xref: /linux/mm/madvise.c (revision 22511e665eadc2c49021886d07aaef39db90ca82)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *	linux/mm/madvise.c
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 1999  Linus Torvalds
6  * Copyright (C) 2002  Christoph Hellwig
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/mman.h>
10 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
11 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
12 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
13 #include <linux/page-isolation.h>
14 #include <linux/page_idle.h>
15 #include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
16 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
17 #include <linux/falloc.h>
18 #include <linux/fadvise.h>
19 #include <linux/sched.h>
20 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
21 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
22 #include <linux/string.h>
23 #include <linux/uio.h>
24 #include <linux/ksm.h>
25 #include <linux/fs.h>
26 #include <linux/file.h>
27 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
28 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
29 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
30 #include <linux/swap.h>
31 #include <linux/swapops.h>
32 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
33 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
34 
35 #include <asm/tlb.h>
36 
37 #include "internal.h"
38 
39 struct madvise_walk_private {
40 	struct mmu_gather *tlb;
41 	bool pageout;
42 };
43 
44 /*
45  * Any behaviour which results in changes to the vma->vm_flags needs to
46  * take mmap_lock for writing. Others, which simply traverse vmas, need
47  * to only take it for reading.
48  */
49 static int madvise_need_mmap_write(int behavior)
50 {
51 	switch (behavior) {
52 	case MADV_REMOVE:
53 	case MADV_WILLNEED:
54 	case MADV_DONTNEED:
55 	case MADV_DONTNEED_LOCKED:
56 	case MADV_COLD:
57 	case MADV_PAGEOUT:
58 	case MADV_FREE:
59 	case MADV_POPULATE_READ:
60 	case MADV_POPULATE_WRITE:
61 		return 0;
62 	default:
63 		/* be safe, default to 1. list exceptions explicitly */
64 		return 1;
65 	}
66 }
67 
68 #ifdef CONFIG_ANON_VMA_NAME
69 struct anon_vma_name *anon_vma_name_alloc(const char *name)
70 {
71 	struct anon_vma_name *anon_name;
72 	size_t count;
73 
74 	/* Add 1 for NUL terminator at the end of the anon_name->name */
75 	count = strlen(name) + 1;
76 	anon_name = kmalloc(struct_size(anon_name, name, count), GFP_KERNEL);
77 	if (anon_name) {
78 		kref_init(&anon_name->kref);
79 		memcpy(anon_name->name, name, count);
80 	}
81 
82 	return anon_name;
83 }
84 
85 void anon_vma_name_free(struct kref *kref)
86 {
87 	struct anon_vma_name *anon_name =
88 			container_of(kref, struct anon_vma_name, kref);
89 	kfree(anon_name);
90 }
91 
92 struct anon_vma_name *anon_vma_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
93 {
94 	mmap_assert_locked(vma->vm_mm);
95 
96 	if (vma->vm_file)
97 		return NULL;
98 
99 	return vma->anon_name;
100 }
101 
102 /* mmap_lock should be write-locked */
103 static int replace_anon_vma_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
104 				 struct anon_vma_name *anon_name)
105 {
106 	struct anon_vma_name *orig_name = anon_vma_name(vma);
107 
108 	if (!anon_name) {
109 		vma->anon_name = NULL;
110 		anon_vma_name_put(orig_name);
111 		return 0;
112 	}
113 
114 	if (anon_vma_name_eq(orig_name, anon_name))
115 		return 0;
116 
117 	vma->anon_name = anon_vma_name_reuse(anon_name);
118 	anon_vma_name_put(orig_name);
119 
120 	return 0;
121 }
122 #else /* CONFIG_ANON_VMA_NAME */
123 static int replace_anon_vma_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
124 				 struct anon_vma_name *anon_name)
125 {
126 	if (anon_name)
127 		return -EINVAL;
128 
129 	return 0;
130 }
131 #endif /* CONFIG_ANON_VMA_NAME */
132 /*
133  * Update the vm_flags on region of a vma, splitting it or merging it as
134  * necessary.  Must be called with mmap_sem held for writing;
135  * Caller should ensure anon_name stability by raising its refcount even when
136  * anon_name belongs to a valid vma because this function might free that vma.
137  */
138 static int madvise_update_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
139 			      struct vm_area_struct **prev, unsigned long start,
140 			      unsigned long end, unsigned long new_flags,
141 			      struct anon_vma_name *anon_name)
142 {
143 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
144 	int error;
145 	pgoff_t pgoff;
146 
147 	if (new_flags == vma->vm_flags && anon_vma_name_eq(anon_vma_name(vma), anon_name)) {
148 		*prev = vma;
149 		return 0;
150 	}
151 
152 	pgoff = vma->vm_pgoff + ((start - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
153 	*prev = vma_merge(mm, *prev, start, end, new_flags, vma->anon_vma,
154 			  vma->vm_file, pgoff, vma_policy(vma),
155 			  vma->vm_userfaultfd_ctx, anon_name);
156 	if (*prev) {
157 		vma = *prev;
158 		goto success;
159 	}
160 
161 	*prev = vma;
162 
163 	if (start != vma->vm_start) {
164 		if (unlikely(mm->map_count >= sysctl_max_map_count))
165 			return -ENOMEM;
166 		error = __split_vma(mm, vma, start, 1);
167 		if (error)
168 			return error;
169 	}
170 
171 	if (end != vma->vm_end) {
172 		if (unlikely(mm->map_count >= sysctl_max_map_count))
173 			return -ENOMEM;
174 		error = __split_vma(mm, vma, end, 0);
175 		if (error)
176 			return error;
177 	}
178 
179 success:
180 	/*
181 	 * vm_flags is protected by the mmap_lock held in write mode.
182 	 */
183 	vma->vm_flags = new_flags;
184 	if (!vma->vm_file) {
185 		error = replace_anon_vma_name(vma, anon_name);
186 		if (error)
187 			return error;
188 	}
189 
190 	return 0;
191 }
192 
193 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
194 static int swapin_walk_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
195 	unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
196 {
197 	pte_t *orig_pte;
198 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->private;
199 	unsigned long index;
200 
201 	if (pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad(pmd))
202 		return 0;
203 
204 	for (index = start; index != end; index += PAGE_SIZE) {
205 		pte_t pte;
206 		swp_entry_t entry;
207 		struct page *page;
208 		spinlock_t *ptl;
209 
210 		orig_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, start, &ptl);
211 		pte = *(orig_pte + ((index - start) / PAGE_SIZE));
212 		pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
213 
214 		if (pte_present(pte) || pte_none(pte))
215 			continue;
216 		entry = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
217 		if (unlikely(non_swap_entry(entry)))
218 			continue;
219 
220 		page = read_swap_cache_async(entry, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
221 							vma, index, false);
222 		if (page)
223 			put_page(page);
224 	}
225 
226 	return 0;
227 }
228 
229 static const struct mm_walk_ops swapin_walk_ops = {
230 	.pmd_entry		= swapin_walk_pmd_entry,
231 };
232 
233 static void force_shm_swapin_readahead(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
234 		unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
235 		struct address_space *mapping)
236 {
237 	XA_STATE(xas, &mapping->i_pages, linear_page_index(vma, start));
238 	pgoff_t end_index = linear_page_index(vma, end + PAGE_SIZE - 1);
239 	struct page *page;
240 
241 	rcu_read_lock();
242 	xas_for_each(&xas, page, end_index) {
243 		swp_entry_t swap;
244 
245 		if (!xa_is_value(page))
246 			continue;
247 		xas_pause(&xas);
248 		rcu_read_unlock();
249 
250 		swap = radix_to_swp_entry(page);
251 		page = read_swap_cache_async(swap, GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
252 							NULL, 0, false);
253 		if (page)
254 			put_page(page);
255 
256 		rcu_read_lock();
257 	}
258 	rcu_read_unlock();
259 
260 	lru_add_drain();	/* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
261 }
262 #endif		/* CONFIG_SWAP */
263 
264 /*
265  * Schedule all required I/O operations.  Do not wait for completion.
266  */
267 static long madvise_willneed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
268 			     struct vm_area_struct **prev,
269 			     unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
270 {
271 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
272 	struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
273 	loff_t offset;
274 
275 	*prev = vma;
276 #ifdef CONFIG_SWAP
277 	if (!file) {
278 		walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, start, end, &swapin_walk_ops, vma);
279 		lru_add_drain(); /* Push any new pages onto the LRU now */
280 		return 0;
281 	}
282 
283 	if (shmem_mapping(file->f_mapping)) {
284 		force_shm_swapin_readahead(vma, start, end,
285 					file->f_mapping);
286 		return 0;
287 	}
288 #else
289 	if (!file)
290 		return -EBADF;
291 #endif
292 
293 	if (IS_DAX(file_inode(file))) {
294 		/* no bad return value, but ignore advice */
295 		return 0;
296 	}
297 
298 	/*
299 	 * Filesystem's fadvise may need to take various locks.  We need to
300 	 * explicitly grab a reference because the vma (and hence the
301 	 * vma's reference to the file) can go away as soon as we drop
302 	 * mmap_lock.
303 	 */
304 	*prev = NULL;	/* tell sys_madvise we drop mmap_lock */
305 	get_file(file);
306 	offset = (loff_t)(start - vma->vm_start)
307 			+ ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT);
308 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
309 	vfs_fadvise(file, offset, end - start, POSIX_FADV_WILLNEED);
310 	fput(file);
311 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
312 	return 0;
313 }
314 
315 static int madvise_cold_or_pageout_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd,
316 				unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
317 				struct mm_walk *walk)
318 {
319 	struct madvise_walk_private *private = walk->private;
320 	struct mmu_gather *tlb = private->tlb;
321 	bool pageout = private->pageout;
322 	struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
323 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
324 	pte_t *orig_pte, *pte, ptent;
325 	spinlock_t *ptl;
326 	struct page *page = NULL;
327 	LIST_HEAD(page_list);
328 
329 	if (fatal_signal_pending(current))
330 		return -EINTR;
331 
332 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
333 	if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)) {
334 		pmd_t orig_pmd;
335 		unsigned long next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
336 
337 		tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
338 		ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
339 		if (!ptl)
340 			return 0;
341 
342 		orig_pmd = *pmd;
343 		if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd))
344 			goto huge_unlock;
345 
346 		if (unlikely(!pmd_present(orig_pmd))) {
347 			VM_BUG_ON(thp_migration_supported() &&
348 					!is_pmd_migration_entry(orig_pmd));
349 			goto huge_unlock;
350 		}
351 
352 		page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
353 
354 		/* Do not interfere with other mappings of this page */
355 		if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
356 			goto huge_unlock;
357 
358 		if (next - addr != HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) {
359 			int err;
360 
361 			get_page(page);
362 			spin_unlock(ptl);
363 			lock_page(page);
364 			err = split_huge_page(page);
365 			unlock_page(page);
366 			put_page(page);
367 			if (!err)
368 				goto regular_page;
369 			return 0;
370 		}
371 
372 		if (pmd_young(orig_pmd)) {
373 			pmdp_invalidate(vma, addr, pmd);
374 			orig_pmd = pmd_mkold(orig_pmd);
375 
376 			set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, orig_pmd);
377 			tlb_remove_pmd_tlb_entry(tlb, pmd, addr);
378 		}
379 
380 		ClearPageReferenced(page);
381 		test_and_clear_page_young(page);
382 		if (pageout) {
383 			if (!isolate_lru_page(page)) {
384 				if (PageUnevictable(page))
385 					putback_lru_page(page);
386 				else
387 					list_add(&page->lru, &page_list);
388 			}
389 		} else
390 			deactivate_page(page);
391 huge_unlock:
392 		spin_unlock(ptl);
393 		if (pageout)
394 			reclaim_pages(&page_list);
395 		return 0;
396 	}
397 
398 regular_page:
399 	if (pmd_trans_unstable(pmd))
400 		return 0;
401 #endif
402 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
403 	orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
404 	flush_tlb_batched_pending(mm);
405 	arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
406 	for (; addr < end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
407 		ptent = *pte;
408 
409 		if (pte_none(ptent))
410 			continue;
411 
412 		if (!pte_present(ptent))
413 			continue;
414 
415 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
416 		if (!page)
417 			continue;
418 
419 		/*
420 		 * Creating a THP page is expensive so split it only if we
421 		 * are sure it's worth. Split it if we are only owner.
422 		 */
423 		if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
424 			if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
425 				break;
426 			get_page(page);
427 			if (!trylock_page(page)) {
428 				put_page(page);
429 				break;
430 			}
431 			pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
432 			if (split_huge_page(page)) {
433 				unlock_page(page);
434 				put_page(page);
435 				pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
436 				break;
437 			}
438 			unlock_page(page);
439 			put_page(page);
440 			pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
441 			pte--;
442 			addr -= PAGE_SIZE;
443 			continue;
444 		}
445 
446 		/* Do not interfere with other mappings of this page */
447 		if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
448 			continue;
449 
450 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageTransCompound(page), page);
451 
452 		if (pte_young(ptent)) {
453 			ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
454 							tlb->fullmm);
455 			ptent = pte_mkold(ptent);
456 			set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, ptent);
457 			tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
458 		}
459 
460 		/*
461 		 * We are deactivating a page for accelerating reclaiming.
462 		 * VM couldn't reclaim the page unless we clear PG_young.
463 		 * As a side effect, it makes confuse idle-page tracking
464 		 * because they will miss recent referenced history.
465 		 */
466 		ClearPageReferenced(page);
467 		test_and_clear_page_young(page);
468 		if (pageout) {
469 			if (!isolate_lru_page(page)) {
470 				if (PageUnevictable(page))
471 					putback_lru_page(page);
472 				else
473 					list_add(&page->lru, &page_list);
474 			}
475 		} else
476 			deactivate_page(page);
477 	}
478 
479 	arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
480 	pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
481 	if (pageout)
482 		reclaim_pages(&page_list);
483 	cond_resched();
484 
485 	return 0;
486 }
487 
488 static const struct mm_walk_ops cold_walk_ops = {
489 	.pmd_entry = madvise_cold_or_pageout_pte_range,
490 };
491 
492 static void madvise_cold_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
493 			     struct vm_area_struct *vma,
494 			     unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
495 {
496 	struct madvise_walk_private walk_private = {
497 		.pageout = false,
498 		.tlb = tlb,
499 	};
500 
501 	tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
502 	walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, addr, end, &cold_walk_ops, &walk_private);
503 	tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
504 }
505 
506 static inline bool can_madv_lru_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
507 {
508 	return !(vma->vm_flags & (VM_LOCKED|VM_PFNMAP|VM_HUGETLB));
509 }
510 
511 static long madvise_cold(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
512 			struct vm_area_struct **prev,
513 			unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
514 {
515 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
516 	struct mmu_gather tlb;
517 
518 	*prev = vma;
519 	if (!can_madv_lru_vma(vma))
520 		return -EINVAL;
521 
522 	lru_add_drain();
523 	tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm);
524 	madvise_cold_page_range(&tlb, vma, start_addr, end_addr);
525 	tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
526 
527 	return 0;
528 }
529 
530 static void madvise_pageout_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
531 			     struct vm_area_struct *vma,
532 			     unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
533 {
534 	struct madvise_walk_private walk_private = {
535 		.pageout = true,
536 		.tlb = tlb,
537 	};
538 
539 	tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
540 	walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, addr, end, &cold_walk_ops, &walk_private);
541 	tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
542 }
543 
544 static inline bool can_do_pageout(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
545 {
546 	if (vma_is_anonymous(vma))
547 		return true;
548 	if (!vma->vm_file)
549 		return false;
550 	/*
551 	 * paging out pagecache only for non-anonymous mappings that correspond
552 	 * to the files the calling process could (if tried) open for writing;
553 	 * otherwise we'd be including shared non-exclusive mappings, which
554 	 * opens a side channel.
555 	 */
556 	return inode_owner_or_capable(&init_user_ns,
557 				      file_inode(vma->vm_file)) ||
558 	       file_permission(vma->vm_file, MAY_WRITE) == 0;
559 }
560 
561 static long madvise_pageout(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
562 			struct vm_area_struct **prev,
563 			unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
564 {
565 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
566 	struct mmu_gather tlb;
567 
568 	*prev = vma;
569 	if (!can_madv_lru_vma(vma))
570 		return -EINVAL;
571 
572 	if (!can_do_pageout(vma))
573 		return 0;
574 
575 	lru_add_drain();
576 	tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm);
577 	madvise_pageout_page_range(&tlb, vma, start_addr, end_addr);
578 	tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
579 
580 	return 0;
581 }
582 
583 static int madvise_free_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
584 				unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
585 
586 {
587 	struct mmu_gather *tlb = walk->private;
588 	struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
589 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
590 	spinlock_t *ptl;
591 	pte_t *orig_pte, *pte, ptent;
592 	struct page *page;
593 	int nr_swap = 0;
594 	unsigned long next;
595 
596 	next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
597 	if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd))
598 		if (madvise_free_huge_pmd(tlb, vma, pmd, addr, next))
599 			goto next;
600 
601 	if (pmd_trans_unstable(pmd))
602 		return 0;
603 
604 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
605 	orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
606 	flush_tlb_batched_pending(mm);
607 	arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
608 	for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
609 		ptent = *pte;
610 
611 		if (pte_none(ptent))
612 			continue;
613 		/*
614 		 * If the pte has swp_entry, just clear page table to
615 		 * prevent swap-in which is more expensive rather than
616 		 * (page allocation + zeroing).
617 		 */
618 		if (!pte_present(ptent)) {
619 			swp_entry_t entry;
620 
621 			entry = pte_to_swp_entry(ptent);
622 			if (non_swap_entry(entry))
623 				continue;
624 			nr_swap--;
625 			free_swap_and_cache(entry);
626 			pte_clear_not_present_full(mm, addr, pte, tlb->fullmm);
627 			continue;
628 		}
629 
630 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
631 		if (!page)
632 			continue;
633 
634 		/*
635 		 * If pmd isn't transhuge but the page is THP and
636 		 * is owned by only this process, split it and
637 		 * deactivate all pages.
638 		 */
639 		if (PageTransCompound(page)) {
640 			if (page_mapcount(page) != 1)
641 				goto out;
642 			get_page(page);
643 			if (!trylock_page(page)) {
644 				put_page(page);
645 				goto out;
646 			}
647 			pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
648 			if (split_huge_page(page)) {
649 				unlock_page(page);
650 				put_page(page);
651 				pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
652 				goto out;
653 			}
654 			unlock_page(page);
655 			put_page(page);
656 			pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
657 			pte--;
658 			addr -= PAGE_SIZE;
659 			continue;
660 		}
661 
662 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageTransCompound(page), page);
663 
664 		if (PageSwapCache(page) || PageDirty(page)) {
665 			if (!trylock_page(page))
666 				continue;
667 			/*
668 			 * If page is shared with others, we couldn't clear
669 			 * PG_dirty of the page.
670 			 */
671 			if (page_mapcount(page) != 1) {
672 				unlock_page(page);
673 				continue;
674 			}
675 
676 			if (PageSwapCache(page) && !try_to_free_swap(page)) {
677 				unlock_page(page);
678 				continue;
679 			}
680 
681 			ClearPageDirty(page);
682 			unlock_page(page);
683 		}
684 
685 		if (pte_young(ptent) || pte_dirty(ptent)) {
686 			/*
687 			 * Some of architecture(ex, PPC) don't update TLB
688 			 * with set_pte_at and tlb_remove_tlb_entry so for
689 			 * the portability, remap the pte with old|clean
690 			 * after pte clearing.
691 			 */
692 			ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
693 							tlb->fullmm);
694 
695 			ptent = pte_mkold(ptent);
696 			ptent = pte_mkclean(ptent);
697 			set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, ptent);
698 			tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
699 		}
700 		mark_page_lazyfree(page);
701 	}
702 out:
703 	if (nr_swap) {
704 		if (current->mm == mm)
705 			sync_mm_rss(mm);
706 
707 		add_mm_counter(mm, MM_SWAPENTS, nr_swap);
708 	}
709 	arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
710 	pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
711 	cond_resched();
712 next:
713 	return 0;
714 }
715 
716 static const struct mm_walk_ops madvise_free_walk_ops = {
717 	.pmd_entry		= madvise_free_pte_range,
718 };
719 
720 static int madvise_free_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
721 			unsigned long start_addr, unsigned long end_addr)
722 {
723 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
724 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
725 	struct mmu_gather tlb;
726 
727 	/* MADV_FREE works for only anon vma at the moment */
728 	if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma))
729 		return -EINVAL;
730 
731 	range.start = max(vma->vm_start, start_addr);
732 	if (range.start >= vma->vm_end)
733 		return -EINVAL;
734 	range.end = min(vma->vm_end, end_addr);
735 	if (range.end <= vma->vm_start)
736 		return -EINVAL;
737 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, mm,
738 				range.start, range.end);
739 
740 	lru_add_drain();
741 	tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, mm);
742 	update_hiwater_rss(mm);
743 
744 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
745 	tlb_start_vma(&tlb, vma);
746 	walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, range.start, range.end,
747 			&madvise_free_walk_ops, &tlb);
748 	tlb_end_vma(&tlb, vma);
749 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
750 	tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
751 
752 	return 0;
753 }
754 
755 /*
756  * Application no longer needs these pages.  If the pages are dirty,
757  * it's OK to just throw them away.  The app will be more careful about
758  * data it wants to keep.  Be sure to free swap resources too.  The
759  * zap_page_range call sets things up for shrink_active_list to actually free
760  * these pages later if no one else has touched them in the meantime,
761  * although we could add these pages to a global reuse list for
762  * shrink_active_list to pick up before reclaiming other pages.
763  *
764  * NB: This interface discards data rather than pushes it out to swap,
765  * as some implementations do.  This has performance implications for
766  * applications like large transactional databases which want to discard
767  * pages in anonymous maps after committing to backing store the data
768  * that was kept in them.  There is no reason to write this data out to
769  * the swap area if the application is discarding it.
770  *
771  * An interface that causes the system to free clean pages and flush
772  * dirty pages is already available as msync(MS_INVALIDATE).
773  */
774 static long madvise_dontneed_single_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
775 					unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
776 {
777 	zap_page_range(vma, start, end - start);
778 	return 0;
779 }
780 
781 static bool madvise_dontneed_free_valid_vma(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
782 					    unsigned long start,
783 					    unsigned long *end,
784 					    int behavior)
785 {
786 	if (!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma)) {
787 		unsigned int forbidden = VM_PFNMAP;
788 
789 		if (behavior != MADV_DONTNEED_LOCKED)
790 			forbidden |= VM_LOCKED;
791 
792 		return !(vma->vm_flags & forbidden);
793 	}
794 
795 	if (behavior != MADV_DONTNEED && behavior != MADV_DONTNEED_LOCKED)
796 		return false;
797 	if (start & ~huge_page_mask(hstate_vma(vma)))
798 		return false;
799 
800 	*end = ALIGN(*end, huge_page_size(hstate_vma(vma)));
801 	return true;
802 }
803 
804 static long madvise_dontneed_free(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
805 				  struct vm_area_struct **prev,
806 				  unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
807 				  int behavior)
808 {
809 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
810 
811 	*prev = vma;
812 	if (!madvise_dontneed_free_valid_vma(vma, start, &end, behavior))
813 		return -EINVAL;
814 
815 	if (!userfaultfd_remove(vma, start, end)) {
816 		*prev = NULL; /* mmap_lock has been dropped, prev is stale */
817 
818 		mmap_read_lock(mm);
819 		vma = find_vma(mm, start);
820 		if (!vma)
821 			return -ENOMEM;
822 		if (start < vma->vm_start) {
823 			/*
824 			 * This "vma" under revalidation is the one
825 			 * with the lowest vma->vm_start where start
826 			 * is also < vma->vm_end. If start <
827 			 * vma->vm_start it means an hole materialized
828 			 * in the user address space within the
829 			 * virtual range passed to MADV_DONTNEED
830 			 * or MADV_FREE.
831 			 */
832 			return -ENOMEM;
833 		}
834 		/*
835 		 * Potential end adjustment for hugetlb vma is OK as
836 		 * the check below keeps end within vma.
837 		 */
838 		if (!madvise_dontneed_free_valid_vma(vma, start, &end,
839 						     behavior))
840 			return -EINVAL;
841 		if (end > vma->vm_end) {
842 			/*
843 			 * Don't fail if end > vma->vm_end. If the old
844 			 * vma was split while the mmap_lock was
845 			 * released the effect of the concurrent
846 			 * operation may not cause madvise() to
847 			 * have an undefined result. There may be an
848 			 * adjacent next vma that we'll walk
849 			 * next. userfaultfd_remove() will generate an
850 			 * UFFD_EVENT_REMOVE repetition on the
851 			 * end-vma->vm_end range, but the manager can
852 			 * handle a repetition fine.
853 			 */
854 			end = vma->vm_end;
855 		}
856 		VM_WARN_ON(start >= end);
857 	}
858 
859 	if (behavior == MADV_DONTNEED || behavior == MADV_DONTNEED_LOCKED)
860 		return madvise_dontneed_single_vma(vma, start, end);
861 	else if (behavior == MADV_FREE)
862 		return madvise_free_single_vma(vma, start, end);
863 	else
864 		return -EINVAL;
865 }
866 
867 static long madvise_populate(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
868 			     struct vm_area_struct **prev,
869 			     unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
870 			     int behavior)
871 {
872 	const bool write = behavior == MADV_POPULATE_WRITE;
873 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
874 	unsigned long tmp_end;
875 	int locked = 1;
876 	long pages;
877 
878 	*prev = vma;
879 
880 	while (start < end) {
881 		/*
882 		 * We might have temporarily dropped the lock. For example,
883 		 * our VMA might have been split.
884 		 */
885 		if (!vma || start >= vma->vm_end) {
886 			vma = vma_lookup(mm, start);
887 			if (!vma)
888 				return -ENOMEM;
889 		}
890 
891 		tmp_end = min_t(unsigned long, end, vma->vm_end);
892 		/* Populate (prefault) page tables readable/writable. */
893 		pages = faultin_vma_page_range(vma, start, tmp_end, write,
894 					       &locked);
895 		if (!locked) {
896 			mmap_read_lock(mm);
897 			locked = 1;
898 			*prev = NULL;
899 			vma = NULL;
900 		}
901 		if (pages < 0) {
902 			switch (pages) {
903 			case -EINTR:
904 				return -EINTR;
905 			case -EINVAL: /* Incompatible mappings / permissions. */
906 				return -EINVAL;
907 			case -EHWPOISON:
908 				return -EHWPOISON;
909 			case -EFAULT: /* VM_FAULT_SIGBUS or VM_FAULT_SIGSEGV */
910 				return -EFAULT;
911 			default:
912 				pr_warn_once("%s: unhandled return value: %ld\n",
913 					     __func__, pages);
914 				fallthrough;
915 			case -ENOMEM:
916 				return -ENOMEM;
917 			}
918 		}
919 		start += pages * PAGE_SIZE;
920 	}
921 	return 0;
922 }
923 
924 /*
925  * Application wants to free up the pages and associated backing store.
926  * This is effectively punching a hole into the middle of a file.
927  */
928 static long madvise_remove(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
929 				struct vm_area_struct **prev,
930 				unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
931 {
932 	loff_t offset;
933 	int error;
934 	struct file *f;
935 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
936 
937 	*prev = NULL;	/* tell sys_madvise we drop mmap_lock */
938 
939 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
940 		return -EINVAL;
941 
942 	f = vma->vm_file;
943 
944 	if (!f || !f->f_mapping || !f->f_mapping->host) {
945 			return -EINVAL;
946 	}
947 
948 	if ((vma->vm_flags & (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE)) != (VM_SHARED|VM_WRITE))
949 		return -EACCES;
950 
951 	offset = (loff_t)(start - vma->vm_start)
952 			+ ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT);
953 
954 	/*
955 	 * Filesystem's fallocate may need to take i_rwsem.  We need to
956 	 * explicitly grab a reference because the vma (and hence the
957 	 * vma's reference to the file) can go away as soon as we drop
958 	 * mmap_lock.
959 	 */
960 	get_file(f);
961 	if (userfaultfd_remove(vma, start, end)) {
962 		/* mmap_lock was not released by userfaultfd_remove() */
963 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
964 	}
965 	error = vfs_fallocate(f,
966 				FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE | FALLOC_FL_KEEP_SIZE,
967 				offset, end - start);
968 	fput(f);
969 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
970 	return error;
971 }
972 
973 /*
974  * Apply an madvise behavior to a region of a vma.  madvise_update_vma
975  * will handle splitting a vm area into separate areas, each area with its own
976  * behavior.
977  */
978 static int madvise_vma_behavior(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
979 				struct vm_area_struct **prev,
980 				unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
981 				unsigned long behavior)
982 {
983 	int error;
984 	struct anon_vma_name *anon_name;
985 	unsigned long new_flags = vma->vm_flags;
986 
987 	switch (behavior) {
988 	case MADV_REMOVE:
989 		return madvise_remove(vma, prev, start, end);
990 	case MADV_WILLNEED:
991 		return madvise_willneed(vma, prev, start, end);
992 	case MADV_COLD:
993 		return madvise_cold(vma, prev, start, end);
994 	case MADV_PAGEOUT:
995 		return madvise_pageout(vma, prev, start, end);
996 	case MADV_FREE:
997 	case MADV_DONTNEED:
998 	case MADV_DONTNEED_LOCKED:
999 		return madvise_dontneed_free(vma, prev, start, end, behavior);
1000 	case MADV_POPULATE_READ:
1001 	case MADV_POPULATE_WRITE:
1002 		return madvise_populate(vma, prev, start, end, behavior);
1003 	case MADV_NORMAL:
1004 		new_flags = new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ & ~VM_SEQ_READ;
1005 		break;
1006 	case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
1007 		new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_RAND_READ) | VM_SEQ_READ;
1008 		break;
1009 	case MADV_RANDOM:
1010 		new_flags = (new_flags & ~VM_SEQ_READ) | VM_RAND_READ;
1011 		break;
1012 	case MADV_DONTFORK:
1013 		new_flags |= VM_DONTCOPY;
1014 		break;
1015 	case MADV_DOFORK:
1016 		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_IO)
1017 			return -EINVAL;
1018 		new_flags &= ~VM_DONTCOPY;
1019 		break;
1020 	case MADV_WIPEONFORK:
1021 		/* MADV_WIPEONFORK is only supported on anonymous memory. */
1022 		if (vma->vm_file || vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)
1023 			return -EINVAL;
1024 		new_flags |= VM_WIPEONFORK;
1025 		break;
1026 	case MADV_KEEPONFORK:
1027 		new_flags &= ~VM_WIPEONFORK;
1028 		break;
1029 	case MADV_DONTDUMP:
1030 		new_flags |= VM_DONTDUMP;
1031 		break;
1032 	case MADV_DODUMP:
1033 		if (!is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma) && new_flags & VM_SPECIAL)
1034 			return -EINVAL;
1035 		new_flags &= ~VM_DONTDUMP;
1036 		break;
1037 	case MADV_MERGEABLE:
1038 	case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
1039 		error = ksm_madvise(vma, start, end, behavior, &new_flags);
1040 		if (error)
1041 			goto out;
1042 		break;
1043 	case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
1044 	case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
1045 		error = hugepage_madvise(vma, &new_flags, behavior);
1046 		if (error)
1047 			goto out;
1048 		break;
1049 	}
1050 
1051 	anon_name = anon_vma_name(vma);
1052 	anon_vma_name_get(anon_name);
1053 	error = madvise_update_vma(vma, prev, start, end, new_flags,
1054 				   anon_name);
1055 	anon_vma_name_put(anon_name);
1056 
1057 out:
1058 	/*
1059 	 * madvise() returns EAGAIN if kernel resources, such as
1060 	 * slab, are temporarily unavailable.
1061 	 */
1062 	if (error == -ENOMEM)
1063 		error = -EAGAIN;
1064 	return error;
1065 }
1066 
1067 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
1068 /*
1069  * Error injection support for memory error handling.
1070  */
1071 static int madvise_inject_error(int behavior,
1072 		unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
1073 {
1074 	unsigned long size;
1075 
1076 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
1077 		return -EPERM;
1078 
1079 
1080 	for (; start < end; start += size) {
1081 		unsigned long pfn;
1082 		struct page *page;
1083 		int ret;
1084 
1085 		ret = get_user_pages_fast(start, 1, 0, &page);
1086 		if (ret != 1)
1087 			return ret;
1088 		pfn = page_to_pfn(page);
1089 
1090 		/*
1091 		 * When soft offlining hugepages, after migrating the page
1092 		 * we dissolve it, therefore in the second loop "page" will
1093 		 * no longer be a compound page.
1094 		 */
1095 		size = page_size(compound_head(page));
1096 
1097 		if (behavior == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE) {
1098 			pr_info("Soft offlining pfn %#lx at process virtual address %#lx\n",
1099 				 pfn, start);
1100 			ret = soft_offline_page(pfn, MF_COUNT_INCREASED);
1101 		} else {
1102 			pr_info("Injecting memory failure for pfn %#lx at process virtual address %#lx\n",
1103 				 pfn, start);
1104 			ret = memory_failure(pfn, MF_COUNT_INCREASED);
1105 			if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP)
1106 				ret = 0;
1107 		}
1108 
1109 		if (ret)
1110 			return ret;
1111 	}
1112 
1113 	return 0;
1114 }
1115 #endif
1116 
1117 static bool
1118 madvise_behavior_valid(int behavior)
1119 {
1120 	switch (behavior) {
1121 	case MADV_DOFORK:
1122 	case MADV_DONTFORK:
1123 	case MADV_NORMAL:
1124 	case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
1125 	case MADV_RANDOM:
1126 	case MADV_REMOVE:
1127 	case MADV_WILLNEED:
1128 	case MADV_DONTNEED:
1129 	case MADV_DONTNEED_LOCKED:
1130 	case MADV_FREE:
1131 	case MADV_COLD:
1132 	case MADV_PAGEOUT:
1133 	case MADV_POPULATE_READ:
1134 	case MADV_POPULATE_WRITE:
1135 #ifdef CONFIG_KSM
1136 	case MADV_MERGEABLE:
1137 	case MADV_UNMERGEABLE:
1138 #endif
1139 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
1140 	case MADV_HUGEPAGE:
1141 	case MADV_NOHUGEPAGE:
1142 #endif
1143 	case MADV_DONTDUMP:
1144 	case MADV_DODUMP:
1145 	case MADV_WIPEONFORK:
1146 	case MADV_KEEPONFORK:
1147 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
1148 	case MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE:
1149 	case MADV_HWPOISON:
1150 #endif
1151 		return true;
1152 
1153 	default:
1154 		return false;
1155 	}
1156 }
1157 
1158 static bool
1159 process_madvise_behavior_valid(int behavior)
1160 {
1161 	switch (behavior) {
1162 	case MADV_COLD:
1163 	case MADV_PAGEOUT:
1164 	case MADV_WILLNEED:
1165 		return true;
1166 	default:
1167 		return false;
1168 	}
1169 }
1170 
1171 /*
1172  * Walk the vmas in range [start,end), and call the visit function on each one.
1173  * The visit function will get start and end parameters that cover the overlap
1174  * between the current vma and the original range.  Any unmapped regions in the
1175  * original range will result in this function returning -ENOMEM while still
1176  * calling the visit function on all of the existing vmas in the range.
1177  * Must be called with the mmap_lock held for reading or writing.
1178  */
1179 static
1180 int madvise_walk_vmas(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start,
1181 		      unsigned long end, unsigned long arg,
1182 		      int (*visit)(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1183 				   struct vm_area_struct **prev, unsigned long start,
1184 				   unsigned long end, unsigned long arg))
1185 {
1186 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1187 	struct vm_area_struct *prev;
1188 	unsigned long tmp;
1189 	int unmapped_error = 0;
1190 
1191 	/*
1192 	 * If the interval [start,end) covers some unmapped address
1193 	 * ranges, just ignore them, but return -ENOMEM at the end.
1194 	 * - different from the way of handling in mlock etc.
1195 	 */
1196 	vma = find_vma_prev(mm, start, &prev);
1197 	if (vma && start > vma->vm_start)
1198 		prev = vma;
1199 
1200 	for (;;) {
1201 		int error;
1202 
1203 		/* Still start < end. */
1204 		if (!vma)
1205 			return -ENOMEM;
1206 
1207 		/* Here start < (end|vma->vm_end). */
1208 		if (start < vma->vm_start) {
1209 			unmapped_error = -ENOMEM;
1210 			start = vma->vm_start;
1211 			if (start >= end)
1212 				break;
1213 		}
1214 
1215 		/* Here vma->vm_start <= start < (end|vma->vm_end) */
1216 		tmp = vma->vm_end;
1217 		if (end < tmp)
1218 			tmp = end;
1219 
1220 		/* Here vma->vm_start <= start < tmp <= (end|vma->vm_end). */
1221 		error = visit(vma, &prev, start, tmp, arg);
1222 		if (error)
1223 			return error;
1224 		start = tmp;
1225 		if (prev && start < prev->vm_end)
1226 			start = prev->vm_end;
1227 		if (start >= end)
1228 			break;
1229 		if (prev)
1230 			vma = prev->vm_next;
1231 		else	/* madvise_remove dropped mmap_lock */
1232 			vma = find_vma(mm, start);
1233 	}
1234 
1235 	return unmapped_error;
1236 }
1237 
1238 #ifdef CONFIG_ANON_VMA_NAME
1239 static int madvise_vma_anon_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1240 				 struct vm_area_struct **prev,
1241 				 unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
1242 				 unsigned long anon_name)
1243 {
1244 	int error;
1245 
1246 	/* Only anonymous mappings can be named */
1247 	if (vma->vm_file)
1248 		return -EBADF;
1249 
1250 	error = madvise_update_vma(vma, prev, start, end, vma->vm_flags,
1251 				   (struct anon_vma_name *)anon_name);
1252 
1253 	/*
1254 	 * madvise() returns EAGAIN if kernel resources, such as
1255 	 * slab, are temporarily unavailable.
1256 	 */
1257 	if (error == -ENOMEM)
1258 		error = -EAGAIN;
1259 	return error;
1260 }
1261 
1262 int madvise_set_anon_name(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start,
1263 			  unsigned long len_in, struct anon_vma_name *anon_name)
1264 {
1265 	unsigned long end;
1266 	unsigned long len;
1267 
1268 	if (start & ~PAGE_MASK)
1269 		return -EINVAL;
1270 	len = (len_in + ~PAGE_MASK) & PAGE_MASK;
1271 
1272 	/* Check to see whether len was rounded up from small -ve to zero */
1273 	if (len_in && !len)
1274 		return -EINVAL;
1275 
1276 	end = start + len;
1277 	if (end < start)
1278 		return -EINVAL;
1279 
1280 	if (end == start)
1281 		return 0;
1282 
1283 	return madvise_walk_vmas(mm, start, end, (unsigned long)anon_name,
1284 				 madvise_vma_anon_name);
1285 }
1286 #endif /* CONFIG_ANON_VMA_NAME */
1287 /*
1288  * The madvise(2) system call.
1289  *
1290  * Applications can use madvise() to advise the kernel how it should
1291  * handle paging I/O in this VM area.  The idea is to help the kernel
1292  * use appropriate read-ahead and caching techniques.  The information
1293  * provided is advisory only, and can be safely disregarded by the
1294  * kernel without affecting the correct operation of the application.
1295  *
1296  * behavior values:
1297  *  MADV_NORMAL - the default behavior is to read clusters.  This
1298  *		results in some read-ahead and read-behind.
1299  *  MADV_RANDOM - the system should read the minimum amount of data
1300  *		on any access, since it is unlikely that the appli-
1301  *		cation will need more than what it asks for.
1302  *  MADV_SEQUENTIAL - pages in the given range will probably be accessed
1303  *		once, so they can be aggressively read ahead, and
1304  *		can be freed soon after they are accessed.
1305  *  MADV_WILLNEED - the application is notifying the system to read
1306  *		some pages ahead.
1307  *  MADV_DONTNEED - the application is finished with the given range,
1308  *		so the kernel can free resources associated with it.
1309  *  MADV_FREE - the application marks pages in the given range as lazy free,
1310  *		where actual purges are postponed until memory pressure happens.
1311  *  MADV_REMOVE - the application wants to free up the given range of
1312  *		pages and associated backing store.
1313  *  MADV_DONTFORK - omit this area from child's address space when forking:
1314  *		typically, to avoid COWing pages pinned by get_user_pages().
1315  *  MADV_DOFORK - cancel MADV_DONTFORK: no longer omit this area when forking.
1316  *  MADV_WIPEONFORK - present the child process with zero-filled memory in this
1317  *              range after a fork.
1318  *  MADV_KEEPONFORK - undo the effect of MADV_WIPEONFORK
1319  *  MADV_HWPOISON - trigger memory error handler as if the given memory range
1320  *		were corrupted by unrecoverable hardware memory failure.
1321  *  MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE - try to soft-offline the given range of memory.
1322  *  MADV_MERGEABLE - the application recommends that KSM try to merge pages in
1323  *		this area with pages of identical content from other such areas.
1324  *  MADV_UNMERGEABLE- cancel MADV_MERGEABLE: no longer merge pages with others.
1325  *  MADV_HUGEPAGE - the application wants to back the given range by transparent
1326  *		huge pages in the future. Existing pages might be coalesced and
1327  *		new pages might be allocated as THP.
1328  *  MADV_NOHUGEPAGE - mark the given range as not worth being backed by
1329  *		transparent huge pages so the existing pages will not be
1330  *		coalesced into THP and new pages will not be allocated as THP.
1331  *  MADV_DONTDUMP - the application wants to prevent pages in the given range
1332  *		from being included in its core dump.
1333  *  MADV_DODUMP - cancel MADV_DONTDUMP: no longer exclude from core dump.
1334  *  MADV_COLD - the application is not expected to use this memory soon,
1335  *		deactivate pages in this range so that they can be reclaimed
1336  *		easily if memory pressure happens.
1337  *  MADV_PAGEOUT - the application is not expected to use this memory soon,
1338  *		page out the pages in this range immediately.
1339  *  MADV_POPULATE_READ - populate (prefault) page tables readable by
1340  *		triggering read faults if required
1341  *  MADV_POPULATE_WRITE - populate (prefault) page tables writable by
1342  *		triggering write faults if required
1343  *
1344  * return values:
1345  *  zero    - success
1346  *  -EINVAL - start + len < 0, start is not page-aligned,
1347  *		"behavior" is not a valid value, or application
1348  *		is attempting to release locked or shared pages,
1349  *		or the specified address range includes file, Huge TLB,
1350  *		MAP_SHARED or VMPFNMAP range.
1351  *  -ENOMEM - addresses in the specified range are not currently
1352  *		mapped, or are outside the AS of the process.
1353  *  -EIO    - an I/O error occurred while paging in data.
1354  *  -EBADF  - map exists, but area maps something that isn't a file.
1355  *  -EAGAIN - a kernel resource was temporarily unavailable.
1356  */
1357 int do_madvise(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start, size_t len_in, int behavior)
1358 {
1359 	unsigned long end;
1360 	int error;
1361 	int write;
1362 	size_t len;
1363 	struct blk_plug plug;
1364 
1365 	start = untagged_addr(start);
1366 
1367 	if (!madvise_behavior_valid(behavior))
1368 		return -EINVAL;
1369 
1370 	if (!PAGE_ALIGNED(start))
1371 		return -EINVAL;
1372 	len = PAGE_ALIGN(len_in);
1373 
1374 	/* Check to see whether len was rounded up from small -ve to zero */
1375 	if (len_in && !len)
1376 		return -EINVAL;
1377 
1378 	end = start + len;
1379 	if (end < start)
1380 		return -EINVAL;
1381 
1382 	if (end == start)
1383 		return 0;
1384 
1385 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_FAILURE
1386 	if (behavior == MADV_HWPOISON || behavior == MADV_SOFT_OFFLINE)
1387 		return madvise_inject_error(behavior, start, start + len_in);
1388 #endif
1389 
1390 	write = madvise_need_mmap_write(behavior);
1391 	if (write) {
1392 		if (mmap_write_lock_killable(mm))
1393 			return -EINTR;
1394 	} else {
1395 		mmap_read_lock(mm);
1396 	}
1397 
1398 	blk_start_plug(&plug);
1399 	error = madvise_walk_vmas(mm, start, end, behavior,
1400 			madvise_vma_behavior);
1401 	blk_finish_plug(&plug);
1402 	if (write)
1403 		mmap_write_unlock(mm);
1404 	else
1405 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1406 
1407 	return error;
1408 }
1409 
1410 SYSCALL_DEFINE3(madvise, unsigned long, start, size_t, len_in, int, behavior)
1411 {
1412 	return do_madvise(current->mm, start, len_in, behavior);
1413 }
1414 
1415 SYSCALL_DEFINE5(process_madvise, int, pidfd, const struct iovec __user *, vec,
1416 		size_t, vlen, int, behavior, unsigned int, flags)
1417 {
1418 	ssize_t ret;
1419 	struct iovec iovstack[UIO_FASTIOV], iovec;
1420 	struct iovec *iov = iovstack;
1421 	struct iov_iter iter;
1422 	struct task_struct *task;
1423 	struct mm_struct *mm;
1424 	size_t total_len;
1425 	unsigned int f_flags;
1426 
1427 	if (flags != 0) {
1428 		ret = -EINVAL;
1429 		goto out;
1430 	}
1431 
1432 	ret = import_iovec(READ, vec, vlen, ARRAY_SIZE(iovstack), &iov, &iter);
1433 	if (ret < 0)
1434 		goto out;
1435 
1436 	task = pidfd_get_task(pidfd, &f_flags);
1437 	if (IS_ERR(task)) {
1438 		ret = PTR_ERR(task);
1439 		goto free_iov;
1440 	}
1441 
1442 	if (!process_madvise_behavior_valid(behavior)) {
1443 		ret = -EINVAL;
1444 		goto release_task;
1445 	}
1446 
1447 	/* Require PTRACE_MODE_READ to avoid leaking ASLR metadata. */
1448 	mm = mm_access(task, PTRACE_MODE_READ_FSCREDS);
1449 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mm)) {
1450 		ret = IS_ERR(mm) ? PTR_ERR(mm) : -ESRCH;
1451 		goto release_task;
1452 	}
1453 
1454 	/*
1455 	 * Require CAP_SYS_NICE for influencing process performance. Note that
1456 	 * only non-destructive hints are currently supported.
1457 	 */
1458 	if (!capable(CAP_SYS_NICE)) {
1459 		ret = -EPERM;
1460 		goto release_mm;
1461 	}
1462 
1463 	total_len = iov_iter_count(&iter);
1464 
1465 	while (iov_iter_count(&iter)) {
1466 		iovec = iov_iter_iovec(&iter);
1467 		ret = do_madvise(mm, (unsigned long)iovec.iov_base,
1468 					iovec.iov_len, behavior);
1469 		if (ret < 0)
1470 			break;
1471 		iov_iter_advance(&iter, iovec.iov_len);
1472 	}
1473 
1474 	ret = (total_len - iov_iter_count(&iter)) ? : ret;
1475 
1476 release_mm:
1477 	mmput(mm);
1478 release_task:
1479 	put_task_struct(task);
1480 free_iov:
1481 	kfree(iov);
1482 out:
1483 	return ret;
1484 }
1485