xref: /linux/mm/mapping_dirty_helpers.c (revision da1d9caf95def6f0320819cf941c9fd1069ba9e1)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
3 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
4 #include <linux/bitops.h>
5 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
6 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
7 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
8 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
9 
10 /**
11  * struct wp_walk - Private struct for pagetable walk callbacks
12  * @range: Range for mmu notifiers
13  * @tlbflush_start: Address of first modified pte
14  * @tlbflush_end: Address of last modified pte + 1
15  * @total: Total number of modified ptes
16  */
17 struct wp_walk {
18 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
19 	unsigned long tlbflush_start;
20 	unsigned long tlbflush_end;
21 	unsigned long total;
22 };
23 
24 /**
25  * wp_pte - Write-protect a pte
26  * @pte: Pointer to the pte
27  * @addr: The start of protecting virtual address
28  * @end: The end of protecting virtual address
29  * @walk: pagetable walk callback argument
30  *
31  * The function write-protects a pte and records the range in
32  * virtual address space of touched ptes for efficient range TLB flushes.
33  */
34 static int wp_pte(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
35 		  struct mm_walk *walk)
36 {
37 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
38 	pte_t ptent = *pte;
39 
40 	if (pte_write(ptent)) {
41 		pte_t old_pte = ptep_modify_prot_start(walk->vma, addr, pte);
42 
43 		ptent = pte_wrprotect(old_pte);
44 		ptep_modify_prot_commit(walk->vma, addr, pte, old_pte, ptent);
45 		wpwalk->total++;
46 		wpwalk->tlbflush_start = min(wpwalk->tlbflush_start, addr);
47 		wpwalk->tlbflush_end = max(wpwalk->tlbflush_end,
48 					   addr + PAGE_SIZE);
49 	}
50 
51 	return 0;
52 }
53 
54 /**
55  * struct clean_walk - Private struct for the clean_record_pte function.
56  * @base: struct wp_walk we derive from
57  * @bitmap_pgoff: Address_space Page offset of the first bit in @bitmap
58  * @bitmap: Bitmap with one bit for each page offset in the address_space range
59  * covered.
60  * @start: Address_space page offset of first modified pte relative
61  * to @bitmap_pgoff
62  * @end: Address_space page offset of last modified pte relative
63  * to @bitmap_pgoff
64  */
65 struct clean_walk {
66 	struct wp_walk base;
67 	pgoff_t bitmap_pgoff;
68 	unsigned long *bitmap;
69 	pgoff_t start;
70 	pgoff_t end;
71 };
72 
73 #define to_clean_walk(_wpwalk) container_of(_wpwalk, struct clean_walk, base)
74 
75 /**
76  * clean_record_pte - Clean a pte and record its address space offset in a
77  * bitmap
78  * @pte: Pointer to the pte
79  * @addr: The start of virtual address to be clean
80  * @end: The end of virtual address to be clean
81  * @walk: pagetable walk callback argument
82  *
83  * The function cleans a pte and records the range in
84  * virtual address space of touched ptes for efficient TLB flushes.
85  * It also records dirty ptes in a bitmap representing page offsets
86  * in the address_space, as well as the first and last of the bits
87  * touched.
88  */
89 static int clean_record_pte(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr,
90 			    unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
91 {
92 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
93 	struct clean_walk *cwalk = to_clean_walk(wpwalk);
94 	pte_t ptent = *pte;
95 
96 	if (pte_dirty(ptent)) {
97 		pgoff_t pgoff = ((addr - walk->vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) +
98 			walk->vma->vm_pgoff - cwalk->bitmap_pgoff;
99 		pte_t old_pte = ptep_modify_prot_start(walk->vma, addr, pte);
100 
101 		ptent = pte_mkclean(old_pte);
102 		ptep_modify_prot_commit(walk->vma, addr, pte, old_pte, ptent);
103 
104 		wpwalk->total++;
105 		wpwalk->tlbflush_start = min(wpwalk->tlbflush_start, addr);
106 		wpwalk->tlbflush_end = max(wpwalk->tlbflush_end,
107 					   addr + PAGE_SIZE);
108 
109 		__set_bit(pgoff, cwalk->bitmap);
110 		cwalk->start = min(cwalk->start, pgoff);
111 		cwalk->end = max(cwalk->end, pgoff + 1);
112 	}
113 
114 	return 0;
115 }
116 
117 /*
118  * wp_clean_pmd_entry - The pagewalk pmd callback.
119  *
120  * Dirty-tracking should take place on the PTE level, so
121  * WARN() if encountering a dirty huge pmd.
122  * Furthermore, never split huge pmds, since that currently
123  * causes dirty info loss. The pagefault handler should do
124  * that if needed.
125  */
126 static int wp_clean_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
127 			      struct mm_walk *walk)
128 {
129 	pmd_t pmdval = pmd_read_atomic(pmd);
130 
131 	if (!pmd_trans_unstable(&pmdval))
132 		return 0;
133 
134 	if (pmd_none(pmdval)) {
135 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
136 		return 0;
137 	}
138 
139 	/* Huge pmd, present or migrated */
140 	walk->action = ACTION_CONTINUE;
141 	if (pmd_trans_huge(pmdval) || pmd_devmap(pmdval))
142 		WARN_ON(pmd_write(pmdval) || pmd_dirty(pmdval));
143 
144 	return 0;
145 }
146 
147 /*
148  * wp_clean_pud_entry - The pagewalk pud callback.
149  *
150  * Dirty-tracking should take place on the PTE level, so
151  * WARN() if encountering a dirty huge puds.
152  * Furthermore, never split huge puds, since that currently
153  * causes dirty info loss. The pagefault handler should do
154  * that if needed.
155  */
156 static int wp_clean_pud_entry(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
157 			      struct mm_walk *walk)
158 {
159 	pud_t pudval = READ_ONCE(*pud);
160 
161 	if (!pud_trans_unstable(&pudval))
162 		return 0;
163 
164 	if (pud_none(pudval)) {
165 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
166 		return 0;
167 	}
168 
169 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
170 	/* Huge pud */
171 	walk->action = ACTION_CONTINUE;
172 	if (pud_trans_huge(pudval) || pud_devmap(pudval))
173 		WARN_ON(pud_write(pudval) || pud_dirty(pudval));
174 #endif
175 
176 	return 0;
177 }
178 
179 /*
180  * wp_clean_pre_vma - The pagewalk pre_vma callback.
181  *
182  * The pre_vma callback performs the cache flush, stages the tlb flush
183  * and calls the necessary mmu notifiers.
184  */
185 static int wp_clean_pre_vma(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
186 			    struct mm_walk *walk)
187 {
188 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
189 
190 	wpwalk->tlbflush_start = end;
191 	wpwalk->tlbflush_end = start;
192 
193 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&wpwalk->range, MMU_NOTIFY_PROTECTION_PAGE, 0,
194 				walk->vma, walk->mm, start, end);
195 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&wpwalk->range);
196 	flush_cache_range(walk->vma, start, end);
197 
198 	/*
199 	 * We're not using tlb_gather_mmu() since typically
200 	 * only a small subrange of PTEs are affected, whereas
201 	 * tlb_gather_mmu() records the full range.
202 	 */
203 	inc_tlb_flush_pending(walk->mm);
204 
205 	return 0;
206 }
207 
208 /*
209  * wp_clean_post_vma - The pagewalk post_vma callback.
210  *
211  * The post_vma callback performs the tlb flush and calls necessary mmu
212  * notifiers.
213  */
214 static void wp_clean_post_vma(struct mm_walk *walk)
215 {
216 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
217 
218 	if (mm_tlb_flush_nested(walk->mm))
219 		flush_tlb_range(walk->vma, wpwalk->range.start,
220 				wpwalk->range.end);
221 	else if (wpwalk->tlbflush_end > wpwalk->tlbflush_start)
222 		flush_tlb_range(walk->vma, wpwalk->tlbflush_start,
223 				wpwalk->tlbflush_end);
224 
225 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&wpwalk->range);
226 	dec_tlb_flush_pending(walk->mm);
227 }
228 
229 /*
230  * wp_clean_test_walk - The pagewalk test_walk callback.
231  *
232  * Won't perform dirty-tracking on COW, read-only or HUGETLB vmas.
233  */
234 static int wp_clean_test_walk(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
235 			      struct mm_walk *walk)
236 {
237 	unsigned long vm_flags = READ_ONCE(walk->vma->vm_flags);
238 
239 	/* Skip non-applicable VMAs */
240 	if ((vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE | VM_HUGETLB)) !=
241 	    (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE))
242 		return 1;
243 
244 	return 0;
245 }
246 
247 static const struct mm_walk_ops clean_walk_ops = {
248 	.pte_entry = clean_record_pte,
249 	.pmd_entry = wp_clean_pmd_entry,
250 	.pud_entry = wp_clean_pud_entry,
251 	.test_walk = wp_clean_test_walk,
252 	.pre_vma = wp_clean_pre_vma,
253 	.post_vma = wp_clean_post_vma
254 };
255 
256 static const struct mm_walk_ops wp_walk_ops = {
257 	.pte_entry = wp_pte,
258 	.pmd_entry = wp_clean_pmd_entry,
259 	.pud_entry = wp_clean_pud_entry,
260 	.test_walk = wp_clean_test_walk,
261 	.pre_vma = wp_clean_pre_vma,
262 	.post_vma = wp_clean_post_vma
263 };
264 
265 /**
266  * wp_shared_mapping_range - Write-protect all ptes in an address space range
267  * @mapping: The address_space we want to write protect
268  * @first_index: The first page offset in the range
269  * @nr: Number of incremental page offsets to cover
270  *
271  * Note: This function currently skips transhuge page-table entries, since
272  * it's intended for dirty-tracking on the PTE level. It will warn on
273  * encountering transhuge write-enabled entries, though, and can easily be
274  * extended to handle them as well.
275  *
276  * Return: The number of ptes actually write-protected. Note that
277  * already write-protected ptes are not counted.
278  */
279 unsigned long wp_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
280 				      pgoff_t first_index, pgoff_t nr)
281 {
282 	struct wp_walk wpwalk = { .total = 0 };
283 
284 	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
285 	WARN_ON(walk_page_mapping(mapping, first_index, nr, &wp_walk_ops,
286 				  &wpwalk));
287 	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
288 
289 	return wpwalk.total;
290 }
291 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wp_shared_mapping_range);
292 
293 /**
294  * clean_record_shared_mapping_range - Clean and record all ptes in an
295  * address space range
296  * @mapping: The address_space we want to clean
297  * @first_index: The first page offset in the range
298  * @nr: Number of incremental page offsets to cover
299  * @bitmap_pgoff: The page offset of the first bit in @bitmap
300  * @bitmap: Pointer to a bitmap of at least @nr bits. The bitmap needs to
301  * cover the whole range @first_index..@first_index + @nr.
302  * @start: Pointer to number of the first set bit in @bitmap.
303  * is modified as new bits are set by the function.
304  * @end: Pointer to the number of the last set bit in @bitmap.
305  * none set. The value is modified as new bits are set by the function.
306  *
307  * Note: When this function returns there is no guarantee that a CPU has
308  * not already dirtied new ptes. However it will not clean any ptes not
309  * reported in the bitmap. The guarantees are as follows:
310  * a) All ptes dirty when the function starts executing will end up recorded
311  *    in the bitmap.
312  * b) All ptes dirtied after that will either remain dirty, be recorded in the
313  *    bitmap or both.
314  *
315  * If a caller needs to make sure all dirty ptes are picked up and none
316  * additional are added, it first needs to write-protect the address-space
317  * range and make sure new writers are blocked in page_mkwrite() or
318  * pfn_mkwrite(). And then after a TLB flush following the write-protection
319  * pick up all dirty bits.
320  *
321  * This function currently skips transhuge page-table entries, since
322  * it's intended for dirty-tracking on the PTE level. It will warn on
323  * encountering transhuge dirty entries, though, and can easily be extended
324  * to handle them as well.
325  *
326  * Return: The number of dirty ptes actually cleaned.
327  */
328 unsigned long clean_record_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
329 						pgoff_t first_index, pgoff_t nr,
330 						pgoff_t bitmap_pgoff,
331 						unsigned long *bitmap,
332 						pgoff_t *start,
333 						pgoff_t *end)
334 {
335 	bool none_set = (*start >= *end);
336 	struct clean_walk cwalk = {
337 		.base = { .total = 0 },
338 		.bitmap_pgoff = bitmap_pgoff,
339 		.bitmap = bitmap,
340 		.start = none_set ? nr : *start,
341 		.end = none_set ? 0 : *end,
342 	};
343 
344 	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
345 	WARN_ON(walk_page_mapping(mapping, first_index, nr, &clean_walk_ops,
346 				  &cwalk.base));
347 	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
348 
349 	*start = cwalk.start;
350 	*end = cwalk.end;
351 
352 	return cwalk.base.total;
353 }
354 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(clean_record_shared_mapping_range);
355