xref: /linux/mm/kmsan/core.c (revision d393f9479d4aaab0fa4c3caf513f28685e831f13)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * KMSAN runtime library.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2017-2022 Google LLC
6  * Author: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
7  *
8  */
9 
10 #include <asm/page.h>
11 #include <linux/compiler.h>
12 #include <linux/export.h>
13 #include <linux/highmem.h>
14 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
15 #include <linux/kernel.h>
16 #include <linux/kmsan_types.h>
17 #include <linux/memory.h>
18 #include <linux/mm.h>
19 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
20 #include <linux/mmzone.h>
21 #include <linux/percpu-defs.h>
22 #include <linux/preempt.h>
23 #include <linux/slab.h>
24 #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
25 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
26 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
28 
29 #include "../slab.h"
30 #include "kmsan.h"
31 
32 bool kmsan_enabled __read_mostly;
33 
34 /*
35  * Per-CPU KMSAN context to be used in interrupts, where current->kmsan is
36  * unavaliable.
37  */
38 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kmsan_ctx, kmsan_percpu_ctx);
39 
40 void kmsan_internal_task_create(struct task_struct *task)
41 {
42 	struct kmsan_ctx *ctx = &task->kmsan_ctx;
43 	struct thread_info *info = current_thread_info();
44 
45 	__memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
46 	kmsan_internal_unpoison_memory(info, sizeof(*info), false);
47 }
48 
49 void kmsan_internal_poison_memory(void *address, size_t size, gfp_t flags,
50 				  unsigned int poison_flags)
51 {
52 	u32 extra_bits =
53 		kmsan_extra_bits(/*depth*/ 0, poison_flags & KMSAN_POISON_FREE);
54 	bool checked = poison_flags & KMSAN_POISON_CHECK;
55 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
56 
57 	handle = kmsan_save_stack_with_flags(flags, extra_bits);
58 	kmsan_internal_set_shadow_origin(address, size, -1, handle, checked);
59 }
60 
61 void kmsan_internal_unpoison_memory(void *address, size_t size, bool checked)
62 {
63 	kmsan_internal_set_shadow_origin(address, size, 0, 0, checked);
64 }
65 
66 depot_stack_handle_t kmsan_save_stack_with_flags(gfp_t flags,
67 						 unsigned int extra)
68 {
69 	unsigned long entries[KMSAN_STACK_DEPTH];
70 	unsigned int nr_entries;
71 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
72 
73 	nr_entries = stack_trace_save(entries, KMSAN_STACK_DEPTH, 0);
74 
75 	/* Don't sleep. */
76 	flags &= ~(__GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM | __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM);
77 
78 	handle = stack_depot_save(entries, nr_entries, flags);
79 	return stack_depot_set_extra_bits(handle, extra);
80 }
81 
82 /* Copy the metadata following the memmove() behavior. */
83 void kmsan_internal_memmove_metadata(void *dst, void *src, size_t n)
84 {
85 	depot_stack_handle_t prev_old_origin = 0, prev_new_origin = 0;
86 	int i, iter, step, src_off, dst_off, oiter_src, oiter_dst;
87 	depot_stack_handle_t old_origin = 0, new_origin = 0;
88 	depot_stack_handle_t *origin_src, *origin_dst;
89 	u8 *shadow_src, *shadow_dst;
90 	u32 *align_shadow_dst;
91 	bool backwards;
92 
93 	shadow_dst = kmsan_get_metadata(dst, KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
94 	if (!shadow_dst)
95 		return;
96 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(dst, n));
97 	align_shadow_dst =
98 		(u32 *)ALIGN_DOWN((u64)shadow_dst, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE);
99 
100 	shadow_src = kmsan_get_metadata(src, KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
101 	if (!shadow_src) {
102 		/* @src is untracked: mark @dst as initialized. */
103 		kmsan_internal_unpoison_memory(dst, n, /*checked*/ false);
104 		return;
105 	}
106 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(src, n));
107 
108 	origin_dst = kmsan_get_metadata(dst, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
109 	origin_src = kmsan_get_metadata(src, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
110 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!origin_dst || !origin_src);
111 
112 	backwards = dst > src;
113 	step = backwards ? -1 : 1;
114 	iter = backwards ? n - 1 : 0;
115 	src_off = (u64)src % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
116 	dst_off = (u64)dst % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
117 
118 	/* Copy shadow bytes one by one, updating the origins if necessary. */
119 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++, iter += step) {
120 		oiter_src = (iter + src_off) / KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
121 		oiter_dst = (iter + dst_off) / KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
122 		if (!shadow_src[iter]) {
123 			shadow_dst[iter] = 0;
124 			if (!align_shadow_dst[oiter_dst])
125 				origin_dst[oiter_dst] = 0;
126 			continue;
127 		}
128 		shadow_dst[iter] = shadow_src[iter];
129 		old_origin = origin_src[oiter_src];
130 		if (old_origin == prev_old_origin)
131 			new_origin = prev_new_origin;
132 		else {
133 			/*
134 			 * kmsan_internal_chain_origin() may return
135 			 * NULL, but we don't want to lose the previous
136 			 * origin value.
137 			 */
138 			new_origin = kmsan_internal_chain_origin(old_origin);
139 			if (!new_origin)
140 				new_origin = old_origin;
141 		}
142 		origin_dst[oiter_dst] = new_origin;
143 		prev_new_origin = new_origin;
144 		prev_old_origin = old_origin;
145 	}
146 }
147 
148 depot_stack_handle_t kmsan_internal_chain_origin(depot_stack_handle_t id)
149 {
150 	unsigned long entries[3];
151 	u32 extra_bits;
152 	int depth;
153 	bool uaf;
154 	depot_stack_handle_t handle;
155 
156 	if (!id)
157 		return id;
158 	/*
159 	 * Make sure we have enough spare bits in @id to hold the UAF bit and
160 	 * the chain depth.
161 	 */
162 	BUILD_BUG_ON(
163 		(1 << STACK_DEPOT_EXTRA_BITS) <= (KMSAN_MAX_ORIGIN_DEPTH << 1));
164 
165 	extra_bits = stack_depot_get_extra_bits(id);
166 	depth = kmsan_depth_from_eb(extra_bits);
167 	uaf = kmsan_uaf_from_eb(extra_bits);
168 
169 	/*
170 	 * Stop chaining origins once the depth reached KMSAN_MAX_ORIGIN_DEPTH.
171 	 * This mostly happens in the case structures with uninitialized padding
172 	 * are copied around many times. Origin chains for such structures are
173 	 * usually periodic, and it does not make sense to fully store them.
174 	 */
175 	if (depth == KMSAN_MAX_ORIGIN_DEPTH)
176 		return id;
177 
178 	depth++;
179 	extra_bits = kmsan_extra_bits(depth, uaf);
180 
181 	entries[0] = KMSAN_CHAIN_MAGIC_ORIGIN;
182 	entries[1] = kmsan_save_stack_with_flags(__GFP_HIGH, 0);
183 	entries[2] = id;
184 	/*
185 	 * @entries is a local var in non-instrumented code, so KMSAN does not
186 	 * know it is initialized. Explicitly unpoison it to avoid false
187 	 * positives when stack_depot_save() passes it to instrumented code.
188 	 */
189 	kmsan_internal_unpoison_memory(entries, sizeof(entries), false);
190 	handle = stack_depot_save(entries, ARRAY_SIZE(entries), __GFP_HIGH);
191 	return stack_depot_set_extra_bits(handle, extra_bits);
192 }
193 
194 void kmsan_internal_set_shadow_origin(void *addr, size_t size, int b,
195 				      u32 origin, bool checked)
196 {
197 	u64 address = (u64)addr;
198 	u32 *shadow_start, *origin_start;
199 	size_t pad = 0;
200 
201 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(addr, size));
202 	shadow_start = kmsan_get_metadata(addr, KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
203 	if (!shadow_start) {
204 		/*
205 		 * kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous() is true, so either all shadow
206 		 * and origin pages are NULL, or all are non-NULL.
207 		 */
208 		if (checked) {
209 			pr_err("%s: not memsetting %ld bytes starting at %px, because the shadow is NULL\n",
210 			       __func__, size, addr);
211 			KMSAN_WARN_ON(true);
212 		}
213 		return;
214 	}
215 	__memset(shadow_start, b, size);
216 
217 	if (!IS_ALIGNED(address, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE)) {
218 		pad = address % KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE;
219 		address -= pad;
220 		size += pad;
221 	}
222 	size = ALIGN(size, KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE);
223 	origin_start =
224 		(u32 *)kmsan_get_metadata((void *)address, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
225 
226 	/*
227 	 * If the new origin is non-zero, assume that the shadow byte is also non-zero,
228 	 * and unconditionally overwrite the old origin slot.
229 	 * If the new origin is zero, overwrite the old origin slot iff the
230 	 * corresponding shadow slot is zero.
231 	 */
232 	for (int i = 0; i < size / KMSAN_ORIGIN_SIZE; i++) {
233 		if (origin || !shadow_start[i])
234 			origin_start[i] = origin;
235 	}
236 }
237 
238 struct page *kmsan_vmalloc_to_page_or_null(void *vaddr)
239 {
240 	struct page *page;
241 
242 	if (!kmsan_internal_is_vmalloc_addr(vaddr) &&
243 	    !kmsan_internal_is_module_addr(vaddr))
244 		return NULL;
245 	page = vmalloc_to_page(vaddr);
246 	if (pfn_valid(page_to_pfn(page)))
247 		return page;
248 	else
249 		return NULL;
250 }
251 
252 void kmsan_internal_check_memory(void *addr, size_t size,
253 				 const void __user *user_addr, int reason)
254 {
255 	depot_stack_handle_t cur_origin = 0, new_origin = 0;
256 	unsigned long addr64 = (unsigned long)addr;
257 	depot_stack_handle_t *origin = NULL;
258 	unsigned char *shadow = NULL;
259 	int cur_off_start = -1;
260 	int chunk_size;
261 	size_t pos = 0;
262 
263 	if (!size)
264 		return;
265 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(!kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(addr, size));
266 	while (pos < size) {
267 		chunk_size = min(size - pos,
268 				 PAGE_SIZE - ((addr64 + pos) % PAGE_SIZE));
269 		shadow = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)(addr64 + pos),
270 					    KMSAN_META_SHADOW);
271 		if (!shadow) {
272 			/*
273 			 * This page is untracked. If there were uninitialized
274 			 * bytes before, report them.
275 			 */
276 			if (cur_origin) {
277 				kmsan_enter_runtime();
278 				kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size,
279 					     cur_off_start, pos - 1, user_addr,
280 					     reason);
281 				kmsan_leave_runtime();
282 			}
283 			cur_origin = 0;
284 			cur_off_start = -1;
285 			pos += chunk_size;
286 			continue;
287 		}
288 		for (int i = 0; i < chunk_size; i++) {
289 			if (!shadow[i]) {
290 				/*
291 				 * This byte is unpoisoned. If there were
292 				 * poisoned bytes before, report them.
293 				 */
294 				if (cur_origin) {
295 					kmsan_enter_runtime();
296 					kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size,
297 						     cur_off_start, pos + i - 1,
298 						     user_addr, reason);
299 					kmsan_leave_runtime();
300 				}
301 				cur_origin = 0;
302 				cur_off_start = -1;
303 				continue;
304 			}
305 			origin = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)(addr64 + pos + i),
306 						    KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
307 			KMSAN_WARN_ON(!origin);
308 			new_origin = *origin;
309 			/*
310 			 * Encountered new origin - report the previous
311 			 * uninitialized range.
312 			 */
313 			if (cur_origin != new_origin) {
314 				if (cur_origin) {
315 					kmsan_enter_runtime();
316 					kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size,
317 						     cur_off_start, pos + i - 1,
318 						     user_addr, reason);
319 					kmsan_leave_runtime();
320 				}
321 				cur_origin = new_origin;
322 				cur_off_start = pos + i;
323 			}
324 		}
325 		pos += chunk_size;
326 	}
327 	KMSAN_WARN_ON(pos != size);
328 	if (cur_origin) {
329 		kmsan_enter_runtime();
330 		kmsan_report(cur_origin, addr, size, cur_off_start, pos - 1,
331 			     user_addr, reason);
332 		kmsan_leave_runtime();
333 	}
334 }
335 
336 bool kmsan_metadata_is_contiguous(void *addr, size_t size)
337 {
338 	char *cur_shadow = NULL, *next_shadow = NULL, *cur_origin = NULL,
339 	     *next_origin = NULL;
340 	u64 cur_addr = (u64)addr, next_addr = cur_addr + PAGE_SIZE;
341 	depot_stack_handle_t *origin_p;
342 	bool all_untracked = false;
343 
344 	if (!size)
345 		return true;
346 
347 	/* The whole range belongs to the same page. */
348 	if (ALIGN_DOWN(cur_addr + size - 1, PAGE_SIZE) ==
349 	    ALIGN_DOWN(cur_addr, PAGE_SIZE))
350 		return true;
351 
352 	cur_shadow = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)cur_addr, /*is_origin*/ false);
353 	if (!cur_shadow)
354 		all_untracked = true;
355 	cur_origin = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)cur_addr, /*is_origin*/ true);
356 	if (all_untracked && cur_origin)
357 		goto report;
358 
359 	for (; next_addr < (u64)addr + size;
360 	     cur_addr = next_addr, cur_shadow = next_shadow,
361 	     cur_origin = next_origin, next_addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
362 		next_shadow = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)next_addr, false);
363 		next_origin = kmsan_get_metadata((void *)next_addr, true);
364 		if (all_untracked) {
365 			if (next_shadow || next_origin)
366 				goto report;
367 			if (!next_shadow && !next_origin)
368 				continue;
369 		}
370 		if (((u64)cur_shadow == ((u64)next_shadow - PAGE_SIZE)) &&
371 		    ((u64)cur_origin == ((u64)next_origin - PAGE_SIZE)))
372 			continue;
373 		goto report;
374 	}
375 	return true;
376 
377 report:
378 	pr_err("%s: attempting to access two shadow page ranges.\n", __func__);
379 	pr_err("Access of size %ld at %px.\n", size, addr);
380 	pr_err("Addresses belonging to different ranges: %px and %px\n",
381 	       (void *)cur_addr, (void *)next_addr);
382 	pr_err("page[0].shadow: %px, page[1].shadow: %px\n", cur_shadow,
383 	       next_shadow);
384 	pr_err("page[0].origin: %px, page[1].origin: %px\n", cur_origin,
385 	       next_origin);
386 	origin_p = kmsan_get_metadata(addr, KMSAN_META_ORIGIN);
387 	if (origin_p) {
388 		pr_err("Origin: %08x\n", *origin_p);
389 		kmsan_print_origin(*origin_p);
390 	} else {
391 		pr_err("Origin: unavailable\n");
392 	}
393 	return false;
394 }
395