xref: /linux/mm/damon/sysfs.c (revision 0da908c291070d89482f6211dbe81d4d43c3f7cb)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * DAMON sysfs Interface
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2022 SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org>
6  */
7 
8 #include <linux/pid.h>
9 #include <linux/sched.h>
10 #include <linux/slab.h>
11 
12 #include "sysfs-common.h"
13 
14 /*
15  * init region directory
16  */
17 
18 struct damon_sysfs_region {
19 	struct kobject kobj;
20 	struct damon_addr_range ar;
21 };
22 
23 static struct damon_sysfs_region *damon_sysfs_region_alloc(void)
24 {
25 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_region), GFP_KERNEL);
26 }
27 
28 static ssize_t start_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
29 		char *buf)
30 {
31 	struct damon_sysfs_region *region = container_of(kobj,
32 			struct damon_sysfs_region, kobj);
33 
34 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", region->ar.start);
35 }
36 
37 static ssize_t start_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
38 		const char *buf, size_t count)
39 {
40 	struct damon_sysfs_region *region = container_of(kobj,
41 			struct damon_sysfs_region, kobj);
42 	int err = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &region->ar.start);
43 
44 	return err ? err : count;
45 }
46 
47 static ssize_t end_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
48 		char *buf)
49 {
50 	struct damon_sysfs_region *region = container_of(kobj,
51 			struct damon_sysfs_region, kobj);
52 
53 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", region->ar.end);
54 }
55 
56 static ssize_t end_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
57 		const char *buf, size_t count)
58 {
59 	struct damon_sysfs_region *region = container_of(kobj,
60 			struct damon_sysfs_region, kobj);
61 	int err = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &region->ar.end);
62 
63 	return err ? err : count;
64 }
65 
66 static void damon_sysfs_region_release(struct kobject *kobj)
67 {
68 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_region, kobj));
69 }
70 
71 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_region_start_attr =
72 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(start, 0600);
73 
74 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_region_end_attr =
75 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(end, 0600);
76 
77 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_region_attrs[] = {
78 	&damon_sysfs_region_start_attr.attr,
79 	&damon_sysfs_region_end_attr.attr,
80 	NULL,
81 };
82 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_region);
83 
84 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_region_ktype = {
85 	.release = damon_sysfs_region_release,
86 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
87 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_region_groups,
88 };
89 
90 /*
91  * init_regions directory
92  */
93 
94 struct damon_sysfs_regions {
95 	struct kobject kobj;
96 	struct damon_sysfs_region **regions_arr;
97 	int nr;
98 };
99 
100 static struct damon_sysfs_regions *damon_sysfs_regions_alloc(void)
101 {
102 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_regions), GFP_KERNEL);
103 }
104 
105 static void damon_sysfs_regions_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_regions *regions)
106 {
107 	struct damon_sysfs_region **regions_arr = regions->regions_arr;
108 	int i;
109 
110 	for (i = 0; i < regions->nr; i++)
111 		kobject_put(&regions_arr[i]->kobj);
112 	regions->nr = 0;
113 	kfree(regions_arr);
114 	regions->regions_arr = NULL;
115 }
116 
117 static int damon_sysfs_regions_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_regions *regions,
118 		int nr_regions)
119 {
120 	struct damon_sysfs_region **regions_arr, *region;
121 	int err, i;
122 
123 	damon_sysfs_regions_rm_dirs(regions);
124 	if (!nr_regions)
125 		return 0;
126 
127 	regions_arr = kmalloc_array(nr_regions, sizeof(*regions_arr),
128 			GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
129 	if (!regions_arr)
130 		return -ENOMEM;
131 	regions->regions_arr = regions_arr;
132 
133 	for (i = 0; i < nr_regions; i++) {
134 		region = damon_sysfs_region_alloc();
135 		if (!region) {
136 			damon_sysfs_regions_rm_dirs(regions);
137 			return -ENOMEM;
138 		}
139 
140 		err = kobject_init_and_add(&region->kobj,
141 				&damon_sysfs_region_ktype, &regions->kobj,
142 				"%d", i);
143 		if (err) {
144 			kobject_put(&region->kobj);
145 			damon_sysfs_regions_rm_dirs(regions);
146 			return err;
147 		}
148 
149 		regions_arr[i] = region;
150 		regions->nr++;
151 	}
152 	return 0;
153 }
154 
155 static ssize_t nr_regions_show(struct kobject *kobj,
156 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
157 {
158 	struct damon_sysfs_regions *regions = container_of(kobj,
159 			struct damon_sysfs_regions, kobj);
160 
161 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", regions->nr);
162 }
163 
164 static ssize_t nr_regions_store(struct kobject *kobj,
165 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
166 {
167 	struct damon_sysfs_regions *regions;
168 	int nr, err = kstrtoint(buf, 0, &nr);
169 
170 	if (err)
171 		return err;
172 	if (nr < 0)
173 		return -EINVAL;
174 
175 	regions = container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_regions, kobj);
176 
177 	if (!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
178 		return -EBUSY;
179 	err = damon_sysfs_regions_add_dirs(regions, nr);
180 	mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
181 	if (err)
182 		return err;
183 
184 	return count;
185 }
186 
187 static void damon_sysfs_regions_release(struct kobject *kobj)
188 {
189 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_regions, kobj));
190 }
191 
192 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_regions_nr_attr =
193 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(nr_regions, 0600);
194 
195 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_regions_attrs[] = {
196 	&damon_sysfs_regions_nr_attr.attr,
197 	NULL,
198 };
199 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_regions);
200 
201 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_regions_ktype = {
202 	.release = damon_sysfs_regions_release,
203 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
204 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_regions_groups,
205 };
206 
207 /*
208  * target directory
209  */
210 
211 struct damon_sysfs_target {
212 	struct kobject kobj;
213 	struct damon_sysfs_regions *regions;
214 	int pid;
215 };
216 
217 static struct damon_sysfs_target *damon_sysfs_target_alloc(void)
218 {
219 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_target), GFP_KERNEL);
220 }
221 
222 static int damon_sysfs_target_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_target *target)
223 {
224 	struct damon_sysfs_regions *regions = damon_sysfs_regions_alloc();
225 	int err;
226 
227 	if (!regions)
228 		return -ENOMEM;
229 
230 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&regions->kobj, &damon_sysfs_regions_ktype,
231 			&target->kobj, "regions");
232 	if (err)
233 		kobject_put(&regions->kobj);
234 	else
235 		target->regions = regions;
236 	return err;
237 }
238 
239 static void damon_sysfs_target_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_target *target)
240 {
241 	damon_sysfs_regions_rm_dirs(target->regions);
242 	kobject_put(&target->regions->kobj);
243 }
244 
245 static ssize_t pid_target_show(struct kobject *kobj,
246 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
247 {
248 	struct damon_sysfs_target *target = container_of(kobj,
249 			struct damon_sysfs_target, kobj);
250 
251 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", target->pid);
252 }
253 
254 static ssize_t pid_target_store(struct kobject *kobj,
255 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
256 {
257 	struct damon_sysfs_target *target = container_of(kobj,
258 			struct damon_sysfs_target, kobj);
259 	int err = kstrtoint(buf, 0, &target->pid);
260 
261 	if (err)
262 		return -EINVAL;
263 	return count;
264 }
265 
266 static void damon_sysfs_target_release(struct kobject *kobj)
267 {
268 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_target, kobj));
269 }
270 
271 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_target_pid_attr =
272 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(pid_target, 0600);
273 
274 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_target_attrs[] = {
275 	&damon_sysfs_target_pid_attr.attr,
276 	NULL,
277 };
278 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_target);
279 
280 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_target_ktype = {
281 	.release = damon_sysfs_target_release,
282 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
283 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_target_groups,
284 };
285 
286 /*
287  * targets directory
288  */
289 
290 struct damon_sysfs_targets {
291 	struct kobject kobj;
292 	struct damon_sysfs_target **targets_arr;
293 	int nr;
294 };
295 
296 static struct damon_sysfs_targets *damon_sysfs_targets_alloc(void)
297 {
298 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_targets), GFP_KERNEL);
299 }
300 
301 static void damon_sysfs_targets_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_targets *targets)
302 {
303 	struct damon_sysfs_target **targets_arr = targets->targets_arr;
304 	int i;
305 
306 	for (i = 0; i < targets->nr; i++) {
307 		damon_sysfs_target_rm_dirs(targets_arr[i]);
308 		kobject_put(&targets_arr[i]->kobj);
309 	}
310 	targets->nr = 0;
311 	kfree(targets_arr);
312 	targets->targets_arr = NULL;
313 }
314 
315 static int damon_sysfs_targets_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_targets *targets,
316 		int nr_targets)
317 {
318 	struct damon_sysfs_target **targets_arr, *target;
319 	int err, i;
320 
321 	damon_sysfs_targets_rm_dirs(targets);
322 	if (!nr_targets)
323 		return 0;
324 
325 	targets_arr = kmalloc_array(nr_targets, sizeof(*targets_arr),
326 			GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
327 	if (!targets_arr)
328 		return -ENOMEM;
329 	targets->targets_arr = targets_arr;
330 
331 	for (i = 0; i < nr_targets; i++) {
332 		target = damon_sysfs_target_alloc();
333 		if (!target) {
334 			damon_sysfs_targets_rm_dirs(targets);
335 			return -ENOMEM;
336 		}
337 
338 		err = kobject_init_and_add(&target->kobj,
339 				&damon_sysfs_target_ktype, &targets->kobj,
340 				"%d", i);
341 		if (err)
342 			goto out;
343 
344 		err = damon_sysfs_target_add_dirs(target);
345 		if (err)
346 			goto out;
347 
348 		targets_arr[i] = target;
349 		targets->nr++;
350 	}
351 	return 0;
352 
353 out:
354 	damon_sysfs_targets_rm_dirs(targets);
355 	kobject_put(&target->kobj);
356 	return err;
357 }
358 
359 static ssize_t nr_targets_show(struct kobject *kobj,
360 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
361 {
362 	struct damon_sysfs_targets *targets = container_of(kobj,
363 			struct damon_sysfs_targets, kobj);
364 
365 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", targets->nr);
366 }
367 
368 static ssize_t nr_targets_store(struct kobject *kobj,
369 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
370 {
371 	struct damon_sysfs_targets *targets;
372 	int nr, err = kstrtoint(buf, 0, &nr);
373 
374 	if (err)
375 		return err;
376 	if (nr < 0)
377 		return -EINVAL;
378 
379 	targets = container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_targets, kobj);
380 
381 	if (!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
382 		return -EBUSY;
383 	err = damon_sysfs_targets_add_dirs(targets, nr);
384 	mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
385 	if (err)
386 		return err;
387 
388 	return count;
389 }
390 
391 static void damon_sysfs_targets_release(struct kobject *kobj)
392 {
393 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_targets, kobj));
394 }
395 
396 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_targets_nr_attr =
397 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(nr_targets, 0600);
398 
399 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_targets_attrs[] = {
400 	&damon_sysfs_targets_nr_attr.attr,
401 	NULL,
402 };
403 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_targets);
404 
405 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_targets_ktype = {
406 	.release = damon_sysfs_targets_release,
407 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
408 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_targets_groups,
409 };
410 
411 /*
412  * intervals directory
413  */
414 
415 struct damon_sysfs_intervals {
416 	struct kobject kobj;
417 	unsigned long sample_us;
418 	unsigned long aggr_us;
419 	unsigned long update_us;
420 };
421 
422 static struct damon_sysfs_intervals *damon_sysfs_intervals_alloc(
423 		unsigned long sample_us, unsigned long aggr_us,
424 		unsigned long update_us)
425 {
426 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals = kmalloc(sizeof(*intervals),
427 			GFP_KERNEL);
428 
429 	if (!intervals)
430 		return NULL;
431 
432 	intervals->kobj = (struct kobject){};
433 	intervals->sample_us = sample_us;
434 	intervals->aggr_us = aggr_us;
435 	intervals->update_us = update_us;
436 	return intervals;
437 }
438 
439 static ssize_t sample_us_show(struct kobject *kobj,
440 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
441 {
442 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals = container_of(kobj,
443 			struct damon_sysfs_intervals, kobj);
444 
445 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", intervals->sample_us);
446 }
447 
448 static ssize_t sample_us_store(struct kobject *kobj,
449 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
450 {
451 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals = container_of(kobj,
452 			struct damon_sysfs_intervals, kobj);
453 	unsigned long us;
454 	int err = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &us);
455 
456 	if (err)
457 		return err;
458 
459 	intervals->sample_us = us;
460 	return count;
461 }
462 
463 static ssize_t aggr_us_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
464 		char *buf)
465 {
466 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals = container_of(kobj,
467 			struct damon_sysfs_intervals, kobj);
468 
469 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", intervals->aggr_us);
470 }
471 
472 static ssize_t aggr_us_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
473 		const char *buf, size_t count)
474 {
475 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals = container_of(kobj,
476 			struct damon_sysfs_intervals, kobj);
477 	unsigned long us;
478 	int err = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &us);
479 
480 	if (err)
481 		return err;
482 
483 	intervals->aggr_us = us;
484 	return count;
485 }
486 
487 static ssize_t update_us_show(struct kobject *kobj,
488 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
489 {
490 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals = container_of(kobj,
491 			struct damon_sysfs_intervals, kobj);
492 
493 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%lu\n", intervals->update_us);
494 }
495 
496 static ssize_t update_us_store(struct kobject *kobj,
497 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
498 {
499 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals = container_of(kobj,
500 			struct damon_sysfs_intervals, kobj);
501 	unsigned long us;
502 	int err = kstrtoul(buf, 0, &us);
503 
504 	if (err)
505 		return err;
506 
507 	intervals->update_us = us;
508 	return count;
509 }
510 
511 static void damon_sysfs_intervals_release(struct kobject *kobj)
512 {
513 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_intervals, kobj));
514 }
515 
516 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_intervals_sample_us_attr =
517 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(sample_us, 0600);
518 
519 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_intervals_aggr_us_attr =
520 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(aggr_us, 0600);
521 
522 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_intervals_update_us_attr =
523 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(update_us, 0600);
524 
525 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_intervals_attrs[] = {
526 	&damon_sysfs_intervals_sample_us_attr.attr,
527 	&damon_sysfs_intervals_aggr_us_attr.attr,
528 	&damon_sysfs_intervals_update_us_attr.attr,
529 	NULL,
530 };
531 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_intervals);
532 
533 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_intervals_ktype = {
534 	.release = damon_sysfs_intervals_release,
535 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
536 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_intervals_groups,
537 };
538 
539 /*
540  * monitoring_attrs directory
541  */
542 
543 struct damon_sysfs_attrs {
544 	struct kobject kobj;
545 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals;
546 	struct damon_sysfs_ul_range *nr_regions_range;
547 };
548 
549 static struct damon_sysfs_attrs *damon_sysfs_attrs_alloc(void)
550 {
551 	struct damon_sysfs_attrs *attrs = kmalloc(sizeof(*attrs), GFP_KERNEL);
552 
553 	if (!attrs)
554 		return NULL;
555 	attrs->kobj = (struct kobject){};
556 	return attrs;
557 }
558 
559 static int damon_sysfs_attrs_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_attrs *attrs)
560 {
561 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *intervals;
562 	struct damon_sysfs_ul_range *nr_regions_range;
563 	int err;
564 
565 	intervals = damon_sysfs_intervals_alloc(5000, 100000, 60000000);
566 	if (!intervals)
567 		return -ENOMEM;
568 
569 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&intervals->kobj,
570 			&damon_sysfs_intervals_ktype, &attrs->kobj,
571 			"intervals");
572 	if (err)
573 		goto put_intervals_out;
574 	attrs->intervals = intervals;
575 
576 	nr_regions_range = damon_sysfs_ul_range_alloc(10, 1000);
577 	if (!nr_regions_range) {
578 		err = -ENOMEM;
579 		goto put_intervals_out;
580 	}
581 
582 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&nr_regions_range->kobj,
583 			&damon_sysfs_ul_range_ktype, &attrs->kobj,
584 			"nr_regions");
585 	if (err)
586 		goto put_nr_regions_intervals_out;
587 	attrs->nr_regions_range = nr_regions_range;
588 	return 0;
589 
590 put_nr_regions_intervals_out:
591 	kobject_put(&nr_regions_range->kobj);
592 	attrs->nr_regions_range = NULL;
593 put_intervals_out:
594 	kobject_put(&intervals->kobj);
595 	attrs->intervals = NULL;
596 	return err;
597 }
598 
599 static void damon_sysfs_attrs_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_attrs *attrs)
600 {
601 	kobject_put(&attrs->nr_regions_range->kobj);
602 	kobject_put(&attrs->intervals->kobj);
603 }
604 
605 static void damon_sysfs_attrs_release(struct kobject *kobj)
606 {
607 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_attrs, kobj));
608 }
609 
610 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_attrs_attrs[] = {
611 	NULL,
612 };
613 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_attrs);
614 
615 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_attrs_ktype = {
616 	.release = damon_sysfs_attrs_release,
617 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
618 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_attrs_groups,
619 };
620 
621 /*
622  * context directory
623  */
624 
625 /* This should match with enum damon_ops_id */
626 static const char * const damon_sysfs_ops_strs[] = {
627 	"vaddr",
628 	"fvaddr",
629 	"paddr",
630 };
631 
632 struct damon_sysfs_context {
633 	struct kobject kobj;
634 	enum damon_ops_id ops_id;
635 	struct damon_sysfs_attrs *attrs;
636 	struct damon_sysfs_targets *targets;
637 	struct damon_sysfs_schemes *schemes;
638 };
639 
640 static struct damon_sysfs_context *damon_sysfs_context_alloc(
641 		enum damon_ops_id ops_id)
642 {
643 	struct damon_sysfs_context *context = kmalloc(sizeof(*context),
644 				GFP_KERNEL);
645 
646 	if (!context)
647 		return NULL;
648 	context->kobj = (struct kobject){};
649 	context->ops_id = ops_id;
650 	return context;
651 }
652 
653 static int damon_sysfs_context_set_attrs(struct damon_sysfs_context *context)
654 {
655 	struct damon_sysfs_attrs *attrs = damon_sysfs_attrs_alloc();
656 	int err;
657 
658 	if (!attrs)
659 		return -ENOMEM;
660 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&attrs->kobj, &damon_sysfs_attrs_ktype,
661 			&context->kobj, "monitoring_attrs");
662 	if (err)
663 		goto out;
664 	err = damon_sysfs_attrs_add_dirs(attrs);
665 	if (err)
666 		goto out;
667 	context->attrs = attrs;
668 	return 0;
669 
670 out:
671 	kobject_put(&attrs->kobj);
672 	return err;
673 }
674 
675 static int damon_sysfs_context_set_targets(struct damon_sysfs_context *context)
676 {
677 	struct damon_sysfs_targets *targets = damon_sysfs_targets_alloc();
678 	int err;
679 
680 	if (!targets)
681 		return -ENOMEM;
682 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&targets->kobj, &damon_sysfs_targets_ktype,
683 			&context->kobj, "targets");
684 	if (err) {
685 		kobject_put(&targets->kobj);
686 		return err;
687 	}
688 	context->targets = targets;
689 	return 0;
690 }
691 
692 static int damon_sysfs_context_set_schemes(struct damon_sysfs_context *context)
693 {
694 	struct damon_sysfs_schemes *schemes = damon_sysfs_schemes_alloc();
695 	int err;
696 
697 	if (!schemes)
698 		return -ENOMEM;
699 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&schemes->kobj, &damon_sysfs_schemes_ktype,
700 			&context->kobj, "schemes");
701 	if (err) {
702 		kobject_put(&schemes->kobj);
703 		return err;
704 	}
705 	context->schemes = schemes;
706 	return 0;
707 }
708 
709 static int damon_sysfs_context_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_context *context)
710 {
711 	int err;
712 
713 	err = damon_sysfs_context_set_attrs(context);
714 	if (err)
715 		return err;
716 
717 	err = damon_sysfs_context_set_targets(context);
718 	if (err)
719 		goto put_attrs_out;
720 
721 	err = damon_sysfs_context_set_schemes(context);
722 	if (err)
723 		goto put_targets_attrs_out;
724 	return 0;
725 
726 put_targets_attrs_out:
727 	kobject_put(&context->targets->kobj);
728 	context->targets = NULL;
729 put_attrs_out:
730 	kobject_put(&context->attrs->kobj);
731 	context->attrs = NULL;
732 	return err;
733 }
734 
735 static void damon_sysfs_context_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_context *context)
736 {
737 	damon_sysfs_attrs_rm_dirs(context->attrs);
738 	kobject_put(&context->attrs->kobj);
739 	damon_sysfs_targets_rm_dirs(context->targets);
740 	kobject_put(&context->targets->kobj);
741 	damon_sysfs_schemes_rm_dirs(context->schemes);
742 	kobject_put(&context->schemes->kobj);
743 }
744 
745 static ssize_t avail_operations_show(struct kobject *kobj,
746 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
747 {
748 	enum damon_ops_id id;
749 	int len = 0;
750 
751 	for (id = 0; id < NR_DAMON_OPS; id++) {
752 		if (!damon_is_registered_ops(id))
753 			continue;
754 		len += sysfs_emit_at(buf, len, "%s\n",
755 				damon_sysfs_ops_strs[id]);
756 	}
757 	return len;
758 }
759 
760 static ssize_t operations_show(struct kobject *kobj,
761 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
762 {
763 	struct damon_sysfs_context *context = container_of(kobj,
764 			struct damon_sysfs_context, kobj);
765 
766 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", damon_sysfs_ops_strs[context->ops_id]);
767 }
768 
769 static ssize_t operations_store(struct kobject *kobj,
770 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
771 {
772 	struct damon_sysfs_context *context = container_of(kobj,
773 			struct damon_sysfs_context, kobj);
774 	enum damon_ops_id id;
775 
776 	for (id = 0; id < NR_DAMON_OPS; id++) {
777 		if (sysfs_streq(buf, damon_sysfs_ops_strs[id])) {
778 			context->ops_id = id;
779 			return count;
780 		}
781 	}
782 	return -EINVAL;
783 }
784 
785 static void damon_sysfs_context_release(struct kobject *kobj)
786 {
787 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_context, kobj));
788 }
789 
790 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_context_avail_operations_attr =
791 		__ATTR_RO_MODE(avail_operations, 0400);
792 
793 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_context_operations_attr =
794 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(operations, 0600);
795 
796 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_context_attrs[] = {
797 	&damon_sysfs_context_avail_operations_attr.attr,
798 	&damon_sysfs_context_operations_attr.attr,
799 	NULL,
800 };
801 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_context);
802 
803 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_context_ktype = {
804 	.release = damon_sysfs_context_release,
805 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
806 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_context_groups,
807 };
808 
809 /*
810  * contexts directory
811  */
812 
813 struct damon_sysfs_contexts {
814 	struct kobject kobj;
815 	struct damon_sysfs_context **contexts_arr;
816 	int nr;
817 };
818 
819 static struct damon_sysfs_contexts *damon_sysfs_contexts_alloc(void)
820 {
821 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_contexts), GFP_KERNEL);
822 }
823 
824 static void damon_sysfs_contexts_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_contexts *contexts)
825 {
826 	struct damon_sysfs_context **contexts_arr = contexts->contexts_arr;
827 	int i;
828 
829 	for (i = 0; i < contexts->nr; i++) {
830 		damon_sysfs_context_rm_dirs(contexts_arr[i]);
831 		kobject_put(&contexts_arr[i]->kobj);
832 	}
833 	contexts->nr = 0;
834 	kfree(contexts_arr);
835 	contexts->contexts_arr = NULL;
836 }
837 
838 static int damon_sysfs_contexts_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_contexts *contexts,
839 		int nr_contexts)
840 {
841 	struct damon_sysfs_context **contexts_arr, *context;
842 	int err, i;
843 
844 	damon_sysfs_contexts_rm_dirs(contexts);
845 	if (!nr_contexts)
846 		return 0;
847 
848 	contexts_arr = kmalloc_array(nr_contexts, sizeof(*contexts_arr),
849 			GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
850 	if (!contexts_arr)
851 		return -ENOMEM;
852 	contexts->contexts_arr = contexts_arr;
853 
854 	for (i = 0; i < nr_contexts; i++) {
855 		context = damon_sysfs_context_alloc(DAMON_OPS_VADDR);
856 		if (!context) {
857 			damon_sysfs_contexts_rm_dirs(contexts);
858 			return -ENOMEM;
859 		}
860 
861 		err = kobject_init_and_add(&context->kobj,
862 				&damon_sysfs_context_ktype, &contexts->kobj,
863 				"%d", i);
864 		if (err)
865 			goto out;
866 
867 		err = damon_sysfs_context_add_dirs(context);
868 		if (err)
869 			goto out;
870 
871 		contexts_arr[i] = context;
872 		contexts->nr++;
873 	}
874 	return 0;
875 
876 out:
877 	damon_sysfs_contexts_rm_dirs(contexts);
878 	kobject_put(&context->kobj);
879 	return err;
880 }
881 
882 static ssize_t nr_contexts_show(struct kobject *kobj,
883 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
884 {
885 	struct damon_sysfs_contexts *contexts = container_of(kobj,
886 			struct damon_sysfs_contexts, kobj);
887 
888 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", contexts->nr);
889 }
890 
891 static ssize_t nr_contexts_store(struct kobject *kobj,
892 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
893 {
894 	struct damon_sysfs_contexts *contexts;
895 	int nr, err;
896 
897 	err = kstrtoint(buf, 0, &nr);
898 	if (err)
899 		return err;
900 	/* TODO: support multiple contexts per kdamond */
901 	if (nr < 0 || 1 < nr)
902 		return -EINVAL;
903 
904 	contexts = container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_contexts, kobj);
905 	if (!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
906 		return -EBUSY;
907 	err = damon_sysfs_contexts_add_dirs(contexts, nr);
908 	mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
909 	if (err)
910 		return err;
911 
912 	return count;
913 }
914 
915 static void damon_sysfs_contexts_release(struct kobject *kobj)
916 {
917 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_contexts, kobj));
918 }
919 
920 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_contexts_nr_attr
921 		= __ATTR_RW_MODE(nr_contexts, 0600);
922 
923 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_contexts_attrs[] = {
924 	&damon_sysfs_contexts_nr_attr.attr,
925 	NULL,
926 };
927 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_contexts);
928 
929 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_contexts_ktype = {
930 	.release = damon_sysfs_contexts_release,
931 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
932 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_contexts_groups,
933 };
934 
935 /*
936  * kdamond directory
937  */
938 
939 struct damon_sysfs_kdamond {
940 	struct kobject kobj;
941 	struct damon_sysfs_contexts *contexts;
942 	struct damon_ctx *damon_ctx;
943 };
944 
945 static struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *damon_sysfs_kdamond_alloc(void)
946 {
947 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond), GFP_KERNEL);
948 }
949 
950 static int damon_sysfs_kdamond_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
951 {
952 	struct damon_sysfs_contexts *contexts;
953 	int err;
954 
955 	contexts = damon_sysfs_contexts_alloc();
956 	if (!contexts)
957 		return -ENOMEM;
958 
959 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&contexts->kobj,
960 			&damon_sysfs_contexts_ktype, &kdamond->kobj,
961 			"contexts");
962 	if (err) {
963 		kobject_put(&contexts->kobj);
964 		return err;
965 	}
966 	kdamond->contexts = contexts;
967 
968 	return err;
969 }
970 
971 static void damon_sysfs_kdamond_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
972 {
973 	damon_sysfs_contexts_rm_dirs(kdamond->contexts);
974 	kobject_put(&kdamond->contexts->kobj);
975 }
976 
977 static bool damon_sysfs_ctx_running(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
978 {
979 	bool running;
980 
981 	mutex_lock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
982 	running = ctx->kdamond != NULL;
983 	mutex_unlock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
984 	return running;
985 }
986 
987 /*
988  * enum damon_sysfs_cmd - Commands for a specific kdamond.
989  */
990 enum damon_sysfs_cmd {
991 	/* @DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_ON: Turn the kdamond on. */
992 	DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_ON,
993 	/* @DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_OFF: Turn the kdamond off. */
994 	DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_OFF,
995 	/* @DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_COMMIT: Update kdamond inputs. */
996 	DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_COMMIT,
997 	/*
998 	 * @DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_UPDATE_SCHEMES_STATS: Update scheme stats sysfs
999 	 * files.
1000 	 */
1001 	DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_UPDATE_SCHEMES_STATS,
1002 	/*
1003 	 * @DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_UPDATE_SCHEMES_TRIED_REGIONS: Update schemes tried
1004 	 * regions
1005 	 */
1006 	DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_UPDATE_SCHEMES_TRIED_REGIONS,
1007 	/*
1008 	 * @DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_CLEAR_SCHEMES_TRIED_REGIONS: Clear schemes tried
1009 	 * regions
1010 	 */
1011 	DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_CLEAR_SCHEMES_TRIED_REGIONS,
1012 	/*
1013 	 * @NR_DAMON_SYSFS_CMDS: Total number of DAMON sysfs commands.
1014 	 */
1015 	NR_DAMON_SYSFS_CMDS,
1016 };
1017 
1018 /* Should match with enum damon_sysfs_cmd */
1019 static const char * const damon_sysfs_cmd_strs[] = {
1020 	"on",
1021 	"off",
1022 	"commit",
1023 	"update_schemes_stats",
1024 	"update_schemes_tried_regions",
1025 	"clear_schemes_tried_regions",
1026 };
1027 
1028 /*
1029  * struct damon_sysfs_cmd_request - A request to the DAMON callback.
1030  * @cmd:	The command that needs to be handled by the callback.
1031  * @kdamond:	The kobject wrapper that associated to the kdamond thread.
1032  *
1033  * This structure represents a sysfs command request that need to access some
1034  * DAMON context-internal data.  Because DAMON context-internal data can be
1035  * safely accessed from DAMON callbacks without additional synchronization, the
1036  * request will be handled by the DAMON callback.  None-``NULL`` @kdamond means
1037  * the request is valid.
1038  */
1039 struct damon_sysfs_cmd_request {
1040 	enum damon_sysfs_cmd cmd;
1041 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond;
1042 };
1043 
1044 /* Current DAMON callback request.  Protected by damon_sysfs_lock. */
1045 static struct damon_sysfs_cmd_request damon_sysfs_cmd_request;
1046 
1047 static ssize_t state_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
1048 		char *buf)
1049 {
1050 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond = container_of(kobj,
1051 			struct damon_sysfs_kdamond, kobj);
1052 	struct damon_ctx *ctx = kdamond->damon_ctx;
1053 	bool running;
1054 
1055 	if (!ctx)
1056 		running = false;
1057 	else
1058 		running = damon_sysfs_ctx_running(ctx);
1059 
1060 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%s\n", running ?
1061 			damon_sysfs_cmd_strs[DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_ON] :
1062 			damon_sysfs_cmd_strs[DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_OFF]);
1063 }
1064 
1065 static int damon_sysfs_set_attrs(struct damon_ctx *ctx,
1066 		struct damon_sysfs_attrs *sys_attrs)
1067 {
1068 	struct damon_sysfs_intervals *sys_intervals = sys_attrs->intervals;
1069 	struct damon_sysfs_ul_range *sys_nr_regions =
1070 		sys_attrs->nr_regions_range;
1071 	struct damon_attrs attrs = {
1072 		.sample_interval = sys_intervals->sample_us,
1073 		.aggr_interval = sys_intervals->aggr_us,
1074 		.ops_update_interval = sys_intervals->update_us,
1075 		.min_nr_regions = sys_nr_regions->min,
1076 		.max_nr_regions = sys_nr_regions->max,
1077 	};
1078 	return damon_set_attrs(ctx, &attrs);
1079 }
1080 
1081 static void damon_sysfs_destroy_targets(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1082 {
1083 	struct damon_target *t, *next;
1084 	bool has_pid = damon_target_has_pid(ctx);
1085 
1086 	damon_for_each_target_safe(t, next, ctx) {
1087 		if (has_pid)
1088 			put_pid(t->pid);
1089 		damon_destroy_target(t);
1090 	}
1091 }
1092 
1093 static int damon_sysfs_set_regions(struct damon_target *t,
1094 		struct damon_sysfs_regions *sysfs_regions)
1095 {
1096 	struct damon_addr_range *ranges = kmalloc_array(sysfs_regions->nr,
1097 			sizeof(*ranges), GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
1098 	int i, err = -EINVAL;
1099 
1100 	if (!ranges)
1101 		return -ENOMEM;
1102 	for (i = 0; i < sysfs_regions->nr; i++) {
1103 		struct damon_sysfs_region *sys_region =
1104 			sysfs_regions->regions_arr[i];
1105 
1106 		if (sys_region->ar.start > sys_region->ar.end)
1107 			goto out;
1108 
1109 		ranges[i].start = sys_region->ar.start;
1110 		ranges[i].end = sys_region->ar.end;
1111 		if (i == 0)
1112 			continue;
1113 		if (ranges[i - 1].end > ranges[i].start)
1114 			goto out;
1115 	}
1116 	err = damon_set_regions(t, ranges, sysfs_regions->nr);
1117 out:
1118 	kfree(ranges);
1119 	return err;
1120 
1121 }
1122 
1123 static int damon_sysfs_add_target(struct damon_sysfs_target *sys_target,
1124 		struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1125 {
1126 	struct damon_target *t = damon_new_target();
1127 	int err = -EINVAL;
1128 
1129 	if (!t)
1130 		return -ENOMEM;
1131 	damon_add_target(ctx, t);
1132 	if (damon_target_has_pid(ctx)) {
1133 		t->pid = find_get_pid(sys_target->pid);
1134 		if (!t->pid)
1135 			goto destroy_targets_out;
1136 	}
1137 	err = damon_sysfs_set_regions(t, sys_target->regions);
1138 	if (err)
1139 		goto destroy_targets_out;
1140 	return 0;
1141 
1142 destroy_targets_out:
1143 	damon_sysfs_destroy_targets(ctx);
1144 	return err;
1145 }
1146 
1147 /*
1148  * Search a target in a context that corresponds to the sysfs target input.
1149  *
1150  * Return: pointer to the target if found, NULL if not found, or negative
1151  * error code if the search failed.
1152  */
1153 static struct damon_target *damon_sysfs_existing_target(
1154 		struct damon_sysfs_target *sys_target, struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1155 {
1156 	struct pid *pid;
1157 	struct damon_target *t;
1158 
1159 	if (!damon_target_has_pid(ctx)) {
1160 		/* Up to only one target for paddr could exist */
1161 		damon_for_each_target(t, ctx)
1162 			return t;
1163 		return NULL;
1164 	}
1165 
1166 	/* ops.id should be DAMON_OPS_VADDR or DAMON_OPS_FVADDR */
1167 	pid = find_get_pid(sys_target->pid);
1168 	if (!pid)
1169 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1170 	damon_for_each_target(t, ctx) {
1171 		if (t->pid == pid) {
1172 			put_pid(pid);
1173 			return t;
1174 		}
1175 	}
1176 	put_pid(pid);
1177 	return NULL;
1178 }
1179 
1180 static int damon_sysfs_set_targets(struct damon_ctx *ctx,
1181 		struct damon_sysfs_targets *sysfs_targets)
1182 {
1183 	int i, err;
1184 
1185 	/* Multiple physical address space monitoring targets makes no sense */
1186 	if (ctx->ops.id == DAMON_OPS_PADDR && sysfs_targets->nr > 1)
1187 		return -EINVAL;
1188 
1189 	for (i = 0; i < sysfs_targets->nr; i++) {
1190 		struct damon_sysfs_target *st = sysfs_targets->targets_arr[i];
1191 		struct damon_target *t = damon_sysfs_existing_target(st, ctx);
1192 
1193 		if (IS_ERR(t))
1194 			return PTR_ERR(t);
1195 		if (!t)
1196 			err = damon_sysfs_add_target(st, ctx);
1197 		else
1198 			err = damon_sysfs_set_regions(t, st->regions);
1199 		if (err)
1200 			return err;
1201 	}
1202 	return 0;
1203 }
1204 
1205 static void damon_sysfs_before_terminate(struct damon_ctx *ctx)
1206 {
1207 	struct damon_target *t, *next;
1208 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond;
1209 
1210 	/* damon_sysfs_schemes_update_regions_stop() might not yet called */
1211 	kdamond = damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond;
1212 	if (kdamond && damon_sysfs_cmd_request.cmd ==
1213 			DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_UPDATE_SCHEMES_TRIED_REGIONS &&
1214 			ctx == kdamond->damon_ctx) {
1215 		damon_sysfs_schemes_update_regions_stop(ctx);
1216 		mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1217 	}
1218 
1219 	if (!damon_target_has_pid(ctx))
1220 		return;
1221 
1222 	mutex_lock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
1223 	damon_for_each_target_safe(t, next, ctx) {
1224 		put_pid(t->pid);
1225 		damon_destroy_target(t);
1226 	}
1227 	mutex_unlock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
1228 }
1229 
1230 /*
1231  * damon_sysfs_upd_schemes_stats() - Update schemes stats sysfs files.
1232  * @kdamond:	The kobject wrapper that associated to the kdamond thread.
1233  *
1234  * This function reads the schemes stats of specific kdamond and update the
1235  * related values for sysfs files.  This function should be called from DAMON
1236  * callbacks while holding ``damon_syfs_lock``, to safely access the DAMON
1237  * contexts-internal data and DAMON sysfs variables.
1238  */
1239 static int damon_sysfs_upd_schemes_stats(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1240 {
1241 	struct damon_ctx *ctx = kdamond->damon_ctx;
1242 
1243 	if (!ctx)
1244 		return -EINVAL;
1245 	damon_sysfs_schemes_update_stats(
1246 			kdamond->contexts->contexts_arr[0]->schemes, ctx);
1247 	return 0;
1248 }
1249 
1250 static int damon_sysfs_upd_schemes_regions_start(
1251 		struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1252 {
1253 	struct damon_ctx *ctx = kdamond->damon_ctx;
1254 
1255 	if (!ctx)
1256 		return -EINVAL;
1257 	return damon_sysfs_schemes_update_regions_start(
1258 			kdamond->contexts->contexts_arr[0]->schemes, ctx);
1259 }
1260 
1261 static int damon_sysfs_upd_schemes_regions_stop(
1262 		struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1263 {
1264 	struct damon_ctx *ctx = kdamond->damon_ctx;
1265 
1266 	if (!ctx)
1267 		return -EINVAL;
1268 	return damon_sysfs_schemes_update_regions_stop(ctx);
1269 }
1270 
1271 static int damon_sysfs_clear_schemes_regions(
1272 		struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1273 {
1274 	struct damon_ctx *ctx = kdamond->damon_ctx;
1275 
1276 	if (!ctx)
1277 		return -EINVAL;
1278 	return damon_sysfs_schemes_clear_regions(
1279 			kdamond->contexts->contexts_arr[0]->schemes, ctx);
1280 }
1281 
1282 static inline bool damon_sysfs_kdamond_running(
1283 		struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1284 {
1285 	return kdamond->damon_ctx &&
1286 		damon_sysfs_ctx_running(kdamond->damon_ctx);
1287 }
1288 
1289 static int damon_sysfs_apply_inputs(struct damon_ctx *ctx,
1290 		struct damon_sysfs_context *sys_ctx)
1291 {
1292 	int err;
1293 
1294 	err = damon_select_ops(ctx, sys_ctx->ops_id);
1295 	if (err)
1296 		return err;
1297 	err = damon_sysfs_set_attrs(ctx, sys_ctx->attrs);
1298 	if (err)
1299 		return err;
1300 	err = damon_sysfs_set_targets(ctx, sys_ctx->targets);
1301 	if (err)
1302 		return err;
1303 	return damon_sysfs_set_schemes(ctx, sys_ctx->schemes);
1304 }
1305 
1306 /*
1307  * damon_sysfs_commit_input() - Commit user inputs to a running kdamond.
1308  * @kdamond:	The kobject wrapper for the associated kdamond.
1309  *
1310  * If the sysfs input is wrong, the kdamond will be terminated.
1311  */
1312 static int damon_sysfs_commit_input(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1313 {
1314 	if (!damon_sysfs_kdamond_running(kdamond))
1315 		return -EINVAL;
1316 	/* TODO: Support multiple contexts per kdamond */
1317 	if (kdamond->contexts->nr != 1)
1318 		return -EINVAL;
1319 
1320 	return damon_sysfs_apply_inputs(kdamond->damon_ctx,
1321 			kdamond->contexts->contexts_arr[0]);
1322 }
1323 
1324 /*
1325  * damon_sysfs_cmd_request_callback() - DAMON callback for handling requests.
1326  * @c:	The DAMON context of the callback.
1327  *
1328  * This function is periodically called back from the kdamond thread for @c.
1329  * Then, it checks if there is a waiting DAMON sysfs request and handles it.
1330  */
1331 static int damon_sysfs_cmd_request_callback(struct damon_ctx *c)
1332 {
1333 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond;
1334 	static bool damon_sysfs_schemes_regions_updating;
1335 	int err = 0;
1336 
1337 	/* avoid deadlock due to concurrent state_store('off') */
1338 	if (!damon_sysfs_schemes_regions_updating &&
1339 			!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
1340 		return 0;
1341 	kdamond = damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond;
1342 	if (!kdamond || kdamond->damon_ctx != c)
1343 		goto out;
1344 	switch (damon_sysfs_cmd_request.cmd) {
1345 	case DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_UPDATE_SCHEMES_STATS:
1346 		err = damon_sysfs_upd_schemes_stats(kdamond);
1347 		break;
1348 	case DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_COMMIT:
1349 		err = damon_sysfs_commit_input(kdamond);
1350 		break;
1351 	case DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_UPDATE_SCHEMES_TRIED_REGIONS:
1352 		if (!damon_sysfs_schemes_regions_updating) {
1353 			err = damon_sysfs_upd_schemes_regions_start(kdamond);
1354 			if (!err) {
1355 				damon_sysfs_schemes_regions_updating = true;
1356 				goto keep_lock_out;
1357 			}
1358 		} else {
1359 			err = damon_sysfs_upd_schemes_regions_stop(kdamond);
1360 			damon_sysfs_schemes_regions_updating = false;
1361 		}
1362 		break;
1363 	case DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_CLEAR_SCHEMES_TRIED_REGIONS:
1364 		err = damon_sysfs_clear_schemes_regions(kdamond);
1365 		break;
1366 	default:
1367 		break;
1368 	}
1369 	/* Mark the request as invalid now. */
1370 	damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond = NULL;
1371 out:
1372 	if (!damon_sysfs_schemes_regions_updating)
1373 		mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1374 keep_lock_out:
1375 	return err;
1376 }
1377 
1378 static struct damon_ctx *damon_sysfs_build_ctx(
1379 		struct damon_sysfs_context *sys_ctx)
1380 {
1381 	struct damon_ctx *ctx = damon_new_ctx();
1382 	int err;
1383 
1384 	if (!ctx)
1385 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1386 
1387 	err = damon_sysfs_apply_inputs(ctx, sys_ctx);
1388 	if (err) {
1389 		damon_destroy_ctx(ctx);
1390 		return ERR_PTR(err);
1391 	}
1392 
1393 	ctx->callback.after_wmarks_check = damon_sysfs_cmd_request_callback;
1394 	ctx->callback.after_aggregation = damon_sysfs_cmd_request_callback;
1395 	ctx->callback.before_terminate = damon_sysfs_before_terminate;
1396 	return ctx;
1397 }
1398 
1399 static int damon_sysfs_turn_damon_on(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1400 {
1401 	struct damon_ctx *ctx;
1402 	int err;
1403 
1404 	if (damon_sysfs_kdamond_running(kdamond))
1405 		return -EBUSY;
1406 	if (damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond == kdamond)
1407 		return -EBUSY;
1408 	/* TODO: support multiple contexts per kdamond */
1409 	if (kdamond->contexts->nr != 1)
1410 		return -EINVAL;
1411 
1412 	if (kdamond->damon_ctx)
1413 		damon_destroy_ctx(kdamond->damon_ctx);
1414 	kdamond->damon_ctx = NULL;
1415 
1416 	ctx = damon_sysfs_build_ctx(kdamond->contexts->contexts_arr[0]);
1417 	if (IS_ERR(ctx))
1418 		return PTR_ERR(ctx);
1419 	err = damon_start(&ctx, 1, false);
1420 	if (err) {
1421 		damon_destroy_ctx(ctx);
1422 		return err;
1423 	}
1424 	kdamond->damon_ctx = ctx;
1425 	return err;
1426 }
1427 
1428 static int damon_sysfs_turn_damon_off(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1429 {
1430 	if (!kdamond->damon_ctx)
1431 		return -EINVAL;
1432 	return damon_stop(&kdamond->damon_ctx, 1);
1433 	/*
1434 	 * To allow users show final monitoring results of already turned-off
1435 	 * DAMON, we free kdamond->damon_ctx in next
1436 	 * damon_sysfs_turn_damon_on(), or kdamonds_nr_store()
1437 	 */
1438 }
1439 
1440 /*
1441  * damon_sysfs_handle_cmd() - Handle a command for a specific kdamond.
1442  * @cmd:	The command to handle.
1443  * @kdamond:	The kobject wrapper for the associated kdamond.
1444  *
1445  * This function handles a DAMON sysfs command for a kdamond.  For commands
1446  * that need to access running DAMON context-internal data, it requests
1447  * handling of the command to the DAMON callback
1448  * (@damon_sysfs_cmd_request_callback()) and wait until it is properly handled,
1449  * or the context is completed.
1450  *
1451  * Return: 0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
1452  */
1453 static int damon_sysfs_handle_cmd(enum damon_sysfs_cmd cmd,
1454 		struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond)
1455 {
1456 	bool need_wait = true;
1457 
1458 	/* Handle commands that doesn't access DAMON context-internal data */
1459 	switch (cmd) {
1460 	case DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_ON:
1461 		return damon_sysfs_turn_damon_on(kdamond);
1462 	case DAMON_SYSFS_CMD_OFF:
1463 		return damon_sysfs_turn_damon_off(kdamond);
1464 	default:
1465 		break;
1466 	}
1467 
1468 	/* Pass the command to DAMON callback for safe DAMON context access */
1469 	if (damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond)
1470 		return -EBUSY;
1471 	if (!damon_sysfs_kdamond_running(kdamond))
1472 		return -EINVAL;
1473 	damon_sysfs_cmd_request.cmd = cmd;
1474 	damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond = kdamond;
1475 
1476 	/*
1477 	 * wait until damon_sysfs_cmd_request_callback() handles the request
1478 	 * from kdamond context
1479 	 */
1480 	mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1481 	while (need_wait) {
1482 		schedule_timeout_idle(msecs_to_jiffies(100));
1483 		if (!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
1484 			continue;
1485 		if (!damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond) {
1486 			/* damon_sysfs_cmd_request_callback() handled */
1487 			need_wait = false;
1488 		} else if (!damon_sysfs_kdamond_running(kdamond)) {
1489 			/* kdamond has already finished */
1490 			need_wait = false;
1491 			damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond = NULL;
1492 		}
1493 		mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1494 	}
1495 	mutex_lock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1496 	return 0;
1497 }
1498 
1499 static ssize_t state_store(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
1500 		const char *buf, size_t count)
1501 {
1502 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond = container_of(kobj,
1503 			struct damon_sysfs_kdamond, kobj);
1504 	enum damon_sysfs_cmd cmd;
1505 	ssize_t ret = -EINVAL;
1506 
1507 	if (!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
1508 		return -EBUSY;
1509 	for (cmd = 0; cmd < NR_DAMON_SYSFS_CMDS; cmd++) {
1510 		if (sysfs_streq(buf, damon_sysfs_cmd_strs[cmd])) {
1511 			ret = damon_sysfs_handle_cmd(cmd, kdamond);
1512 			break;
1513 		}
1514 	}
1515 	mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1516 	if (!ret)
1517 		ret = count;
1518 	return ret;
1519 }
1520 
1521 static ssize_t pid_show(struct kobject *kobj,
1522 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
1523 {
1524 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond = container_of(kobj,
1525 			struct damon_sysfs_kdamond, kobj);
1526 	struct damon_ctx *ctx;
1527 	int pid = -1;
1528 
1529 	if (!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
1530 		return -EBUSY;
1531 	ctx = kdamond->damon_ctx;
1532 	if (!ctx)
1533 		goto out;
1534 
1535 	mutex_lock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
1536 	if (ctx->kdamond)
1537 		pid = ctx->kdamond->pid;
1538 	mutex_unlock(&ctx->kdamond_lock);
1539 out:
1540 	mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1541 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", pid);
1542 }
1543 
1544 static void damon_sysfs_kdamond_release(struct kobject *kobj)
1545 {
1546 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond *kdamond = container_of(kobj,
1547 			struct damon_sysfs_kdamond, kobj);
1548 
1549 	if (kdamond->damon_ctx)
1550 		damon_destroy_ctx(kdamond->damon_ctx);
1551 	kfree(kdamond);
1552 }
1553 
1554 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_kdamond_state_attr =
1555 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(state, 0600);
1556 
1557 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_kdamond_pid_attr =
1558 		__ATTR_RO_MODE(pid, 0400);
1559 
1560 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_kdamond_attrs[] = {
1561 	&damon_sysfs_kdamond_state_attr.attr,
1562 	&damon_sysfs_kdamond_pid_attr.attr,
1563 	NULL,
1564 };
1565 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_kdamond);
1566 
1567 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_kdamond_ktype = {
1568 	.release = damon_sysfs_kdamond_release,
1569 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
1570 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_kdamond_groups,
1571 };
1572 
1573 /*
1574  * kdamonds directory
1575  */
1576 
1577 struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds {
1578 	struct kobject kobj;
1579 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond **kdamonds_arr;
1580 	int nr;
1581 };
1582 
1583 static struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds *damon_sysfs_kdamonds_alloc(void)
1584 {
1585 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds), GFP_KERNEL);
1586 }
1587 
1588 static void damon_sysfs_kdamonds_rm_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds *kdamonds)
1589 {
1590 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond **kdamonds_arr = kdamonds->kdamonds_arr;
1591 	int i;
1592 
1593 	for (i = 0; i < kdamonds->nr; i++) {
1594 		damon_sysfs_kdamond_rm_dirs(kdamonds_arr[i]);
1595 		kobject_put(&kdamonds_arr[i]->kobj);
1596 	}
1597 	kdamonds->nr = 0;
1598 	kfree(kdamonds_arr);
1599 	kdamonds->kdamonds_arr = NULL;
1600 }
1601 
1602 static bool damon_sysfs_kdamonds_busy(struct damon_sysfs_kdamond **kdamonds,
1603 		int nr_kdamonds)
1604 {
1605 	int i;
1606 
1607 	for (i = 0; i < nr_kdamonds; i++) {
1608 		if (damon_sysfs_kdamond_running(kdamonds[i]) ||
1609 		    damon_sysfs_cmd_request.kdamond == kdamonds[i])
1610 			return true;
1611 	}
1612 
1613 	return false;
1614 }
1615 
1616 static int damon_sysfs_kdamonds_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds *kdamonds,
1617 		int nr_kdamonds)
1618 {
1619 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamond **kdamonds_arr, *kdamond;
1620 	int err, i;
1621 
1622 	if (damon_sysfs_kdamonds_busy(kdamonds->kdamonds_arr, kdamonds->nr))
1623 		return -EBUSY;
1624 
1625 	damon_sysfs_kdamonds_rm_dirs(kdamonds);
1626 	if (!nr_kdamonds)
1627 		return 0;
1628 
1629 	kdamonds_arr = kmalloc_array(nr_kdamonds, sizeof(*kdamonds_arr),
1630 			GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOWARN);
1631 	if (!kdamonds_arr)
1632 		return -ENOMEM;
1633 	kdamonds->kdamonds_arr = kdamonds_arr;
1634 
1635 	for (i = 0; i < nr_kdamonds; i++) {
1636 		kdamond = damon_sysfs_kdamond_alloc();
1637 		if (!kdamond) {
1638 			damon_sysfs_kdamonds_rm_dirs(kdamonds);
1639 			return -ENOMEM;
1640 		}
1641 
1642 		err = kobject_init_and_add(&kdamond->kobj,
1643 				&damon_sysfs_kdamond_ktype, &kdamonds->kobj,
1644 				"%d", i);
1645 		if (err)
1646 			goto out;
1647 
1648 		err = damon_sysfs_kdamond_add_dirs(kdamond);
1649 		if (err)
1650 			goto out;
1651 
1652 		kdamonds_arr[i] = kdamond;
1653 		kdamonds->nr++;
1654 	}
1655 	return 0;
1656 
1657 out:
1658 	damon_sysfs_kdamonds_rm_dirs(kdamonds);
1659 	kobject_put(&kdamond->kobj);
1660 	return err;
1661 }
1662 
1663 static ssize_t nr_kdamonds_show(struct kobject *kobj,
1664 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, char *buf)
1665 {
1666 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds *kdamonds = container_of(kobj,
1667 			struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds, kobj);
1668 
1669 	return sysfs_emit(buf, "%d\n", kdamonds->nr);
1670 }
1671 
1672 static ssize_t nr_kdamonds_store(struct kobject *kobj,
1673 		struct kobj_attribute *attr, const char *buf, size_t count)
1674 {
1675 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds *kdamonds;
1676 	int nr, err;
1677 
1678 	err = kstrtoint(buf, 0, &nr);
1679 	if (err)
1680 		return err;
1681 	if (nr < 0)
1682 		return -EINVAL;
1683 
1684 	kdamonds = container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds, kobj);
1685 
1686 	if (!mutex_trylock(&damon_sysfs_lock))
1687 		return -EBUSY;
1688 	err = damon_sysfs_kdamonds_add_dirs(kdamonds, nr);
1689 	mutex_unlock(&damon_sysfs_lock);
1690 	if (err)
1691 		return err;
1692 
1693 	return count;
1694 }
1695 
1696 static void damon_sysfs_kdamonds_release(struct kobject *kobj)
1697 {
1698 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds, kobj));
1699 }
1700 
1701 static struct kobj_attribute damon_sysfs_kdamonds_nr_attr =
1702 		__ATTR_RW_MODE(nr_kdamonds, 0600);
1703 
1704 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_kdamonds_attrs[] = {
1705 	&damon_sysfs_kdamonds_nr_attr.attr,
1706 	NULL,
1707 };
1708 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_kdamonds);
1709 
1710 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_kdamonds_ktype = {
1711 	.release = damon_sysfs_kdamonds_release,
1712 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
1713 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_kdamonds_groups,
1714 };
1715 
1716 /*
1717  * damon user interface directory
1718  */
1719 
1720 struct damon_sysfs_ui_dir {
1721 	struct kobject kobj;
1722 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds *kdamonds;
1723 };
1724 
1725 static struct damon_sysfs_ui_dir *damon_sysfs_ui_dir_alloc(void)
1726 {
1727 	return kzalloc(sizeof(struct damon_sysfs_ui_dir), GFP_KERNEL);
1728 }
1729 
1730 static int damon_sysfs_ui_dir_add_dirs(struct damon_sysfs_ui_dir *ui_dir)
1731 {
1732 	struct damon_sysfs_kdamonds *kdamonds;
1733 	int err;
1734 
1735 	kdamonds = damon_sysfs_kdamonds_alloc();
1736 	if (!kdamonds)
1737 		return -ENOMEM;
1738 
1739 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&kdamonds->kobj,
1740 			&damon_sysfs_kdamonds_ktype, &ui_dir->kobj,
1741 			"kdamonds");
1742 	if (err) {
1743 		kobject_put(&kdamonds->kobj);
1744 		return err;
1745 	}
1746 	ui_dir->kdamonds = kdamonds;
1747 	return err;
1748 }
1749 
1750 static void damon_sysfs_ui_dir_release(struct kobject *kobj)
1751 {
1752 	kfree(container_of(kobj, struct damon_sysfs_ui_dir, kobj));
1753 }
1754 
1755 static struct attribute *damon_sysfs_ui_dir_attrs[] = {
1756 	NULL,
1757 };
1758 ATTRIBUTE_GROUPS(damon_sysfs_ui_dir);
1759 
1760 static struct kobj_type damon_sysfs_ui_dir_ktype = {
1761 	.release = damon_sysfs_ui_dir_release,
1762 	.sysfs_ops = &kobj_sysfs_ops,
1763 	.default_groups = damon_sysfs_ui_dir_groups,
1764 };
1765 
1766 static int __init damon_sysfs_init(void)
1767 {
1768 	struct kobject *damon_sysfs_root;
1769 	struct damon_sysfs_ui_dir *admin;
1770 	int err;
1771 
1772 	damon_sysfs_root = kobject_create_and_add("damon", mm_kobj);
1773 	if (!damon_sysfs_root)
1774 		return -ENOMEM;
1775 
1776 	admin = damon_sysfs_ui_dir_alloc();
1777 	if (!admin) {
1778 		kobject_put(damon_sysfs_root);
1779 		return -ENOMEM;
1780 	}
1781 	err = kobject_init_and_add(&admin->kobj, &damon_sysfs_ui_dir_ktype,
1782 			damon_sysfs_root, "admin");
1783 	if (err)
1784 		goto out;
1785 	err = damon_sysfs_ui_dir_add_dirs(admin);
1786 	if (err)
1787 		goto out;
1788 	return 0;
1789 
1790 out:
1791 	kobject_put(&admin->kobj);
1792 	kobject_put(damon_sysfs_root);
1793 	return err;
1794 }
1795 subsys_initcall(damon_sysfs_init);
1796