xref: /linux/mm/kmsan/core.c (revision ff19a8dee196d757dbc32a946843260f0b784ca3)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * KMSAN runtime library.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2017-2022 Google LLC
6  * Author: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
7  *
8  */
9 
10 #include <asm/page.h>
11 #include <linux/compiler.h>
12 #include <linux/export.h>
13 #include <linux/highmem.h>
14 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
15 #include <linux/kernel.h>
16 #include <linux/kmsan_types.h>
17 #include <linux/memory.h>
18 #include <linux/mm.h>
19 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
20 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
21 #include <linux/percpu-defs.h>
22 #include <linux/preempt.h>
23 #include <linux/slab.h>
24 #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
25 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
26 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
28 
29 #include "../slab.h"
30 #include "kmsan.h"
31 
32 bool kmsan_enabled __read_mostly;
33 
34 /*
35  * Per-CPU KMSAN context to be used in interrupts, where current->kmsan is
36  * unavaliable.
37  */
38 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kmsan_ctx, kmsan_percpu_ctx);
39 
40 void kmsan_internal_task_create(struct task_struct *task)
41 {
42 	struct kmsan_ctx *ctx = &task->kmsan_ctx;
43 	struct thread_info *info = current_thread_info();
44 
45 	__memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
46 	ctx->allow_reporting = true;
47 	kmsan_internal_unpoison_memory(info, sizeof(*info), false);
48 }
49 
50 void kmsan_internal_poison_memory(void *address, size_t size, gfp_t flags,
51 				  unsigned int poison_flags)
52 {
53 	u32 extra_bits =
54 		kmsan_extra_bits(/*depth*/ 0, poison_flags & KMSAN_POISON_FREE);
55 	bool checked = poison_flags & KMSAN_POISON_CHECK;
56 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
57 
58 	handle = kmsan_save_stack_with_flags(flags, extra_bits);
59 	kmsan_internal_set_shadow_origin(address, size, -1, handle, checked);
60 }
61 
62 void kmsan_internal_unpoison_memory(void *address, size_t size, bool checked)
63 {
64 	kmsan_internal_set_shadow_origin(address, size, 0, 0, checked);
65 }
66 
67 depot_stack_handle_t kmsan_save_stack_with_flags(gfp_t flags,
68 						 unsigned int extra)
69 {
70 	unsigned long entries[KMSAN_STACK_DEPTH];
71 	unsigned int nr_entries;
72 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
73 
74 	nr_entries = stack_trace_save(entries, KMSAN_STACK_DEPTH, 0);
75 
76 	/* Don't sleep (see might_sleep_if() in __alloc_pages_nodemask()). */
77 	flags &= ~__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM;
78 
79 	handle = __stack_depot_save(entries, nr_entries, flags, true);
80 	return stack_depot_set_extra_bits(handle, extra);
81 }
82 
83 /* Copy the metadata following the memmove() behavior. */
84 void kmsan_internal_memmove_metadata(void *dst, void *src, size_t n)
85 {
86 	depot_stack_handle_t old_origin = 0, new_origin = 0;
87 	int src_slots, dst_slots, i, iter, step, skip_bits;
88 	depot_stack_handle_t *origin_src, *origin_dst;
89 	void *shadow_src, *shadow_dst;
90 	u32 *align_shadow_src, shadow;
91 	bool backwards;
92 
93 	shadow_dst = kmsan_get_metadata(dst, KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
94 	if (!shadow_dst)
95 		return;
96 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(dst, n));
97 
98 	shadow_src = kmsan_get_metadata(src, KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
99 	if (!shadow_src) {
100 		/*
101 		 * @src is untracked: zero out destination shadow, ignore the
102 		 * origins, we're done.
103 		 */
104 		__memset(shadow_dst, 0, n);
105 		return;
106 	}
107 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(src, n));
108 
109 	__memmove(shadow_dst, shadow_src, n);
110 
111 	origin_dst = kmsan_get_metadata(dst, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
112 	origin_src = kmsan_get_metadata(src, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
113 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!origin_dst || !origin_src);
114 	src_slots = (ALIGN((u64)src + n, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE) -
115 		     ALIGN_DOWN((u64)src, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE)) /
116 		    KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
117 	dst_slots = (ALIGN((u64)dst + n, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE) -
118 		     ALIGN_DOWN((u64)dst, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE)) /
119 		    KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
120 	KMSAN_WARN_ON((src_slots < 1) || (dst_slots < 1));
121 	KMSAN_WARN_ON((src_slots - dst_slots > 1) ||
122 		      (dst_slots - src_slots < -1));
123 
124 	backwards = dst > src;
125 	i = backwards ? min(src_slots, dst_slots) - 1 : 0;
126 	iter = backwards ? -1 : 1;
127 
128 	align_shadow_src =
129 		(u32 *)ALIGN_DOWN((u64)shadow_src, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE);
130 	for (step = 0; step < min(src_slots, dst_slots); step++, i += iter) {
131 		KMSAN_WARN_ON(i < 0);
132 		shadow = align_shadow_src[i];
133 		if (i == 0) {
134 			/*
135 			 * If @src isn't aligned on KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE, don't
136 			 * look at the first @src % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE bytes
137 			 * of the first shadow slot.
138 			 */
139 			skip_bits = ((u64)src % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE) * 8;
140 			shadow = (shadow >> skip_bits) << skip_bits;
141 		}
142 		if (i == src_slots - 1) {
143 			/*
144 			 * If @src + n isn't aligned on
145 			 * KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE, don't look at the last
146 			 * (@src + n) % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE bytes of the
147 			 * last shadow slot.
148 			 */
149 			skip_bits = (((u64)src + n) % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE) * 8;
150 			shadow = (shadow << skip_bits) >> skip_bits;
151 		}
152 		/*
153 		 * Overwrite the origin only if the corresponding
154 		 * shadow is nonempty.
155 		 */
156 		if (origin_src[i] && (origin_src[i] != old_origin) && shadow) {
157 			old_origin = origin_src[i];
158 			new_origin = kmsan_internal_chain_origin(old_origin);
159 			/*
160 			 * kmsan_internal_chain_origin() may return
161 			 * NULL, but we don't want to lose the previous
162 			 * origin value.
163 			 */
164 			if (!new_origin)
165 				new_origin = old_origin;
166 		}
167 		if (shadow)
168 			origin_dst[i] = new_origin;
169 		else
170 			origin_dst[i] = 0;
171 	}
172 	/*
173 	 * If dst_slots is greater than src_slots (i.e.
174 	 * dst_slots == src_slots + 1), there is an extra origin slot at the
175 	 * beginning or end of the destination buffer, for which we take the
176 	 * origin from the previous slot.
177 	 * This is only done if the part of the source shadow corresponding to
178 	 * slot is non-zero.
179 	 *
180 	 * E.g. if we copy 8 aligned bytes that are marked as uninitialized
181 	 * and have origins o111 and o222, to an unaligned buffer with offset 1,
182 	 * these two origins are copied to three origin slots, so one of then
183 	 * needs to be duplicated, depending on the copy direction (@backwards)
184 	 *
185 	 *   src shadow: |uuuu|uuuu|....|
186 	 *   src origin: |o111|o222|....|
187 	 *
188 	 * backwards = 0:
189 	 *   dst shadow: |.uuu|uuuu|u...|
190 	 *   dst origin: |....|o111|o222| - fill the empty slot with o111
191 	 * backwards = 1:
192 	 *   dst shadow: |.uuu|uuuu|u...|
193 	 *   dst origin: |o111|o222|....| - fill the empty slot with o222
194 	 */
195 	if (src_slots < dst_slots) {
196 		if (backwards) {
197 			shadow = align_shadow_src[src_slots - 1];
198 			skip_bits = (((u64)dst + n) % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE) * 8;
199 			shadow = (shadow << skip_bits) >> skip_bits;
200 			if (shadow)
201 				/* src_slots > 0, therefore dst_slots is at least 2 */
202 				origin_dst[dst_slots - 1] =
203 					origin_dst[dst_slots - 2];
204 		} else {
205 			shadow = align_shadow_src[0];
206 			skip_bits = ((u64)dst % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE) * 8;
207 			shadow = (shadow >> skip_bits) << skip_bits;
208 			if (shadow)
209 				origin_dst[0] = origin_dst[1];
210 		}
211 	}
212 }
213 
214 depot_stack_handle_t kmsan_internal_chain_origin(depot_stack_handle_t id)
215 {
216 	unsigned long entries[3];
217 	u32 extra_bits;
218 	int depth;
219 	bool uaf;
220 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
221 
222 	if (!id)
223 		return id;
224 	/*
225 	 * Make sure we have enough spare bits in @id to hold the UAF bit and
226 	 * the chain depth.
227 	 */
228 	BUILD_BUG_ON(
229 		(1 << STACK_DEPOT_EXTRA_BITS) <= (KMSAN_MAX_ORIGIN_DEPTH << 1));
230 
231 	extra_bits = stack_depot_get_extra_bits(id);
232 	depth = kmsan_depth_from_eb(extra_bits);
233 	uaf = kmsan_uaf_from_eb(extra_bits);
234 
235 	/*
236 	 * Stop chaining origins once the depth reached KMSAN_MAX_ORIGIN_DEPTH.
237 	 * This mostly happens in the case structures with uninitialized padding
238 	 * are copied around many times. Origin chains for such structures are
239 	 * usually periodic, and it does not make sense to fully store them.
240 	 */
241 	if (depth == KMSAN_MAX_ORIGIN_DEPTH)
242 		return id;
243 
244 	depth++;
245 	extra_bits = kmsan_extra_bits(depth, uaf);
246 
247 	entries[0] = KMSAN_CHAIN_MAGIC_ORIGIN;
248 	entries[1] = kmsan_save_stack_with_flags(GFP_ATOMIC, 0);
249 	entries[2] = id;
250 	/*
251 	 * @entries is a local var in non-instrumented code, so KMSAN does not
252 	 * know it is initialized. Explicitly unpoison it to avoid false
253 	 * positives when __stack_depot_save() passes it to instrumented code.
254 	 */
255 	kmsan_internal_unpoison_memory(entries, sizeof(entries), false);
256 	handle = __stack_depot_save(entries, ARRAY_SIZE(entries), GFP_ATOMIC,
257 				    true);
258 	return stack_depot_set_extra_bits(handle, extra_bits);
259 }
260 
261 void kmsan_internal_set_shadow_origin(void *addr, size_t size, int b,
262 				      u32 origin, bool checked)
263 {
264 	u64 address = (u64)addr;
265 	void *shadow_start;
266 	u32 *origin_start;
267 	size_t pad = 0;
268 
269 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(addr, size));
270 	shadow_start = kmsan_get_metadata(addr, KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
271 	if (!shadow_start) {
272 		/*
273 		 * kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous() is true, so either all shadow
274 		 * and origin pages are NULL, or all are non-NULL.
275 		 */
276 		if (checked) {
277 			pr_err("%s: not memsetting %ld bytes starting at %px, because the shadow is NULL\n",
278 			       __func__, size, addr);
279 			KMSAN_WARN_ON(true);
280 		}
281 		return;
282 	}
283 	__memset(shadow_start, b, size);
284 
285 	if (!IS_ALIGNED(address, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE)) {
286 		pad = address % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
287 		address -= pad;
288 		size += pad;
289 	}
290 	size = ALIGN(size, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE);
291 	origin_start =
292 		(u32 *)kmsan_get_metadata((void *)address, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
293 
294 	for (int i = 0; i < size / KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE; i++)
295 		origin_start[i] = origin;
296 }
297 
298 struct page *kmsan_vmalloc_to_page_or_null(void *vaddr)
299 {
300 	struct page *page;
301 
302 	if (!kmsan_internal_is_vmalloc_addr(vaddr) &&
303 	    !kmsan_internal_is_module_addr(vaddr))
304 		return NULL;
305 	page = vmalloc_to_page(vaddr);
306 	if (pfn_valid(page_to_pfn(page)))
307 		return page;
308 	else
309 		return NULL;
310 }
311 
312 void kmsan_internal_check_memory(void *addr, size_t size, const void *user_addr,
313 				 int reason)
314 {
315 	depot_stack_handle_t cur_origin = 0, new_origin = 0;
316 	unsigned long addr64 = (unsigned long)addr;
317 	depot_stack_handle_t *origin = NULL;
318 	unsigned char *shadow = NULL;
319 	int cur_off_start = -1;
320 	int chunk_size;
321 	size_t pos = 0;
322 
323 	if (!size)
324 		return;
325 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(addr, size));
326 	while (pos < size) {
327 		chunk_size = min(size - pos,
328 				 PAGE_SIZE - ((addr64 + pos) % PAGE_SIZE));
329 		shadow = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)(addr64 + pos),
330 					    KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
331 		if (!shadow) {
332 			/*
333 			 * This page is untracked. If there were uninitialized
334 			 * bytes before, report them.
335 			 */
336 			if (cur_origin) {
337 				kmsan_enter_runtime();
338 				kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size,
339 					     cur_off_start, pos - 1, user_addr,
340 					     reason);
341 				kmsan_leave_runtime();
342 			}
343 			cur_origin = 0;
344 			cur_off_start = -1;
345 			pos += chunk_size;
346 			continue;
347 		}
348 		for (int i = 0; i < chunk_size; i++) {
349 			if (!shadow[i]) {
350 				/*
351 				 * This byte is unpoisoned. If there were
352 				 * poisoned bytes before, report them.
353 				 */
354 				if (cur_origin) {
355 					kmsan_enter_runtime();
356 					kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size,
357 						     cur_off_start, pos + i - 1,
358 						     user_addr, reason);
359 					kmsan_leave_runtime();
360 				}
361 				cur_origin = 0;
362 				cur_off_start = -1;
363 				continue;
364 			}
365 			origin = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)(addr64 + pos + i),
366 						    KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
367 			KMSAN_WARN_ON(!origin);
368 			new_origin = *origin;
369 			/*
370 			 * Encountered new origin - report the previous
371 			 * uninitialized range.
372 			 */
373 			if (cur_origin != new_origin) {
374 				if (cur_origin) {
375 					kmsan_enter_runtime();
376 					kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size,
377 						     cur_off_start, pos + i - 1,
378 						     user_addr, reason);
379 					kmsan_leave_runtime();
380 				}
381 				cur_origin = new_origin;
382 				cur_off_start = pos + i;
383 			}
384 		}
385 		pos += chunk_size;
386 	}
387 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(pos != size);
388 	if (cur_origin) {
389 		kmsan_enter_runtime();
390 		kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size, cur_off_start, pos - 1,
391 			     user_addr, reason);
392 		kmsan_leave_runtime();
393 	}
394 }
395 
396 bool kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(void *addr, size_t size)
397 {
398 	char *cur_shadow = NULL, *next_shadow = NULL, *cur_origin = NULL,
399 	     *next_origin = NULL;
400 	u64 cur_addr = (u64)addr, next_addr = cur_addr + PAGE_SIZE;
401 	depot_stack_handle_t *origin_p;
402 	bool all_untracked = false;
403 
404 	if (!size)
405 		return true;
406 
407 	/* The whole range belongs to the same page. */
408 	if (ALIGN_DOWN(cur_addr + size - 1, PAGE_SIZE) ==
409 	    ALIGN_DOWN(cur_addr, PAGE_SIZE))
410 		return true;
411 
412 	cur_shadow = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)cur_addr, /*is_origin*/ false);
413 	if (!cur_shadow)
414 		all_untracked = true;
415 	cur_origin = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)cur_addr, /*is_origin*/ true);
416 	if (all_untracked && cur_origin)
417 		goto report;
418 
419 	for (; next_addr < (u64)addr + size;
420 	     cur_addr = next_addr, cur_shadow = next_shadow,
421 	     cur_origin = next_origin, next_addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
422 		next_shadow = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)next_addr, false);
423 		next_origin = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)next_addr, true);
424 		if (all_untracked) {
425 			if (next_shadow || next_origin)
426 				goto report;
427 			if (!next_shadow && !next_origin)
428 				continue;
429 		}
430 		if (((u64)cur_shadow == ((u64)next_shadow - PAGE_SIZE)) &&
431 		    ((u64)cur_origin == ((u64)next_origin - PAGE_SIZE)))
432 			continue;
433 		goto report;
434 	}
435 	return true;
436 
437 report:
438 	pr_err("%s: attempting to access two shadow page ranges.\n", __func__);
439 	pr_err("Access of size %ld at %px.\n", size, addr);
440 	pr_err("Addresses belonging to different ranges: %px and %px\n",
441 	       (void *)cur_addr, (void *)next_addr);
442 	pr_err("page[0].shadow: %px, page[1].shadow: %px\n", cur_shadow,
443 	       next_shadow);
444 	pr_err("page[0].origin: %px, page[1].origin: %px\n", cur_origin,
445 	       next_origin);
446 	origin_p = kmsan_get_metadata(addr, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
447 	if (origin_p) {
448 		pr_err("Origin: %08x\n", *origin_p);
449 		kmsan_print_origin(*origin_p);
450 	} else {
451 		pr_err("Origin: unavailable\n");
452 	}
453 	return false;
454 }
455