xref: /linux/mm/huge_memory.c (revision 984921edea68bf24bcc87e1317bfc90451ff46c6)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  Copyright (C) 2009  Red Hat, Inc.
4  */
5 
6 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
7 
8 #include <linux/mm.h>
9 #include <linux/sched.h>
10 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
11 #include <linux/sched/numa_balancing.h>
12 #include <linux/highmem.h>
13 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
14 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
15 #include <linux/rmap.h>
16 #include <linux/swap.h>
17 #include <linux/shrinker.h>
18 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
19 #include <linux/swapops.h>
20 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
21 #include <linux/dax.h>
22 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
23 #include <linux/khugepaged.h>
24 #include <linux/freezer.h>
25 #include <linux/pfn_t.h>
26 #include <linux/mman.h>
27 #include <linux/memremap.h>
28 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
29 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
30 #include <linux/migrate.h>
31 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
32 #include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
33 #include <linux/page_idle.h>
34 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
35 #include <linux/oom.h>
36 #include <linux/numa.h>
37 #include <linux/page_owner.h>
38 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
39 #include <linux/memory-tiers.h>
40 #include <linux/compat.h>
41 #include <linux/pgalloc_tag.h>
42 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
43 
44 #include <asm/tlb.h>
45 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
46 #include "internal.h"
47 #include "swap.h"
48 
49 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
50 #include <trace/events/thp.h>
51 
52 /*
53  * By default, transparent hugepage support is disabled in order to avoid
54  * risking an increased memory footprint for applications that are not
55  * guaranteed to benefit from it. When transparent hugepage support is
56  * enabled, it is for all mappings, and khugepaged scans all mappings.
57  * Defrag is invoked by khugepaged hugepage allocations and by page faults
58  * for all hugepage allocations.
59  */
60 unsigned long transparent_hugepage_flags __read_mostly =
61 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
62 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG)|
63 #endif
64 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
65 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG)|
66 #endif
67 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG)|
68 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KHUGEPAGED_FLAG)|
69 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
70 
71 static struct shrinker *deferred_split_shrinker;
72 static unsigned long deferred_split_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
73 					  struct shrink_control *sc);
74 static unsigned long deferred_split_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
75 					 struct shrink_control *sc);
76 static bool split_underused_thp = true;
77 
78 static atomic_t huge_zero_refcount;
79 struct folio *huge_zero_folio __read_mostly;
80 unsigned long huge_zero_pfn __read_mostly = ~0UL;
81 unsigned long huge_anon_orders_always __read_mostly;
82 unsigned long huge_anon_orders_madvise __read_mostly;
83 unsigned long huge_anon_orders_inherit __read_mostly;
84 static bool anon_orders_configured __initdata;
85 
86 static inline bool file_thp_enabled(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
87 {
88 	struct inode *inode;
89 
90 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS))
91 		return false;
92 
93 	if (!vma->vm_file)
94 		return false;
95 
96 	inode = file_inode(vma->vm_file);
97 
98 	return !inode_is_open_for_write(inode) && S_ISREG(inode->i_mode);
99 }
100 
101 unsigned long __thp_vma_allowable_orders(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
102 					 vm_flags_t vm_flags,
103 					 unsigned long tva_flags,
104 					 unsigned long orders)
105 {
106 	bool smaps = tva_flags & TVA_SMAPS;
107 	bool in_pf = tva_flags & TVA_IN_PF;
108 	bool enforce_sysfs = tva_flags & TVA_ENFORCE_SYSFS;
109 	unsigned long supported_orders;
110 
111 	/* Check the intersection of requested and supported orders. */
112 	if (vma_is_anonymous(vma))
113 		supported_orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON;
114 	else if (vma_is_special_huge(vma))
115 		supported_orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_SPECIAL;
116 	else
117 		supported_orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_FILE_DEFAULT;
118 
119 	orders &= supported_orders;
120 	if (!orders)
121 		return 0;
122 
123 	if (!vma->vm_mm)		/* vdso */
124 		return 0;
125 
126 	if (thp_disabled_by_hw() || vma_thp_disabled(vma, vm_flags))
127 		return 0;
128 
129 	/* khugepaged doesn't collapse DAX vma, but page fault is fine. */
130 	if (vma_is_dax(vma))
131 		return in_pf ? orders : 0;
132 
133 	/*
134 	 * khugepaged special VMA and hugetlb VMA.
135 	 * Must be checked after dax since some dax mappings may have
136 	 * VM_MIXEDMAP set.
137 	 */
138 	if (!in_pf && !smaps && (vm_flags & VM_NO_KHUGEPAGED))
139 		return 0;
140 
141 	/*
142 	 * Check alignment for file vma and size for both file and anon vma by
143 	 * filtering out the unsuitable orders.
144 	 *
145 	 * Skip the check for page fault. Huge fault does the check in fault
146 	 * handlers.
147 	 */
148 	if (!in_pf) {
149 		int order = highest_order(orders);
150 		unsigned long addr;
151 
152 		while (orders) {
153 			addr = vma->vm_end - (PAGE_SIZE << order);
154 			if (thp_vma_suitable_order(vma, addr, order))
155 				break;
156 			order = next_order(&orders, order);
157 		}
158 
159 		if (!orders)
160 			return 0;
161 	}
162 
163 	/*
164 	 * Enabled via shmem mount options or sysfs settings.
165 	 * Must be done before hugepage flags check since shmem has its
166 	 * own flags.
167 	 */
168 	if (!in_pf && shmem_file(vma->vm_file))
169 		return orders & shmem_allowable_huge_orders(file_inode(vma->vm_file),
170 						   vma, vma->vm_pgoff, 0,
171 						   !enforce_sysfs);
172 
173 	if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma)) {
174 		/*
175 		 * Enforce sysfs THP requirements as necessary. Anonymous vmas
176 		 * were already handled in thp_vma_allowable_orders().
177 		 */
178 		if (enforce_sysfs &&
179 		    (!hugepage_global_enabled() || (!(vm_flags & VM_HUGEPAGE) &&
180 						    !hugepage_global_always())))
181 			return 0;
182 
183 		/*
184 		 * Trust that ->huge_fault() handlers know what they are doing
185 		 * in fault path.
186 		 */
187 		if (((in_pf || smaps)) && vma->vm_ops->huge_fault)
188 			return orders;
189 		/* Only regular file is valid in collapse path */
190 		if (((!in_pf || smaps)) && file_thp_enabled(vma))
191 			return orders;
192 		return 0;
193 	}
194 
195 	if (vma_is_temporary_stack(vma))
196 		return 0;
197 
198 	/*
199 	 * THPeligible bit of smaps should show 1 for proper VMAs even
200 	 * though anon_vma is not initialized yet.
201 	 *
202 	 * Allow page fault since anon_vma may be not initialized until
203 	 * the first page fault.
204 	 */
205 	if (!vma->anon_vma)
206 		return (smaps || in_pf) ? orders : 0;
207 
208 	return orders;
209 }
210 
211 static bool get_huge_zero_page(void)
212 {
213 	struct folio *zero_folio;
214 retry:
215 	if (likely(atomic_inc_not_zero(&huge_zero_refcount)))
216 		return true;
217 
218 	zero_folio = folio_alloc((GFP_TRANSHUGE | __GFP_ZERO) & ~__GFP_MOVABLE,
219 			HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
220 	if (!zero_folio) {
221 		count_vm_event(THP_ZERO_PAGE_ALLOC_FAILED);
222 		return false;
223 	}
224 	/* Ensure zero folio won't have large_rmappable flag set. */
225 	folio_clear_large_rmappable(zero_folio);
226 	preempt_disable();
227 	if (cmpxchg(&huge_zero_folio, NULL, zero_folio)) {
228 		preempt_enable();
229 		folio_put(zero_folio);
230 		goto retry;
231 	}
232 	WRITE_ONCE(huge_zero_pfn, folio_pfn(zero_folio));
233 
234 	/* We take additional reference here. It will be put back by shrinker */
235 	atomic_set(&huge_zero_refcount, 2);
236 	preempt_enable();
237 	count_vm_event(THP_ZERO_PAGE_ALLOC);
238 	return true;
239 }
240 
241 static void put_huge_zero_page(void)
242 {
243 	/*
244 	 * Counter should never go to zero here. Only shrinker can put
245 	 * last reference.
246 	 */
247 	BUG_ON(atomic_dec_and_test(&huge_zero_refcount));
248 }
249 
250 struct folio *mm_get_huge_zero_folio(struct mm_struct *mm)
251 {
252 	if (test_bit(MMF_HUGE_ZERO_PAGE, &mm->flags))
253 		return READ_ONCE(huge_zero_folio);
254 
255 	if (!get_huge_zero_page())
256 		return NULL;
257 
258 	if (test_and_set_bit(MMF_HUGE_ZERO_PAGE, &mm->flags))
259 		put_huge_zero_page();
260 
261 	return READ_ONCE(huge_zero_folio);
262 }
263 
264 void mm_put_huge_zero_folio(struct mm_struct *mm)
265 {
266 	if (test_bit(MMF_HUGE_ZERO_PAGE, &mm->flags))
267 		put_huge_zero_page();
268 }
269 
270 static unsigned long shrink_huge_zero_page_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
271 					struct shrink_control *sc)
272 {
273 	/* we can free zero page only if last reference remains */
274 	return atomic_read(&huge_zero_refcount) == 1 ? HPAGE_PMD_NR : 0;
275 }
276 
277 static unsigned long shrink_huge_zero_page_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
278 				       struct shrink_control *sc)
279 {
280 	if (atomic_cmpxchg(&huge_zero_refcount, 1, 0) == 1) {
281 		struct folio *zero_folio = xchg(&huge_zero_folio, NULL);
282 		BUG_ON(zero_folio == NULL);
283 		WRITE_ONCE(huge_zero_pfn, ~0UL);
284 		folio_put(zero_folio);
285 		return HPAGE_PMD_NR;
286 	}
287 
288 	return 0;
289 }
290 
291 static struct shrinker *huge_zero_page_shrinker;
292 
293 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
294 static ssize_t enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
295 			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
296 {
297 	const char *output;
298 
299 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
300 		output = "[always] madvise never";
301 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
302 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
303 		output = "always [madvise] never";
304 	else
305 		output = "always madvise [never]";
306 
307 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", output);
308 }
309 
310 static ssize_t enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj,
311 			     struct kobj_attribute *attr,
312 			     const char *buf, size_t count)
313 {
314 	ssize_t ret = count;
315 
316 	if (sysfs_streq(buf, "always")) {
317 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
318 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
319 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "madvise")) {
320 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
321 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
322 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "never")) {
323 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
324 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
325 	} else
326 		ret = -EINVAL;
327 
328 	if (ret > 0) {
329 		int err = start_stop_khugepaged();
330 		if (err)
331 			ret = err;
332 	}
333 	return ret;
334 }
335 
336 static struct kobj_attribute enabled_attr = __ATTR_RW(enabled);
337 
338 ssize_t single_hugepage_flag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
339 				  struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf,
340 				  enum transparent_hugepage_flag flag)
341 {
342 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n",
343 			  !!test_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags));
344 }
345 
346 ssize_t single_hugepage_flag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
347 				 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
348 				 const char *buf, size_t count,
349 				 enum transparent_hugepage_flag flag)
350 {
351 	unsigned long value;
352 	int ret;
353 
354 	ret = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &value);
355 	if (ret < 0)
356 		return ret;
357 	if (value > 1)
358 		return -EINVAL;
359 
360 	if (value)
361 		set_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
362 	else
363 		clear_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
364 
365 	return count;
366 }
367 
368 static ssize_t defrag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
369 			   struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
370 {
371 	const char *output;
372 
373 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG,
374 		     &transparent_hugepage_flags))
375 		output = "[always] defer defer+madvise madvise never";
376 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG,
377 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
378 		output = "always [defer] defer+madvise madvise never";
379 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG,
380 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
381 		output = "always defer [defer+madvise] madvise never";
382 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
383 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
384 		output = "always defer defer+madvise [madvise] never";
385 	else
386 		output = "always defer defer+madvise madvise [never]";
387 
388 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", output);
389 }
390 
391 static ssize_t defrag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
392 			    struct kobj_attribute *attr,
393 			    const char *buf, size_t count)
394 {
395 	if (sysfs_streq(buf, "always")) {
396 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
397 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
398 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
399 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
400 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "defer+madvise")) {
401 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
402 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
403 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
404 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
405 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "defer")) {
406 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
407 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
408 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
409 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
410 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "madvise")) {
411 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
412 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
413 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
414 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
415 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "never")) {
416 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
417 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
418 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
419 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
420 	} else
421 		return -EINVAL;
422 
423 	return count;
424 }
425 static struct kobj_attribute defrag_attr = __ATTR_RW(defrag);
426 
427 static ssize_t use_zero_page_show(struct kobject *kobj,
428 				  struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
429 {
430 	return single_hugepage_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
431 					 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
432 }
433 static ssize_t use_zero_page_store(struct kobject *kobj,
434 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
435 {
436 	return single_hugepage_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
437 				 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
438 }
439 static struct kobj_attribute use_zero_page_attr = __ATTR_RW(use_zero_page);
440 
441 static ssize_t hpage_pmd_size_show(struct kobject *kobj,
442 				   struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
443 {
444 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
445 }
446 static struct kobj_attribute hpage_pmd_size_attr =
447 	__ATTR_RO(hpage_pmd_size);
448 
449 static ssize_t split_underused_thp_show(struct kobject *kobj,
450 			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
451 {
452 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", split_underused_thp);
453 }
454 
455 static ssize_t split_underused_thp_store(struct kobject *kobj,
456 			     struct kobj_attribute *attr,
457 			     const char *buf, size_t count)
458 {
459 	int err = kstrtobool(buf, &split_underused_thp);
460 
461 	if (err < 0)
462 		return err;
463 
464 	return count;
465 }
466 
467 static struct kobj_attribute split_underused_thp_attr = __ATTR(
468 	shrink_underused, 0644, split_underused_thp_show, split_underused_thp_store);
469 
470 static struct attribute *hugepage_attr[] = {
471 	&enabled_attr.attr,
472 	&defrag_attr.attr,
473 	&use_zero_page_attr.attr,
474 	&hpage_pmd_size_attr.attr,
475 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
476 	&shmem_enabled_attr.attr,
477 #endif
478 	&split_underused_thp_attr.attr,
479 	NULL,
480 };
481 
482 static const struct attribute_group hugepage_attr_group = {
483 	.attrs = hugepage_attr,
484 };
485 
486 static void hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj);
487 static void thpsize_release(struct kobject *kobj);
488 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(huge_anon_orders_lock);
489 static LIST_HEAD(thpsize_list);
490 
491 static ssize_t anon_enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
492 				 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
493 {
494 	int order = to_thpsize(kobj)->order;
495 	const char *output;
496 
497 	if (test_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always))
498 		output = "[always] inherit madvise never";
499 	else if (test_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit))
500 		output = "always [inherit] madvise never";
501 	else if (test_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise))
502 		output = "always inherit [madvise] never";
503 	else
504 		output = "always inherit madvise [never]";
505 
506 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", output);
507 }
508 
509 static ssize_t anon_enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj,
510 				  struct kobj_attribute *attr,
511 				  const char *buf, size_t count)
512 {
513 	int order = to_thpsize(kobj)->order;
514 	ssize_t ret = count;
515 
516 	if (sysfs_streq(buf, "always")) {
517 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
518 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
519 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
520 		set_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
521 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
522 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "inherit")) {
523 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
524 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
525 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
526 		set_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
527 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
528 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "madvise")) {
529 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
530 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
531 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
532 		set_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
533 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
534 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "never")) {
535 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
536 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
537 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
538 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
539 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
540 	} else
541 		ret = -EINVAL;
542 
543 	if (ret > 0) {
544 		int err;
545 
546 		err = start_stop_khugepaged();
547 		if (err)
548 			ret = err;
549 	}
550 	return ret;
551 }
552 
553 static struct kobj_attribute anon_enabled_attr =
554 	__ATTR(enabled, 0644, anon_enabled_show, anon_enabled_store);
555 
556 static struct attribute *anon_ctrl_attrs[] = {
557 	&anon_enabled_attr.attr,
558 	NULL,
559 };
560 
561 static const struct attribute_group anon_ctrl_attr_grp = {
562 	.attrs = anon_ctrl_attrs,
563 };
564 
565 static struct attribute *file_ctrl_attrs[] = {
566 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
567 	&thpsize_shmem_enabled_attr.attr,
568 #endif
569 	NULL,
570 };
571 
572 static const struct attribute_group file_ctrl_attr_grp = {
573 	.attrs = file_ctrl_attrs,
574 };
575 
576 static struct attribute *any_ctrl_attrs[] = {
577 	NULL,
578 };
579 
580 static const struct attribute_group any_ctrl_attr_grp = {
581 	.attrs = any_ctrl_attrs,
582 };
583 
584 static const struct kobj_type thpsize_ktype = {
585 	.release = &thpsize_release,
586 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
587 };
588 
589 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mthp_stat, mthp_stats) = {{{0}}};
590 
591 static unsigned long sum_mthp_stat(int order, enum mthp_stat_item item)
592 {
593 	unsigned long sum = 0;
594 	int cpu;
595 
596 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
597 		struct mthp_stat *this = &per_cpu(mthp_stats, cpu);
598 
599 		sum += this->stats[order][item];
600 	}
601 
602 	return sum;
603 }
604 
605 #define DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(_name, _index)				\
606 static ssize_t _name##_show(struct kobject *kobj,			\
607 			struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)		\
608 {									\
609 	int order = to_thpsize(kobj)->order;				\
610 									\
611 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", sum_mthp_stat(order, _index));	\
612 }									\
613 static struct kobj_attribute _name##_attr = __ATTR_RO(_name)
614 
615 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(anon_fault_alloc, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_ALLOC);
616 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(anon_fault_fallback, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK);
617 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(anon_fault_fallback_charge, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
618 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(zswpout, MTHP_STAT_ZSWPOUT);
619 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpin, MTHP_STAT_SWPIN);
620 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpin_fallback, MTHP_STAT_SWPIN_FALLBACK);
621 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpin_fallback_charge, MTHP_STAT_SWPIN_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
622 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpout, MTHP_STAT_SWPOUT);
623 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpout_fallback, MTHP_STAT_SWPOUT_FALLBACK);
624 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
625 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(shmem_alloc, MTHP_STAT_SHMEM_ALLOC);
626 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(shmem_fallback, MTHP_STAT_SHMEM_FALLBACK);
627 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(shmem_fallback_charge, MTHP_STAT_SHMEM_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
628 #endif
629 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(split, MTHP_STAT_SPLIT);
630 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(split_failed, MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_FAILED);
631 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(split_deferred, MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_DEFERRED);
632 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(nr_anon, MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON);
633 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(nr_anon_partially_mapped, MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED);
634 
635 static struct attribute *anon_stats_attrs[] = {
636 	&anon_fault_alloc_attr.attr,
637 	&anon_fault_fallback_attr.attr,
638 	&anon_fault_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
639 #ifndef CONFIG_SHMEM
640 	&zswpout_attr.attr,
641 	&swpin_attr.attr,
642 	&swpin_fallback_attr.attr,
643 	&swpin_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
644 	&swpout_attr.attr,
645 	&swpout_fallback_attr.attr,
646 #endif
647 	&split_deferred_attr.attr,
648 	&nr_anon_attr.attr,
649 	&nr_anon_partially_mapped_attr.attr,
650 	NULL,
651 };
652 
653 static struct attribute_group anon_stats_attr_grp = {
654 	.name = "stats",
655 	.attrs = anon_stats_attrs,
656 };
657 
658 static struct attribute *file_stats_attrs[] = {
659 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
660 	&shmem_alloc_attr.attr,
661 	&shmem_fallback_attr.attr,
662 	&shmem_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
663 #endif
664 	NULL,
665 };
666 
667 static struct attribute_group file_stats_attr_grp = {
668 	.name = "stats",
669 	.attrs = file_stats_attrs,
670 };
671 
672 static struct attribute *any_stats_attrs[] = {
673 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
674 	&zswpout_attr.attr,
675 	&swpin_attr.attr,
676 	&swpin_fallback_attr.attr,
677 	&swpin_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
678 	&swpout_attr.attr,
679 	&swpout_fallback_attr.attr,
680 #endif
681 	&split_attr.attr,
682 	&split_failed_attr.attr,
683 	NULL,
684 };
685 
686 static struct attribute_group any_stats_attr_grp = {
687 	.name = "stats",
688 	.attrs = any_stats_attrs,
689 };
690 
691 static int sysfs_add_group(struct kobject *kobj,
692 			   const struct attribute_group *grp)
693 {
694 	int ret = -ENOENT;
695 
696 	/*
697 	 * If the group is named, try to merge first, assuming the subdirectory
698 	 * was already created. This avoids the warning emitted by
699 	 * sysfs_create_group() if the directory already exists.
700 	 */
701 	if (grp->name)
702 		ret = sysfs_merge_group(kobj, grp);
703 	if (ret)
704 		ret = sysfs_create_group(kobj, grp);
705 
706 	return ret;
707 }
708 
709 static struct thpsize *thpsize_create(int order, struct kobject *parent)
710 {
711 	unsigned long size = (PAGE_SIZE << order) / SZ_1K;
712 	struct thpsize *thpsize;
713 	int ret = -ENOMEM;
714 
715 	thpsize = kzalloc(sizeof(*thpsize), GFP_KERNEL);
716 	if (!thpsize)
717 		goto err;
718 
719 	thpsize->order = order;
720 
721 	ret = kobject_init_and_add(&thpsize->kobj, &thpsize_ktype, parent,
722 				   "hugepages-%lukB", size);
723 	if (ret) {
724 		kfree(thpsize);
725 		goto err;
726 	}
727 
728 
729 	ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &any_ctrl_attr_grp);
730 	if (ret)
731 		goto err_put;
732 
733 	ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &any_stats_attr_grp);
734 	if (ret)
735 		goto err_put;
736 
737 	if (BIT(order) & THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON) {
738 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &anon_ctrl_attr_grp);
739 		if (ret)
740 			goto err_put;
741 
742 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &anon_stats_attr_grp);
743 		if (ret)
744 			goto err_put;
745 	}
746 
747 	if (BIT(order) & THP_ORDERS_ALL_FILE_DEFAULT) {
748 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &file_ctrl_attr_grp);
749 		if (ret)
750 			goto err_put;
751 
752 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &file_stats_attr_grp);
753 		if (ret)
754 			goto err_put;
755 	}
756 
757 	return thpsize;
758 err_put:
759 	kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
760 err:
761 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
762 }
763 
764 static void thpsize_release(struct kobject *kobj)
765 {
766 	kfree(to_thpsize(kobj));
767 }
768 
769 static int __init hugepage_init_sysfs(struct kobject **hugepage_kobj)
770 {
771 	int err;
772 	struct thpsize *thpsize;
773 	unsigned long orders;
774 	int order;
775 
776 	/*
777 	 * Default to setting PMD-sized THP to inherit the global setting and
778 	 * disable all other sizes. powerpc's PMD_ORDER isn't a compile-time
779 	 * constant so we have to do this here.
780 	 */
781 	if (!anon_orders_configured)
782 		huge_anon_orders_inherit = BIT(PMD_ORDER);
783 
784 	*hugepage_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("transparent_hugepage", mm_kobj);
785 	if (unlikely(!*hugepage_kobj)) {
786 		pr_err("failed to create transparent hugepage kobject\n");
787 		return -ENOMEM;
788 	}
789 
790 	err = sysfs_create_group(*hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
791 	if (err) {
792 		pr_err("failed to register transparent hugepage group\n");
793 		goto delete_obj;
794 	}
795 
796 	err = sysfs_create_group(*hugepage_kobj, &khugepaged_attr_group);
797 	if (err) {
798 		pr_err("failed to register transparent hugepage group\n");
799 		goto remove_hp_group;
800 	}
801 
802 	orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON | THP_ORDERS_ALL_FILE_DEFAULT;
803 	order = highest_order(orders);
804 	while (orders) {
805 		thpsize = thpsize_create(order, *hugepage_kobj);
806 		if (IS_ERR(thpsize)) {
807 			pr_err("failed to create thpsize for order %d\n", order);
808 			err = PTR_ERR(thpsize);
809 			goto remove_all;
810 		}
811 		list_add(&thpsize->node, &thpsize_list);
812 		order = next_order(&orders, order);
813 	}
814 
815 	return 0;
816 
817 remove_all:
818 	hugepage_exit_sysfs(*hugepage_kobj);
819 	return err;
820 remove_hp_group:
821 	sysfs_remove_group(*hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
822 delete_obj:
823 	kobject_put(*hugepage_kobj);
824 	return err;
825 }
826 
827 static void __init hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj)
828 {
829 	struct thpsize *thpsize, *tmp;
830 
831 	list_for_each_entry_safe(thpsize, tmp, &thpsize_list, node) {
832 		list_del(&thpsize->node);
833 		kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
834 	}
835 
836 	sysfs_remove_group(hugepage_kobj, &khugepaged_attr_group);
837 	sysfs_remove_group(hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
838 	kobject_put(hugepage_kobj);
839 }
840 #else
841 static inline int hugepage_init_sysfs(struct kobject **hugepage_kobj)
842 {
843 	return 0;
844 }
845 
846 static inline void hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj)
847 {
848 }
849 #endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */
850 
851 static int __init thp_shrinker_init(void)
852 {
853 	huge_zero_page_shrinker = shrinker_alloc(0, "thp-zero");
854 	if (!huge_zero_page_shrinker)
855 		return -ENOMEM;
856 
857 	deferred_split_shrinker = shrinker_alloc(SHRINKER_NUMA_AWARE |
858 						 SHRINKER_MEMCG_AWARE |
859 						 SHRINKER_NONSLAB,
860 						 "thp-deferred_split");
861 	if (!deferred_split_shrinker) {
862 		shrinker_free(huge_zero_page_shrinker);
863 		return -ENOMEM;
864 	}
865 
866 	huge_zero_page_shrinker->count_objects = shrink_huge_zero_page_count;
867 	huge_zero_page_shrinker->scan_objects = shrink_huge_zero_page_scan;
868 	shrinker_register(huge_zero_page_shrinker);
869 
870 	deferred_split_shrinker->count_objects = deferred_split_count;
871 	deferred_split_shrinker->scan_objects = deferred_split_scan;
872 	shrinker_register(deferred_split_shrinker);
873 
874 	return 0;
875 }
876 
877 static void __init thp_shrinker_exit(void)
878 {
879 	shrinker_free(huge_zero_page_shrinker);
880 	shrinker_free(deferred_split_shrinker);
881 }
882 
883 static int __init hugepage_init(void)
884 {
885 	int err;
886 	struct kobject *hugepage_kobj;
887 
888 	if (!has_transparent_hugepage()) {
889 		transparent_hugepage_flags = 1 << TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_UNSUPPORTED;
890 		return -EINVAL;
891 	}
892 
893 	/*
894 	 * hugepages can't be allocated by the buddy allocator
895 	 */
896 	MAYBE_BUILD_BUG_ON(HPAGE_PMD_ORDER > MAX_PAGE_ORDER);
897 
898 	err = hugepage_init_sysfs(&hugepage_kobj);
899 	if (err)
900 		goto err_sysfs;
901 
902 	err = khugepaged_init();
903 	if (err)
904 		goto err_slab;
905 
906 	err = thp_shrinker_init();
907 	if (err)
908 		goto err_shrinker;
909 
910 	/*
911 	 * By default disable transparent hugepages on smaller systems,
912 	 * where the extra memory used could hurt more than TLB overhead
913 	 * is likely to save.  The admin can still enable it through /sys.
914 	 */
915 	if (totalram_pages() < (512 << (20 - PAGE_SHIFT))) {
916 		transparent_hugepage_flags = 0;
917 		return 0;
918 	}
919 
920 	err = start_stop_khugepaged();
921 	if (err)
922 		goto err_khugepaged;
923 
924 	return 0;
925 err_khugepaged:
926 	thp_shrinker_exit();
927 err_shrinker:
928 	khugepaged_destroy();
929 err_slab:
930 	hugepage_exit_sysfs(hugepage_kobj);
931 err_sysfs:
932 	return err;
933 }
934 subsys_initcall(hugepage_init);
935 
936 static int __init setup_transparent_hugepage(char *str)
937 {
938 	int ret = 0;
939 	if (!str)
940 		goto out;
941 	if (!strcmp(str, "always")) {
942 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
943 			&transparent_hugepage_flags);
944 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
945 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
946 		ret = 1;
947 	} else if (!strcmp(str, "madvise")) {
948 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
949 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
950 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
951 			&transparent_hugepage_flags);
952 		ret = 1;
953 	} else if (!strcmp(str, "never")) {
954 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
955 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
956 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
957 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
958 		ret = 1;
959 	}
960 out:
961 	if (!ret)
962 		pr_warn("transparent_hugepage= cannot parse, ignored\n");
963 	return ret;
964 }
965 __setup("transparent_hugepage=", setup_transparent_hugepage);
966 
967 static char str_dup[PAGE_SIZE] __initdata;
968 static int __init setup_thp_anon(char *str)
969 {
970 	char *token, *range, *policy, *subtoken;
971 	unsigned long always, inherit, madvise;
972 	char *start_size, *end_size;
973 	int start, end, nr;
974 	char *p;
975 
976 	if (!str || strlen(str) + 1 > PAGE_SIZE)
977 		goto err;
978 	strscpy(str_dup, str);
979 
980 	always = huge_anon_orders_always;
981 	madvise = huge_anon_orders_madvise;
982 	inherit = huge_anon_orders_inherit;
983 	p = str_dup;
984 	while ((token = strsep(&p, ";")) != NULL) {
985 		range = strsep(&token, ":");
986 		policy = token;
987 
988 		if (!policy)
989 			goto err;
990 
991 		while ((subtoken = strsep(&range, ",")) != NULL) {
992 			if (strchr(subtoken, '-')) {
993 				start_size = strsep(&subtoken, "-");
994 				end_size = subtoken;
995 
996 				start = get_order_from_str(start_size, THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON);
997 				end = get_order_from_str(end_size, THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON);
998 			} else {
999 				start_size = end_size = subtoken;
1000 				start = end = get_order_from_str(subtoken,
1001 								 THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON);
1002 			}
1003 
1004 			if (start == -EINVAL) {
1005 				pr_err("invalid size %s in thp_anon boot parameter\n", start_size);
1006 				goto err;
1007 			}
1008 
1009 			if (end == -EINVAL) {
1010 				pr_err("invalid size %s in thp_anon boot parameter\n", end_size);
1011 				goto err;
1012 			}
1013 
1014 			if (start < 0 || end < 0 || start > end)
1015 				goto err;
1016 
1017 			nr = end - start + 1;
1018 			if (!strcmp(policy, "always")) {
1019 				bitmap_set(&always, start, nr);
1020 				bitmap_clear(&inherit, start, nr);
1021 				bitmap_clear(&madvise, start, nr);
1022 			} else if (!strcmp(policy, "madvise")) {
1023 				bitmap_set(&madvise, start, nr);
1024 				bitmap_clear(&inherit, start, nr);
1025 				bitmap_clear(&always, start, nr);
1026 			} else if (!strcmp(policy, "inherit")) {
1027 				bitmap_set(&inherit, start, nr);
1028 				bitmap_clear(&madvise, start, nr);
1029 				bitmap_clear(&always, start, nr);
1030 			} else if (!strcmp(policy, "never")) {
1031 				bitmap_clear(&inherit, start, nr);
1032 				bitmap_clear(&madvise, start, nr);
1033 				bitmap_clear(&always, start, nr);
1034 			} else {
1035 				pr_err("invalid policy %s in thp_anon boot parameter\n", policy);
1036 				goto err;
1037 			}
1038 		}
1039 	}
1040 
1041 	huge_anon_orders_always = always;
1042 	huge_anon_orders_madvise = madvise;
1043 	huge_anon_orders_inherit = inherit;
1044 	anon_orders_configured = true;
1045 	return 1;
1046 
1047 err:
1048 	pr_warn("thp_anon=%s: error parsing string, ignoring setting\n", str);
1049 	return 0;
1050 }
1051 __setup("thp_anon=", setup_thp_anon);
1052 
1053 pmd_t maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_t pmd, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1054 {
1055 	if (likely(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
1056 		pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd, vma);
1057 	return pmd;
1058 }
1059 
1060 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
1061 static inline
1062 struct deferred_split *get_deferred_split_queue(struct folio *folio)
1063 {
1064 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = folio_memcg(folio);
1065 	struct pglist_data *pgdat = NODE_DATA(folio_nid(folio));
1066 
1067 	if (memcg)
1068 		return &memcg->deferred_split_queue;
1069 	else
1070 		return &pgdat->deferred_split_queue;
1071 }
1072 #else
1073 static inline
1074 struct deferred_split *get_deferred_split_queue(struct folio *folio)
1075 {
1076 	struct pglist_data *pgdat = NODE_DATA(folio_nid(folio));
1077 
1078 	return &pgdat->deferred_split_queue;
1079 }
1080 #endif
1081 
1082 static inline bool is_transparent_hugepage(const struct folio *folio)
1083 {
1084 	if (!folio_test_large(folio))
1085 		return false;
1086 
1087 	return is_huge_zero_folio(folio) ||
1088 		folio_test_large_rmappable(folio);
1089 }
1090 
1091 static unsigned long __thp_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp,
1092 		unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
1093 		loff_t off, unsigned long flags, unsigned long size,
1094 		vm_flags_t vm_flags)
1095 {
1096 	loff_t off_end = off + len;
1097 	loff_t off_align = round_up(off, size);
1098 	unsigned long len_pad, ret, off_sub;
1099 
1100 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) || in_compat_syscall())
1101 		return 0;
1102 
1103 	if (off_end <= off_align || (off_end - off_align) < size)
1104 		return 0;
1105 
1106 	len_pad = len + size;
1107 	if (len_pad < len || (off + len_pad) < off)
1108 		return 0;
1109 
1110 	ret = mm_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(current->mm, filp, addr, len_pad,
1111 					   off >> PAGE_SHIFT, flags, vm_flags);
1112 
1113 	/*
1114 	 * The failure might be due to length padding. The caller will retry
1115 	 * without the padding.
1116 	 */
1117 	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(ret))
1118 		return 0;
1119 
1120 	/*
1121 	 * Do not try to align to THP boundary if allocation at the address
1122 	 * hint succeeds.
1123 	 */
1124 	if (ret == addr)
1125 		return addr;
1126 
1127 	off_sub = (off - ret) & (size - 1);
1128 
1129 	if (test_bit(MMF_TOPDOWN, &current->mm->flags) && !off_sub)
1130 		return ret + size;
1131 
1132 	ret += off_sub;
1133 	return ret;
1134 }
1135 
1136 unsigned long thp_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
1137 		unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags,
1138 		vm_flags_t vm_flags)
1139 {
1140 	unsigned long ret;
1141 	loff_t off = (loff_t)pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
1142 
1143 	ret = __thp_get_unmapped_area(filp, addr, len, off, flags, PMD_SIZE, vm_flags);
1144 	if (ret)
1145 		return ret;
1146 
1147 	return mm_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(current->mm, filp, addr, len, pgoff, flags,
1148 					    vm_flags);
1149 }
1150 
1151 unsigned long thp_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
1152 		unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
1153 {
1154 	return thp_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(filp, addr, len, pgoff, flags, 0);
1155 }
1156 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(thp_get_unmapped_area);
1157 
1158 static struct folio *vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1159 		unsigned long addr)
1160 {
1161 	gfp_t gfp = vma_thp_gfp_mask(vma);
1162 	const int order = HPAGE_PMD_ORDER;
1163 	struct folio *folio;
1164 
1165 	folio = vma_alloc_folio(gfp, order, vma, addr & HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
1166 
1167 	if (unlikely(!folio)) {
1168 		count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1169 		count_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1170 		return NULL;
1171 	}
1172 
1173 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
1174 	if (mem_cgroup_charge(folio, vma->vm_mm, gfp)) {
1175 		folio_put(folio);
1176 		count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1177 		count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
1178 		count_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1179 		count_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
1180 		return NULL;
1181 	}
1182 	folio_throttle_swaprate(folio, gfp);
1183 
1184        /*
1185 	* When a folio is not zeroed during allocation (__GFP_ZERO not used)
1186 	* or user folios require special handling, folio_zero_user() is used to
1187 	* make sure that the page corresponding to the faulting address will be
1188 	* hot in the cache after zeroing.
1189 	*/
1190 	if (user_alloc_needs_zeroing())
1191 		folio_zero_user(folio, addr);
1192 	/*
1193 	 * The memory barrier inside __folio_mark_uptodate makes sure that
1194 	 * folio_zero_user writes become visible before the set_pmd_at()
1195 	 * write.
1196 	 */
1197 	__folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
1198 	return folio;
1199 }
1200 
1201 static void map_anon_folio_pmd(struct folio *folio, pmd_t *pmd,
1202 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long haddr)
1203 {
1204 	pmd_t entry;
1205 
1206 	entry = folio_mk_pmd(folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1207 	entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1208 	folio_add_new_anon_rmap(folio, vma, haddr, RMAP_EXCLUSIVE);
1209 	folio_add_lru_vma(folio, vma);
1210 	set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, haddr, pmd, entry);
1211 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, haddr, pmd);
1212 	add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1213 	count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_ALLOC);
1214 	count_mthp_stat(HPAGE_PMD_ORDER, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_ALLOC);
1215 	count_memcg_event_mm(vma->vm_mm, THP_FAULT_ALLOC);
1216 }
1217 
1218 static vm_fault_t __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1219 {
1220 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1221 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1222 	struct folio *folio;
1223 	pgtable_t pgtable;
1224 	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
1225 
1226 	folio = vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd(vma, vmf->address);
1227 	if (unlikely(!folio))
1228 		return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1229 
1230 	pgtable = pte_alloc_one(vma->vm_mm);
1231 	if (unlikely(!pgtable)) {
1232 		ret = VM_FAULT_OOM;
1233 		goto release;
1234 	}
1235 
1236 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1237 	if (unlikely(!pmd_none(*vmf->pmd))) {
1238 		goto unlock_release;
1239 	} else {
1240 		ret = check_stable_address_space(vma->vm_mm);
1241 		if (ret)
1242 			goto unlock_release;
1243 
1244 		/* Deliver the page fault to userland */
1245 		if (userfaultfd_missing(vma)) {
1246 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1247 			folio_put(folio);
1248 			pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1249 			ret = handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_MISSING);
1250 			VM_BUG_ON(ret & VM_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1251 			return ret;
1252 		}
1253 		pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd, pgtable);
1254 		map_anon_folio_pmd(folio, vmf->pmd, vma, haddr);
1255 		mm_inc_nr_ptes(vma->vm_mm);
1256 		deferred_split_folio(folio, false);
1257 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1258 	}
1259 
1260 	return 0;
1261 unlock_release:
1262 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1263 release:
1264 	if (pgtable)
1265 		pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1266 	folio_put(folio);
1267 	return ret;
1268 
1269 }
1270 
1271 /*
1272  * always: directly stall for all thp allocations
1273  * defer: wake kswapd and fail if not immediately available
1274  * defer+madvise: wake kswapd and directly stall for MADV_HUGEPAGE, otherwise
1275  *		  fail if not immediately available
1276  * madvise: directly stall for MADV_HUGEPAGE, otherwise fail if not immediately
1277  *	    available
1278  * never: never stall for any thp allocation
1279  */
1280 gfp_t vma_thp_gfp_mask(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1281 {
1282 	const bool vma_madvised = vma && (vma->vm_flags & VM_HUGEPAGE);
1283 
1284 	/* Always do synchronous compaction */
1285 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1286 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE | (vma_madvised ? 0 : __GFP_NORETRY);
1287 
1288 	/* Kick kcompactd and fail quickly */
1289 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1290 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT | __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM;
1291 
1292 	/* Synchronous compaction if madvised, otherwise kick kcompactd */
1293 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1294 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT |
1295 			(vma_madvised ? __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM :
1296 					__GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM);
1297 
1298 	/* Only do synchronous compaction if madvised */
1299 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1300 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT |
1301 		       (vma_madvised ? __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM : 0);
1302 
1303 	return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT;
1304 }
1305 
1306 /* Caller must hold page table lock. */
1307 static void set_huge_zero_folio(pgtable_t pgtable, struct mm_struct *mm,
1308 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd,
1309 		struct folio *zero_folio)
1310 {
1311 	pmd_t entry;
1312 	entry = folio_mk_pmd(zero_folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1313 	pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
1314 	set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pmd, entry);
1315 	mm_inc_nr_ptes(mm);
1316 }
1317 
1318 vm_fault_t do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1319 {
1320 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1321 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1322 	vm_fault_t ret;
1323 
1324 	if (!thp_vma_suitable_order(vma, haddr, PMD_ORDER))
1325 		return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1326 	ret = vmf_anon_prepare(vmf);
1327 	if (ret)
1328 		return ret;
1329 	khugepaged_enter_vma(vma, vma->vm_flags);
1330 
1331 	if (!(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE) &&
1332 			!mm_forbids_zeropage(vma->vm_mm) &&
1333 			transparent_hugepage_use_zero_page()) {
1334 		pgtable_t pgtable;
1335 		struct folio *zero_folio;
1336 		vm_fault_t ret;
1337 
1338 		pgtable = pte_alloc_one(vma->vm_mm);
1339 		if (unlikely(!pgtable))
1340 			return VM_FAULT_OOM;
1341 		zero_folio = mm_get_huge_zero_folio(vma->vm_mm);
1342 		if (unlikely(!zero_folio)) {
1343 			pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1344 			count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1345 			return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1346 		}
1347 		vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1348 		ret = 0;
1349 		if (pmd_none(*vmf->pmd)) {
1350 			ret = check_stable_address_space(vma->vm_mm);
1351 			if (ret) {
1352 				spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1353 				pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1354 			} else if (userfaultfd_missing(vma)) {
1355 				spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1356 				pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1357 				ret = handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_MISSING);
1358 				VM_BUG_ON(ret & VM_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1359 			} else {
1360 				set_huge_zero_folio(pgtable, vma->vm_mm, vma,
1361 						   haddr, vmf->pmd, zero_folio);
1362 				update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd);
1363 				spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1364 			}
1365 		} else {
1366 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1367 			pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1368 		}
1369 		return ret;
1370 	}
1371 
1372 	return __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(vmf);
1373 }
1374 
1375 struct folio_or_pfn {
1376 	union {
1377 		struct folio *folio;
1378 		pfn_t pfn;
1379 	};
1380 	bool is_folio;
1381 };
1382 
1383 static int insert_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1384 		pmd_t *pmd, struct folio_or_pfn fop, pgprot_t prot,
1385 		bool write, pgtable_t pgtable)
1386 {
1387 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1388 	pmd_t entry;
1389 
1390 	lockdep_assert_held(pmd_lockptr(mm, pmd));
1391 
1392 	if (!pmd_none(*pmd)) {
1393 		const unsigned long pfn = fop.is_folio ? folio_pfn(fop.folio) :
1394 					  pfn_t_to_pfn(fop.pfn);
1395 
1396 		if (write) {
1397 			if (pmd_pfn(*pmd) != pfn) {
1398 				WARN_ON_ONCE(!is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd));
1399 				return -EEXIST;
1400 			}
1401 			entry = pmd_mkyoung(*pmd);
1402 			entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1403 			if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, addr, pmd, entry, 1))
1404 				update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1405 		}
1406 
1407 		return -EEXIST;
1408 	}
1409 
1410 	if (fop.is_folio) {
1411 		entry = folio_mk_pmd(fop.folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1412 
1413 		folio_get(fop.folio);
1414 		folio_add_file_rmap_pmd(fop.folio, &fop.folio->page, vma);
1415 		add_mm_counter(mm, mm_counter_file(fop.folio), HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1416 	} else {
1417 		entry = pmd_mkhuge(pfn_t_pmd(fop.pfn, prot));
1418 		entry = pmd_mkspecial(entry);
1419 	}
1420 	if (write) {
1421 		entry = pmd_mkyoung(pmd_mkdirty(entry));
1422 		entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(entry, vma);
1423 	}
1424 
1425 	if (pgtable) {
1426 		pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
1427 		mm_inc_nr_ptes(mm);
1428 	}
1429 
1430 	set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, entry);
1431 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1432 	return 0;
1433 }
1434 
1435 /**
1436  * vmf_insert_pfn_pmd - insert a pmd size pfn
1437  * @vmf: Structure describing the fault
1438  * @pfn: pfn to insert
1439  * @write: whether it's a write fault
1440  *
1441  * Insert a pmd size pfn. See vmf_insert_pfn() for additional info.
1442  *
1443  * Return: vm_fault_t value.
1444  */
1445 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, pfn_t pfn, bool write)
1446 {
1447 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PMD_MASK;
1448 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1449 	pgprot_t pgprot = vma->vm_page_prot;
1450 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1451 		.pfn = pfn,
1452 	};
1453 	pgtable_t pgtable = NULL;
1454 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1455 	int error;
1456 
1457 	/*
1458 	 * If we had pmd_special, we could avoid all these restrictions,
1459 	 * but we need to be consistent with PTEs and architectures that
1460 	 * can't support a 'special' bit.
1461 	 */
1462 	BUG_ON(!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)));
1463 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)) ==
1464 						(VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP));
1465 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP) && is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags));
1466 
1467 	if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
1468 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1469 
1470 	if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit()) {
1471 		pgtable = pte_alloc_one(vma->vm_mm);
1472 		if (!pgtable)
1473 			return VM_FAULT_OOM;
1474 	}
1475 
1476 	pfnmap_setup_cachemode_pfn(pfn_t_to_pfn(pfn), &pgprot);
1477 
1478 	ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1479 	error = insert_pmd(vma, addr, vmf->pmd, fop, pgprot, write,
1480 			   pgtable);
1481 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1482 	if (error && pgtable)
1483 		pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1484 
1485 	return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
1486 }
1487 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_pfn_pmd);
1488 
1489 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_folio_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio,
1490 				bool write)
1491 {
1492 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1493 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PMD_MASK;
1494 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1495 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1496 		.folio = folio,
1497 		.is_folio = true,
1498 	};
1499 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1500 	pgtable_t pgtable = NULL;
1501 	int error;
1502 
1503 	if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
1504 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1505 
1506 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_order(folio) != PMD_ORDER))
1507 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1508 
1509 	if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit()) {
1510 		pgtable = pte_alloc_one(vma->vm_mm);
1511 		if (!pgtable)
1512 			return VM_FAULT_OOM;
1513 	}
1514 
1515 	ptl = pmd_lock(mm, vmf->pmd);
1516 	error = insert_pmd(vma, addr, vmf->pmd, fop, vma->vm_page_prot,
1517 			   write, pgtable);
1518 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1519 	if (error && pgtable)
1520 		pte_free(mm, pgtable);
1521 
1522 	return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
1523 }
1524 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_folio_pmd);
1525 
1526 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
1527 static pud_t maybe_pud_mkwrite(pud_t pud, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1528 {
1529 	if (likely(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
1530 		pud = pud_mkwrite(pud);
1531 	return pud;
1532 }
1533 
1534 static void insert_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1535 		pud_t *pud, struct folio_or_pfn fop, pgprot_t prot, bool write)
1536 {
1537 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1538 	pud_t entry;
1539 
1540 	if (!pud_none(*pud)) {
1541 		const unsigned long pfn = fop.is_folio ? folio_pfn(fop.folio) :
1542 					  pfn_t_to_pfn(fop.pfn);
1543 
1544 		if (write) {
1545 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(pud_pfn(*pud) != pfn))
1546 				return;
1547 			entry = pud_mkyoung(*pud);
1548 			entry = maybe_pud_mkwrite(pud_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1549 			if (pudp_set_access_flags(vma, addr, pud, entry, 1))
1550 				update_mmu_cache_pud(vma, addr, pud);
1551 		}
1552 		return;
1553 	}
1554 
1555 	if (fop.is_folio) {
1556 		entry = folio_mk_pud(fop.folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1557 
1558 		folio_get(fop.folio);
1559 		folio_add_file_rmap_pud(fop.folio, &fop.folio->page, vma);
1560 		add_mm_counter(mm, mm_counter_file(fop.folio), HPAGE_PUD_NR);
1561 	} else {
1562 		entry = pud_mkhuge(pfn_t_pud(fop.pfn, prot));
1563 		entry = pud_mkspecial(entry);
1564 	}
1565 	if (write) {
1566 		entry = pud_mkyoung(pud_mkdirty(entry));
1567 		entry = maybe_pud_mkwrite(entry, vma);
1568 	}
1569 	set_pud_at(mm, addr, pud, entry);
1570 	update_mmu_cache_pud(vma, addr, pud);
1571 }
1572 
1573 /**
1574  * vmf_insert_pfn_pud - insert a pud size pfn
1575  * @vmf: Structure describing the fault
1576  * @pfn: pfn to insert
1577  * @write: whether it's a write fault
1578  *
1579  * Insert a pud size pfn. See vmf_insert_pfn() for additional info.
1580  *
1581  * Return: vm_fault_t value.
1582  */
1583 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_pud(struct vm_fault *vmf, pfn_t pfn, bool write)
1584 {
1585 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PUD_MASK;
1586 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1587 	pgprot_t pgprot = vma->vm_page_prot;
1588 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1589 		.pfn = pfn,
1590 	};
1591 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1592 
1593 	/*
1594 	 * If we had pud_special, we could avoid all these restrictions,
1595 	 * but we need to be consistent with PTEs and architectures that
1596 	 * can't support a 'special' bit.
1597 	 */
1598 	BUG_ON(!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)));
1599 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)) ==
1600 						(VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP));
1601 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP) && is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags));
1602 
1603 	if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
1604 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1605 
1606 	pfnmap_setup_cachemode_pfn(pfn_t_to_pfn(pfn), &pgprot);
1607 
1608 	ptl = pud_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pud);
1609 	insert_pud(vma, addr, vmf->pud, fop, pgprot, write);
1610 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1611 
1612 	return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
1613 }
1614 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_pfn_pud);
1615 
1616 /**
1617  * vmf_insert_folio_pud - insert a pud size folio mapped by a pud entry
1618  * @vmf: Structure describing the fault
1619  * @folio: folio to insert
1620  * @write: whether it's a write fault
1621  *
1622  * Return: vm_fault_t value.
1623  */
1624 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_folio_pud(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio,
1625 				bool write)
1626 {
1627 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1628 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PUD_MASK;
1629 	pud_t *pud = vmf->pud;
1630 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1631 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1632 		.folio = folio,
1633 		.is_folio = true,
1634 	};
1635 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1636 
1637 	if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
1638 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1639 
1640 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_order(folio) != PUD_ORDER))
1641 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1642 
1643 	ptl = pud_lock(mm, pud);
1644 	insert_pud(vma, addr, vmf->pud, fop, vma->vm_page_prot, write);
1645 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1646 
1647 	return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
1648 }
1649 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_folio_pud);
1650 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD */
1651 
1652 void touch_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1653 	       pmd_t *pmd, bool write)
1654 {
1655 	pmd_t _pmd;
1656 
1657 	_pmd = pmd_mkyoung(*pmd);
1658 	if (write)
1659 		_pmd = pmd_mkdirty(_pmd);
1660 	if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, addr & HPAGE_PMD_MASK,
1661 				  pmd, _pmd, write))
1662 		update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1663 }
1664 
1665 int copy_huge_pmd(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
1666 		  pmd_t *dst_pmd, pmd_t *src_pmd, unsigned long addr,
1667 		  struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma)
1668 {
1669 	spinlock_t *dst_ptl, *src_ptl;
1670 	struct page *src_page;
1671 	struct folio *src_folio;
1672 	pmd_t pmd;
1673 	pgtable_t pgtable = NULL;
1674 	int ret = -ENOMEM;
1675 
1676 	pmd = pmdp_get_lockless(src_pmd);
1677 	if (unlikely(pmd_present(pmd) && pmd_special(pmd))) {
1678 		dst_ptl = pmd_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd);
1679 		src_ptl = pmd_lockptr(src_mm, src_pmd);
1680 		spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
1681 		/*
1682 		 * No need to recheck the pmd, it can't change with write
1683 		 * mmap lock held here.
1684 		 *
1685 		 * Meanwhile, making sure it's not a CoW VMA with writable
1686 		 * mapping, otherwise it means either the anon page wrongly
1687 		 * applied special bit, or we made the PRIVATE mapping be
1688 		 * able to wrongly write to the backend MMIO.
1689 		 */
1690 		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(is_cow_mapping(src_vma->vm_flags) && pmd_write(pmd));
1691 		goto set_pmd;
1692 	}
1693 
1694 	/* Skip if can be re-fill on fault */
1695 	if (!vma_is_anonymous(dst_vma))
1696 		return 0;
1697 
1698 	pgtable = pte_alloc_one(dst_mm);
1699 	if (unlikely(!pgtable))
1700 		goto out;
1701 
1702 	dst_ptl = pmd_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd);
1703 	src_ptl = pmd_lockptr(src_mm, src_pmd);
1704 	spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
1705 
1706 	ret = -EAGAIN;
1707 	pmd = *src_pmd;
1708 
1709 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
1710 	if (unlikely(is_swap_pmd(pmd))) {
1711 		swp_entry_t entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(pmd);
1712 
1713 		VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(pmd));
1714 		if (!is_readable_migration_entry(entry)) {
1715 			entry = make_readable_migration_entry(
1716 							swp_offset(entry));
1717 			pmd = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
1718 			if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*src_pmd))
1719 				pmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
1720 			if (pmd_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pmd))
1721 				pmd = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmd);
1722 			set_pmd_at(src_mm, addr, src_pmd, pmd);
1723 		}
1724 		add_mm_counter(dst_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1725 		mm_inc_nr_ptes(dst_mm);
1726 		pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(dst_mm, dst_pmd, pgtable);
1727 		if (!userfaultfd_wp(dst_vma))
1728 			pmd = pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
1729 		set_pmd_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pmd, pmd);
1730 		ret = 0;
1731 		goto out_unlock;
1732 	}
1733 #endif
1734 
1735 	if (unlikely(!pmd_trans_huge(pmd))) {
1736 		pte_free(dst_mm, pgtable);
1737 		goto out_unlock;
1738 	}
1739 	/*
1740 	 * When page table lock is held, the huge zero pmd should not be
1741 	 * under splitting since we don't split the page itself, only pmd to
1742 	 * a page table.
1743 	 */
1744 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(pmd)) {
1745 		/*
1746 		 * mm_get_huge_zero_folio() will never allocate a new
1747 		 * folio here, since we already have a zero page to
1748 		 * copy. It just takes a reference.
1749 		 */
1750 		mm_get_huge_zero_folio(dst_mm);
1751 		goto out_zero_page;
1752 	}
1753 
1754 	src_page = pmd_page(pmd);
1755 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(src_page), src_page);
1756 	src_folio = page_folio(src_page);
1757 
1758 	folio_get(src_folio);
1759 	if (unlikely(folio_try_dup_anon_rmap_pmd(src_folio, src_page, dst_vma, src_vma))) {
1760 		/* Page maybe pinned: split and retry the fault on PTEs. */
1761 		folio_put(src_folio);
1762 		pte_free(dst_mm, pgtable);
1763 		spin_unlock(src_ptl);
1764 		spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
1765 		__split_huge_pmd(src_vma, src_pmd, addr, false);
1766 		return -EAGAIN;
1767 	}
1768 	add_mm_counter(dst_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1769 out_zero_page:
1770 	mm_inc_nr_ptes(dst_mm);
1771 	pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(dst_mm, dst_pmd, pgtable);
1772 	pmdp_set_wrprotect(src_mm, addr, src_pmd);
1773 	if (!userfaultfd_wp(dst_vma))
1774 		pmd = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
1775 	pmd = pmd_wrprotect(pmd);
1776 set_pmd:
1777 	pmd = pmd_mkold(pmd);
1778 	set_pmd_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pmd, pmd);
1779 
1780 	ret = 0;
1781 out_unlock:
1782 	spin_unlock(src_ptl);
1783 	spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
1784 out:
1785 	return ret;
1786 }
1787 
1788 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
1789 void touch_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1790 	       pud_t *pud, bool write)
1791 {
1792 	pud_t _pud;
1793 
1794 	_pud = pud_mkyoung(*pud);
1795 	if (write)
1796 		_pud = pud_mkdirty(_pud);
1797 	if (pudp_set_access_flags(vma, addr & HPAGE_PUD_MASK,
1798 				  pud, _pud, write))
1799 		update_mmu_cache_pud(vma, addr, pud);
1800 }
1801 
1802 int copy_huge_pud(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
1803 		  pud_t *dst_pud, pud_t *src_pud, unsigned long addr,
1804 		  struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1805 {
1806 	spinlock_t *dst_ptl, *src_ptl;
1807 	pud_t pud;
1808 	int ret;
1809 
1810 	dst_ptl = pud_lock(dst_mm, dst_pud);
1811 	src_ptl = pud_lockptr(src_mm, src_pud);
1812 	spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
1813 
1814 	ret = -EAGAIN;
1815 	pud = *src_pud;
1816 	if (unlikely(!pud_trans_huge(pud)))
1817 		goto out_unlock;
1818 
1819 	/*
1820 	 * TODO: once we support anonymous pages, use
1821 	 * folio_try_dup_anon_rmap_*() and split if duplicating fails.
1822 	 */
1823 	if (is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags) && pud_write(pud)) {
1824 		pudp_set_wrprotect(src_mm, addr, src_pud);
1825 		pud = pud_wrprotect(pud);
1826 	}
1827 	pud = pud_mkold(pud);
1828 	set_pud_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pud, pud);
1829 
1830 	ret = 0;
1831 out_unlock:
1832 	spin_unlock(src_ptl);
1833 	spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
1834 	return ret;
1835 }
1836 
1837 void huge_pud_set_accessed(struct vm_fault *vmf, pud_t orig_pud)
1838 {
1839 	bool write = vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
1840 
1841 	vmf->ptl = pud_lock(vmf->vma->vm_mm, vmf->pud);
1842 	if (unlikely(!pud_same(*vmf->pud, orig_pud)))
1843 		goto unlock;
1844 
1845 	touch_pud(vmf->vma, vmf->address, vmf->pud, write);
1846 unlock:
1847 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1848 }
1849 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD */
1850 
1851 void huge_pmd_set_accessed(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1852 {
1853 	bool write = vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
1854 
1855 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vmf->vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1856 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*vmf->pmd, vmf->orig_pmd)))
1857 		goto unlock;
1858 
1859 	touch_pmd(vmf->vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd, write);
1860 
1861 unlock:
1862 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1863 }
1864 
1865 static vm_fault_t do_huge_zero_wp_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1866 {
1867 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1868 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1869 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
1870 	struct folio *folio;
1871 	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
1872 
1873 	folio = vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd(vma, vmf->address);
1874 	if (unlikely(!folio))
1875 		return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1876 
1877 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm, haddr,
1878 				haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
1879 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
1880 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1881 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(pmdp_get(vmf->pmd), vmf->orig_pmd)))
1882 		goto release;
1883 	ret = check_stable_address_space(vma->vm_mm);
1884 	if (ret)
1885 		goto release;
1886 	(void)pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, vmf->pmd);
1887 	map_anon_folio_pmd(folio, vmf->pmd, vma, haddr);
1888 	goto unlock;
1889 release:
1890 	folio_put(folio);
1891 unlock:
1892 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1893 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
1894 	return ret;
1895 }
1896 
1897 vm_fault_t do_huge_pmd_wp_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1898 {
1899 	const bool unshare = vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE;
1900 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1901 	struct folio *folio;
1902 	struct page *page;
1903 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1904 	pmd_t orig_pmd = vmf->orig_pmd;
1905 
1906 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lockptr(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1907 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!vma->anon_vma, vma);
1908 
1909 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd)) {
1910 		vm_fault_t ret = do_huge_zero_wp_pmd(vmf);
1911 
1912 		if (!(ret & VM_FAULT_FALLBACK))
1913 			return ret;
1914 
1915 		/* Fallback to splitting PMD if THP cannot be allocated */
1916 		goto fallback;
1917 	}
1918 
1919 	spin_lock(vmf->ptl);
1920 
1921 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*vmf->pmd, orig_pmd))) {
1922 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1923 		return 0;
1924 	}
1925 
1926 	page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
1927 	folio = page_folio(page);
1928 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
1929 
1930 	/* Early check when only holding the PT lock. */
1931 	if (PageAnonExclusive(page))
1932 		goto reuse;
1933 
1934 	if (!folio_trylock(folio)) {
1935 		folio_get(folio);
1936 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1937 		folio_lock(folio);
1938 		spin_lock(vmf->ptl);
1939 		if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*vmf->pmd, orig_pmd))) {
1940 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1941 			folio_unlock(folio);
1942 			folio_put(folio);
1943 			return 0;
1944 		}
1945 		folio_put(folio);
1946 	}
1947 
1948 	/* Recheck after temporarily dropping the PT lock. */
1949 	if (PageAnonExclusive(page)) {
1950 		folio_unlock(folio);
1951 		goto reuse;
1952 	}
1953 
1954 	/*
1955 	 * See do_wp_page(): we can only reuse the folio exclusively if
1956 	 * there are no additional references. Note that we always drain
1957 	 * the LRU cache immediately after adding a THP.
1958 	 */
1959 	if (folio_ref_count(folio) >
1960 			1 + folio_test_swapcache(folio) * folio_nr_pages(folio))
1961 		goto unlock_fallback;
1962 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
1963 		folio_free_swap(folio);
1964 	if (folio_ref_count(folio) == 1) {
1965 		pmd_t entry;
1966 
1967 		folio_move_anon_rmap(folio, vma);
1968 		SetPageAnonExclusive(page);
1969 		folio_unlock(folio);
1970 reuse:
1971 		if (unlikely(unshare)) {
1972 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1973 			return 0;
1974 		}
1975 		entry = pmd_mkyoung(orig_pmd);
1976 		entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1977 		if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, haddr, vmf->pmd, entry, 1))
1978 			update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd);
1979 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1980 		return 0;
1981 	}
1982 
1983 unlock_fallback:
1984 	folio_unlock(folio);
1985 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1986 fallback:
1987 	__split_huge_pmd(vma, vmf->pmd, vmf->address, false);
1988 	return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1989 }
1990 
1991 static inline bool can_change_pmd_writable(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1992 					   unsigned long addr, pmd_t pmd)
1993 {
1994 	struct page *page;
1995 
1996 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)))
1997 		return false;
1998 
1999 	/* Don't touch entries that are not even readable (NUMA hinting). */
2000 	if (pmd_protnone(pmd))
2001 		return false;
2002 
2003 	/* Do we need write faults for softdirty tracking? */
2004 	if (pmd_needs_soft_dirty_wp(vma, pmd))
2005 		return false;
2006 
2007 	/* Do we need write faults for uffd-wp tracking? */
2008 	if (userfaultfd_huge_pmd_wp(vma, pmd))
2009 		return false;
2010 
2011 	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)) {
2012 		/* See can_change_pte_writable(). */
2013 		page = vm_normal_page_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
2014 		return page && PageAnon(page) && PageAnonExclusive(page);
2015 	}
2016 
2017 	/* See can_change_pte_writable(). */
2018 	return pmd_dirty(pmd);
2019 }
2020 
2021 /* NUMA hinting page fault entry point for trans huge pmds */
2022 vm_fault_t do_huge_pmd_numa_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
2023 {
2024 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
2025 	struct folio *folio;
2026 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2027 	int nid = NUMA_NO_NODE;
2028 	int target_nid, last_cpupid;
2029 	pmd_t pmd, old_pmd;
2030 	bool writable = false;
2031 	int flags = 0;
2032 
2033 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
2034 	old_pmd = pmdp_get(vmf->pmd);
2035 
2036 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(old_pmd, vmf->orig_pmd))) {
2037 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2038 		return 0;
2039 	}
2040 
2041 	pmd = pmd_modify(old_pmd, vma->vm_page_prot);
2042 
2043 	/*
2044 	 * Detect now whether the PMD could be writable; this information
2045 	 * is only valid while holding the PT lock.
2046 	 */
2047 	writable = pmd_write(pmd);
2048 	if (!writable && vma_wants_manual_pte_write_upgrade(vma) &&
2049 	    can_change_pmd_writable(vma, vmf->address, pmd))
2050 		writable = true;
2051 
2052 	folio = vm_normal_folio_pmd(vma, haddr, pmd);
2053 	if (!folio)
2054 		goto out_map;
2055 
2056 	nid = folio_nid(folio);
2057 
2058 	target_nid = numa_migrate_check(folio, vmf, haddr, &flags, writable,
2059 					&last_cpupid);
2060 	if (target_nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
2061 		goto out_map;
2062 	if (migrate_misplaced_folio_prepare(folio, vma, target_nid)) {
2063 		flags |= TNF_MIGRATE_FAIL;
2064 		goto out_map;
2065 	}
2066 	/* The folio is isolated and isolation code holds a folio reference. */
2067 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2068 	writable = false;
2069 
2070 	if (!migrate_misplaced_folio(folio, target_nid)) {
2071 		flags |= TNF_MIGRATED;
2072 		nid = target_nid;
2073 		task_numa_fault(last_cpupid, nid, HPAGE_PMD_NR, flags);
2074 		return 0;
2075 	}
2076 
2077 	flags |= TNF_MIGRATE_FAIL;
2078 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
2079 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(pmdp_get(vmf->pmd), vmf->orig_pmd))) {
2080 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2081 		return 0;
2082 	}
2083 out_map:
2084 	/* Restore the PMD */
2085 	pmd = pmd_modify(pmdp_get(vmf->pmd), vma->vm_page_prot);
2086 	pmd = pmd_mkyoung(pmd);
2087 	if (writable)
2088 		pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd, vma);
2089 	set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, haddr, vmf->pmd, pmd);
2090 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd);
2091 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2092 
2093 	if (nid != NUMA_NO_NODE)
2094 		task_numa_fault(last_cpupid, nid, HPAGE_PMD_NR, flags);
2095 	return 0;
2096 }
2097 
2098 /*
2099  * Return true if we do MADV_FREE successfully on entire pmd page.
2100  * Otherwise, return false.
2101  */
2102 bool madvise_free_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2103 		pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long next)
2104 {
2105 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2106 	pmd_t orig_pmd;
2107 	struct folio *folio;
2108 	struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
2109 	bool ret = false;
2110 
2111 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2112 
2113 	ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
2114 	if (!ptl)
2115 		goto out_unlocked;
2116 
2117 	orig_pmd = *pmd;
2118 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd))
2119 		goto out;
2120 
2121 	if (unlikely(!pmd_present(orig_pmd))) {
2122 		VM_BUG_ON(thp_migration_supported() &&
2123 				  !is_pmd_migration_entry(orig_pmd));
2124 		goto out;
2125 	}
2126 
2127 	folio = pmd_folio(orig_pmd);
2128 	/*
2129 	 * If other processes are mapping this folio, we couldn't discard
2130 	 * the folio unless they all do MADV_FREE so let's skip the folio.
2131 	 */
2132 	if (folio_maybe_mapped_shared(folio))
2133 		goto out;
2134 
2135 	if (!folio_trylock(folio))
2136 		goto out;
2137 
2138 	/*
2139 	 * If user want to discard part-pages of THP, split it so MADV_FREE
2140 	 * will deactivate only them.
2141 	 */
2142 	if (next - addr != HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) {
2143 		folio_get(folio);
2144 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2145 		split_folio(folio);
2146 		folio_unlock(folio);
2147 		folio_put(folio);
2148 		goto out_unlocked;
2149 	}
2150 
2151 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio))
2152 		folio_clear_dirty(folio);
2153 	folio_unlock(folio);
2154 
2155 	if (pmd_young(orig_pmd) || pmd_dirty(orig_pmd)) {
2156 		pmdp_invalidate(vma, addr, pmd);
2157 		orig_pmd = pmd_mkold(orig_pmd);
2158 		orig_pmd = pmd_mkclean(orig_pmd);
2159 
2160 		set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, orig_pmd);
2161 		tlb_remove_pmd_tlb_entry(tlb, pmd, addr);
2162 	}
2163 
2164 	folio_mark_lazyfree(folio);
2165 	ret = true;
2166 out:
2167 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2168 out_unlocked:
2169 	return ret;
2170 }
2171 
2172 static inline void zap_deposited_table(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
2173 {
2174 	pgtable_t pgtable;
2175 
2176 	pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
2177 	pte_free(mm, pgtable);
2178 	mm_dec_nr_ptes(mm);
2179 }
2180 
2181 int zap_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2182 		 pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr)
2183 {
2184 	pmd_t orig_pmd;
2185 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2186 
2187 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2188 
2189 	ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
2190 	if (!ptl)
2191 		return 0;
2192 	/*
2193 	 * For architectures like ppc64 we look at deposited pgtable
2194 	 * when calling pmdp_huge_get_and_clear. So do the
2195 	 * pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw after finishing pmdp related
2196 	 * operations.
2197 	 */
2198 	orig_pmd = pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_full(vma, addr, pmd,
2199 						tlb->fullmm);
2200 	arch_check_zapped_pmd(vma, orig_pmd);
2201 	tlb_remove_pmd_tlb_entry(tlb, pmd, addr);
2202 	if (!vma_is_dax(vma) && vma_is_special_huge(vma)) {
2203 		if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2204 			zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2205 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2206 	} else if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd)) {
2207 		if (!vma_is_dax(vma) || arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2208 			zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2209 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2210 	} else {
2211 		struct folio *folio = NULL;
2212 		int flush_needed = 1;
2213 
2214 		if (pmd_present(orig_pmd)) {
2215 			struct page *page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
2216 
2217 			folio = page_folio(page);
2218 			folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
2219 			WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_mapcount(folio) < 0);
2220 			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
2221 		} else if (thp_migration_supported()) {
2222 			swp_entry_t entry;
2223 
2224 			VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(orig_pmd));
2225 			entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(orig_pmd);
2226 			folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
2227 			flush_needed = 0;
2228 		} else
2229 			WARN_ONCE(1, "Non present huge pmd without pmd migration enabled!");
2230 
2231 		if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
2232 			zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2233 			add_mm_counter(tlb->mm, MM_ANONPAGES, -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
2234 		} else {
2235 			if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2236 				zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2237 			add_mm_counter(tlb->mm, mm_counter_file(folio),
2238 				       -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
2239 
2240 			/*
2241 			 * Use flush_needed to indicate whether the PMD entry
2242 			 * is present, instead of checking pmd_present() again.
2243 			 */
2244 			if (flush_needed && pmd_young(orig_pmd) &&
2245 			    likely(vma_has_recency(vma)))
2246 				folio_mark_accessed(folio);
2247 		}
2248 
2249 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2250 		if (flush_needed)
2251 			tlb_remove_page_size(tlb, &folio->page, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2252 	}
2253 	return 1;
2254 }
2255 
2256 #ifndef pmd_move_must_withdraw
2257 static inline int pmd_move_must_withdraw(spinlock_t *new_pmd_ptl,
2258 					 spinlock_t *old_pmd_ptl,
2259 					 struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2260 {
2261 	/*
2262 	 * With split pmd lock we also need to move preallocated
2263 	 * PTE page table if new_pmd is on different PMD page table.
2264 	 *
2265 	 * We also don't deposit and withdraw tables for file pages.
2266 	 */
2267 	return (new_pmd_ptl != old_pmd_ptl) && vma_is_anonymous(vma);
2268 }
2269 #endif
2270 
2271 static pmd_t move_soft_dirty_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
2272 {
2273 #ifdef CONFIG_MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
2274 	if (unlikely(is_pmd_migration_entry(pmd)))
2275 		pmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
2276 	else if (pmd_present(pmd))
2277 		pmd = pmd_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
2278 #endif
2279 	return pmd;
2280 }
2281 
2282 static pmd_t clear_uffd_wp_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
2283 {
2284 	if (pmd_present(pmd))
2285 		pmd = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
2286 	else if (is_swap_pmd(pmd))
2287 		pmd = pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
2288 
2289 	return pmd;
2290 }
2291 
2292 bool move_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long old_addr,
2293 		  unsigned long new_addr, pmd_t *old_pmd, pmd_t *new_pmd)
2294 {
2295 	spinlock_t *old_ptl, *new_ptl;
2296 	pmd_t pmd;
2297 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2298 	bool force_flush = false;
2299 
2300 	/*
2301 	 * The destination pmd shouldn't be established, free_pgtables()
2302 	 * should have released it; but move_page_tables() might have already
2303 	 * inserted a page table, if racing against shmem/file collapse.
2304 	 */
2305 	if (!pmd_none(*new_pmd)) {
2306 		VM_BUG_ON(pmd_trans_huge(*new_pmd));
2307 		return false;
2308 	}
2309 
2310 	/*
2311 	 * We don't have to worry about the ordering of src and dst
2312 	 * ptlocks because exclusive mmap_lock prevents deadlock.
2313 	 */
2314 	old_ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(old_pmd, vma);
2315 	if (old_ptl) {
2316 		new_ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, new_pmd);
2317 		if (new_ptl != old_ptl)
2318 			spin_lock_nested(new_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
2319 		pmd = pmdp_huge_get_and_clear(mm, old_addr, old_pmd);
2320 		if (pmd_present(pmd))
2321 			force_flush = true;
2322 		VM_BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*new_pmd));
2323 
2324 		if (pmd_move_must_withdraw(new_ptl, old_ptl, vma)) {
2325 			pgtable_t pgtable;
2326 			pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, old_pmd);
2327 			pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, new_pmd, pgtable);
2328 		}
2329 		pmd = move_soft_dirty_pmd(pmd);
2330 		if (vma_has_uffd_without_event_remap(vma))
2331 			pmd = clear_uffd_wp_pmd(pmd);
2332 		set_pmd_at(mm, new_addr, new_pmd, pmd);
2333 		if (force_flush)
2334 			flush_pmd_tlb_range(vma, old_addr, old_addr + PMD_SIZE);
2335 		if (new_ptl != old_ptl)
2336 			spin_unlock(new_ptl);
2337 		spin_unlock(old_ptl);
2338 		return true;
2339 	}
2340 	return false;
2341 }
2342 
2343 /*
2344  * Returns
2345  *  - 0 if PMD could not be locked
2346  *  - 1 if PMD was locked but protections unchanged and TLB flush unnecessary
2347  *      or if prot_numa but THP migration is not supported
2348  *  - HPAGE_PMD_NR if protections changed and TLB flush necessary
2349  */
2350 int change_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2351 		    pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot,
2352 		    unsigned long cp_flags)
2353 {
2354 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2355 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2356 	pmd_t oldpmd, entry;
2357 	bool prot_numa = cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA;
2358 	bool uffd_wp = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP;
2359 	bool uffd_wp_resolve = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE;
2360 	int ret = 1;
2361 
2362 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2363 
2364 	if (prot_numa && !thp_migration_supported())
2365 		return 1;
2366 
2367 	ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
2368 	if (!ptl)
2369 		return 0;
2370 
2371 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
2372 	if (is_swap_pmd(*pmd)) {
2373 		swp_entry_t entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(*pmd);
2374 		struct folio *folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
2375 		pmd_t newpmd;
2376 
2377 		VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd));
2378 		if (is_writable_migration_entry(entry)) {
2379 			/*
2380 			 * A protection check is difficult so
2381 			 * just be safe and disable write
2382 			 */
2383 			if (folio_test_anon(folio))
2384 				entry = make_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(swp_offset(entry));
2385 			else
2386 				entry = make_readable_migration_entry(swp_offset(entry));
2387 			newpmd = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
2388 			if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*pmd))
2389 				newpmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(newpmd);
2390 		} else {
2391 			newpmd = *pmd;
2392 		}
2393 
2394 		if (uffd_wp)
2395 			newpmd = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpmd);
2396 		else if (uffd_wp_resolve)
2397 			newpmd = pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(newpmd);
2398 		if (!pmd_same(*pmd, newpmd))
2399 			set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, newpmd);
2400 		goto unlock;
2401 	}
2402 #endif
2403 
2404 	if (prot_numa) {
2405 		struct folio *folio;
2406 		bool toptier;
2407 		/*
2408 		 * Avoid trapping faults against the zero page. The read-only
2409 		 * data is likely to be read-cached on the local CPU and
2410 		 * local/remote hits to the zero page are not interesting.
2411 		 */
2412 		if (is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd))
2413 			goto unlock;
2414 
2415 		if (pmd_protnone(*pmd))
2416 			goto unlock;
2417 
2418 		folio = pmd_folio(*pmd);
2419 		toptier = node_is_toptier(folio_nid(folio));
2420 		/*
2421 		 * Skip scanning top tier node if normal numa
2422 		 * balancing is disabled
2423 		 */
2424 		if (!(sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_NORMAL) &&
2425 		    toptier)
2426 			goto unlock;
2427 
2428 		if (folio_use_access_time(folio))
2429 			folio_xchg_access_time(folio,
2430 					       jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies));
2431 	}
2432 	/*
2433 	 * In case prot_numa, we are under mmap_read_lock(mm). It's critical
2434 	 * to not clear pmd intermittently to avoid race with MADV_DONTNEED
2435 	 * which is also under mmap_read_lock(mm):
2436 	 *
2437 	 *	CPU0:				CPU1:
2438 	 *				change_huge_pmd(prot_numa=1)
2439 	 *				 pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_notify()
2440 	 * madvise_dontneed()
2441 	 *  zap_pmd_range()
2442 	 *   pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) == 0 (without ptl)
2443 	 *   // skip the pmd
2444 	 *				 set_pmd_at();
2445 	 *				 // pmd is re-established
2446 	 *
2447 	 * The race makes MADV_DONTNEED miss the huge pmd and don't clear it
2448 	 * which may break userspace.
2449 	 *
2450 	 * pmdp_invalidate_ad() is required to make sure we don't miss
2451 	 * dirty/young flags set by hardware.
2452 	 */
2453 	oldpmd = pmdp_invalidate_ad(vma, addr, pmd);
2454 
2455 	entry = pmd_modify(oldpmd, newprot);
2456 	if (uffd_wp)
2457 		entry = pmd_mkuffd_wp(entry);
2458 	else if (uffd_wp_resolve)
2459 		/*
2460 		 * Leave the write bit to be handled by PF interrupt
2461 		 * handler, then things like COW could be properly
2462 		 * handled.
2463 		 */
2464 		entry = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(entry);
2465 
2466 	/* See change_pte_range(). */
2467 	if ((cp_flags & MM_CP_TRY_CHANGE_WRITABLE) && !pmd_write(entry) &&
2468 	    can_change_pmd_writable(vma, addr, entry))
2469 		entry = pmd_mkwrite(entry, vma);
2470 
2471 	ret = HPAGE_PMD_NR;
2472 	set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, entry);
2473 
2474 	if (huge_pmd_needs_flush(oldpmd, entry))
2475 		tlb_flush_pmd_range(tlb, addr, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2476 unlock:
2477 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2478 	return ret;
2479 }
2480 
2481 /*
2482  * Returns:
2483  *
2484  * - 0: if pud leaf changed from under us
2485  * - 1: if pud can be skipped
2486  * - HPAGE_PUD_NR: if pud was successfully processed
2487  */
2488 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
2489 int change_huge_pud(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2490 		    pud_t *pudp, unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot,
2491 		    unsigned long cp_flags)
2492 {
2493 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2494 	pud_t oldpud, entry;
2495 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2496 
2497 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2498 
2499 	/* NUMA balancing doesn't apply to dax */
2500 	if (cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA)
2501 		return 1;
2502 
2503 	/*
2504 	 * Huge entries on userfault-wp only works with anonymous, while we
2505 	 * don't have anonymous PUDs yet.
2506 	 */
2507 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL))
2508 		return 1;
2509 
2510 	ptl = __pud_trans_huge_lock(pudp, vma);
2511 	if (!ptl)
2512 		return 0;
2513 
2514 	/*
2515 	 * Can't clear PUD or it can race with concurrent zapping.  See
2516 	 * change_huge_pmd().
2517 	 */
2518 	oldpud = pudp_invalidate(vma, addr, pudp);
2519 	entry = pud_modify(oldpud, newprot);
2520 	set_pud_at(mm, addr, pudp, entry);
2521 	tlb_flush_pud_range(tlb, addr, HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2522 
2523 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2524 	return HPAGE_PUD_NR;
2525 }
2526 #endif
2527 
2528 #ifdef CONFIG_USERFAULTFD
2529 /*
2530  * The PT lock for src_pmd and dst_vma/src_vma (for reading) are locked by
2531  * the caller, but it must return after releasing the page_table_lock.
2532  * Just move the page from src_pmd to dst_pmd if possible.
2533  * Return zero if succeeded in moving the page, -EAGAIN if it needs to be
2534  * repeated by the caller, or other errors in case of failure.
2535  */
2536 int move_pages_huge_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *dst_pmd, pmd_t *src_pmd, pmd_t dst_pmdval,
2537 			struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
2538 			unsigned long dst_addr, unsigned long src_addr)
2539 {
2540 	pmd_t _dst_pmd, src_pmdval;
2541 	struct page *src_page;
2542 	struct folio *src_folio;
2543 	struct anon_vma *src_anon_vma;
2544 	spinlock_t *src_ptl, *dst_ptl;
2545 	pgtable_t src_pgtable;
2546 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
2547 	int err = 0;
2548 
2549 	src_pmdval = *src_pmd;
2550 	src_ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, src_pmd);
2551 
2552 	lockdep_assert_held(src_ptl);
2553 	vma_assert_locked(src_vma);
2554 	vma_assert_locked(dst_vma);
2555 
2556 	/* Sanity checks before the operation */
2557 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!pmd_none(dst_pmdval)) || WARN_ON_ONCE(src_addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) ||
2558 	    WARN_ON_ONCE(dst_addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK)) {
2559 		spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2560 		return -EINVAL;
2561 	}
2562 
2563 	if (!pmd_trans_huge(src_pmdval)) {
2564 		spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2565 		if (is_pmd_migration_entry(src_pmdval)) {
2566 			pmd_migration_entry_wait(mm, &src_pmdval);
2567 			return -EAGAIN;
2568 		}
2569 		return -ENOENT;
2570 	}
2571 
2572 	src_page = pmd_page(src_pmdval);
2573 
2574 	if (!is_huge_zero_pmd(src_pmdval)) {
2575 		if (unlikely(!PageAnonExclusive(src_page))) {
2576 			spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2577 			return -EBUSY;
2578 		}
2579 
2580 		src_folio = page_folio(src_page);
2581 		folio_get(src_folio);
2582 	} else
2583 		src_folio = NULL;
2584 
2585 	spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2586 
2587 	flush_cache_range(src_vma, src_addr, src_addr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2588 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, mm, src_addr,
2589 				src_addr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2590 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
2591 
2592 	if (src_folio) {
2593 		folio_lock(src_folio);
2594 
2595 		/*
2596 		 * split_huge_page walks the anon_vma chain without the page
2597 		 * lock. Serialize against it with the anon_vma lock, the page
2598 		 * lock is not enough.
2599 		 */
2600 		src_anon_vma = folio_get_anon_vma(src_folio);
2601 		if (!src_anon_vma) {
2602 			err = -EAGAIN;
2603 			goto unlock_folio;
2604 		}
2605 		anon_vma_lock_write(src_anon_vma);
2606 	} else
2607 		src_anon_vma = NULL;
2608 
2609 	dst_ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, dst_pmd);
2610 	double_pt_lock(src_ptl, dst_ptl);
2611 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*src_pmd, src_pmdval) ||
2612 		     !pmd_same(*dst_pmd, dst_pmdval))) {
2613 		err = -EAGAIN;
2614 		goto unlock_ptls;
2615 	}
2616 	if (src_folio) {
2617 		if (folio_maybe_dma_pinned(src_folio) ||
2618 		    !PageAnonExclusive(&src_folio->page)) {
2619 			err = -EBUSY;
2620 			goto unlock_ptls;
2621 		}
2622 
2623 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_head(src_folio)) ||
2624 		    WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_anon(src_folio))) {
2625 			err = -EBUSY;
2626 			goto unlock_ptls;
2627 		}
2628 
2629 		src_pmdval = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(src_vma, src_addr, src_pmd);
2630 		/* Folio got pinned from under us. Put it back and fail the move. */
2631 		if (folio_maybe_dma_pinned(src_folio)) {
2632 			set_pmd_at(mm, src_addr, src_pmd, src_pmdval);
2633 			err = -EBUSY;
2634 			goto unlock_ptls;
2635 		}
2636 
2637 		folio_move_anon_rmap(src_folio, dst_vma);
2638 		src_folio->index = linear_page_index(dst_vma, dst_addr);
2639 
2640 		_dst_pmd = folio_mk_pmd(src_folio, dst_vma->vm_page_prot);
2641 		/* Follow mremap() behavior and treat the entry dirty after the move */
2642 		_dst_pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(_dst_pmd), dst_vma);
2643 	} else {
2644 		src_pmdval = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(src_vma, src_addr, src_pmd);
2645 		_dst_pmd = folio_mk_pmd(src_folio, dst_vma->vm_page_prot);
2646 	}
2647 	set_pmd_at(mm, dst_addr, dst_pmd, _dst_pmd);
2648 
2649 	src_pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, src_pmd);
2650 	pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, dst_pmd, src_pgtable);
2651 unlock_ptls:
2652 	double_pt_unlock(src_ptl, dst_ptl);
2653 	if (src_anon_vma) {
2654 		anon_vma_unlock_write(src_anon_vma);
2655 		put_anon_vma(src_anon_vma);
2656 	}
2657 unlock_folio:
2658 	/* unblock rmap walks */
2659 	if (src_folio)
2660 		folio_unlock(src_folio);
2661 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
2662 	if (src_folio)
2663 		folio_put(src_folio);
2664 	return err;
2665 }
2666 #endif /* CONFIG_USERFAULTFD */
2667 
2668 /*
2669  * Returns page table lock pointer if a given pmd maps a thp, NULL otherwise.
2670  *
2671  * Note that if it returns page table lock pointer, this routine returns without
2672  * unlocking page table lock. So callers must unlock it.
2673  */
2674 spinlock_t *__pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd_t *pmd, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2675 {
2676 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2677 	ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd);
2678 	if (likely(is_swap_pmd(*pmd) || pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)))
2679 		return ptl;
2680 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2681 	return NULL;
2682 }
2683 
2684 /*
2685  * Returns page table lock pointer if a given pud maps a thp, NULL otherwise.
2686  *
2687  * Note that if it returns page table lock pointer, this routine returns without
2688  * unlocking page table lock. So callers must unlock it.
2689  */
2690 spinlock_t *__pud_trans_huge_lock(pud_t *pud, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2691 {
2692 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2693 
2694 	ptl = pud_lock(vma->vm_mm, pud);
2695 	if (likely(pud_trans_huge(*pud)))
2696 		return ptl;
2697 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2698 	return NULL;
2699 }
2700 
2701 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
2702 int zap_huge_pud(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2703 		 pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr)
2704 {
2705 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2706 	pud_t orig_pud;
2707 
2708 	ptl = __pud_trans_huge_lock(pud, vma);
2709 	if (!ptl)
2710 		return 0;
2711 
2712 	orig_pud = pudp_huge_get_and_clear_full(vma, addr, pud, tlb->fullmm);
2713 	arch_check_zapped_pud(vma, orig_pud);
2714 	tlb_remove_pud_tlb_entry(tlb, pud, addr);
2715 	if (!vma_is_dax(vma) && vma_is_special_huge(vma)) {
2716 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2717 		/* No zero page support yet */
2718 	} else {
2719 		struct page *page = NULL;
2720 		struct folio *folio;
2721 
2722 		/* No support for anonymous PUD pages or migration yet */
2723 		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(vma_is_anonymous(vma) ||
2724 				!pud_present(orig_pud));
2725 
2726 		page = pud_page(orig_pud);
2727 		folio = page_folio(page);
2728 		folio_remove_rmap_pud(folio, page, vma);
2729 		add_mm_counter(tlb->mm, mm_counter_file(folio), -HPAGE_PUD_NR);
2730 
2731 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2732 		tlb_remove_page_size(tlb, page, HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2733 	}
2734 	return 1;
2735 }
2736 
2737 static void __split_huge_pud_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
2738 		unsigned long haddr)
2739 {
2740 	struct folio *folio;
2741 	struct page *page;
2742 	pud_t old_pud;
2743 
2744 	VM_BUG_ON(haddr & ~HPAGE_PUD_MASK);
2745 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_start > haddr, vma);
2746 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_end < haddr + HPAGE_PUD_SIZE, vma);
2747 	VM_BUG_ON(!pud_trans_huge(*pud));
2748 
2749 	count_vm_event(THP_SPLIT_PUD);
2750 
2751 	old_pud = pudp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, pud);
2752 
2753 	if (!vma_is_dax(vma))
2754 		return;
2755 
2756 	page = pud_page(old_pud);
2757 	folio = page_folio(page);
2758 
2759 	if (!folio_test_dirty(folio) && pud_dirty(old_pud))
2760 		folio_mark_dirty(folio);
2761 	if (!folio_test_referenced(folio) && pud_young(old_pud))
2762 		folio_set_referenced(folio);
2763 	folio_remove_rmap_pud(folio, page, vma);
2764 	folio_put(folio);
2765 	add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, mm_counter_file(folio),
2766 		-HPAGE_PUD_NR);
2767 }
2768 
2769 void __split_huge_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
2770 		unsigned long address)
2771 {
2772 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2773 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
2774 
2775 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm,
2776 				address & HPAGE_PUD_MASK,
2777 				(address & HPAGE_PUD_MASK) + HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2778 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
2779 	ptl = pud_lock(vma->vm_mm, pud);
2780 	if (unlikely(!pud_trans_huge(*pud)))
2781 		goto out;
2782 	__split_huge_pud_locked(vma, pud, range.start);
2783 
2784 out:
2785 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2786 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
2787 }
2788 #else
2789 void __split_huge_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
2790 		unsigned long address)
2791 {
2792 }
2793 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD */
2794 
2795 static void __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2796 		unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd)
2797 {
2798 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2799 	pgtable_t pgtable;
2800 	pmd_t _pmd, old_pmd;
2801 	unsigned long addr;
2802 	pte_t *pte;
2803 	int i;
2804 
2805 	/*
2806 	 * Leave pmd empty until pte is filled note that it is fine to delay
2807 	 * notification until mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end() as we are
2808 	 * replacing a zero pmd write protected page with a zero pte write
2809 	 * protected page.
2810 	 *
2811 	 * See Documentation/mm/mmu_notifier.rst
2812 	 */
2813 	old_pmd = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, pmd);
2814 
2815 	pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
2816 	pmd_populate(mm, &_pmd, pgtable);
2817 
2818 	pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, haddr);
2819 	VM_BUG_ON(!pte);
2820 	for (i = 0, addr = haddr; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2821 		pte_t entry;
2822 
2823 		entry = pfn_pte(my_zero_pfn(addr), vma->vm_page_prot);
2824 		entry = pte_mkspecial(entry);
2825 		if (pmd_uffd_wp(old_pmd))
2826 			entry = pte_mkuffd_wp(entry);
2827 		VM_BUG_ON(!pte_none(ptep_get(pte)));
2828 		set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, entry);
2829 		pte++;
2830 	}
2831 	pte_unmap(pte - 1);
2832 	smp_wmb(); /* make pte visible before pmd */
2833 	pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
2834 }
2835 
2836 static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
2837 		unsigned long haddr, bool freeze)
2838 {
2839 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2840 	struct folio *folio;
2841 	struct page *page;
2842 	pgtable_t pgtable;
2843 	pmd_t old_pmd, _pmd;
2844 	bool young, write, soft_dirty, pmd_migration = false, uffd_wp = false;
2845 	bool anon_exclusive = false, dirty = false;
2846 	unsigned long addr;
2847 	pte_t *pte;
2848 	int i;
2849 
2850 	VM_BUG_ON(haddr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
2851 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_start > haddr, vma);
2852 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_end < haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE, vma);
2853 	VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd) && !pmd_trans_huge(*pmd));
2854 
2855 	count_vm_event(THP_SPLIT_PMD);
2856 
2857 	if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma)) {
2858 		old_pmd = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, pmd);
2859 		/*
2860 		 * We are going to unmap this huge page. So
2861 		 * just go ahead and zap it
2862 		 */
2863 		if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2864 			zap_deposited_table(mm, pmd);
2865 		if (!vma_is_dax(vma) && vma_is_special_huge(vma))
2866 			return;
2867 		if (unlikely(is_pmd_migration_entry(old_pmd))) {
2868 			swp_entry_t entry;
2869 
2870 			entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(old_pmd);
2871 			folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
2872 		} else if (is_huge_zero_pmd(old_pmd)) {
2873 			return;
2874 		} else {
2875 			page = pmd_page(old_pmd);
2876 			folio = page_folio(page);
2877 			if (!folio_test_dirty(folio) && pmd_dirty(old_pmd))
2878 				folio_mark_dirty(folio);
2879 			if (!folio_test_referenced(folio) && pmd_young(old_pmd))
2880 				folio_set_referenced(folio);
2881 			folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
2882 			folio_put(folio);
2883 		}
2884 		add_mm_counter(mm, mm_counter_file(folio), -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
2885 		return;
2886 	}
2887 
2888 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd)) {
2889 		/*
2890 		 * FIXME: Do we want to invalidate secondary mmu by calling
2891 		 * mmu_notifier_arch_invalidate_secondary_tlbs() see comments below
2892 		 * inside __split_huge_pmd() ?
2893 		 *
2894 		 * We are going from a zero huge page write protected to zero
2895 		 * small page also write protected so it does not seems useful
2896 		 * to invalidate secondary mmu at this time.
2897 		 */
2898 		return __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(vma, haddr, pmd);
2899 	}
2900 
2901 	pmd_migration = is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd);
2902 	if (unlikely(pmd_migration)) {
2903 		swp_entry_t entry;
2904 
2905 		old_pmd = *pmd;
2906 		entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(old_pmd);
2907 		page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
2908 		write = is_writable_migration_entry(entry);
2909 		if (PageAnon(page))
2910 			anon_exclusive = is_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(entry);
2911 		young = is_migration_entry_young(entry);
2912 		dirty = is_migration_entry_dirty(entry);
2913 		soft_dirty = pmd_swp_soft_dirty(old_pmd);
2914 		uffd_wp = pmd_swp_uffd_wp(old_pmd);
2915 	} else {
2916 		/*
2917 		 * Up to this point the pmd is present and huge and userland has
2918 		 * the whole access to the hugepage during the split (which
2919 		 * happens in place). If we overwrite the pmd with the not-huge
2920 		 * version pointing to the pte here (which of course we could if
2921 		 * all CPUs were bug free), userland could trigger a small page
2922 		 * size TLB miss on the small sized TLB while the hugepage TLB
2923 		 * entry is still established in the huge TLB. Some CPU doesn't
2924 		 * like that. See
2925 		 * http://support.amd.com/TechDocs/41322_10h_Rev_Gd.pdf, Erratum
2926 		 * 383 on page 105. Intel should be safe but is also warns that
2927 		 * it's only safe if the permission and cache attributes of the
2928 		 * two entries loaded in the two TLB is identical (which should
2929 		 * be the case here). But it is generally safer to never allow
2930 		 * small and huge TLB entries for the same virtual address to be
2931 		 * loaded simultaneously. So instead of doing "pmd_populate();
2932 		 * flush_pmd_tlb_range();" we first mark the current pmd
2933 		 * notpresent (atomically because here the pmd_trans_huge must
2934 		 * remain set at all times on the pmd until the split is
2935 		 * complete for this pmd), then we flush the SMP TLB and finally
2936 		 * we write the non-huge version of the pmd entry with
2937 		 * pmd_populate.
2938 		 */
2939 		old_pmd = pmdp_invalidate(vma, haddr, pmd);
2940 		page = pmd_page(old_pmd);
2941 		folio = page_folio(page);
2942 		if (pmd_dirty(old_pmd)) {
2943 			dirty = true;
2944 			folio_set_dirty(folio);
2945 		}
2946 		write = pmd_write(old_pmd);
2947 		young = pmd_young(old_pmd);
2948 		soft_dirty = pmd_soft_dirty(old_pmd);
2949 		uffd_wp = pmd_uffd_wp(old_pmd);
2950 
2951 		VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_ref_count(folio), folio);
2952 		VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_anon(folio), folio);
2953 
2954 		/*
2955 		 * Without "freeze", we'll simply split the PMD, propagating the
2956 		 * PageAnonExclusive() flag for each PTE by setting it for
2957 		 * each subpage -- no need to (temporarily) clear.
2958 		 *
2959 		 * With "freeze" we want to replace mapped pages by
2960 		 * migration entries right away. This is only possible if we
2961 		 * managed to clear PageAnonExclusive() -- see
2962 		 * set_pmd_migration_entry().
2963 		 *
2964 		 * In case we cannot clear PageAnonExclusive(), split the PMD
2965 		 * only and let try_to_migrate_one() fail later.
2966 		 *
2967 		 * See folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(): invalidate PMD first.
2968 		 */
2969 		anon_exclusive = PageAnonExclusive(page);
2970 		if (freeze && anon_exclusive &&
2971 		    folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(folio, page))
2972 			freeze = false;
2973 		if (!freeze) {
2974 			rmap_t rmap_flags = RMAP_NONE;
2975 
2976 			folio_ref_add(folio, HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1);
2977 			if (anon_exclusive)
2978 				rmap_flags |= RMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
2979 			folio_add_anon_rmap_ptes(folio, page, HPAGE_PMD_NR,
2980 						 vma, haddr, rmap_flags);
2981 		}
2982 	}
2983 
2984 	/*
2985 	 * Withdraw the table only after we mark the pmd entry invalid.
2986 	 * This's critical for some architectures (Power).
2987 	 */
2988 	pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
2989 	pmd_populate(mm, &_pmd, pgtable);
2990 
2991 	pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, haddr);
2992 	VM_BUG_ON(!pte);
2993 
2994 	/*
2995 	 * Note that NUMA hinting access restrictions are not transferred to
2996 	 * avoid any possibility of altering permissions across VMAs.
2997 	 */
2998 	if (freeze || pmd_migration) {
2999 		for (i = 0, addr = haddr; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
3000 			pte_t entry;
3001 			swp_entry_t swp_entry;
3002 
3003 			if (write)
3004 				swp_entry = make_writable_migration_entry(
3005 							page_to_pfn(page + i));
3006 			else if (anon_exclusive)
3007 				swp_entry = make_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(
3008 							page_to_pfn(page + i));
3009 			else
3010 				swp_entry = make_readable_migration_entry(
3011 							page_to_pfn(page + i));
3012 			if (young)
3013 				swp_entry = make_migration_entry_young(swp_entry);
3014 			if (dirty)
3015 				swp_entry = make_migration_entry_dirty(swp_entry);
3016 			entry = swp_entry_to_pte(swp_entry);
3017 			if (soft_dirty)
3018 				entry = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(entry);
3019 			if (uffd_wp)
3020 				entry = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(entry);
3021 
3022 			VM_WARN_ON(!pte_none(ptep_get(pte + i)));
3023 			set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte + i, entry);
3024 		}
3025 	} else {
3026 		pte_t entry;
3027 
3028 		entry = mk_pte(page, READ_ONCE(vma->vm_page_prot));
3029 		if (write)
3030 			entry = pte_mkwrite(entry, vma);
3031 		if (!young)
3032 			entry = pte_mkold(entry);
3033 		/* NOTE: this may set soft-dirty too on some archs */
3034 		if (dirty)
3035 			entry = pte_mkdirty(entry);
3036 		if (soft_dirty)
3037 			entry = pte_mksoft_dirty(entry);
3038 		if (uffd_wp)
3039 			entry = pte_mkuffd_wp(entry);
3040 
3041 		for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++)
3042 			VM_WARN_ON(!pte_none(ptep_get(pte + i)));
3043 
3044 		set_ptes(mm, haddr, pte, entry, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
3045 	}
3046 	pte_unmap(pte);
3047 
3048 	if (!pmd_migration)
3049 		folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
3050 	if (freeze)
3051 		put_page(page);
3052 
3053 	smp_wmb(); /* make pte visible before pmd */
3054 	pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
3055 }
3056 
3057 void split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
3058 			   pmd_t *pmd, bool freeze)
3059 {
3060 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!IS_ALIGNED(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE));
3061 	if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) || is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd))
3062 		__split_huge_pmd_locked(vma, pmd, address, freeze);
3063 }
3064 
3065 void __split_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
3066 		unsigned long address, bool freeze)
3067 {
3068 	spinlock_t *ptl;
3069 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
3070 
3071 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm,
3072 				address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK,
3073 				(address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
3074 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
3075 	ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd);
3076 	split_huge_pmd_locked(vma, range.start, pmd, freeze);
3077 	spin_unlock(ptl);
3078 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
3079 }
3080 
3081 void split_huge_pmd_address(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
3082 		bool freeze)
3083 {
3084 	pmd_t *pmd = mm_find_pmd(vma->vm_mm, address);
3085 
3086 	if (!pmd)
3087 		return;
3088 
3089 	__split_huge_pmd(vma, pmd, address, freeze);
3090 }
3091 
3092 static inline void split_huge_pmd_if_needed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
3093 {
3094 	/*
3095 	 * If the new address isn't hpage aligned and it could previously
3096 	 * contain an hugepage: check if we need to split an huge pmd.
3097 	 */
3098 	if (!IS_ALIGNED(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) &&
3099 	    range_in_vma(vma, ALIGN_DOWN(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE),
3100 			 ALIGN(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE)))
3101 		split_huge_pmd_address(vma, address, false);
3102 }
3103 
3104 void vma_adjust_trans_huge(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3105 			   unsigned long start,
3106 			   unsigned long end,
3107 			   struct vm_area_struct *next)
3108 {
3109 	/* Check if we need to split start first. */
3110 	split_huge_pmd_if_needed(vma, start);
3111 
3112 	/* Check if we need to split end next. */
3113 	split_huge_pmd_if_needed(vma, end);
3114 
3115 	/* If we're incrementing next->vm_start, we might need to split it. */
3116 	if (next)
3117 		split_huge_pmd_if_needed(next, end);
3118 }
3119 
3120 static void unmap_folio(struct folio *folio)
3121 {
3122 	enum ttu_flags ttu_flags = TTU_RMAP_LOCKED | TTU_SYNC |
3123 		TTU_BATCH_FLUSH;
3124 
3125 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
3126 
3127 	if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
3128 		ttu_flags |= TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD;
3129 
3130 	/*
3131 	 * Anon pages need migration entries to preserve them, but file
3132 	 * pages can simply be left unmapped, then faulted back on demand.
3133 	 * If that is ever changed (perhaps for mlock), update remap_page().
3134 	 */
3135 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3136 		try_to_migrate(folio, ttu_flags);
3137 	else
3138 		try_to_unmap(folio, ttu_flags | TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK);
3139 
3140 	try_to_unmap_flush();
3141 }
3142 
3143 static bool __discard_anon_folio_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3144 					    unsigned long addr, pmd_t *pmdp,
3145 					    struct folio *folio)
3146 {
3147 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
3148 	int ref_count, map_count;
3149 	pmd_t orig_pmd = *pmdp;
3150 
3151 	if (pmd_dirty(orig_pmd))
3152 		folio_set_dirty(folio);
3153 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio) && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_DROPPABLE)) {
3154 		folio_set_swapbacked(folio);
3155 		return false;
3156 	}
3157 
3158 	orig_pmd = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, addr, pmdp);
3159 
3160 	/*
3161 	 * Syncing against concurrent GUP-fast:
3162 	 * - clear PMD; barrier; read refcount
3163 	 * - inc refcount; barrier; read PMD
3164 	 */
3165 	smp_mb();
3166 
3167 	ref_count = folio_ref_count(folio);
3168 	map_count = folio_mapcount(folio);
3169 
3170 	/*
3171 	 * Order reads for folio refcount and dirty flag
3172 	 * (see comments in __remove_mapping()).
3173 	 */
3174 	smp_rmb();
3175 
3176 	/*
3177 	 * If the folio or its PMD is redirtied at this point, or if there
3178 	 * are unexpected references, we will give up to discard this folio
3179 	 * and remap it.
3180 	 *
3181 	 * The only folio refs must be one from isolation plus the rmap(s).
3182 	 */
3183 	if (pmd_dirty(orig_pmd))
3184 		folio_set_dirty(folio);
3185 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio) && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_DROPPABLE)) {
3186 		folio_set_swapbacked(folio);
3187 		set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmdp, orig_pmd);
3188 		return false;
3189 	}
3190 
3191 	if (ref_count != map_count + 1) {
3192 		set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmdp, orig_pmd);
3193 		return false;
3194 	}
3195 
3196 	folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, pmd_page(orig_pmd), vma);
3197 	zap_deposited_table(mm, pmdp);
3198 	add_mm_counter(mm, MM_ANONPAGES, -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
3199 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
3200 		mlock_drain_local();
3201 	folio_put(folio);
3202 
3203 	return true;
3204 }
3205 
3206 bool unmap_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
3207 			   pmd_t *pmdp, struct folio *folio)
3208 {
3209 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio), folio);
3210 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
3211 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_anon(folio), folio);
3212 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_swapbacked(folio), folio);
3213 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!IS_ALIGNED(addr, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE));
3214 
3215 	return __discard_anon_folio_pmd_locked(vma, addr, pmdp, folio);
3216 }
3217 
3218 static void remap_page(struct folio *folio, unsigned long nr, int flags)
3219 {
3220 	int i = 0;
3221 
3222 	/* If unmap_folio() uses try_to_migrate() on file, remove this check */
3223 	if (!folio_test_anon(folio))
3224 		return;
3225 	for (;;) {
3226 		remove_migration_ptes(folio, folio, RMP_LOCKED | flags);
3227 		i += folio_nr_pages(folio);
3228 		if (i >= nr)
3229 			break;
3230 		folio = folio_next(folio);
3231 	}
3232 }
3233 
3234 static void lru_add_split_folio(struct folio *folio, struct folio *new_folio,
3235 		struct lruvec *lruvec, struct list_head *list)
3236 {
3237 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_lru(new_folio), folio);
3238 	lockdep_assert_held(&lruvec->lru_lock);
3239 
3240 	if (list) {
3241 		/* page reclaim is reclaiming a huge page */
3242 		VM_WARN_ON(folio_test_lru(folio));
3243 		folio_get(new_folio);
3244 		list_add_tail(&new_folio->lru, list);
3245 	} else {
3246 		/* head is still on lru (and we have it frozen) */
3247 		VM_WARN_ON(!folio_test_lru(folio));
3248 		if (folio_test_unevictable(folio))
3249 			new_folio->mlock_count = 0;
3250 		else
3251 			list_add_tail(&new_folio->lru, &folio->lru);
3252 		folio_set_lru(new_folio);
3253 	}
3254 }
3255 
3256 /* Racy check whether the huge page can be split */
3257 bool can_split_folio(struct folio *folio, int caller_pins, int *pextra_pins)
3258 {
3259 	int extra_pins;
3260 
3261 	/* Additional pins from page cache */
3262 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3263 		extra_pins = folio_test_swapcache(folio) ?
3264 				folio_nr_pages(folio) : 0;
3265 	else
3266 		extra_pins = folio_nr_pages(folio);
3267 	if (pextra_pins)
3268 		*pextra_pins = extra_pins;
3269 	return folio_mapcount(folio) == folio_ref_count(folio) - extra_pins -
3270 					caller_pins;
3271 }
3272 
3273 /*
3274  * It splits @folio into @new_order folios and copies the @folio metadata to
3275  * all the resulting folios.
3276  */
3277 static void __split_folio_to_order(struct folio *folio, int old_order,
3278 		int new_order)
3279 {
3280 	long new_nr_pages = 1 << new_order;
3281 	long nr_pages = 1 << old_order;
3282 	long i;
3283 
3284 	/*
3285 	 * Skip the first new_nr_pages, since the new folio from them have all
3286 	 * the flags from the original folio.
3287 	 */
3288 	for (i = new_nr_pages; i < nr_pages; i += new_nr_pages) {
3289 		struct page *new_head = &folio->page + i;
3290 
3291 		/*
3292 		 * Careful: new_folio is not a "real" folio before we cleared PageTail.
3293 		 * Don't pass it around before clear_compound_head().
3294 		 */
3295 		struct folio *new_folio = (struct folio *)new_head;
3296 
3297 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(atomic_read(&new_folio->_mapcount) != -1, new_head);
3298 
3299 		/*
3300 		 * Clone page flags before unfreezing refcount.
3301 		 *
3302 		 * After successful get_page_unless_zero() might follow flags change,
3303 		 * for example lock_page() which set PG_waiters.
3304 		 *
3305 		 * Note that for mapped sub-pages of an anonymous THP,
3306 		 * PG_anon_exclusive has been cleared in unmap_folio() and is stored in
3307 		 * the migration entry instead from where remap_page() will restore it.
3308 		 * We can still have PG_anon_exclusive set on effectively unmapped and
3309 		 * unreferenced sub-pages of an anonymous THP: we can simply drop
3310 		 * PG_anon_exclusive (-> PG_mappedtodisk) for these here.
3311 		 */
3312 		new_folio->flags &= ~PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP;
3313 		new_folio->flags |= (folio->flags &
3314 				((1L << PG_referenced) |
3315 				 (1L << PG_swapbacked) |
3316 				 (1L << PG_swapcache) |
3317 				 (1L << PG_mlocked) |
3318 				 (1L << PG_uptodate) |
3319 				 (1L << PG_active) |
3320 				 (1L << PG_workingset) |
3321 				 (1L << PG_locked) |
3322 				 (1L << PG_unevictable) |
3323 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_USES_PG_ARCH_2
3324 				 (1L << PG_arch_2) |
3325 #endif
3326 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_USES_PG_ARCH_3
3327 				 (1L << PG_arch_3) |
3328 #endif
3329 				 (1L << PG_dirty) |
3330 				 LRU_GEN_MASK | LRU_REFS_MASK));
3331 
3332 		new_folio->mapping = folio->mapping;
3333 		new_folio->index = folio->index + i;
3334 
3335 		/*
3336 		 * page->private should not be set in tail pages. Fix up and warn once
3337 		 * if private is unexpectedly set.
3338 		 */
3339 		if (unlikely(new_folio->private)) {
3340 			VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_PAGE(true, new_head);
3341 			new_folio->private = NULL;
3342 		}
3343 
3344 		if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
3345 			new_folio->swap.val = folio->swap.val + i;
3346 
3347 		/* Page flags must be visible before we make the page non-compound. */
3348 		smp_wmb();
3349 
3350 		/*
3351 		 * Clear PageTail before unfreezing page refcount.
3352 		 *
3353 		 * After successful get_page_unless_zero() might follow put_page()
3354 		 * which needs correct compound_head().
3355 		 */
3356 		clear_compound_head(new_head);
3357 		if (new_order) {
3358 			prep_compound_page(new_head, new_order);
3359 			folio_set_large_rmappable(new_folio);
3360 		}
3361 
3362 		if (folio_test_young(folio))
3363 			folio_set_young(new_folio);
3364 		if (folio_test_idle(folio))
3365 			folio_set_idle(new_folio);
3366 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
3367 		new_folio->memcg_data = folio->memcg_data;
3368 #endif
3369 
3370 		folio_xchg_last_cpupid(new_folio, folio_last_cpupid(folio));
3371 	}
3372 
3373 	if (new_order)
3374 		folio_set_order(folio, new_order);
3375 	else
3376 		ClearPageCompound(&folio->page);
3377 }
3378 
3379 /*
3380  * It splits an unmapped @folio to lower order smaller folios in two ways.
3381  * @folio: the to-be-split folio
3382  * @new_order: the smallest order of the after split folios (since buddy
3383  *             allocator like split generates folios with orders from @folio's
3384  *             order - 1 to new_order).
3385  * @split_at: in buddy allocator like split, the folio containing @split_at
3386  *            will be split until its order becomes @new_order.
3387  * @lock_at: the folio containing @lock_at is left locked for caller.
3388  * @list: the after split folios will be added to @list if it is not NULL,
3389  *        otherwise to LRU lists.
3390  * @end: the end of the file @folio maps to. -1 if @folio is anonymous memory.
3391  * @xas: xa_state pointing to folio->mapping->i_pages and locked by caller
3392  * @mapping: @folio->mapping
3393  * @uniform_split: if the split is uniform or not (buddy allocator like split)
3394  *
3395  *
3396  * 1. uniform split: the given @folio into multiple @new_order small folios,
3397  *    where all small folios have the same order. This is done when
3398  *    uniform_split is true.
3399  * 2. buddy allocator like (non-uniform) split: the given @folio is split into
3400  *    half and one of the half (containing the given page) is split into half
3401  *    until the given @page's order becomes @new_order. This is done when
3402  *    uniform_split is false.
3403  *
3404  * The high level flow for these two methods are:
3405  * 1. uniform split: a single __split_folio_to_order() is called to split the
3406  *    @folio into @new_order, then we traverse all the resulting folios one by
3407  *    one in PFN ascending order and perform stats, unfreeze, adding to list,
3408  *    and file mapping index operations.
3409  * 2. non-uniform split: in general, folio_order - @new_order calls to
3410  *    __split_folio_to_order() are made in a for loop to split the @folio
3411  *    to one lower order at a time. The resulting small folios are processed
3412  *    like what is done during the traversal in 1, except the one containing
3413  *    @page, which is split in next for loop.
3414  *
3415  * After splitting, the caller's folio reference will be transferred to the
3416  * folio containing @page. The other folios may be freed if they are not mapped.
3417  *
3418  * In terms of locking, after splitting,
3419  * 1. uniform split leaves @page (or the folio contains it) locked;
3420  * 2. buddy allocator like (non-uniform) split leaves @folio locked.
3421  *
3422  *
3423  * For !uniform_split, when -ENOMEM is returned, the original folio might be
3424  * split. The caller needs to check the input folio.
3425  */
3426 static int __split_unmapped_folio(struct folio *folio, int new_order,
3427 		struct page *split_at, struct page *lock_at,
3428 		struct list_head *list, pgoff_t end,
3429 		struct xa_state *xas, struct address_space *mapping,
3430 		bool uniform_split)
3431 {
3432 	struct lruvec *lruvec;
3433 	struct address_space *swap_cache = NULL;
3434 	struct folio *origin_folio = folio;
3435 	struct folio *next_folio = folio_next(folio);
3436 	struct folio *new_folio;
3437 	struct folio *next;
3438 	int order = folio_order(folio);
3439 	int split_order;
3440 	int start_order = uniform_split ? new_order : order - 1;
3441 	int nr_dropped = 0;
3442 	int ret = 0;
3443 	bool stop_split = false;
3444 
3445 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
3446 		VM_BUG_ON(mapping);
3447 
3448 		/* a swapcache folio can only be uniformly split to order-0 */
3449 		if (!uniform_split || new_order != 0)
3450 			return -EINVAL;
3451 
3452 		swap_cache = swap_address_space(folio->swap);
3453 		xa_lock(&swap_cache->i_pages);
3454 	}
3455 
3456 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3457 		mod_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON, -1);
3458 
3459 	/* lock lru list/PageCompound, ref frozen by page_ref_freeze */
3460 	lruvec = folio_lruvec_lock(folio);
3461 
3462 	folio_clear_has_hwpoisoned(folio);
3463 
3464 	/*
3465 	 * split to new_order one order at a time. For uniform split,
3466 	 * folio is split to new_order directly.
3467 	 */
3468 	for (split_order = start_order;
3469 	     split_order >= new_order && !stop_split;
3470 	     split_order--) {
3471 		int old_order = folio_order(folio);
3472 		struct folio *release;
3473 		struct folio *end_folio = folio_next(folio);
3474 
3475 		/* order-1 anonymous folio is not supported */
3476 		if (folio_test_anon(folio) && split_order == 1)
3477 			continue;
3478 		if (uniform_split && split_order != new_order)
3479 			continue;
3480 
3481 		if (mapping) {
3482 			/*
3483 			 * uniform split has xas_split_alloc() called before
3484 			 * irq is disabled to allocate enough memory, whereas
3485 			 * non-uniform split can handle ENOMEM.
3486 			 */
3487 			if (uniform_split)
3488 				xas_split(xas, folio, old_order);
3489 			else {
3490 				xas_set_order(xas, folio->index, split_order);
3491 				xas_try_split(xas, folio, old_order);
3492 				if (xas_error(xas)) {
3493 					ret = xas_error(xas);
3494 					stop_split = true;
3495 					goto after_split;
3496 				}
3497 			}
3498 		}
3499 
3500 		folio_split_memcg_refs(folio, old_order, split_order);
3501 		split_page_owner(&folio->page, old_order, split_order);
3502 		pgalloc_tag_split(folio, old_order, split_order);
3503 
3504 		__split_folio_to_order(folio, old_order, split_order);
3505 
3506 after_split:
3507 		/*
3508 		 * Iterate through after-split folios and perform related
3509 		 * operations. But in buddy allocator like split, the folio
3510 		 * containing the specified page is skipped until its order
3511 		 * is new_order, since the folio will be worked on in next
3512 		 * iteration.
3513 		 */
3514 		for (release = folio; release != end_folio; release = next) {
3515 			next = folio_next(release);
3516 			/*
3517 			 * for buddy allocator like split, the folio containing
3518 			 * page will be split next and should not be released,
3519 			 * until the folio's order is new_order or stop_split
3520 			 * is set to true by the above xas_split() failure.
3521 			 */
3522 			if (release == page_folio(split_at)) {
3523 				folio = release;
3524 				if (split_order != new_order && !stop_split)
3525 					continue;
3526 			}
3527 			if (folio_test_anon(release)) {
3528 				mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(release),
3529 						MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON, 1);
3530 			}
3531 
3532 			/*
3533 			 * origin_folio should be kept frozon until page cache
3534 			 * entries are updated with all the other after-split
3535 			 * folios to prevent others seeing stale page cache
3536 			 * entries.
3537 			 */
3538 			if (release == origin_folio)
3539 				continue;
3540 
3541 			folio_ref_unfreeze(release, 1 +
3542 					((mapping || swap_cache) ?
3543 						folio_nr_pages(release) : 0));
3544 
3545 			lru_add_split_folio(origin_folio, release, lruvec,
3546 					list);
3547 
3548 			/* Some pages can be beyond EOF: drop them from cache */
3549 			if (release->index >= end) {
3550 				if (shmem_mapping(mapping))
3551 					nr_dropped += folio_nr_pages(release);
3552 				else if (folio_test_clear_dirty(release))
3553 					folio_account_cleaned(release,
3554 						inode_to_wb(mapping->host));
3555 				__filemap_remove_folio(release, NULL);
3556 				folio_put_refs(release, folio_nr_pages(release));
3557 			} else if (mapping) {
3558 				__xa_store(&mapping->i_pages,
3559 						release->index, release, 0);
3560 			} else if (swap_cache) {
3561 				__xa_store(&swap_cache->i_pages,
3562 						swap_cache_index(release->swap),
3563 						release, 0);
3564 			}
3565 		}
3566 	}
3567 
3568 	/*
3569 	 * Unfreeze origin_folio only after all page cache entries, which used
3570 	 * to point to it, have been updated with new folios. Otherwise,
3571 	 * a parallel folio_try_get() can grab origin_folio and its caller can
3572 	 * see stale page cache entries.
3573 	 */
3574 	folio_ref_unfreeze(origin_folio, 1 +
3575 		((mapping || swap_cache) ? folio_nr_pages(origin_folio) : 0));
3576 
3577 	unlock_page_lruvec(lruvec);
3578 
3579 	if (swap_cache)
3580 		xa_unlock(&swap_cache->i_pages);
3581 	if (mapping)
3582 		xa_unlock(&mapping->i_pages);
3583 
3584 	/* Caller disabled irqs, so they are still disabled here */
3585 	local_irq_enable();
3586 
3587 	if (nr_dropped)
3588 		shmem_uncharge(mapping->host, nr_dropped);
3589 
3590 	remap_page(origin_folio, 1 << order,
3591 			folio_test_anon(origin_folio) ?
3592 				RMP_USE_SHARED_ZEROPAGE : 0);
3593 
3594 	/*
3595 	 * At this point, folio should contain the specified page.
3596 	 * For uniform split, it is left for caller to unlock.
3597 	 * For buddy allocator like split, the first after-split folio is left
3598 	 * for caller to unlock.
3599 	 */
3600 	for (new_folio = origin_folio; new_folio != next_folio; new_folio = next) {
3601 		next = folio_next(new_folio);
3602 		if (new_folio == page_folio(lock_at))
3603 			continue;
3604 
3605 		folio_unlock(new_folio);
3606 		/*
3607 		 * Subpages may be freed if there wasn't any mapping
3608 		 * like if add_to_swap() is running on a lru page that
3609 		 * had its mapping zapped. And freeing these pages
3610 		 * requires taking the lru_lock so we do the put_page
3611 		 * of the tail pages after the split is complete.
3612 		 */
3613 		free_folio_and_swap_cache(new_folio);
3614 	}
3615 	return ret;
3616 }
3617 
3618 bool non_uniform_split_supported(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3619 		bool warns)
3620 {
3621 	if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
3622 		/* order-1 is not supported for anonymous THP. */
3623 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns && new_order == 1,
3624 				"Cannot split to order-1 folio");
3625 		return new_order != 1;
3626 	} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS) &&
3627 	    !mapping_large_folio_support(folio->mapping)) {
3628 		/*
3629 		 * No split if the file system does not support large folio.
3630 		 * Note that we might still have THPs in such mappings due to
3631 		 * CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS. But in that case, the mapping
3632 		 * does not actually support large folios properly.
3633 		 */
3634 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3635 			"Cannot split file folio to non-0 order");
3636 		return false;
3637 	}
3638 
3639 	/* Only swapping a whole PMD-mapped folio is supported */
3640 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
3641 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3642 			"Cannot split swapcache folio to non-0 order");
3643 		return false;
3644 	}
3645 
3646 	return true;
3647 }
3648 
3649 /* See comments in non_uniform_split_supported() */
3650 bool uniform_split_supported(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3651 		bool warns)
3652 {
3653 	if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
3654 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns && new_order == 1,
3655 				"Cannot split to order-1 folio");
3656 		return new_order != 1;
3657 	} else  if (new_order) {
3658 		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS) &&
3659 		    !mapping_large_folio_support(folio->mapping)) {
3660 			VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3661 				"Cannot split file folio to non-0 order");
3662 			return false;
3663 		}
3664 	}
3665 
3666 	if (new_order && folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
3667 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3668 			"Cannot split swapcache folio to non-0 order");
3669 		return false;
3670 	}
3671 
3672 	return true;
3673 }
3674 
3675 /*
3676  * __folio_split: split a folio at @split_at to a @new_order folio
3677  * @folio: folio to split
3678  * @new_order: the order of the new folio
3679  * @split_at: a page within the new folio
3680  * @lock_at: a page within @folio to be left locked to caller
3681  * @list: after-split folios will be put on it if non NULL
3682  * @uniform_split: perform uniform split or not (non-uniform split)
3683  *
3684  * It calls __split_unmapped_folio() to perform uniform and non-uniform split.
3685  * It is in charge of checking whether the split is supported or not and
3686  * preparing @folio for __split_unmapped_folio().
3687  *
3688  * return: 0: successful, <0 failed (if -ENOMEM is returned, @folio might be
3689  * split but not to @new_order, the caller needs to check)
3690  */
3691 static int __folio_split(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3692 		struct page *split_at, struct page *lock_at,
3693 		struct list_head *list, bool uniform_split)
3694 {
3695 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = get_deferred_split_queue(folio);
3696 	XA_STATE(xas, &folio->mapping->i_pages, folio->index);
3697 	bool is_anon = folio_test_anon(folio);
3698 	struct address_space *mapping = NULL;
3699 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = NULL;
3700 	int order = folio_order(folio);
3701 	int extra_pins, ret;
3702 	pgoff_t end;
3703 	bool is_hzp;
3704 
3705 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
3706 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
3707 
3708 	if (folio != page_folio(split_at) || folio != page_folio(lock_at))
3709 		return -EINVAL;
3710 
3711 	if (new_order >= folio_order(folio))
3712 		return -EINVAL;
3713 
3714 	if (uniform_split && !uniform_split_supported(folio, new_order, true))
3715 		return -EINVAL;
3716 
3717 	if (!uniform_split &&
3718 	    !non_uniform_split_supported(folio, new_order, true))
3719 		return -EINVAL;
3720 
3721 	is_hzp = is_huge_zero_folio(folio);
3722 	if (is_hzp) {
3723 		pr_warn_ratelimited("Called split_huge_page for huge zero page\n");
3724 		return -EBUSY;
3725 	}
3726 
3727 	if (folio_test_writeback(folio))
3728 		return -EBUSY;
3729 
3730 	if (is_anon) {
3731 		/*
3732 		 * The caller does not necessarily hold an mmap_lock that would
3733 		 * prevent the anon_vma disappearing so we first we take a
3734 		 * reference to it and then lock the anon_vma for write. This
3735 		 * is similar to folio_lock_anon_vma_read except the write lock
3736 		 * is taken to serialise against parallel split or collapse
3737 		 * operations.
3738 		 */
3739 		anon_vma = folio_get_anon_vma(folio);
3740 		if (!anon_vma) {
3741 			ret = -EBUSY;
3742 			goto out;
3743 		}
3744 		end = -1;
3745 		mapping = NULL;
3746 		anon_vma_lock_write(anon_vma);
3747 	} else {
3748 		unsigned int min_order;
3749 		gfp_t gfp;
3750 
3751 		mapping = folio->mapping;
3752 
3753 		/* Truncated ? */
3754 		/*
3755 		 * TODO: add support for large shmem folio in swap cache.
3756 		 * When shmem is in swap cache, mapping is NULL and
3757 		 * folio_test_swapcache() is true.
3758 		 */
3759 		if (!mapping) {
3760 			ret = -EBUSY;
3761 			goto out;
3762 		}
3763 
3764 		min_order = mapping_min_folio_order(folio->mapping);
3765 		if (new_order < min_order) {
3766 			VM_WARN_ONCE(1, "Cannot split mapped folio below min-order: %u",
3767 				     min_order);
3768 			ret = -EINVAL;
3769 			goto out;
3770 		}
3771 
3772 		gfp = current_gfp_context(mapping_gfp_mask(mapping) &
3773 							GFP_RECLAIM_MASK);
3774 
3775 		if (!filemap_release_folio(folio, gfp)) {
3776 			ret = -EBUSY;
3777 			goto out;
3778 		}
3779 
3780 		if (uniform_split) {
3781 			xas_set_order(&xas, folio->index, new_order);
3782 			xas_split_alloc(&xas, folio, folio_order(folio), gfp);
3783 			if (xas_error(&xas)) {
3784 				ret = xas_error(&xas);
3785 				goto out;
3786 			}
3787 		}
3788 
3789 		anon_vma = NULL;
3790 		i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
3791 
3792 		/*
3793 		 *__split_unmapped_folio() may need to trim off pages beyond
3794 		 * EOF: but on 32-bit, i_size_read() takes an irq-unsafe
3795 		 * seqlock, which cannot be nested inside the page tree lock.
3796 		 * So note end now: i_size itself may be changed at any moment,
3797 		 * but folio lock is good enough to serialize the trimming.
3798 		 */
3799 		end = DIV_ROUND_UP(i_size_read(mapping->host), PAGE_SIZE);
3800 		if (shmem_mapping(mapping))
3801 			end = shmem_fallocend(mapping->host, end);
3802 	}
3803 
3804 	/*
3805 	 * Racy check if we can split the page, before unmap_folio() will
3806 	 * split PMDs
3807 	 */
3808 	if (!can_split_folio(folio, 1, &extra_pins)) {
3809 		ret = -EAGAIN;
3810 		goto out_unlock;
3811 	}
3812 
3813 	unmap_folio(folio);
3814 
3815 	/* block interrupt reentry in xa_lock and spinlock */
3816 	local_irq_disable();
3817 	if (mapping) {
3818 		/*
3819 		 * Check if the folio is present in page cache.
3820 		 * We assume all tail are present too, if folio is there.
3821 		 */
3822 		xas_lock(&xas);
3823 		xas_reset(&xas);
3824 		if (xas_load(&xas) != folio)
3825 			goto fail;
3826 	}
3827 
3828 	/* Prevent deferred_split_scan() touching ->_refcount */
3829 	spin_lock(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock);
3830 	if (folio_ref_freeze(folio, 1 + extra_pins)) {
3831 		if (folio_order(folio) > 1 &&
3832 		    !list_empty(&folio->_deferred_list)) {
3833 			ds_queue->split_queue_len--;
3834 			if (folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
3835 				folio_clear_partially_mapped(folio);
3836 				mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio),
3837 					      MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, -1);
3838 			}
3839 			/*
3840 			 * Reinitialize page_deferred_list after removing the
3841 			 * page from the split_queue, otherwise a subsequent
3842 			 * split will see list corruption when checking the
3843 			 * page_deferred_list.
3844 			 */
3845 			list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
3846 		}
3847 		spin_unlock(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock);
3848 		if (mapping) {
3849 			int nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
3850 
3851 			if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio) &&
3852 			    new_order < HPAGE_PMD_ORDER) {
3853 				if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio)) {
3854 					__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio,
3855 							NR_SHMEM_THPS, -nr);
3856 				} else {
3857 					__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio,
3858 							NR_FILE_THPS, -nr);
3859 					filemap_nr_thps_dec(mapping);
3860 				}
3861 			}
3862 		}
3863 
3864 		ret = __split_unmapped_folio(folio, new_order,
3865 				split_at, lock_at, list, end, &xas, mapping,
3866 				uniform_split);
3867 	} else {
3868 		spin_unlock(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock);
3869 fail:
3870 		if (mapping)
3871 			xas_unlock(&xas);
3872 		local_irq_enable();
3873 		remap_page(folio, folio_nr_pages(folio), 0);
3874 		ret = -EAGAIN;
3875 	}
3876 
3877 out_unlock:
3878 	if (anon_vma) {
3879 		anon_vma_unlock_write(anon_vma);
3880 		put_anon_vma(anon_vma);
3881 	}
3882 	if (mapping)
3883 		i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
3884 out:
3885 	xas_destroy(&xas);
3886 	if (order == HPAGE_PMD_ORDER)
3887 		count_vm_event(!ret ? THP_SPLIT_PAGE : THP_SPLIT_PAGE_FAILED);
3888 	count_mthp_stat(order, !ret ? MTHP_STAT_SPLIT : MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_FAILED);
3889 	return ret;
3890 }
3891 
3892 /*
3893  * This function splits a large folio into smaller folios of order @new_order.
3894  * @page can point to any page of the large folio to split. The split operation
3895  * does not change the position of @page.
3896  *
3897  * Prerequisites:
3898  *
3899  * 1) The caller must hold a reference on the @page's owning folio, also known
3900  *    as the large folio.
3901  *
3902  * 2) The large folio must be locked.
3903  *
3904  * 3) The folio must not be pinned. Any unexpected folio references, including
3905  *    GUP pins, will result in the folio not getting split; instead, the caller
3906  *    will receive an -EAGAIN.
3907  *
3908  * 4) @new_order > 1, usually. Splitting to order-1 anonymous folios is not
3909  *    supported for non-file-backed folios, because folio->_deferred_list, which
3910  *    is used by partially mapped folios, is stored in subpage 2, but an order-1
3911  *    folio only has subpages 0 and 1. File-backed order-1 folios are supported,
3912  *    since they do not use _deferred_list.
3913  *
3914  * After splitting, the caller's folio reference will be transferred to @page,
3915  * resulting in a raised refcount of @page after this call. The other pages may
3916  * be freed if they are not mapped.
3917  *
3918  * If @list is null, tail pages will be added to LRU list, otherwise, to @list.
3919  *
3920  * Pages in @new_order will inherit the mapping, flags, and so on from the
3921  * huge page.
3922  *
3923  * Returns 0 if the huge page was split successfully.
3924  *
3925  * Returns -EAGAIN if the folio has unexpected reference (e.g., GUP) or if
3926  * the folio was concurrently removed from the page cache.
3927  *
3928  * Returns -EBUSY when trying to split the huge zeropage, if the folio is
3929  * under writeback, if fs-specific folio metadata cannot currently be
3930  * released, or if some unexpected race happened (e.g., anon VMA disappeared,
3931  * truncation).
3932  *
3933  * Callers should ensure that the order respects the address space mapping
3934  * min-order if one is set for non-anonymous folios.
3935  *
3936  * Returns -EINVAL when trying to split to an order that is incompatible
3937  * with the folio. Splitting to order 0 is compatible with all folios.
3938  */
3939 int split_huge_page_to_list_to_order(struct page *page, struct list_head *list,
3940 				     unsigned int new_order)
3941 {
3942 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
3943 
3944 	return __folio_split(folio, new_order, &folio->page, page, list, true);
3945 }
3946 
3947 /*
3948  * folio_split: split a folio at @split_at to a @new_order folio
3949  * @folio: folio to split
3950  * @new_order: the order of the new folio
3951  * @split_at: a page within the new folio
3952  *
3953  * return: 0: successful, <0 failed (if -ENOMEM is returned, @folio might be
3954  * split but not to @new_order, the caller needs to check)
3955  *
3956  * It has the same prerequisites and returns as
3957  * split_huge_page_to_list_to_order().
3958  *
3959  * Split a folio at @split_at to a new_order folio, leave the
3960  * remaining subpages of the original folio as large as possible. For example,
3961  * in the case of splitting an order-9 folio at its third order-3 subpages to
3962  * an order-3 folio, there are 2^(9-3)=64 order-3 subpages in the order-9 folio.
3963  * After the split, there will be a group of folios with different orders and
3964  * the new folio containing @split_at is marked in bracket:
3965  * [order-4, {order-3}, order-3, order-5, order-6, order-7, order-8].
3966  *
3967  * After split, folio is left locked for caller.
3968  */
3969 int folio_split(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3970 		struct page *split_at, struct list_head *list)
3971 {
3972 	return __folio_split(folio, new_order, split_at, &folio->page, list,
3973 			false);
3974 }
3975 
3976 int min_order_for_split(struct folio *folio)
3977 {
3978 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3979 		return 0;
3980 
3981 	if (!folio->mapping) {
3982 		if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
3983 			count_vm_event(THP_SPLIT_PAGE_FAILED);
3984 		return -EBUSY;
3985 	}
3986 
3987 	return mapping_min_folio_order(folio->mapping);
3988 }
3989 
3990 int split_folio_to_list(struct folio *folio, struct list_head *list)
3991 {
3992 	int ret = min_order_for_split(folio);
3993 
3994 	if (ret < 0)
3995 		return ret;
3996 
3997 	return split_huge_page_to_list_to_order(&folio->page, list, ret);
3998 }
3999 
4000 /*
4001  * __folio_unqueue_deferred_split() is not to be called directly:
4002  * the folio_unqueue_deferred_split() inline wrapper in mm/internal.h
4003  * limits its calls to those folios which may have a _deferred_list for
4004  * queueing THP splits, and that list is (racily observed to be) non-empty.
4005  *
4006  * It is unsafe to call folio_unqueue_deferred_split() until folio refcount is
4007  * zero: because even when split_queue_lock is held, a non-empty _deferred_list
4008  * might be in use on deferred_split_scan()'s unlocked on-stack list.
4009  *
4010  * If memory cgroups are enabled, split_queue_lock is in the mem_cgroup: it is
4011  * therefore important to unqueue deferred split before changing folio memcg.
4012  */
4013 bool __folio_unqueue_deferred_split(struct folio *folio)
4014 {
4015 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue;
4016 	unsigned long flags;
4017 	bool unqueued = false;
4018 
4019 	WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_ref_count(folio));
4020 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!mem_cgroup_disabled() && !folio_memcg(folio));
4021 
4022 	ds_queue = get_deferred_split_queue(folio);
4023 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4024 	if (!list_empty(&folio->_deferred_list)) {
4025 		ds_queue->split_queue_len--;
4026 		if (folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4027 			folio_clear_partially_mapped(folio);
4028 			mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio),
4029 				      MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, -1);
4030 		}
4031 		list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
4032 		unqueued = true;
4033 	}
4034 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4035 
4036 	return unqueued;	/* useful for debug warnings */
4037 }
4038 
4039 /* partially_mapped=false won't clear PG_partially_mapped folio flag */
4040 void deferred_split_folio(struct folio *folio, bool partially_mapped)
4041 {
4042 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = get_deferred_split_queue(folio);
4043 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4044 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = folio_memcg(folio);
4045 #endif
4046 	unsigned long flags;
4047 
4048 	/*
4049 	 * Order 1 folios have no space for a deferred list, but we also
4050 	 * won't waste much memory by not adding them to the deferred list.
4051 	 */
4052 	if (folio_order(folio) <= 1)
4053 		return;
4054 
4055 	if (!partially_mapped && !split_underused_thp)
4056 		return;
4057 
4058 	/*
4059 	 * Exclude swapcache: originally to avoid a corrupt deferred split
4060 	 * queue. Nowadays that is fully prevented by memcg1_swapout();
4061 	 * but if page reclaim is already handling the same folio, it is
4062 	 * unnecessary to handle it again in the shrinker, so excluding
4063 	 * swapcache here may still be a useful optimization.
4064 	 */
4065 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
4066 		return;
4067 
4068 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4069 	if (partially_mapped) {
4070 		if (!folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4071 			folio_set_partially_mapped(folio);
4072 			if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
4073 				count_vm_event(THP_DEFERRED_SPLIT_PAGE);
4074 			count_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio), MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_DEFERRED);
4075 			mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio), MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, 1);
4076 
4077 		}
4078 	} else {
4079 		/* partially mapped folios cannot become non-partially mapped */
4080 		VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_partially_mapped(folio), folio);
4081 	}
4082 	if (list_empty(&folio->_deferred_list)) {
4083 		list_add_tail(&folio->_deferred_list, &ds_queue->split_queue);
4084 		ds_queue->split_queue_len++;
4085 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4086 		if (memcg)
4087 			set_shrinker_bit(memcg, folio_nid(folio),
4088 					 deferred_split_shrinker->id);
4089 #endif
4090 	}
4091 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4092 }
4093 
4094 static unsigned long deferred_split_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
4095 		struct shrink_control *sc)
4096 {
4097 	struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(sc->nid);
4098 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = &pgdata->deferred_split_queue;
4099 
4100 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4101 	if (sc->memcg)
4102 		ds_queue = &sc->memcg->deferred_split_queue;
4103 #endif
4104 	return READ_ONCE(ds_queue->split_queue_len);
4105 }
4106 
4107 static bool thp_underused(struct folio *folio)
4108 {
4109 	int num_zero_pages = 0, num_filled_pages = 0;
4110 	void *kaddr;
4111 	int i;
4112 
4113 	if (khugepaged_max_ptes_none == HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1)
4114 		return false;
4115 
4116 	for (i = 0; i < folio_nr_pages(folio); i++) {
4117 		kaddr = kmap_local_folio(folio, i * PAGE_SIZE);
4118 		if (!memchr_inv(kaddr, 0, PAGE_SIZE)) {
4119 			num_zero_pages++;
4120 			if (num_zero_pages > khugepaged_max_ptes_none) {
4121 				kunmap_local(kaddr);
4122 				return true;
4123 			}
4124 		} else {
4125 			/*
4126 			 * Another path for early exit once the number
4127 			 * of non-zero filled pages exceeds threshold.
4128 			 */
4129 			num_filled_pages++;
4130 			if (num_filled_pages >= HPAGE_PMD_NR - khugepaged_max_ptes_none) {
4131 				kunmap_local(kaddr);
4132 				return false;
4133 			}
4134 		}
4135 		kunmap_local(kaddr);
4136 	}
4137 	return false;
4138 }
4139 
4140 static unsigned long deferred_split_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
4141 		struct shrink_control *sc)
4142 {
4143 	struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(sc->nid);
4144 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = &pgdata->deferred_split_queue;
4145 	unsigned long flags;
4146 	LIST_HEAD(list);
4147 	struct folio *folio, *next, *prev = NULL;
4148 	int split = 0, removed = 0;
4149 
4150 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4151 	if (sc->memcg)
4152 		ds_queue = &sc->memcg->deferred_split_queue;
4153 #endif
4154 
4155 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4156 	/* Take pin on all head pages to avoid freeing them under us */
4157 	list_for_each_entry_safe(folio, next, &ds_queue->split_queue,
4158 							_deferred_list) {
4159 		if (folio_try_get(folio)) {
4160 			list_move(&folio->_deferred_list, &list);
4161 		} else {
4162 			/* We lost race with folio_put() */
4163 			if (folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4164 				folio_clear_partially_mapped(folio);
4165 				mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio),
4166 					      MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, -1);
4167 			}
4168 			list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
4169 			ds_queue->split_queue_len--;
4170 		}
4171 		if (!--sc->nr_to_scan)
4172 			break;
4173 	}
4174 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4175 
4176 	list_for_each_entry_safe(folio, next, &list, _deferred_list) {
4177 		bool did_split = false;
4178 		bool underused = false;
4179 
4180 		if (!folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4181 			underused = thp_underused(folio);
4182 			if (!underused)
4183 				goto next;
4184 		}
4185 		if (!folio_trylock(folio))
4186 			goto next;
4187 		if (!split_folio(folio)) {
4188 			did_split = true;
4189 			if (underused)
4190 				count_vm_event(THP_UNDERUSED_SPLIT_PAGE);
4191 			split++;
4192 		}
4193 		folio_unlock(folio);
4194 next:
4195 		/*
4196 		 * split_folio() removes folio from list on success.
4197 		 * Only add back to the queue if folio is partially mapped.
4198 		 * If thp_underused returns false, or if split_folio fails
4199 		 * in the case it was underused, then consider it used and
4200 		 * don't add it back to split_queue.
4201 		 */
4202 		if (did_split) {
4203 			; /* folio already removed from list */
4204 		} else if (!folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4205 			list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
4206 			removed++;
4207 		} else {
4208 			/*
4209 			 * That unlocked list_del_init() above would be unsafe,
4210 			 * unless its folio is separated from any earlier folios
4211 			 * left on the list (which may be concurrently unqueued)
4212 			 * by one safe folio with refcount still raised.
4213 			 */
4214 			swap(folio, prev);
4215 		}
4216 		if (folio)
4217 			folio_put(folio);
4218 	}
4219 
4220 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4221 	list_splice_tail(&list, &ds_queue->split_queue);
4222 	ds_queue->split_queue_len -= removed;
4223 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4224 
4225 	if (prev)
4226 		folio_put(prev);
4227 
4228 	/*
4229 	 * Stop shrinker if we didn't split any page, but the queue is empty.
4230 	 * This can happen if pages were freed under us.
4231 	 */
4232 	if (!split && list_empty(&ds_queue->split_queue))
4233 		return SHRINK_STOP;
4234 	return split;
4235 }
4236 
4237 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
4238 static void split_huge_pages_all(void)
4239 {
4240 	struct zone *zone;
4241 	struct page *page;
4242 	struct folio *folio;
4243 	unsigned long pfn, max_zone_pfn;
4244 	unsigned long total = 0, split = 0;
4245 
4246 	pr_debug("Split all THPs\n");
4247 	for_each_zone(zone) {
4248 		if (!managed_zone(zone))
4249 			continue;
4250 		max_zone_pfn = zone_end_pfn(zone);
4251 		for (pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn; pfn < max_zone_pfn; pfn++) {
4252 			int nr_pages;
4253 
4254 			page = pfn_to_online_page(pfn);
4255 			if (!page || PageTail(page))
4256 				continue;
4257 			folio = page_folio(page);
4258 			if (!folio_try_get(folio))
4259 				continue;
4260 
4261 			if (unlikely(page_folio(page) != folio))
4262 				goto next;
4263 
4264 			if (zone != folio_zone(folio))
4265 				goto next;
4266 
4267 			if (!folio_test_large(folio)
4268 				|| folio_test_hugetlb(folio)
4269 				|| !folio_test_lru(folio))
4270 				goto next;
4271 
4272 			total++;
4273 			folio_lock(folio);
4274 			nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
4275 			if (!split_folio(folio))
4276 				split++;
4277 			pfn += nr_pages - 1;
4278 			folio_unlock(folio);
4279 next:
4280 			folio_put(folio);
4281 			cond_resched();
4282 		}
4283 	}
4284 
4285 	pr_debug("%lu of %lu THP split\n", split, total);
4286 }
4287 
4288 static inline bool vma_not_suitable_for_thp_split(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
4289 {
4290 	return vma_is_special_huge(vma) || (vma->vm_flags & VM_IO) ||
4291 		    is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma);
4292 }
4293 
4294 static int split_huge_pages_pid(int pid, unsigned long vaddr_start,
4295 				unsigned long vaddr_end, unsigned int new_order,
4296 				long in_folio_offset)
4297 {
4298 	int ret = 0;
4299 	struct task_struct *task;
4300 	struct mm_struct *mm;
4301 	unsigned long total = 0, split = 0;
4302 	unsigned long addr;
4303 
4304 	vaddr_start &= PAGE_MASK;
4305 	vaddr_end &= PAGE_MASK;
4306 
4307 	task = find_get_task_by_vpid(pid);
4308 	if (!task) {
4309 		ret = -ESRCH;
4310 		goto out;
4311 	}
4312 
4313 	/* Find the mm_struct */
4314 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
4315 	put_task_struct(task);
4316 
4317 	if (!mm) {
4318 		ret = -EINVAL;
4319 		goto out;
4320 	}
4321 
4322 	pr_debug("Split huge pages in pid: %d, vaddr: [0x%lx - 0x%lx]\n",
4323 		 pid, vaddr_start, vaddr_end);
4324 
4325 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
4326 	/*
4327 	 * always increase addr by PAGE_SIZE, since we could have a PTE page
4328 	 * table filled with PTE-mapped THPs, each of which is distinct.
4329 	 */
4330 	for (addr = vaddr_start; addr < vaddr_end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
4331 		struct vm_area_struct *vma = vma_lookup(mm, addr);
4332 		struct folio_walk fw;
4333 		struct folio *folio;
4334 		struct address_space *mapping;
4335 		unsigned int target_order = new_order;
4336 
4337 		if (!vma)
4338 			break;
4339 
4340 		/* skip special VMA and hugetlb VMA */
4341 		if (vma_not_suitable_for_thp_split(vma)) {
4342 			addr = vma->vm_end;
4343 			continue;
4344 		}
4345 
4346 		folio = folio_walk_start(&fw, vma, addr, 0);
4347 		if (!folio)
4348 			continue;
4349 
4350 		if (!is_transparent_hugepage(folio))
4351 			goto next;
4352 
4353 		if (!folio_test_anon(folio)) {
4354 			mapping = folio->mapping;
4355 			target_order = max(new_order,
4356 					   mapping_min_folio_order(mapping));
4357 		}
4358 
4359 		if (target_order >= folio_order(folio))
4360 			goto next;
4361 
4362 		total++;
4363 		/*
4364 		 * For folios with private, split_huge_page_to_list_to_order()
4365 		 * will try to drop it before split and then check if the folio
4366 		 * can be split or not. So skip the check here.
4367 		 */
4368 		if (!folio_test_private(folio) &&
4369 		    !can_split_folio(folio, 0, NULL))
4370 			goto next;
4371 
4372 		if (!folio_trylock(folio))
4373 			goto next;
4374 		folio_get(folio);
4375 		folio_walk_end(&fw, vma);
4376 
4377 		if (!folio_test_anon(folio) && folio->mapping != mapping)
4378 			goto unlock;
4379 
4380 		if (in_folio_offset < 0 ||
4381 		    in_folio_offset >= folio_nr_pages(folio)) {
4382 			if (!split_folio_to_order(folio, target_order))
4383 				split++;
4384 		} else {
4385 			struct page *split_at = folio_page(folio,
4386 							   in_folio_offset);
4387 			if (!folio_split(folio, target_order, split_at, NULL))
4388 				split++;
4389 		}
4390 
4391 unlock:
4392 
4393 		folio_unlock(folio);
4394 		folio_put(folio);
4395 
4396 		cond_resched();
4397 		continue;
4398 next:
4399 		folio_walk_end(&fw, vma);
4400 		cond_resched();
4401 	}
4402 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
4403 	mmput(mm);
4404 
4405 	pr_debug("%lu of %lu THP split\n", split, total);
4406 
4407 out:
4408 	return ret;
4409 }
4410 
4411 static int split_huge_pages_in_file(const char *file_path, pgoff_t off_start,
4412 				pgoff_t off_end, unsigned int new_order,
4413 				long in_folio_offset)
4414 {
4415 	struct filename *file;
4416 	struct file *candidate;
4417 	struct address_space *mapping;
4418 	int ret = -EINVAL;
4419 	pgoff_t index;
4420 	int nr_pages = 1;
4421 	unsigned long total = 0, split = 0;
4422 	unsigned int min_order;
4423 	unsigned int target_order;
4424 
4425 	file = getname_kernel(file_path);
4426 	if (IS_ERR(file))
4427 		return ret;
4428 
4429 	candidate = file_open_name(file, O_RDONLY, 0);
4430 	if (IS_ERR(candidate))
4431 		goto out;
4432 
4433 	pr_debug("split file-backed THPs in file: %s, page offset: [0x%lx - 0x%lx]\n",
4434 		 file_path, off_start, off_end);
4435 
4436 	mapping = candidate->f_mapping;
4437 	min_order = mapping_min_folio_order(mapping);
4438 	target_order = max(new_order, min_order);
4439 
4440 	for (index = off_start; index < off_end; index += nr_pages) {
4441 		struct folio *folio = filemap_get_folio(mapping, index);
4442 
4443 		nr_pages = 1;
4444 		if (IS_ERR(folio))
4445 			continue;
4446 
4447 		if (!folio_test_large(folio))
4448 			goto next;
4449 
4450 		total++;
4451 		nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
4452 
4453 		if (target_order >= folio_order(folio))
4454 			goto next;
4455 
4456 		if (!folio_trylock(folio))
4457 			goto next;
4458 
4459 		if (folio->mapping != mapping)
4460 			goto unlock;
4461 
4462 		if (in_folio_offset < 0 || in_folio_offset >= nr_pages) {
4463 			if (!split_folio_to_order(folio, target_order))
4464 				split++;
4465 		} else {
4466 			struct page *split_at = folio_page(folio,
4467 							   in_folio_offset);
4468 			if (!folio_split(folio, target_order, split_at, NULL))
4469 				split++;
4470 		}
4471 
4472 unlock:
4473 		folio_unlock(folio);
4474 next:
4475 		folio_put(folio);
4476 		cond_resched();
4477 	}
4478 
4479 	filp_close(candidate, NULL);
4480 	ret = 0;
4481 
4482 	pr_debug("%lu of %lu file-backed THP split\n", split, total);
4483 out:
4484 	putname(file);
4485 	return ret;
4486 }
4487 
4488 #define MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ 255
4489 
4490 static ssize_t split_huge_pages_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
4491 				size_t count, loff_t *ppops)
4492 {
4493 	static DEFINE_MUTEX(split_debug_mutex);
4494 	ssize_t ret;
4495 	/*
4496 	 * hold pid, start_vaddr, end_vaddr, new_order or
4497 	 * file_path, off_start, off_end, new_order
4498 	 */
4499 	char input_buf[MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ];
4500 	int pid;
4501 	unsigned long vaddr_start, vaddr_end;
4502 	unsigned int new_order = 0;
4503 	long in_folio_offset = -1;
4504 
4505 	ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&split_debug_mutex);
4506 	if (ret)
4507 		return ret;
4508 
4509 	ret = -EFAULT;
4510 
4511 	memset(input_buf, 0, MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ);
4512 	if (copy_from_user(input_buf, buf, min_t(size_t, count, MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ)))
4513 		goto out;
4514 
4515 	input_buf[MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ - 1] = '\0';
4516 
4517 	if (input_buf[0] == '/') {
4518 		char *tok;
4519 		char *tok_buf = input_buf;
4520 		char file_path[MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ];
4521 		pgoff_t off_start = 0, off_end = 0;
4522 		size_t input_len = strlen(input_buf);
4523 
4524 		tok = strsep(&tok_buf, ",");
4525 		if (tok && tok_buf) {
4526 			strscpy(file_path, tok);
4527 		} else {
4528 			ret = -EINVAL;
4529 			goto out;
4530 		}
4531 
4532 		ret = sscanf(tok_buf, "0x%lx,0x%lx,%d,%ld", &off_start, &off_end,
4533 				&new_order, &in_folio_offset);
4534 		if (ret != 2 && ret != 3 && ret != 4) {
4535 			ret = -EINVAL;
4536 			goto out;
4537 		}
4538 		ret = split_huge_pages_in_file(file_path, off_start, off_end,
4539 				new_order, in_folio_offset);
4540 		if (!ret)
4541 			ret = input_len;
4542 
4543 		goto out;
4544 	}
4545 
4546 	ret = sscanf(input_buf, "%d,0x%lx,0x%lx,%d,%ld", &pid, &vaddr_start,
4547 			&vaddr_end, &new_order, &in_folio_offset);
4548 	if (ret == 1 && pid == 1) {
4549 		split_huge_pages_all();
4550 		ret = strlen(input_buf);
4551 		goto out;
4552 	} else if (ret != 3 && ret != 4 && ret != 5) {
4553 		ret = -EINVAL;
4554 		goto out;
4555 	}
4556 
4557 	ret = split_huge_pages_pid(pid, vaddr_start, vaddr_end, new_order,
4558 			in_folio_offset);
4559 	if (!ret)
4560 		ret = strlen(input_buf);
4561 out:
4562 	mutex_unlock(&split_debug_mutex);
4563 	return ret;
4564 
4565 }
4566 
4567 static const struct file_operations split_huge_pages_fops = {
4568 	.owner	 = THIS_MODULE,
4569 	.write	 = split_huge_pages_write,
4570 };
4571 
4572 static int __init split_huge_pages_debugfs(void)
4573 {
4574 	debugfs_create_file("split_huge_pages", 0200, NULL, NULL,
4575 			    &split_huge_pages_fops);
4576 	return 0;
4577 }
4578 late_initcall(split_huge_pages_debugfs);
4579 #endif
4580 
4581 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
4582 int set_pmd_migration_entry(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw,
4583 		struct page *page)
4584 {
4585 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
4586 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = pvmw->vma;
4587 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
4588 	unsigned long address = pvmw->address;
4589 	bool anon_exclusive;
4590 	pmd_t pmdval;
4591 	swp_entry_t entry;
4592 	pmd_t pmdswp;
4593 
4594 	if (!(pvmw->pmd && !pvmw->pte))
4595 		return 0;
4596 
4597 	flush_cache_range(vma, address, address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
4598 	pmdval = pmdp_invalidate(vma, address, pvmw->pmd);
4599 
4600 	/* See folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(): invalidate PMD first. */
4601 	anon_exclusive = folio_test_anon(folio) && PageAnonExclusive(page);
4602 	if (anon_exclusive && folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(folio, page)) {
4603 		set_pmd_at(mm, address, pvmw->pmd, pmdval);
4604 		return -EBUSY;
4605 	}
4606 
4607 	if (pmd_dirty(pmdval))
4608 		folio_mark_dirty(folio);
4609 	if (pmd_write(pmdval))
4610 		entry = make_writable_migration_entry(page_to_pfn(page));
4611 	else if (anon_exclusive)
4612 		entry = make_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(page_to_pfn(page));
4613 	else
4614 		entry = make_readable_migration_entry(page_to_pfn(page));
4615 	if (pmd_young(pmdval))
4616 		entry = make_migration_entry_young(entry);
4617 	if (pmd_dirty(pmdval))
4618 		entry = make_migration_entry_dirty(entry);
4619 	pmdswp = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
4620 	if (pmd_soft_dirty(pmdval))
4621 		pmdswp = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmdswp);
4622 	if (pmd_uffd_wp(pmdval))
4623 		pmdswp = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmdswp);
4624 	set_pmd_at(mm, address, pvmw->pmd, pmdswp);
4625 	folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
4626 	folio_put(folio);
4627 	trace_set_migration_pmd(address, pmd_val(pmdswp));
4628 
4629 	return 0;
4630 }
4631 
4632 void remove_migration_pmd(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw, struct page *new)
4633 {
4634 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(new);
4635 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = pvmw->vma;
4636 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
4637 	unsigned long address = pvmw->address;
4638 	unsigned long haddr = address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
4639 	pmd_t pmde;
4640 	swp_entry_t entry;
4641 
4642 	if (!(pvmw->pmd && !pvmw->pte))
4643 		return;
4644 
4645 	entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(*pvmw->pmd);
4646 	folio_get(folio);
4647 	pmde = folio_mk_pmd(folio, READ_ONCE(vma->vm_page_prot));
4648 	if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*pvmw->pmd))
4649 		pmde = pmd_mksoft_dirty(pmde);
4650 	if (is_writable_migration_entry(entry))
4651 		pmde = pmd_mkwrite(pmde, vma);
4652 	if (pmd_swp_uffd_wp(*pvmw->pmd))
4653 		pmde = pmd_mkuffd_wp(pmde);
4654 	if (!is_migration_entry_young(entry))
4655 		pmde = pmd_mkold(pmde);
4656 	/* NOTE: this may contain setting soft-dirty on some archs */
4657 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio) && is_migration_entry_dirty(entry))
4658 		pmde = pmd_mkdirty(pmde);
4659 
4660 	if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
4661 		rmap_t rmap_flags = RMAP_NONE;
4662 
4663 		if (!is_readable_migration_entry(entry))
4664 			rmap_flags |= RMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
4665 
4666 		folio_add_anon_rmap_pmd(folio, new, vma, haddr, rmap_flags);
4667 	} else {
4668 		folio_add_file_rmap_pmd(folio, new, vma);
4669 	}
4670 	VM_BUG_ON(pmd_write(pmde) && folio_test_anon(folio) && !PageAnonExclusive(new));
4671 	set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pvmw->pmd, pmde);
4672 
4673 	/* No need to invalidate - it was non-present before */
4674 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pvmw->pmd);
4675 	trace_remove_migration_pmd(address, pmd_val(pmde));
4676 }
4677 #endif
4678