfaultfd_pte_wp(vma, pte))
60 		return false;
61 
62 	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)) {
63 		/*
64 		 * Writable MAP_PRIVATE mapping: We can only special-case on
65 		 * exclusive anonymous pages, because we know that our
66 		 * write-fault handler similarly would map them writable without
67 		 * any additional checks while holding the PT lock.
68 		 */
69 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, pte);
70 		return page && PageAnon(page) && PageAnonExclusive(page);
71 	}
72 
73 	/*
74 	 * Writable MAP_SHARED mapping: "clean" might indicate that the FS still
75 	 * needs a real write-fault for writenotify
76 	 * (see vma_wants_writenotify()). If "dirty", the assumption is that the
77 	 * FS was already notified and we can simply mark the PTE writable
78 	 * just like the write-fault handler would do.
79 	 */
80 	return pte_dirty(pte);
81 }
82 
83 static long change_pte_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
84 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
85 		unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
86 {
87 	pte_t *pte, oldpte;
88 	spinlock_t *ptl;
89 	long pages = 0;
90 	int target_node = NUMA_NO_NODE;
91 	bool prot_numa = cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA;
92 	bool uffd_wp = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP;
93 	bool uffd_wp_resolve = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE;
94 
95 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
96 	pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
97 	if (!pte)
98 		return -EAGAIN;
99 
100 	/* Get target node for single threaded private VMAs */
101 	if (prot_numa && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) &&
102 	    atomic_read(&vma->vm_mm->mm_users) == 1)
103 		target_node = numa_node_id();
104 
105 	flush_tlb_batched_pending(vma->vm_mm);
106 	arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
107 	do {
108 		oldpte = ptep_get(pte);
109 		if (pte_present(oldpte)) {
110 			pte_t ptent;
111 
112 			/*
113 			 * Avoid trapping faults against the zero or KSM
114 			 * pages. See similar comment in change_huge_pmd.
115 			 */
116 			if (prot_numa) {
117 				struct folio *folio;
118 				int nid;
119 				bool toptier;
120 
121 				/* Avoid TLB flush if possible */
122 				if (pte_protnone(oldpte))
123 					continue;
124 
125 				folio = vm_normal_folio(vma, addr, oldpte);
126 				if (!folio || folio_is_zone_device(folio) ||
127 				    folio_test_ksm(folio))
128 					continue;
129 
130 				/* Also skip shared copy-on-write pages */
131 				if (is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags) &&
132 				    folio_ref_count(folio) != 1)
133 					continue;
134 
135 				/*
136 				 * While migration can move some dirty pages,
137 				 * it cannot move them all from MIGRATE_ASYNC
138 				 * context.
139 				 */
140 				if (folio_is_file_lru(folio) &&
141 				    folio_test_dirty(folio))
142 					continue;
143 
144 				/*
145 				 * Don't mess with PTEs if page is already on the node
146 				 * a single-threaded process is running on.
147 				 */
148 				nid = folio_nid(folio);
149 				if (target_node == nid)
150 					continue;
151 				toptier = node_is_toptier(nid);
152 
153 				/*
154 				 * Skip scanning top tier node if normal numa
155 				 * balancing is disabled
156 				 */
157 				if (!(sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_NORMAL) &&
158 				    toptier)
159 					continue;
160 				if (sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_MEMORY_TIERING &&
161 				    !toptier)
162 					folio_xchg_access_time(folio,
163 						jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies));
164 			}
165 
166 			oldpte = ptep_modify_prot_start(vma, addr, pte);
167 			ptent = pte_modify(oldpte, newprot);
168 
169 			if (uffd_wp)
170 				ptent = pte_mkuffd_wp(ptent);
171 			else if (uffd_wp_resolve)
172 				ptent = pte_clear_uffd_wp(ptent);
173 
174 			/*
175 			 * In some writable, shared mappings, we might want
176 			 * to catch actual write access -- see
177 			 * vma_wants_writenotify().
178 			 *
179 			 * In all writable, private mappings, we have to
180 			 * properly handle COW.
181 			 *
182 			 * In both cases, we can sometimes still change PTEs
183 			 * writable and avoid the write-fault handler, for
184 			 * example, if a PTE is already dirty and no other
185 			 * COW or special handling is required.
186 			 */
187 			if ((cp_flags & MM_CP_TRY_CHANGE_WRITABLE) &&
188 			    !pte_write(ptent) &&
189 			    can_change_pte_writable(vma, addr, ptent))
190 				ptent = pte_mkwrite(ptent, vma);
191 
192 			ptep_modify_prot_commit(vma, addr, pte, oldpte, ptent);
193 			if (pte_needs_flush(oldpte, ptent))
194 				tlb_flush_pte_range(tlb, addr, PAGE_SIZE);
195 			pages++;
196 		} else if (is_swap_pte(oldpte)) {
197 			swp_entry_t entry = pte_to_swp_entry(oldpte);
198 			pte_t newpte;
199 
200 			if (is_writable_migration_entry(entry)) {
201 				struct page *page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
202 
203 				/*
204 				 * A protection check is difficult so
205 				 * just be safe and disable write
206 				 */
207 				if (PageAnon(page))
208 					entry = make_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(
209 							     swp_offset(entry));
210 				else
211 					entry = make_readable_migration_entry(swp_offset(entry));
212 				newpte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
213 				if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(oldpte))
214 					newpte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(newpte);
215 			} else if (is_writable_device_private_entry(entry)) {
216 				/*
217 				 * We do not preserve soft-dirtiness. See
218 				 * copy_nonpresent_pte() for explanation.
219 				 */
220 				entry = make_readable_device_private_entry(
221 							swp_offset(entry));
222 				newpte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
223 				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(oldpte))
224 					newpte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpte);
225 			} else if (is_writable_device_exclusive_entry(entry)) {
226 				entry = make_readable_device_exclusive_entry(
227 							swp_offset(entry));
228 				newpte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
229 				if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(oldpte))
230 					newpte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(newpte);
231 				if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(oldpte))
232 					newpte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpte);
233 			} else if (is_pte_marker_entry(entry)) {
234 				/*
235 				 * Ignore error swap entries unconditionally,
236 				 * because any access should sigbus anyway.
237 				 */
238 				if (is_poisoned_swp_entry(entry))
239 					continue;
240 				/*
241 				 * If this is uffd-wp pte marker and we'd like
242 				 * to unprotect it, drop it; the next page
243 				 * fault will trigger without uffd trapping.
244 				 */
245 				if (uffd_wp_resolve) {
246 					pte_clear(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte);
247 					pages++;
248 				}
249 				continue;
250 			} else {
251 				newpte = oldpte;
252 			}
253 
254 			if (uffd_wp)
255 				newpte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpte);
256 			else if (uffd_wp_resolve)
257 				newpte = pte_swp_clear_uffd_wp(newpte);
258 
259 			if (!pte_same(oldpte, newpte)) {
260 				set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte, newpte);
261 				pages++;
262 			}
263 		} else {
264 			/* It must be an none page, or what else?.. */
265 			WARN_ON_ONCE(!pte_none(oldpte));
266 
267 			/*
268 			 * Nobody plays with any none ptes besides
269 			 * userfaultfd when applying the protections.
270 			 */
271 			if (likely(!uffd_wp))
272 				continue;
273 
274 			if (userfaultfd_wp_use_markers(vma)) {
275 				/*
276 				 * For file-backed mem, we need to be able to
277 				 * wr-protect a none pte, because even if the
278 				 * pte is none, the page/swap cache could
279 				 * exist.  Doing that by install a marker.
280 				 */
281 				set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte,
282 					   make_pte_marker(PTE_MARKER_UFFD_WP));
283 				pages++;
284 			}
285 		}
286 	} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
287 	arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
288 	pte_unmap_unlock(pte - 1, ptl);
289 
290 	return pages;
291 }
292 
293 /*
294  * Return true if we want to split THPs into PTE mappings in change
295  * protection procedure, false otherwise.
296  */
297 static inline bool
298 pgtable_split_needed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long cp_flags)
299 {
300 	/*
301 	 * pte markers only resides in pte level, if we need pte markers,
302 	 * we need to split.  We cannot wr-protect shmem thp because file
303 	 * thp is handled differently when split by erasing the pmd so far.
304 	 */
305 	return (cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP) && !vma_is_anonymous(vma);
306 }
307 
308 /*
309  * Return true if we want to populate pgtables in change protection
310  * procedure, false otherwise
311  */
312 static inline bool
313 pgtable_populate_needed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long cp_flags)
314 {
315 	/* If not within ioctl(UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT), then don't bother */
316 	if (!(cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP))
317 		return false;
318 
319 	/* Populate if the userfaultfd mode requires pte markers */
320 	return userfaultfd_wp_use_markers(vma);
321 }
322 
323 /*
324  * Populate the pgtable underneath for whatever reason if requested.
325  * When {pte|pmd|...}_alloc() failed we treat it the same way as pgtable
326  * allocation failures during page faults by kicking OOM and returning
327  * error.
328  */
329 #define  change_pmd_prepare(vma, pmd, cp_flags)				\
330 	({								\
331 		long err = 0;						\
332 		if (unlikely(pgtable_populate_needed(vma, cp_flags))) {	\
333 			if (pte_alloc(vma->vm_mm, pmd))			\
334 				err = -ENOMEM;				\
335 		}							\
336 		err;							\
337 	})
338 
339 /*
340  * This is the general pud/p4d/pgd version of change_pmd_prepare(). We need to
341  * have separate change_pmd_prepare() because pte_alloc() returns 0 on success,
342  * while {pmd|pud|p4d}_alloc() returns the valid pointer on success.
343  */
344 #define  change_prepare(vma, high, low, addr, cp_flags)			\
345 	  ({								\
346 		long err = 0;						\
347 		if (unlikely(pgtable_populate_needed(vma, cp_flags))) {	\
348 			low##_t *p = low##_alloc(vma->vm_mm, high, addr); \
349 			if (p == NULL)					\
350 				err = -ENOMEM;				\
351 		}							\
352 		err;							\
353 	})
354 
355 static inline long change_pmd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
356 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr,
357 		unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
358 {
359 	pmd_t *pmd;
360 	unsigned long next;
361 	long pages = 0;
362 	unsigned long nr_huge_updates = 0;
363 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
364 
365 	range.start = 0;
366 
367 	pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
368 	do {
369 		long ret;
370 		pmd_t _pmd;
371 again:
372 		next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
373 
374 		ret = change_pmd_prepare(vma, pmd, cp_flags);
375 		if (ret) {
376 			pages = ret;
377 			break;
378 		}
379 
380 		if (pmd_none(*pmd))
381 			goto next;
382 
383 		/* invoke the mmu notifier if the pmd is populated */
384 		if (!range.start) {
385 			mmu_notifier_range_init(&range,
386 				MMU_NOTIFY_PROTECTION_VMA, 0,
387 				vma->vm_mm, addr, end);
388 			mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
389 		}
390 
391 		_pmd = pmdp_get_lockless(pmd);
392 		if (is_swap_pmd(_pmd) || pmd_trans_huge(_pmd) || pmd_devmap(_pmd)) {
393 			if ((next - addr != HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) ||
394 			    pgtable_split_needed(vma, cp_flags)) {
395 				__split_huge_pmd(vma, pmd, addr, false, NULL);
396 				/*
397 				 * For file-backed, the pmd could have been
398 				 * cleared; make sure pmd populated if
399 				 * necessary, then fall-through to pte level.
400 				 */
401 				ret = change_pmd_prepare(vma, pmd, cp_flags);
402 				if (ret) {
403 					pages = ret;
404 					break;
405 				}
406 			} else {
407 				ret = change_huge_pmd(tlb, vma, pmd,
408 						addr, newprot, cp_flags);
409 				if (ret) {
410 					if (ret == HPAGE_PMD_NR) {
411 						pages += HPAGE_PMD_NR;
412 						nr_huge_updates++;
413 					}
414 
415 					/* huge pmd was handled */
416 					goto next;
417 				}
418 			}
419 			/* fall through, the trans huge pmd just split */
420 		}
421 
422 		ret = change_pte_range(tlb, vma, pmd, addr, next, newprot,
423 				       cp_flags);
424 		if (ret < 0)
425 			goto again;
426 		pages += ret;
427 next:
428 		cond_resched();
429 	} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
430 
431 	if (range.start)
432 		mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
433 
434 	if (nr_huge_updates)
435 		count_vm_numa_events(NUMA_HUGE_PTE_UPDATES, nr_huge_updates);
436 	return pages;
437 }
438 
439 static inline long change_pud_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
440 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, p4d_t *p4d, unsigned long addr,
441 		unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
442 {
443 	pud_t *pud;
444 	unsigned long next;
445 	long pages = 0, ret;
446 
447 	pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
448 	do {
449 		next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
450 		ret = change_prepare(vma, pud, pmd, addr, cp_flags);
451 		if (ret)
452 			return ret;
453 		if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud))
454 			continue;
455 		pages += change_pmd_range(tlb, vma, pud, addr, next, newprot,
456 					  cp_flags);
457 	} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
458 
459 	return pages;
460 }
461 
462 static inline long change_p4d_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
463 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, pgd_t *pgd, unsigned long addr,
464 		unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
465 {
466 	p4d_t *p4d;
467 	unsigned long next;
468 	long pages = 0, ret;
469 
470 	p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
471 	do {
472 		next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
473 		ret = change_prepare(vma, p4d, pud, addr, cp_flags);
474 		if (ret)
475 			return ret;
476 		if (p4d_none_or_clear_bad(p4d))
477 			continue;
478 		pages += change_pud_range(tlb, vma, p4d, addr, next, newprot,
479 					  cp_flags);
480 	} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
481 
482 	return pages;
483 }
484 
485 static long change_protection_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
486 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
487 		unsigned long end, pgprot_t newprot, unsigned long cp_flags)
488 {
489 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
490 	pgd_t *pgd;
491 	unsigned long next;
492 	long pages = 0, ret;
493 
494 	BUG_ON(addr >= end);
495 	pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr);
496 	tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
497 	do {
498 		next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
499 		ret = change_prepare(vma, pgd, p4d, addr, cp_flags);
500 		if (ret) {
501 			pages = ret;
502 			break;
503 		}
504 		if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd))
505 			continue;
506 		pages += change_p4d_range(tlb, vma, pgd, addr, next, newprot,
507 					  cp_flags);
508 	} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
509 
510 	tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
511 
512 	return pages;
513 }
514 
515 long change_protection(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
516 		       struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
517 		       unsigned long end, unsigned long cp_flags)
518 {
519 	pgprot_t newprot = vma->vm_page_prot;
520 	long pages;
521 
522 	BUG_ON((cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL) == MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL);
523 
524 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
525 	/*
526 	 * Ordinary protection updates (mprotect, uffd-wp, softdirty tracking)
527 	 * are expected to reflect their requirements via VMA flags such that
528 	 * vma_set_page_prot() will adjust vma->vm_page_prot accordingly.
529 	 */
530 	if (cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA)
531 		newprot = PAGE_NONE;
532 #else
533 	WARN_ON_ONCE(cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA);
534 #endif
535 
536 	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
537 		pages = hugetlb_change_protection(vma, start, end, newprot,
538 						  cp_flags);
539 	else
540 		pages = change_protection_range(tlb, vma, start, end, newprot,
541 						cp_flags);
542 
543 	return pages;
544 }
545 
546 static int prot_none_pte_entry(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr,
547 			       unsigned long next, struct mm_walk *walk)
548 {
549 	return pfn_modify_allowed(pte_pfn(ptep_get(pte)),
550 				  *(pgprot_t *)(walk->private)) ?
551 		0 : -EACCES;
552 }
553 
554 static int prot_none_hugetlb_entry(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
555 				   unsigned long addr, unsigned long next,
556 				   struct mm_walk *walk)
557 {
558 	return pfn_modify_allowed(pte_pfn(ptep_get(pte)),
559 				  *(pgprot_t *)(walk->private)) ?
560 		0 : -EACCES;
561 }
562 
563 static int prot_none_test(unsigned long addr, unsigned long next,
564 			  struct mm_walk *walk)
565 {
566 	return 0;
567 }
568 
569 static const struct mm_walk_ops prot_none_walk_ops = {
570 	.pte_entry		= prot_none_pte_entry,
571 	.hugetlb_entry		= prot_none_hugetlb_entry,
572 	.test_walk		= prot_none_test,
573 	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
574 };
575 
576 int
577 mprotect_fixup(struct vma_iterator *vmi, struct mmu_gather *tlb,
578 	       struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct vm_area_struct **pprev,
579 	       unsigned long start, unsigned long end, unsigned long newflags)
580 {
581 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
582 	unsigned long oldflags = vma->vm_flags;
583 	long nrpages = (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
584 	unsigned int mm_cp_flags = 0;
585 	unsigned long charged = 0;
586 	int error;
587 
588 	if (newflags == oldflags) {
589 		*pprev = vma;
590 		return 0;
591 	}
592 
593 	/*
594 	 * Do PROT_NONE PFN permission checks here when we can still
595 	 * bail out without undoing a lot of state. This is a rather
596 	 * uncommon case, so doesn't need to be very optimized.
597 	 */
598 	if (arch_has_pfn_modify_check() &&
599 	    (vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)) &&
600 	    (newflags & VM_ACCESS_FLAGS) == 0) {
601 		pgprot_t new_pgprot = vm_get_page_prot(newflags);
602 
603 		error = walk_page_range(current->mm, start, end,
604 				&prot_none_walk_ops, &new_pgprot);
605 		if (error)
606 			return error;
607 	}
608 
609 	/*
610 	 * If we make a private mapping writable we increase our commit;
611 	 * but (without finer accounting) cannot reduce our commit if we
612 	 * make it unwritable again except in the anonymous case where no
613 	 * anon_vma has yet to be assigned.
614 	 *
615 	 * hugetlb mapping were accounted for even if read-only so there is
616 	 * no need to account for them here.
617 	 */
618 	if (newflags & VM_WRITE) {
619 		/* Check space limits when area turns into data. */
620 		if (!may_expand_vm(mm, newflags, nrpages) &&
621 				may_expand_vm(mm, oldflags, nrpages))
622 			return -ENOMEM;
623 		if (!(oldflags & (VM_ACCOUNT|VM_WRITE|VM_HUGETLB|
624 						VM_SHARED|VM_NORESERVE))) {
625 			charged = nrpages;
626 			if (security_vm_enough_memory_mm(mm, charged))
627 				return -ENOMEM;
628 			newflags |= VM_ACCOUNT;
629 		}
630 	} else if ((oldflags & VM_ACCOUNT) && vma_is_anonymous(vma) &&
631 		   !vma->anon_vma) {
632 		newflags &= ~VM_ACCOUNT;
633 	}
634 
635 	vma = vma_modify_flags(vmi, *pprev, vma, start, end, newflags);
636 	if (IS_ERR(vma)) {
637 		error = PTR_ERR(vma);
638 		goto fail;
639 	}
640 
641 	*pprev = vma;
642 
643 	/*
644 	 * vm_flags and vm_page_prot are protected by the mmap_lock
645 	 * held in write mode.
646 	 */
647 	vma_start_write(vma);
648 	vm_flags_reset(vma, newflags);
649 	if (vma_wants_manual_pte_write_upgrade(vma))
650 		mm_cp_flags |= MM_CP_TRY_CHANGE_WRITABLE;
651 	vma_set_page_prot(vma);
652 
653 	change_protection(tlb, vma, start, end, mm_cp_flags);
654 
655 	if ((oldflags & VM_ACCOUNT) && !(newflags & VM_ACCOUNT))
656 		vm_unacct_memory(nrpages);
657 
658 	/*
659 	 * Private VM_LOCKED VMA becoming writable: trigger COW to avoid major
660 	 * fault on access.
661 	 */
662 	if ((oldflags & (VM_WRITE | VM_SHARED | VM_LOCKED)) == VM_LOCKED &&
663 			(newflags & VM_WRITE)) {
664 		populate_vma_page_range(vma, start, end, NULL);
665 	}
666 
667 	vm_stat_account(mm, oldflags, -nrpages);
668 	vm_stat_account(mm, newflags, nrpages);
669 	perf_event_mmap(vma);
670 	return 0;
671 
672 fail:
673 	vm_unacct_memory(charged);
674 	return error;
675 }
676 
677 /*
678  * pkey==-1 when doing a legacy mprotect()
679  */
680 static int do_mprotect_pkey(unsigned long start, size_t len,
681 		unsigned long prot, int pkey)
682 {
683 	unsigned long nstart, end, tmp, reqprot;
684 	struct vm_area_struct *vma, *prev;
685 	int error;
686 	const int grows = prot & (PROT_GROWSDOWN|PROT_GROWSUP);
687 	const bool rier = (current->personality & READ_IMPLIES_EXEC) &&
688 				(prot & PROT_READ);
689 	struct mmu_gather tlb;
690 	struct vma_iterator vmi;
691 
692 	start = untagged_addr(start);
693 
694 	prot &= ~(PROT_GROWSDOWN|PROT_GROWSUP);
695 	if (grows == (PROT_GROWSDOWN|PROT_GROWSUP)) /* can't be both */
696 		return -EINVAL;
697 
698 	if (start & ~PAGE_MASK)
699 		return -EINVAL;
700 	if (!len)
701 		return 0;
702 	len = PAGE_ALIGN(len);
703 	end = start + len;
704 	if (end <= start)
705 		return -ENOMEM;
706 	if (!arch_validate_prot(prot, start))
707 		return -EINVAL;
708 
709 	reqprot = prot;
710 
711 	if (mmap_write_lock_killable(current->mm))
712 		return -EINTR;
713 
714 	/*
715 	 * If userspace did not allocate the pkey, do not let
716 	 * them use it here.
717 	 */
718 	error = -EINVAL;
719 	if ((pkey != -1) && !mm_pkey_is_allocated(current->mm, pkey))
720 		goto out;
721 
722 	vma_iter_init(&vmi, current->mm, start);
723 	vma = vma_find(&vmi, end);
724 	error = -ENOMEM;
725 	if (!vma)
726 		goto out;
727 
728 	if (unlikely(grows & PROT_GROWSDOWN)) {
729 		if (vma->vm_start >= end)
730 			goto out;
731 		start = vma->vm_start;
732 		error = -EINVAL;
733 		if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSDOWN))
734 			goto out;
735 	} else {
736 		if (vma->vm_start > start)
737 			goto out;
738 		if (unlikely(grows & PROT_GROWSUP)) {
739 			end = vma->vm_end;
740 			error = -EINVAL;
741 			if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_GROWSUP))
742 				goto out;
743 		}
744 	}
745 
746 	prev = vma_prev(&vmi);
747 	if (start > vma->vm_start)
748 		prev = vma;
749 
750 	tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, current->mm);
751 	nstart = start;
752 	tmp = vma->vm_start;
753 	for_each_vma_range(vmi, vma, end) {
754 		unsigned long mask_off_old_flags;
755 		unsigned long newflags;
756 		int new_vma_pkey;
757 
758 		if (vma->vm_start != tmp) {
759 			error = -ENOMEM;
760 			break;
761 		}
762 
763 		/* Does the application expect PROT_READ to imply PROT_EXEC */
764 		if (rier && (vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYEXEC))
765 			prot |= PROT_EXEC;
766 
767 		/*
768 		 * Each mprotect() call explicitly passes r/w/x permissions.
769 		 * If a permission is not passed to mprotect(), it must be
770 		 * cleared from the VMA.
771 		 */
772 		mask_off_old_flags = VM_ACCESS_FLAGS | VM_FLAGS_CLEAR;
773 
774 		new_vma_pkey = arch_override_mprotect_pkey(vma, prot, pkey);
775 		newflags = calc_vm_prot_bits(prot, new_vma_pkey);
776 		newflags |= (vma->vm_flags & ~mask_off_old_flags);
777 
778 		/* newflags >> 4 shift VM_MAY% in place of VM_% */
779 		if ((newflags & ~(newflags >> 4)) & VM_ACCESS_FLAGS) {
780 			error = -EACCES;
781 			break;
782 		}
783 
784 		if (map_deny_write_exec(vma, newflags)) {
785 			error = -EACCES;
786 			break;
787 		}
788 
789 		/* Allow architectures to sanity-check the new flags */
790 		if (!arch_validate_flags(newflags)) {
791 			error = -EINVAL;
792 			break;
793 		}
794 
795 		error = security_file_mprotect(vma, reqprot, prot);
796 		if (error)
797 			break;
798 
799 		tmp = vma->vm_end;
800 		if (tmp > end)
801 			tmp = end;
802 
803 		if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->mprotect) {
804 			error = vma->vm_ops->mprotect(vma, nstart, tmp, newflags);
805 			if (error)
806 				break;
807 		}
808 
809 		error = mprotect_fixup(&vmi, &tlb, vma, &prev, nstart, tmp, newflags);
810 		if (error)
811 			break;
812 
813 		tmp = vma_iter_end(&vmi);
814 		nstart = tmp;
815 		prot = reqprot;
816 	}
817 	tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
818 
819 	if (!error && tmp < end)
820 		error = -ENOMEM;
821 
822 out:
823 	mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
824 	return error;
825 }
826 
827 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(mprotect, unsigned long, start, size_t, len,
828 		unsigned long, prot)
829 {
830 	return do_mprotect_pkey(start, len, prot, -1);
831 }
832 
833 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS
834 
835 SYSCALL_DEFINE4(pkey_mprotect, unsigned long, start, size_t, len,
836 		unsigned long, prot, int, pkey)
837 {
838 	return do_mprotect_pkey(start, len, prot, pkey);
839 }
840 
841 SYSCALL_DEFINE2(pkey_alloc, unsigned long, flags, unsigned long, init_val)
842 {
843 	int pkey;
844 	int ret;
845 
846 	/* No flags supported yet. */
847 	if (flags)
848 		return -EINVAL;
849 	/* check for unsupported init values */
850 	if (init_val & ~PKEY_ACCESS_MASK)
851 		return -EINVAL;
852 
853 	mmap_write_lock(current->mm);
854 	pkey = mm_pkey_alloc(current->mm);
855 
856 	ret = -ENOSPC;
857 	if (pkey == -1)
858 		goto out;
859 
860 	ret = arch_set_user_pkey_access(current, pkey, init_val);
861 	if (ret) {
862 		mm_pkey_free(current->mm, pkey);
863 		goto out;
864 	}
865 	ret = pkey;
866 out:
867 	mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
868 	return ret;
869 }
870 
871 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(pkey_free, int, pkey)
872 {
873 	int ret;
874 
875 	mmap_write_lock(current->mm);
876 	ret = mm_pkey_free(current->mm, pkey);
877 	mmap_write_unlock(current->mm);
878 
879 	/*
880 	 * We could provide warnings or errors if any VMA still
881 	 * has the pkey set here.
882 	 */
883 	return ret;
884 }
885 
886 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS */
887