xref: /linux/lib/vsprintf.c (revision 79b6bb73f888933cbcd20b0ef3976cde67951b72)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
6  */
7 
8 /* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
9 /*
10  * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
11  */
12 
13 /*
14  * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
15  * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
16  * So Feb  1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
17  * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
18  */
19 
20 #include <stdarg.h>
21 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
22 #include <linux/clk.h>
23 #include <linux/clk-provider.h>
24 #include <linux/errname.h>
25 #include <linux/module.h>	/* for KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN */
26 #include <linux/types.h>
27 #include <linux/string.h>
28 #include <linux/ctype.h>
29 #include <linux/kernel.h>
30 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
31 #include <linux/math64.h>
32 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
33 #include <linux/ioport.h>
34 #include <linux/dcache.h>
35 #include <linux/cred.h>
36 #include <linux/rtc.h>
37 #include <linux/uuid.h>
38 #include <linux/of.h>
39 #include <net/addrconf.h>
40 #include <linux/siphash.h>
41 #include <linux/compiler.h>
42 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
43 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
44 #endif
45 
46 #include "../mm/internal.h"	/* For the trace_print_flags arrays */
47 
48 #include <asm/page.h>		/* for PAGE_SIZE */
49 #include <asm/byteorder.h>	/* cpu_to_le16 */
50 
51 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
52 #include "kstrtox.h"
53 
54 /**
55  * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
56  * @cp: The start of the string
57  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
58  * @base: The number base to use
59  *
60  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoull instead.
61  */
62 unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
63 {
64 	unsigned long long result;
65 	unsigned int rv;
66 
67 	cp = _parse_integer_fixup_radix(cp, &base);
68 	rv = _parse_integer(cp, base, &result);
69 	/* FIXME */
70 	cp += (rv & ~KSTRTOX_OVERFLOW);
71 
72 	if (endp)
73 		*endp = (char *)cp;
74 
75 	return result;
76 }
77 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);
78 
79 /**
80  * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
81  * @cp: The start of the string
82  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
83  * @base: The number base to use
84  *
85  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoul instead.
86  */
87 unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
88 {
89 	return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
90 }
91 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);
92 
93 /**
94  * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
95  * @cp: The start of the string
96  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
97  * @base: The number base to use
98  *
99  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtol instead.
100  */
101 long simple_strtol(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
102 {
103 	if (*cp == '-')
104 		return -simple_strtoul(cp + 1, endp, base);
105 
106 	return simple_strtoul(cp, endp, base);
107 }
108 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);
109 
110 /**
111  * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
112  * @cp: The start of the string
113  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
114  * @base: The number base to use
115  *
116  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoll instead.
117  */
118 long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
119 {
120 	if (*cp == '-')
121 		return -simple_strtoull(cp + 1, endp, base);
122 
123 	return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
124 }
125 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoll);
126 
127 static noinline_for_stack
128 int skip_atoi(const char **s)
129 {
130 	int i = 0;
131 
132 	do {
133 		i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
134 	} while (isdigit(**s));
135 
136 	return i;
137 }
138 
139 /*
140  * Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used for
141  * /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
142  * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed by emitting
143  * two characters at a time, using a 200 byte lookup table. This
144  * roughly halves the number of multiplications compared to computing
145  * the digits one at a time. Implementation strongly inspired by the
146  * previous version, which in turn used ideas described at
147  * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/divide.html> (with permission
148  * from the author, Douglas W. Jones).
149  *
150  * It turns out there is precisely one 26 bit fixed-point
151  * approximation a of 64/100 for which x/100 == (x * (u64)a) >> 32
152  * holds for all x in [0, 10^8-1], namely a = 0x28f5c29. The actual
153  * range happens to be somewhat larger (x <= 1073741898), but that's
154  * irrelevant for our purpose.
155  *
156  * For dividing a number in the range [10^4, 10^6-1] by 100, we still
157  * need a 32x32->64 bit multiply, so we simply use the same constant.
158  *
159  * For dividing a number in the range [100, 10^4-1] by 100, there are
160  * several options. The simplest is (x * 0x147b) >> 19, which is valid
161  * for all x <= 43698.
162  */
163 
164 static const u16 decpair[100] = {
165 #define _(x) (__force u16) cpu_to_le16(((x % 10) | ((x / 10) << 8)) + 0x3030)
166 	_( 0), _( 1), _( 2), _( 3), _( 4), _( 5), _( 6), _( 7), _( 8), _( 9),
167 	_(10), _(11), _(12), _(13), _(14), _(15), _(16), _(17), _(18), _(19),
168 	_(20), _(21), _(22), _(23), _(24), _(25), _(26), _(27), _(28), _(29),
169 	_(30), _(31), _(32), _(33), _(34), _(35), _(36), _(37), _(38), _(39),
170 	_(40), _(41), _(42), _(43), _(44), _(45), _(46), _(47), _(48), _(49),
171 	_(50), _(51), _(52), _(53), _(54), _(55), _(56), _(57), _(58), _(59),
172 	_(60), _(61), _(62), _(63), _(64), _(65), _(66), _(67), _(68), _(69),
173 	_(70), _(71), _(72), _(73), _(74), _(75), _(76), _(77), _(78), _(79),
174 	_(80), _(81), _(82), _(83), _(84), _(85), _(86), _(87), _(88), _(89),
175 	_(90), _(91), _(92), _(93), _(94), _(95), _(96), _(97), _(98), _(99),
176 #undef _
177 };
178 
179 /*
180  * This will print a single '0' even if r == 0, since we would
181  * immediately jump to out_r where two 0s would be written but only
182  * one of them accounted for in buf. This is needed by ip4_string
183  * below. All other callers pass a non-zero value of r.
184 */
185 static noinline_for_stack
186 char *put_dec_trunc8(char *buf, unsigned r)
187 {
188 	unsigned q;
189 
190 	/* 1 <= r < 10^8 */
191 	if (r < 100)
192 		goto out_r;
193 
194 	/* 100 <= r < 10^8 */
195 	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
196 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
197 	buf += 2;
198 
199 	/* 1 <= q < 10^6 */
200 	if (q < 100)
201 		goto out_q;
202 
203 	/*  100 <= q < 10^6 */
204 	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
205 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
206 	buf += 2;
207 
208 	/* 1 <= r < 10^4 */
209 	if (r < 100)
210 		goto out_r;
211 
212 	/* 100 <= r < 10^4 */
213 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
214 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
215 	buf += 2;
216 out_q:
217 	/* 1 <= q < 100 */
218 	r = q;
219 out_r:
220 	/* 1 <= r < 100 */
221 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r];
222 	buf += r < 10 ? 1 : 2;
223 	return buf;
224 }
225 
226 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
227 static noinline_for_stack
228 char *put_dec_full8(char *buf, unsigned r)
229 {
230 	unsigned q;
231 
232 	/* 0 <= r < 10^8 */
233 	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
234 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
235 	buf += 2;
236 
237 	/* 0 <= q < 10^6 */
238 	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
239 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
240 	buf += 2;
241 
242 	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
243 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
244 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
245 	buf += 2;
246 
247 	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
248 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
249 	buf += 2;
250 	return buf;
251 }
252 
253 static noinline_for_stack
254 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
255 {
256 	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
257 		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
258 	/* 1 <= n <= 1.6e11 */
259 	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
260 		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
261 	/* 1 <= n < 1e8 */
262 	return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
263 }
264 
265 #elif BITS_PER_LONG == 32 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
266 
267 static void
268 put_dec_full4(char *buf, unsigned r)
269 {
270 	unsigned q;
271 
272 	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
273 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
274 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
275 	buf += 2;
276 	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
277 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
278 }
279 
280 /*
281  * Call put_dec_full4 on x % 10000, return x / 10000.
282  * The approximation x/10000 == (x * 0x346DC5D7) >> 43
283  * holds for all x < 1,128,869,999.  The largest value this
284  * helper will ever be asked to convert is 1,125,520,955.
285  * (second call in the put_dec code, assuming n is all-ones).
286  */
287 static noinline_for_stack
288 unsigned put_dec_helper4(char *buf, unsigned x)
289 {
290         uint32_t q = (x * (uint64_t)0x346DC5D7) >> 43;
291 
292         put_dec_full4(buf, x - q * 10000);
293         return q;
294 }
295 
296 /* Based on code by Douglas W. Jones found at
297  * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html#sixtyfour>
298  * (with permission from the author).
299  * Performs no 64-bit division and hence should be fast on 32-bit machines.
300  */
301 static
302 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
303 {
304 	uint32_t d3, d2, d1, q, h;
305 
306 	if (n < 100*1000*1000)
307 		return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
308 
309 	d1  = ((uint32_t)n >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
310 	h   = (n >> 32);
311 	d2  = (h      ) & 0xffff;
312 	d3  = (h >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
313 
314 	/* n = 2^48 d3 + 2^32 d2 + 2^16 d1 + d0
315 	     = 281_4749_7671_0656 d3 + 42_9496_7296 d2 + 6_5536 d1 + d0 */
316 	q   = 656 * d3 + 7296 * d2 + 5536 * d1 + ((uint32_t)n & 0xffff);
317 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf, q);
318 
319 	q += 7671 * d3 + 9496 * d2 + 6 * d1;
320 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+4, q);
321 
322 	q += 4749 * d3 + 42 * d2;
323 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+8, q);
324 
325 	q += 281 * d3;
326 	buf += 12;
327 	if (q)
328 		buf = put_dec_trunc8(buf, q);
329 	else while (buf[-1] == '0')
330 		--buf;
331 
332 	return buf;
333 }
334 
335 #endif
336 
337 /*
338  * Convert passed number to decimal string.
339  * Returns the length of string.  On buffer overflow, returns 0.
340  *
341  * If speed is not important, use snprintf(). It's easy to read the code.
342  */
343 int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num, unsigned int width)
344 {
345 	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
346 	char tmp[sizeof(num) * 3] __aligned(2);
347 	int idx, len;
348 
349 	/* put_dec() may work incorrectly for num = 0 (generate "", not "0") */
350 	if (num <= 9) {
351 		tmp[0] = '0' + num;
352 		len = 1;
353 	} else {
354 		len = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
355 	}
356 
357 	if (len > size || width > size)
358 		return 0;
359 
360 	if (width > len) {
361 		width = width - len;
362 		for (idx = 0; idx < width; idx++)
363 			buf[idx] = ' ';
364 	} else {
365 		width = 0;
366 	}
367 
368 	for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
369 		buf[idx + width] = tmp[len - idx - 1];
370 
371 	return len + width;
372 }
373 
374 #define SIGN	1		/* unsigned/signed, must be 1 */
375 #define LEFT	2		/* left justified */
376 #define PLUS	4		/* show plus */
377 #define SPACE	8		/* space if plus */
378 #define ZEROPAD	16		/* pad with zero, must be 16 == '0' - ' ' */
379 #define SMALL	32		/* use lowercase in hex (must be 32 == 0x20) */
380 #define SPECIAL	64		/* prefix hex with "0x", octal with "0" */
381 
382 enum format_type {
383 	FORMAT_TYPE_NONE, /* Just a string part */
384 	FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH,
385 	FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION,
386 	FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR,
387 	FORMAT_TYPE_STR,
388 	FORMAT_TYPE_PTR,
389 	FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR,
390 	FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID,
391 	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG,
392 	FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG,
393 	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG,
394 	FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE,
395 	FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE,
396 	FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT,
397 	FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT,
398 	FORMAT_TYPE_UINT,
399 	FORMAT_TYPE_INT,
400 	FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T,
401 	FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF
402 };
403 
404 struct printf_spec {
405 	unsigned int	type:8;		/* format_type enum */
406 	signed int	field_width:24;	/* width of output field */
407 	unsigned int	flags:8;	/* flags to number() */
408 	unsigned int	base:8;		/* number base, 8, 10 or 16 only */
409 	signed int	precision:16;	/* # of digits/chars */
410 } __packed;
411 static_assert(sizeof(struct printf_spec) == 8);
412 
413 #define FIELD_WIDTH_MAX ((1 << 23) - 1)
414 #define PRECISION_MAX ((1 << 15) - 1)
415 
416 static noinline_for_stack
417 char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num,
418 	     struct printf_spec spec)
419 {
420 	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
421 	char tmp[3 * sizeof(num)] __aligned(2);
422 	char sign;
423 	char locase;
424 	int need_pfx = ((spec.flags & SPECIAL) && spec.base != 10);
425 	int i;
426 	bool is_zero = num == 0LL;
427 	int field_width = spec.field_width;
428 	int precision = spec.precision;
429 
430 	/* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
431 	 * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
432 	locase = (spec.flags & SMALL);
433 	if (spec.flags & LEFT)
434 		spec.flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
435 	sign = 0;
436 	if (spec.flags & SIGN) {
437 		if ((signed long long)num < 0) {
438 			sign = '-';
439 			num = -(signed long long)num;
440 			field_width--;
441 		} else if (spec.flags & PLUS) {
442 			sign = '+';
443 			field_width--;
444 		} else if (spec.flags & SPACE) {
445 			sign = ' ';
446 			field_width--;
447 		}
448 	}
449 	if (need_pfx) {
450 		if (spec.base == 16)
451 			field_width -= 2;
452 		else if (!is_zero)
453 			field_width--;
454 	}
455 
456 	/* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
457 	i = 0;
458 	if (num < spec.base)
459 		tmp[i++] = hex_asc_upper[num] | locase;
460 	else if (spec.base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
461 		int mask = spec.base - 1;
462 		int shift = 3;
463 
464 		if (spec.base == 16)
465 			shift = 4;
466 		do {
467 			tmp[i++] = (hex_asc_upper[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
468 			num >>= shift;
469 		} while (num);
470 	} else { /* base 10 */
471 		i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
472 	}
473 
474 	/* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
475 	if (i > precision)
476 		precision = i;
477 	/* leading space padding */
478 	field_width -= precision;
479 	if (!(spec.flags & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) {
480 		while (--field_width >= 0) {
481 			if (buf < end)
482 				*buf = ' ';
483 			++buf;
484 		}
485 	}
486 	/* sign */
487 	if (sign) {
488 		if (buf < end)
489 			*buf = sign;
490 		++buf;
491 	}
492 	/* "0x" / "0" prefix */
493 	if (need_pfx) {
494 		if (spec.base == 16 || !is_zero) {
495 			if (buf < end)
496 				*buf = '0';
497 			++buf;
498 		}
499 		if (spec.base == 16) {
500 			if (buf < end)
501 				*buf = ('X' | locase);
502 			++buf;
503 		}
504 	}
505 	/* zero or space padding */
506 	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
507 		char c = ' ' + (spec.flags & ZEROPAD);
508 		BUILD_BUG_ON(' ' + ZEROPAD != '0');
509 		while (--field_width >= 0) {
510 			if (buf < end)
511 				*buf = c;
512 			++buf;
513 		}
514 	}
515 	/* hmm even more zero padding? */
516 	while (i <= --precision) {
517 		if (buf < end)
518 			*buf = '0';
519 		++buf;
520 	}
521 	/* actual digits of result */
522 	while (--i >= 0) {
523 		if (buf < end)
524 			*buf = tmp[i];
525 		++buf;
526 	}
527 	/* trailing space padding */
528 	while (--field_width >= 0) {
529 		if (buf < end)
530 			*buf = ' ';
531 		++buf;
532 	}
533 
534 	return buf;
535 }
536 
537 static noinline_for_stack
538 char *special_hex_number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int size)
539 {
540 	struct printf_spec spec;
541 
542 	spec.type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
543 	spec.field_width = 2 + 2 * size;	/* 0x + hex */
544 	spec.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
545 	spec.base = 16;
546 	spec.precision = -1;
547 
548 	return number(buf, end, num, spec);
549 }
550 
551 static void move_right(char *buf, char *end, unsigned len, unsigned spaces)
552 {
553 	size_t size;
554 	if (buf >= end)	/* nowhere to put anything */
555 		return;
556 	size = end - buf;
557 	if (size <= spaces) {
558 		memset(buf, ' ', size);
559 		return;
560 	}
561 	if (len) {
562 		if (len > size - spaces)
563 			len = size - spaces;
564 		memmove(buf + spaces, buf, len);
565 	}
566 	memset(buf, ' ', spaces);
567 }
568 
569 /*
570  * Handle field width padding for a string.
571  * @buf: current buffer position
572  * @n: length of string
573  * @end: end of output buffer
574  * @spec: for field width and flags
575  * Returns: new buffer position after padding.
576  */
577 static noinline_for_stack
578 char *widen_string(char *buf, int n, char *end, struct printf_spec spec)
579 {
580 	unsigned spaces;
581 
582 	if (likely(n >= spec.field_width))
583 		return buf;
584 	/* we want to pad the sucker */
585 	spaces = spec.field_width - n;
586 	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
587 		move_right(buf - n, end, n, spaces);
588 		return buf + spaces;
589 	}
590 	while (spaces--) {
591 		if (buf < end)
592 			*buf = ' ';
593 		++buf;
594 	}
595 	return buf;
596 }
597 
598 /* Handle string from a well known address. */
599 static char *string_nocheck(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
600 			    struct printf_spec spec)
601 {
602 	int len = 0;
603 	int lim = spec.precision;
604 
605 	while (lim--) {
606 		char c = *s++;
607 		if (!c)
608 			break;
609 		if (buf < end)
610 			*buf = c;
611 		++buf;
612 		++len;
613 	}
614 	return widen_string(buf, len, end, spec);
615 }
616 
617 static char *err_ptr(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
618 		     struct printf_spec spec)
619 {
620 	int err = PTR_ERR(ptr);
621 	const char *sym = errname(err);
622 
623 	if (sym)
624 		return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
625 
626 	/*
627 	 * Somebody passed ERR_PTR(-1234) or some other non-existing
628 	 * Efoo - or perhaps CONFIG_SYMBOLIC_ERRNAME=n. Fall back to
629 	 * printing it as its decimal representation.
630 	 */
631 	spec.flags |= SIGN;
632 	spec.base = 10;
633 	return number(buf, end, err, spec);
634 }
635 
636 /* Be careful: error messages must fit into the given buffer. */
637 static char *error_string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
638 			  struct printf_spec spec)
639 {
640 	/*
641 	 * Hard limit to avoid a completely insane messages. It actually
642 	 * works pretty well because most error messages are in
643 	 * the many pointer format modifiers.
644 	 */
645 	if (spec.precision == -1)
646 		spec.precision = 2 * sizeof(void *);
647 
648 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
649 }
650 
651 /*
652  * Do not call any complex external code here. Nested printk()/vsprintf()
653  * might cause infinite loops. Failures might break printk() and would
654  * be hard to debug.
655  */
656 static const char *check_pointer_msg(const void *ptr)
657 {
658 	if (!ptr)
659 		return "(null)";
660 
661 	if ((unsigned long)ptr < PAGE_SIZE || IS_ERR_VALUE(ptr))
662 		return "(efault)";
663 
664 	return NULL;
665 }
666 
667 static int check_pointer(char **buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
668 			 struct printf_spec spec)
669 {
670 	const char *err_msg;
671 
672 	err_msg = check_pointer_msg(ptr);
673 	if (err_msg) {
674 		*buf = error_string(*buf, end, err_msg, spec);
675 		return -EFAULT;
676 	}
677 
678 	return 0;
679 }
680 
681 static noinline_for_stack
682 char *string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
683 	     struct printf_spec spec)
684 {
685 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, s, spec))
686 		return buf;
687 
688 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
689 }
690 
691 static char *pointer_string(char *buf, char *end,
692 			    const void *ptr,
693 			    struct printf_spec spec)
694 {
695 	spec.base = 16;
696 	spec.flags |= SMALL;
697 	if (spec.field_width == -1) {
698 		spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
699 		spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
700 	}
701 
702 	return number(buf, end, (unsigned long int)ptr, spec);
703 }
704 
705 /* Make pointers available for printing early in the boot sequence. */
706 static int debug_boot_weak_hash __ro_after_init;
707 
708 static int __init debug_boot_weak_hash_enable(char *str)
709 {
710 	debug_boot_weak_hash = 1;
711 	pr_info("debug_boot_weak_hash enabled\n");
712 	return 0;
713 }
714 early_param("debug_boot_weak_hash", debug_boot_weak_hash_enable);
715 
716 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(not_filled_random_ptr_key);
717 static siphash_key_t ptr_key __read_mostly;
718 
719 static void enable_ptr_key_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
720 {
721 	get_random_bytes(&ptr_key, sizeof(ptr_key));
722 	/* Needs to run from preemptible context */
723 	static_branch_disable(&not_filled_random_ptr_key);
724 }
725 
726 static DECLARE_WORK(enable_ptr_key_work, enable_ptr_key_workfn);
727 
728 static void fill_random_ptr_key(struct random_ready_callback *unused)
729 {
730 	/* This may be in an interrupt handler. */
731 	queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &enable_ptr_key_work);
732 }
733 
734 static struct random_ready_callback random_ready = {
735 	.func = fill_random_ptr_key
736 };
737 
738 static int __init initialize_ptr_random(void)
739 {
740 	int key_size = sizeof(ptr_key);
741 	int ret;
742 
743 	/* Use hw RNG if available. */
744 	if (get_random_bytes_arch(&ptr_key, key_size) == key_size) {
745 		static_branch_disable(&not_filled_random_ptr_key);
746 		return 0;
747 	}
748 
749 	ret = add_random_ready_callback(&random_ready);
750 	if (!ret) {
751 		return 0;
752 	} else if (ret == -EALREADY) {
753 		/* This is in preemptible context */
754 		enable_ptr_key_workfn(&enable_ptr_key_work);
755 		return 0;
756 	}
757 
758 	return ret;
759 }
760 early_initcall(initialize_ptr_random);
761 
762 /* Maps a pointer to a 32 bit unique identifier. */
763 static char *ptr_to_id(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
764 		       struct printf_spec spec)
765 {
766 	const char *str = sizeof(ptr) == 8 ? "(____ptrval____)" : "(ptrval)";
767 	unsigned long hashval;
768 
769 	/* When debugging early boot use non-cryptographically secure hash. */
770 	if (unlikely(debug_boot_weak_hash)) {
771 		hashval = hash_long((unsigned long)ptr, 32);
772 		return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
773 	}
774 
775 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&not_filled_random_ptr_key)) {
776 		spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
777 		/* string length must be less than default_width */
778 		return error_string(buf, end, str, spec);
779 	}
780 
781 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
782 	hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u64((u64)ptr, &ptr_key);
783 	/*
784 	 * Mask off the first 32 bits, this makes explicit that we have
785 	 * modified the address (and 32 bits is plenty for a unique ID).
786 	 */
787 	hashval = hashval & 0xffffffff;
788 #else
789 	hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u32((u32)ptr, &ptr_key);
790 #endif
791 	return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
792 }
793 
794 int kptr_restrict __read_mostly;
795 
796 static noinline_for_stack
797 char *restricted_pointer(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
798 			 struct printf_spec spec)
799 {
800 	switch (kptr_restrict) {
801 	case 0:
802 		/* Handle as %p, hash and do _not_ leak addresses. */
803 		return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
804 	case 1: {
805 		const struct cred *cred;
806 
807 		/*
808 		 * kptr_restrict==1 cannot be used in IRQ context
809 		 * because its test for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
810 		 */
811 		if (in_irq() || in_serving_softirq() || in_nmi()) {
812 			if (spec.field_width == -1)
813 				spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
814 			return error_string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
815 		}
816 
817 		/*
818 		 * Only print the real pointer value if the current
819 		 * process has CAP_SYSLOG and is running with the
820 		 * same credentials it started with. This is because
821 		 * access to files is checked at open() time, but %pK
822 		 * checks permission at read() time. We don't want to
823 		 * leak pointer values if a binary opens a file using
824 		 * %pK and then elevates privileges before reading it.
825 		 */
826 		cred = current_cred();
827 		if (!has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG) ||
828 		    !uid_eq(cred->euid, cred->uid) ||
829 		    !gid_eq(cred->egid, cred->gid))
830 			ptr = NULL;
831 		break;
832 	}
833 	case 2:
834 	default:
835 		/* Always print 0's for %pK */
836 		ptr = NULL;
837 		break;
838 	}
839 
840 	return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
841 }
842 
843 static noinline_for_stack
844 char *dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct dentry *d, struct printf_spec spec,
845 		  const char *fmt)
846 {
847 	const char *array[4], *s;
848 	const struct dentry *p;
849 	int depth;
850 	int i, n;
851 
852 	switch (fmt[1]) {
853 		case '2': case '3': case '4':
854 			depth = fmt[1] - '0';
855 			break;
856 		default:
857 			depth = 1;
858 	}
859 
860 	rcu_read_lock();
861 	for (i = 0; i < depth; i++, d = p) {
862 		if (check_pointer(&buf, end, d, spec)) {
863 			rcu_read_unlock();
864 			return buf;
865 		}
866 
867 		p = READ_ONCE(d->d_parent);
868 		array[i] = READ_ONCE(d->d_name.name);
869 		if (p == d) {
870 			if (i)
871 				array[i] = "";
872 			i++;
873 			break;
874 		}
875 	}
876 	s = array[--i];
877 	for (n = 0; n != spec.precision; n++, buf++) {
878 		char c = *s++;
879 		if (!c) {
880 			if (!i)
881 				break;
882 			c = '/';
883 			s = array[--i];
884 		}
885 		if (buf < end)
886 			*buf = c;
887 	}
888 	rcu_read_unlock();
889 	return widen_string(buf, n, end, spec);
890 }
891 
892 static noinline_for_stack
893 char *file_dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct file *f,
894 			struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
895 {
896 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, f, spec))
897 		return buf;
898 
899 	return dentry_name(buf, end, f->f_path.dentry, spec, fmt);
900 }
901 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
902 static noinline_for_stack
903 char *bdev_name(char *buf, char *end, struct block_device *bdev,
904 		struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
905 {
906 	struct gendisk *hd;
907 
908 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bdev, spec))
909 		return buf;
910 
911 	hd = bdev->bd_disk;
912 	buf = string(buf, end, hd->disk_name, spec);
913 	if (bdev->bd_part->partno) {
914 		if (isdigit(hd->disk_name[strlen(hd->disk_name)-1])) {
915 			if (buf < end)
916 				*buf = 'p';
917 			buf++;
918 		}
919 		buf = number(buf, end, bdev->bd_part->partno, spec);
920 	}
921 	return buf;
922 }
923 #endif
924 
925 static noinline_for_stack
926 char *symbol_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
927 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
928 {
929 	unsigned long value;
930 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
931 	char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
932 #endif
933 
934 	if (fmt[1] == 'R')
935 		ptr = __builtin_extract_return_addr(ptr);
936 	value = (unsigned long)ptr;
937 
938 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
939 	if (*fmt == 'B')
940 		sprint_backtrace(sym, value);
941 	else if (*fmt != 'f' && *fmt != 's')
942 		sprint_symbol(sym, value);
943 	else
944 		sprint_symbol_no_offset(sym, value);
945 
946 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
947 #else
948 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, value, sizeof(void *));
949 #endif
950 }
951 
952 static const struct printf_spec default_str_spec = {
953 	.field_width = -1,
954 	.precision = -1,
955 };
956 
957 static const struct printf_spec default_flag_spec = {
958 	.base = 16,
959 	.precision = -1,
960 	.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL,
961 };
962 
963 static const struct printf_spec default_dec_spec = {
964 	.base = 10,
965 	.precision = -1,
966 };
967 
968 static const struct printf_spec default_dec02_spec = {
969 	.base = 10,
970 	.field_width = 2,
971 	.precision = -1,
972 	.flags = ZEROPAD,
973 };
974 
975 static const struct printf_spec default_dec04_spec = {
976 	.base = 10,
977 	.field_width = 4,
978 	.precision = -1,
979 	.flags = ZEROPAD,
980 };
981 
982 static noinline_for_stack
983 char *resource_string(char *buf, char *end, struct resource *res,
984 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
985 {
986 #ifndef IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
987 #define IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	6
988 #endif
989 
990 #ifndef MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
991 #define MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	10
992 #endif
993 	static const struct printf_spec io_spec = {
994 		.base = 16,
995 		.field_width = IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
996 		.precision = -1,
997 		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
998 	};
999 	static const struct printf_spec mem_spec = {
1000 		.base = 16,
1001 		.field_width = MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
1002 		.precision = -1,
1003 		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1004 	};
1005 	static const struct printf_spec bus_spec = {
1006 		.base = 16,
1007 		.field_width = 2,
1008 		.precision = -1,
1009 		.flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD,
1010 	};
1011 	static const struct printf_spec str_spec = {
1012 		.field_width = -1,
1013 		.precision = 10,
1014 		.flags = LEFT,
1015 	};
1016 
1017 	/* 32-bit res (sizeof==4): 10 chars in dec, 10 in hex ("0x" + 8)
1018 	 * 64-bit res (sizeof==8): 20 chars in dec, 18 in hex ("0x" + 16) */
1019 #define RSRC_BUF_SIZE		((2 * sizeof(resource_size_t)) + 4)
1020 #define FLAG_BUF_SIZE		(2 * sizeof(res->flags))
1021 #define DECODED_BUF_SIZE	sizeof("[mem - 64bit pref window disabled]")
1022 #define RAW_BUF_SIZE		sizeof("[mem - flags 0x]")
1023 	char sym[max(2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + DECODED_BUF_SIZE,
1024 		     2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + FLAG_BUF_SIZE + RAW_BUF_SIZE)];
1025 
1026 	char *p = sym, *pend = sym + sizeof(sym);
1027 	int decode = (fmt[0] == 'R') ? 1 : 0;
1028 	const struct printf_spec *specp;
1029 
1030 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, res, spec))
1031 		return buf;
1032 
1033 	*p++ = '[';
1034 	if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IO) {
1035 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "io  ", str_spec);
1036 		specp = &io_spec;
1037 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
1038 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "mem ", str_spec);
1039 		specp = &mem_spec;
1040 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IRQ) {
1041 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "irq ", str_spec);
1042 		specp = &default_dec_spec;
1043 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DMA) {
1044 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "dma ", str_spec);
1045 		specp = &default_dec_spec;
1046 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS) {
1047 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "bus ", str_spec);
1048 		specp = &bus_spec;
1049 	} else {
1050 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "??? ", str_spec);
1051 		specp = &mem_spec;
1052 		decode = 0;
1053 	}
1054 	if (decode && res->flags & IORESOURCE_UNSET) {
1055 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "size ", str_spec);
1056 		p = number(p, pend, resource_size(res), *specp);
1057 	} else {
1058 		p = number(p, pend, res->start, *specp);
1059 		if (res->start != res->end) {
1060 			*p++ = '-';
1061 			p = number(p, pend, res->end, *specp);
1062 		}
1063 	}
1064 	if (decode) {
1065 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM_64)
1066 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " 64bit", str_spec);
1067 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
1068 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " pref", str_spec);
1069 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_WINDOW)
1070 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " window", str_spec);
1071 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)
1072 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " disabled", str_spec);
1073 	} else {
1074 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " flags ", str_spec);
1075 		p = number(p, pend, res->flags, default_flag_spec);
1076 	}
1077 	*p++ = ']';
1078 	*p = '\0';
1079 
1080 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1081 }
1082 
1083 static noinline_for_stack
1084 char *hex_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1085 		 const char *fmt)
1086 {
1087 	int i, len = 1;		/* if we pass '%ph[CDN]', field width remains
1088 				   negative value, fallback to the default */
1089 	char separator;
1090 
1091 	if (spec.field_width == 0)
1092 		/* nothing to print */
1093 		return buf;
1094 
1095 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1096 		return buf;
1097 
1098 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1099 	case 'C':
1100 		separator = ':';
1101 		break;
1102 	case 'D':
1103 		separator = '-';
1104 		break;
1105 	case 'N':
1106 		separator = 0;
1107 		break;
1108 	default:
1109 		separator = ' ';
1110 		break;
1111 	}
1112 
1113 	if (spec.field_width > 0)
1114 		len = min_t(int, spec.field_width, 64);
1115 
1116 	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
1117 		if (buf < end)
1118 			*buf = hex_asc_hi(addr[i]);
1119 		++buf;
1120 		if (buf < end)
1121 			*buf = hex_asc_lo(addr[i]);
1122 		++buf;
1123 
1124 		if (separator && i != len - 1) {
1125 			if (buf < end)
1126 				*buf = separator;
1127 			++buf;
1128 		}
1129 	}
1130 
1131 	return buf;
1132 }
1133 
1134 static noinline_for_stack
1135 char *bitmap_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1136 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1137 {
1138 	const int CHUNKSZ = 32;
1139 	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1140 	int i, chunksz;
1141 	bool first = true;
1142 
1143 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1144 		return buf;
1145 
1146 	/* reused to print numbers */
1147 	spec = (struct printf_spec){ .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD, .base = 16 };
1148 
1149 	chunksz = nr_bits & (CHUNKSZ - 1);
1150 	if (chunksz == 0)
1151 		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
1152 
1153 	i = ALIGN(nr_bits, CHUNKSZ) - CHUNKSZ;
1154 	for (; i >= 0; i -= CHUNKSZ) {
1155 		u32 chunkmask, val;
1156 		int word, bit;
1157 
1158 		chunkmask = ((1ULL << chunksz) - 1);
1159 		word = i / BITS_PER_LONG;
1160 		bit = i % BITS_PER_LONG;
1161 		val = (bitmap[word] >> bit) & chunkmask;
1162 
1163 		if (!first) {
1164 			if (buf < end)
1165 				*buf = ',';
1166 			buf++;
1167 		}
1168 		first = false;
1169 
1170 		spec.field_width = DIV_ROUND_UP(chunksz, 4);
1171 		buf = number(buf, end, val, spec);
1172 
1173 		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
1174 	}
1175 	return buf;
1176 }
1177 
1178 static noinline_for_stack
1179 char *bitmap_list_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1180 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1181 {
1182 	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1183 	/* current bit is 'cur', most recently seen range is [rbot, rtop] */
1184 	int cur, rbot, rtop;
1185 	bool first = true;
1186 
1187 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1188 		return buf;
1189 
1190 	rbot = cur = find_first_bit(bitmap, nr_bits);
1191 	while (cur < nr_bits) {
1192 		rtop = cur;
1193 		cur = find_next_bit(bitmap, nr_bits, cur + 1);
1194 		if (cur < nr_bits && cur <= rtop + 1)
1195 			continue;
1196 
1197 		if (!first) {
1198 			if (buf < end)
1199 				*buf = ',';
1200 			buf++;
1201 		}
1202 		first = false;
1203 
1204 		buf = number(buf, end, rbot, default_dec_spec);
1205 		if (rbot < rtop) {
1206 			if (buf < end)
1207 				*buf = '-';
1208 			buf++;
1209 
1210 			buf = number(buf, end, rtop, default_dec_spec);
1211 		}
1212 
1213 		rbot = cur;
1214 	}
1215 	return buf;
1216 }
1217 
1218 static noinline_for_stack
1219 char *mac_address_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr,
1220 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1221 {
1222 	char mac_addr[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
1223 	char *p = mac_addr;
1224 	int i;
1225 	char separator;
1226 	bool reversed = false;
1227 
1228 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1229 		return buf;
1230 
1231 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1232 	case 'F':
1233 		separator = '-';
1234 		break;
1235 
1236 	case 'R':
1237 		reversed = true;
1238 		/* fall through */
1239 
1240 	default:
1241 		separator = ':';
1242 		break;
1243 	}
1244 
1245 	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
1246 		if (reversed)
1247 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[5 - i]);
1248 		else
1249 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[i]);
1250 
1251 		if (fmt[0] == 'M' && i != 5)
1252 			*p++ = separator;
1253 	}
1254 	*p = '\0';
1255 
1256 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, mac_addr, spec);
1257 }
1258 
1259 static noinline_for_stack
1260 char *ip4_string(char *p, const u8 *addr, const char *fmt)
1261 {
1262 	int i;
1263 	bool leading_zeros = (fmt[0] == 'i');
1264 	int index;
1265 	int step;
1266 
1267 	switch (fmt[2]) {
1268 	case 'h':
1269 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
1270 		index = 0;
1271 		step = 1;
1272 #else
1273 		index = 3;
1274 		step = -1;
1275 #endif
1276 		break;
1277 	case 'l':
1278 		index = 3;
1279 		step = -1;
1280 		break;
1281 	case 'n':
1282 	case 'b':
1283 	default:
1284 		index = 0;
1285 		step = 1;
1286 		break;
1287 	}
1288 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1289 		char temp[4] __aligned(2);	/* hold each IP quad in reverse order */
1290 		int digits = put_dec_trunc8(temp, addr[index]) - temp;
1291 		if (leading_zeros) {
1292 			if (digits < 3)
1293 				*p++ = '0';
1294 			if (digits < 2)
1295 				*p++ = '0';
1296 		}
1297 		/* reverse the digits in the quad */
1298 		while (digits--)
1299 			*p++ = temp[digits];
1300 		if (i < 3)
1301 			*p++ = '.';
1302 		index += step;
1303 	}
1304 	*p = '\0';
1305 
1306 	return p;
1307 }
1308 
1309 static noinline_for_stack
1310 char *ip6_compressed_string(char *p, const char *addr)
1311 {
1312 	int i, j, range;
1313 	unsigned char zerolength[8];
1314 	int longest = 1;
1315 	int colonpos = -1;
1316 	u16 word;
1317 	u8 hi, lo;
1318 	bool needcolon = false;
1319 	bool useIPv4;
1320 	struct in6_addr in6;
1321 
1322 	memcpy(&in6, addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
1323 
1324 	useIPv4 = ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&in6) || ipv6_addr_is_isatap(&in6);
1325 
1326 	memset(zerolength, 0, sizeof(zerolength));
1327 
1328 	if (useIPv4)
1329 		range = 6;
1330 	else
1331 		range = 8;
1332 
1333 	/* find position of longest 0 run */
1334 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1335 		for (j = i; j < range; j++) {
1336 			if (in6.s6_addr16[j] != 0)
1337 				break;
1338 			zerolength[i]++;
1339 		}
1340 	}
1341 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1342 		if (zerolength[i] > longest) {
1343 			longest = zerolength[i];
1344 			colonpos = i;
1345 		}
1346 	}
1347 	if (longest == 1)		/* don't compress a single 0 */
1348 		colonpos = -1;
1349 
1350 	/* emit address */
1351 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1352 		if (i == colonpos) {
1353 			if (needcolon || i == 0)
1354 				*p++ = ':';
1355 			*p++ = ':';
1356 			needcolon = false;
1357 			i += longest - 1;
1358 			continue;
1359 		}
1360 		if (needcolon) {
1361 			*p++ = ':';
1362 			needcolon = false;
1363 		}
1364 		/* hex u16 without leading 0s */
1365 		word = ntohs(in6.s6_addr16[i]);
1366 		hi = word >> 8;
1367 		lo = word & 0xff;
1368 		if (hi) {
1369 			if (hi > 0x0f)
1370 				p = hex_byte_pack(p, hi);
1371 			else
1372 				*p++ = hex_asc_lo(hi);
1373 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1374 		}
1375 		else if (lo > 0x0f)
1376 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1377 		else
1378 			*p++ = hex_asc_lo(lo);
1379 		needcolon = true;
1380 	}
1381 
1382 	if (useIPv4) {
1383 		if (needcolon)
1384 			*p++ = ':';
1385 		p = ip4_string(p, &in6.s6_addr[12], "I4");
1386 	}
1387 	*p = '\0';
1388 
1389 	return p;
1390 }
1391 
1392 static noinline_for_stack
1393 char *ip6_string(char *p, const char *addr, const char *fmt)
1394 {
1395 	int i;
1396 
1397 	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1398 		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1399 		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1400 		if (fmt[0] == 'I' && i != 7)
1401 			*p++ = ':';
1402 	}
1403 	*p = '\0';
1404 
1405 	return p;
1406 }
1407 
1408 static noinline_for_stack
1409 char *ip6_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1410 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1411 {
1412 	char ip6_addr[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255")];
1413 
1414 	if (fmt[0] == 'I' && fmt[2] == 'c')
1415 		ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr, addr);
1416 	else
1417 		ip6_string(ip6_addr, addr, fmt);
1418 
1419 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1420 }
1421 
1422 static noinline_for_stack
1423 char *ip4_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1424 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1425 {
1426 	char ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
1427 
1428 	ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt);
1429 
1430 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1431 }
1432 
1433 static noinline_for_stack
1434 char *ip6_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa,
1435 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1436 {
1437 	bool have_p = false, have_s = false, have_f = false, have_c = false;
1438 	char ip6_addr[sizeof("[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255]") +
1439 		      sizeof(":12345") + sizeof("/123456789") +
1440 		      sizeof("%1234567890")];
1441 	char *p = ip6_addr, *pend = ip6_addr + sizeof(ip6_addr);
1442 	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin6_addr;
1443 	char fmt6[2] = { fmt[0], '6' };
1444 	u8 off = 0;
1445 
1446 	fmt++;
1447 	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1448 		switch (*fmt) {
1449 		case 'p':
1450 			have_p = true;
1451 			break;
1452 		case 'f':
1453 			have_f = true;
1454 			break;
1455 		case 's':
1456 			have_s = true;
1457 			break;
1458 		case 'c':
1459 			have_c = true;
1460 			break;
1461 		}
1462 	}
1463 
1464 	if (have_p || have_s || have_f) {
1465 		*p = '[';
1466 		off = 1;
1467 	}
1468 
1469 	if (fmt6[0] == 'I' && have_c)
1470 		p = ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr + off, addr);
1471 	else
1472 		p = ip6_string(ip6_addr + off, addr, fmt6);
1473 
1474 	if (have_p || have_s || have_f)
1475 		*p++ = ']';
1476 
1477 	if (have_p) {
1478 		*p++ = ':';
1479 		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin6_port), spec);
1480 	}
1481 	if (have_f) {
1482 		*p++ = '/';
1483 		p = number(p, pend, ntohl(sa->sin6_flowinfo &
1484 					  IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK), spec);
1485 	}
1486 	if (have_s) {
1487 		*p++ = '%';
1488 		p = number(p, pend, sa->sin6_scope_id, spec);
1489 	}
1490 	*p = '\0';
1491 
1492 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1493 }
1494 
1495 static noinline_for_stack
1496 char *ip4_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in *sa,
1497 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1498 {
1499 	bool have_p = false;
1500 	char *p, ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255") + sizeof(":12345")];
1501 	char *pend = ip4_addr + sizeof(ip4_addr);
1502 	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin_addr.s_addr;
1503 	char fmt4[3] = { fmt[0], '4', 0 };
1504 
1505 	fmt++;
1506 	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1507 		switch (*fmt) {
1508 		case 'p':
1509 			have_p = true;
1510 			break;
1511 		case 'h':
1512 		case 'l':
1513 		case 'n':
1514 		case 'b':
1515 			fmt4[2] = *fmt;
1516 			break;
1517 		}
1518 	}
1519 
1520 	p = ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt4);
1521 	if (have_p) {
1522 		*p++ = ':';
1523 		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin_port), spec);
1524 	}
1525 	*p = '\0';
1526 
1527 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1528 }
1529 
1530 static noinline_for_stack
1531 char *ip_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
1532 		     struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1533 {
1534 	char *err_fmt_msg;
1535 
1536 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, ptr, spec))
1537 		return buf;
1538 
1539 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1540 	case '6':
1541 		return ip6_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1542 	case '4':
1543 		return ip4_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1544 	case 'S': {
1545 		const union {
1546 			struct sockaddr		raw;
1547 			struct sockaddr_in	v4;
1548 			struct sockaddr_in6	v6;
1549 		} *sa = ptr;
1550 
1551 		switch (sa->raw.sa_family) {
1552 		case AF_INET:
1553 			return ip4_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v4, spec, fmt);
1554 		case AF_INET6:
1555 			return ip6_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v6, spec, fmt);
1556 		default:
1557 			return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
1558 		}}
1559 	}
1560 
1561 	err_fmt_msg = fmt[0] == 'i' ? "(%pi?)" : "(%pI?)";
1562 	return error_string(buf, end, err_fmt_msg, spec);
1563 }
1564 
1565 static noinline_for_stack
1566 char *escaped_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1567 		     const char *fmt)
1568 {
1569 	bool found = true;
1570 	int count = 1;
1571 	unsigned int flags = 0;
1572 	int len;
1573 
1574 	if (spec.field_width == 0)
1575 		return buf;				/* nothing to print */
1576 
1577 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1578 		return buf;
1579 
1580 	do {
1581 		switch (fmt[count++]) {
1582 		case 'a':
1583 			flags |= ESCAPE_ANY;
1584 			break;
1585 		case 'c':
1586 			flags |= ESCAPE_SPECIAL;
1587 			break;
1588 		case 'h':
1589 			flags |= ESCAPE_HEX;
1590 			break;
1591 		case 'n':
1592 			flags |= ESCAPE_NULL;
1593 			break;
1594 		case 'o':
1595 			flags |= ESCAPE_OCTAL;
1596 			break;
1597 		case 'p':
1598 			flags |= ESCAPE_NP;
1599 			break;
1600 		case 's':
1601 			flags |= ESCAPE_SPACE;
1602 			break;
1603 		default:
1604 			found = false;
1605 			break;
1606 		}
1607 	} while (found);
1608 
1609 	if (!flags)
1610 		flags = ESCAPE_ANY_NP;
1611 
1612 	len = spec.field_width < 0 ? 1 : spec.field_width;
1613 
1614 	/*
1615 	 * string_escape_mem() writes as many characters as it can to
1616 	 * the given buffer, and returns the total size of the output
1617 	 * had the buffer been big enough.
1618 	 */
1619 	buf += string_escape_mem(addr, len, buf, buf < end ? end - buf : 0, flags, NULL);
1620 
1621 	return buf;
1622 }
1623 
1624 static char *va_format(char *buf, char *end, struct va_format *va_fmt,
1625 		       struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1626 {
1627 	va_list va;
1628 
1629 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, va_fmt, spec))
1630 		return buf;
1631 
1632 	va_copy(va, *va_fmt->va);
1633 	buf += vsnprintf(buf, end > buf ? end - buf : 0, va_fmt->fmt, va);
1634 	va_end(va);
1635 
1636 	return buf;
1637 }
1638 
1639 static noinline_for_stack
1640 char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1641 		  struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1642 {
1643 	char uuid[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1];
1644 	char *p = uuid;
1645 	int i;
1646 	const u8 *index = uuid_index;
1647 	bool uc = false;
1648 
1649 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1650 		return buf;
1651 
1652 	switch (*(++fmt)) {
1653 	case 'L':
1654 		uc = true;		/* fall-through */
1655 	case 'l':
1656 		index = guid_index;
1657 		break;
1658 	case 'B':
1659 		uc = true;
1660 		break;
1661 	}
1662 
1663 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
1664 		if (uc)
1665 			p = hex_byte_pack_upper(p, addr[index[i]]);
1666 		else
1667 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[index[i]]);
1668 		switch (i) {
1669 		case 3:
1670 		case 5:
1671 		case 7:
1672 		case 9:
1673 			*p++ = '-';
1674 			break;
1675 		}
1676 	}
1677 
1678 	*p = 0;
1679 
1680 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, uuid, spec);
1681 }
1682 
1683 static noinline_for_stack
1684 char *netdev_bits(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1685 		  struct printf_spec spec,  const char *fmt)
1686 {
1687 	unsigned long long num;
1688 	int size;
1689 
1690 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1691 		return buf;
1692 
1693 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1694 	case 'F':
1695 		num = *(const netdev_features_t *)addr;
1696 		size = sizeof(netdev_features_t);
1697 		break;
1698 	default:
1699 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pN?)", spec);
1700 	}
1701 
1702 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1703 }
1704 
1705 static noinline_for_stack
1706 char *address_val(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1707 		  struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1708 {
1709 	unsigned long long num;
1710 	int size;
1711 
1712 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1713 		return buf;
1714 
1715 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1716 	case 'd':
1717 		num = *(const dma_addr_t *)addr;
1718 		size = sizeof(dma_addr_t);
1719 		break;
1720 	case 'p':
1721 	default:
1722 		num = *(const phys_addr_t *)addr;
1723 		size = sizeof(phys_addr_t);
1724 		break;
1725 	}
1726 
1727 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1728 }
1729 
1730 static noinline_for_stack
1731 char *date_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1732 {
1733 	int year = tm->tm_year + (r ? 0 : 1900);
1734 	int mon = tm->tm_mon + (r ? 0 : 1);
1735 
1736 	buf = number(buf, end, year, default_dec04_spec);
1737 	if (buf < end)
1738 		*buf = '-';
1739 	buf++;
1740 
1741 	buf = number(buf, end, mon, default_dec02_spec);
1742 	if (buf < end)
1743 		*buf = '-';
1744 	buf++;
1745 
1746 	return number(buf, end, tm->tm_mday, default_dec02_spec);
1747 }
1748 
1749 static noinline_for_stack
1750 char *time_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1751 {
1752 	buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_hour, default_dec02_spec);
1753 	if (buf < end)
1754 		*buf = ':';
1755 	buf++;
1756 
1757 	buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_min, default_dec02_spec);
1758 	if (buf < end)
1759 		*buf = ':';
1760 	buf++;
1761 
1762 	return number(buf, end, tm->tm_sec, default_dec02_spec);
1763 }
1764 
1765 static noinline_for_stack
1766 char *rtc_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm,
1767 	      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1768 {
1769 	bool have_t = true, have_d = true;
1770 	bool raw = false;
1771 	int count = 2;
1772 
1773 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, tm, spec))
1774 		return buf;
1775 
1776 	switch (fmt[count]) {
1777 	case 'd':
1778 		have_t = false;
1779 		count++;
1780 		break;
1781 	case 't':
1782 		have_d = false;
1783 		count++;
1784 		break;
1785 	}
1786 
1787 	raw = fmt[count] == 'r';
1788 
1789 	if (have_d)
1790 		buf = date_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1791 	if (have_d && have_t) {
1792 		/* Respect ISO 8601 */
1793 		if (buf < end)
1794 			*buf = 'T';
1795 		buf++;
1796 	}
1797 	if (have_t)
1798 		buf = time_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1799 
1800 	return buf;
1801 }
1802 
1803 static noinline_for_stack
1804 char *time_and_date(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr, struct printf_spec spec,
1805 		    const char *fmt)
1806 {
1807 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1808 	case 'R':
1809 		return rtc_str(buf, end, (const struct rtc_time *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1810 	default:
1811 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%ptR?)", spec);
1812 	}
1813 }
1814 
1815 static noinline_for_stack
1816 char *clock(char *buf, char *end, struct clk *clk, struct printf_spec spec,
1817 	    const char *fmt)
1818 {
1819 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_CLK))
1820 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pC?)", spec);
1821 
1822 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, clk, spec))
1823 		return buf;
1824 
1825 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1826 	case 'n':
1827 	default:
1828 #ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
1829 		return string(buf, end, __clk_get_name(clk), spec);
1830 #else
1831 		return ptr_to_id(buf, end, clk, spec);
1832 #endif
1833 	}
1834 }
1835 
1836 static
1837 char *format_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags,
1838 					const struct trace_print_flags *names)
1839 {
1840 	unsigned long mask;
1841 
1842 	for ( ; flags && names->name; names++) {
1843 		mask = names->mask;
1844 		if ((flags & mask) != mask)
1845 			continue;
1846 
1847 		buf = string(buf, end, names->name, default_str_spec);
1848 
1849 		flags &= ~mask;
1850 		if (flags) {
1851 			if (buf < end)
1852 				*buf = '|';
1853 			buf++;
1854 		}
1855 	}
1856 
1857 	if (flags)
1858 		buf = number(buf, end, flags, default_flag_spec);
1859 
1860 	return buf;
1861 }
1862 
1863 static noinline_for_stack
1864 char *flags_string(char *buf, char *end, void *flags_ptr,
1865 		   struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1866 {
1867 	unsigned long flags;
1868 	const struct trace_print_flags *names;
1869 
1870 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, flags_ptr, spec))
1871 		return buf;
1872 
1873 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1874 	case 'p':
1875 		flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
1876 		/* Remove zone id */
1877 		flags &= (1UL << NR_PAGEFLAGS) - 1;
1878 		names = pageflag_names;
1879 		break;
1880 	case 'v':
1881 		flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
1882 		names = vmaflag_names;
1883 		break;
1884 	case 'g':
1885 		flags = *(gfp_t *)flags_ptr;
1886 		names = gfpflag_names;
1887 		break;
1888 	default:
1889 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pG?)", spec);
1890 	}
1891 
1892 	return format_flags(buf, end, flags, names);
1893 }
1894 
1895 static const char *device_node_name_for_depth(const struct device_node *np, int depth)
1896 {
1897 	for ( ; np && depth; depth--)
1898 		np = np->parent;
1899 
1900 	return kbasename(np->full_name);
1901 }
1902 
1903 static noinline_for_stack
1904 char *device_node_gen_full_name(const struct device_node *np, char *buf, char *end)
1905 {
1906 	int depth;
1907 	const struct device_node *parent = np->parent;
1908 
1909 	/* special case for root node */
1910 	if (!parent)
1911 		return string_nocheck(buf, end, "/", default_str_spec);
1912 
1913 	for (depth = 0; parent->parent; depth++)
1914 		parent = parent->parent;
1915 
1916 	for ( ; depth >= 0; depth--) {
1917 		buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "/", default_str_spec);
1918 		buf = string(buf, end, device_node_name_for_depth(np, depth),
1919 			     default_str_spec);
1920 	}
1921 	return buf;
1922 }
1923 
1924 static noinline_for_stack
1925 char *device_node_string(char *buf, char *end, struct device_node *dn,
1926 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1927 {
1928 	char tbuf[sizeof("xxxx") + 1];
1929 	const char *p;
1930 	int ret;
1931 	char *buf_start = buf;
1932 	struct property *prop;
1933 	bool has_mult, pass;
1934 	static const struct printf_spec num_spec = {
1935 		.flags = SMALL,
1936 		.field_width = -1,
1937 		.precision = -1,
1938 		.base = 10,
1939 	};
1940 
1941 	struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
1942 	str_spec.field_width = -1;
1943 
1944 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF))
1945 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pOF?)", spec);
1946 
1947 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, dn, spec))
1948 		return buf;
1949 
1950 	/* simple case without anything any more format specifiers */
1951 	fmt++;
1952 	if (fmt[0] == '\0' || strcspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC") > 0)
1953 		fmt = "f";
1954 
1955 	for (pass = false; strspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC"); fmt++, pass = true) {
1956 		int precision;
1957 		if (pass) {
1958 			if (buf < end)
1959 				*buf = ':';
1960 			buf++;
1961 		}
1962 
1963 		switch (*fmt) {
1964 		case 'f':	/* full_name */
1965 			buf = device_node_gen_full_name(dn, buf, end);
1966 			break;
1967 		case 'n':	/* name */
1968 			p = kbasename(of_node_full_name(dn));
1969 			precision = str_spec.precision;
1970 			str_spec.precision = strchrnul(p, '@') - p;
1971 			buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
1972 			str_spec.precision = precision;
1973 			break;
1974 		case 'p':	/* phandle */
1975 			buf = number(buf, end, (unsigned int)dn->phandle, num_spec);
1976 			break;
1977 		case 'P':	/* path-spec */
1978 			p = kbasename(of_node_full_name(dn));
1979 			if (!p[1])
1980 				p = "/";
1981 			buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
1982 			break;
1983 		case 'F':	/* flags */
1984 			tbuf[0] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DYNAMIC) ? 'D' : '-';
1985 			tbuf[1] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DETACHED) ? 'd' : '-';
1986 			tbuf[2] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED) ? 'P' : '-';
1987 			tbuf[3] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED_BUS) ? 'B' : '-';
1988 			tbuf[4] = 0;
1989 			buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, tbuf, str_spec);
1990 			break;
1991 		case 'c':	/* major compatible string */
1992 			ret = of_property_read_string(dn, "compatible", &p);
1993 			if (!ret)
1994 				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
1995 			break;
1996 		case 'C':	/* full compatible string */
1997 			has_mult = false;
1998 			of_property_for_each_string(dn, "compatible", prop, p) {
1999 				if (has_mult)
2000 					buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, ",", str_spec);
2001 				buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2002 				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
2003 				buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
2004 
2005 				has_mult = true;
2006 			}
2007 			break;
2008 		default:
2009 			break;
2010 		}
2011 	}
2012 
2013 	return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
2014 }
2015 
2016 static char *kobject_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
2017 			    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
2018 {
2019 	switch (fmt[1]) {
2020 	case 'F':
2021 		return device_node_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2022 	}
2023 
2024 	return error_string(buf, end, "(%pO?)", spec);
2025 }
2026 
2027 /*
2028  * Show a '%p' thing.  A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
2029  * by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
2030  * specifiers.
2031  *
2032  * Please update scripts/checkpatch.pl when adding/removing conversion
2033  * characters.  (Search for "check for vsprintf extension").
2034  *
2035  * Right now we handle:
2036  *
2037  * - 'S' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) with offset
2038  * - 's' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) without offset
2039  * - 'F' Same as 'S'
2040  * - 'f' Same as 's'
2041  * - '[FfSs]R' as above with __builtin_extract_return_addr() translation
2042  * - 'B' For backtraced symbolic direct pointers with offset
2043  * - 'R' For decoded struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f 64bit pref]
2044  * - 'r' For raw struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f flags 0x201]
2045  * - 'b[l]' For a bitmap, the number of bits is determined by the field
2046  *       width which must be explicitly specified either as part of the
2047  *       format string '%32b[l]' or through '%*b[l]', [l] selects
2048  *       range-list format instead of hex format
2049  * - 'M' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the address in the
2050  *       usual colon-separated hex notation
2051  * - 'm' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the hex address without colons
2052  * - 'MF' For a 6-byte MAC FDDI address, it prints the address
2053  *       with a dash-separated hex notation
2054  * - '[mM]R' For a 6-byte MAC address, Reverse order (Bluetooth)
2055  * - 'I' [46] for IPv4/IPv6 addresses printed in the usual way
2056  *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal without leading 0's (1.2.3.4)
2057  *       IPv6 uses colon separated network-order 16 bit hex with leading 0's
2058  *       [S][pfs]
2059  *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2060  *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2061  * - 'i' [46] for 'raw' IPv4/IPv6 addresses
2062  *       IPv6 omits the colons (01020304...0f)
2063  *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal with leading 0's (010.123.045.006)
2064  *       [S][pfs]
2065  *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2066  *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2067  * - '[Ii][4S][hnbl]' IPv4 addresses in host, network, big or little endian order
2068  * - 'I[6S]c' for IPv6 addresses printed as specified by
2069  *       http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5952
2070  * - 'E[achnops]' For an escaped buffer, where rules are defined by combination
2071  *                of the following flags (see string_escape_mem() for the
2072  *                details):
2073  *                  a - ESCAPE_ANY
2074  *                  c - ESCAPE_SPECIAL
2075  *                  h - ESCAPE_HEX
2076  *                  n - ESCAPE_NULL
2077  *                  o - ESCAPE_OCTAL
2078  *                  p - ESCAPE_NP
2079  *                  s - ESCAPE_SPACE
2080  *                By default ESCAPE_ANY_NP is used.
2081  * - 'U' For a 16 byte UUID/GUID, it prints the UUID/GUID in the form
2082  *       "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
2083  *       Options for %pU are:
2084  *         b big endian lower case hex (default)
2085  *         B big endian UPPER case hex
2086  *         l little endian lower case hex
2087  *         L little endian UPPER case hex
2088  *           big endian output byte order is:
2089  *             [0][1][2][3]-[4][5]-[6][7]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2090  *           little endian output byte order is:
2091  *             [3][2][1][0]-[5][4]-[7][6]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2092  * - 'V' For a struct va_format which contains a format string * and va_list *,
2093  *       call vsnprintf(->format, *->va_list).
2094  *       Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
2095  *       Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
2096  *       correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
2097  * - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users
2098  * - 'NF' For a netdev_features_t
2099  * - 'h[CDN]' For a variable-length buffer, it prints it as a hex string with
2100  *            a certain separator (' ' by default):
2101  *              C colon
2102  *              D dash
2103  *              N no separator
2104  *            The maximum supported length is 64 bytes of the input. Consider
2105  *            to use print_hex_dump() for the larger input.
2106  * - 'a[pd]' For address types [p] phys_addr_t, [d] dma_addr_t and derivatives
2107  *           (default assumed to be phys_addr_t, passed by reference)
2108  * - 'd[234]' For a dentry name (optionally 2-4 last components)
2109  * - 'D[234]' Same as 'd' but for a struct file
2110  * - 'g' For block_device name (gendisk + partition number)
2111  * - 't[R][dt][r]' For time and date as represented:
2112  *      R    struct rtc_time
2113  * - 'C' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2114  *       (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2115  * - 'Cn' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2116  *        (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2117  * - 'G' For flags to be printed as a collection of symbolic strings that would
2118  *       construct the specific value. Supported flags given by option:
2119  *       p page flags (see struct page) given as pointer to unsigned long
2120  *       g gfp flags (GFP_* and __GFP_*) given as pointer to gfp_t
2121  *       v vma flags (VM_*) given as pointer to unsigned long
2122  * - 'OF[fnpPcCF]'  For a device tree object
2123  *                  Without any optional arguments prints the full_name
2124  *                  f device node full_name
2125  *                  n device node name
2126  *                  p device node phandle
2127  *                  P device node path spec (name + @unit)
2128  *                  F device node flags
2129  *                  c major compatible string
2130  *                  C full compatible string
2131  * - 'x' For printing the address. Equivalent to "%lx".
2132  *
2133  * ** When making changes please also update:
2134  *	Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst
2135  *
2136  * Note: The default behaviour (unadorned %p) is to hash the address,
2137  * rendering it useful as a unique identifier.
2138  */
2139 static noinline_for_stack
2140 char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
2141 	      struct printf_spec spec)
2142 {
2143 	switch (*fmt) {
2144 	case 'F':
2145 	case 'f':
2146 	case 'S':
2147 	case 's':
2148 		ptr = dereference_symbol_descriptor(ptr);
2149 		/* Fallthrough */
2150 	case 'B':
2151 		return symbol_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2152 	case 'R':
2153 	case 'r':
2154 		return resource_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2155 	case 'h':
2156 		return hex_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2157 	case 'b':
2158 		switch (fmt[1]) {
2159 		case 'l':
2160 			return bitmap_list_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2161 		default:
2162 			return bitmap_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2163 		}
2164 	case 'M':			/* Colon separated: 00:01:02:03:04:05 */
2165 	case 'm':			/* Contiguous: 000102030405 */
2166 					/* [mM]F (FDDI) */
2167 					/* [mM]R (Reverse order; Bluetooth) */
2168 		return mac_address_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2169 	case 'I':			/* Formatted IP supported
2170 					 * 4:	1.2.3.4
2171 					 * 6:	0001:0203:...:0708
2172 					 * 6c:	1::708 or 1::1.2.3.4
2173 					 */
2174 	case 'i':			/* Contiguous:
2175 					 * 4:	001.002.003.004
2176 					 * 6:   000102...0f
2177 					 */
2178 		return ip_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2179 	case 'E':
2180 		return escaped_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2181 	case 'U':
2182 		return uuid_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2183 	case 'V':
2184 		return va_format(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2185 	case 'K':
2186 		return restricted_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2187 	case 'N':
2188 		return netdev_bits(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2189 	case 'a':
2190 		return address_val(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2191 	case 'd':
2192 		return dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2193 	case 't':
2194 		return time_and_date(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2195 	case 'C':
2196 		return clock(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2197 	case 'D':
2198 		return file_dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2199 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
2200 	case 'g':
2201 		return bdev_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2202 #endif
2203 
2204 	case 'G':
2205 		return flags_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2206 	case 'O':
2207 		return kobject_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2208 	case 'x':
2209 		return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2210 	case 'e':
2211 		/* %pe with a non-ERR_PTR gets treated as plain %p */
2212 		if (!IS_ERR(ptr))
2213 			break;
2214 		return err_ptr(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2215 	}
2216 
2217 	/* default is to _not_ leak addresses, hash before printing */
2218 	return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2219 }
2220 
2221 /*
2222  * Helper function to decode printf style format.
2223  * Each call decode a token from the format and return the
2224  * number of characters read (or likely the delta where it wants
2225  * to go on the next call).
2226  * The decoded token is returned through the parameters
2227  *
2228  * 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields
2229  * 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.
2230  * 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99
2231  * 'Z' changed to 'z' --adobriyan 2017-01-25
2232  * 't' added for ptrdiff_t
2233  *
2234  * @fmt: the format string
2235  * @type of the token returned
2236  * @flags: various flags such as +, -, # tokens..
2237  * @field_width: overwritten width
2238  * @base: base of the number (octal, hex, ...)
2239  * @precision: precision of a number
2240  * @qualifier: qualifier of a number (long, size_t, ...)
2241  */
2242 static noinline_for_stack
2243 int format_decode(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *spec)
2244 {
2245 	const char *start = fmt;
2246 	char qualifier;
2247 
2248 	/* we finished early by reading the field width */
2249 	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH) {
2250 		if (spec->field_width < 0) {
2251 			spec->field_width = -spec->field_width;
2252 			spec->flags |= LEFT;
2253 		}
2254 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2255 		goto precision;
2256 	}
2257 
2258 	/* we finished early by reading the precision */
2259 	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION) {
2260 		if (spec->precision < 0)
2261 			spec->precision = 0;
2262 
2263 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2264 		goto qualifier;
2265 	}
2266 
2267 	/* By default */
2268 	spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2269 
2270 	for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
2271 		if (*fmt == '%')
2272 			break;
2273 	}
2274 
2275 	/* Return the current non-format string */
2276 	if (fmt != start || !*fmt)
2277 		return fmt - start;
2278 
2279 	/* Process flags */
2280 	spec->flags = 0;
2281 
2282 	while (1) { /* this also skips first '%' */
2283 		bool found = true;
2284 
2285 		++fmt;
2286 
2287 		switch (*fmt) {
2288 		case '-': spec->flags |= LEFT;    break;
2289 		case '+': spec->flags |= PLUS;    break;
2290 		case ' ': spec->flags |= SPACE;   break;
2291 		case '#': spec->flags |= SPECIAL; break;
2292 		case '0': spec->flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
2293 		default:  found = false;
2294 		}
2295 
2296 		if (!found)
2297 			break;
2298 	}
2299 
2300 	/* get field width */
2301 	spec->field_width = -1;
2302 
2303 	if (isdigit(*fmt))
2304 		spec->field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2305 	else if (*fmt == '*') {
2306 		/* it's the next argument */
2307 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH;
2308 		return ++fmt - start;
2309 	}
2310 
2311 precision:
2312 	/* get the precision */
2313 	spec->precision = -1;
2314 	if (*fmt == '.') {
2315 		++fmt;
2316 		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
2317 			spec->precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2318 			if (spec->precision < 0)
2319 				spec->precision = 0;
2320 		} else if (*fmt == '*') {
2321 			/* it's the next argument */
2322 			spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION;
2323 			return ++fmt - start;
2324 		}
2325 	}
2326 
2327 qualifier:
2328 	/* get the conversion qualifier */
2329 	qualifier = 0;
2330 	if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
2331 	    *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
2332 		qualifier = *fmt++;
2333 		if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
2334 			if (qualifier == 'l') {
2335 				qualifier = 'L';
2336 				++fmt;
2337 			} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2338 				qualifier = 'H';
2339 				++fmt;
2340 			}
2341 		}
2342 	}
2343 
2344 	/* default base */
2345 	spec->base = 10;
2346 	switch (*fmt) {
2347 	case 'c':
2348 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR;
2349 		return ++fmt - start;
2350 
2351 	case 's':
2352 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_STR;
2353 		return ++fmt - start;
2354 
2355 	case 'p':
2356 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
2357 		return ++fmt - start;
2358 
2359 	case '%':
2360 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR;
2361 		return ++fmt - start;
2362 
2363 	/* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
2364 	case 'o':
2365 		spec->base = 8;
2366 		break;
2367 
2368 	case 'x':
2369 		spec->flags |= SMALL;
2370 		/* fall through */
2371 
2372 	case 'X':
2373 		spec->base = 16;
2374 		break;
2375 
2376 	case 'd':
2377 	case 'i':
2378 		spec->flags |= SIGN;
2379 	case 'u':
2380 		break;
2381 
2382 	case 'n':
2383 		/*
2384 		 * Since %n poses a greater security risk than
2385 		 * utility, treat it as any other invalid or
2386 		 * unsupported format specifier.
2387 		 */
2388 		/* Fall-through */
2389 
2390 	default:
2391 		WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove unsupported %%%c in format string\n", *fmt);
2392 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID;
2393 		return fmt - start;
2394 	}
2395 
2396 	if (qualifier == 'L')
2397 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG;
2398 	else if (qualifier == 'l') {
2399 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_LONG);
2400 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2401 	} else if (qualifier == 'z') {
2402 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T;
2403 	} else if (qualifier == 't') {
2404 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF;
2405 	} else if (qualifier == 'H') {
2406 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE);
2407 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2408 	} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2409 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT);
2410 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2411 	} else {
2412 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_INT);
2413 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2414 	}
2415 
2416 	return ++fmt - start;
2417 }
2418 
2419 static void
2420 set_field_width(struct printf_spec *spec, int width)
2421 {
2422 	spec->field_width = width;
2423 	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->field_width != width, "field width %d too large", width)) {
2424 		spec->field_width = clamp(width, -FIELD_WIDTH_MAX, FIELD_WIDTH_MAX);
2425 	}
2426 }
2427 
2428 static void
2429 set_precision(struct printf_spec *spec, int prec)
2430 {
2431 	spec->precision = prec;
2432 	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->precision != prec, "precision %d too large", prec)) {
2433 		spec->precision = clamp(prec, 0, PRECISION_MAX);
2434 	}
2435 }
2436 
2437 /**
2438  * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2439  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2440  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2441  * @fmt: The format string to use
2442  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2443  *
2444  * This function generally follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some
2445  * extensions and a few limitations:
2446  *
2447  *  - ``%n`` is unsupported
2448  *  - ``%p*`` is handled by pointer()
2449  *
2450  * See pointer() or Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst for more
2451  * extensive description.
2452  *
2453  * **Please update the documentation in both places when making changes**
2454  *
2455  * The return value is the number of characters which would
2456  * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
2457  * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
2458  * number of characters written into @buf as return value
2459  * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
2460  * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
2461  * string is truncated.
2462  *
2463  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using snprintf().
2464  */
2465 int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2466 {
2467 	unsigned long long num;
2468 	char *str, *end;
2469 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2470 
2471 	/* Reject out-of-range values early.  Large positive sizes are
2472 	   used for unknown buffer sizes. */
2473 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
2474 		return 0;
2475 
2476 	str = buf;
2477 	end = buf + size;
2478 
2479 	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
2480 	if (end < buf) {
2481 		end = ((void *)-1);
2482 		size = end - buf;
2483 	}
2484 
2485 	while (*fmt) {
2486 		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
2487 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2488 
2489 		fmt += read;
2490 
2491 		switch (spec.type) {
2492 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
2493 			int copy = read;
2494 			if (str < end) {
2495 				if (copy > end - str)
2496 					copy = end - str;
2497 				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
2498 			}
2499 			str += read;
2500 			break;
2501 		}
2502 
2503 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2504 			set_field_width(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2505 			break;
2506 
2507 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2508 			set_precision(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2509 			break;
2510 
2511 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
2512 			char c;
2513 
2514 			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
2515 				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2516 					if (str < end)
2517 						*str = ' ';
2518 					++str;
2519 
2520 				}
2521 			}
2522 			c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2523 			if (str < end)
2524 				*str = c;
2525 			++str;
2526 			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2527 				if (str < end)
2528 					*str = ' ';
2529 				++str;
2530 			}
2531 			break;
2532 		}
2533 
2534 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR:
2535 			str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), spec);
2536 			break;
2537 
2538 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
2539 			str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
2540 				      spec);
2541 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
2542 				fmt++;
2543 			break;
2544 
2545 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
2546 			if (str < end)
2547 				*str = '%';
2548 			++str;
2549 			break;
2550 
2551 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
2552 			/*
2553 			 * Presumably the arguments passed gcc's type
2554 			 * checking, but there is no safe or sane way
2555 			 * for us to continue parsing the format and
2556 			 * fetching from the va_list; the remaining
2557 			 * specifiers and arguments would be out of
2558 			 * sync.
2559 			 */
2560 			goto out;
2561 
2562 		default:
2563 			switch (spec.type) {
2564 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
2565 				num = va_arg(args, long long);
2566 				break;
2567 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
2568 				num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
2569 				break;
2570 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
2571 				num = va_arg(args, long);
2572 				break;
2573 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
2574 				if (spec.flags & SIGN)
2575 					num = va_arg(args, ssize_t);
2576 				else
2577 					num = va_arg(args, size_t);
2578 				break;
2579 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
2580 				num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
2581 				break;
2582 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
2583 				num = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2584 				break;
2585 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
2586 				num = (signed char) va_arg(args, int);
2587 				break;
2588 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
2589 				num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
2590 				break;
2591 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
2592 				num = (short) va_arg(args, int);
2593 				break;
2594 			case FORMAT_TYPE_INT:
2595 				num = (int) va_arg(args, int);
2596 				break;
2597 			default:
2598 				num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
2599 			}
2600 
2601 			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
2602 		}
2603 	}
2604 
2605 out:
2606 	if (size > 0) {
2607 		if (str < end)
2608 			*str = '\0';
2609 		else
2610 			end[-1] = '\0';
2611 	}
2612 
2613 	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
2614 	return str-buf;
2615 
2616 }
2617 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);
2618 
2619 /**
2620  * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2621  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2622  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2623  * @fmt: The format string to use
2624  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2625  *
2626  * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
2627  * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function
2628  * returns 0.
2629  *
2630  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using scnprintf().
2631  *
2632  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2633  */
2634 int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2635 {
2636 	int i;
2637 
2638 	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2639 
2640 	if (likely(i < size))
2641 		return i;
2642 	if (size != 0)
2643 		return size - 1;
2644 	return 0;
2645 }
2646 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);
2647 
2648 /**
2649  * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2650  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2651  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2652  * @fmt: The format string to use
2653  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2654  *
2655  * The return value is the number of characters which would be
2656  * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
2657  * as per ISO C99.  If the return is greater than or equal to
2658  * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
2659  *
2660  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2661  */
2662 int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2663 {
2664 	va_list args;
2665 	int i;
2666 
2667 	va_start(args, fmt);
2668 	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2669 	va_end(args);
2670 
2671 	return i;
2672 }
2673 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);
2674 
2675 /**
2676  * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2677  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2678  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2679  * @fmt: The format string to use
2680  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2681  *
2682  * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
2683  * the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function returns 0.
2684  */
2685 
2686 int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2687 {
2688 	va_list args;
2689 	int i;
2690 
2691 	va_start(args, fmt);
2692 	i = vscnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2693 	va_end(args);
2694 
2695 	return i;
2696 }
2697 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);
2698 
2699 /**
2700  * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2701  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2702  * @fmt: The format string to use
2703  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2704  *
2705  * The function returns the number of characters written
2706  * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
2707  * buffer overflows.
2708  *
2709  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using sprintf().
2710  *
2711  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2712  */
2713 int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2714 {
2715 	return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2716 }
2717 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);
2718 
2719 /**
2720  * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2721  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2722  * @fmt: The format string to use
2723  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2724  *
2725  * The function returns the number of characters written
2726  * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
2727  * buffer overflows.
2728  *
2729  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2730  */
2731 int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
2732 {
2733 	va_list args;
2734 	int i;
2735 
2736 	va_start(args, fmt);
2737 	i = vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2738 	va_end(args);
2739 
2740 	return i;
2741 }
2742 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);
2743 
2744 #ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
2745 /*
2746  * bprintf service:
2747  * vbin_printf() - VA arguments to binary data
2748  * bstr_printf() - Binary data to text string
2749  */
2750 
2751 /**
2752  * vbin_printf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
2753  * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
2754  * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
2755  * @fmt: The format string to use
2756  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2757  *
2758  * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, except %n is ignored, and its argument
2759  * is skipped.
2760  *
2761  * The return value is the number of words(32bits) which would be generated for
2762  * the given input.
2763  *
2764  * NOTE:
2765  * If the return value is greater than @size, the resulting bin_buf is NOT
2766  * valid for bstr_printf().
2767  */
2768 int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2769 {
2770 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2771 	char *str, *end;
2772 	int width;
2773 
2774 	str = (char *)bin_buf;
2775 	end = (char *)(bin_buf + size);
2776 
2777 #define save_arg(type)							\
2778 ({									\
2779 	unsigned long long value;					\
2780 	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
2781 		unsigned long long val8;				\
2782 		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32));			\
2783 		val8 = va_arg(args, unsigned long long);		\
2784 		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) {			\
2785 			*(u32 *)str = *(u32 *)&val8;			\
2786 			*(u32 *)(str + 4) = *((u32 *)&val8 + 1);	\
2787 		}							\
2788 		value = val8;						\
2789 	} else {							\
2790 		unsigned int val4;					\
2791 		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(type));			\
2792 		val4 = va_arg(args, int);				\
2793 		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end)				\
2794 			*(typeof(type) *)str = (type)(long)val4;	\
2795 		value = (unsigned long long)val4;			\
2796 	}								\
2797 	str += sizeof(type);						\
2798 	value;								\
2799 })
2800 
2801 	while (*fmt) {
2802 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2803 
2804 		fmt += read;
2805 
2806 		switch (spec.type) {
2807 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE:
2808 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
2809 			break;
2810 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
2811 			goto out;
2812 
2813 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2814 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2815 			width = (int)save_arg(int);
2816 			/* Pointers may require the width */
2817 			if (*fmt == 'p')
2818 				set_field_width(&spec, width);
2819 			break;
2820 
2821 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR:
2822 			save_arg(char);
2823 			break;
2824 
2825 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
2826 			const char *save_str = va_arg(args, char *);
2827 			const char *err_msg;
2828 			size_t len;
2829 
2830 			err_msg = check_pointer_msg(save_str);
2831 			if (err_msg)
2832 				save_str = err_msg;
2833 
2834 			len = strlen(save_str) + 1;
2835 			if (str + len < end)
2836 				memcpy(str, save_str, len);
2837 			str += len;
2838 			break;
2839 		}
2840 
2841 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
2842 			/* Dereferenced pointers must be done now */
2843 			switch (*fmt) {
2844 			/* Dereference of functions is still OK */
2845 			case 'S':
2846 			case 's':
2847 			case 'F':
2848 			case 'f':
2849 			case 'x':
2850 			case 'K':
2851 			case 'e':
2852 				save_arg(void *);
2853 				break;
2854 			default:
2855 				if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
2856 					save_arg(void *);
2857 					break;
2858 				}
2859 				str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
2860 					      spec);
2861 				if (str + 1 < end)
2862 					*str++ = '\0';
2863 				else
2864 					end[-1] = '\0'; /* Must be nul terminated */
2865 			}
2866 			/* skip all alphanumeric pointer suffixes */
2867 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
2868 				fmt++;
2869 			break;
2870 
2871 		default:
2872 			switch (spec.type) {
2873 
2874 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
2875 				save_arg(long long);
2876 				break;
2877 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
2878 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
2879 				save_arg(unsigned long);
2880 				break;
2881 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
2882 				save_arg(size_t);
2883 				break;
2884 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
2885 				save_arg(ptrdiff_t);
2886 				break;
2887 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
2888 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
2889 				save_arg(char);
2890 				break;
2891 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
2892 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
2893 				save_arg(short);
2894 				break;
2895 			default:
2896 				save_arg(int);
2897 			}
2898 		}
2899 	}
2900 
2901 out:
2902 	return (u32 *)(PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32))) - bin_buf;
2903 #undef save_arg
2904 }
2905 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vbin_printf);
2906 
2907 /**
2908  * bstr_printf - Format a string from binary arguments and place it in a buffer
2909  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2910  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2911  * @fmt: The format string to use
2912  * @bin_buf: Binary arguments for the format string
2913  *
2914  * This function like C99 vsnprintf, but the difference is that vsnprintf gets
2915  * arguments from stack, and bstr_printf gets arguments from @bin_buf which is
2916  * a binary buffer that generated by vbin_printf.
2917  *
2918  * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
2919  *  see vsnprintf comment for details.
2920  *
2921  * The return value is the number of characters which would
2922  * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
2923  * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
2924  * number of characters written into @buf as return value
2925  * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
2926  * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
2927  * string is truncated.
2928  */
2929 int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf)
2930 {
2931 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2932 	char *str, *end;
2933 	const char *args = (const char *)bin_buf;
2934 
2935 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
2936 		return 0;
2937 
2938 	str = buf;
2939 	end = buf + size;
2940 
2941 #define get_arg(type)							\
2942 ({									\
2943 	typeof(type) value;						\
2944 	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
2945 		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(u32));			\
2946 		*(u32 *)&value = *(u32 *)args;				\
2947 		*((u32 *)&value + 1) = *(u32 *)(args + 4);		\
2948 	} else {							\
2949 		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(type));			\
2950 		value = *(typeof(type) *)args;				\
2951 	}								\
2952 	args += sizeof(type);						\
2953 	value;								\
2954 })
2955 
2956 	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
2957 	if (end < buf) {
2958 		end = ((void *)-1);
2959 		size = end - buf;
2960 	}
2961 
2962 	while (*fmt) {
2963 		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
2964 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2965 
2966 		fmt += read;
2967 
2968 		switch (spec.type) {
2969 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
2970 			int copy = read;
2971 			if (str < end) {
2972 				if (copy > end - str)
2973 					copy = end - str;
2974 				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
2975 			}
2976 			str += read;
2977 			break;
2978 		}
2979 
2980 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2981 			set_field_width(&spec, get_arg(int));
2982 			break;
2983 
2984 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2985 			set_precision(&spec, get_arg(int));
2986 			break;
2987 
2988 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
2989 			char c;
2990 
2991 			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
2992 				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2993 					if (str < end)
2994 						*str = ' ';
2995 					++str;
2996 				}
2997 			}
2998 			c = (unsigned char) get_arg(char);
2999 			if (str < end)
3000 				*str = c;
3001 			++str;
3002 			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
3003 				if (str < end)
3004 					*str = ' ';
3005 				++str;
3006 			}
3007 			break;
3008 		}
3009 
3010 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
3011 			const char *str_arg = args;
3012 			args += strlen(str_arg) + 1;
3013 			str = string(str, end, (char *)str_arg, spec);
3014 			break;
3015 		}
3016 
3017 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR: {
3018 			bool process = false;
3019 			int copy, len;
3020 			/* Non function dereferences were already done */
3021 			switch (*fmt) {
3022 			case 'S':
3023 			case 's':
3024 			case 'F':
3025 			case 'f':
3026 			case 'x':
3027 			case 'K':
3028 			case 'e':
3029 				process = true;
3030 				break;
3031 			default:
3032 				if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3033 					process = true;
3034 					break;
3035 				}
3036 				/* Pointer dereference was already processed */
3037 				if (str < end) {
3038 					len = copy = strlen(args);
3039 					if (copy > end - str)
3040 						copy = end - str;
3041 					memcpy(str, args, copy);
3042 					str += len;
3043 					args += len + 1;
3044 				}
3045 			}
3046 			if (process)
3047 				str = pointer(fmt, str, end, get_arg(void *), spec);
3048 
3049 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
3050 				fmt++;
3051 			break;
3052 		}
3053 
3054 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3055 			if (str < end)
3056 				*str = '%';
3057 			++str;
3058 			break;
3059 
3060 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3061 			goto out;
3062 
3063 		default: {
3064 			unsigned long long num;
3065 
3066 			switch (spec.type) {
3067 
3068 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3069 				num = get_arg(long long);
3070 				break;
3071 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3072 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3073 				num = get_arg(unsigned long);
3074 				break;
3075 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3076 				num = get_arg(size_t);
3077 				break;
3078 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3079 				num = get_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3080 				break;
3081 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3082 				num = get_arg(unsigned char);
3083 				break;
3084 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3085 				num = get_arg(signed char);
3086 				break;
3087 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3088 				num = get_arg(unsigned short);
3089 				break;
3090 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3091 				num = get_arg(short);
3092 				break;
3093 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UINT:
3094 				num = get_arg(unsigned int);
3095 				break;
3096 			default:
3097 				num = get_arg(int);
3098 			}
3099 
3100 			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
3101 		} /* default: */
3102 		} /* switch(spec.type) */
3103 	} /* while(*fmt) */
3104 
3105 out:
3106 	if (size > 0) {
3107 		if (str < end)
3108 			*str = '\0';
3109 		else
3110 			end[-1] = '\0';
3111 	}
3112 
3113 #undef get_arg
3114 
3115 	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
3116 	return str - buf;
3117 }
3118 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bstr_printf);
3119 
3120 /**
3121  * bprintf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3122  * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3123  * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3124  * @fmt: The format string to use
3125  * @...: Arguments for the format string
3126  *
3127  * The function returns the number of words(u32) written
3128  * into @bin_buf.
3129  */
3130 int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
3131 {
3132 	va_list args;
3133 	int ret;
3134 
3135 	va_start(args, fmt);
3136 	ret = vbin_printf(bin_buf, size, fmt, args);
3137 	va_end(args);
3138 
3139 	return ret;
3140 }
3141 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bprintf);
3142 
3143 #endif /* CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF */
3144 
3145 /**
3146  * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3147  * @buf:	input buffer
3148  * @fmt:	format of buffer
3149  * @args:	arguments
3150  */
3151 int vsscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3152 {
3153 	const char *str = buf;
3154 	char *next;
3155 	char digit;
3156 	int num = 0;
3157 	u8 qualifier;
3158 	unsigned int base;
3159 	union {
3160 		long long s;
3161 		unsigned long long u;
3162 	} val;
3163 	s16 field_width;
3164 	bool is_sign;
3165 
3166 	while (*fmt) {
3167 		/* skip any white space in format */
3168 		/* white space in format matchs any amount of
3169 		 * white space, including none, in the input.
3170 		 */
3171 		if (isspace(*fmt)) {
3172 			fmt = skip_spaces(++fmt);
3173 			str = skip_spaces(str);
3174 		}
3175 
3176 		/* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
3177 		if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3178 			if (*fmt++ != *str++)
3179 				break;
3180 			continue;
3181 		}
3182 
3183 		if (!*fmt)
3184 			break;
3185 		++fmt;
3186 
3187 		/* skip this conversion.
3188 		 * advance both strings to next white space
3189 		 */
3190 		if (*fmt == '*') {
3191 			if (!*str)
3192 				break;
3193 			while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3194 				/* '%*[' not yet supported, invalid format */
3195 				if (*fmt == '[')
3196 					return num;
3197 				fmt++;
3198 			}
3199 			while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
3200 				str++;
3201 			continue;
3202 		}
3203 
3204 		/* get field width */
3205 		field_width = -1;
3206 		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
3207 			field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
3208 			if (field_width <= 0)
3209 				break;
3210 		}
3211 
3212 		/* get conversion qualifier */
3213 		qualifier = -1;
3214 		if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
3215 		    *fmt == 'z') {
3216 			qualifier = *fmt++;
3217 			if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
3218 				if (qualifier == 'h') {
3219 					qualifier = 'H';
3220 					fmt++;
3221 				} else if (qualifier == 'l') {
3222 					qualifier = 'L';
3223 					fmt++;
3224 				}
3225 			}
3226 		}
3227 
3228 		if (!*fmt)
3229 			break;
3230 
3231 		if (*fmt == 'n') {
3232 			/* return number of characters read so far */
3233 			*va_arg(args, int *) = str - buf;
3234 			++fmt;
3235 			continue;
3236 		}
3237 
3238 		if (!*str)
3239 			break;
3240 
3241 		base = 10;
3242 		is_sign = false;
3243 
3244 		switch (*fmt++) {
3245 		case 'c':
3246 		{
3247 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char*);
3248 			if (field_width == -1)
3249 				field_width = 1;
3250 			do {
3251 				*s++ = *str++;
3252 			} while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
3253 			num++;
3254 		}
3255 		continue;
3256 		case 's':
3257 		{
3258 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3259 			if (field_width == -1)
3260 				field_width = SHRT_MAX;
3261 			/* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
3262 			str = skip_spaces(str);
3263 
3264 			/* now copy until next white space */
3265 			while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--)
3266 				*s++ = *str++;
3267 			*s = '\0';
3268 			num++;
3269 		}
3270 		continue;
3271 		/*
3272 		 * Warning: This implementation of the '[' conversion specifier
3273 		 * deviates from its glibc counterpart in the following ways:
3274 		 * (1) It does NOT support ranges i.e. '-' is NOT a special
3275 		 *     character
3276 		 * (2) It cannot match the closing bracket ']' itself
3277 		 * (3) A field width is required
3278 		 * (4) '%*[' (discard matching input) is currently not supported
3279 		 *
3280 		 * Example usage:
3281 		 * ret = sscanf("00:0a:95","%2[^:]:%2[^:]:%2[^:]",
3282 		 *		buf1, buf2, buf3);
3283 		 * if (ret < 3)
3284 		 *    // etc..
3285 		 */
3286 		case '[':
3287 		{
3288 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3289 			DECLARE_BITMAP(set, 256) = {0};
3290 			unsigned int len = 0;
3291 			bool negate = (*fmt == '^');
3292 
3293 			/* field width is required */
3294 			if (field_width == -1)
3295 				return num;
3296 
3297 			if (negate)
3298 				++fmt;
3299 
3300 			for ( ; *fmt && *fmt != ']'; ++fmt, ++len)
3301 				set_bit((u8)*fmt, set);
3302 
3303 			/* no ']' or no character set found */
3304 			if (!*fmt || !len)
3305 				return num;
3306 			++fmt;
3307 
3308 			if (negate) {
3309 				bitmap_complement(set, set, 256);
3310 				/* exclude null '\0' byte */
3311 				clear_bit(0, set);
3312 			}
3313 
3314 			/* match must be non-empty */
3315 			if (!test_bit((u8)*str, set))
3316 				return num;
3317 
3318 			while (test_bit((u8)*str, set) && field_width--)
3319 				*s++ = *str++;
3320 			*s = '\0';
3321 			++num;
3322 		}
3323 		continue;
3324 		case 'o':
3325 			base = 8;
3326 			break;
3327 		case 'x':
3328 		case 'X':
3329 			base = 16;
3330 			break;
3331 		case 'i':
3332 			base = 0;
3333 			/* fall through */
3334 		case 'd':
3335 			is_sign = true;
3336 			/* fall through */
3337 		case 'u':
3338 			break;
3339 		case '%':
3340 			/* looking for '%' in str */
3341 			if (*str++ != '%')
3342 				return num;
3343 			continue;
3344 		default:
3345 			/* invalid format; stop here */
3346 			return num;
3347 		}
3348 
3349 		/* have some sort of integer conversion.
3350 		 * first, skip white space in buffer.
3351 		 */
3352 		str = skip_spaces(str);
3353 
3354 		digit = *str;
3355 		if (is_sign && digit == '-')
3356 			digit = *(str + 1);
3357 
3358 		if (!digit
3359 		    || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
3360 		    || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
3361 		    || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
3362 		    || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
3363 			break;
3364 
3365 		if (is_sign)
3366 			val.s = qualifier != 'L' ?
3367 				simple_strtol(str, &next, base) :
3368 				simple_strtoll(str, &next, base);
3369 		else
3370 			val.u = qualifier != 'L' ?
3371 				simple_strtoul(str, &next, base) :
3372 				simple_strtoull(str, &next, base);
3373 
3374 		if (field_width > 0 && next - str > field_width) {
3375 			if (base == 0)
3376 				_parse_integer_fixup_radix(str, &base);
3377 			while (next - str > field_width) {
3378 				if (is_sign)
3379 					val.s = div_s64(val.s, base);
3380 				else
3381 					val.u = div_u64(val.u, base);
3382 				--next;
3383 			}
3384 		}
3385 
3386 		switch (qualifier) {
3387 		case 'H':	/* that's 'hh' in format */
3388 			if (is_sign)
3389 				*va_arg(args, signed char *) = val.s;
3390 			else
3391 				*va_arg(args, unsigned char *) = val.u;
3392 			break;
3393 		case 'h':
3394 			if (is_sign)
3395 				*va_arg(args, short *) = val.s;
3396 			else
3397 				*va_arg(args, unsigned short *) = val.u;
3398 			break;
3399 		case 'l':
3400 			if (is_sign)
3401 				*va_arg(args, long *) = val.s;
3402 			else
3403 				*va_arg(args, unsigned long *) = val.u;
3404 			break;
3405 		case 'L':
3406 			if (is_sign)
3407 				*va_arg(args, long long *) = val.s;
3408 			else
3409 				*va_arg(args, unsigned long long *) = val.u;
3410 			break;
3411 		case 'z':
3412 			*va_arg(args, size_t *) = val.u;
3413 			break;
3414 		default:
3415 			if (is_sign)
3416 				*va_arg(args, int *) = val.s;
3417 			else
3418 				*va_arg(args, unsigned int *) = val.u;
3419 			break;
3420 		}
3421 		num++;
3422 
3423 		if (!next)
3424 			break;
3425 		str = next;
3426 	}
3427 
3428 	return num;
3429 }
3430 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);
3431 
3432 /**
3433  * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3434  * @buf:	input buffer
3435  * @fmt:	formatting of buffer
3436  * @...:	resulting arguments
3437  */
3438 int sscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
3439 {
3440 	va_list args;
3441 	int i;
3442 
3443 	va_start(args, fmt);
3444 	i = vsscanf(buf, fmt, args);
3445 	va_end(args);
3446 
3447 	return i;
3448 }
3449 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);
3450