xref: /linux/lib/vsprintf.c (revision 71e2f4dd5a65bd8dbca0b77661e75eea471168f8)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/lib/vsprintf.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
6  */
7 
8 /* vsprintf.c -- Lars Wirzenius & Linus Torvalds. */
9 /*
10  * Wirzenius wrote this portably, Torvalds fucked it up :-)
11  */
12 
13 /*
14  * Fri Jul 13 2001 Crutcher Dunnavant <crutcher+kernel@datastacks.com>
15  * - changed to provide snprintf and vsnprintf functions
16  * So Feb  1 16:51:32 CET 2004 Juergen Quade <quade@hsnr.de>
17  * - scnprintf and vscnprintf
18  */
19 
20 #include <stdarg.h>
21 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
22 #include <linux/clk.h>
23 #include <linux/clk-provider.h>
24 #include <linux/module.h>	/* for KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN */
25 #include <linux/types.h>
26 #include <linux/string.h>
27 #include <linux/ctype.h>
28 #include <linux/kernel.h>
29 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
30 #include <linux/math64.h>
31 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
32 #include <linux/ioport.h>
33 #include <linux/dcache.h>
34 #include <linux/cred.h>
35 #include <linux/rtc.h>
36 #include <linux/uuid.h>
37 #include <linux/of.h>
38 #include <net/addrconf.h>
39 #include <linux/siphash.h>
40 #include <linux/compiler.h>
41 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
42 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
43 #endif
44 
45 #include "../mm/internal.h"	/* For the trace_print_flags arrays */
46 
47 #include <asm/page.h>		/* for PAGE_SIZE */
48 #include <asm/byteorder.h>	/* cpu_to_le16 */
49 
50 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
51 #include "kstrtox.h"
52 
53 /**
54  * simple_strtoull - convert a string to an unsigned long long
55  * @cp: The start of the string
56  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
57  * @base: The number base to use
58  *
59  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoull instead.
60  */
61 unsigned long long simple_strtoull(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
62 {
63 	unsigned long long result;
64 	unsigned int rv;
65 
66 	cp = _parse_integer_fixup_radix(cp, &base);
67 	rv = _parse_integer(cp, base, &result);
68 	/* FIXME */
69 	cp += (rv & ~KSTRTOX_OVERFLOW);
70 
71 	if (endp)
72 		*endp = (char *)cp;
73 
74 	return result;
75 }
76 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoull);
77 
78 /**
79  * simple_strtoul - convert a string to an unsigned long
80  * @cp: The start of the string
81  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
82  * @base: The number base to use
83  *
84  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoul instead.
85  */
86 unsigned long simple_strtoul(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
87 {
88 	return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
89 }
90 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoul);
91 
92 /**
93  * simple_strtol - convert a string to a signed long
94  * @cp: The start of the string
95  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
96  * @base: The number base to use
97  *
98  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtol instead.
99  */
100 long simple_strtol(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
101 {
102 	if (*cp == '-')
103 		return -simple_strtoul(cp + 1, endp, base);
104 
105 	return simple_strtoul(cp, endp, base);
106 }
107 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtol);
108 
109 /**
110  * simple_strtoll - convert a string to a signed long long
111  * @cp: The start of the string
112  * @endp: A pointer to the end of the parsed string will be placed here
113  * @base: The number base to use
114  *
115  * This function is obsolete. Please use kstrtoll instead.
116  */
117 long long simple_strtoll(const char *cp, char **endp, unsigned int base)
118 {
119 	if (*cp == '-')
120 		return -simple_strtoull(cp + 1, endp, base);
121 
122 	return simple_strtoull(cp, endp, base);
123 }
124 EXPORT_SYMBOL(simple_strtoll);
125 
126 static noinline_for_stack
127 int skip_atoi(const char **s)
128 {
129 	int i = 0;
130 
131 	do {
132 		i = i*10 + *((*s)++) - '0';
133 	} while (isdigit(**s));
134 
135 	return i;
136 }
137 
138 /*
139  * Decimal conversion is by far the most typical, and is used for
140  * /proc and /sys data. This directly impacts e.g. top performance
141  * with many processes running. We optimize it for speed by emitting
142  * two characters at a time, using a 200 byte lookup table. This
143  * roughly halves the number of multiplications compared to computing
144  * the digits one at a time. Implementation strongly inspired by the
145  * previous version, which in turn used ideas described at
146  * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/divide.html> (with permission
147  * from the author, Douglas W. Jones).
148  *
149  * It turns out there is precisely one 26 bit fixed-point
150  * approximation a of 64/100 for which x/100 == (x * (u64)a) >> 32
151  * holds for all x in [0, 10^8-1], namely a = 0x28f5c29. The actual
152  * range happens to be somewhat larger (x <= 1073741898), but that's
153  * irrelevant for our purpose.
154  *
155  * For dividing a number in the range [10^4, 10^6-1] by 100, we still
156  * need a 32x32->64 bit multiply, so we simply use the same constant.
157  *
158  * For dividing a number in the range [100, 10^4-1] by 100, there are
159  * several options. The simplest is (x * 0x147b) >> 19, which is valid
160  * for all x <= 43698.
161  */
162 
163 static const u16 decpair[100] = {
164 #define _(x) (__force u16) cpu_to_le16(((x % 10) | ((x / 10) << 8)) + 0x3030)
165 	_( 0), _( 1), _( 2), _( 3), _( 4), _( 5), _( 6), _( 7), _( 8), _( 9),
166 	_(10), _(11), _(12), _(13), _(14), _(15), _(16), _(17), _(18), _(19),
167 	_(20), _(21), _(22), _(23), _(24), _(25), _(26), _(27), _(28), _(29),
168 	_(30), _(31), _(32), _(33), _(34), _(35), _(36), _(37), _(38), _(39),
169 	_(40), _(41), _(42), _(43), _(44), _(45), _(46), _(47), _(48), _(49),
170 	_(50), _(51), _(52), _(53), _(54), _(55), _(56), _(57), _(58), _(59),
171 	_(60), _(61), _(62), _(63), _(64), _(65), _(66), _(67), _(68), _(69),
172 	_(70), _(71), _(72), _(73), _(74), _(75), _(76), _(77), _(78), _(79),
173 	_(80), _(81), _(82), _(83), _(84), _(85), _(86), _(87), _(88), _(89),
174 	_(90), _(91), _(92), _(93), _(94), _(95), _(96), _(97), _(98), _(99),
175 #undef _
176 };
177 
178 /*
179  * This will print a single '0' even if r == 0, since we would
180  * immediately jump to out_r where two 0s would be written but only
181  * one of them accounted for in buf. This is needed by ip4_string
182  * below. All other callers pass a non-zero value of r.
183 */
184 static noinline_for_stack
185 char *put_dec_trunc8(char *buf, unsigned r)
186 {
187 	unsigned q;
188 
189 	/* 1 <= r < 10^8 */
190 	if (r < 100)
191 		goto out_r;
192 
193 	/* 100 <= r < 10^8 */
194 	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
195 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
196 	buf += 2;
197 
198 	/* 1 <= q < 10^6 */
199 	if (q < 100)
200 		goto out_q;
201 
202 	/*  100 <= q < 10^6 */
203 	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
204 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
205 	buf += 2;
206 
207 	/* 1 <= r < 10^4 */
208 	if (r < 100)
209 		goto out_r;
210 
211 	/* 100 <= r < 10^4 */
212 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
213 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
214 	buf += 2;
215 out_q:
216 	/* 1 <= q < 100 */
217 	r = q;
218 out_r:
219 	/* 1 <= r < 100 */
220 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r];
221 	buf += r < 10 ? 1 : 2;
222 	return buf;
223 }
224 
225 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
226 static noinline_for_stack
227 char *put_dec_full8(char *buf, unsigned r)
228 {
229 	unsigned q;
230 
231 	/* 0 <= r < 10^8 */
232 	q = (r * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
233 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
234 	buf += 2;
235 
236 	/* 0 <= q < 10^6 */
237 	r = (q * (u64)0x28f5c29) >> 32;
238 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q - 100*r];
239 	buf += 2;
240 
241 	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
242 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
243 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
244 	buf += 2;
245 
246 	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
247 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
248 	buf += 2;
249 	return buf;
250 }
251 
252 static noinline_for_stack
253 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
254 {
255 	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
256 		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
257 	/* 1 <= n <= 1.6e11 */
258 	if (n >= 100*1000*1000)
259 		buf = put_dec_full8(buf, do_div(n, 100*1000*1000));
260 	/* 1 <= n < 1e8 */
261 	return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
262 }
263 
264 #elif BITS_PER_LONG == 32 && BITS_PER_LONG_LONG == 64
265 
266 static void
267 put_dec_full4(char *buf, unsigned r)
268 {
269 	unsigned q;
270 
271 	/* 0 <= r < 10^4 */
272 	q = (r * 0x147b) >> 19;
273 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[r - 100*q];
274 	buf += 2;
275 	/* 0 <= q < 100 */
276 	*((u16 *)buf) = decpair[q];
277 }
278 
279 /*
280  * Call put_dec_full4 on x % 10000, return x / 10000.
281  * The approximation x/10000 == (x * 0x346DC5D7) >> 43
282  * holds for all x < 1,128,869,999.  The largest value this
283  * helper will ever be asked to convert is 1,125,520,955.
284  * (second call in the put_dec code, assuming n is all-ones).
285  */
286 static noinline_for_stack
287 unsigned put_dec_helper4(char *buf, unsigned x)
288 {
289         uint32_t q = (x * (uint64_t)0x346DC5D7) >> 43;
290 
291         put_dec_full4(buf, x - q * 10000);
292         return q;
293 }
294 
295 /* Based on code by Douglas W. Jones found at
296  * <http://www.cs.uiowa.edu/~jones/bcd/decimal.html#sixtyfour>
297  * (with permission from the author).
298  * Performs no 64-bit division and hence should be fast on 32-bit machines.
299  */
300 static
301 char *put_dec(char *buf, unsigned long long n)
302 {
303 	uint32_t d3, d2, d1, q, h;
304 
305 	if (n < 100*1000*1000)
306 		return put_dec_trunc8(buf, n);
307 
308 	d1  = ((uint32_t)n >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
309 	h   = (n >> 32);
310 	d2  = (h      ) & 0xffff;
311 	d3  = (h >> 16); /* implicit "& 0xffff" */
312 
313 	/* n = 2^48 d3 + 2^32 d2 + 2^16 d1 + d0
314 	     = 281_4749_7671_0656 d3 + 42_9496_7296 d2 + 6_5536 d1 + d0 */
315 	q   = 656 * d3 + 7296 * d2 + 5536 * d1 + ((uint32_t)n & 0xffff);
316 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf, q);
317 
318 	q += 7671 * d3 + 9496 * d2 + 6 * d1;
319 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+4, q);
320 
321 	q += 4749 * d3 + 42 * d2;
322 	q = put_dec_helper4(buf+8, q);
323 
324 	q += 281 * d3;
325 	buf += 12;
326 	if (q)
327 		buf = put_dec_trunc8(buf, q);
328 	else while (buf[-1] == '0')
329 		--buf;
330 
331 	return buf;
332 }
333 
334 #endif
335 
336 /*
337  * Convert passed number to decimal string.
338  * Returns the length of string.  On buffer overflow, returns 0.
339  *
340  * If speed is not important, use snprintf(). It's easy to read the code.
341  */
342 int num_to_str(char *buf, int size, unsigned long long num, unsigned int width)
343 {
344 	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
345 	char tmp[sizeof(num) * 3] __aligned(2);
346 	int idx, len;
347 
348 	/* put_dec() may work incorrectly for num = 0 (generate "", not "0") */
349 	if (num <= 9) {
350 		tmp[0] = '0' + num;
351 		len = 1;
352 	} else {
353 		len = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
354 	}
355 
356 	if (len > size || width > size)
357 		return 0;
358 
359 	if (width > len) {
360 		width = width - len;
361 		for (idx = 0; idx < width; idx++)
362 			buf[idx] = ' ';
363 	} else {
364 		width = 0;
365 	}
366 
367 	for (idx = 0; idx < len; ++idx)
368 		buf[idx + width] = tmp[len - idx - 1];
369 
370 	return len + width;
371 }
372 
373 #define SIGN	1		/* unsigned/signed, must be 1 */
374 #define LEFT	2		/* left justified */
375 #define PLUS	4		/* show plus */
376 #define SPACE	8		/* space if plus */
377 #define ZEROPAD	16		/* pad with zero, must be 16 == '0' - ' ' */
378 #define SMALL	32		/* use lowercase in hex (must be 32 == 0x20) */
379 #define SPECIAL	64		/* prefix hex with "0x", octal with "0" */
380 
381 enum format_type {
382 	FORMAT_TYPE_NONE, /* Just a string part */
383 	FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH,
384 	FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION,
385 	FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR,
386 	FORMAT_TYPE_STR,
387 	FORMAT_TYPE_PTR,
388 	FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR,
389 	FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID,
390 	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG,
391 	FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG,
392 	FORMAT_TYPE_LONG,
393 	FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE,
394 	FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE,
395 	FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT,
396 	FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT,
397 	FORMAT_TYPE_UINT,
398 	FORMAT_TYPE_INT,
399 	FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T,
400 	FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF
401 };
402 
403 struct printf_spec {
404 	unsigned int	type:8;		/* format_type enum */
405 	signed int	field_width:24;	/* width of output field */
406 	unsigned int	flags:8;	/* flags to number() */
407 	unsigned int	base:8;		/* number base, 8, 10 or 16 only */
408 	signed int	precision:16;	/* # of digits/chars */
409 } __packed;
410 static_assert(sizeof(struct printf_spec) == 8);
411 
412 #define FIELD_WIDTH_MAX ((1 << 23) - 1)
413 #define PRECISION_MAX ((1 << 15) - 1)
414 
415 static noinline_for_stack
416 char *number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num,
417 	     struct printf_spec spec)
418 {
419 	/* put_dec requires 2-byte alignment of the buffer. */
420 	char tmp[3 * sizeof(num)] __aligned(2);
421 	char sign;
422 	char locase;
423 	int need_pfx = ((spec.flags & SPECIAL) && spec.base != 10);
424 	int i;
425 	bool is_zero = num == 0LL;
426 	int field_width = spec.field_width;
427 	int precision = spec.precision;
428 
429 	/* locase = 0 or 0x20. ORing digits or letters with 'locase'
430 	 * produces same digits or (maybe lowercased) letters */
431 	locase = (spec.flags & SMALL);
432 	if (spec.flags & LEFT)
433 		spec.flags &= ~ZEROPAD;
434 	sign = 0;
435 	if (spec.flags & SIGN) {
436 		if ((signed long long)num < 0) {
437 			sign = '-';
438 			num = -(signed long long)num;
439 			field_width--;
440 		} else if (spec.flags & PLUS) {
441 			sign = '+';
442 			field_width--;
443 		} else if (spec.flags & SPACE) {
444 			sign = ' ';
445 			field_width--;
446 		}
447 	}
448 	if (need_pfx) {
449 		if (spec.base == 16)
450 			field_width -= 2;
451 		else if (!is_zero)
452 			field_width--;
453 	}
454 
455 	/* generate full string in tmp[], in reverse order */
456 	i = 0;
457 	if (num < spec.base)
458 		tmp[i++] = hex_asc_upper[num] | locase;
459 	else if (spec.base != 10) { /* 8 or 16 */
460 		int mask = spec.base - 1;
461 		int shift = 3;
462 
463 		if (spec.base == 16)
464 			shift = 4;
465 		do {
466 			tmp[i++] = (hex_asc_upper[((unsigned char)num) & mask] | locase);
467 			num >>= shift;
468 		} while (num);
469 	} else { /* base 10 */
470 		i = put_dec(tmp, num) - tmp;
471 	}
472 
473 	/* printing 100 using %2d gives "100", not "00" */
474 	if (i > precision)
475 		precision = i;
476 	/* leading space padding */
477 	field_width -= precision;
478 	if (!(spec.flags & (ZEROPAD | LEFT))) {
479 		while (--field_width >= 0) {
480 			if (buf < end)
481 				*buf = ' ';
482 			++buf;
483 		}
484 	}
485 	/* sign */
486 	if (sign) {
487 		if (buf < end)
488 			*buf = sign;
489 		++buf;
490 	}
491 	/* "0x" / "0" prefix */
492 	if (need_pfx) {
493 		if (spec.base == 16 || !is_zero) {
494 			if (buf < end)
495 				*buf = '0';
496 			++buf;
497 		}
498 		if (spec.base == 16) {
499 			if (buf < end)
500 				*buf = ('X' | locase);
501 			++buf;
502 		}
503 	}
504 	/* zero or space padding */
505 	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
506 		char c = ' ' + (spec.flags & ZEROPAD);
507 		BUILD_BUG_ON(' ' + ZEROPAD != '0');
508 		while (--field_width >= 0) {
509 			if (buf < end)
510 				*buf = c;
511 			++buf;
512 		}
513 	}
514 	/* hmm even more zero padding? */
515 	while (i <= --precision) {
516 		if (buf < end)
517 			*buf = '0';
518 		++buf;
519 	}
520 	/* actual digits of result */
521 	while (--i >= 0) {
522 		if (buf < end)
523 			*buf = tmp[i];
524 		++buf;
525 	}
526 	/* trailing space padding */
527 	while (--field_width >= 0) {
528 		if (buf < end)
529 			*buf = ' ';
530 		++buf;
531 	}
532 
533 	return buf;
534 }
535 
536 static noinline_for_stack
537 char *special_hex_number(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long long num, int size)
538 {
539 	struct printf_spec spec;
540 
541 	spec.type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
542 	spec.field_width = 2 + 2 * size;	/* 0x + hex */
543 	spec.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD;
544 	spec.base = 16;
545 	spec.precision = -1;
546 
547 	return number(buf, end, num, spec);
548 }
549 
550 static void move_right(char *buf, char *end, unsigned len, unsigned spaces)
551 {
552 	size_t size;
553 	if (buf >= end)	/* nowhere to put anything */
554 		return;
555 	size = end - buf;
556 	if (size <= spaces) {
557 		memset(buf, ' ', size);
558 		return;
559 	}
560 	if (len) {
561 		if (len > size - spaces)
562 			len = size - spaces;
563 		memmove(buf + spaces, buf, len);
564 	}
565 	memset(buf, ' ', spaces);
566 }
567 
568 /*
569  * Handle field width padding for a string.
570  * @buf: current buffer position
571  * @n: length of string
572  * @end: end of output buffer
573  * @spec: for field width and flags
574  * Returns: new buffer position after padding.
575  */
576 static noinline_for_stack
577 char *widen_string(char *buf, int n, char *end, struct printf_spec spec)
578 {
579 	unsigned spaces;
580 
581 	if (likely(n >= spec.field_width))
582 		return buf;
583 	/* we want to pad the sucker */
584 	spaces = spec.field_width - n;
585 	if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
586 		move_right(buf - n, end, n, spaces);
587 		return buf + spaces;
588 	}
589 	while (spaces--) {
590 		if (buf < end)
591 			*buf = ' ';
592 		++buf;
593 	}
594 	return buf;
595 }
596 
597 /* Handle string from a well known address. */
598 static char *string_nocheck(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
599 			    struct printf_spec spec)
600 {
601 	int len = 0;
602 	int lim = spec.precision;
603 
604 	while (lim--) {
605 		char c = *s++;
606 		if (!c)
607 			break;
608 		if (buf < end)
609 			*buf = c;
610 		++buf;
611 		++len;
612 	}
613 	return widen_string(buf, len, end, spec);
614 }
615 
616 /* Be careful: error messages must fit into the given buffer. */
617 static char *error_string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
618 			  struct printf_spec spec)
619 {
620 	/*
621 	 * Hard limit to avoid a completely insane messages. It actually
622 	 * works pretty well because most error messages are in
623 	 * the many pointer format modifiers.
624 	 */
625 	if (spec.precision == -1)
626 		spec.precision = 2 * sizeof(void *);
627 
628 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
629 }
630 
631 /*
632  * Do not call any complex external code here. Nested printk()/vsprintf()
633  * might cause infinite loops. Failures might break printk() and would
634  * be hard to debug.
635  */
636 static const char *check_pointer_msg(const void *ptr)
637 {
638 	if (!ptr)
639 		return "(null)";
640 
641 	if ((unsigned long)ptr < PAGE_SIZE || IS_ERR_VALUE(ptr))
642 		return "(efault)";
643 
644 	return NULL;
645 }
646 
647 static int check_pointer(char **buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
648 			 struct printf_spec spec)
649 {
650 	const char *err_msg;
651 
652 	err_msg = check_pointer_msg(ptr);
653 	if (err_msg) {
654 		*buf = error_string(*buf, end, err_msg, spec);
655 		return -EFAULT;
656 	}
657 
658 	return 0;
659 }
660 
661 static noinline_for_stack
662 char *string(char *buf, char *end, const char *s,
663 	     struct printf_spec spec)
664 {
665 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, s, spec))
666 		return buf;
667 
668 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, s, spec);
669 }
670 
671 static char *pointer_string(char *buf, char *end,
672 			    const void *ptr,
673 			    struct printf_spec spec)
674 {
675 	spec.base = 16;
676 	spec.flags |= SMALL;
677 	if (spec.field_width == -1) {
678 		spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
679 		spec.flags |= ZEROPAD;
680 	}
681 
682 	return number(buf, end, (unsigned long int)ptr, spec);
683 }
684 
685 /* Make pointers available for printing early in the boot sequence. */
686 static int debug_boot_weak_hash __ro_after_init;
687 
688 static int __init debug_boot_weak_hash_enable(char *str)
689 {
690 	debug_boot_weak_hash = 1;
691 	pr_info("debug_boot_weak_hash enabled\n");
692 	return 0;
693 }
694 early_param("debug_boot_weak_hash", debug_boot_weak_hash_enable);
695 
696 static DEFINE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(not_filled_random_ptr_key);
697 static siphash_key_t ptr_key __read_mostly;
698 
699 static void enable_ptr_key_workfn(struct work_struct *work)
700 {
701 	get_random_bytes(&ptr_key, sizeof(ptr_key));
702 	/* Needs to run from preemptible context */
703 	static_branch_disable(&not_filled_random_ptr_key);
704 }
705 
706 static DECLARE_WORK(enable_ptr_key_work, enable_ptr_key_workfn);
707 
708 static void fill_random_ptr_key(struct random_ready_callback *unused)
709 {
710 	/* This may be in an interrupt handler. */
711 	queue_work(system_unbound_wq, &enable_ptr_key_work);
712 }
713 
714 static struct random_ready_callback random_ready = {
715 	.func = fill_random_ptr_key
716 };
717 
718 static int __init initialize_ptr_random(void)
719 {
720 	int key_size = sizeof(ptr_key);
721 	int ret;
722 
723 	/* Use hw RNG if available. */
724 	if (get_random_bytes_arch(&ptr_key, key_size) == key_size) {
725 		static_branch_disable(&not_filled_random_ptr_key);
726 		return 0;
727 	}
728 
729 	ret = add_random_ready_callback(&random_ready);
730 	if (!ret) {
731 		return 0;
732 	} else if (ret == -EALREADY) {
733 		/* This is in preemptible context */
734 		enable_ptr_key_workfn(&enable_ptr_key_work);
735 		return 0;
736 	}
737 
738 	return ret;
739 }
740 early_initcall(initialize_ptr_random);
741 
742 /* Maps a pointer to a 32 bit unique identifier. */
743 static char *ptr_to_id(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
744 		       struct printf_spec spec)
745 {
746 	const char *str = sizeof(ptr) == 8 ? "(____ptrval____)" : "(ptrval)";
747 	unsigned long hashval;
748 
749 	/* When debugging early boot use non-cryptographically secure hash. */
750 	if (unlikely(debug_boot_weak_hash)) {
751 		hashval = hash_long((unsigned long)ptr, 32);
752 		return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
753 	}
754 
755 	if (static_branch_unlikely(&not_filled_random_ptr_key)) {
756 		spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
757 		/* string length must be less than default_width */
758 		return error_string(buf, end, str, spec);
759 	}
760 
761 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
762 	hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u64((u64)ptr, &ptr_key);
763 	/*
764 	 * Mask off the first 32 bits, this makes explicit that we have
765 	 * modified the address (and 32 bits is plenty for a unique ID).
766 	 */
767 	hashval = hashval & 0xffffffff;
768 #else
769 	hashval = (unsigned long)siphash_1u32((u32)ptr, &ptr_key);
770 #endif
771 	return pointer_string(buf, end, (const void *)hashval, spec);
772 }
773 
774 int kptr_restrict __read_mostly;
775 
776 static noinline_for_stack
777 char *restricted_pointer(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
778 			 struct printf_spec spec)
779 {
780 	switch (kptr_restrict) {
781 	case 0:
782 		/* Handle as %p, hash and do _not_ leak addresses. */
783 		return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
784 	case 1: {
785 		const struct cred *cred;
786 
787 		/*
788 		 * kptr_restrict==1 cannot be used in IRQ context
789 		 * because its test for CAP_SYSLOG would be meaningless.
790 		 */
791 		if (in_irq() || in_serving_softirq() || in_nmi()) {
792 			if (spec.field_width == -1)
793 				spec.field_width = 2 * sizeof(ptr);
794 			return error_string(buf, end, "pK-error", spec);
795 		}
796 
797 		/*
798 		 * Only print the real pointer value if the current
799 		 * process has CAP_SYSLOG and is running with the
800 		 * same credentials it started with. This is because
801 		 * access to files is checked at open() time, but %pK
802 		 * checks permission at read() time. We don't want to
803 		 * leak pointer values if a binary opens a file using
804 		 * %pK and then elevates privileges before reading it.
805 		 */
806 		cred = current_cred();
807 		if (!has_capability_noaudit(current, CAP_SYSLOG) ||
808 		    !uid_eq(cred->euid, cred->uid) ||
809 		    !gid_eq(cred->egid, cred->gid))
810 			ptr = NULL;
811 		break;
812 	}
813 	case 2:
814 	default:
815 		/* Always print 0's for %pK */
816 		ptr = NULL;
817 		break;
818 	}
819 
820 	return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
821 }
822 
823 static noinline_for_stack
824 char *dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct dentry *d, struct printf_spec spec,
825 		  const char *fmt)
826 {
827 	const char *array[4], *s;
828 	const struct dentry *p;
829 	int depth;
830 	int i, n;
831 
832 	switch (fmt[1]) {
833 		case '2': case '3': case '4':
834 			depth = fmt[1] - '0';
835 			break;
836 		default:
837 			depth = 1;
838 	}
839 
840 	rcu_read_lock();
841 	for (i = 0; i < depth; i++, d = p) {
842 		if (check_pointer(&buf, end, d, spec)) {
843 			rcu_read_unlock();
844 			return buf;
845 		}
846 
847 		p = READ_ONCE(d->d_parent);
848 		array[i] = READ_ONCE(d->d_name.name);
849 		if (p == d) {
850 			if (i)
851 				array[i] = "";
852 			i++;
853 			break;
854 		}
855 	}
856 	s = array[--i];
857 	for (n = 0; n != spec.precision; n++, buf++) {
858 		char c = *s++;
859 		if (!c) {
860 			if (!i)
861 				break;
862 			c = '/';
863 			s = array[--i];
864 		}
865 		if (buf < end)
866 			*buf = c;
867 	}
868 	rcu_read_unlock();
869 	return widen_string(buf, n, end, spec);
870 }
871 
872 static noinline_for_stack
873 char *file_dentry_name(char *buf, char *end, const struct file *f,
874 			struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
875 {
876 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, f, spec))
877 		return buf;
878 
879 	return dentry_name(buf, end, f->f_path.dentry, spec, fmt);
880 }
881 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
882 static noinline_for_stack
883 char *bdev_name(char *buf, char *end, struct block_device *bdev,
884 		struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
885 {
886 	struct gendisk *hd;
887 
888 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bdev, spec))
889 		return buf;
890 
891 	hd = bdev->bd_disk;
892 	buf = string(buf, end, hd->disk_name, spec);
893 	if (bdev->bd_part->partno) {
894 		if (isdigit(hd->disk_name[strlen(hd->disk_name)-1])) {
895 			if (buf < end)
896 				*buf = 'p';
897 			buf++;
898 		}
899 		buf = number(buf, end, bdev->bd_part->partno, spec);
900 	}
901 	return buf;
902 }
903 #endif
904 
905 static noinline_for_stack
906 char *symbol_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
907 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
908 {
909 	unsigned long value;
910 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
911 	char sym[KSYM_SYMBOL_LEN];
912 #endif
913 
914 	if (fmt[1] == 'R')
915 		ptr = __builtin_extract_return_addr(ptr);
916 	value = (unsigned long)ptr;
917 
918 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
919 	if (*fmt == 'B')
920 		sprint_backtrace(sym, value);
921 	else if (*fmt != 'f' && *fmt != 's')
922 		sprint_symbol(sym, value);
923 	else
924 		sprint_symbol_no_offset(sym, value);
925 
926 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
927 #else
928 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, value, sizeof(void *));
929 #endif
930 }
931 
932 static const struct printf_spec default_str_spec = {
933 	.field_width = -1,
934 	.precision = -1,
935 };
936 
937 static const struct printf_spec default_flag_spec = {
938 	.base = 16,
939 	.precision = -1,
940 	.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL,
941 };
942 
943 static const struct printf_spec default_dec_spec = {
944 	.base = 10,
945 	.precision = -1,
946 };
947 
948 static const struct printf_spec default_dec02_spec = {
949 	.base = 10,
950 	.field_width = 2,
951 	.precision = -1,
952 	.flags = ZEROPAD,
953 };
954 
955 static const struct printf_spec default_dec04_spec = {
956 	.base = 10,
957 	.field_width = 4,
958 	.precision = -1,
959 	.flags = ZEROPAD,
960 };
961 
962 static noinline_for_stack
963 char *resource_string(char *buf, char *end, struct resource *res,
964 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
965 {
966 #ifndef IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
967 #define IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	6
968 #endif
969 
970 #ifndef MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE
971 #define MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE	10
972 #endif
973 	static const struct printf_spec io_spec = {
974 		.base = 16,
975 		.field_width = IO_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
976 		.precision = -1,
977 		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
978 	};
979 	static const struct printf_spec mem_spec = {
980 		.base = 16,
981 		.field_width = MEM_RSRC_PRINTK_SIZE,
982 		.precision = -1,
983 		.flags = SPECIAL | SMALL | ZEROPAD,
984 	};
985 	static const struct printf_spec bus_spec = {
986 		.base = 16,
987 		.field_width = 2,
988 		.precision = -1,
989 		.flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD,
990 	};
991 	static const struct printf_spec str_spec = {
992 		.field_width = -1,
993 		.precision = 10,
994 		.flags = LEFT,
995 	};
996 
997 	/* 32-bit res (sizeof==4): 10 chars in dec, 10 in hex ("0x" + 8)
998 	 * 64-bit res (sizeof==8): 20 chars in dec, 18 in hex ("0x" + 16) */
999 #define RSRC_BUF_SIZE		((2 * sizeof(resource_size_t)) + 4)
1000 #define FLAG_BUF_SIZE		(2 * sizeof(res->flags))
1001 #define DECODED_BUF_SIZE	sizeof("[mem - 64bit pref window disabled]")
1002 #define RAW_BUF_SIZE		sizeof("[mem - flags 0x]")
1003 	char sym[max(2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + DECODED_BUF_SIZE,
1004 		     2*RSRC_BUF_SIZE + FLAG_BUF_SIZE + RAW_BUF_SIZE)];
1005 
1006 	char *p = sym, *pend = sym + sizeof(sym);
1007 	int decode = (fmt[0] == 'R') ? 1 : 0;
1008 	const struct printf_spec *specp;
1009 
1010 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, res, spec))
1011 		return buf;
1012 
1013 	*p++ = '[';
1014 	if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IO) {
1015 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "io  ", str_spec);
1016 		specp = &io_spec;
1017 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) {
1018 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "mem ", str_spec);
1019 		specp = &mem_spec;
1020 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_IRQ) {
1021 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "irq ", str_spec);
1022 		specp = &default_dec_spec;
1023 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DMA) {
1024 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "dma ", str_spec);
1025 		specp = &default_dec_spec;
1026 	} else if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_BUS) {
1027 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "bus ", str_spec);
1028 		specp = &bus_spec;
1029 	} else {
1030 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "??? ", str_spec);
1031 		specp = &mem_spec;
1032 		decode = 0;
1033 	}
1034 	if (decode && res->flags & IORESOURCE_UNSET) {
1035 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, "size ", str_spec);
1036 		p = number(p, pend, resource_size(res), *specp);
1037 	} else {
1038 		p = number(p, pend, res->start, *specp);
1039 		if (res->start != res->end) {
1040 			*p++ = '-';
1041 			p = number(p, pend, res->end, *specp);
1042 		}
1043 	}
1044 	if (decode) {
1045 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_MEM_64)
1046 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " 64bit", str_spec);
1047 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_PREFETCH)
1048 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " pref", str_spec);
1049 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_WINDOW)
1050 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " window", str_spec);
1051 		if (res->flags & IORESOURCE_DISABLED)
1052 			p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " disabled", str_spec);
1053 	} else {
1054 		p = string_nocheck(p, pend, " flags ", str_spec);
1055 		p = number(p, pend, res->flags, default_flag_spec);
1056 	}
1057 	*p++ = ']';
1058 	*p = '\0';
1059 
1060 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, sym, spec);
1061 }
1062 
1063 static noinline_for_stack
1064 char *hex_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1065 		 const char *fmt)
1066 {
1067 	int i, len = 1;		/* if we pass '%ph[CDN]', field width remains
1068 				   negative value, fallback to the default */
1069 	char separator;
1070 
1071 	if (spec.field_width == 0)
1072 		/* nothing to print */
1073 		return buf;
1074 
1075 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1076 		return buf;
1077 
1078 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1079 	case 'C':
1080 		separator = ':';
1081 		break;
1082 	case 'D':
1083 		separator = '-';
1084 		break;
1085 	case 'N':
1086 		separator = 0;
1087 		break;
1088 	default:
1089 		separator = ' ';
1090 		break;
1091 	}
1092 
1093 	if (spec.field_width > 0)
1094 		len = min_t(int, spec.field_width, 64);
1095 
1096 	for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
1097 		if (buf < end)
1098 			*buf = hex_asc_hi(addr[i]);
1099 		++buf;
1100 		if (buf < end)
1101 			*buf = hex_asc_lo(addr[i]);
1102 		++buf;
1103 
1104 		if (separator && i != len - 1) {
1105 			if (buf < end)
1106 				*buf = separator;
1107 			++buf;
1108 		}
1109 	}
1110 
1111 	return buf;
1112 }
1113 
1114 static noinline_for_stack
1115 char *bitmap_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1116 		    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1117 {
1118 	const int CHUNKSZ = 32;
1119 	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1120 	int i, chunksz;
1121 	bool first = true;
1122 
1123 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1124 		return buf;
1125 
1126 	/* reused to print numbers */
1127 	spec = (struct printf_spec){ .flags = SMALL | ZEROPAD, .base = 16 };
1128 
1129 	chunksz = nr_bits & (CHUNKSZ - 1);
1130 	if (chunksz == 0)
1131 		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
1132 
1133 	i = ALIGN(nr_bits, CHUNKSZ) - CHUNKSZ;
1134 	for (; i >= 0; i -= CHUNKSZ) {
1135 		u32 chunkmask, val;
1136 		int word, bit;
1137 
1138 		chunkmask = ((1ULL << chunksz) - 1);
1139 		word = i / BITS_PER_LONG;
1140 		bit = i % BITS_PER_LONG;
1141 		val = (bitmap[word] >> bit) & chunkmask;
1142 
1143 		if (!first) {
1144 			if (buf < end)
1145 				*buf = ',';
1146 			buf++;
1147 		}
1148 		first = false;
1149 
1150 		spec.field_width = DIV_ROUND_UP(chunksz, 4);
1151 		buf = number(buf, end, val, spec);
1152 
1153 		chunksz = CHUNKSZ;
1154 	}
1155 	return buf;
1156 }
1157 
1158 static noinline_for_stack
1159 char *bitmap_list_string(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long *bitmap,
1160 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1161 {
1162 	int nr_bits = max_t(int, spec.field_width, 0);
1163 	/* current bit is 'cur', most recently seen range is [rbot, rtop] */
1164 	int cur, rbot, rtop;
1165 	bool first = true;
1166 
1167 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, bitmap, spec))
1168 		return buf;
1169 
1170 	rbot = cur = find_first_bit(bitmap, nr_bits);
1171 	while (cur < nr_bits) {
1172 		rtop = cur;
1173 		cur = find_next_bit(bitmap, nr_bits, cur + 1);
1174 		if (cur < nr_bits && cur <= rtop + 1)
1175 			continue;
1176 
1177 		if (!first) {
1178 			if (buf < end)
1179 				*buf = ',';
1180 			buf++;
1181 		}
1182 		first = false;
1183 
1184 		buf = number(buf, end, rbot, default_dec_spec);
1185 		if (rbot < rtop) {
1186 			if (buf < end)
1187 				*buf = '-';
1188 			buf++;
1189 
1190 			buf = number(buf, end, rtop, default_dec_spec);
1191 		}
1192 
1193 		rbot = cur;
1194 	}
1195 	return buf;
1196 }
1197 
1198 static noinline_for_stack
1199 char *mac_address_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr,
1200 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1201 {
1202 	char mac_addr[sizeof("xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx")];
1203 	char *p = mac_addr;
1204 	int i;
1205 	char separator;
1206 	bool reversed = false;
1207 
1208 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1209 		return buf;
1210 
1211 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1212 	case 'F':
1213 		separator = '-';
1214 		break;
1215 
1216 	case 'R':
1217 		reversed = true;
1218 		/* fall through */
1219 
1220 	default:
1221 		separator = ':';
1222 		break;
1223 	}
1224 
1225 	for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
1226 		if (reversed)
1227 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[5 - i]);
1228 		else
1229 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[i]);
1230 
1231 		if (fmt[0] == 'M' && i != 5)
1232 			*p++ = separator;
1233 	}
1234 	*p = '\0';
1235 
1236 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, mac_addr, spec);
1237 }
1238 
1239 static noinline_for_stack
1240 char *ip4_string(char *p, const u8 *addr, const char *fmt)
1241 {
1242 	int i;
1243 	bool leading_zeros = (fmt[0] == 'i');
1244 	int index;
1245 	int step;
1246 
1247 	switch (fmt[2]) {
1248 	case 'h':
1249 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
1250 		index = 0;
1251 		step = 1;
1252 #else
1253 		index = 3;
1254 		step = -1;
1255 #endif
1256 		break;
1257 	case 'l':
1258 		index = 3;
1259 		step = -1;
1260 		break;
1261 	case 'n':
1262 	case 'b':
1263 	default:
1264 		index = 0;
1265 		step = 1;
1266 		break;
1267 	}
1268 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
1269 		char temp[4] __aligned(2);	/* hold each IP quad in reverse order */
1270 		int digits = put_dec_trunc8(temp, addr[index]) - temp;
1271 		if (leading_zeros) {
1272 			if (digits < 3)
1273 				*p++ = '0';
1274 			if (digits < 2)
1275 				*p++ = '0';
1276 		}
1277 		/* reverse the digits in the quad */
1278 		while (digits--)
1279 			*p++ = temp[digits];
1280 		if (i < 3)
1281 			*p++ = '.';
1282 		index += step;
1283 	}
1284 	*p = '\0';
1285 
1286 	return p;
1287 }
1288 
1289 static noinline_for_stack
1290 char *ip6_compressed_string(char *p, const char *addr)
1291 {
1292 	int i, j, range;
1293 	unsigned char zerolength[8];
1294 	int longest = 1;
1295 	int colonpos = -1;
1296 	u16 word;
1297 	u8 hi, lo;
1298 	bool needcolon = false;
1299 	bool useIPv4;
1300 	struct in6_addr in6;
1301 
1302 	memcpy(&in6, addr, sizeof(struct in6_addr));
1303 
1304 	useIPv4 = ipv6_addr_v4mapped(&in6) || ipv6_addr_is_isatap(&in6);
1305 
1306 	memset(zerolength, 0, sizeof(zerolength));
1307 
1308 	if (useIPv4)
1309 		range = 6;
1310 	else
1311 		range = 8;
1312 
1313 	/* find position of longest 0 run */
1314 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1315 		for (j = i; j < range; j++) {
1316 			if (in6.s6_addr16[j] != 0)
1317 				break;
1318 			zerolength[i]++;
1319 		}
1320 	}
1321 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1322 		if (zerolength[i] > longest) {
1323 			longest = zerolength[i];
1324 			colonpos = i;
1325 		}
1326 	}
1327 	if (longest == 1)		/* don't compress a single 0 */
1328 		colonpos = -1;
1329 
1330 	/* emit address */
1331 	for (i = 0; i < range; i++) {
1332 		if (i == colonpos) {
1333 			if (needcolon || i == 0)
1334 				*p++ = ':';
1335 			*p++ = ':';
1336 			needcolon = false;
1337 			i += longest - 1;
1338 			continue;
1339 		}
1340 		if (needcolon) {
1341 			*p++ = ':';
1342 			needcolon = false;
1343 		}
1344 		/* hex u16 without leading 0s */
1345 		word = ntohs(in6.s6_addr16[i]);
1346 		hi = word >> 8;
1347 		lo = word & 0xff;
1348 		if (hi) {
1349 			if (hi > 0x0f)
1350 				p = hex_byte_pack(p, hi);
1351 			else
1352 				*p++ = hex_asc_lo(hi);
1353 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1354 		}
1355 		else if (lo > 0x0f)
1356 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, lo);
1357 		else
1358 			*p++ = hex_asc_lo(lo);
1359 		needcolon = true;
1360 	}
1361 
1362 	if (useIPv4) {
1363 		if (needcolon)
1364 			*p++ = ':';
1365 		p = ip4_string(p, &in6.s6_addr[12], "I4");
1366 	}
1367 	*p = '\0';
1368 
1369 	return p;
1370 }
1371 
1372 static noinline_for_stack
1373 char *ip6_string(char *p, const char *addr, const char *fmt)
1374 {
1375 	int i;
1376 
1377 	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1378 		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1379 		p = hex_byte_pack(p, *addr++);
1380 		if (fmt[0] == 'I' && i != 7)
1381 			*p++ = ':';
1382 	}
1383 	*p = '\0';
1384 
1385 	return p;
1386 }
1387 
1388 static noinline_for_stack
1389 char *ip6_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1390 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1391 {
1392 	char ip6_addr[sizeof("xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255")];
1393 
1394 	if (fmt[0] == 'I' && fmt[2] == 'c')
1395 		ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr, addr);
1396 	else
1397 		ip6_string(ip6_addr, addr, fmt);
1398 
1399 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1400 }
1401 
1402 static noinline_for_stack
1403 char *ip4_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1404 		      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1405 {
1406 	char ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255")];
1407 
1408 	ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt);
1409 
1410 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1411 }
1412 
1413 static noinline_for_stack
1414 char *ip6_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in6 *sa,
1415 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1416 {
1417 	bool have_p = false, have_s = false, have_f = false, have_c = false;
1418 	char ip6_addr[sizeof("[xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:xxxx:255.255.255.255]") +
1419 		      sizeof(":12345") + sizeof("/123456789") +
1420 		      sizeof("%1234567890")];
1421 	char *p = ip6_addr, *pend = ip6_addr + sizeof(ip6_addr);
1422 	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin6_addr;
1423 	char fmt6[2] = { fmt[0], '6' };
1424 	u8 off = 0;
1425 
1426 	fmt++;
1427 	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1428 		switch (*fmt) {
1429 		case 'p':
1430 			have_p = true;
1431 			break;
1432 		case 'f':
1433 			have_f = true;
1434 			break;
1435 		case 's':
1436 			have_s = true;
1437 			break;
1438 		case 'c':
1439 			have_c = true;
1440 			break;
1441 		}
1442 	}
1443 
1444 	if (have_p || have_s || have_f) {
1445 		*p = '[';
1446 		off = 1;
1447 	}
1448 
1449 	if (fmt6[0] == 'I' && have_c)
1450 		p = ip6_compressed_string(ip6_addr + off, addr);
1451 	else
1452 		p = ip6_string(ip6_addr + off, addr, fmt6);
1453 
1454 	if (have_p || have_s || have_f)
1455 		*p++ = ']';
1456 
1457 	if (have_p) {
1458 		*p++ = ':';
1459 		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin6_port), spec);
1460 	}
1461 	if (have_f) {
1462 		*p++ = '/';
1463 		p = number(p, pend, ntohl(sa->sin6_flowinfo &
1464 					  IPV6_FLOWINFO_MASK), spec);
1465 	}
1466 	if (have_s) {
1467 		*p++ = '%';
1468 		p = number(p, pend, sa->sin6_scope_id, spec);
1469 	}
1470 	*p = '\0';
1471 
1472 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip6_addr, spec);
1473 }
1474 
1475 static noinline_for_stack
1476 char *ip4_addr_string_sa(char *buf, char *end, const struct sockaddr_in *sa,
1477 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1478 {
1479 	bool have_p = false;
1480 	char *p, ip4_addr[sizeof("255.255.255.255") + sizeof(":12345")];
1481 	char *pend = ip4_addr + sizeof(ip4_addr);
1482 	const u8 *addr = (const u8 *) &sa->sin_addr.s_addr;
1483 	char fmt4[3] = { fmt[0], '4', 0 };
1484 
1485 	fmt++;
1486 	while (isalpha(*++fmt)) {
1487 		switch (*fmt) {
1488 		case 'p':
1489 			have_p = true;
1490 			break;
1491 		case 'h':
1492 		case 'l':
1493 		case 'n':
1494 		case 'b':
1495 			fmt4[2] = *fmt;
1496 			break;
1497 		}
1498 	}
1499 
1500 	p = ip4_string(ip4_addr, addr, fmt4);
1501 	if (have_p) {
1502 		*p++ = ':';
1503 		p = number(p, pend, ntohs(sa->sin_port), spec);
1504 	}
1505 	*p = '\0';
1506 
1507 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, ip4_addr, spec);
1508 }
1509 
1510 static noinline_for_stack
1511 char *ip_addr_string(char *buf, char *end, const void *ptr,
1512 		     struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1513 {
1514 	char *err_fmt_msg;
1515 
1516 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, ptr, spec))
1517 		return buf;
1518 
1519 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1520 	case '6':
1521 		return ip6_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1522 	case '4':
1523 		return ip4_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
1524 	case 'S': {
1525 		const union {
1526 			struct sockaddr		raw;
1527 			struct sockaddr_in	v4;
1528 			struct sockaddr_in6	v6;
1529 		} *sa = ptr;
1530 
1531 		switch (sa->raw.sa_family) {
1532 		case AF_INET:
1533 			return ip4_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v4, spec, fmt);
1534 		case AF_INET6:
1535 			return ip6_addr_string_sa(buf, end, &sa->v6, spec, fmt);
1536 		default:
1537 			return error_string(buf, end, "(einval)", spec);
1538 		}}
1539 	}
1540 
1541 	err_fmt_msg = fmt[0] == 'i' ? "(%pi?)" : "(%pI?)";
1542 	return error_string(buf, end, err_fmt_msg, spec);
1543 }
1544 
1545 static noinline_for_stack
1546 char *escaped_string(char *buf, char *end, u8 *addr, struct printf_spec spec,
1547 		     const char *fmt)
1548 {
1549 	bool found = true;
1550 	int count = 1;
1551 	unsigned int flags = 0;
1552 	int len;
1553 
1554 	if (spec.field_width == 0)
1555 		return buf;				/* nothing to print */
1556 
1557 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1558 		return buf;
1559 
1560 	do {
1561 		switch (fmt[count++]) {
1562 		case 'a':
1563 			flags |= ESCAPE_ANY;
1564 			break;
1565 		case 'c':
1566 			flags |= ESCAPE_SPECIAL;
1567 			break;
1568 		case 'h':
1569 			flags |= ESCAPE_HEX;
1570 			break;
1571 		case 'n':
1572 			flags |= ESCAPE_NULL;
1573 			break;
1574 		case 'o':
1575 			flags |= ESCAPE_OCTAL;
1576 			break;
1577 		case 'p':
1578 			flags |= ESCAPE_NP;
1579 			break;
1580 		case 's':
1581 			flags |= ESCAPE_SPACE;
1582 			break;
1583 		default:
1584 			found = false;
1585 			break;
1586 		}
1587 	} while (found);
1588 
1589 	if (!flags)
1590 		flags = ESCAPE_ANY_NP;
1591 
1592 	len = spec.field_width < 0 ? 1 : spec.field_width;
1593 
1594 	/*
1595 	 * string_escape_mem() writes as many characters as it can to
1596 	 * the given buffer, and returns the total size of the output
1597 	 * had the buffer been big enough.
1598 	 */
1599 	buf += string_escape_mem(addr, len, buf, buf < end ? end - buf : 0, flags, NULL);
1600 
1601 	return buf;
1602 }
1603 
1604 static char *va_format(char *buf, char *end, struct va_format *va_fmt,
1605 		       struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1606 {
1607 	va_list va;
1608 
1609 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, va_fmt, spec))
1610 		return buf;
1611 
1612 	va_copy(va, *va_fmt->va);
1613 	buf += vsnprintf(buf, end > buf ? end - buf : 0, va_fmt->fmt, va);
1614 	va_end(va);
1615 
1616 	return buf;
1617 }
1618 
1619 static noinline_for_stack
1620 char *uuid_string(char *buf, char *end, const u8 *addr,
1621 		  struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1622 {
1623 	char uuid[UUID_STRING_LEN + 1];
1624 	char *p = uuid;
1625 	int i;
1626 	const u8 *index = uuid_index;
1627 	bool uc = false;
1628 
1629 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1630 		return buf;
1631 
1632 	switch (*(++fmt)) {
1633 	case 'L':
1634 		uc = true;		/* fall-through */
1635 	case 'l':
1636 		index = guid_index;
1637 		break;
1638 	case 'B':
1639 		uc = true;
1640 		break;
1641 	}
1642 
1643 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
1644 		if (uc)
1645 			p = hex_byte_pack_upper(p, addr[index[i]]);
1646 		else
1647 			p = hex_byte_pack(p, addr[index[i]]);
1648 		switch (i) {
1649 		case 3:
1650 		case 5:
1651 		case 7:
1652 		case 9:
1653 			*p++ = '-';
1654 			break;
1655 		}
1656 	}
1657 
1658 	*p = 0;
1659 
1660 	return string_nocheck(buf, end, uuid, spec);
1661 }
1662 
1663 static noinline_for_stack
1664 char *netdev_bits(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1665 		  struct printf_spec spec,  const char *fmt)
1666 {
1667 	unsigned long long num;
1668 	int size;
1669 
1670 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1671 		return buf;
1672 
1673 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1674 	case 'F':
1675 		num = *(const netdev_features_t *)addr;
1676 		size = sizeof(netdev_features_t);
1677 		break;
1678 	default:
1679 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pN?)", spec);
1680 	}
1681 
1682 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1683 }
1684 
1685 static noinline_for_stack
1686 char *address_val(char *buf, char *end, const void *addr,
1687 		  struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1688 {
1689 	unsigned long long num;
1690 	int size;
1691 
1692 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, addr, spec))
1693 		return buf;
1694 
1695 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1696 	case 'd':
1697 		num = *(const dma_addr_t *)addr;
1698 		size = sizeof(dma_addr_t);
1699 		break;
1700 	case 'p':
1701 	default:
1702 		num = *(const phys_addr_t *)addr;
1703 		size = sizeof(phys_addr_t);
1704 		break;
1705 	}
1706 
1707 	return special_hex_number(buf, end, num, size);
1708 }
1709 
1710 static noinline_for_stack
1711 char *date_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1712 {
1713 	int year = tm->tm_year + (r ? 0 : 1900);
1714 	int mon = tm->tm_mon + (r ? 0 : 1);
1715 
1716 	buf = number(buf, end, year, default_dec04_spec);
1717 	if (buf < end)
1718 		*buf = '-';
1719 	buf++;
1720 
1721 	buf = number(buf, end, mon, default_dec02_spec);
1722 	if (buf < end)
1723 		*buf = '-';
1724 	buf++;
1725 
1726 	return number(buf, end, tm->tm_mday, default_dec02_spec);
1727 }
1728 
1729 static noinline_for_stack
1730 char *time_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm, bool r)
1731 {
1732 	buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_hour, default_dec02_spec);
1733 	if (buf < end)
1734 		*buf = ':';
1735 	buf++;
1736 
1737 	buf = number(buf, end, tm->tm_min, default_dec02_spec);
1738 	if (buf < end)
1739 		*buf = ':';
1740 	buf++;
1741 
1742 	return number(buf, end, tm->tm_sec, default_dec02_spec);
1743 }
1744 
1745 static noinline_for_stack
1746 char *rtc_str(char *buf, char *end, const struct rtc_time *tm,
1747 	      struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1748 {
1749 	bool have_t = true, have_d = true;
1750 	bool raw = false;
1751 	int count = 2;
1752 
1753 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, tm, spec))
1754 		return buf;
1755 
1756 	switch (fmt[count]) {
1757 	case 'd':
1758 		have_t = false;
1759 		count++;
1760 		break;
1761 	case 't':
1762 		have_d = false;
1763 		count++;
1764 		break;
1765 	}
1766 
1767 	raw = fmt[count] == 'r';
1768 
1769 	if (have_d)
1770 		buf = date_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1771 	if (have_d && have_t) {
1772 		/* Respect ISO 8601 */
1773 		if (buf < end)
1774 			*buf = 'T';
1775 		buf++;
1776 	}
1777 	if (have_t)
1778 		buf = time_str(buf, end, tm, raw);
1779 
1780 	return buf;
1781 }
1782 
1783 static noinline_for_stack
1784 char *time_and_date(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr, struct printf_spec spec,
1785 		    const char *fmt)
1786 {
1787 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1788 	case 'R':
1789 		return rtc_str(buf, end, (const struct rtc_time *)ptr, spec, fmt);
1790 	default:
1791 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%ptR?)", spec);
1792 	}
1793 }
1794 
1795 static noinline_for_stack
1796 char *clock(char *buf, char *end, struct clk *clk, struct printf_spec spec,
1797 	    const char *fmt)
1798 {
1799 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_HAVE_CLK))
1800 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pC?)", spec);
1801 
1802 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, clk, spec))
1803 		return buf;
1804 
1805 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1806 	case 'n':
1807 	default:
1808 #ifdef CONFIG_COMMON_CLK
1809 		return string(buf, end, __clk_get_name(clk), spec);
1810 #else
1811 		return ptr_to_id(buf, end, clk, spec);
1812 #endif
1813 	}
1814 }
1815 
1816 static
1817 char *format_flags(char *buf, char *end, unsigned long flags,
1818 					const struct trace_print_flags *names)
1819 {
1820 	unsigned long mask;
1821 
1822 	for ( ; flags && names->name; names++) {
1823 		mask = names->mask;
1824 		if ((flags & mask) != mask)
1825 			continue;
1826 
1827 		buf = string(buf, end, names->name, default_str_spec);
1828 
1829 		flags &= ~mask;
1830 		if (flags) {
1831 			if (buf < end)
1832 				*buf = '|';
1833 			buf++;
1834 		}
1835 	}
1836 
1837 	if (flags)
1838 		buf = number(buf, end, flags, default_flag_spec);
1839 
1840 	return buf;
1841 }
1842 
1843 static noinline_for_stack
1844 char *flags_string(char *buf, char *end, void *flags_ptr,
1845 		   struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1846 {
1847 	unsigned long flags;
1848 	const struct trace_print_flags *names;
1849 
1850 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, flags_ptr, spec))
1851 		return buf;
1852 
1853 	switch (fmt[1]) {
1854 	case 'p':
1855 		flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
1856 		/* Remove zone id */
1857 		flags &= (1UL << NR_PAGEFLAGS) - 1;
1858 		names = pageflag_names;
1859 		break;
1860 	case 'v':
1861 		flags = *(unsigned long *)flags_ptr;
1862 		names = vmaflag_names;
1863 		break;
1864 	case 'g':
1865 		flags = *(gfp_t *)flags_ptr;
1866 		names = gfpflag_names;
1867 		break;
1868 	default:
1869 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pG?)", spec);
1870 	}
1871 
1872 	return format_flags(buf, end, flags, names);
1873 }
1874 
1875 static const char *device_node_name_for_depth(const struct device_node *np, int depth)
1876 {
1877 	for ( ; np && depth; depth--)
1878 		np = np->parent;
1879 
1880 	return kbasename(np->full_name);
1881 }
1882 
1883 static noinline_for_stack
1884 char *device_node_gen_full_name(const struct device_node *np, char *buf, char *end)
1885 {
1886 	int depth;
1887 	const struct device_node *parent = np->parent;
1888 
1889 	/* special case for root node */
1890 	if (!parent)
1891 		return string_nocheck(buf, end, "/", default_str_spec);
1892 
1893 	for (depth = 0; parent->parent; depth++)
1894 		parent = parent->parent;
1895 
1896 	for ( ; depth >= 0; depth--) {
1897 		buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "/", default_str_spec);
1898 		buf = string(buf, end, device_node_name_for_depth(np, depth),
1899 			     default_str_spec);
1900 	}
1901 	return buf;
1902 }
1903 
1904 static noinline_for_stack
1905 char *device_node_string(char *buf, char *end, struct device_node *dn,
1906 			 struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1907 {
1908 	char tbuf[sizeof("xxxx") + 1];
1909 	const char *p;
1910 	int ret;
1911 	char *buf_start = buf;
1912 	struct property *prop;
1913 	bool has_mult, pass;
1914 	static const struct printf_spec num_spec = {
1915 		.flags = SMALL,
1916 		.field_width = -1,
1917 		.precision = -1,
1918 		.base = 10,
1919 	};
1920 
1921 	struct printf_spec str_spec = spec;
1922 	str_spec.field_width = -1;
1923 
1924 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OF))
1925 		return error_string(buf, end, "(%pOF?)", spec);
1926 
1927 	if (check_pointer(&buf, end, dn, spec))
1928 		return buf;
1929 
1930 	/* simple case without anything any more format specifiers */
1931 	fmt++;
1932 	if (fmt[0] == '\0' || strcspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC") > 0)
1933 		fmt = "f";
1934 
1935 	for (pass = false; strspn(fmt,"fnpPFcC"); fmt++, pass = true) {
1936 		int precision;
1937 		if (pass) {
1938 			if (buf < end)
1939 				*buf = ':';
1940 			buf++;
1941 		}
1942 
1943 		switch (*fmt) {
1944 		case 'f':	/* full_name */
1945 			buf = device_node_gen_full_name(dn, buf, end);
1946 			break;
1947 		case 'n':	/* name */
1948 			p = kbasename(of_node_full_name(dn));
1949 			precision = str_spec.precision;
1950 			str_spec.precision = strchrnul(p, '@') - p;
1951 			buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
1952 			str_spec.precision = precision;
1953 			break;
1954 		case 'p':	/* phandle */
1955 			buf = number(buf, end, (unsigned int)dn->phandle, num_spec);
1956 			break;
1957 		case 'P':	/* path-spec */
1958 			p = kbasename(of_node_full_name(dn));
1959 			if (!p[1])
1960 				p = "/";
1961 			buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
1962 			break;
1963 		case 'F':	/* flags */
1964 			tbuf[0] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DYNAMIC) ? 'D' : '-';
1965 			tbuf[1] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_DETACHED) ? 'd' : '-';
1966 			tbuf[2] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED) ? 'P' : '-';
1967 			tbuf[3] = of_node_check_flag(dn, OF_POPULATED_BUS) ? 'B' : '-';
1968 			tbuf[4] = 0;
1969 			buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, tbuf, str_spec);
1970 			break;
1971 		case 'c':	/* major compatible string */
1972 			ret = of_property_read_string(dn, "compatible", &p);
1973 			if (!ret)
1974 				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
1975 			break;
1976 		case 'C':	/* full compatible string */
1977 			has_mult = false;
1978 			of_property_for_each_string(dn, "compatible", prop, p) {
1979 				if (has_mult)
1980 					buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, ",", str_spec);
1981 				buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
1982 				buf = string(buf, end, p, str_spec);
1983 				buf = string_nocheck(buf, end, "\"", str_spec);
1984 
1985 				has_mult = true;
1986 			}
1987 			break;
1988 		default:
1989 			break;
1990 		}
1991 	}
1992 
1993 	return widen_string(buf, buf - buf_start, end, spec);
1994 }
1995 
1996 static char *kobject_string(char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
1997 			    struct printf_spec spec, const char *fmt)
1998 {
1999 	switch (fmt[1]) {
2000 	case 'F':
2001 		return device_node_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt + 1);
2002 	}
2003 
2004 	return error_string(buf, end, "(%pO?)", spec);
2005 }
2006 
2007 /*
2008  * Show a '%p' thing.  A kernel extension is that the '%p' is followed
2009  * by an extra set of alphanumeric characters that are extended format
2010  * specifiers.
2011  *
2012  * Please update scripts/checkpatch.pl when adding/removing conversion
2013  * characters.  (Search for "check for vsprintf extension").
2014  *
2015  * Right now we handle:
2016  *
2017  * - 'S' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) with offset
2018  * - 's' For symbolic direct pointers (or function descriptors) without offset
2019  * - 'F' Same as 'S'
2020  * - 'f' Same as 's'
2021  * - '[FfSs]R' as above with __builtin_extract_return_addr() translation
2022  * - 'B' For backtraced symbolic direct pointers with offset
2023  * - 'R' For decoded struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f 64bit pref]
2024  * - 'r' For raw struct resource, e.g., [mem 0x0-0x1f flags 0x201]
2025  * - 'b[l]' For a bitmap, the number of bits is determined by the field
2026  *       width which must be explicitly specified either as part of the
2027  *       format string '%32b[l]' or through '%*b[l]', [l] selects
2028  *       range-list format instead of hex format
2029  * - 'M' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the address in the
2030  *       usual colon-separated hex notation
2031  * - 'm' For a 6-byte MAC address, it prints the hex address without colons
2032  * - 'MF' For a 6-byte MAC FDDI address, it prints the address
2033  *       with a dash-separated hex notation
2034  * - '[mM]R' For a 6-byte MAC address, Reverse order (Bluetooth)
2035  * - 'I' [46] for IPv4/IPv6 addresses printed in the usual way
2036  *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal without leading 0's (1.2.3.4)
2037  *       IPv6 uses colon separated network-order 16 bit hex with leading 0's
2038  *       [S][pfs]
2039  *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2040  *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2041  * - 'i' [46] for 'raw' IPv4/IPv6 addresses
2042  *       IPv6 omits the colons (01020304...0f)
2043  *       IPv4 uses dot-separated decimal with leading 0's (010.123.045.006)
2044  *       [S][pfs]
2045  *       Generic IPv4/IPv6 address (struct sockaddr *) that falls back to
2046  *       [4] or [6] and is able to print port [p], flowinfo [f], scope [s]
2047  * - '[Ii][4S][hnbl]' IPv4 addresses in host, network, big or little endian order
2048  * - 'I[6S]c' for IPv6 addresses printed as specified by
2049  *       http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5952
2050  * - 'E[achnops]' For an escaped buffer, where rules are defined by combination
2051  *                of the following flags (see string_escape_mem() for the
2052  *                details):
2053  *                  a - ESCAPE_ANY
2054  *                  c - ESCAPE_SPECIAL
2055  *                  h - ESCAPE_HEX
2056  *                  n - ESCAPE_NULL
2057  *                  o - ESCAPE_OCTAL
2058  *                  p - ESCAPE_NP
2059  *                  s - ESCAPE_SPACE
2060  *                By default ESCAPE_ANY_NP is used.
2061  * - 'U' For a 16 byte UUID/GUID, it prints the UUID/GUID in the form
2062  *       "xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx"
2063  *       Options for %pU are:
2064  *         b big endian lower case hex (default)
2065  *         B big endian UPPER case hex
2066  *         l little endian lower case hex
2067  *         L little endian UPPER case hex
2068  *           big endian output byte order is:
2069  *             [0][1][2][3]-[4][5]-[6][7]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2070  *           little endian output byte order is:
2071  *             [3][2][1][0]-[5][4]-[7][6]-[8][9]-[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2072  * - 'V' For a struct va_format which contains a format string * and va_list *,
2073  *       call vsnprintf(->format, *->va_list).
2074  *       Implements a "recursive vsnprintf".
2075  *       Do not use this feature without some mechanism to verify the
2076  *       correctness of the format string and va_list arguments.
2077  * - 'K' For a kernel pointer that should be hidden from unprivileged users
2078  * - 'NF' For a netdev_features_t
2079  * - 'h[CDN]' For a variable-length buffer, it prints it as a hex string with
2080  *            a certain separator (' ' by default):
2081  *              C colon
2082  *              D dash
2083  *              N no separator
2084  *            The maximum supported length is 64 bytes of the input. Consider
2085  *            to use print_hex_dump() for the larger input.
2086  * - 'a[pd]' For address types [p] phys_addr_t, [d] dma_addr_t and derivatives
2087  *           (default assumed to be phys_addr_t, passed by reference)
2088  * - 'd[234]' For a dentry name (optionally 2-4 last components)
2089  * - 'D[234]' Same as 'd' but for a struct file
2090  * - 'g' For block_device name (gendisk + partition number)
2091  * - 't[R][dt][r]' For time and date as represented:
2092  *      R    struct rtc_time
2093  * - 'C' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2094  *       (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2095  * - 'Cn' For a clock, it prints the name (Common Clock Framework) or address
2096  *        (legacy clock framework) of the clock
2097  * - 'G' For flags to be printed as a collection of symbolic strings that would
2098  *       construct the specific value. Supported flags given by option:
2099  *       p page flags (see struct page) given as pointer to unsigned long
2100  *       g gfp flags (GFP_* and __GFP_*) given as pointer to gfp_t
2101  *       v vma flags (VM_*) given as pointer to unsigned long
2102  * - 'OF[fnpPcCF]'  For a device tree object
2103  *                  Without any optional arguments prints the full_name
2104  *                  f device node full_name
2105  *                  n device node name
2106  *                  p device node phandle
2107  *                  P device node path spec (name + @unit)
2108  *                  F device node flags
2109  *                  c major compatible string
2110  *                  C full compatible string
2111  * - 'x' For printing the address. Equivalent to "%lx".
2112  *
2113  * ** When making changes please also update:
2114  *	Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst
2115  *
2116  * Note: The default behaviour (unadorned %p) is to hash the address,
2117  * rendering it useful as a unique identifier.
2118  */
2119 static noinline_for_stack
2120 char *pointer(const char *fmt, char *buf, char *end, void *ptr,
2121 	      struct printf_spec spec)
2122 {
2123 	switch (*fmt) {
2124 	case 'F':
2125 	case 'f':
2126 	case 'S':
2127 	case 's':
2128 		ptr = dereference_symbol_descriptor(ptr);
2129 		/* Fallthrough */
2130 	case 'B':
2131 		return symbol_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2132 	case 'R':
2133 	case 'r':
2134 		return resource_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2135 	case 'h':
2136 		return hex_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2137 	case 'b':
2138 		switch (fmt[1]) {
2139 		case 'l':
2140 			return bitmap_list_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2141 		default:
2142 			return bitmap_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2143 		}
2144 	case 'M':			/* Colon separated: 00:01:02:03:04:05 */
2145 	case 'm':			/* Contiguous: 000102030405 */
2146 					/* [mM]F (FDDI) */
2147 					/* [mM]R (Reverse order; Bluetooth) */
2148 		return mac_address_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2149 	case 'I':			/* Formatted IP supported
2150 					 * 4:	1.2.3.4
2151 					 * 6:	0001:0203:...:0708
2152 					 * 6c:	1::708 or 1::1.2.3.4
2153 					 */
2154 	case 'i':			/* Contiguous:
2155 					 * 4:	001.002.003.004
2156 					 * 6:   000102...0f
2157 					 */
2158 		return ip_addr_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2159 	case 'E':
2160 		return escaped_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2161 	case 'U':
2162 		return uuid_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2163 	case 'V':
2164 		return va_format(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2165 	case 'K':
2166 		return restricted_pointer(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2167 	case 'N':
2168 		return netdev_bits(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2169 	case 'a':
2170 		return address_val(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2171 	case 'd':
2172 		return dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2173 	case 't':
2174 		return time_and_date(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2175 	case 'C':
2176 		return clock(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2177 	case 'D':
2178 		return file_dentry_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2179 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
2180 	case 'g':
2181 		return bdev_name(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2182 #endif
2183 
2184 	case 'G':
2185 		return flags_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2186 	case 'O':
2187 		return kobject_string(buf, end, ptr, spec, fmt);
2188 	case 'x':
2189 		return pointer_string(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2190 	}
2191 
2192 	/* default is to _not_ leak addresses, hash before printing */
2193 	return ptr_to_id(buf, end, ptr, spec);
2194 }
2195 
2196 /*
2197  * Helper function to decode printf style format.
2198  * Each call decode a token from the format and return the
2199  * number of characters read (or likely the delta where it wants
2200  * to go on the next call).
2201  * The decoded token is returned through the parameters
2202  *
2203  * 'h', 'l', or 'L' for integer fields
2204  * 'z' support added 23/7/1999 S.H.
2205  * 'z' changed to 'Z' --davidm 1/25/99
2206  * 'Z' changed to 'z' --adobriyan 2017-01-25
2207  * 't' added for ptrdiff_t
2208  *
2209  * @fmt: the format string
2210  * @type of the token returned
2211  * @flags: various flags such as +, -, # tokens..
2212  * @field_width: overwritten width
2213  * @base: base of the number (octal, hex, ...)
2214  * @precision: precision of a number
2215  * @qualifier: qualifier of a number (long, size_t, ...)
2216  */
2217 static noinline_for_stack
2218 int format_decode(const char *fmt, struct printf_spec *spec)
2219 {
2220 	const char *start = fmt;
2221 	char qualifier;
2222 
2223 	/* we finished early by reading the field width */
2224 	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH) {
2225 		if (spec->field_width < 0) {
2226 			spec->field_width = -spec->field_width;
2227 			spec->flags |= LEFT;
2228 		}
2229 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2230 		goto precision;
2231 	}
2232 
2233 	/* we finished early by reading the precision */
2234 	if (spec->type == FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION) {
2235 		if (spec->precision < 0)
2236 			spec->precision = 0;
2237 
2238 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2239 		goto qualifier;
2240 	}
2241 
2242 	/* By default */
2243 	spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_NONE;
2244 
2245 	for (; *fmt ; ++fmt) {
2246 		if (*fmt == '%')
2247 			break;
2248 	}
2249 
2250 	/* Return the current non-format string */
2251 	if (fmt != start || !*fmt)
2252 		return fmt - start;
2253 
2254 	/* Process flags */
2255 	spec->flags = 0;
2256 
2257 	while (1) { /* this also skips first '%' */
2258 		bool found = true;
2259 
2260 		++fmt;
2261 
2262 		switch (*fmt) {
2263 		case '-': spec->flags |= LEFT;    break;
2264 		case '+': spec->flags |= PLUS;    break;
2265 		case ' ': spec->flags |= SPACE;   break;
2266 		case '#': spec->flags |= SPECIAL; break;
2267 		case '0': spec->flags |= ZEROPAD; break;
2268 		default:  found = false;
2269 		}
2270 
2271 		if (!found)
2272 			break;
2273 	}
2274 
2275 	/* get field width */
2276 	spec->field_width = -1;
2277 
2278 	if (isdigit(*fmt))
2279 		spec->field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2280 	else if (*fmt == '*') {
2281 		/* it's the next argument */
2282 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH;
2283 		return ++fmt - start;
2284 	}
2285 
2286 precision:
2287 	/* get the precision */
2288 	spec->precision = -1;
2289 	if (*fmt == '.') {
2290 		++fmt;
2291 		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
2292 			spec->precision = skip_atoi(&fmt);
2293 			if (spec->precision < 0)
2294 				spec->precision = 0;
2295 		} else if (*fmt == '*') {
2296 			/* it's the next argument */
2297 			spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION;
2298 			return ++fmt - start;
2299 		}
2300 	}
2301 
2302 qualifier:
2303 	/* get the conversion qualifier */
2304 	qualifier = 0;
2305 	if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
2306 	    *fmt == 'z' || *fmt == 't') {
2307 		qualifier = *fmt++;
2308 		if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
2309 			if (qualifier == 'l') {
2310 				qualifier = 'L';
2311 				++fmt;
2312 			} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2313 				qualifier = 'H';
2314 				++fmt;
2315 			}
2316 		}
2317 	}
2318 
2319 	/* default base */
2320 	spec->base = 10;
2321 	switch (*fmt) {
2322 	case 'c':
2323 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR;
2324 		return ++fmt - start;
2325 
2326 	case 's':
2327 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_STR;
2328 		return ++fmt - start;
2329 
2330 	case 'p':
2331 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTR;
2332 		return ++fmt - start;
2333 
2334 	case '%':
2335 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR;
2336 		return ++fmt - start;
2337 
2338 	/* integer number formats - set up the flags and "break" */
2339 	case 'o':
2340 		spec->base = 8;
2341 		break;
2342 
2343 	case 'x':
2344 		spec->flags |= SMALL;
2345 		/* fall through */
2346 
2347 	case 'X':
2348 		spec->base = 16;
2349 		break;
2350 
2351 	case 'd':
2352 	case 'i':
2353 		spec->flags |= SIGN;
2354 	case 'u':
2355 		break;
2356 
2357 	case 'n':
2358 		/*
2359 		 * Since %n poses a greater security risk than
2360 		 * utility, treat it as any other invalid or
2361 		 * unsupported format specifier.
2362 		 */
2363 		/* Fall-through */
2364 
2365 	default:
2366 		WARN_ONCE(1, "Please remove unsupported %%%c in format string\n", *fmt);
2367 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID;
2368 		return fmt - start;
2369 	}
2370 
2371 	if (qualifier == 'L')
2372 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG;
2373 	else if (qualifier == 'l') {
2374 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_LONG);
2375 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2376 	} else if (qualifier == 'z') {
2377 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T;
2378 	} else if (qualifier == 't') {
2379 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF;
2380 	} else if (qualifier == 'H') {
2381 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE);
2382 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2383 	} else if (qualifier == 'h') {
2384 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT);
2385 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2386 	} else {
2387 		BUILD_BUG_ON(FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + SIGN != FORMAT_TYPE_INT);
2388 		spec->type = FORMAT_TYPE_UINT + (spec->flags & SIGN);
2389 	}
2390 
2391 	return ++fmt - start;
2392 }
2393 
2394 static void
2395 set_field_width(struct printf_spec *spec, int width)
2396 {
2397 	spec->field_width = width;
2398 	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->field_width != width, "field width %d too large", width)) {
2399 		spec->field_width = clamp(width, -FIELD_WIDTH_MAX, FIELD_WIDTH_MAX);
2400 	}
2401 }
2402 
2403 static void
2404 set_precision(struct printf_spec *spec, int prec)
2405 {
2406 	spec->precision = prec;
2407 	if (WARN_ONCE(spec->precision != prec, "precision %d too large", prec)) {
2408 		spec->precision = clamp(prec, 0, PRECISION_MAX);
2409 	}
2410 }
2411 
2412 /**
2413  * vsnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2414  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2415  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2416  * @fmt: The format string to use
2417  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2418  *
2419  * This function generally follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some
2420  * extensions and a few limitations:
2421  *
2422  *  - ``%n`` is unsupported
2423  *  - ``%p*`` is handled by pointer()
2424  *
2425  * See pointer() or Documentation/core-api/printk-formats.rst for more
2426  * extensive description.
2427  *
2428  * **Please update the documentation in both places when making changes**
2429  *
2430  * The return value is the number of characters which would
2431  * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
2432  * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
2433  * number of characters written into @buf as return value
2434  * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
2435  * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
2436  * string is truncated.
2437  *
2438  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using snprintf().
2439  */
2440 int vsnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2441 {
2442 	unsigned long long num;
2443 	char *str, *end;
2444 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2445 
2446 	/* Reject out-of-range values early.  Large positive sizes are
2447 	   used for unknown buffer sizes. */
2448 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
2449 		return 0;
2450 
2451 	str = buf;
2452 	end = buf + size;
2453 
2454 	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
2455 	if (end < buf) {
2456 		end = ((void *)-1);
2457 		size = end - buf;
2458 	}
2459 
2460 	while (*fmt) {
2461 		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
2462 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2463 
2464 		fmt += read;
2465 
2466 		switch (spec.type) {
2467 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
2468 			int copy = read;
2469 			if (str < end) {
2470 				if (copy > end - str)
2471 					copy = end - str;
2472 				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
2473 			}
2474 			str += read;
2475 			break;
2476 		}
2477 
2478 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2479 			set_field_width(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2480 			break;
2481 
2482 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2483 			set_precision(&spec, va_arg(args, int));
2484 			break;
2485 
2486 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
2487 			char c;
2488 
2489 			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
2490 				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2491 					if (str < end)
2492 						*str = ' ';
2493 					++str;
2494 
2495 				}
2496 			}
2497 			c = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2498 			if (str < end)
2499 				*str = c;
2500 			++str;
2501 			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2502 				if (str < end)
2503 					*str = ' ';
2504 				++str;
2505 			}
2506 			break;
2507 		}
2508 
2509 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR:
2510 			str = string(str, end, va_arg(args, char *), spec);
2511 			break;
2512 
2513 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
2514 			str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
2515 				      spec);
2516 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
2517 				fmt++;
2518 			break;
2519 
2520 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
2521 			if (str < end)
2522 				*str = '%';
2523 			++str;
2524 			break;
2525 
2526 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
2527 			/*
2528 			 * Presumably the arguments passed gcc's type
2529 			 * checking, but there is no safe or sane way
2530 			 * for us to continue parsing the format and
2531 			 * fetching from the va_list; the remaining
2532 			 * specifiers and arguments would be out of
2533 			 * sync.
2534 			 */
2535 			goto out;
2536 
2537 		default:
2538 			switch (spec.type) {
2539 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
2540 				num = va_arg(args, long long);
2541 				break;
2542 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
2543 				num = va_arg(args, unsigned long);
2544 				break;
2545 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
2546 				num = va_arg(args, long);
2547 				break;
2548 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
2549 				if (spec.flags & SIGN)
2550 					num = va_arg(args, ssize_t);
2551 				else
2552 					num = va_arg(args, size_t);
2553 				break;
2554 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
2555 				num = va_arg(args, ptrdiff_t);
2556 				break;
2557 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
2558 				num = (unsigned char) va_arg(args, int);
2559 				break;
2560 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
2561 				num = (signed char) va_arg(args, int);
2562 				break;
2563 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
2564 				num = (unsigned short) va_arg(args, int);
2565 				break;
2566 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
2567 				num = (short) va_arg(args, int);
2568 				break;
2569 			case FORMAT_TYPE_INT:
2570 				num = (int) va_arg(args, int);
2571 				break;
2572 			default:
2573 				num = va_arg(args, unsigned int);
2574 			}
2575 
2576 			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
2577 		}
2578 	}
2579 
2580 out:
2581 	if (size > 0) {
2582 		if (str < end)
2583 			*str = '\0';
2584 		else
2585 			end[-1] = '\0';
2586 	}
2587 
2588 	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
2589 	return str-buf;
2590 
2591 }
2592 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsnprintf);
2593 
2594 /**
2595  * vscnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2596  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2597  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2598  * @fmt: The format string to use
2599  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2600  *
2601  * The return value is the number of characters which have been written into
2602  * the @buf not including the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function
2603  * returns 0.
2604  *
2605  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using scnprintf().
2606  *
2607  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2608  */
2609 int vscnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2610 {
2611 	int i;
2612 
2613 	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2614 
2615 	if (likely(i < size))
2616 		return i;
2617 	if (size != 0)
2618 		return size - 1;
2619 	return 0;
2620 }
2621 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vscnprintf);
2622 
2623 /**
2624  * snprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2625  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2626  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2627  * @fmt: The format string to use
2628  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2629  *
2630  * The return value is the number of characters which would be
2631  * generated for the given input, excluding the trailing null,
2632  * as per ISO C99.  If the return is greater than or equal to
2633  * @size, the resulting string is truncated.
2634  *
2635  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2636  */
2637 int snprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2638 {
2639 	va_list args;
2640 	int i;
2641 
2642 	va_start(args, fmt);
2643 	i = vsnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2644 	va_end(args);
2645 
2646 	return i;
2647 }
2648 EXPORT_SYMBOL(snprintf);
2649 
2650 /**
2651  * scnprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2652  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2653  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2654  * @fmt: The format string to use
2655  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2656  *
2657  * The return value is the number of characters written into @buf not including
2658  * the trailing '\0'. If @size is == 0 the function returns 0.
2659  */
2660 
2661 int scnprintf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
2662 {
2663 	va_list args;
2664 	int i;
2665 
2666 	va_start(args, fmt);
2667 	i = vscnprintf(buf, size, fmt, args);
2668 	va_end(args);
2669 
2670 	return i;
2671 }
2672 EXPORT_SYMBOL(scnprintf);
2673 
2674 /**
2675  * vsprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2676  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2677  * @fmt: The format string to use
2678  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2679  *
2680  * The function returns the number of characters written
2681  * into @buf. Use vsnprintf() or vscnprintf() in order to avoid
2682  * buffer overflows.
2683  *
2684  * If you're not already dealing with a va_list consider using sprintf().
2685  *
2686  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2687  */
2688 int vsprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2689 {
2690 	return vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2691 }
2692 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsprintf);
2693 
2694 /**
2695  * sprintf - Format a string and place it in a buffer
2696  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2697  * @fmt: The format string to use
2698  * @...: Arguments for the format string
2699  *
2700  * The function returns the number of characters written
2701  * into @buf. Use snprintf() or scnprintf() in order to avoid
2702  * buffer overflows.
2703  *
2704  * See the vsnprintf() documentation for format string extensions over C99.
2705  */
2706 int sprintf(char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
2707 {
2708 	va_list args;
2709 	int i;
2710 
2711 	va_start(args, fmt);
2712 	i = vsnprintf(buf, INT_MAX, fmt, args);
2713 	va_end(args);
2714 
2715 	return i;
2716 }
2717 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sprintf);
2718 
2719 #ifdef CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF
2720 /*
2721  * bprintf service:
2722  * vbin_printf() - VA arguments to binary data
2723  * bstr_printf() - Binary data to text string
2724  */
2725 
2726 /**
2727  * vbin_printf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
2728  * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
2729  * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
2730  * @fmt: The format string to use
2731  * @args: Arguments for the format string
2732  *
2733  * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, except %n is ignored, and its argument
2734  * is skipped.
2735  *
2736  * The return value is the number of words(32bits) which would be generated for
2737  * the given input.
2738  *
2739  * NOTE:
2740  * If the return value is greater than @size, the resulting bin_buf is NOT
2741  * valid for bstr_printf().
2742  */
2743 int vbin_printf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, va_list args)
2744 {
2745 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2746 	char *str, *end;
2747 	int width;
2748 
2749 	str = (char *)bin_buf;
2750 	end = (char *)(bin_buf + size);
2751 
2752 #define save_arg(type)							\
2753 ({									\
2754 	unsigned long long value;					\
2755 	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
2756 		unsigned long long val8;				\
2757 		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32));			\
2758 		val8 = va_arg(args, unsigned long long);		\
2759 		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end) {			\
2760 			*(u32 *)str = *(u32 *)&val8;			\
2761 			*(u32 *)(str + 4) = *((u32 *)&val8 + 1);	\
2762 		}							\
2763 		value = val8;						\
2764 	} else {							\
2765 		unsigned int val4;					\
2766 		str = PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(type));			\
2767 		val4 = va_arg(args, int);				\
2768 		if (str + sizeof(type) <= end)				\
2769 			*(typeof(type) *)str = (type)(long)val4;	\
2770 		value = (unsigned long long)val4;			\
2771 	}								\
2772 	str += sizeof(type);						\
2773 	value;								\
2774 })
2775 
2776 	while (*fmt) {
2777 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2778 
2779 		fmt += read;
2780 
2781 		switch (spec.type) {
2782 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE:
2783 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
2784 			break;
2785 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
2786 			goto out;
2787 
2788 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2789 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2790 			width = (int)save_arg(int);
2791 			/* Pointers may require the width */
2792 			if (*fmt == 'p')
2793 				set_field_width(&spec, width);
2794 			break;
2795 
2796 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR:
2797 			save_arg(char);
2798 			break;
2799 
2800 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
2801 			const char *save_str = va_arg(args, char *);
2802 			const char *err_msg;
2803 			size_t len;
2804 
2805 			err_msg = check_pointer_msg(save_str);
2806 			if (err_msg)
2807 				save_str = err_msg;
2808 
2809 			len = strlen(save_str) + 1;
2810 			if (str + len < end)
2811 				memcpy(str, save_str, len);
2812 			str += len;
2813 			break;
2814 		}
2815 
2816 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR:
2817 			/* Dereferenced pointers must be done now */
2818 			switch (*fmt) {
2819 			/* Dereference of functions is still OK */
2820 			case 'S':
2821 			case 's':
2822 			case 'F':
2823 			case 'f':
2824 			case 'x':
2825 			case 'K':
2826 				save_arg(void *);
2827 				break;
2828 			default:
2829 				if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
2830 					save_arg(void *);
2831 					break;
2832 				}
2833 				str = pointer(fmt, str, end, va_arg(args, void *),
2834 					      spec);
2835 				if (str + 1 < end)
2836 					*str++ = '\0';
2837 				else
2838 					end[-1] = '\0'; /* Must be nul terminated */
2839 			}
2840 			/* skip all alphanumeric pointer suffixes */
2841 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
2842 				fmt++;
2843 			break;
2844 
2845 		default:
2846 			switch (spec.type) {
2847 
2848 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
2849 				save_arg(long long);
2850 				break;
2851 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
2852 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
2853 				save_arg(unsigned long);
2854 				break;
2855 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
2856 				save_arg(size_t);
2857 				break;
2858 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
2859 				save_arg(ptrdiff_t);
2860 				break;
2861 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
2862 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
2863 				save_arg(char);
2864 				break;
2865 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
2866 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
2867 				save_arg(short);
2868 				break;
2869 			default:
2870 				save_arg(int);
2871 			}
2872 		}
2873 	}
2874 
2875 out:
2876 	return (u32 *)(PTR_ALIGN(str, sizeof(u32))) - bin_buf;
2877 #undef save_arg
2878 }
2879 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(vbin_printf);
2880 
2881 /**
2882  * bstr_printf - Format a string from binary arguments and place it in a buffer
2883  * @buf: The buffer to place the result into
2884  * @size: The size of the buffer, including the trailing null space
2885  * @fmt: The format string to use
2886  * @bin_buf: Binary arguments for the format string
2887  *
2888  * This function like C99 vsnprintf, but the difference is that vsnprintf gets
2889  * arguments from stack, and bstr_printf gets arguments from @bin_buf which is
2890  * a binary buffer that generated by vbin_printf.
2891  *
2892  * The format follows C99 vsnprintf, but has some extensions:
2893  *  see vsnprintf comment for details.
2894  *
2895  * The return value is the number of characters which would
2896  * be generated for the given input, excluding the trailing
2897  * '\0', as per ISO C99. If you want to have the exact
2898  * number of characters written into @buf as return value
2899  * (not including the trailing '\0'), use vscnprintf(). If the
2900  * return is greater than or equal to @size, the resulting
2901  * string is truncated.
2902  */
2903 int bstr_printf(char *buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, const u32 *bin_buf)
2904 {
2905 	struct printf_spec spec = {0};
2906 	char *str, *end;
2907 	const char *args = (const char *)bin_buf;
2908 
2909 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(size > INT_MAX))
2910 		return 0;
2911 
2912 	str = buf;
2913 	end = buf + size;
2914 
2915 #define get_arg(type)							\
2916 ({									\
2917 	typeof(type) value;						\
2918 	if (sizeof(type) == 8) {					\
2919 		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(u32));			\
2920 		*(u32 *)&value = *(u32 *)args;				\
2921 		*((u32 *)&value + 1) = *(u32 *)(args + 4);		\
2922 	} else {							\
2923 		args = PTR_ALIGN(args, sizeof(type));			\
2924 		value = *(typeof(type) *)args;				\
2925 	}								\
2926 	args += sizeof(type);						\
2927 	value;								\
2928 })
2929 
2930 	/* Make sure end is always >= buf */
2931 	if (end < buf) {
2932 		end = ((void *)-1);
2933 		size = end - buf;
2934 	}
2935 
2936 	while (*fmt) {
2937 		const char *old_fmt = fmt;
2938 		int read = format_decode(fmt, &spec);
2939 
2940 		fmt += read;
2941 
2942 		switch (spec.type) {
2943 		case FORMAT_TYPE_NONE: {
2944 			int copy = read;
2945 			if (str < end) {
2946 				if (copy > end - str)
2947 					copy = end - str;
2948 				memcpy(str, old_fmt, copy);
2949 			}
2950 			str += read;
2951 			break;
2952 		}
2953 
2954 		case FORMAT_TYPE_WIDTH:
2955 			set_field_width(&spec, get_arg(int));
2956 			break;
2957 
2958 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PRECISION:
2959 			set_precision(&spec, get_arg(int));
2960 			break;
2961 
2962 		case FORMAT_TYPE_CHAR: {
2963 			char c;
2964 
2965 			if (!(spec.flags & LEFT)) {
2966 				while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2967 					if (str < end)
2968 						*str = ' ';
2969 					++str;
2970 				}
2971 			}
2972 			c = (unsigned char) get_arg(char);
2973 			if (str < end)
2974 				*str = c;
2975 			++str;
2976 			while (--spec.field_width > 0) {
2977 				if (str < end)
2978 					*str = ' ';
2979 				++str;
2980 			}
2981 			break;
2982 		}
2983 
2984 		case FORMAT_TYPE_STR: {
2985 			const char *str_arg = args;
2986 			args += strlen(str_arg) + 1;
2987 			str = string(str, end, (char *)str_arg, spec);
2988 			break;
2989 		}
2990 
2991 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PTR: {
2992 			bool process = false;
2993 			int copy, len;
2994 			/* Non function dereferences were already done */
2995 			switch (*fmt) {
2996 			case 'S':
2997 			case 's':
2998 			case 'F':
2999 			case 'f':
3000 			case 'x':
3001 			case 'K':
3002 				process = true;
3003 				break;
3004 			default:
3005 				if (!isalnum(*fmt)) {
3006 					process = true;
3007 					break;
3008 				}
3009 				/* Pointer dereference was already processed */
3010 				if (str < end) {
3011 					len = copy = strlen(args);
3012 					if (copy > end - str)
3013 						copy = end - str;
3014 					memcpy(str, args, copy);
3015 					str += len;
3016 					args += len + 1;
3017 				}
3018 			}
3019 			if (process)
3020 				str = pointer(fmt, str, end, get_arg(void *), spec);
3021 
3022 			while (isalnum(*fmt))
3023 				fmt++;
3024 			break;
3025 		}
3026 
3027 		case FORMAT_TYPE_PERCENT_CHAR:
3028 			if (str < end)
3029 				*str = '%';
3030 			++str;
3031 			break;
3032 
3033 		case FORMAT_TYPE_INVALID:
3034 			goto out;
3035 
3036 		default: {
3037 			unsigned long long num;
3038 
3039 			switch (spec.type) {
3040 
3041 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG_LONG:
3042 				num = get_arg(long long);
3043 				break;
3044 			case FORMAT_TYPE_ULONG:
3045 			case FORMAT_TYPE_LONG:
3046 				num = get_arg(unsigned long);
3047 				break;
3048 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SIZE_T:
3049 				num = get_arg(size_t);
3050 				break;
3051 			case FORMAT_TYPE_PTRDIFF:
3052 				num = get_arg(ptrdiff_t);
3053 				break;
3054 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UBYTE:
3055 				num = get_arg(unsigned char);
3056 				break;
3057 			case FORMAT_TYPE_BYTE:
3058 				num = get_arg(signed char);
3059 				break;
3060 			case FORMAT_TYPE_USHORT:
3061 				num = get_arg(unsigned short);
3062 				break;
3063 			case FORMAT_TYPE_SHORT:
3064 				num = get_arg(short);
3065 				break;
3066 			case FORMAT_TYPE_UINT:
3067 				num = get_arg(unsigned int);
3068 				break;
3069 			default:
3070 				num = get_arg(int);
3071 			}
3072 
3073 			str = number(str, end, num, spec);
3074 		} /* default: */
3075 		} /* switch(spec.type) */
3076 	} /* while(*fmt) */
3077 
3078 out:
3079 	if (size > 0) {
3080 		if (str < end)
3081 			*str = '\0';
3082 		else
3083 			end[-1] = '\0';
3084 	}
3085 
3086 #undef get_arg
3087 
3088 	/* the trailing null byte doesn't count towards the total */
3089 	return str - buf;
3090 }
3091 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bstr_printf);
3092 
3093 /**
3094  * bprintf - Parse a format string and place args' binary value in a buffer
3095  * @bin_buf: The buffer to place args' binary value
3096  * @size: The size of the buffer(by words(32bits), not characters)
3097  * @fmt: The format string to use
3098  * @...: Arguments for the format string
3099  *
3100  * The function returns the number of words(u32) written
3101  * into @bin_buf.
3102  */
3103 int bprintf(u32 *bin_buf, size_t size, const char *fmt, ...)
3104 {
3105 	va_list args;
3106 	int ret;
3107 
3108 	va_start(args, fmt);
3109 	ret = vbin_printf(bin_buf, size, fmt, args);
3110 	va_end(args);
3111 
3112 	return ret;
3113 }
3114 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(bprintf);
3115 
3116 #endif /* CONFIG_BINARY_PRINTF */
3117 
3118 /**
3119  * vsscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3120  * @buf:	input buffer
3121  * @fmt:	format of buffer
3122  * @args:	arguments
3123  */
3124 int vsscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, va_list args)
3125 {
3126 	const char *str = buf;
3127 	char *next;
3128 	char digit;
3129 	int num = 0;
3130 	u8 qualifier;
3131 	unsigned int base;
3132 	union {
3133 		long long s;
3134 		unsigned long long u;
3135 	} val;
3136 	s16 field_width;
3137 	bool is_sign;
3138 
3139 	while (*fmt) {
3140 		/* skip any white space in format */
3141 		/* white space in format matchs any amount of
3142 		 * white space, including none, in the input.
3143 		 */
3144 		if (isspace(*fmt)) {
3145 			fmt = skip_spaces(++fmt);
3146 			str = skip_spaces(str);
3147 		}
3148 
3149 		/* anything that is not a conversion must match exactly */
3150 		if (*fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3151 			if (*fmt++ != *str++)
3152 				break;
3153 			continue;
3154 		}
3155 
3156 		if (!*fmt)
3157 			break;
3158 		++fmt;
3159 
3160 		/* skip this conversion.
3161 		 * advance both strings to next white space
3162 		 */
3163 		if (*fmt == '*') {
3164 			if (!*str)
3165 				break;
3166 			while (!isspace(*fmt) && *fmt != '%' && *fmt) {
3167 				/* '%*[' not yet supported, invalid format */
3168 				if (*fmt == '[')
3169 					return num;
3170 				fmt++;
3171 			}
3172 			while (!isspace(*str) && *str)
3173 				str++;
3174 			continue;
3175 		}
3176 
3177 		/* get field width */
3178 		field_width = -1;
3179 		if (isdigit(*fmt)) {
3180 			field_width = skip_atoi(&fmt);
3181 			if (field_width <= 0)
3182 				break;
3183 		}
3184 
3185 		/* get conversion qualifier */
3186 		qualifier = -1;
3187 		if (*fmt == 'h' || _tolower(*fmt) == 'l' ||
3188 		    *fmt == 'z') {
3189 			qualifier = *fmt++;
3190 			if (unlikely(qualifier == *fmt)) {
3191 				if (qualifier == 'h') {
3192 					qualifier = 'H';
3193 					fmt++;
3194 				} else if (qualifier == 'l') {
3195 					qualifier = 'L';
3196 					fmt++;
3197 				}
3198 			}
3199 		}
3200 
3201 		if (!*fmt)
3202 			break;
3203 
3204 		if (*fmt == 'n') {
3205 			/* return number of characters read so far */
3206 			*va_arg(args, int *) = str - buf;
3207 			++fmt;
3208 			continue;
3209 		}
3210 
3211 		if (!*str)
3212 			break;
3213 
3214 		base = 10;
3215 		is_sign = false;
3216 
3217 		switch (*fmt++) {
3218 		case 'c':
3219 		{
3220 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char*);
3221 			if (field_width == -1)
3222 				field_width = 1;
3223 			do {
3224 				*s++ = *str++;
3225 			} while (--field_width > 0 && *str);
3226 			num++;
3227 		}
3228 		continue;
3229 		case 's':
3230 		{
3231 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3232 			if (field_width == -1)
3233 				field_width = SHRT_MAX;
3234 			/* first, skip leading white space in buffer */
3235 			str = skip_spaces(str);
3236 
3237 			/* now copy until next white space */
3238 			while (*str && !isspace(*str) && field_width--)
3239 				*s++ = *str++;
3240 			*s = '\0';
3241 			num++;
3242 		}
3243 		continue;
3244 		/*
3245 		 * Warning: This implementation of the '[' conversion specifier
3246 		 * deviates from its glibc counterpart in the following ways:
3247 		 * (1) It does NOT support ranges i.e. '-' is NOT a special
3248 		 *     character
3249 		 * (2) It cannot match the closing bracket ']' itself
3250 		 * (3) A field width is required
3251 		 * (4) '%*[' (discard matching input) is currently not supported
3252 		 *
3253 		 * Example usage:
3254 		 * ret = sscanf("00:0a:95","%2[^:]:%2[^:]:%2[^:]",
3255 		 *		buf1, buf2, buf3);
3256 		 * if (ret < 3)
3257 		 *    // etc..
3258 		 */
3259 		case '[':
3260 		{
3261 			char *s = (char *)va_arg(args, char *);
3262 			DECLARE_BITMAP(set, 256) = {0};
3263 			unsigned int len = 0;
3264 			bool negate = (*fmt == '^');
3265 
3266 			/* field width is required */
3267 			if (field_width == -1)
3268 				return num;
3269 
3270 			if (negate)
3271 				++fmt;
3272 
3273 			for ( ; *fmt && *fmt != ']'; ++fmt, ++len)
3274 				set_bit((u8)*fmt, set);
3275 
3276 			/* no ']' or no character set found */
3277 			if (!*fmt || !len)
3278 				return num;
3279 			++fmt;
3280 
3281 			if (negate) {
3282 				bitmap_complement(set, set, 256);
3283 				/* exclude null '\0' byte */
3284 				clear_bit(0, set);
3285 			}
3286 
3287 			/* match must be non-empty */
3288 			if (!test_bit((u8)*str, set))
3289 				return num;
3290 
3291 			while (test_bit((u8)*str, set) && field_width--)
3292 				*s++ = *str++;
3293 			*s = '\0';
3294 			++num;
3295 		}
3296 		continue;
3297 		case 'o':
3298 			base = 8;
3299 			break;
3300 		case 'x':
3301 		case 'X':
3302 			base = 16;
3303 			break;
3304 		case 'i':
3305 			base = 0;
3306 			/* fall through */
3307 		case 'd':
3308 			is_sign = true;
3309 			/* fall through */
3310 		case 'u':
3311 			break;
3312 		case '%':
3313 			/* looking for '%' in str */
3314 			if (*str++ != '%')
3315 				return num;
3316 			continue;
3317 		default:
3318 			/* invalid format; stop here */
3319 			return num;
3320 		}
3321 
3322 		/* have some sort of integer conversion.
3323 		 * first, skip white space in buffer.
3324 		 */
3325 		str = skip_spaces(str);
3326 
3327 		digit = *str;
3328 		if (is_sign && digit == '-')
3329 			digit = *(str + 1);
3330 
3331 		if (!digit
3332 		    || (base == 16 && !isxdigit(digit))
3333 		    || (base == 10 && !isdigit(digit))
3334 		    || (base == 8 && (!isdigit(digit) || digit > '7'))
3335 		    || (base == 0 && !isdigit(digit)))
3336 			break;
3337 
3338 		if (is_sign)
3339 			val.s = qualifier != 'L' ?
3340 				simple_strtol(str, &next, base) :
3341 				simple_strtoll(str, &next, base);
3342 		else
3343 			val.u = qualifier != 'L' ?
3344 				simple_strtoul(str, &next, base) :
3345 				simple_strtoull(str, &next, base);
3346 
3347 		if (field_width > 0 && next - str > field_width) {
3348 			if (base == 0)
3349 				_parse_integer_fixup_radix(str, &base);
3350 			while (next - str > field_width) {
3351 				if (is_sign)
3352 					val.s = div_s64(val.s, base);
3353 				else
3354 					val.u = div_u64(val.u, base);
3355 				--next;
3356 			}
3357 		}
3358 
3359 		switch (qualifier) {
3360 		case 'H':	/* that's 'hh' in format */
3361 			if (is_sign)
3362 				*va_arg(args, signed char *) = val.s;
3363 			else
3364 				*va_arg(args, unsigned char *) = val.u;
3365 			break;
3366 		case 'h':
3367 			if (is_sign)
3368 				*va_arg(args, short *) = val.s;
3369 			else
3370 				*va_arg(args, unsigned short *) = val.u;
3371 			break;
3372 		case 'l':
3373 			if (is_sign)
3374 				*va_arg(args, long *) = val.s;
3375 			else
3376 				*va_arg(args, unsigned long *) = val.u;
3377 			break;
3378 		case 'L':
3379 			if (is_sign)
3380 				*va_arg(args, long long *) = val.s;
3381 			else
3382 				*va_arg(args, unsigned long long *) = val.u;
3383 			break;
3384 		case 'z':
3385 			*va_arg(args, size_t *) = val.u;
3386 			break;
3387 		default:
3388 			if (is_sign)
3389 				*va_arg(args, int *) = val.s;
3390 			else
3391 				*va_arg(args, unsigned int *) = val.u;
3392 			break;
3393 		}
3394 		num++;
3395 
3396 		if (!next)
3397 			break;
3398 		str = next;
3399 	}
3400 
3401 	return num;
3402 }
3403 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vsscanf);
3404 
3405 /**
3406  * sscanf - Unformat a buffer into a list of arguments
3407  * @buf:	input buffer
3408  * @fmt:	formatting of buffer
3409  * @...:	resulting arguments
3410  */
3411 int sscanf(const char *buf, const char *fmt, ...)
3412 {
3413 	va_list args;
3414 	int i;
3415 
3416 	va_start(args, fmt);
3417 	i = vsscanf(buf, fmt, args);
3418 	va_end(args);
3419 
3420 	return i;
3421 }
3422 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sscanf);
3423