xref: /linux/mm/kasan/report_generic.c (revision cbac924200b838cfb8d8b1415113d788089dc50b)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * This file contains generic KASAN specific error reporting code.
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
6  * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
7  *
8  * Some code borrowed from https://github.com/xairy/kasan-prototype by
9  *        Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@gmail.com>
10  */
11 
12 #include <linux/bitops.h>
13 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
14 #include <linux/init.h>
15 #include <linux/kernel.h>
16 #include <linux/mm.h>
17 #include <linux/printk.h>
18 #include <linux/sched.h>
19 #include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
20 #include <linux/slab.h>
21 #include <linux/stackdepot.h>
22 #include <linux/stacktrace.h>
23 #include <linux/string.h>
24 #include <linux/types.h>
25 #include <linux/kasan.h>
26 #include <linux/module.h>
27 
28 #include <asm/sections.h>
29 
30 #include "kasan.h"
31 #include "../slab.h"
32 
33 void *kasan_find_first_bad_addr(void *addr, size_t size)
34 {
35 	void *p = addr;
36 
37 	if (!addr_has_metadata(p))
38 		return p;
39 
40 	while (p < addr + size && !(*(u8 *)kasan_mem_to_shadow(p)))
41 		p += KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE;
42 
43 	return p;
44 }
45 
46 static const char *get_shadow_bug_type(struct kasan_report_info *info)
47 {
48 	const char *bug_type = "unknown-crash";
49 	u8 *shadow_addr;
50 
51 	shadow_addr = (u8 *)kasan_mem_to_shadow(info->first_bad_addr);
52 
53 	/*
54 	 * If shadow byte value is in [0, KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE) we can look
55 	 * at the next shadow byte to determine the type of the bad access.
56 	 */
57 	if (*shadow_addr > 0 && *shadow_addr <= KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE - 1)
58 		shadow_addr++;
59 
60 	switch (*shadow_addr) {
61 	case 0 ... KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE - 1:
62 		/*
63 		 * In theory it's still possible to see these shadow values
64 		 * due to a data race in the kernel code.
65 		 */
66 		bug_type = "out-of-bounds";
67 		break;
68 	case KASAN_PAGE_REDZONE:
69 	case KASAN_KMALLOC_REDZONE:
70 		bug_type = "slab-out-of-bounds";
71 		break;
72 	case KASAN_GLOBAL_REDZONE:
73 		bug_type = "global-out-of-bounds";
74 		break;
75 	case KASAN_STACK_LEFT:
76 	case KASAN_STACK_MID:
77 	case KASAN_STACK_RIGHT:
78 	case KASAN_STACK_PARTIAL:
79 		bug_type = "stack-out-of-bounds";
80 		break;
81 	case KASAN_FREE_PAGE:
82 	case KASAN_KMALLOC_FREE:
83 	case KASAN_KMALLOC_FREETRACK:
84 		bug_type = "use-after-free";
85 		break;
86 	case KASAN_ALLOCA_LEFT:
87 	case KASAN_ALLOCA_RIGHT:
88 		bug_type = "alloca-out-of-bounds";
89 		break;
90 	case KASAN_VMALLOC_INVALID:
91 		bug_type = "vmalloc-out-of-bounds";
92 		break;
93 	}
94 
95 	return bug_type;
96 }
97 
98 static const char *get_wild_bug_type(struct kasan_report_info *info)
99 {
100 	const char *bug_type = "unknown-crash";
101 
102 	if ((unsigned long)info->access_addr < PAGE_SIZE)
103 		bug_type = "null-ptr-deref";
104 	else if ((unsigned long)info->access_addr < TASK_SIZE)
105 		bug_type = "user-memory-access";
106 	else
107 		bug_type = "wild-memory-access";
108 
109 	return bug_type;
110 }
111 
112 const char *kasan_get_bug_type(struct kasan_report_info *info)
113 {
114 	/*
115 	 * If access_size is a negative number, then it has reason to be
116 	 * defined as out-of-bounds bug type.
117 	 *
118 	 * Casting negative numbers to size_t would indeed turn up as
119 	 * a large size_t and its value will be larger than ULONG_MAX/2,
120 	 * so that this can qualify as out-of-bounds.
121 	 */
122 	if (info->access_addr + info->access_size < info->access_addr)
123 		return "out-of-bounds";
124 
125 	if (addr_has_metadata(info->access_addr))
126 		return get_shadow_bug_type(info);
127 	return get_wild_bug_type(info);
128 }
129 
130 void kasan_metadata_fetch_row(char *buffer, void *row)
131 {
132 	memcpy(buffer, kasan_mem_to_shadow(row), META_BYTES_PER_ROW);
133 }
134 
135 #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN_STACK
136 static bool __must_check tokenize_frame_descr(const char **frame_descr,
137 					      char *token, size_t max_tok_len,
138 					      unsigned long *value)
139 {
140 	const char *sep = strchr(*frame_descr, ' ');
141 
142 	if (sep == NULL)
143 		sep = *frame_descr + strlen(*frame_descr);
144 
145 	if (token != NULL) {
146 		const size_t tok_len = sep - *frame_descr;
147 
148 		if (tok_len + 1 > max_tok_len) {
149 			pr_err("KASAN internal error: frame description too long: %s\n",
150 			       *frame_descr);
151 			return false;
152 		}
153 
154 		/* Copy token (+ 1 byte for '\0'). */
155 		strscpy(token, *frame_descr, tok_len + 1);
156 	}
157 
158 	/* Advance frame_descr past separator. */
159 	*frame_descr = sep + 1;
160 
161 	if (value != NULL && kstrtoul(token, 10, value)) {
162 		pr_err("KASAN internal error: not a valid number: %s\n", token);
163 		return false;
164 	}
165 
166 	return true;
167 }
168 
169 static void print_decoded_frame_descr(const char *frame_descr)
170 {
171 	/*
172 	 * We need to parse the following string:
173 	 *    "n alloc_1 alloc_2 ... alloc_n"
174 	 * where alloc_i looks like
175 	 *    "offset size len name"
176 	 * or "offset size len name:line".
177 	 */
178 
179 	char token[64];
180 	unsigned long num_objects;
181 
182 	if (!tokenize_frame_descr(&frame_descr, token, sizeof(token),
183 				  &num_objects))
184 		return;
185 
186 	pr_err("\n");
187 	pr_err("This frame has %lu %s:\n", num_objects,
188 	       num_objects == 1 ? "object" : "objects");
189 
190 	while (num_objects--) {
191 		unsigned long offset;
192 		unsigned long size;
193 
194 		/* access offset */
195 		if (!tokenize_frame_descr(&frame_descr, token, sizeof(token),
196 					  &offset))
197 			return;
198 		/* access size */
199 		if (!tokenize_frame_descr(&frame_descr, token, sizeof(token),
200 					  &size))
201 			return;
202 		/* name length (unused) */
203 		if (!tokenize_frame_descr(&frame_descr, NULL, 0, NULL))
204 			return;
205 		/* object name */
206 		if (!tokenize_frame_descr(&frame_descr, token, sizeof(token),
207 					  NULL))
208 			return;
209 
210 		/* Strip line number; without filename it's not very helpful. */
211 		strreplace(token, ':', '\0');
212 
213 		/* Finally, print object information. */
214 		pr_err(" [%lu, %lu) '%s'", offset, offset + size, token);
215 	}
216 }
217 
218 /* Returns true only if the address is on the current task's stack. */
219 static bool __must_check get_address_stack_frame_info(const void *addr,
220 						      unsigned long *offset,
221 						      const char **frame_descr,
222 						      const void **frame_pc)
223 {
224 	unsigned long aligned_addr;
225 	unsigned long mem_ptr;
226 	const u8 *shadow_bottom;
227 	const u8 *shadow_ptr;
228 	const unsigned long *frame;
229 
230 	BUILD_BUG_ON(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STACK_GROWSUP));
231 
232 	aligned_addr = round_down((unsigned long)addr, sizeof(long));
233 	mem_ptr = round_down(aligned_addr, KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE);
234 	shadow_ptr = kasan_mem_to_shadow((void *)aligned_addr);
235 	shadow_bottom = kasan_mem_to_shadow(end_of_stack(current));
236 
237 	while (shadow_ptr >= shadow_bottom && *shadow_ptr != KASAN_STACK_LEFT) {
238 		shadow_ptr--;
239 		mem_ptr -= KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE;
240 	}
241 
242 	while (shadow_ptr >= shadow_bottom && *shadow_ptr == KASAN_STACK_LEFT) {
243 		shadow_ptr--;
244 		mem_ptr -= KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE;
245 	}
246 
247 	if (shadow_ptr < shadow_bottom)
248 		return false;
249 
250 	frame = (const unsigned long *)(mem_ptr + KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE);
251 	if (frame[0] != KASAN_CURRENT_STACK_FRAME_MAGIC) {
252 		pr_err("KASAN internal error: frame info validation failed; invalid marker: %lu\n",
253 		       frame[0]);
254 		return false;
255 	}
256 
257 	*offset = (unsigned long)addr - (unsigned long)frame;
258 	*frame_descr = (const char *)frame[1];
259 	*frame_pc = (void *)frame[2];
260 
261 	return true;
262 }
263 
264 void kasan_print_address_stack_frame(const void *addr)
265 {
266 	unsigned long offset;
267 	const char *frame_descr;
268 	const void *frame_pc;
269 
270 	if (WARN_ON(!object_is_on_stack(addr)))
271 		return;
272 
273 	pr_err("The buggy address belongs to stack of task %s/%d\n",
274 	       current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
275 
276 	if (!get_address_stack_frame_info(addr, &offset, &frame_descr,
277 					  &frame_pc))
278 		return;
279 
280 	pr_err(" and is located at offset %lu in frame:\n", offset);
281 	pr_err(" %pS\n", frame_pc);
282 
283 	if (!frame_descr)
284 		return;
285 
286 	print_decoded_frame_descr(frame_descr);
287 }
288 #endif /* CONFIG_KASAN_STACK */
289 
290 #define DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_LOAD(size)                     \
291 void __asan_report_load##size##_noabort(unsigned long addr) \
292 {                                                         \
293 	kasan_report(addr, size, false, _RET_IP_);	  \
294 }                                                         \
295 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__asan_report_load##size##_noabort)
296 
297 #define DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_STORE(size)                     \
298 void __asan_report_store##size##_noabort(unsigned long addr) \
299 {                                                          \
300 	kasan_report(addr, size, true, _RET_IP_);	   \
301 }                                                          \
302 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__asan_report_store##size##_noabort)
303 
304 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_LOAD(1);
305 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_LOAD(2);
306 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_LOAD(4);
307 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_LOAD(8);
308 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_LOAD(16);
309 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_STORE(1);
310 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_STORE(2);
311 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_STORE(4);
312 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_STORE(8);
313 DEFINE_ASAN_REPORT_STORE(16);
314 
315 void __asan_report_load_n_noabort(unsigned long addr, size_t size)
316 {
317 	kasan_report(addr, size, false, _RET_IP_);
318 }
319 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__asan_report_load_n_noabort);
320 
321 void __asan_report_store_n_noabort(unsigned long addr, size_t size)
322 {
323 	kasan_report(addr, size, true, _RET_IP_);
324 }
325 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__asan_report_store_n_noabort);
326