xref: /linux/mm/huge_memory.c (revision 52c4d1d62424c574fa048235598ce37bd4ed1e32)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  Copyright (C) 2009  Red Hat, Inc.
4  */
5 
6 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
7 
8 #include <linux/mm.h>
9 #include <linux/sched.h>
10 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
11 #include <linux/sched/numa_balancing.h>
12 #include <linux/highmem.h>
13 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
14 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
15 #include <linux/rmap.h>
16 #include <linux/swap.h>
17 #include <linux/shrinker.h>
18 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
19 #include <linux/swapops.h>
20 #include <linux/backing-dev.h>
21 #include <linux/dax.h>
22 #include <linux/mm_types.h>
23 #include <linux/khugepaged.h>
24 #include <linux/freezer.h>
25 #include <linux/mman.h>
26 #include <linux/memremap.h>
27 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
28 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
29 #include <linux/migrate.h>
30 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
31 #include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
32 #include <linux/page_idle.h>
33 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
34 #include <linux/oom.h>
35 #include <linux/numa.h>
36 #include <linux/page_owner.h>
37 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
38 #include <linux/memory-tiers.h>
39 #include <linux/compat.h>
40 #include <linux/pgalloc_tag.h>
41 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
42 
43 #include <asm/tlb.h>
44 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
45 #include "internal.h"
46 #include "swap.h"
47 
48 #define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
49 #include <trace/events/thp.h>
50 
51 /*
52  * By default, transparent hugepage support is disabled in order to avoid
53  * risking an increased memory footprint for applications that are not
54  * guaranteed to benefit from it. When transparent hugepage support is
55  * enabled, it is for all mappings, and khugepaged scans all mappings.
56  * Defrag is invoked by khugepaged hugepage allocations and by page faults
57  * for all hugepage allocations.
58  */
59 unsigned long transparent_hugepage_flags __read_mostly =
60 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_ALWAYS
61 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG)|
62 #endif
63 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_MADVISE
64 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG)|
65 #endif
66 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG)|
67 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KHUGEPAGED_FLAG)|
68 	(1<<TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
69 
70 static struct shrinker *deferred_split_shrinker;
71 static unsigned long deferred_split_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
72 					  struct shrink_control *sc);
73 static unsigned long deferred_split_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
74 					 struct shrink_control *sc);
75 static bool split_underused_thp = true;
76 
77 static atomic_t huge_zero_refcount;
78 struct folio *huge_zero_folio __read_mostly;
79 unsigned long huge_zero_pfn __read_mostly = ~0UL;
80 unsigned long huge_anon_orders_always __read_mostly;
81 unsigned long huge_anon_orders_madvise __read_mostly;
82 unsigned long huge_anon_orders_inherit __read_mostly;
83 static bool anon_orders_configured __initdata;
84 
85 static inline bool file_thp_enabled(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
86 {
87 	struct inode *inode;
88 
89 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS))
90 		return false;
91 
92 	if (!vma->vm_file)
93 		return false;
94 
95 	inode = file_inode(vma->vm_file);
96 
97 	return !inode_is_open_for_write(inode) && S_ISREG(inode->i_mode);
98 }
99 
100 unsigned long __thp_vma_allowable_orders(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
101 					 vm_flags_t vm_flags,
102 					 enum tva_type type,
103 					 unsigned long orders)
104 {
105 	const bool smaps = type == TVA_SMAPS;
106 	const bool in_pf = type == TVA_PAGEFAULT;
107 	const bool forced_collapse = type == TVA_FORCED_COLLAPSE;
108 	unsigned long supported_orders;
109 
110 	/* Check the intersection of requested and supported orders. */
111 	if (vma_is_anonymous(vma))
112 		supported_orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON;
113 	else if (vma_is_special_huge(vma))
114 		supported_orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_SPECIAL;
115 	else
116 		supported_orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_FILE_DEFAULT;
117 
118 	orders &= supported_orders;
119 	if (!orders)
120 		return 0;
121 
122 	if (!vma->vm_mm)		/* vdso */
123 		return 0;
124 
125 	if (thp_disabled_by_hw() || vma_thp_disabled(vma, vm_flags, forced_collapse))
126 		return 0;
127 
128 	/* khugepaged doesn't collapse DAX vma, but page fault is fine. */
129 	if (vma_is_dax(vma))
130 		return in_pf ? orders : 0;
131 
132 	/*
133 	 * khugepaged special VMA and hugetlb VMA.
134 	 * Must be checked after dax since some dax mappings may have
135 	 * VM_MIXEDMAP set.
136 	 */
137 	if (!in_pf && !smaps && (vm_flags & VM_NO_KHUGEPAGED))
138 		return 0;
139 
140 	/*
141 	 * Check alignment for file vma and size for both file and anon vma by
142 	 * filtering out the unsuitable orders.
143 	 *
144 	 * Skip the check for page fault. Huge fault does the check in fault
145 	 * handlers.
146 	 */
147 	if (!in_pf) {
148 		int order = highest_order(orders);
149 		unsigned long addr;
150 
151 		while (orders) {
152 			addr = vma->vm_end - (PAGE_SIZE << order);
153 			if (thp_vma_suitable_order(vma, addr, order))
154 				break;
155 			order = next_order(&orders, order);
156 		}
157 
158 		if (!orders)
159 			return 0;
160 	}
161 
162 	/*
163 	 * Enabled via shmem mount options or sysfs settings.
164 	 * Must be done before hugepage flags check since shmem has its
165 	 * own flags.
166 	 */
167 	if (!in_pf && shmem_file(vma->vm_file))
168 		return orders & shmem_allowable_huge_orders(file_inode(vma->vm_file),
169 						   vma, vma->vm_pgoff, 0,
170 						   forced_collapse);
171 
172 	if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma)) {
173 		/*
174 		 * Enforce THP collapse requirements as necessary. Anonymous vmas
175 		 * were already handled in thp_vma_allowable_orders().
176 		 */
177 		if (!forced_collapse &&
178 		    (!hugepage_global_enabled() || (!(vm_flags & VM_HUGEPAGE) &&
179 						    !hugepage_global_always())))
180 			return 0;
181 
182 		/*
183 		 * Trust that ->huge_fault() handlers know what they are doing
184 		 * in fault path.
185 		 */
186 		if (((in_pf || smaps)) && vma->vm_ops->huge_fault)
187 			return orders;
188 		/* Only regular file is valid in collapse path */
189 		if (((!in_pf || smaps)) && file_thp_enabled(vma))
190 			return orders;
191 		return 0;
192 	}
193 
194 	if (vma_is_temporary_stack(vma))
195 		return 0;
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * THPeligible bit of smaps should show 1 for proper VMAs even
199 	 * though anon_vma is not initialized yet.
200 	 *
201 	 * Allow page fault since anon_vma may be not initialized until
202 	 * the first page fault.
203 	 */
204 	if (!vma->anon_vma)
205 		return (smaps || in_pf) ? orders : 0;
206 
207 	return orders;
208 }
209 
210 static bool get_huge_zero_folio(void)
211 {
212 	struct folio *zero_folio;
213 retry:
214 	if (likely(atomic_inc_not_zero(&huge_zero_refcount)))
215 		return true;
216 
217 	zero_folio = folio_alloc((GFP_TRANSHUGE | __GFP_ZERO) & ~__GFP_MOVABLE,
218 			HPAGE_PMD_ORDER);
219 	if (!zero_folio) {
220 		count_vm_event(THP_ZERO_PAGE_ALLOC_FAILED);
221 		return false;
222 	}
223 	/* Ensure zero folio won't have large_rmappable flag set. */
224 	folio_clear_large_rmappable(zero_folio);
225 	preempt_disable();
226 	if (cmpxchg(&huge_zero_folio, NULL, zero_folio)) {
227 		preempt_enable();
228 		folio_put(zero_folio);
229 		goto retry;
230 	}
231 	WRITE_ONCE(huge_zero_pfn, folio_pfn(zero_folio));
232 
233 	/* We take additional reference here. It will be put back by shrinker */
234 	atomic_set(&huge_zero_refcount, 2);
235 	preempt_enable();
236 	count_vm_event(THP_ZERO_PAGE_ALLOC);
237 	return true;
238 }
239 
240 static void put_huge_zero_folio(void)
241 {
242 	/*
243 	 * Counter should never go to zero here. Only shrinker can put
244 	 * last reference.
245 	 */
246 	BUG_ON(atomic_dec_and_test(&huge_zero_refcount));
247 }
248 
249 struct folio *mm_get_huge_zero_folio(struct mm_struct *mm)
250 {
251 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PERSISTENT_HUGE_ZERO_FOLIO))
252 		return huge_zero_folio;
253 
254 	if (mm_flags_test(MMF_HUGE_ZERO_FOLIO, mm))
255 		return READ_ONCE(huge_zero_folio);
256 
257 	if (!get_huge_zero_folio())
258 		return NULL;
259 
260 	if (mm_flags_test_and_set(MMF_HUGE_ZERO_FOLIO, mm))
261 		put_huge_zero_folio();
262 
263 	return READ_ONCE(huge_zero_folio);
264 }
265 
266 void mm_put_huge_zero_folio(struct mm_struct *mm)
267 {
268 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PERSISTENT_HUGE_ZERO_FOLIO))
269 		return;
270 
271 	if (mm_flags_test(MMF_HUGE_ZERO_FOLIO, mm))
272 		put_huge_zero_folio();
273 }
274 
275 static unsigned long shrink_huge_zero_folio_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
276 						  struct shrink_control *sc)
277 {
278 	/* we can free zero page only if last reference remains */
279 	return atomic_read(&huge_zero_refcount) == 1 ? HPAGE_PMD_NR : 0;
280 }
281 
282 static unsigned long shrink_huge_zero_folio_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
283 						 struct shrink_control *sc)
284 {
285 	if (atomic_cmpxchg(&huge_zero_refcount, 1, 0) == 1) {
286 		struct folio *zero_folio = xchg(&huge_zero_folio, NULL);
287 		BUG_ON(zero_folio == NULL);
288 		WRITE_ONCE(huge_zero_pfn, ~0UL);
289 		folio_put(zero_folio);
290 		return HPAGE_PMD_NR;
291 	}
292 
293 	return 0;
294 }
295 
296 static struct shrinker *huge_zero_folio_shrinker;
297 
298 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
299 static ssize_t enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
300 			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
301 {
302 	const char *output;
303 
304 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
305 		output = "[always] madvise never";
306 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
307 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
308 		output = "always [madvise] never";
309 	else
310 		output = "always madvise [never]";
311 
312 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", output);
313 }
314 
315 static ssize_t enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj,
316 			     struct kobj_attribute *attr,
317 			     const char *buf, size_t count)
318 {
319 	ssize_t ret = count;
320 
321 	if (sysfs_streq(buf, "always")) {
322 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
323 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
324 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "madvise")) {
325 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
326 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
327 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "never")) {
328 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
329 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
330 	} else
331 		ret = -EINVAL;
332 
333 	if (ret > 0) {
334 		int err = start_stop_khugepaged();
335 		if (err)
336 			ret = err;
337 	}
338 	return ret;
339 }
340 
341 static struct kobj_attribute enabled_attr = __ATTR_RW(enabled);
342 
343 ssize_t single_hugepage_flag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
344 				  struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf,
345 				  enum transparent_hugepage_flag flag)
346 {
347 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n",
348 			  !!test_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags));
349 }
350 
351 ssize_t single_hugepage_flag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
352 				 struct kobj_attribute *attr,
353 				 const char *buf, size_t count,
354 				 enum transparent_hugepage_flag flag)
355 {
356 	unsigned long value;
357 	int ret;
358 
359 	ret = kstrtoul(buf, 10, &value);
360 	if (ret < 0)
361 		return ret;
362 	if (value > 1)
363 		return -EINVAL;
364 
365 	if (value)
366 		set_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
367 	else
368 		clear_bit(flag, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
369 
370 	return count;
371 }
372 
373 static ssize_t defrag_show(struct kobject *kobj,
374 			   struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
375 {
376 	const char *output;
377 
378 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG,
379 		     &transparent_hugepage_flags))
380 		output = "[always] defer defer+madvise madvise never";
381 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG,
382 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
383 		output = "always [defer] defer+madvise madvise never";
384 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG,
385 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
386 		output = "always defer [defer+madvise] madvise never";
387 	else if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
388 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags))
389 		output = "always defer defer+madvise [madvise] never";
390 	else
391 		output = "always defer defer+madvise madvise [never]";
392 
393 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", output);
394 }
395 
396 static ssize_t defrag_store(struct kobject *kobj,
397 			    struct kobj_attribute *attr,
398 			    const char *buf, size_t count)
399 {
400 	if (sysfs_streq(buf, "always")) {
401 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
402 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
403 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
404 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
405 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "defer+madvise")) {
406 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
407 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
408 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
409 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
410 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "defer")) {
411 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
412 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
413 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
414 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
415 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "madvise")) {
416 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
417 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
418 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
419 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
420 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "never")) {
421 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
422 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
423 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
424 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags);
425 	} else
426 		return -EINVAL;
427 
428 	return count;
429 }
430 static struct kobj_attribute defrag_attr = __ATTR_RW(defrag);
431 
432 static ssize_t use_zero_page_show(struct kobject *kobj,
433 				  struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
434 {
435 	return single_hugepage_flag_show(kobj, attr, buf,
436 					 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
437 }
438 static ssize_t use_zero_page_store(struct kobject *kobj,
439 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
440 {
441 	return single_hugepage_flag_store(kobj, attr, buf, count,
442 				 TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_USE_ZERO_PAGE_FLAG);
443 }
444 static struct kobj_attribute use_zero_page_attr = __ATTR_RW(use_zero_page);
445 
446 static ssize_t hpage_pmd_size_show(struct kobject *kobj,
447 				   struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
448 {
449 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
450 }
451 static struct kobj_attribute hpage_pmd_size_attr =
452 	__ATTR_RO(hpage_pmd_size);
453 
454 static ssize_t split_underused_thp_show(struct kobject *kobj,
455 			    struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
456 {
457 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", split_underused_thp);
458 }
459 
460 static ssize_t split_underused_thp_store(struct kobject *kobj,
461 			     struct kobj_attribute *attr,
462 			     const char *buf, size_t count)
463 {
464 	int err = kstrtobool(buf, &split_underused_thp);
465 
466 	if (err < 0)
467 		return err;
468 
469 	return count;
470 }
471 
472 static struct kobj_attribute split_underused_thp_attr = __ATTR(
473 	shrink_underused, 0644, split_underused_thp_show, split_underused_thp_store);
474 
475 static struct attribute *hugepage_attr[] = {
476 	&enabled_attr.attr,
477 	&defrag_attr.attr,
478 	&use_zero_page_attr.attr,
479 	&hpage_pmd_size_attr.attr,
480 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
481 	&shmem_enabled_attr.attr,
482 #endif
483 	&split_underused_thp_attr.attr,
484 	NULL,
485 };
486 
487 static const struct attribute_group hugepage_attr_group = {
488 	.attrs = hugepage_attr,
489 };
490 
491 static void hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj);
492 static void thpsize_release(struct kobject *kobj);
493 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(huge_anon_orders_lock);
494 static LIST_HEAD(thpsize_list);
495 
496 static ssize_t anon_enabled_show(struct kobject *kobj,
497 				 struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
498 {
499 	int order = to_thpsize(kobj)->order;
500 	const char *output;
501 
502 	if (test_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always))
503 		output = "[always] inherit madvise never";
504 	else if (test_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit))
505 		output = "always [inherit] madvise never";
506 	else if (test_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise))
507 		output = "always inherit [madvise] never";
508 	else
509 		output = "always inherit madvise [never]";
510 
511 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", output);
512 }
513 
514 static ssize_t anon_enabled_store(struct kobject *kobj,
515 				  struct kobj_attribute *attr,
516 				  const char *buf, size_t count)
517 {
518 	int order = to_thpsize(kobj)->order;
519 	ssize_t ret = count;
520 
521 	if (sysfs_streq(buf, "always")) {
522 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
523 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
524 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
525 		set_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
526 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
527 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "inherit")) {
528 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
529 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
530 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
531 		set_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
532 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
533 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "madvise")) {
534 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
535 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
536 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
537 		set_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
538 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
539 	} else if (sysfs_streq(buf, "never")) {
540 		spin_lock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
541 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_always);
542 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_inherit);
543 		clear_bit(order, &huge_anon_orders_madvise);
544 		spin_unlock(&huge_anon_orders_lock);
545 	} else
546 		ret = -EINVAL;
547 
548 	if (ret > 0) {
549 		int err;
550 
551 		err = start_stop_khugepaged();
552 		if (err)
553 			ret = err;
554 	}
555 	return ret;
556 }
557 
558 static struct kobj_attribute anon_enabled_attr =
559 	__ATTR(enabled, 0644, anon_enabled_show, anon_enabled_store);
560 
561 static struct attribute *anon_ctrl_attrs[] = {
562 	&anon_enabled_attr.attr,
563 	NULL,
564 };
565 
566 static const struct attribute_group anon_ctrl_attr_grp = {
567 	.attrs = anon_ctrl_attrs,
568 };
569 
570 static struct attribute *file_ctrl_attrs[] = {
571 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
572 	&thpsize_shmem_enabled_attr.attr,
573 #endif
574 	NULL,
575 };
576 
577 static const struct attribute_group file_ctrl_attr_grp = {
578 	.attrs = file_ctrl_attrs,
579 };
580 
581 static struct attribute *any_ctrl_attrs[] = {
582 	NULL,
583 };
584 
585 static const struct attribute_group any_ctrl_attr_grp = {
586 	.attrs = any_ctrl_attrs,
587 };
588 
589 static const struct kobj_type thpsize_ktype = {
590 	.release = &thpsize_release,
591 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
592 };
593 
594 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct mthp_stat, mthp_stats) = {{{0}}};
595 
596 static unsigned long sum_mthp_stat(int order, enum mthp_stat_item item)
597 {
598 	unsigned long sum = 0;
599 	int cpu;
600 
601 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
602 		struct mthp_stat *this = &per_cpu(mthp_stats, cpu);
603 
604 		sum += this->stats[order][item];
605 	}
606 
607 	return sum;
608 }
609 
610 #define DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(_name, _index)				\
611 static ssize_t _name##_show(struct kobject *kobj,			\
612 			struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)		\
613 {									\
614 	int order = to_thpsize(kobj)->order;				\
615 									\
616 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", sum_mthp_stat(order, _index));	\
617 }									\
618 static struct kobj_attribute _name##_attr = __ATTR_RO(_name)
619 
620 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(anon_fault_alloc, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_ALLOC);
621 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(anon_fault_fallback, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK);
622 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(anon_fault_fallback_charge, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
623 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(zswpout, MTHP_STAT_ZSWPOUT);
624 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpin, MTHP_STAT_SWPIN);
625 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpin_fallback, MTHP_STAT_SWPIN_FALLBACK);
626 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpin_fallback_charge, MTHP_STAT_SWPIN_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
627 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpout, MTHP_STAT_SWPOUT);
628 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(swpout_fallback, MTHP_STAT_SWPOUT_FALLBACK);
629 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
630 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(shmem_alloc, MTHP_STAT_SHMEM_ALLOC);
631 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(shmem_fallback, MTHP_STAT_SHMEM_FALLBACK);
632 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(shmem_fallback_charge, MTHP_STAT_SHMEM_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
633 #endif
634 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(split, MTHP_STAT_SPLIT);
635 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(split_failed, MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_FAILED);
636 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(split_deferred, MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_DEFERRED);
637 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(nr_anon, MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON);
638 DEFINE_MTHP_STAT_ATTR(nr_anon_partially_mapped, MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED);
639 
640 static struct attribute *anon_stats_attrs[] = {
641 	&anon_fault_alloc_attr.attr,
642 	&anon_fault_fallback_attr.attr,
643 	&anon_fault_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
644 #ifndef CONFIG_SHMEM
645 	&zswpout_attr.attr,
646 	&swpin_attr.attr,
647 	&swpin_fallback_attr.attr,
648 	&swpin_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
649 	&swpout_attr.attr,
650 	&swpout_fallback_attr.attr,
651 #endif
652 	&split_deferred_attr.attr,
653 	&nr_anon_attr.attr,
654 	&nr_anon_partially_mapped_attr.attr,
655 	NULL,
656 };
657 
658 static struct attribute_group anon_stats_attr_grp = {
659 	.name = "stats",
660 	.attrs = anon_stats_attrs,
661 };
662 
663 static struct attribute *file_stats_attrs[] = {
664 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
665 	&shmem_alloc_attr.attr,
666 	&shmem_fallback_attr.attr,
667 	&shmem_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
668 #endif
669 	NULL,
670 };
671 
672 static struct attribute_group file_stats_attr_grp = {
673 	.name = "stats",
674 	.attrs = file_stats_attrs,
675 };
676 
677 static struct attribute *any_stats_attrs[] = {
678 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
679 	&zswpout_attr.attr,
680 	&swpin_attr.attr,
681 	&swpin_fallback_attr.attr,
682 	&swpin_fallback_charge_attr.attr,
683 	&swpout_attr.attr,
684 	&swpout_fallback_attr.attr,
685 #endif
686 	&split_attr.attr,
687 	&split_failed_attr.attr,
688 	NULL,
689 };
690 
691 static struct attribute_group any_stats_attr_grp = {
692 	.name = "stats",
693 	.attrs = any_stats_attrs,
694 };
695 
696 static int sysfs_add_group(struct kobject *kobj,
697 			   const struct attribute_group *grp)
698 {
699 	int ret = -ENOENT;
700 
701 	/*
702 	 * If the group is named, try to merge first, assuming the subdirectory
703 	 * was already created. This avoids the warning emitted by
704 	 * sysfs_create_group() if the directory already exists.
705 	 */
706 	if (grp->name)
707 		ret = sysfs_merge_group(kobj, grp);
708 	if (ret)
709 		ret = sysfs_create_group(kobj, grp);
710 
711 	return ret;
712 }
713 
714 static struct thpsize *thpsize_create(int order, struct kobject *parent)
715 {
716 	unsigned long size = (PAGE_SIZE << order) / SZ_1K;
717 	struct thpsize *thpsize;
718 	int ret = -ENOMEM;
719 
720 	thpsize = kzalloc(sizeof(*thpsize), GFP_KERNEL);
721 	if (!thpsize)
722 		goto err;
723 
724 	thpsize->order = order;
725 
726 	ret = kobject_init_and_add(&thpsize->kobj, &thpsize_ktype, parent,
727 				   "hugepages-%lukB", size);
728 	if (ret) {
729 		kfree(thpsize);
730 		goto err;
731 	}
732 
733 
734 	ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &any_ctrl_attr_grp);
735 	if (ret)
736 		goto err_put;
737 
738 	ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &any_stats_attr_grp);
739 	if (ret)
740 		goto err_put;
741 
742 	if (BIT(order) & THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON) {
743 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &anon_ctrl_attr_grp);
744 		if (ret)
745 			goto err_put;
746 
747 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &anon_stats_attr_grp);
748 		if (ret)
749 			goto err_put;
750 	}
751 
752 	if (BIT(order) & THP_ORDERS_ALL_FILE_DEFAULT) {
753 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &file_ctrl_attr_grp);
754 		if (ret)
755 			goto err_put;
756 
757 		ret = sysfs_add_group(&thpsize->kobj, &file_stats_attr_grp);
758 		if (ret)
759 			goto err_put;
760 	}
761 
762 	return thpsize;
763 err_put:
764 	kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
765 err:
766 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
767 }
768 
769 static void thpsize_release(struct kobject *kobj)
770 {
771 	kfree(to_thpsize(kobj));
772 }
773 
774 static int __init hugepage_init_sysfs(struct kobject **hugepage_kobj)
775 {
776 	int err;
777 	struct thpsize *thpsize;
778 	unsigned long orders;
779 	int order;
780 
781 	/*
782 	 * Default to setting PMD-sized THP to inherit the global setting and
783 	 * disable all other sizes. powerpc's PMD_ORDER isn't a compile-time
784 	 * constant so we have to do this here.
785 	 */
786 	if (!anon_orders_configured)
787 		huge_anon_orders_inherit = BIT(PMD_ORDER);
788 
789 	*hugepage_kobj = kobject_create_and_add("transparent_hugepage", mm_kobj);
790 	if (unlikely(!*hugepage_kobj)) {
791 		pr_err("failed to create transparent hugepage kobject\n");
792 		return -ENOMEM;
793 	}
794 
795 	err = sysfs_create_group(*hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
796 	if (err) {
797 		pr_err("failed to register transparent hugepage group\n");
798 		goto delete_obj;
799 	}
800 
801 	err = sysfs_create_group(*hugepage_kobj, &khugepaged_attr_group);
802 	if (err) {
803 		pr_err("failed to register transparent hugepage group\n");
804 		goto remove_hp_group;
805 	}
806 
807 	orders = THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON | THP_ORDERS_ALL_FILE_DEFAULT;
808 	order = highest_order(orders);
809 	while (orders) {
810 		thpsize = thpsize_create(order, *hugepage_kobj);
811 		if (IS_ERR(thpsize)) {
812 			pr_err("failed to create thpsize for order %d\n", order);
813 			err = PTR_ERR(thpsize);
814 			goto remove_all;
815 		}
816 		list_add(&thpsize->node, &thpsize_list);
817 		order = next_order(&orders, order);
818 	}
819 
820 	return 0;
821 
822 remove_all:
823 	hugepage_exit_sysfs(*hugepage_kobj);
824 	return err;
825 remove_hp_group:
826 	sysfs_remove_group(*hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
827 delete_obj:
828 	kobject_put(*hugepage_kobj);
829 	return err;
830 }
831 
832 static void __init hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj)
833 {
834 	struct thpsize *thpsize, *tmp;
835 
836 	list_for_each_entry_safe(thpsize, tmp, &thpsize_list, node) {
837 		list_del(&thpsize->node);
838 		kobject_put(&thpsize->kobj);
839 	}
840 
841 	sysfs_remove_group(hugepage_kobj, &khugepaged_attr_group);
842 	sysfs_remove_group(hugepage_kobj, &hugepage_attr_group);
843 	kobject_put(hugepage_kobj);
844 }
845 #else
846 static inline int hugepage_init_sysfs(struct kobject **hugepage_kobj)
847 {
848 	return 0;
849 }
850 
851 static inline void hugepage_exit_sysfs(struct kobject *hugepage_kobj)
852 {
853 }
854 #endif /* CONFIG_SYSFS */
855 
856 static int __init thp_shrinker_init(void)
857 {
858 	deferred_split_shrinker = shrinker_alloc(SHRINKER_NUMA_AWARE |
859 						 SHRINKER_MEMCG_AWARE |
860 						 SHRINKER_NONSLAB,
861 						 "thp-deferred_split");
862 	if (!deferred_split_shrinker)
863 		return -ENOMEM;
864 
865 	deferred_split_shrinker->count_objects = deferred_split_count;
866 	deferred_split_shrinker->scan_objects = deferred_split_scan;
867 	shrinker_register(deferred_split_shrinker);
868 
869 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PERSISTENT_HUGE_ZERO_FOLIO)) {
870 		/*
871 		 * Bump the reference of the huge_zero_folio and do not
872 		 * initialize the shrinker.
873 		 *
874 		 * huge_zero_folio will always be NULL on failure. We assume
875 		 * that get_huge_zero_folio() will most likely not fail as
876 		 * thp_shrinker_init() is invoked early on during boot.
877 		 */
878 		if (!get_huge_zero_folio())
879 			pr_warn("Allocating persistent huge zero folio failed\n");
880 		return 0;
881 	}
882 
883 	huge_zero_folio_shrinker = shrinker_alloc(0, "thp-zero");
884 	if (!huge_zero_folio_shrinker) {
885 		shrinker_free(deferred_split_shrinker);
886 		return -ENOMEM;
887 	}
888 
889 	huge_zero_folio_shrinker->count_objects = shrink_huge_zero_folio_count;
890 	huge_zero_folio_shrinker->scan_objects = shrink_huge_zero_folio_scan;
891 	shrinker_register(huge_zero_folio_shrinker);
892 
893 	return 0;
894 }
895 
896 static void __init thp_shrinker_exit(void)
897 {
898 	shrinker_free(huge_zero_folio_shrinker);
899 	shrinker_free(deferred_split_shrinker);
900 }
901 
902 static int __init hugepage_init(void)
903 {
904 	int err;
905 	struct kobject *hugepage_kobj;
906 
907 	if (!has_transparent_hugepage()) {
908 		transparent_hugepage_flags = 1 << TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_UNSUPPORTED;
909 		return -EINVAL;
910 	}
911 
912 	/*
913 	 * hugepages can't be allocated by the buddy allocator
914 	 */
915 	MAYBE_BUILD_BUG_ON(HPAGE_PMD_ORDER > MAX_PAGE_ORDER);
916 
917 	err = hugepage_init_sysfs(&hugepage_kobj);
918 	if (err)
919 		goto err_sysfs;
920 
921 	err = khugepaged_init();
922 	if (err)
923 		goto err_slab;
924 
925 	err = thp_shrinker_init();
926 	if (err)
927 		goto err_shrinker;
928 
929 	/*
930 	 * By default disable transparent hugepages on smaller systems,
931 	 * where the extra memory used could hurt more than TLB overhead
932 	 * is likely to save.  The admin can still enable it through /sys.
933 	 */
934 	if (totalram_pages() < MB_TO_PAGES(512)) {
935 		transparent_hugepage_flags = 0;
936 		return 0;
937 	}
938 
939 	err = start_stop_khugepaged();
940 	if (err)
941 		goto err_khugepaged;
942 
943 	return 0;
944 err_khugepaged:
945 	thp_shrinker_exit();
946 err_shrinker:
947 	khugepaged_destroy();
948 err_slab:
949 	hugepage_exit_sysfs(hugepage_kobj);
950 err_sysfs:
951 	return err;
952 }
953 subsys_initcall(hugepage_init);
954 
955 static int __init setup_transparent_hugepage(char *str)
956 {
957 	int ret = 0;
958 	if (!str)
959 		goto out;
960 	if (!strcmp(str, "always")) {
961 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
962 			&transparent_hugepage_flags);
963 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
964 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
965 		ret = 1;
966 	} else if (!strcmp(str, "madvise")) {
967 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
968 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
969 		set_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
970 			&transparent_hugepage_flags);
971 		ret = 1;
972 	} else if (!strcmp(str, "never")) {
973 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_FLAG,
974 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
975 		clear_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_REQ_MADV_FLAG,
976 			  &transparent_hugepage_flags);
977 		ret = 1;
978 	}
979 out:
980 	if (!ret)
981 		pr_warn("transparent_hugepage= cannot parse, ignored\n");
982 	return ret;
983 }
984 __setup("transparent_hugepage=", setup_transparent_hugepage);
985 
986 static char str_dup[PAGE_SIZE] __initdata;
987 static int __init setup_thp_anon(char *str)
988 {
989 	char *token, *range, *policy, *subtoken;
990 	unsigned long always, inherit, madvise;
991 	char *start_size, *end_size;
992 	int start, end, nr;
993 	char *p;
994 
995 	if (!str || strlen(str) + 1 > PAGE_SIZE)
996 		goto err;
997 	strscpy(str_dup, str);
998 
999 	always = huge_anon_orders_always;
1000 	madvise = huge_anon_orders_madvise;
1001 	inherit = huge_anon_orders_inherit;
1002 	p = str_dup;
1003 	while ((token = strsep(&p, ";")) != NULL) {
1004 		range = strsep(&token, ":");
1005 		policy = token;
1006 
1007 		if (!policy)
1008 			goto err;
1009 
1010 		while ((subtoken = strsep(&range, ",")) != NULL) {
1011 			if (strchr(subtoken, '-')) {
1012 				start_size = strsep(&subtoken, "-");
1013 				end_size = subtoken;
1014 
1015 				start = get_order_from_str(start_size, THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON);
1016 				end = get_order_from_str(end_size, THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON);
1017 			} else {
1018 				start_size = end_size = subtoken;
1019 				start = end = get_order_from_str(subtoken,
1020 								 THP_ORDERS_ALL_ANON);
1021 			}
1022 
1023 			if (start == -EINVAL) {
1024 				pr_err("invalid size %s in thp_anon boot parameter\n", start_size);
1025 				goto err;
1026 			}
1027 
1028 			if (end == -EINVAL) {
1029 				pr_err("invalid size %s in thp_anon boot parameter\n", end_size);
1030 				goto err;
1031 			}
1032 
1033 			if (start < 0 || end < 0 || start > end)
1034 				goto err;
1035 
1036 			nr = end - start + 1;
1037 			if (!strcmp(policy, "always")) {
1038 				bitmap_set(&always, start, nr);
1039 				bitmap_clear(&inherit, start, nr);
1040 				bitmap_clear(&madvise, start, nr);
1041 			} else if (!strcmp(policy, "madvise")) {
1042 				bitmap_set(&madvise, start, nr);
1043 				bitmap_clear(&inherit, start, nr);
1044 				bitmap_clear(&always, start, nr);
1045 			} else if (!strcmp(policy, "inherit")) {
1046 				bitmap_set(&inherit, start, nr);
1047 				bitmap_clear(&madvise, start, nr);
1048 				bitmap_clear(&always, start, nr);
1049 			} else if (!strcmp(policy, "never")) {
1050 				bitmap_clear(&inherit, start, nr);
1051 				bitmap_clear(&madvise, start, nr);
1052 				bitmap_clear(&always, start, nr);
1053 			} else {
1054 				pr_err("invalid policy %s in thp_anon boot parameter\n", policy);
1055 				goto err;
1056 			}
1057 		}
1058 	}
1059 
1060 	huge_anon_orders_always = always;
1061 	huge_anon_orders_madvise = madvise;
1062 	huge_anon_orders_inherit = inherit;
1063 	anon_orders_configured = true;
1064 	return 1;
1065 
1066 err:
1067 	pr_warn("thp_anon=%s: error parsing string, ignoring setting\n", str);
1068 	return 0;
1069 }
1070 __setup("thp_anon=", setup_thp_anon);
1071 
1072 pmd_t maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_t pmd, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1073 {
1074 	if (likely(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
1075 		pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd, vma);
1076 	return pmd;
1077 }
1078 
1079 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
1080 static inline
1081 struct deferred_split *get_deferred_split_queue(struct folio *folio)
1082 {
1083 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = folio_memcg(folio);
1084 	struct pglist_data *pgdat = NODE_DATA(folio_nid(folio));
1085 
1086 	if (memcg)
1087 		return &memcg->deferred_split_queue;
1088 	else
1089 		return &pgdat->deferred_split_queue;
1090 }
1091 #else
1092 static inline
1093 struct deferred_split *get_deferred_split_queue(struct folio *folio)
1094 {
1095 	struct pglist_data *pgdat = NODE_DATA(folio_nid(folio));
1096 
1097 	return &pgdat->deferred_split_queue;
1098 }
1099 #endif
1100 
1101 static inline bool is_transparent_hugepage(const struct folio *folio)
1102 {
1103 	if (!folio_test_large(folio))
1104 		return false;
1105 
1106 	return is_huge_zero_folio(folio) ||
1107 		folio_test_large_rmappable(folio);
1108 }
1109 
1110 static unsigned long __thp_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp,
1111 		unsigned long addr, unsigned long len,
1112 		loff_t off, unsigned long flags, unsigned long size,
1113 		vm_flags_t vm_flags)
1114 {
1115 	loff_t off_end = off + len;
1116 	loff_t off_align = round_up(off, size);
1117 	unsigned long len_pad, ret, off_sub;
1118 
1119 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) || in_compat_syscall())
1120 		return 0;
1121 
1122 	if (off_end <= off_align || (off_end - off_align) < size)
1123 		return 0;
1124 
1125 	len_pad = len + size;
1126 	if (len_pad < len || (off + len_pad) < off)
1127 		return 0;
1128 
1129 	ret = mm_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(current->mm, filp, addr, len_pad,
1130 					   off >> PAGE_SHIFT, flags, vm_flags);
1131 
1132 	/*
1133 	 * The failure might be due to length padding. The caller will retry
1134 	 * without the padding.
1135 	 */
1136 	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(ret))
1137 		return 0;
1138 
1139 	/*
1140 	 * Do not try to align to THP boundary if allocation at the address
1141 	 * hint succeeds.
1142 	 */
1143 	if (ret == addr)
1144 		return addr;
1145 
1146 	off_sub = (off - ret) & (size - 1);
1147 
1148 	if (mm_flags_test(MMF_TOPDOWN, current->mm) && !off_sub)
1149 		return ret + size;
1150 
1151 	ret += off_sub;
1152 	return ret;
1153 }
1154 
1155 unsigned long thp_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
1156 		unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags,
1157 		vm_flags_t vm_flags)
1158 {
1159 	unsigned long ret;
1160 	loff_t off = (loff_t)pgoff << PAGE_SHIFT;
1161 
1162 	ret = __thp_get_unmapped_area(filp, addr, len, off, flags, PMD_SIZE, vm_flags);
1163 	if (ret)
1164 		return ret;
1165 
1166 	return mm_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(current->mm, filp, addr, len, pgoff, flags,
1167 					    vm_flags);
1168 }
1169 
1170 unsigned long thp_get_unmapped_area(struct file *filp, unsigned long addr,
1171 		unsigned long len, unsigned long pgoff, unsigned long flags)
1172 {
1173 	return thp_get_unmapped_area_vmflags(filp, addr, len, pgoff, flags, 0);
1174 }
1175 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(thp_get_unmapped_area);
1176 
1177 static struct folio *vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1178 		unsigned long addr)
1179 {
1180 	gfp_t gfp = vma_thp_gfp_mask(vma);
1181 	const int order = HPAGE_PMD_ORDER;
1182 	struct folio *folio;
1183 
1184 	folio = vma_alloc_folio(gfp, order, vma, addr & HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
1185 
1186 	if (unlikely(!folio)) {
1187 		count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1188 		count_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1189 		return NULL;
1190 	}
1191 
1192 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
1193 	if (mem_cgroup_charge(folio, vma->vm_mm, gfp)) {
1194 		folio_put(folio);
1195 		count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1196 		count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
1197 		count_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1198 		count_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_FALLBACK_CHARGE);
1199 		return NULL;
1200 	}
1201 	folio_throttle_swaprate(folio, gfp);
1202 
1203        /*
1204 	* When a folio is not zeroed during allocation (__GFP_ZERO not used)
1205 	* or user folios require special handling, folio_zero_user() is used to
1206 	* make sure that the page corresponding to the faulting address will be
1207 	* hot in the cache after zeroing.
1208 	*/
1209 	if (user_alloc_needs_zeroing())
1210 		folio_zero_user(folio, addr);
1211 	/*
1212 	 * The memory barrier inside __folio_mark_uptodate makes sure that
1213 	 * folio_zero_user writes become visible before the set_pmd_at()
1214 	 * write.
1215 	 */
1216 	__folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
1217 	return folio;
1218 }
1219 
1220 static void map_anon_folio_pmd(struct folio *folio, pmd_t *pmd,
1221 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long haddr)
1222 {
1223 	pmd_t entry;
1224 
1225 	entry = folio_mk_pmd(folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1226 	entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1227 	folio_add_new_anon_rmap(folio, vma, haddr, RMAP_EXCLUSIVE);
1228 	folio_add_lru_vma(folio, vma);
1229 	set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, haddr, pmd, entry);
1230 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, haddr, pmd);
1231 	add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1232 	count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_ALLOC);
1233 	count_mthp_stat(HPAGE_PMD_ORDER, MTHP_STAT_ANON_FAULT_ALLOC);
1234 	count_memcg_event_mm(vma->vm_mm, THP_FAULT_ALLOC);
1235 }
1236 
1237 static vm_fault_t __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1238 {
1239 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1240 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1241 	struct folio *folio;
1242 	pgtable_t pgtable;
1243 	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
1244 
1245 	folio = vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd(vma, vmf->address);
1246 	if (unlikely(!folio))
1247 		return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1248 
1249 	pgtable = pte_alloc_one(vma->vm_mm);
1250 	if (unlikely(!pgtable)) {
1251 		ret = VM_FAULT_OOM;
1252 		goto release;
1253 	}
1254 
1255 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1256 	if (unlikely(!pmd_none(*vmf->pmd))) {
1257 		goto unlock_release;
1258 	} else {
1259 		ret = check_stable_address_space(vma->vm_mm);
1260 		if (ret)
1261 			goto unlock_release;
1262 
1263 		/* Deliver the page fault to userland */
1264 		if (userfaultfd_missing(vma)) {
1265 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1266 			folio_put(folio);
1267 			pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1268 			ret = handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_MISSING);
1269 			VM_BUG_ON(ret & VM_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1270 			return ret;
1271 		}
1272 		pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd, pgtable);
1273 		map_anon_folio_pmd(folio, vmf->pmd, vma, haddr);
1274 		mm_inc_nr_ptes(vma->vm_mm);
1275 		deferred_split_folio(folio, false);
1276 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1277 	}
1278 
1279 	return 0;
1280 unlock_release:
1281 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1282 release:
1283 	if (pgtable)
1284 		pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1285 	folio_put(folio);
1286 	return ret;
1287 
1288 }
1289 
1290 /*
1291  * always: directly stall for all thp allocations
1292  * defer: wake kswapd and fail if not immediately available
1293  * defer+madvise: wake kswapd and directly stall for MADV_HUGEPAGE, otherwise
1294  *		  fail if not immediately available
1295  * madvise: directly stall for MADV_HUGEPAGE, otherwise fail if not immediately
1296  *	    available
1297  * never: never stall for any thp allocation
1298  */
1299 gfp_t vma_thp_gfp_mask(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1300 {
1301 	const bool vma_madvised = vma && (vma->vm_flags & VM_HUGEPAGE);
1302 
1303 	/* Always do synchronous compaction */
1304 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_DIRECT_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1305 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE | (vma_madvised ? 0 : __GFP_NORETRY);
1306 
1307 	/* Kick kcompactd and fail quickly */
1308 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1309 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT | __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM;
1310 
1311 	/* Synchronous compaction if madvised, otherwise kick kcompactd */
1312 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1313 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT |
1314 			(vma_madvised ? __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM :
1315 					__GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM);
1316 
1317 	/* Only do synchronous compaction if madvised */
1318 	if (test_bit(TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_REQ_MADV_FLAG, &transparent_hugepage_flags))
1319 		return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT |
1320 		       (vma_madvised ? __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM : 0);
1321 
1322 	return GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT;
1323 }
1324 
1325 /* Caller must hold page table lock. */
1326 static void set_huge_zero_folio(pgtable_t pgtable, struct mm_struct *mm,
1327 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd,
1328 		struct folio *zero_folio)
1329 {
1330 	pmd_t entry;
1331 	entry = folio_mk_pmd(zero_folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1332 	entry = pmd_mkspecial(entry);
1333 	pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
1334 	set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pmd, entry);
1335 	mm_inc_nr_ptes(mm);
1336 }
1337 
1338 vm_fault_t do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1339 {
1340 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1341 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1342 	vm_fault_t ret;
1343 
1344 	if (!thp_vma_suitable_order(vma, haddr, PMD_ORDER))
1345 		return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1346 	ret = vmf_anon_prepare(vmf);
1347 	if (ret)
1348 		return ret;
1349 	khugepaged_enter_vma(vma, vma->vm_flags);
1350 
1351 	if (!(vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE) &&
1352 			!mm_forbids_zeropage(vma->vm_mm) &&
1353 			transparent_hugepage_use_zero_page()) {
1354 		pgtable_t pgtable;
1355 		struct folio *zero_folio;
1356 		vm_fault_t ret;
1357 
1358 		pgtable = pte_alloc_one(vma->vm_mm);
1359 		if (unlikely(!pgtable))
1360 			return VM_FAULT_OOM;
1361 		zero_folio = mm_get_huge_zero_folio(vma->vm_mm);
1362 		if (unlikely(!zero_folio)) {
1363 			pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1364 			count_vm_event(THP_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1365 			return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1366 		}
1367 		vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1368 		ret = 0;
1369 		if (pmd_none(*vmf->pmd)) {
1370 			ret = check_stable_address_space(vma->vm_mm);
1371 			if (ret) {
1372 				spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1373 				pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1374 			} else if (userfaultfd_missing(vma)) {
1375 				spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1376 				pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1377 				ret = handle_userfault(vmf, VM_UFFD_MISSING);
1378 				VM_BUG_ON(ret & VM_FAULT_FALLBACK);
1379 			} else {
1380 				set_huge_zero_folio(pgtable, vma->vm_mm, vma,
1381 						   haddr, vmf->pmd, zero_folio);
1382 				update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd);
1383 				spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1384 			}
1385 		} else {
1386 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1387 			pte_free(vma->vm_mm, pgtable);
1388 		}
1389 		return ret;
1390 	}
1391 
1392 	return __do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page(vmf);
1393 }
1394 
1395 struct folio_or_pfn {
1396 	union {
1397 		struct folio *folio;
1398 		unsigned long pfn;
1399 	};
1400 	bool is_folio;
1401 };
1402 
1403 static vm_fault_t insert_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1404 		pmd_t *pmd, struct folio_or_pfn fop, pgprot_t prot,
1405 		bool write)
1406 {
1407 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1408 	pgtable_t pgtable = NULL;
1409 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1410 	pmd_t entry;
1411 
1412 	if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
1413 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1414 
1415 	if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit()) {
1416 		pgtable = pte_alloc_one(vma->vm_mm);
1417 		if (!pgtable)
1418 			return VM_FAULT_OOM;
1419 	}
1420 
1421 	ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
1422 	if (!pmd_none(*pmd)) {
1423 		const unsigned long pfn = fop.is_folio ? folio_pfn(fop.folio) :
1424 					  fop.pfn;
1425 
1426 		if (write) {
1427 			if (pmd_pfn(*pmd) != pfn) {
1428 				WARN_ON_ONCE(!is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd));
1429 				goto out_unlock;
1430 			}
1431 			entry = pmd_mkyoung(*pmd);
1432 			entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1433 			if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, addr, pmd, entry, 1))
1434 				update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1435 		}
1436 		goto out_unlock;
1437 	}
1438 
1439 	if (fop.is_folio) {
1440 		entry = folio_mk_pmd(fop.folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1441 
1442 		if (is_huge_zero_folio(fop.folio)) {
1443 			entry = pmd_mkspecial(entry);
1444 		} else {
1445 			folio_get(fop.folio);
1446 			folio_add_file_rmap_pmd(fop.folio, &fop.folio->page, vma);
1447 			add_mm_counter(mm, mm_counter_file(fop.folio), HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1448 		}
1449 	} else {
1450 		entry = pmd_mkhuge(pfn_pmd(fop.pfn, prot));
1451 		entry = pmd_mkspecial(entry);
1452 	}
1453 	if (write) {
1454 		entry = pmd_mkyoung(pmd_mkdirty(entry));
1455 		entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(entry, vma);
1456 	}
1457 
1458 	if (pgtable) {
1459 		pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, pmd, pgtable);
1460 		mm_inc_nr_ptes(mm);
1461 		pgtable = NULL;
1462 	}
1463 
1464 	set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, entry);
1465 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1466 
1467 out_unlock:
1468 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1469 	if (pgtable)
1470 		pte_free(mm, pgtable);
1471 	return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
1472 }
1473 
1474 /**
1475  * vmf_insert_pfn_pmd - insert a pmd size pfn
1476  * @vmf: Structure describing the fault
1477  * @pfn: pfn to insert
1478  * @write: whether it's a write fault
1479  *
1480  * Insert a pmd size pfn. See vmf_insert_pfn() for additional info.
1481  *
1482  * Return: vm_fault_t value.
1483  */
1484 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned long pfn,
1485 			      bool write)
1486 {
1487 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PMD_MASK;
1488 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1489 	pgprot_t pgprot = vma->vm_page_prot;
1490 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1491 		.pfn = pfn,
1492 	};
1493 
1494 	/*
1495 	 * If we had pmd_special, we could avoid all these restrictions,
1496 	 * but we need to be consistent with PTEs and architectures that
1497 	 * can't support a 'special' bit.
1498 	 */
1499 	BUG_ON(!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)));
1500 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)) ==
1501 						(VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP));
1502 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP) && is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags));
1503 
1504 	pfnmap_setup_cachemode_pfn(pfn, &pgprot);
1505 
1506 	return insert_pmd(vma, addr, vmf->pmd, fop, pgprot, write);
1507 }
1508 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_pfn_pmd);
1509 
1510 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_folio_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio,
1511 				bool write)
1512 {
1513 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1514 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PMD_MASK;
1515 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1516 		.folio = folio,
1517 		.is_folio = true,
1518 	};
1519 
1520 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_order(folio) != PMD_ORDER))
1521 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1522 
1523 	return insert_pmd(vma, addr, vmf->pmd, fop, vma->vm_page_prot, write);
1524 }
1525 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_folio_pmd);
1526 
1527 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
1528 static pud_t maybe_pud_mkwrite(pud_t pud, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1529 {
1530 	if (likely(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))
1531 		pud = pud_mkwrite(pud);
1532 	return pud;
1533 }
1534 
1535 static vm_fault_t insert_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1536 		pud_t *pud, struct folio_or_pfn fop, pgprot_t prot, bool write)
1537 {
1538 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
1539 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1540 	pud_t entry;
1541 
1542 	if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
1543 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1544 
1545 	ptl = pud_lock(mm, pud);
1546 	if (!pud_none(*pud)) {
1547 		const unsigned long pfn = fop.is_folio ? folio_pfn(fop.folio) :
1548 					  fop.pfn;
1549 
1550 		if (write) {
1551 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(pud_pfn(*pud) != pfn))
1552 				goto out_unlock;
1553 			entry = pud_mkyoung(*pud);
1554 			entry = maybe_pud_mkwrite(pud_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1555 			if (pudp_set_access_flags(vma, addr, pud, entry, 1))
1556 				update_mmu_cache_pud(vma, addr, pud);
1557 		}
1558 		goto out_unlock;
1559 	}
1560 
1561 	if (fop.is_folio) {
1562 		entry = folio_mk_pud(fop.folio, vma->vm_page_prot);
1563 
1564 		folio_get(fop.folio);
1565 		folio_add_file_rmap_pud(fop.folio, &fop.folio->page, vma);
1566 		add_mm_counter(mm, mm_counter_file(fop.folio), HPAGE_PUD_NR);
1567 	} else {
1568 		entry = pud_mkhuge(pfn_pud(fop.pfn, prot));
1569 		entry = pud_mkspecial(entry);
1570 	}
1571 	if (write) {
1572 		entry = pud_mkyoung(pud_mkdirty(entry));
1573 		entry = maybe_pud_mkwrite(entry, vma);
1574 	}
1575 	set_pud_at(mm, addr, pud, entry);
1576 	update_mmu_cache_pud(vma, addr, pud);
1577 out_unlock:
1578 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1579 	return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
1580 }
1581 
1582 /**
1583  * vmf_insert_pfn_pud - insert a pud size pfn
1584  * @vmf: Structure describing the fault
1585  * @pfn: pfn to insert
1586  * @write: whether it's a write fault
1587  *
1588  * Insert a pud size pfn. See vmf_insert_pfn() for additional info.
1589  *
1590  * Return: vm_fault_t value.
1591  */
1592 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_pud(struct vm_fault *vmf, unsigned long pfn,
1593 			      bool write)
1594 {
1595 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PUD_MASK;
1596 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1597 	pgprot_t pgprot = vma->vm_page_prot;
1598 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1599 		.pfn = pfn,
1600 	};
1601 
1602 	/*
1603 	 * If we had pud_special, we could avoid all these restrictions,
1604 	 * but we need to be consistent with PTEs and architectures that
1605 	 * can't support a 'special' bit.
1606 	 */
1607 	BUG_ON(!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)));
1608 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)) ==
1609 						(VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP));
1610 	BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP) && is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags));
1611 
1612 	pfnmap_setup_cachemode_pfn(pfn, &pgprot);
1613 
1614 	return insert_pud(vma, addr, vmf->pud, fop, pgprot, write);
1615 }
1616 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_pfn_pud);
1617 
1618 /**
1619  * vmf_insert_folio_pud - insert a pud size folio mapped by a pud entry
1620  * @vmf: Structure describing the fault
1621  * @folio: folio to insert
1622  * @write: whether it's a write fault
1623  *
1624  * Return: vm_fault_t value.
1625  */
1626 vm_fault_t vmf_insert_folio_pud(struct vm_fault *vmf, struct folio *folio,
1627 				bool write)
1628 {
1629 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1630 	unsigned long addr = vmf->address & PUD_MASK;
1631 	struct folio_or_pfn fop = {
1632 		.folio = folio,
1633 		.is_folio = true,
1634 	};
1635 
1636 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_order(folio) != PUD_ORDER))
1637 		return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1638 
1639 	return insert_pud(vma, addr, vmf->pud, fop, vma->vm_page_prot, write);
1640 }
1641 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vmf_insert_folio_pud);
1642 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD */
1643 
1644 /**
1645  * touch_pmd - Mark page table pmd entry as accessed and dirty (for write)
1646  * @vma: The VMA covering @addr
1647  * @addr: The virtual address
1648  * @pmd: pmd pointer into the page table mapping @addr
1649  * @write: Whether it's a write access
1650  *
1651  * Return: whether the pmd entry is changed
1652  */
1653 bool touch_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1654 	       pmd_t *pmd, bool write)
1655 {
1656 	pmd_t entry;
1657 
1658 	entry = pmd_mkyoung(*pmd);
1659 	if (write)
1660 		entry = pmd_mkdirty(entry);
1661 	if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, addr & HPAGE_PMD_MASK,
1662 				  pmd, entry, write)) {
1663 		update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1664 		return true;
1665 	}
1666 
1667 	return false;
1668 }
1669 
1670 int copy_huge_pmd(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
1671 		  pmd_t *dst_pmd, pmd_t *src_pmd, unsigned long addr,
1672 		  struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma)
1673 {
1674 	spinlock_t *dst_ptl, *src_ptl;
1675 	struct page *src_page;
1676 	struct folio *src_folio;
1677 	pmd_t pmd;
1678 	pgtable_t pgtable = NULL;
1679 	int ret = -ENOMEM;
1680 
1681 	pmd = pmdp_get_lockless(src_pmd);
1682 	if (unlikely(pmd_present(pmd) && pmd_special(pmd) &&
1683 		     !is_huge_zero_pmd(pmd))) {
1684 		dst_ptl = pmd_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd);
1685 		src_ptl = pmd_lockptr(src_mm, src_pmd);
1686 		spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
1687 		/*
1688 		 * No need to recheck the pmd, it can't change with write
1689 		 * mmap lock held here.
1690 		 *
1691 		 * Meanwhile, making sure it's not a CoW VMA with writable
1692 		 * mapping, otherwise it means either the anon page wrongly
1693 		 * applied special bit, or we made the PRIVATE mapping be
1694 		 * able to wrongly write to the backend MMIO.
1695 		 */
1696 		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(is_cow_mapping(src_vma->vm_flags) && pmd_write(pmd));
1697 		goto set_pmd;
1698 	}
1699 
1700 	/* Skip if can be re-fill on fault */
1701 	if (!vma_is_anonymous(dst_vma))
1702 		return 0;
1703 
1704 	pgtable = pte_alloc_one(dst_mm);
1705 	if (unlikely(!pgtable))
1706 		goto out;
1707 
1708 	dst_ptl = pmd_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd);
1709 	src_ptl = pmd_lockptr(src_mm, src_pmd);
1710 	spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
1711 
1712 	ret = -EAGAIN;
1713 	pmd = *src_pmd;
1714 
1715 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
1716 	if (unlikely(is_swap_pmd(pmd))) {
1717 		swp_entry_t entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(pmd);
1718 
1719 		VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(pmd));
1720 		if (!is_readable_migration_entry(entry)) {
1721 			entry = make_readable_migration_entry(
1722 							swp_offset(entry));
1723 			pmd = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
1724 			if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*src_pmd))
1725 				pmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
1726 			if (pmd_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pmd))
1727 				pmd = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmd);
1728 			set_pmd_at(src_mm, addr, src_pmd, pmd);
1729 		}
1730 		add_mm_counter(dst_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1731 		mm_inc_nr_ptes(dst_mm);
1732 		pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(dst_mm, dst_pmd, pgtable);
1733 		if (!userfaultfd_wp(dst_vma))
1734 			pmd = pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
1735 		set_pmd_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pmd, pmd);
1736 		ret = 0;
1737 		goto out_unlock;
1738 	}
1739 #endif
1740 
1741 	if (unlikely(!pmd_trans_huge(pmd))) {
1742 		pte_free(dst_mm, pgtable);
1743 		goto out_unlock;
1744 	}
1745 	/*
1746 	 * When page table lock is held, the huge zero pmd should not be
1747 	 * under splitting since we don't split the page itself, only pmd to
1748 	 * a page table.
1749 	 */
1750 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(pmd)) {
1751 		/*
1752 		 * mm_get_huge_zero_folio() will never allocate a new
1753 		 * folio here, since we already have a zero page to
1754 		 * copy. It just takes a reference.
1755 		 */
1756 		mm_get_huge_zero_folio(dst_mm);
1757 		goto out_zero_page;
1758 	}
1759 
1760 	src_page = pmd_page(pmd);
1761 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(src_page), src_page);
1762 	src_folio = page_folio(src_page);
1763 
1764 	folio_get(src_folio);
1765 	if (unlikely(folio_try_dup_anon_rmap_pmd(src_folio, src_page, dst_vma, src_vma))) {
1766 		/* Page maybe pinned: split and retry the fault on PTEs. */
1767 		folio_put(src_folio);
1768 		pte_free(dst_mm, pgtable);
1769 		spin_unlock(src_ptl);
1770 		spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
1771 		__split_huge_pmd(src_vma, src_pmd, addr, false);
1772 		return -EAGAIN;
1773 	}
1774 	add_mm_counter(dst_mm, MM_ANONPAGES, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
1775 out_zero_page:
1776 	mm_inc_nr_ptes(dst_mm);
1777 	pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(dst_mm, dst_pmd, pgtable);
1778 	pmdp_set_wrprotect(src_mm, addr, src_pmd);
1779 	if (!userfaultfd_wp(dst_vma))
1780 		pmd = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
1781 	pmd = pmd_wrprotect(pmd);
1782 set_pmd:
1783 	pmd = pmd_mkold(pmd);
1784 	set_pmd_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pmd, pmd);
1785 
1786 	ret = 0;
1787 out_unlock:
1788 	spin_unlock(src_ptl);
1789 	spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
1790 out:
1791 	return ret;
1792 }
1793 
1794 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
1795 void touch_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
1796 	       pud_t *pud, bool write)
1797 {
1798 	pud_t _pud;
1799 
1800 	_pud = pud_mkyoung(*pud);
1801 	if (write)
1802 		_pud = pud_mkdirty(_pud);
1803 	if (pudp_set_access_flags(vma, addr & HPAGE_PUD_MASK,
1804 				  pud, _pud, write))
1805 		update_mmu_cache_pud(vma, addr, pud);
1806 }
1807 
1808 int copy_huge_pud(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
1809 		  pud_t *dst_pud, pud_t *src_pud, unsigned long addr,
1810 		  struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1811 {
1812 	spinlock_t *dst_ptl, *src_ptl;
1813 	pud_t pud;
1814 	int ret;
1815 
1816 	dst_ptl = pud_lock(dst_mm, dst_pud);
1817 	src_ptl = pud_lockptr(src_mm, src_pud);
1818 	spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
1819 
1820 	ret = -EAGAIN;
1821 	pud = *src_pud;
1822 	if (unlikely(!pud_trans_huge(pud)))
1823 		goto out_unlock;
1824 
1825 	/*
1826 	 * TODO: once we support anonymous pages, use
1827 	 * folio_try_dup_anon_rmap_*() and split if duplicating fails.
1828 	 */
1829 	if (is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags) && pud_write(pud)) {
1830 		pudp_set_wrprotect(src_mm, addr, src_pud);
1831 		pud = pud_wrprotect(pud);
1832 	}
1833 	pud = pud_mkold(pud);
1834 	set_pud_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pud, pud);
1835 
1836 	ret = 0;
1837 out_unlock:
1838 	spin_unlock(src_ptl);
1839 	spin_unlock(dst_ptl);
1840 	return ret;
1841 }
1842 
1843 void huge_pud_set_accessed(struct vm_fault *vmf, pud_t orig_pud)
1844 {
1845 	bool write = vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
1846 
1847 	vmf->ptl = pud_lock(vmf->vma->vm_mm, vmf->pud);
1848 	if (unlikely(!pud_same(*vmf->pud, orig_pud)))
1849 		goto unlock;
1850 
1851 	touch_pud(vmf->vma, vmf->address, vmf->pud, write);
1852 unlock:
1853 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1854 }
1855 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD */
1856 
1857 bool huge_pmd_set_accessed(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1858 {
1859 	bool write = vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE;
1860 
1861 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*vmf->pmd, vmf->orig_pmd)))
1862 		return false;
1863 
1864 	return touch_pmd(vmf->vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd, write);
1865 }
1866 
1867 static vm_fault_t do_huge_zero_wp_pmd(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1868 {
1869 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1870 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1871 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
1872 	struct folio *folio;
1873 	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
1874 
1875 	folio = vma_alloc_anon_folio_pmd(vma, vmf->address);
1876 	if (unlikely(!folio))
1877 		return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1878 
1879 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm, haddr,
1880 				haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
1881 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
1882 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1883 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(pmdp_get(vmf->pmd), vmf->orig_pmd)))
1884 		goto release;
1885 	ret = check_stable_address_space(vma->vm_mm);
1886 	if (ret)
1887 		goto release;
1888 	(void)pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, vmf->pmd);
1889 	map_anon_folio_pmd(folio, vmf->pmd, vma, haddr);
1890 	goto unlock;
1891 release:
1892 	folio_put(folio);
1893 unlock:
1894 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1895 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
1896 	return ret;
1897 }
1898 
1899 vm_fault_t do_huge_pmd_wp_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1900 {
1901 	const bool unshare = vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_UNSHARE;
1902 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
1903 	struct folio *folio;
1904 	struct page *page;
1905 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
1906 	pmd_t orig_pmd = vmf->orig_pmd;
1907 
1908 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lockptr(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
1909 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(!vma->anon_vma, vma);
1910 
1911 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd)) {
1912 		vm_fault_t ret = do_huge_zero_wp_pmd(vmf);
1913 
1914 		if (!(ret & VM_FAULT_FALLBACK))
1915 			return ret;
1916 
1917 		/* Fallback to splitting PMD if THP cannot be allocated */
1918 		goto fallback;
1919 	}
1920 
1921 	spin_lock(vmf->ptl);
1922 
1923 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*vmf->pmd, orig_pmd))) {
1924 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1925 		return 0;
1926 	}
1927 
1928 	page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
1929 	folio = page_folio(page);
1930 	VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
1931 
1932 	/* Early check when only holding the PT lock. */
1933 	if (PageAnonExclusive(page))
1934 		goto reuse;
1935 
1936 	if (!folio_trylock(folio)) {
1937 		folio_get(folio);
1938 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1939 		folio_lock(folio);
1940 		spin_lock(vmf->ptl);
1941 		if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*vmf->pmd, orig_pmd))) {
1942 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1943 			folio_unlock(folio);
1944 			folio_put(folio);
1945 			return 0;
1946 		}
1947 		folio_put(folio);
1948 	}
1949 
1950 	/* Recheck after temporarily dropping the PT lock. */
1951 	if (PageAnonExclusive(page)) {
1952 		folio_unlock(folio);
1953 		goto reuse;
1954 	}
1955 
1956 	/*
1957 	 * See do_wp_page(): we can only reuse the folio exclusively if
1958 	 * there are no additional references. Note that we always drain
1959 	 * the LRU cache immediately after adding a THP.
1960 	 */
1961 	if (folio_ref_count(folio) >
1962 			1 + folio_test_swapcache(folio) * folio_nr_pages(folio))
1963 		goto unlock_fallback;
1964 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
1965 		folio_free_swap(folio);
1966 	if (folio_ref_count(folio) == 1) {
1967 		pmd_t entry;
1968 
1969 		folio_move_anon_rmap(folio, vma);
1970 		SetPageAnonExclusive(page);
1971 		folio_unlock(folio);
1972 reuse:
1973 		if (unlikely(unshare)) {
1974 			spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1975 			return 0;
1976 		}
1977 		entry = pmd_mkyoung(orig_pmd);
1978 		entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
1979 		if (pmdp_set_access_flags(vma, haddr, vmf->pmd, entry, 1))
1980 			update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd);
1981 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1982 		return 0;
1983 	}
1984 
1985 unlock_fallback:
1986 	folio_unlock(folio);
1987 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
1988 fallback:
1989 	__split_huge_pmd(vma, vmf->pmd, vmf->address, false);
1990 	return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK;
1991 }
1992 
1993 static inline bool can_change_pmd_writable(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1994 					   unsigned long addr, pmd_t pmd)
1995 {
1996 	struct page *page;
1997 
1998 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)))
1999 		return false;
2000 
2001 	/* Don't touch entries that are not even readable (NUMA hinting). */
2002 	if (pmd_protnone(pmd))
2003 		return false;
2004 
2005 	/* Do we need write faults for softdirty tracking? */
2006 	if (pmd_needs_soft_dirty_wp(vma, pmd))
2007 		return false;
2008 
2009 	/* Do we need write faults for uffd-wp tracking? */
2010 	if (userfaultfd_huge_pmd_wp(vma, pmd))
2011 		return false;
2012 
2013 	if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)) {
2014 		/* See can_change_pte_writable(). */
2015 		page = vm_normal_page_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
2016 		return page && PageAnon(page) && PageAnonExclusive(page);
2017 	}
2018 
2019 	/* See can_change_pte_writable(). */
2020 	return pmd_dirty(pmd);
2021 }
2022 
2023 /* NUMA hinting page fault entry point for trans huge pmds */
2024 vm_fault_t do_huge_pmd_numa_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
2025 {
2026 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
2027 	struct folio *folio;
2028 	unsigned long haddr = vmf->address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
2029 	int nid = NUMA_NO_NODE;
2030 	int target_nid, last_cpupid;
2031 	pmd_t pmd, old_pmd;
2032 	bool writable = false;
2033 	int flags = 0;
2034 
2035 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
2036 	old_pmd = pmdp_get(vmf->pmd);
2037 
2038 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(old_pmd, vmf->orig_pmd))) {
2039 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2040 		return 0;
2041 	}
2042 
2043 	pmd = pmd_modify(old_pmd, vma->vm_page_prot);
2044 
2045 	/*
2046 	 * Detect now whether the PMD could be writable; this information
2047 	 * is only valid while holding the PT lock.
2048 	 */
2049 	writable = pmd_write(pmd);
2050 	if (!writable && vma_wants_manual_pte_write_upgrade(vma) &&
2051 	    can_change_pmd_writable(vma, vmf->address, pmd))
2052 		writable = true;
2053 
2054 	folio = vm_normal_folio_pmd(vma, haddr, pmd);
2055 	if (!folio)
2056 		goto out_map;
2057 
2058 	nid = folio_nid(folio);
2059 
2060 	target_nid = numa_migrate_check(folio, vmf, haddr, &flags, writable,
2061 					&last_cpupid);
2062 	if (target_nid == NUMA_NO_NODE)
2063 		goto out_map;
2064 	if (migrate_misplaced_folio_prepare(folio, vma, target_nid)) {
2065 		flags |= TNF_MIGRATE_FAIL;
2066 		goto out_map;
2067 	}
2068 	/* The folio is isolated and isolation code holds a folio reference. */
2069 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2070 	writable = false;
2071 
2072 	if (!migrate_misplaced_folio(folio, target_nid)) {
2073 		flags |= TNF_MIGRATED;
2074 		nid = target_nid;
2075 		task_numa_fault(last_cpupid, nid, HPAGE_PMD_NR, flags);
2076 		return 0;
2077 	}
2078 
2079 	flags |= TNF_MIGRATE_FAIL;
2080 	vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
2081 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(pmdp_get(vmf->pmd), vmf->orig_pmd))) {
2082 		spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2083 		return 0;
2084 	}
2085 out_map:
2086 	/* Restore the PMD */
2087 	pmd = pmd_modify(pmdp_get(vmf->pmd), vma->vm_page_prot);
2088 	pmd = pmd_mkyoung(pmd);
2089 	if (writable)
2090 		pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd, vma);
2091 	set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, haddr, vmf->pmd, pmd);
2092 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pmd);
2093 	spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
2094 
2095 	if (nid != NUMA_NO_NODE)
2096 		task_numa_fault(last_cpupid, nid, HPAGE_PMD_NR, flags);
2097 	return 0;
2098 }
2099 
2100 /*
2101  * Return true if we do MADV_FREE successfully on entire pmd page.
2102  * Otherwise, return false.
2103  */
2104 bool madvise_free_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2105 		pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long next)
2106 {
2107 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2108 	pmd_t orig_pmd;
2109 	struct folio *folio;
2110 	struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
2111 	bool ret = false;
2112 
2113 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2114 
2115 	ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
2116 	if (!ptl)
2117 		goto out_unlocked;
2118 
2119 	orig_pmd = *pmd;
2120 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd))
2121 		goto out;
2122 
2123 	if (unlikely(!pmd_present(orig_pmd))) {
2124 		VM_BUG_ON(thp_migration_supported() &&
2125 				  !is_pmd_migration_entry(orig_pmd));
2126 		goto out;
2127 	}
2128 
2129 	folio = pmd_folio(orig_pmd);
2130 	/*
2131 	 * If other processes are mapping this folio, we couldn't discard
2132 	 * the folio unless they all do MADV_FREE so let's skip the folio.
2133 	 */
2134 	if (folio_maybe_mapped_shared(folio))
2135 		goto out;
2136 
2137 	if (!folio_trylock(folio))
2138 		goto out;
2139 
2140 	/*
2141 	 * If user want to discard part-pages of THP, split it so MADV_FREE
2142 	 * will deactivate only them.
2143 	 */
2144 	if (next - addr != HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) {
2145 		folio_get(folio);
2146 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2147 		split_folio(folio);
2148 		folio_unlock(folio);
2149 		folio_put(folio);
2150 		goto out_unlocked;
2151 	}
2152 
2153 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio))
2154 		folio_clear_dirty(folio);
2155 	folio_unlock(folio);
2156 
2157 	if (pmd_young(orig_pmd) || pmd_dirty(orig_pmd)) {
2158 		pmdp_invalidate(vma, addr, pmd);
2159 		orig_pmd = pmd_mkold(orig_pmd);
2160 		orig_pmd = pmd_mkclean(orig_pmd);
2161 
2162 		set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, orig_pmd);
2163 		tlb_remove_pmd_tlb_entry(tlb, pmd, addr);
2164 	}
2165 
2166 	folio_mark_lazyfree(folio);
2167 	ret = true;
2168 out:
2169 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2170 out_unlocked:
2171 	return ret;
2172 }
2173 
2174 static inline void zap_deposited_table(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
2175 {
2176 	pgtable_t pgtable;
2177 
2178 	pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
2179 	pte_free(mm, pgtable);
2180 	mm_dec_nr_ptes(mm);
2181 }
2182 
2183 int zap_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2184 		 pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr)
2185 {
2186 	pmd_t orig_pmd;
2187 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2188 
2189 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2190 
2191 	ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
2192 	if (!ptl)
2193 		return 0;
2194 	/*
2195 	 * For architectures like ppc64 we look at deposited pgtable
2196 	 * when calling pmdp_huge_get_and_clear. So do the
2197 	 * pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw after finishing pmdp related
2198 	 * operations.
2199 	 */
2200 	orig_pmd = pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_full(vma, addr, pmd,
2201 						tlb->fullmm);
2202 	arch_check_zapped_pmd(vma, orig_pmd);
2203 	tlb_remove_pmd_tlb_entry(tlb, pmd, addr);
2204 	if (!vma_is_dax(vma) && vma_is_special_huge(vma)) {
2205 		if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2206 			zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2207 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2208 	} else if (is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd)) {
2209 		if (!vma_is_dax(vma) || arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2210 			zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2211 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2212 	} else {
2213 		struct folio *folio = NULL;
2214 		int flush_needed = 1;
2215 
2216 		if (pmd_present(orig_pmd)) {
2217 			struct page *page = pmd_page(orig_pmd);
2218 
2219 			folio = page_folio(page);
2220 			folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
2221 			WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_mapcount(folio) < 0);
2222 			VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page);
2223 		} else if (thp_migration_supported()) {
2224 			swp_entry_t entry;
2225 
2226 			VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(orig_pmd));
2227 			entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(orig_pmd);
2228 			folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
2229 			flush_needed = 0;
2230 		} else
2231 			WARN_ONCE(1, "Non present huge pmd without pmd migration enabled!");
2232 
2233 		if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
2234 			zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2235 			add_mm_counter(tlb->mm, MM_ANONPAGES, -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
2236 		} else {
2237 			if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2238 				zap_deposited_table(tlb->mm, pmd);
2239 			add_mm_counter(tlb->mm, mm_counter_file(folio),
2240 				       -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
2241 
2242 			/*
2243 			 * Use flush_needed to indicate whether the PMD entry
2244 			 * is present, instead of checking pmd_present() again.
2245 			 */
2246 			if (flush_needed && pmd_young(orig_pmd) &&
2247 			    likely(vma_has_recency(vma)))
2248 				folio_mark_accessed(folio);
2249 		}
2250 
2251 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2252 		if (flush_needed)
2253 			tlb_remove_page_size(tlb, &folio->page, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2254 	}
2255 	return 1;
2256 }
2257 
2258 #ifndef pmd_move_must_withdraw
2259 static inline int pmd_move_must_withdraw(spinlock_t *new_pmd_ptl,
2260 					 spinlock_t *old_pmd_ptl,
2261 					 struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2262 {
2263 	/*
2264 	 * With split pmd lock we also need to move preallocated
2265 	 * PTE page table if new_pmd is on different PMD page table.
2266 	 *
2267 	 * We also don't deposit and withdraw tables for file pages.
2268 	 */
2269 	return (new_pmd_ptl != old_pmd_ptl) && vma_is_anonymous(vma);
2270 }
2271 #endif
2272 
2273 static pmd_t move_soft_dirty_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
2274 {
2275 #ifdef CONFIG_MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
2276 	if (unlikely(is_pmd_migration_entry(pmd)))
2277 		pmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
2278 	else if (pmd_present(pmd))
2279 		pmd = pmd_mksoft_dirty(pmd);
2280 #endif
2281 	return pmd;
2282 }
2283 
2284 static pmd_t clear_uffd_wp_pmd(pmd_t pmd)
2285 {
2286 	if (pmd_present(pmd))
2287 		pmd = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
2288 	else if (is_swap_pmd(pmd))
2289 		pmd = pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pmd);
2290 
2291 	return pmd;
2292 }
2293 
2294 bool move_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long old_addr,
2295 		  unsigned long new_addr, pmd_t *old_pmd, pmd_t *new_pmd)
2296 {
2297 	spinlock_t *old_ptl, *new_ptl;
2298 	pmd_t pmd;
2299 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2300 	bool force_flush = false;
2301 
2302 	/*
2303 	 * The destination pmd shouldn't be established, free_pgtables()
2304 	 * should have released it; but move_page_tables() might have already
2305 	 * inserted a page table, if racing against shmem/file collapse.
2306 	 */
2307 	if (!pmd_none(*new_pmd)) {
2308 		VM_BUG_ON(pmd_trans_huge(*new_pmd));
2309 		return false;
2310 	}
2311 
2312 	/*
2313 	 * We don't have to worry about the ordering of src and dst
2314 	 * ptlocks because exclusive mmap_lock prevents deadlock.
2315 	 */
2316 	old_ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(old_pmd, vma);
2317 	if (old_ptl) {
2318 		new_ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, new_pmd);
2319 		if (new_ptl != old_ptl)
2320 			spin_lock_nested(new_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
2321 		pmd = pmdp_huge_get_and_clear(mm, old_addr, old_pmd);
2322 		if (pmd_present(pmd))
2323 			force_flush = true;
2324 		VM_BUG_ON(!pmd_none(*new_pmd));
2325 
2326 		if (pmd_move_must_withdraw(new_ptl, old_ptl, vma)) {
2327 			pgtable_t pgtable;
2328 			pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, old_pmd);
2329 			pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, new_pmd, pgtable);
2330 		}
2331 		pmd = move_soft_dirty_pmd(pmd);
2332 		if (vma_has_uffd_without_event_remap(vma))
2333 			pmd = clear_uffd_wp_pmd(pmd);
2334 		set_pmd_at(mm, new_addr, new_pmd, pmd);
2335 		if (force_flush)
2336 			flush_pmd_tlb_range(vma, old_addr, old_addr + PMD_SIZE);
2337 		if (new_ptl != old_ptl)
2338 			spin_unlock(new_ptl);
2339 		spin_unlock(old_ptl);
2340 		return true;
2341 	}
2342 	return false;
2343 }
2344 
2345 /*
2346  * Returns
2347  *  - 0 if PMD could not be locked
2348  *  - 1 if PMD was locked but protections unchanged and TLB flush unnecessary
2349  *      or if prot_numa but THP migration is not supported
2350  *  - HPAGE_PMD_NR if protections changed and TLB flush necessary
2351  */
2352 int change_huge_pmd(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2353 		    pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot,
2354 		    unsigned long cp_flags)
2355 {
2356 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2357 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2358 	pmd_t oldpmd, entry;
2359 	bool prot_numa = cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA;
2360 	bool uffd_wp = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP;
2361 	bool uffd_wp_resolve = cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_RESOLVE;
2362 	int ret = 1;
2363 
2364 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2365 
2366 	if (prot_numa && !thp_migration_supported())
2367 		return 1;
2368 
2369 	ptl = __pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
2370 	if (!ptl)
2371 		return 0;
2372 
2373 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
2374 	if (is_swap_pmd(*pmd)) {
2375 		swp_entry_t entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(*pmd);
2376 		struct folio *folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
2377 		pmd_t newpmd;
2378 
2379 		VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd));
2380 		if (is_writable_migration_entry(entry)) {
2381 			/*
2382 			 * A protection check is difficult so
2383 			 * just be safe and disable write
2384 			 */
2385 			if (folio_test_anon(folio))
2386 				entry = make_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(swp_offset(entry));
2387 			else
2388 				entry = make_readable_migration_entry(swp_offset(entry));
2389 			newpmd = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
2390 			if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*pmd))
2391 				newpmd = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(newpmd);
2392 		} else {
2393 			newpmd = *pmd;
2394 		}
2395 
2396 		if (uffd_wp)
2397 			newpmd = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(newpmd);
2398 		else if (uffd_wp_resolve)
2399 			newpmd = pmd_swp_clear_uffd_wp(newpmd);
2400 		if (!pmd_same(*pmd, newpmd))
2401 			set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, newpmd);
2402 		goto unlock;
2403 	}
2404 #endif
2405 
2406 	if (prot_numa) {
2407 		struct folio *folio;
2408 		bool toptier;
2409 		/*
2410 		 * Avoid trapping faults against the zero page. The read-only
2411 		 * data is likely to be read-cached on the local CPU and
2412 		 * local/remote hits to the zero page are not interesting.
2413 		 */
2414 		if (is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd))
2415 			goto unlock;
2416 
2417 		if (pmd_protnone(*pmd))
2418 			goto unlock;
2419 
2420 		folio = pmd_folio(*pmd);
2421 		toptier = node_is_toptier(folio_nid(folio));
2422 		/*
2423 		 * Skip scanning top tier node if normal numa
2424 		 * balancing is disabled
2425 		 */
2426 		if (!(sysctl_numa_balancing_mode & NUMA_BALANCING_NORMAL) &&
2427 		    toptier)
2428 			goto unlock;
2429 
2430 		if (folio_use_access_time(folio))
2431 			folio_xchg_access_time(folio,
2432 					       jiffies_to_msecs(jiffies));
2433 	}
2434 	/*
2435 	 * In case prot_numa, we are under mmap_read_lock(mm). It's critical
2436 	 * to not clear pmd intermittently to avoid race with MADV_DONTNEED
2437 	 * which is also under mmap_read_lock(mm):
2438 	 *
2439 	 *	CPU0:				CPU1:
2440 	 *				change_huge_pmd(prot_numa=1)
2441 	 *				 pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_notify()
2442 	 * madvise_dontneed()
2443 	 *  zap_pmd_range()
2444 	 *   pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) == 0 (without ptl)
2445 	 *   // skip the pmd
2446 	 *				 set_pmd_at();
2447 	 *				 // pmd is re-established
2448 	 *
2449 	 * The race makes MADV_DONTNEED miss the huge pmd and don't clear it
2450 	 * which may break userspace.
2451 	 *
2452 	 * pmdp_invalidate_ad() is required to make sure we don't miss
2453 	 * dirty/young flags set by hardware.
2454 	 */
2455 	oldpmd = pmdp_invalidate_ad(vma, addr, pmd);
2456 
2457 	entry = pmd_modify(oldpmd, newprot);
2458 	if (uffd_wp)
2459 		entry = pmd_mkuffd_wp(entry);
2460 	else if (uffd_wp_resolve)
2461 		/*
2462 		 * Leave the write bit to be handled by PF interrupt
2463 		 * handler, then things like COW could be properly
2464 		 * handled.
2465 		 */
2466 		entry = pmd_clear_uffd_wp(entry);
2467 
2468 	/* See change_pte_range(). */
2469 	if ((cp_flags & MM_CP_TRY_CHANGE_WRITABLE) && !pmd_write(entry) &&
2470 	    can_change_pmd_writable(vma, addr, entry))
2471 		entry = pmd_mkwrite(entry, vma);
2472 
2473 	ret = HPAGE_PMD_NR;
2474 	set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmd, entry);
2475 
2476 	if (huge_pmd_needs_flush(oldpmd, entry))
2477 		tlb_flush_pmd_range(tlb, addr, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2478 unlock:
2479 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2480 	return ret;
2481 }
2482 
2483 /*
2484  * Returns:
2485  *
2486  * - 0: if pud leaf changed from under us
2487  * - 1: if pud can be skipped
2488  * - HPAGE_PUD_NR: if pud was successfully processed
2489  */
2490 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
2491 int change_huge_pud(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2492 		    pud_t *pudp, unsigned long addr, pgprot_t newprot,
2493 		    unsigned long cp_flags)
2494 {
2495 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2496 	pud_t oldpud, entry;
2497 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2498 
2499 	tlb_change_page_size(tlb, HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2500 
2501 	/* NUMA balancing doesn't apply to dax */
2502 	if (cp_flags & MM_CP_PROT_NUMA)
2503 		return 1;
2504 
2505 	/*
2506 	 * Huge entries on userfault-wp only works with anonymous, while we
2507 	 * don't have anonymous PUDs yet.
2508 	 */
2509 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(cp_flags & MM_CP_UFFD_WP_ALL))
2510 		return 1;
2511 
2512 	ptl = __pud_trans_huge_lock(pudp, vma);
2513 	if (!ptl)
2514 		return 0;
2515 
2516 	/*
2517 	 * Can't clear PUD or it can race with concurrent zapping.  See
2518 	 * change_huge_pmd().
2519 	 */
2520 	oldpud = pudp_invalidate(vma, addr, pudp);
2521 	entry = pud_modify(oldpud, newprot);
2522 	set_pud_at(mm, addr, pudp, entry);
2523 	tlb_flush_pud_range(tlb, addr, HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2524 
2525 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2526 	return HPAGE_PUD_NR;
2527 }
2528 #endif
2529 
2530 #ifdef CONFIG_USERFAULTFD
2531 /*
2532  * The PT lock for src_pmd and dst_vma/src_vma (for reading) are locked by
2533  * the caller, but it must return after releasing the page_table_lock.
2534  * Just move the page from src_pmd to dst_pmd if possible.
2535  * Return zero if succeeded in moving the page, -EAGAIN if it needs to be
2536  * repeated by the caller, or other errors in case of failure.
2537  */
2538 int move_pages_huge_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *dst_pmd, pmd_t *src_pmd, pmd_t dst_pmdval,
2539 			struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
2540 			unsigned long dst_addr, unsigned long src_addr)
2541 {
2542 	pmd_t _dst_pmd, src_pmdval;
2543 	struct page *src_page;
2544 	struct folio *src_folio;
2545 	struct anon_vma *src_anon_vma;
2546 	spinlock_t *src_ptl, *dst_ptl;
2547 	pgtable_t src_pgtable;
2548 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
2549 	int err = 0;
2550 
2551 	src_pmdval = *src_pmd;
2552 	src_ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, src_pmd);
2553 
2554 	lockdep_assert_held(src_ptl);
2555 	vma_assert_locked(src_vma);
2556 	vma_assert_locked(dst_vma);
2557 
2558 	/* Sanity checks before the operation */
2559 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!pmd_none(dst_pmdval)) || WARN_ON_ONCE(src_addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK) ||
2560 	    WARN_ON_ONCE(dst_addr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK)) {
2561 		spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2562 		return -EINVAL;
2563 	}
2564 
2565 	if (!pmd_trans_huge(src_pmdval)) {
2566 		spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2567 		if (is_pmd_migration_entry(src_pmdval)) {
2568 			pmd_migration_entry_wait(mm, &src_pmdval);
2569 			return -EAGAIN;
2570 		}
2571 		return -ENOENT;
2572 	}
2573 
2574 	src_page = pmd_page(src_pmdval);
2575 
2576 	if (!is_huge_zero_pmd(src_pmdval)) {
2577 		if (unlikely(!PageAnonExclusive(src_page))) {
2578 			spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2579 			return -EBUSY;
2580 		}
2581 
2582 		src_folio = page_folio(src_page);
2583 		folio_get(src_folio);
2584 	} else
2585 		src_folio = NULL;
2586 
2587 	spin_unlock(src_ptl);
2588 
2589 	flush_cache_range(src_vma, src_addr, src_addr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2590 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, mm, src_addr,
2591 				src_addr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
2592 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
2593 
2594 	if (src_folio) {
2595 		folio_lock(src_folio);
2596 
2597 		/*
2598 		 * split_huge_page walks the anon_vma chain without the page
2599 		 * lock. Serialize against it with the anon_vma lock, the page
2600 		 * lock is not enough.
2601 		 */
2602 		src_anon_vma = folio_get_anon_vma(src_folio);
2603 		if (!src_anon_vma) {
2604 			err = -EAGAIN;
2605 			goto unlock_folio;
2606 		}
2607 		anon_vma_lock_write(src_anon_vma);
2608 	} else
2609 		src_anon_vma = NULL;
2610 
2611 	dst_ptl = pmd_lockptr(mm, dst_pmd);
2612 	double_pt_lock(src_ptl, dst_ptl);
2613 	if (unlikely(!pmd_same(*src_pmd, src_pmdval) ||
2614 		     !pmd_same(*dst_pmd, dst_pmdval))) {
2615 		err = -EAGAIN;
2616 		goto unlock_ptls;
2617 	}
2618 	if (src_folio) {
2619 		if (folio_maybe_dma_pinned(src_folio) ||
2620 		    !PageAnonExclusive(&src_folio->page)) {
2621 			err = -EBUSY;
2622 			goto unlock_ptls;
2623 		}
2624 
2625 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_head(src_folio)) ||
2626 		    WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_anon(src_folio))) {
2627 			err = -EBUSY;
2628 			goto unlock_ptls;
2629 		}
2630 
2631 		src_pmdval = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(src_vma, src_addr, src_pmd);
2632 		/* Folio got pinned from under us. Put it back and fail the move. */
2633 		if (folio_maybe_dma_pinned(src_folio)) {
2634 			set_pmd_at(mm, src_addr, src_pmd, src_pmdval);
2635 			err = -EBUSY;
2636 			goto unlock_ptls;
2637 		}
2638 
2639 		folio_move_anon_rmap(src_folio, dst_vma);
2640 		src_folio->index = linear_page_index(dst_vma, dst_addr);
2641 
2642 		_dst_pmd = folio_mk_pmd(src_folio, dst_vma->vm_page_prot);
2643 		/* Follow mremap() behavior and treat the entry dirty after the move */
2644 		_dst_pmd = pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(_dst_pmd), dst_vma);
2645 	} else {
2646 		src_pmdval = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(src_vma, src_addr, src_pmd);
2647 		_dst_pmd = folio_mk_pmd(src_folio, dst_vma->vm_page_prot);
2648 	}
2649 	set_pmd_at(mm, dst_addr, dst_pmd, _dst_pmd);
2650 
2651 	src_pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, src_pmd);
2652 	pgtable_trans_huge_deposit(mm, dst_pmd, src_pgtable);
2653 unlock_ptls:
2654 	double_pt_unlock(src_ptl, dst_ptl);
2655 	if (src_anon_vma) {
2656 		anon_vma_unlock_write(src_anon_vma);
2657 		put_anon_vma(src_anon_vma);
2658 	}
2659 unlock_folio:
2660 	/* unblock rmap walks */
2661 	if (src_folio)
2662 		folio_unlock(src_folio);
2663 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
2664 	if (src_folio)
2665 		folio_put(src_folio);
2666 	return err;
2667 }
2668 #endif /* CONFIG_USERFAULTFD */
2669 
2670 /*
2671  * Returns page table lock pointer if a given pmd maps a thp, NULL otherwise.
2672  *
2673  * Note that if it returns page table lock pointer, this routine returns without
2674  * unlocking page table lock. So callers must unlock it.
2675  */
2676 spinlock_t *__pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd_t *pmd, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2677 {
2678 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2679 	ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd);
2680 	if (likely(is_swap_pmd(*pmd) || pmd_trans_huge(*pmd)))
2681 		return ptl;
2682 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2683 	return NULL;
2684 }
2685 
2686 /*
2687  * Returns page table lock pointer if a given pud maps a thp, NULL otherwise.
2688  *
2689  * Note that if it returns page table lock pointer, this routine returns without
2690  * unlocking page table lock. So callers must unlock it.
2691  */
2692 spinlock_t *__pud_trans_huge_lock(pud_t *pud, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
2693 {
2694 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2695 
2696 	ptl = pud_lock(vma->vm_mm, pud);
2697 	if (likely(pud_trans_huge(*pud)))
2698 		return ptl;
2699 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2700 	return NULL;
2701 }
2702 
2703 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD
2704 int zap_huge_pud(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2705 		 pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr)
2706 {
2707 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2708 	pud_t orig_pud;
2709 
2710 	ptl = __pud_trans_huge_lock(pud, vma);
2711 	if (!ptl)
2712 		return 0;
2713 
2714 	orig_pud = pudp_huge_get_and_clear_full(vma, addr, pud, tlb->fullmm);
2715 	arch_check_zapped_pud(vma, orig_pud);
2716 	tlb_remove_pud_tlb_entry(tlb, pud, addr);
2717 	if (!vma_is_dax(vma) && vma_is_special_huge(vma)) {
2718 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2719 		/* No zero page support yet */
2720 	} else {
2721 		struct page *page = NULL;
2722 		struct folio *folio;
2723 
2724 		/* No support for anonymous PUD pages or migration yet */
2725 		VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(vma_is_anonymous(vma) ||
2726 				!pud_present(orig_pud));
2727 
2728 		page = pud_page(orig_pud);
2729 		folio = page_folio(page);
2730 		folio_remove_rmap_pud(folio, page, vma);
2731 		add_mm_counter(tlb->mm, mm_counter_file(folio), -HPAGE_PUD_NR);
2732 
2733 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2734 		tlb_remove_page_size(tlb, page, HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2735 	}
2736 	return 1;
2737 }
2738 
2739 static void __split_huge_pud_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
2740 		unsigned long haddr)
2741 {
2742 	struct folio *folio;
2743 	struct page *page;
2744 	pud_t old_pud;
2745 
2746 	VM_BUG_ON(haddr & ~HPAGE_PUD_MASK);
2747 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_start > haddr, vma);
2748 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_end < haddr + HPAGE_PUD_SIZE, vma);
2749 	VM_BUG_ON(!pud_trans_huge(*pud));
2750 
2751 	count_vm_event(THP_SPLIT_PUD);
2752 
2753 	old_pud = pudp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, pud);
2754 
2755 	if (!vma_is_dax(vma))
2756 		return;
2757 
2758 	page = pud_page(old_pud);
2759 	folio = page_folio(page);
2760 
2761 	if (!folio_test_dirty(folio) && pud_dirty(old_pud))
2762 		folio_mark_dirty(folio);
2763 	if (!folio_test_referenced(folio) && pud_young(old_pud))
2764 		folio_set_referenced(folio);
2765 	folio_remove_rmap_pud(folio, page, vma);
2766 	folio_put(folio);
2767 	add_mm_counter(vma->vm_mm, mm_counter_file(folio),
2768 		-HPAGE_PUD_NR);
2769 }
2770 
2771 void __split_huge_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
2772 		unsigned long address)
2773 {
2774 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2775 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
2776 
2777 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm,
2778 				address & HPAGE_PUD_MASK,
2779 				(address & HPAGE_PUD_MASK) + HPAGE_PUD_SIZE);
2780 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
2781 	ptl = pud_lock(vma->vm_mm, pud);
2782 	if (unlikely(!pud_trans_huge(*pud)))
2783 		goto out;
2784 	__split_huge_pud_locked(vma, pud, range.start);
2785 
2786 out:
2787 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2788 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
2789 }
2790 #else
2791 void __split_huge_pud(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
2792 		unsigned long address)
2793 {
2794 }
2795 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_PUD */
2796 
2797 static void __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2798 		unsigned long haddr, pmd_t *pmd)
2799 {
2800 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2801 	pgtable_t pgtable;
2802 	pmd_t _pmd, old_pmd;
2803 	unsigned long addr;
2804 	pte_t *pte;
2805 	int i;
2806 
2807 	/*
2808 	 * Leave pmd empty until pte is filled note that it is fine to delay
2809 	 * notification until mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end() as we are
2810 	 * replacing a zero pmd write protected page with a zero pte write
2811 	 * protected page.
2812 	 *
2813 	 * See Documentation/mm/mmu_notifier.rst
2814 	 */
2815 	old_pmd = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, pmd);
2816 
2817 	pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
2818 	pmd_populate(mm, &_pmd, pgtable);
2819 
2820 	pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, haddr);
2821 	VM_BUG_ON(!pte);
2822 	for (i = 0, addr = haddr; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2823 		pte_t entry;
2824 
2825 		entry = pfn_pte(my_zero_pfn(addr), vma->vm_page_prot);
2826 		entry = pte_mkspecial(entry);
2827 		if (pmd_uffd_wp(old_pmd))
2828 			entry = pte_mkuffd_wp(entry);
2829 		VM_BUG_ON(!pte_none(ptep_get(pte)));
2830 		set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, entry);
2831 		pte++;
2832 	}
2833 	pte_unmap(pte - 1);
2834 	smp_wmb(); /* make pte visible before pmd */
2835 	pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
2836 }
2837 
2838 static void __split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
2839 		unsigned long haddr, bool freeze)
2840 {
2841 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
2842 	struct folio *folio;
2843 	struct page *page;
2844 	pgtable_t pgtable;
2845 	pmd_t old_pmd, _pmd;
2846 	bool young, write, soft_dirty, pmd_migration = false, uffd_wp = false;
2847 	bool anon_exclusive = false, dirty = false;
2848 	unsigned long addr;
2849 	pte_t *pte;
2850 	int i;
2851 
2852 	VM_BUG_ON(haddr & ~HPAGE_PMD_MASK);
2853 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_start > haddr, vma);
2854 	VM_BUG_ON_VMA(vma->vm_end < haddr + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE, vma);
2855 	VM_BUG_ON(!is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd) && !pmd_trans_huge(*pmd));
2856 
2857 	count_vm_event(THP_SPLIT_PMD);
2858 
2859 	if (!vma_is_anonymous(vma)) {
2860 		old_pmd = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, haddr, pmd);
2861 		/*
2862 		 * We are going to unmap this huge page. So
2863 		 * just go ahead and zap it
2864 		 */
2865 		if (arch_needs_pgtable_deposit())
2866 			zap_deposited_table(mm, pmd);
2867 		if (!vma_is_dax(vma) && vma_is_special_huge(vma))
2868 			return;
2869 		if (unlikely(is_pmd_migration_entry(old_pmd))) {
2870 			swp_entry_t entry;
2871 
2872 			entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(old_pmd);
2873 			folio = pfn_swap_entry_folio(entry);
2874 		} else if (is_huge_zero_pmd(old_pmd)) {
2875 			return;
2876 		} else {
2877 			page = pmd_page(old_pmd);
2878 			folio = page_folio(page);
2879 			if (!folio_test_dirty(folio) && pmd_dirty(old_pmd))
2880 				folio_mark_dirty(folio);
2881 			if (!folio_test_referenced(folio) && pmd_young(old_pmd))
2882 				folio_set_referenced(folio);
2883 			folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
2884 			folio_put(folio);
2885 		}
2886 		add_mm_counter(mm, mm_counter_file(folio), -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
2887 		return;
2888 	}
2889 
2890 	if (is_huge_zero_pmd(*pmd)) {
2891 		/*
2892 		 * FIXME: Do we want to invalidate secondary mmu by calling
2893 		 * mmu_notifier_arch_invalidate_secondary_tlbs() see comments below
2894 		 * inside __split_huge_pmd() ?
2895 		 *
2896 		 * We are going from a zero huge page write protected to zero
2897 		 * small page also write protected so it does not seems useful
2898 		 * to invalidate secondary mmu at this time.
2899 		 */
2900 		return __split_huge_zero_page_pmd(vma, haddr, pmd);
2901 	}
2902 
2903 	pmd_migration = is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd);
2904 	if (unlikely(pmd_migration)) {
2905 		swp_entry_t entry;
2906 
2907 		old_pmd = *pmd;
2908 		entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(old_pmd);
2909 		page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
2910 		write = is_writable_migration_entry(entry);
2911 		if (PageAnon(page))
2912 			anon_exclusive = is_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(entry);
2913 		young = is_migration_entry_young(entry);
2914 		dirty = is_migration_entry_dirty(entry);
2915 		soft_dirty = pmd_swp_soft_dirty(old_pmd);
2916 		uffd_wp = pmd_swp_uffd_wp(old_pmd);
2917 	} else {
2918 		/*
2919 		 * Up to this point the pmd is present and huge and userland has
2920 		 * the whole access to the hugepage during the split (which
2921 		 * happens in place). If we overwrite the pmd with the not-huge
2922 		 * version pointing to the pte here (which of course we could if
2923 		 * all CPUs were bug free), userland could trigger a small page
2924 		 * size TLB miss on the small sized TLB while the hugepage TLB
2925 		 * entry is still established in the huge TLB. Some CPU doesn't
2926 		 * like that. See
2927 		 * http://support.amd.com/TechDocs/41322_10h_Rev_Gd.pdf, Erratum
2928 		 * 383 on page 105. Intel should be safe but is also warns that
2929 		 * it's only safe if the permission and cache attributes of the
2930 		 * two entries loaded in the two TLB is identical (which should
2931 		 * be the case here). But it is generally safer to never allow
2932 		 * small and huge TLB entries for the same virtual address to be
2933 		 * loaded simultaneously. So instead of doing "pmd_populate();
2934 		 * flush_pmd_tlb_range();" we first mark the current pmd
2935 		 * notpresent (atomically because here the pmd_trans_huge must
2936 		 * remain set at all times on the pmd until the split is
2937 		 * complete for this pmd), then we flush the SMP TLB and finally
2938 		 * we write the non-huge version of the pmd entry with
2939 		 * pmd_populate.
2940 		 */
2941 		old_pmd = pmdp_invalidate(vma, haddr, pmd);
2942 		page = pmd_page(old_pmd);
2943 		folio = page_folio(page);
2944 		if (pmd_dirty(old_pmd)) {
2945 			dirty = true;
2946 			folio_set_dirty(folio);
2947 		}
2948 		write = pmd_write(old_pmd);
2949 		young = pmd_young(old_pmd);
2950 		soft_dirty = pmd_soft_dirty(old_pmd);
2951 		uffd_wp = pmd_uffd_wp(old_pmd);
2952 
2953 		VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_ref_count(folio), folio);
2954 		VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_anon(folio), folio);
2955 
2956 		/*
2957 		 * Without "freeze", we'll simply split the PMD, propagating the
2958 		 * PageAnonExclusive() flag for each PTE by setting it for
2959 		 * each subpage -- no need to (temporarily) clear.
2960 		 *
2961 		 * With "freeze" we want to replace mapped pages by
2962 		 * migration entries right away. This is only possible if we
2963 		 * managed to clear PageAnonExclusive() -- see
2964 		 * set_pmd_migration_entry().
2965 		 *
2966 		 * In case we cannot clear PageAnonExclusive(), split the PMD
2967 		 * only and let try_to_migrate_one() fail later.
2968 		 *
2969 		 * See folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(): invalidate PMD first.
2970 		 */
2971 		anon_exclusive = PageAnonExclusive(page);
2972 		if (freeze && anon_exclusive &&
2973 		    folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(folio, page))
2974 			freeze = false;
2975 		if (!freeze) {
2976 			rmap_t rmap_flags = RMAP_NONE;
2977 
2978 			folio_ref_add(folio, HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1);
2979 			if (anon_exclusive)
2980 				rmap_flags |= RMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
2981 			folio_add_anon_rmap_ptes(folio, page, HPAGE_PMD_NR,
2982 						 vma, haddr, rmap_flags);
2983 		}
2984 	}
2985 
2986 	/*
2987 	 * Withdraw the table only after we mark the pmd entry invalid.
2988 	 * This's critical for some architectures (Power).
2989 	 */
2990 	pgtable = pgtable_trans_huge_withdraw(mm, pmd);
2991 	pmd_populate(mm, &_pmd, pgtable);
2992 
2993 	pte = pte_offset_map(&_pmd, haddr);
2994 	VM_BUG_ON(!pte);
2995 
2996 	/*
2997 	 * Note that NUMA hinting access restrictions are not transferred to
2998 	 * avoid any possibility of altering permissions across VMAs.
2999 	 */
3000 	if (freeze || pmd_migration) {
3001 		for (i = 0, addr = haddr; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
3002 			pte_t entry;
3003 			swp_entry_t swp_entry;
3004 
3005 			if (write)
3006 				swp_entry = make_writable_migration_entry(
3007 							page_to_pfn(page + i));
3008 			else if (anon_exclusive)
3009 				swp_entry = make_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(
3010 							page_to_pfn(page + i));
3011 			else
3012 				swp_entry = make_readable_migration_entry(
3013 							page_to_pfn(page + i));
3014 			if (young)
3015 				swp_entry = make_migration_entry_young(swp_entry);
3016 			if (dirty)
3017 				swp_entry = make_migration_entry_dirty(swp_entry);
3018 			entry = swp_entry_to_pte(swp_entry);
3019 			if (soft_dirty)
3020 				entry = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(entry);
3021 			if (uffd_wp)
3022 				entry = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(entry);
3023 
3024 			VM_WARN_ON(!pte_none(ptep_get(pte + i)));
3025 			set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte + i, entry);
3026 		}
3027 	} else {
3028 		pte_t entry;
3029 
3030 		entry = mk_pte(page, READ_ONCE(vma->vm_page_prot));
3031 		if (write)
3032 			entry = pte_mkwrite(entry, vma);
3033 		if (!young)
3034 			entry = pte_mkold(entry);
3035 		/* NOTE: this may set soft-dirty too on some archs */
3036 		if (dirty)
3037 			entry = pte_mkdirty(entry);
3038 		if (soft_dirty)
3039 			entry = pte_mksoft_dirty(entry);
3040 		if (uffd_wp)
3041 			entry = pte_mkuffd_wp(entry);
3042 
3043 		for (i = 0; i < HPAGE_PMD_NR; i++)
3044 			VM_WARN_ON(!pte_none(ptep_get(pte + i)));
3045 
3046 		set_ptes(mm, haddr, pte, entry, HPAGE_PMD_NR);
3047 	}
3048 	pte_unmap(pte);
3049 
3050 	if (!pmd_migration)
3051 		folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
3052 	if (freeze)
3053 		put_page(page);
3054 
3055 	smp_wmb(); /* make pte visible before pmd */
3056 	pmd_populate(mm, pmd, pgtable);
3057 }
3058 
3059 void split_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
3060 			   pmd_t *pmd, bool freeze)
3061 {
3062 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!IS_ALIGNED(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE));
3063 	if (pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) || is_pmd_migration_entry(*pmd))
3064 		__split_huge_pmd_locked(vma, pmd, address, freeze);
3065 }
3066 
3067 void __split_huge_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
3068 		unsigned long address, bool freeze)
3069 {
3070 	spinlock_t *ptl;
3071 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
3072 
3073 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma->vm_mm,
3074 				address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK,
3075 				(address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK) + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
3076 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
3077 	ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd);
3078 	split_huge_pmd_locked(vma, range.start, pmd, freeze);
3079 	spin_unlock(ptl);
3080 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
3081 }
3082 
3083 void split_huge_pmd_address(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
3084 		bool freeze)
3085 {
3086 	pmd_t *pmd = mm_find_pmd(vma->vm_mm, address);
3087 
3088 	if (!pmd)
3089 		return;
3090 
3091 	__split_huge_pmd(vma, pmd, address, freeze);
3092 }
3093 
3094 static inline void split_huge_pmd_if_needed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address)
3095 {
3096 	/*
3097 	 * If the new address isn't hpage aligned and it could previously
3098 	 * contain an hugepage: check if we need to split an huge pmd.
3099 	 */
3100 	if (!IS_ALIGNED(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) &&
3101 	    range_in_vma(vma, ALIGN_DOWN(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE),
3102 			 ALIGN(address, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE)))
3103 		split_huge_pmd_address(vma, address, false);
3104 }
3105 
3106 void vma_adjust_trans_huge(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3107 			   unsigned long start,
3108 			   unsigned long end,
3109 			   struct vm_area_struct *next)
3110 {
3111 	/* Check if we need to split start first. */
3112 	split_huge_pmd_if_needed(vma, start);
3113 
3114 	/* Check if we need to split end next. */
3115 	split_huge_pmd_if_needed(vma, end);
3116 
3117 	/* If we're incrementing next->vm_start, we might need to split it. */
3118 	if (next)
3119 		split_huge_pmd_if_needed(next, end);
3120 }
3121 
3122 static void unmap_folio(struct folio *folio)
3123 {
3124 	enum ttu_flags ttu_flags = TTU_RMAP_LOCKED | TTU_SYNC |
3125 		TTU_BATCH_FLUSH;
3126 
3127 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
3128 
3129 	if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
3130 		ttu_flags |= TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD;
3131 
3132 	/*
3133 	 * Anon pages need migration entries to preserve them, but file
3134 	 * pages can simply be left unmapped, then faulted back on demand.
3135 	 * If that is ever changed (perhaps for mlock), update remap_page().
3136 	 */
3137 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3138 		try_to_migrate(folio, ttu_flags);
3139 	else
3140 		try_to_unmap(folio, ttu_flags | TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK);
3141 
3142 	try_to_unmap_flush();
3143 }
3144 
3145 static bool __discard_anon_folio_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3146 					    unsigned long addr, pmd_t *pmdp,
3147 					    struct folio *folio)
3148 {
3149 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
3150 	int ref_count, map_count;
3151 	pmd_t orig_pmd = *pmdp;
3152 
3153 	if (pmd_dirty(orig_pmd))
3154 		folio_set_dirty(folio);
3155 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio) && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_DROPPABLE)) {
3156 		folio_set_swapbacked(folio);
3157 		return false;
3158 	}
3159 
3160 	orig_pmd = pmdp_huge_clear_flush(vma, addr, pmdp);
3161 
3162 	/*
3163 	 * Syncing against concurrent GUP-fast:
3164 	 * - clear PMD; barrier; read refcount
3165 	 * - inc refcount; barrier; read PMD
3166 	 */
3167 	smp_mb();
3168 
3169 	ref_count = folio_ref_count(folio);
3170 	map_count = folio_mapcount(folio);
3171 
3172 	/*
3173 	 * Order reads for folio refcount and dirty flag
3174 	 * (see comments in __remove_mapping()).
3175 	 */
3176 	smp_rmb();
3177 
3178 	/*
3179 	 * If the folio or its PMD is redirtied at this point, or if there
3180 	 * are unexpected references, we will give up to discard this folio
3181 	 * and remap it.
3182 	 *
3183 	 * The only folio refs must be one from isolation plus the rmap(s).
3184 	 */
3185 	if (pmd_dirty(orig_pmd))
3186 		folio_set_dirty(folio);
3187 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio) && !(vma->vm_flags & VM_DROPPABLE)) {
3188 		folio_set_swapbacked(folio);
3189 		set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmdp, orig_pmd);
3190 		return false;
3191 	}
3192 
3193 	if (ref_count != map_count + 1) {
3194 		set_pmd_at(mm, addr, pmdp, orig_pmd);
3195 		return false;
3196 	}
3197 
3198 	folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, pmd_page(orig_pmd), vma);
3199 	zap_deposited_table(mm, pmdp);
3200 	add_mm_counter(mm, MM_ANONPAGES, -HPAGE_PMD_NR);
3201 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
3202 		mlock_drain_local();
3203 	folio_put(folio);
3204 
3205 	return true;
3206 }
3207 
3208 bool unmap_huge_pmd_locked(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
3209 			   pmd_t *pmdp, struct folio *folio)
3210 {
3211 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio), folio);
3212 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
3213 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(!folio_test_anon(folio), folio);
3214 	VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_swapbacked(folio), folio);
3215 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!IS_ALIGNED(addr, HPAGE_PMD_SIZE));
3216 
3217 	return __discard_anon_folio_pmd_locked(vma, addr, pmdp, folio);
3218 }
3219 
3220 static void remap_page(struct folio *folio, unsigned long nr, int flags)
3221 {
3222 	int i = 0;
3223 
3224 	/* If unmap_folio() uses try_to_migrate() on file, remove this check */
3225 	if (!folio_test_anon(folio))
3226 		return;
3227 	for (;;) {
3228 		remove_migration_ptes(folio, folio, RMP_LOCKED | flags);
3229 		i += folio_nr_pages(folio);
3230 		if (i >= nr)
3231 			break;
3232 		folio = folio_next(folio);
3233 	}
3234 }
3235 
3236 static void lru_add_split_folio(struct folio *folio, struct folio *new_folio,
3237 		struct lruvec *lruvec, struct list_head *list)
3238 {
3239 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_lru(new_folio), folio);
3240 	lockdep_assert_held(&lruvec->lru_lock);
3241 
3242 	if (list) {
3243 		/* page reclaim is reclaiming a huge page */
3244 		VM_WARN_ON(folio_test_lru(folio));
3245 		folio_get(new_folio);
3246 		list_add_tail(&new_folio->lru, list);
3247 	} else {
3248 		/* head is still on lru (and we have it frozen) */
3249 		VM_WARN_ON(!folio_test_lru(folio));
3250 		if (folio_test_unevictable(folio))
3251 			new_folio->mlock_count = 0;
3252 		else
3253 			list_add_tail(&new_folio->lru, &folio->lru);
3254 		folio_set_lru(new_folio);
3255 	}
3256 }
3257 
3258 /* Racy check whether the huge page can be split */
3259 bool can_split_folio(struct folio *folio, int caller_pins, int *pextra_pins)
3260 {
3261 	int extra_pins;
3262 
3263 	/* Additional pins from page cache */
3264 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3265 		extra_pins = folio_test_swapcache(folio) ?
3266 				folio_nr_pages(folio) : 0;
3267 	else
3268 		extra_pins = folio_nr_pages(folio);
3269 	if (pextra_pins)
3270 		*pextra_pins = extra_pins;
3271 	return folio_mapcount(folio) == folio_ref_count(folio) - extra_pins -
3272 					caller_pins;
3273 }
3274 
3275 /*
3276  * It splits @folio into @new_order folios and copies the @folio metadata to
3277  * all the resulting folios.
3278  */
3279 static void __split_folio_to_order(struct folio *folio, int old_order,
3280 		int new_order)
3281 {
3282 	long new_nr_pages = 1 << new_order;
3283 	long nr_pages = 1 << old_order;
3284 	long i;
3285 
3286 	/*
3287 	 * Skip the first new_nr_pages, since the new folio from them have all
3288 	 * the flags from the original folio.
3289 	 */
3290 	for (i = new_nr_pages; i < nr_pages; i += new_nr_pages) {
3291 		struct page *new_head = &folio->page + i;
3292 
3293 		/*
3294 		 * Careful: new_folio is not a "real" folio before we cleared PageTail.
3295 		 * Don't pass it around before clear_compound_head().
3296 		 */
3297 		struct folio *new_folio = (struct folio *)new_head;
3298 
3299 		VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(atomic_read(&new_folio->_mapcount) != -1, new_head);
3300 
3301 		/*
3302 		 * Clone page flags before unfreezing refcount.
3303 		 *
3304 		 * After successful get_page_unless_zero() might follow flags change,
3305 		 * for example lock_page() which set PG_waiters.
3306 		 *
3307 		 * Note that for mapped sub-pages of an anonymous THP,
3308 		 * PG_anon_exclusive has been cleared in unmap_folio() and is stored in
3309 		 * the migration entry instead from where remap_page() will restore it.
3310 		 * We can still have PG_anon_exclusive set on effectively unmapped and
3311 		 * unreferenced sub-pages of an anonymous THP: we can simply drop
3312 		 * PG_anon_exclusive (-> PG_mappedtodisk) for these here.
3313 		 */
3314 		new_folio->flags.f &= ~PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP;
3315 		new_folio->flags.f |= (folio->flags.f &
3316 				((1L << PG_referenced) |
3317 				 (1L << PG_swapbacked) |
3318 				 (1L << PG_swapcache) |
3319 				 (1L << PG_mlocked) |
3320 				 (1L << PG_uptodate) |
3321 				 (1L << PG_active) |
3322 				 (1L << PG_workingset) |
3323 				 (1L << PG_locked) |
3324 				 (1L << PG_unevictable) |
3325 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_USES_PG_ARCH_2
3326 				 (1L << PG_arch_2) |
3327 #endif
3328 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_USES_PG_ARCH_3
3329 				 (1L << PG_arch_3) |
3330 #endif
3331 				 (1L << PG_dirty) |
3332 				 LRU_GEN_MASK | LRU_REFS_MASK));
3333 
3334 		new_folio->mapping = folio->mapping;
3335 		new_folio->index = folio->index + i;
3336 
3337 		/*
3338 		 * page->private should not be set in tail pages. Fix up and warn once
3339 		 * if private is unexpectedly set.
3340 		 */
3341 		if (unlikely(new_folio->private)) {
3342 			VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_PAGE(true, new_head);
3343 			new_folio->private = NULL;
3344 		}
3345 
3346 		if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
3347 			new_folio->swap.val = folio->swap.val + i;
3348 
3349 		/* Page flags must be visible before we make the page non-compound. */
3350 		smp_wmb();
3351 
3352 		/*
3353 		 * Clear PageTail before unfreezing page refcount.
3354 		 *
3355 		 * After successful get_page_unless_zero() might follow put_page()
3356 		 * which needs correct compound_head().
3357 		 */
3358 		clear_compound_head(new_head);
3359 		if (new_order) {
3360 			prep_compound_page(new_head, new_order);
3361 			folio_set_large_rmappable(new_folio);
3362 		}
3363 
3364 		if (folio_test_young(folio))
3365 			folio_set_young(new_folio);
3366 		if (folio_test_idle(folio))
3367 			folio_set_idle(new_folio);
3368 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
3369 		new_folio->memcg_data = folio->memcg_data;
3370 #endif
3371 
3372 		folio_xchg_last_cpupid(new_folio, folio_last_cpupid(folio));
3373 	}
3374 
3375 	if (new_order)
3376 		folio_set_order(folio, new_order);
3377 	else
3378 		ClearPageCompound(&folio->page);
3379 }
3380 
3381 /*
3382  * It splits an unmapped @folio to lower order smaller folios in two ways.
3383  * @folio: the to-be-split folio
3384  * @new_order: the smallest order of the after split folios (since buddy
3385  *             allocator like split generates folios with orders from @folio's
3386  *             order - 1 to new_order).
3387  * @split_at: in buddy allocator like split, the folio containing @split_at
3388  *            will be split until its order becomes @new_order.
3389  * @xas: xa_state pointing to folio->mapping->i_pages and locked by caller
3390  * @mapping: @folio->mapping
3391  * @uniform_split: if the split is uniform or not (buddy allocator like split)
3392  *
3393  *
3394  * 1. uniform split: the given @folio into multiple @new_order small folios,
3395  *    where all small folios have the same order. This is done when
3396  *    uniform_split is true.
3397  * 2. buddy allocator like (non-uniform) split: the given @folio is split into
3398  *    half and one of the half (containing the given page) is split into half
3399  *    until the given @page's order becomes @new_order. This is done when
3400  *    uniform_split is false.
3401  *
3402  * The high level flow for these two methods are:
3403  * 1. uniform split: a single __split_folio_to_order() is called to split the
3404  *    @folio into @new_order, then we traverse all the resulting folios one by
3405  *    one in PFN ascending order and perform stats, unfreeze, adding to list,
3406  *    and file mapping index operations.
3407  * 2. non-uniform split: in general, folio_order - @new_order calls to
3408  *    __split_folio_to_order() are made in a for loop to split the @folio
3409  *    to one lower order at a time. The resulting small folios are processed
3410  *    like what is done during the traversal in 1, except the one containing
3411  *    @page, which is split in next for loop.
3412  *
3413  * After splitting, the caller's folio reference will be transferred to the
3414  * folio containing @page. The caller needs to unlock and/or free after-split
3415  * folios if necessary.
3416  *
3417  * For !uniform_split, when -ENOMEM is returned, the original folio might be
3418  * split. The caller needs to check the input folio.
3419  */
3420 static int __split_unmapped_folio(struct folio *folio, int new_order,
3421 		struct page *split_at, struct xa_state *xas,
3422 		struct address_space *mapping, bool uniform_split)
3423 {
3424 	int order = folio_order(folio);
3425 	int start_order = uniform_split ? new_order : order - 1;
3426 	bool stop_split = false;
3427 	struct folio *next;
3428 	int split_order;
3429 	int ret = 0;
3430 
3431 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3432 		mod_mthp_stat(order, MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON, -1);
3433 
3434 	folio_clear_has_hwpoisoned(folio);
3435 
3436 	/*
3437 	 * split to new_order one order at a time. For uniform split,
3438 	 * folio is split to new_order directly.
3439 	 */
3440 	for (split_order = start_order;
3441 	     split_order >= new_order && !stop_split;
3442 	     split_order--) {
3443 		struct folio *end_folio = folio_next(folio);
3444 		int old_order = folio_order(folio);
3445 		struct folio *new_folio;
3446 
3447 		/* order-1 anonymous folio is not supported */
3448 		if (folio_test_anon(folio) && split_order == 1)
3449 			continue;
3450 		if (uniform_split && split_order != new_order)
3451 			continue;
3452 
3453 		if (mapping) {
3454 			/*
3455 			 * uniform split has xas_split_alloc() called before
3456 			 * irq is disabled to allocate enough memory, whereas
3457 			 * non-uniform split can handle ENOMEM.
3458 			 */
3459 			if (uniform_split)
3460 				xas_split(xas, folio, old_order);
3461 			else {
3462 				xas_set_order(xas, folio->index, split_order);
3463 				xas_try_split(xas, folio, old_order);
3464 				if (xas_error(xas)) {
3465 					ret = xas_error(xas);
3466 					stop_split = true;
3467 				}
3468 			}
3469 		}
3470 
3471 		if (!stop_split) {
3472 			folio_split_memcg_refs(folio, old_order, split_order);
3473 			split_page_owner(&folio->page, old_order, split_order);
3474 			pgalloc_tag_split(folio, old_order, split_order);
3475 
3476 			__split_folio_to_order(folio, old_order, split_order);
3477 		}
3478 
3479 		/*
3480 		 * Iterate through after-split folios and update folio stats.
3481 		 * But in buddy allocator like split, the folio
3482 		 * containing the specified page is skipped until its order
3483 		 * is new_order, since the folio will be worked on in next
3484 		 * iteration.
3485 		 */
3486 		for (new_folio = folio; new_folio != end_folio; new_folio = next) {
3487 			next = folio_next(new_folio);
3488 			/*
3489 			 * for buddy allocator like split, new_folio containing
3490 			 * @split_at page could be split again, thus do not
3491 			 * change stats yet. Wait until new_folio's order is
3492 			 * @new_order or stop_split is set to true by the above
3493 			 * xas_split() failure.
3494 			 */
3495 			if (new_folio == page_folio(split_at)) {
3496 				folio = new_folio;
3497 				if (split_order != new_order && !stop_split)
3498 					continue;
3499 			}
3500 			if (folio_test_anon(new_folio))
3501 				mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(new_folio),
3502 					      MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON, 1);
3503 		}
3504 	}
3505 
3506 	return ret;
3507 }
3508 
3509 bool non_uniform_split_supported(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3510 		bool warns)
3511 {
3512 	if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
3513 		/* order-1 is not supported for anonymous THP. */
3514 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns && new_order == 1,
3515 				"Cannot split to order-1 folio");
3516 		return new_order != 1;
3517 	} else if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS) &&
3518 	    !mapping_large_folio_support(folio->mapping)) {
3519 		/*
3520 		 * No split if the file system does not support large folio.
3521 		 * Note that we might still have THPs in such mappings due to
3522 		 * CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS. But in that case, the mapping
3523 		 * does not actually support large folios properly.
3524 		 */
3525 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3526 			"Cannot split file folio to non-0 order");
3527 		return false;
3528 	}
3529 
3530 	/* Only swapping a whole PMD-mapped folio is supported */
3531 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
3532 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3533 			"Cannot split swapcache folio to non-0 order");
3534 		return false;
3535 	}
3536 
3537 	return true;
3538 }
3539 
3540 /* See comments in non_uniform_split_supported() */
3541 bool uniform_split_supported(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3542 		bool warns)
3543 {
3544 	if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
3545 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns && new_order == 1,
3546 				"Cannot split to order-1 folio");
3547 		return new_order != 1;
3548 	} else  if (new_order) {
3549 		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_READ_ONLY_THP_FOR_FS) &&
3550 		    !mapping_large_folio_support(folio->mapping)) {
3551 			VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3552 				"Cannot split file folio to non-0 order");
3553 			return false;
3554 		}
3555 	}
3556 
3557 	if (new_order && folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
3558 		VM_WARN_ONCE(warns,
3559 			"Cannot split swapcache folio to non-0 order");
3560 		return false;
3561 	}
3562 
3563 	return true;
3564 }
3565 
3566 /*
3567  * __folio_split: split a folio at @split_at to a @new_order folio
3568  * @folio: folio to split
3569  * @new_order: the order of the new folio
3570  * @split_at: a page within the new folio
3571  * @lock_at: a page within @folio to be left locked to caller
3572  * @list: after-split folios will be put on it if non NULL
3573  * @uniform_split: perform uniform split or not (non-uniform split)
3574  *
3575  * It calls __split_unmapped_folio() to perform uniform and non-uniform split.
3576  * It is in charge of checking whether the split is supported or not and
3577  * preparing @folio for __split_unmapped_folio().
3578  *
3579  * After splitting, the after-split folio containing @lock_at remains locked
3580  * and others are unlocked:
3581  * 1. for uniform split, @lock_at points to one of @folio's subpages;
3582  * 2. for buddy allocator like (non-uniform) split, @lock_at points to @folio.
3583  *
3584  * return: 0: successful, <0 failed (if -ENOMEM is returned, @folio might be
3585  * split but not to @new_order, the caller needs to check)
3586  */
3587 static int __folio_split(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3588 		struct page *split_at, struct page *lock_at,
3589 		struct list_head *list, bool uniform_split)
3590 {
3591 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = get_deferred_split_queue(folio);
3592 	XA_STATE(xas, &folio->mapping->i_pages, folio->index);
3593 	struct folio *end_folio = folio_next(folio);
3594 	bool is_anon = folio_test_anon(folio);
3595 	struct address_space *mapping = NULL;
3596 	struct anon_vma *anon_vma = NULL;
3597 	int order = folio_order(folio);
3598 	struct folio *new_folio, *next;
3599 	int nr_shmem_dropped = 0;
3600 	int remap_flags = 0;
3601 	int extra_pins, ret;
3602 	pgoff_t end;
3603 	bool is_hzp;
3604 
3605 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_FOLIO(!folio_test_locked(folio), folio);
3606 	VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_FOLIO(!folio_test_large(folio), folio);
3607 
3608 	if (folio != page_folio(split_at) || folio != page_folio(lock_at))
3609 		return -EINVAL;
3610 
3611 	if (new_order >= folio_order(folio))
3612 		return -EINVAL;
3613 
3614 	if (uniform_split && !uniform_split_supported(folio, new_order, true))
3615 		return -EINVAL;
3616 
3617 	if (!uniform_split &&
3618 	    !non_uniform_split_supported(folio, new_order, true))
3619 		return -EINVAL;
3620 
3621 	is_hzp = is_huge_zero_folio(folio);
3622 	if (is_hzp) {
3623 		pr_warn_ratelimited("Called split_huge_page for huge zero page\n");
3624 		return -EBUSY;
3625 	}
3626 
3627 	if (folio_test_writeback(folio))
3628 		return -EBUSY;
3629 
3630 	if (is_anon) {
3631 		/*
3632 		 * The caller does not necessarily hold an mmap_lock that would
3633 		 * prevent the anon_vma disappearing so we first we take a
3634 		 * reference to it and then lock the anon_vma for write. This
3635 		 * is similar to folio_lock_anon_vma_read except the write lock
3636 		 * is taken to serialise against parallel split or collapse
3637 		 * operations.
3638 		 */
3639 		anon_vma = folio_get_anon_vma(folio);
3640 		if (!anon_vma) {
3641 			ret = -EBUSY;
3642 			goto out;
3643 		}
3644 		mapping = NULL;
3645 		anon_vma_lock_write(anon_vma);
3646 	} else {
3647 		unsigned int min_order;
3648 		gfp_t gfp;
3649 
3650 		mapping = folio->mapping;
3651 
3652 		/* Truncated ? */
3653 		/*
3654 		 * TODO: add support for large shmem folio in swap cache.
3655 		 * When shmem is in swap cache, mapping is NULL and
3656 		 * folio_test_swapcache() is true.
3657 		 */
3658 		if (!mapping) {
3659 			ret = -EBUSY;
3660 			goto out;
3661 		}
3662 
3663 		min_order = mapping_min_folio_order(folio->mapping);
3664 		if (new_order < min_order) {
3665 			VM_WARN_ONCE(1, "Cannot split mapped folio below min-order: %u",
3666 				     min_order);
3667 			ret = -EINVAL;
3668 			goto out;
3669 		}
3670 
3671 		gfp = current_gfp_context(mapping_gfp_mask(mapping) &
3672 							GFP_RECLAIM_MASK);
3673 
3674 		if (!filemap_release_folio(folio, gfp)) {
3675 			ret = -EBUSY;
3676 			goto out;
3677 		}
3678 
3679 		if (uniform_split) {
3680 			xas_set_order(&xas, folio->index, new_order);
3681 			xas_split_alloc(&xas, folio, folio_order(folio), gfp);
3682 			if (xas_error(&xas)) {
3683 				ret = xas_error(&xas);
3684 				goto out;
3685 			}
3686 		}
3687 
3688 		anon_vma = NULL;
3689 		i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
3690 
3691 		/*
3692 		 *__split_unmapped_folio() may need to trim off pages beyond
3693 		 * EOF: but on 32-bit, i_size_read() takes an irq-unsafe
3694 		 * seqlock, which cannot be nested inside the page tree lock.
3695 		 * So note end now: i_size itself may be changed at any moment,
3696 		 * but folio lock is good enough to serialize the trimming.
3697 		 */
3698 		end = DIV_ROUND_UP(i_size_read(mapping->host), PAGE_SIZE);
3699 		if (shmem_mapping(mapping))
3700 			end = shmem_fallocend(mapping->host, end);
3701 	}
3702 
3703 	/*
3704 	 * Racy check if we can split the page, before unmap_folio() will
3705 	 * split PMDs
3706 	 */
3707 	if (!can_split_folio(folio, 1, &extra_pins)) {
3708 		ret = -EAGAIN;
3709 		goto out_unlock;
3710 	}
3711 
3712 	unmap_folio(folio);
3713 
3714 	/* block interrupt reentry in xa_lock and spinlock */
3715 	local_irq_disable();
3716 	if (mapping) {
3717 		/*
3718 		 * Check if the folio is present in page cache.
3719 		 * We assume all tail are present too, if folio is there.
3720 		 */
3721 		xas_lock(&xas);
3722 		xas_reset(&xas);
3723 		if (xas_load(&xas) != folio) {
3724 			ret = -EAGAIN;
3725 			goto fail;
3726 		}
3727 	}
3728 
3729 	/* Prevent deferred_split_scan() touching ->_refcount */
3730 	spin_lock(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock);
3731 	if (folio_ref_freeze(folio, 1 + extra_pins)) {
3732 		struct swap_cluster_info *ci = NULL;
3733 		struct lruvec *lruvec;
3734 		int expected_refs;
3735 
3736 		if (folio_order(folio) > 1 &&
3737 		    !list_empty(&folio->_deferred_list)) {
3738 			ds_queue->split_queue_len--;
3739 			if (folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
3740 				folio_clear_partially_mapped(folio);
3741 				mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio),
3742 					      MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, -1);
3743 			}
3744 			/*
3745 			 * Reinitialize page_deferred_list after removing the
3746 			 * page from the split_queue, otherwise a subsequent
3747 			 * split will see list corruption when checking the
3748 			 * page_deferred_list.
3749 			 */
3750 			list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
3751 		}
3752 		spin_unlock(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock);
3753 		if (mapping) {
3754 			int nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
3755 
3756 			if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio) &&
3757 			    new_order < HPAGE_PMD_ORDER) {
3758 				if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio)) {
3759 					__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio,
3760 							NR_SHMEM_THPS, -nr);
3761 				} else {
3762 					__lruvec_stat_mod_folio(folio,
3763 							NR_FILE_THPS, -nr);
3764 					filemap_nr_thps_dec(mapping);
3765 				}
3766 			}
3767 		}
3768 
3769 		if (folio_test_swapcache(folio)) {
3770 			if (mapping) {
3771 				VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_FOLIO(mapping, folio);
3772 				ret = -EINVAL;
3773 				goto fail;
3774 			}
3775 
3776 			ci = swap_cluster_get_and_lock(folio);
3777 		}
3778 
3779 		/* lock lru list/PageCompound, ref frozen by page_ref_freeze */
3780 		lruvec = folio_lruvec_lock(folio);
3781 
3782 		ret = __split_unmapped_folio(folio, new_order, split_at, &xas,
3783 					     mapping, uniform_split);
3784 
3785 		/*
3786 		 * Unfreeze after-split folios and put them back to the right
3787 		 * list. @folio should be kept frozon until page cache
3788 		 * entries are updated with all the other after-split folios
3789 		 * to prevent others seeing stale page cache entries.
3790 		 * As a result, new_folio starts from the next folio of
3791 		 * @folio.
3792 		 */
3793 		for (new_folio = folio_next(folio); new_folio != end_folio;
3794 		     new_folio = next) {
3795 			unsigned long nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(new_folio);
3796 
3797 			next = folio_next(new_folio);
3798 
3799 			expected_refs = folio_expected_ref_count(new_folio) + 1;
3800 			folio_ref_unfreeze(new_folio, expected_refs);
3801 
3802 			lru_add_split_folio(folio, new_folio, lruvec, list);
3803 
3804 			/*
3805 			 * Anonymous folio with swap cache.
3806 			 * NOTE: shmem in swap cache is not supported yet.
3807 			 */
3808 			if (ci) {
3809 				__swap_cache_replace_folio(ci, folio, new_folio);
3810 				continue;
3811 			}
3812 
3813 			/* Anonymous folio without swap cache */
3814 			if (!mapping)
3815 				continue;
3816 
3817 			/* Add the new folio to the page cache. */
3818 			if (new_folio->index < end) {
3819 				__xa_store(&mapping->i_pages, new_folio->index,
3820 					   new_folio, 0);
3821 				continue;
3822 			}
3823 
3824 			/* Drop folio beyond EOF: ->index >= end */
3825 			if (shmem_mapping(mapping))
3826 				nr_shmem_dropped += nr_pages;
3827 			else if (folio_test_clear_dirty(new_folio))
3828 				folio_account_cleaned(
3829 					new_folio, inode_to_wb(mapping->host));
3830 			__filemap_remove_folio(new_folio, NULL);
3831 			folio_put_refs(new_folio, nr_pages);
3832 		}
3833 		/*
3834 		 * Unfreeze @folio only after all page cache entries, which
3835 		 * used to point to it, have been updated with new folios.
3836 		 * Otherwise, a parallel folio_try_get() can grab @folio
3837 		 * and its caller can see stale page cache entries.
3838 		 */
3839 		expected_refs = folio_expected_ref_count(folio) + 1;
3840 		folio_ref_unfreeze(folio, expected_refs);
3841 
3842 		unlock_page_lruvec(lruvec);
3843 
3844 		if (ci)
3845 			swap_cluster_unlock(ci);
3846 	} else {
3847 		spin_unlock(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock);
3848 		ret = -EAGAIN;
3849 	}
3850 fail:
3851 	if (mapping)
3852 		xas_unlock(&xas);
3853 
3854 	local_irq_enable();
3855 
3856 	if (nr_shmem_dropped)
3857 		shmem_uncharge(mapping->host, nr_shmem_dropped);
3858 
3859 	if (!ret && is_anon)
3860 		remap_flags = RMP_USE_SHARED_ZEROPAGE;
3861 	remap_page(folio, 1 << order, remap_flags);
3862 
3863 	/*
3864 	 * Unlock all after-split folios except the one containing
3865 	 * @lock_at page. If @folio is not split, it will be kept locked.
3866 	 */
3867 	for (new_folio = folio; new_folio != end_folio; new_folio = next) {
3868 		next = folio_next(new_folio);
3869 		if (new_folio == page_folio(lock_at))
3870 			continue;
3871 
3872 		folio_unlock(new_folio);
3873 		/*
3874 		 * Subpages may be freed if there wasn't any mapping
3875 		 * like if add_to_swap() is running on a lru page that
3876 		 * had its mapping zapped. And freeing these pages
3877 		 * requires taking the lru_lock so we do the put_page
3878 		 * of the tail pages after the split is complete.
3879 		 */
3880 		free_folio_and_swap_cache(new_folio);
3881 	}
3882 
3883 out_unlock:
3884 	if (anon_vma) {
3885 		anon_vma_unlock_write(anon_vma);
3886 		put_anon_vma(anon_vma);
3887 	}
3888 	if (mapping)
3889 		i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
3890 out:
3891 	xas_destroy(&xas);
3892 	if (order == HPAGE_PMD_ORDER)
3893 		count_vm_event(!ret ? THP_SPLIT_PAGE : THP_SPLIT_PAGE_FAILED);
3894 	count_mthp_stat(order, !ret ? MTHP_STAT_SPLIT : MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_FAILED);
3895 	return ret;
3896 }
3897 
3898 /*
3899  * This function splits a large folio into smaller folios of order @new_order.
3900  * @page can point to any page of the large folio to split. The split operation
3901  * does not change the position of @page.
3902  *
3903  * Prerequisites:
3904  *
3905  * 1) The caller must hold a reference on the @page's owning folio, also known
3906  *    as the large folio.
3907  *
3908  * 2) The large folio must be locked.
3909  *
3910  * 3) The folio must not be pinned. Any unexpected folio references, including
3911  *    GUP pins, will result in the folio not getting split; instead, the caller
3912  *    will receive an -EAGAIN.
3913  *
3914  * 4) @new_order > 1, usually. Splitting to order-1 anonymous folios is not
3915  *    supported for non-file-backed folios, because folio->_deferred_list, which
3916  *    is used by partially mapped folios, is stored in subpage 2, but an order-1
3917  *    folio only has subpages 0 and 1. File-backed order-1 folios are supported,
3918  *    since they do not use _deferred_list.
3919  *
3920  * After splitting, the caller's folio reference will be transferred to @page,
3921  * resulting in a raised refcount of @page after this call. The other pages may
3922  * be freed if they are not mapped.
3923  *
3924  * If @list is null, tail pages will be added to LRU list, otherwise, to @list.
3925  *
3926  * Pages in @new_order will inherit the mapping, flags, and so on from the
3927  * huge page.
3928  *
3929  * Returns 0 if the huge page was split successfully.
3930  *
3931  * Returns -EAGAIN if the folio has unexpected reference (e.g., GUP) or if
3932  * the folio was concurrently removed from the page cache.
3933  *
3934  * Returns -EBUSY when trying to split the huge zeropage, if the folio is
3935  * under writeback, if fs-specific folio metadata cannot currently be
3936  * released, or if some unexpected race happened (e.g., anon VMA disappeared,
3937  * truncation).
3938  *
3939  * Callers should ensure that the order respects the address space mapping
3940  * min-order if one is set for non-anonymous folios.
3941  *
3942  * Returns -EINVAL when trying to split to an order that is incompatible
3943  * with the folio. Splitting to order 0 is compatible with all folios.
3944  */
3945 int split_huge_page_to_list_to_order(struct page *page, struct list_head *list,
3946 				     unsigned int new_order)
3947 {
3948 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
3949 
3950 	return __folio_split(folio, new_order, &folio->page, page, list, true);
3951 }
3952 
3953 /*
3954  * folio_split: split a folio at @split_at to a @new_order folio
3955  * @folio: folio to split
3956  * @new_order: the order of the new folio
3957  * @split_at: a page within the new folio
3958  *
3959  * return: 0: successful, <0 failed (if -ENOMEM is returned, @folio might be
3960  * split but not to @new_order, the caller needs to check)
3961  *
3962  * It has the same prerequisites and returns as
3963  * split_huge_page_to_list_to_order().
3964  *
3965  * Split a folio at @split_at to a new_order folio, leave the
3966  * remaining subpages of the original folio as large as possible. For example,
3967  * in the case of splitting an order-9 folio at its third order-3 subpages to
3968  * an order-3 folio, there are 2^(9-3)=64 order-3 subpages in the order-9 folio.
3969  * After the split, there will be a group of folios with different orders and
3970  * the new folio containing @split_at is marked in bracket:
3971  * [order-4, {order-3}, order-3, order-5, order-6, order-7, order-8].
3972  *
3973  * After split, folio is left locked for caller.
3974  */
3975 int folio_split(struct folio *folio, unsigned int new_order,
3976 		struct page *split_at, struct list_head *list)
3977 {
3978 	return __folio_split(folio, new_order, split_at, &folio->page, list,
3979 			false);
3980 }
3981 
3982 int min_order_for_split(struct folio *folio)
3983 {
3984 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3985 		return 0;
3986 
3987 	if (!folio->mapping) {
3988 		if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
3989 			count_vm_event(THP_SPLIT_PAGE_FAILED);
3990 		return -EBUSY;
3991 	}
3992 
3993 	return mapping_min_folio_order(folio->mapping);
3994 }
3995 
3996 int split_folio_to_list(struct folio *folio, struct list_head *list)
3997 {
3998 	int ret = min_order_for_split(folio);
3999 
4000 	if (ret < 0)
4001 		return ret;
4002 
4003 	return split_huge_page_to_list_to_order(&folio->page, list, ret);
4004 }
4005 
4006 /*
4007  * __folio_unqueue_deferred_split() is not to be called directly:
4008  * the folio_unqueue_deferred_split() inline wrapper in mm/internal.h
4009  * limits its calls to those folios which may have a _deferred_list for
4010  * queueing THP splits, and that list is (racily observed to be) non-empty.
4011  *
4012  * It is unsafe to call folio_unqueue_deferred_split() until folio refcount is
4013  * zero: because even when split_queue_lock is held, a non-empty _deferred_list
4014  * might be in use on deferred_split_scan()'s unlocked on-stack list.
4015  *
4016  * If memory cgroups are enabled, split_queue_lock is in the mem_cgroup: it is
4017  * therefore important to unqueue deferred split before changing folio memcg.
4018  */
4019 bool __folio_unqueue_deferred_split(struct folio *folio)
4020 {
4021 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue;
4022 	unsigned long flags;
4023 	bool unqueued = false;
4024 
4025 	WARN_ON_ONCE(folio_ref_count(folio));
4026 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!mem_cgroup_disabled() && !folio_memcg(folio));
4027 
4028 	ds_queue = get_deferred_split_queue(folio);
4029 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4030 	if (!list_empty(&folio->_deferred_list)) {
4031 		ds_queue->split_queue_len--;
4032 		if (folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4033 			folio_clear_partially_mapped(folio);
4034 			mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio),
4035 				      MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, -1);
4036 		}
4037 		list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
4038 		unqueued = true;
4039 	}
4040 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4041 
4042 	return unqueued;	/* useful for debug warnings */
4043 }
4044 
4045 /* partially_mapped=false won't clear PG_partially_mapped folio flag */
4046 void deferred_split_folio(struct folio *folio, bool partially_mapped)
4047 {
4048 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = get_deferred_split_queue(folio);
4049 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4050 	struct mem_cgroup *memcg = folio_memcg(folio);
4051 #endif
4052 	unsigned long flags;
4053 
4054 	/*
4055 	 * Order 1 folios have no space for a deferred list, but we also
4056 	 * won't waste much memory by not adding them to the deferred list.
4057 	 */
4058 	if (folio_order(folio) <= 1)
4059 		return;
4060 
4061 	if (!partially_mapped && !split_underused_thp)
4062 		return;
4063 
4064 	/*
4065 	 * Exclude swapcache: originally to avoid a corrupt deferred split
4066 	 * queue. Nowadays that is fully prevented by memcg1_swapout();
4067 	 * but if page reclaim is already handling the same folio, it is
4068 	 * unnecessary to handle it again in the shrinker, so excluding
4069 	 * swapcache here may still be a useful optimization.
4070 	 */
4071 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
4072 		return;
4073 
4074 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4075 	if (partially_mapped) {
4076 		if (!folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4077 			folio_set_partially_mapped(folio);
4078 			if (folio_test_pmd_mappable(folio))
4079 				count_vm_event(THP_DEFERRED_SPLIT_PAGE);
4080 			count_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio), MTHP_STAT_SPLIT_DEFERRED);
4081 			mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio), MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, 1);
4082 
4083 		}
4084 	} else {
4085 		/* partially mapped folios cannot become non-partially mapped */
4086 		VM_WARN_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_partially_mapped(folio), folio);
4087 	}
4088 	if (list_empty(&folio->_deferred_list)) {
4089 		list_add_tail(&folio->_deferred_list, &ds_queue->split_queue);
4090 		ds_queue->split_queue_len++;
4091 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4092 		if (memcg)
4093 			set_shrinker_bit(memcg, folio_nid(folio),
4094 					 deferred_split_shrinker->id);
4095 #endif
4096 	}
4097 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4098 }
4099 
4100 static unsigned long deferred_split_count(struct shrinker *shrink,
4101 		struct shrink_control *sc)
4102 {
4103 	struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(sc->nid);
4104 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = &pgdata->deferred_split_queue;
4105 
4106 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4107 	if (sc->memcg)
4108 		ds_queue = &sc->memcg->deferred_split_queue;
4109 #endif
4110 	return READ_ONCE(ds_queue->split_queue_len);
4111 }
4112 
4113 static bool thp_underused(struct folio *folio)
4114 {
4115 	int num_zero_pages = 0, num_filled_pages = 0;
4116 	int i;
4117 
4118 	if (khugepaged_max_ptes_none == HPAGE_PMD_NR - 1)
4119 		return false;
4120 
4121 	for (i = 0; i < folio_nr_pages(folio); i++) {
4122 		if (pages_identical(folio_page(folio, i), ZERO_PAGE(0))) {
4123 			if (++num_zero_pages > khugepaged_max_ptes_none)
4124 				return true;
4125 		} else {
4126 			/*
4127 			 * Another path for early exit once the number
4128 			 * of non-zero filled pages exceeds threshold.
4129 			 */
4130 			if (++num_filled_pages >= HPAGE_PMD_NR - khugepaged_max_ptes_none)
4131 				return false;
4132 		}
4133 	}
4134 	return false;
4135 }
4136 
4137 static unsigned long deferred_split_scan(struct shrinker *shrink,
4138 		struct shrink_control *sc)
4139 {
4140 	struct pglist_data *pgdata = NODE_DATA(sc->nid);
4141 	struct deferred_split *ds_queue = &pgdata->deferred_split_queue;
4142 	unsigned long flags;
4143 	LIST_HEAD(list);
4144 	struct folio *folio, *next, *prev = NULL;
4145 	int split = 0, removed = 0;
4146 
4147 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG
4148 	if (sc->memcg)
4149 		ds_queue = &sc->memcg->deferred_split_queue;
4150 #endif
4151 
4152 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4153 	/* Take pin on all head pages to avoid freeing them under us */
4154 	list_for_each_entry_safe(folio, next, &ds_queue->split_queue,
4155 							_deferred_list) {
4156 		if (folio_try_get(folio)) {
4157 			list_move(&folio->_deferred_list, &list);
4158 		} else {
4159 			/* We lost race with folio_put() */
4160 			if (folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4161 				folio_clear_partially_mapped(folio);
4162 				mod_mthp_stat(folio_order(folio),
4163 					      MTHP_STAT_NR_ANON_PARTIALLY_MAPPED, -1);
4164 			}
4165 			list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
4166 			ds_queue->split_queue_len--;
4167 		}
4168 		if (!--sc->nr_to_scan)
4169 			break;
4170 	}
4171 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4172 
4173 	list_for_each_entry_safe(folio, next, &list, _deferred_list) {
4174 		bool did_split = false;
4175 		bool underused = false;
4176 
4177 		if (!folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4178 			/*
4179 			 * See try_to_map_unused_to_zeropage(): we cannot
4180 			 * optimize zero-filled pages after splitting an
4181 			 * mlocked folio.
4182 			 */
4183 			if (folio_test_mlocked(folio))
4184 				goto next;
4185 			underused = thp_underused(folio);
4186 			if (!underused)
4187 				goto next;
4188 		}
4189 		if (!folio_trylock(folio))
4190 			goto next;
4191 		if (!split_folio(folio)) {
4192 			did_split = true;
4193 			if (underused)
4194 				count_vm_event(THP_UNDERUSED_SPLIT_PAGE);
4195 			split++;
4196 		}
4197 		folio_unlock(folio);
4198 next:
4199 		/*
4200 		 * split_folio() removes folio from list on success.
4201 		 * Only add back to the queue if folio is partially mapped.
4202 		 * If thp_underused returns false, or if split_folio fails
4203 		 * in the case it was underused, then consider it used and
4204 		 * don't add it back to split_queue.
4205 		 */
4206 		if (did_split) {
4207 			; /* folio already removed from list */
4208 		} else if (!folio_test_partially_mapped(folio)) {
4209 			list_del_init(&folio->_deferred_list);
4210 			removed++;
4211 		} else {
4212 			/*
4213 			 * That unlocked list_del_init() above would be unsafe,
4214 			 * unless its folio is separated from any earlier folios
4215 			 * left on the list (which may be concurrently unqueued)
4216 			 * by one safe folio with refcount still raised.
4217 			 */
4218 			swap(folio, prev);
4219 		}
4220 		if (folio)
4221 			folio_put(folio);
4222 	}
4223 
4224 	spin_lock_irqsave(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4225 	list_splice_tail(&list, &ds_queue->split_queue);
4226 	ds_queue->split_queue_len -= removed;
4227 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&ds_queue->split_queue_lock, flags);
4228 
4229 	if (prev)
4230 		folio_put(prev);
4231 
4232 	/*
4233 	 * Stop shrinker if we didn't split any page, but the queue is empty.
4234 	 * This can happen if pages were freed under us.
4235 	 */
4236 	if (!split && list_empty(&ds_queue->split_queue))
4237 		return SHRINK_STOP;
4238 	return split;
4239 }
4240 
4241 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS
4242 static void split_huge_pages_all(void)
4243 {
4244 	struct zone *zone;
4245 	struct page *page;
4246 	struct folio *folio;
4247 	unsigned long pfn, max_zone_pfn;
4248 	unsigned long total = 0, split = 0;
4249 
4250 	pr_debug("Split all THPs\n");
4251 	for_each_zone(zone) {
4252 		if (!managed_zone(zone))
4253 			continue;
4254 		max_zone_pfn = zone_end_pfn(zone);
4255 		for (pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn; pfn < max_zone_pfn; pfn++) {
4256 			int nr_pages;
4257 
4258 			page = pfn_to_online_page(pfn);
4259 			if (!page || PageTail(page))
4260 				continue;
4261 			folio = page_folio(page);
4262 			if (!folio_try_get(folio))
4263 				continue;
4264 
4265 			if (unlikely(page_folio(page) != folio))
4266 				goto next;
4267 
4268 			if (zone != folio_zone(folio))
4269 				goto next;
4270 
4271 			if (!folio_test_large(folio)
4272 				|| folio_test_hugetlb(folio)
4273 				|| !folio_test_lru(folio))
4274 				goto next;
4275 
4276 			total++;
4277 			folio_lock(folio);
4278 			nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
4279 			if (!split_folio(folio))
4280 				split++;
4281 			pfn += nr_pages - 1;
4282 			folio_unlock(folio);
4283 next:
4284 			folio_put(folio);
4285 			cond_resched();
4286 		}
4287 	}
4288 
4289 	pr_debug("%lu of %lu THP split\n", split, total);
4290 }
4291 
4292 static inline bool vma_not_suitable_for_thp_split(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
4293 {
4294 	return vma_is_special_huge(vma) || (vma->vm_flags & VM_IO) ||
4295 		    is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma);
4296 }
4297 
4298 static int split_huge_pages_pid(int pid, unsigned long vaddr_start,
4299 				unsigned long vaddr_end, unsigned int new_order,
4300 				long in_folio_offset)
4301 {
4302 	int ret = 0;
4303 	struct task_struct *task;
4304 	struct mm_struct *mm;
4305 	unsigned long total = 0, split = 0;
4306 	unsigned long addr;
4307 
4308 	vaddr_start &= PAGE_MASK;
4309 	vaddr_end &= PAGE_MASK;
4310 
4311 	task = find_get_task_by_vpid(pid);
4312 	if (!task) {
4313 		ret = -ESRCH;
4314 		goto out;
4315 	}
4316 
4317 	/* Find the mm_struct */
4318 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
4319 	put_task_struct(task);
4320 
4321 	if (!mm) {
4322 		ret = -EINVAL;
4323 		goto out;
4324 	}
4325 
4326 	pr_debug("Split huge pages in pid: %d, vaddr: [0x%lx - 0x%lx], new_order: %u, in_folio_offset: %ld\n",
4327 		 pid, vaddr_start, vaddr_end, new_order, in_folio_offset);
4328 
4329 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
4330 	/*
4331 	 * always increase addr by PAGE_SIZE, since we could have a PTE page
4332 	 * table filled with PTE-mapped THPs, each of which is distinct.
4333 	 */
4334 	for (addr = vaddr_start; addr < vaddr_end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
4335 		struct vm_area_struct *vma = vma_lookup(mm, addr);
4336 		struct folio_walk fw;
4337 		struct folio *folio;
4338 		struct address_space *mapping;
4339 		unsigned int target_order = new_order;
4340 
4341 		if (!vma)
4342 			break;
4343 
4344 		/* skip special VMA and hugetlb VMA */
4345 		if (vma_not_suitable_for_thp_split(vma)) {
4346 			addr = vma->vm_end;
4347 			continue;
4348 		}
4349 
4350 		folio = folio_walk_start(&fw, vma, addr, 0);
4351 		if (!folio)
4352 			continue;
4353 
4354 		if (!is_transparent_hugepage(folio))
4355 			goto next;
4356 
4357 		if (!folio_test_anon(folio)) {
4358 			mapping = folio->mapping;
4359 			target_order = max(new_order,
4360 					   mapping_min_folio_order(mapping));
4361 		}
4362 
4363 		if (target_order >= folio_order(folio))
4364 			goto next;
4365 
4366 		total++;
4367 		/*
4368 		 * For folios with private, split_huge_page_to_list_to_order()
4369 		 * will try to drop it before split and then check if the folio
4370 		 * can be split or not. So skip the check here.
4371 		 */
4372 		if (!folio_test_private(folio) &&
4373 		    !can_split_folio(folio, 0, NULL))
4374 			goto next;
4375 
4376 		if (!folio_trylock(folio))
4377 			goto next;
4378 		folio_get(folio);
4379 		folio_walk_end(&fw, vma);
4380 
4381 		if (!folio_test_anon(folio) && folio->mapping != mapping)
4382 			goto unlock;
4383 
4384 		if (in_folio_offset < 0 ||
4385 		    in_folio_offset >= folio_nr_pages(folio)) {
4386 			if (!split_folio_to_order(folio, target_order))
4387 				split++;
4388 		} else {
4389 			struct page *split_at = folio_page(folio,
4390 							   in_folio_offset);
4391 			if (!folio_split(folio, target_order, split_at, NULL))
4392 				split++;
4393 		}
4394 
4395 unlock:
4396 
4397 		folio_unlock(folio);
4398 		folio_put(folio);
4399 
4400 		cond_resched();
4401 		continue;
4402 next:
4403 		folio_walk_end(&fw, vma);
4404 		cond_resched();
4405 	}
4406 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
4407 	mmput(mm);
4408 
4409 	pr_debug("%lu of %lu THP split\n", split, total);
4410 
4411 out:
4412 	return ret;
4413 }
4414 
4415 static int split_huge_pages_in_file(const char *file_path, pgoff_t off_start,
4416 				pgoff_t off_end, unsigned int new_order,
4417 				long in_folio_offset)
4418 {
4419 	struct filename *file;
4420 	struct file *candidate;
4421 	struct address_space *mapping;
4422 	int ret = -EINVAL;
4423 	pgoff_t index;
4424 	int nr_pages = 1;
4425 	unsigned long total = 0, split = 0;
4426 	unsigned int min_order;
4427 	unsigned int target_order;
4428 
4429 	file = getname_kernel(file_path);
4430 	if (IS_ERR(file))
4431 		return ret;
4432 
4433 	candidate = file_open_name(file, O_RDONLY, 0);
4434 	if (IS_ERR(candidate))
4435 		goto out;
4436 
4437 	pr_debug("split file-backed THPs in file: %s, page offset: [0x%lx - 0x%lx], new_order: %u, in_folio_offset: %ld\n",
4438 		 file_path, off_start, off_end, new_order, in_folio_offset);
4439 
4440 	mapping = candidate->f_mapping;
4441 	min_order = mapping_min_folio_order(mapping);
4442 	target_order = max(new_order, min_order);
4443 
4444 	for (index = off_start; index < off_end; index += nr_pages) {
4445 		struct folio *folio = filemap_get_folio(mapping, index);
4446 
4447 		nr_pages = 1;
4448 		if (IS_ERR(folio))
4449 			continue;
4450 
4451 		if (!folio_test_large(folio))
4452 			goto next;
4453 
4454 		total++;
4455 		nr_pages = folio_nr_pages(folio);
4456 
4457 		if (target_order >= folio_order(folio))
4458 			goto next;
4459 
4460 		if (!folio_trylock(folio))
4461 			goto next;
4462 
4463 		if (folio->mapping != mapping)
4464 			goto unlock;
4465 
4466 		if (in_folio_offset < 0 || in_folio_offset >= nr_pages) {
4467 			if (!split_folio_to_order(folio, target_order))
4468 				split++;
4469 		} else {
4470 			struct page *split_at = folio_page(folio,
4471 							   in_folio_offset);
4472 			if (!folio_split(folio, target_order, split_at, NULL))
4473 				split++;
4474 		}
4475 
4476 unlock:
4477 		folio_unlock(folio);
4478 next:
4479 		folio_put(folio);
4480 		cond_resched();
4481 	}
4482 
4483 	filp_close(candidate, NULL);
4484 	ret = 0;
4485 
4486 	pr_debug("%lu of %lu file-backed THP split\n", split, total);
4487 out:
4488 	putname(file);
4489 	return ret;
4490 }
4491 
4492 #define MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ 255
4493 
4494 static ssize_t split_huge_pages_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
4495 				size_t count, loff_t *ppops)
4496 {
4497 	static DEFINE_MUTEX(split_debug_mutex);
4498 	ssize_t ret;
4499 	/*
4500 	 * hold pid, start_vaddr, end_vaddr, new_order or
4501 	 * file_path, off_start, off_end, new_order
4502 	 */
4503 	char input_buf[MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ];
4504 	int pid;
4505 	unsigned long vaddr_start, vaddr_end;
4506 	unsigned int new_order = 0;
4507 	long in_folio_offset = -1;
4508 
4509 	ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&split_debug_mutex);
4510 	if (ret)
4511 		return ret;
4512 
4513 	ret = -EFAULT;
4514 
4515 	memset(input_buf, 0, MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ);
4516 	if (copy_from_user(input_buf, buf, min_t(size_t, count, MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ)))
4517 		goto out;
4518 
4519 	input_buf[MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ - 1] = '\0';
4520 
4521 	if (input_buf[0] == '/') {
4522 		char *tok;
4523 		char *tok_buf = input_buf;
4524 		char file_path[MAX_INPUT_BUF_SZ];
4525 		pgoff_t off_start = 0, off_end = 0;
4526 		size_t input_len = strlen(input_buf);
4527 
4528 		tok = strsep(&tok_buf, ",");
4529 		if (tok && tok_buf) {
4530 			strscpy(file_path, tok);
4531 		} else {
4532 			ret = -EINVAL;
4533 			goto out;
4534 		}
4535 
4536 		ret = sscanf(tok_buf, "0x%lx,0x%lx,%d,%ld", &off_start, &off_end,
4537 				&new_order, &in_folio_offset);
4538 		if (ret != 2 && ret != 3 && ret != 4) {
4539 			ret = -EINVAL;
4540 			goto out;
4541 		}
4542 		ret = split_huge_pages_in_file(file_path, off_start, off_end,
4543 				new_order, in_folio_offset);
4544 		if (!ret)
4545 			ret = input_len;
4546 
4547 		goto out;
4548 	}
4549 
4550 	ret = sscanf(input_buf, "%d,0x%lx,0x%lx,%d,%ld", &pid, &vaddr_start,
4551 			&vaddr_end, &new_order, &in_folio_offset);
4552 	if (ret == 1 && pid == 1) {
4553 		split_huge_pages_all();
4554 		ret = strlen(input_buf);
4555 		goto out;
4556 	} else if (ret != 3 && ret != 4 && ret != 5) {
4557 		ret = -EINVAL;
4558 		goto out;
4559 	}
4560 
4561 	ret = split_huge_pages_pid(pid, vaddr_start, vaddr_end, new_order,
4562 			in_folio_offset);
4563 	if (!ret)
4564 		ret = strlen(input_buf);
4565 out:
4566 	mutex_unlock(&split_debug_mutex);
4567 	return ret;
4568 
4569 }
4570 
4571 static const struct file_operations split_huge_pages_fops = {
4572 	.owner	 = THIS_MODULE,
4573 	.write	 = split_huge_pages_write,
4574 };
4575 
4576 static int __init split_huge_pages_debugfs(void)
4577 {
4578 	debugfs_create_file("split_huge_pages", 0200, NULL, NULL,
4579 			    &split_huge_pages_fops);
4580 	return 0;
4581 }
4582 late_initcall(split_huge_pages_debugfs);
4583 #endif
4584 
4585 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_THP_MIGRATION
4586 int set_pmd_migration_entry(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw,
4587 		struct page *page)
4588 {
4589 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
4590 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = pvmw->vma;
4591 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
4592 	unsigned long address = pvmw->address;
4593 	bool anon_exclusive;
4594 	pmd_t pmdval;
4595 	swp_entry_t entry;
4596 	pmd_t pmdswp;
4597 
4598 	if (!(pvmw->pmd && !pvmw->pte))
4599 		return 0;
4600 
4601 	flush_cache_range(vma, address, address + HPAGE_PMD_SIZE);
4602 	pmdval = pmdp_invalidate(vma, address, pvmw->pmd);
4603 
4604 	/* See folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(): invalidate PMD first. */
4605 	anon_exclusive = folio_test_anon(folio) && PageAnonExclusive(page);
4606 	if (anon_exclusive && folio_try_share_anon_rmap_pmd(folio, page)) {
4607 		set_pmd_at(mm, address, pvmw->pmd, pmdval);
4608 		return -EBUSY;
4609 	}
4610 
4611 	if (pmd_dirty(pmdval))
4612 		folio_mark_dirty(folio);
4613 	if (pmd_write(pmdval))
4614 		entry = make_writable_migration_entry(page_to_pfn(page));
4615 	else if (anon_exclusive)
4616 		entry = make_readable_exclusive_migration_entry(page_to_pfn(page));
4617 	else
4618 		entry = make_readable_migration_entry(page_to_pfn(page));
4619 	if (pmd_young(pmdval))
4620 		entry = make_migration_entry_young(entry);
4621 	if (pmd_dirty(pmdval))
4622 		entry = make_migration_entry_dirty(entry);
4623 	pmdswp = swp_entry_to_pmd(entry);
4624 	if (pmd_soft_dirty(pmdval))
4625 		pmdswp = pmd_swp_mksoft_dirty(pmdswp);
4626 	if (pmd_uffd_wp(pmdval))
4627 		pmdswp = pmd_swp_mkuffd_wp(pmdswp);
4628 	set_pmd_at(mm, address, pvmw->pmd, pmdswp);
4629 	folio_remove_rmap_pmd(folio, page, vma);
4630 	folio_put(folio);
4631 	trace_set_migration_pmd(address, pmd_val(pmdswp));
4632 
4633 	return 0;
4634 }
4635 
4636 void remove_migration_pmd(struct page_vma_mapped_walk *pvmw, struct page *new)
4637 {
4638 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(new);
4639 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = pvmw->vma;
4640 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
4641 	unsigned long address = pvmw->address;
4642 	unsigned long haddr = address & HPAGE_PMD_MASK;
4643 	pmd_t pmde;
4644 	swp_entry_t entry;
4645 
4646 	if (!(pvmw->pmd && !pvmw->pte))
4647 		return;
4648 
4649 	entry = pmd_to_swp_entry(*pvmw->pmd);
4650 	folio_get(folio);
4651 	pmde = folio_mk_pmd(folio, READ_ONCE(vma->vm_page_prot));
4652 	if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(*pvmw->pmd))
4653 		pmde = pmd_mksoft_dirty(pmde);
4654 	if (is_writable_migration_entry(entry))
4655 		pmde = pmd_mkwrite(pmde, vma);
4656 	if (pmd_swp_uffd_wp(*pvmw->pmd))
4657 		pmde = pmd_mkuffd_wp(pmde);
4658 	if (!is_migration_entry_young(entry))
4659 		pmde = pmd_mkold(pmde);
4660 	/* NOTE: this may contain setting soft-dirty on some archs */
4661 	if (folio_test_dirty(folio) && is_migration_entry_dirty(entry))
4662 		pmde = pmd_mkdirty(pmde);
4663 
4664 	if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
4665 		rmap_t rmap_flags = RMAP_NONE;
4666 
4667 		if (!is_readable_migration_entry(entry))
4668 			rmap_flags |= RMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
4669 
4670 		folio_add_anon_rmap_pmd(folio, new, vma, haddr, rmap_flags);
4671 	} else {
4672 		folio_add_file_rmap_pmd(folio, new, vma);
4673 	}
4674 	VM_BUG_ON(pmd_write(pmde) && folio_test_anon(folio) && !PageAnonExclusive(new));
4675 	set_pmd_at(mm, haddr, pvmw->pmd, pmde);
4676 
4677 	/* No need to invalidate - it was non-present before */
4678 	update_mmu_cache_pmd(vma, address, pvmw->pmd);
4679 	trace_remove_migration_pmd(address, pmd_val(pmde));
4680 }
4681 #endif
4682