xref: /linux/lib/ubsan.c (revision b7019ac550eb3916f34d79db583e9b7ea2524afa)
1 /*
2  * UBSAN error reporting functions
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
5  * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
6  *
7  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
8  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
9  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
10  *
11  */
12 
13 #include <linux/bitops.h>
14 #include <linux/bug.h>
15 #include <linux/ctype.h>
16 #include <linux/init.h>
17 #include <linux/kernel.h>
18 #include <linux/types.h>
19 #include <linux/sched.h>
20 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
21 
22 #include "ubsan.h"
23 
24 const char *type_check_kinds[] = {
25 	"load of",
26 	"store to",
27 	"reference binding to",
28 	"member access within",
29 	"member call on",
30 	"constructor call on",
31 	"downcast of",
32 	"downcast of"
33 };
34 
35 #define REPORTED_BIT 31
36 
37 #if (BITS_PER_LONG == 64) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
38 #define COLUMN_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
39 #define LINE_MASK   (~0U)
40 #else
41 #define COLUMN_MASK   (~0U)
42 #define LINE_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
43 #endif
44 
45 #define VALUE_LENGTH 40
46 
47 static bool was_reported(struct source_location *location)
48 {
49 	return test_and_set_bit(REPORTED_BIT, &location->reported);
50 }
51 
52 static void print_source_location(const char *prefix,
53 				struct source_location *loc)
54 {
55 	pr_err("%s %s:%d:%d\n", prefix, loc->file_name,
56 		loc->line & LINE_MASK, loc->column & COLUMN_MASK);
57 }
58 
59 static bool suppress_report(struct source_location *loc)
60 {
61 	return current->in_ubsan || was_reported(loc);
62 }
63 
64 static bool type_is_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
65 {
66 	return type->type_kind == type_kind_int;
67 }
68 
69 static bool type_is_signed(struct type_descriptor *type)
70 {
71 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
72 	return  type->type_info & 1;
73 }
74 
75 static unsigned type_bit_width(struct type_descriptor *type)
76 {
77 	return 1 << (type->type_info >> 1);
78 }
79 
80 static bool is_inline_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
81 {
82 	unsigned inline_bits = sizeof(unsigned long)*8;
83 	unsigned bits = type_bit_width(type);
84 
85 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
86 
87 	return bits <= inline_bits;
88 }
89 
90 static s_max get_signed_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
91 {
92 	if (is_inline_int(type)) {
93 		unsigned extra_bits = sizeof(s_max)*8 - type_bit_width(type);
94 		unsigned long ulong_val = (unsigned long)val;
95 
96 		return ((s_max)ulong_val) << extra_bits >> extra_bits;
97 	}
98 
99 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
100 		return *(s64 *)val;
101 
102 	return *(s_max *)val;
103 }
104 
105 static bool val_is_negative(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
106 {
107 	return type_is_signed(type) && get_signed_val(type, val) < 0;
108 }
109 
110 static u_max get_unsigned_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
111 {
112 	if (is_inline_int(type))
113 		return (unsigned long)val;
114 
115 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
116 		return *(u64 *)val;
117 
118 	return *(u_max *)val;
119 }
120 
121 static void val_to_string(char *str, size_t size, struct type_descriptor *type,
122 			void *value)
123 {
124 	if (type_is_int(type)) {
125 		if (type_bit_width(type) == 128) {
126 #if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128) && defined(__SIZEOF_INT128__)
127 			u_max val = get_unsigned_val(type, value);
128 
129 			scnprintf(str, size, "0x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
130 				(u32)(val >> 96),
131 				(u32)(val >> 64),
132 				(u32)(val >> 32),
133 				(u32)(val));
134 #else
135 			WARN_ON(1);
136 #endif
137 		} else if (type_is_signed(type)) {
138 			scnprintf(str, size, "%lld",
139 				(s64)get_signed_val(type, value));
140 		} else {
141 			scnprintf(str, size, "%llu",
142 				(u64)get_unsigned_val(type, value));
143 		}
144 	}
145 }
146 
147 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(report_lock);
148 
149 static void ubsan_prologue(struct source_location *location,
150 			unsigned long *flags)
151 {
152 	current->in_ubsan++;
153 	spin_lock_irqsave(&report_lock, *flags);
154 
155 	pr_err("========================================"
156 		"========================================\n");
157 	print_source_location("UBSAN: Undefined behaviour in", location);
158 }
159 
160 static void ubsan_epilogue(unsigned long *flags)
161 {
162 	dump_stack();
163 	pr_err("========================================"
164 		"========================================\n");
165 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&report_lock, *flags);
166 	current->in_ubsan--;
167 }
168 
169 static void handle_overflow(struct overflow_data *data, void *lhs,
170 			void *rhs, char op)
171 {
172 
173 	struct type_descriptor *type = data->type;
174 	unsigned long flags;
175 	char lhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
176 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
177 
178 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
179 		return;
180 
181 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
182 
183 	val_to_string(lhs_val_str, sizeof(lhs_val_str), type, lhs);
184 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), type, rhs);
185 	pr_err("%s integer overflow:\n",
186 		type_is_signed(type) ? "signed" : "unsigned");
187 	pr_err("%s %c %s cannot be represented in type %s\n",
188 		lhs_val_str,
189 		op,
190 		rhs_val_str,
191 		type->type_name);
192 
193 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
194 }
195 
196 void __ubsan_handle_add_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
197 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
198 {
199 
200 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '+');
201 }
202 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_add_overflow);
203 
204 void __ubsan_handle_sub_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
205 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
206 {
207 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '-');
208 }
209 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_sub_overflow);
210 
211 void __ubsan_handle_mul_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
212 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
213 {
214 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '*');
215 }
216 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_mul_overflow);
217 
218 void __ubsan_handle_negate_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
219 				void *old_val)
220 {
221 	unsigned long flags;
222 	char old_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
223 
224 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
225 		return;
226 
227 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
228 
229 	val_to_string(old_val_str, sizeof(old_val_str), data->type, old_val);
230 
231 	pr_err("negation of %s cannot be represented in type %s:\n",
232 		old_val_str, data->type->type_name);
233 
234 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
235 }
236 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_negate_overflow);
237 
238 
239 void __ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
240 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
241 {
242 	unsigned long flags;
243 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
244 
245 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
246 		return;
247 
248 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
249 
250 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), data->type, rhs);
251 
252 	if (type_is_signed(data->type) && get_signed_val(data->type, rhs) == -1)
253 		pr_err("division of %s by -1 cannot be represented in type %s\n",
254 			rhs_val_str, data->type->type_name);
255 	else
256 		pr_err("division by zero\n");
257 
258 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
259 }
260 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow);
261 
262 static void handle_null_ptr_deref(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data)
263 {
264 	unsigned long flags;
265 
266 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
267 		return;
268 
269 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
270 
271 	pr_err("%s null pointer of type %s\n",
272 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
273 		data->type->type_name);
274 
275 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
276 }
277 
278 static void handle_misaligned_access(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
279 				unsigned long ptr)
280 {
281 	unsigned long flags;
282 
283 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
284 		return;
285 
286 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
287 
288 	pr_err("%s misaligned address %p for type %s\n",
289 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
290 		(void *)ptr, data->type->type_name);
291 	pr_err("which requires %ld byte alignment\n", data->alignment);
292 
293 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
294 }
295 
296 static void handle_object_size_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
297 					unsigned long ptr)
298 {
299 	unsigned long flags;
300 
301 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
302 		return;
303 
304 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, &flags);
305 	pr_err("%s address %p with insufficient space\n",
306 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
307 		(void *) ptr);
308 	pr_err("for an object of type %s\n", data->type->type_name);
309 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
310 }
311 
312 static void ubsan_type_mismatch_common(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
313 				unsigned long ptr)
314 {
315 	unsigned long flags = user_access_save();
316 
317 	if (!ptr)
318 		handle_null_ptr_deref(data);
319 	else if (data->alignment && !IS_ALIGNED(ptr, data->alignment))
320 		handle_misaligned_access(data, ptr);
321 	else
322 		handle_object_size_mismatch(data, ptr);
323 
324 	user_access_restore(flags);
325 }
326 
327 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data *data,
328 				void *ptr)
329 {
330 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
331 		.location = &data->location,
332 		.type = data->type,
333 		.alignment = data->alignment,
334 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
335 	};
336 
337 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
338 }
339 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch);
340 
341 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1(struct type_mismatch_data_v1 *data,
342 				void *ptr)
343 {
344 
345 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
346 		.location = &data->location,
347 		.type = data->type,
348 		.alignment = 1UL << data->log_alignment,
349 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
350 	};
351 
352 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
353 }
354 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1);
355 
356 void __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds(struct out_of_bounds_data *data, void *index)
357 {
358 	unsigned long flags;
359 	char index_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
360 
361 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
362 		return;
363 
364 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
365 
366 	val_to_string(index_str, sizeof(index_str), data->index_type, index);
367 	pr_err("index %s is out of range for type %s\n", index_str,
368 		data->array_type->type_name);
369 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
370 }
371 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds);
372 
373 void __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds(struct shift_out_of_bounds_data *data,
374 					void *lhs, void *rhs)
375 {
376 	unsigned long flags;
377 	struct type_descriptor *rhs_type = data->rhs_type;
378 	struct type_descriptor *lhs_type = data->lhs_type;
379 	char rhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
380 	char lhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
381 
382 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
383 		return;
384 
385 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
386 
387 	val_to_string(rhs_str, sizeof(rhs_str), rhs_type, rhs);
388 	val_to_string(lhs_str, sizeof(lhs_str), lhs_type, lhs);
389 
390 	if (val_is_negative(rhs_type, rhs))
391 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is negative\n", rhs_str);
392 
393 	else if (get_unsigned_val(rhs_type, rhs) >=
394 		type_bit_width(lhs_type))
395 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is too large for %u-bit type %s\n",
396 			rhs_str,
397 			type_bit_width(lhs_type),
398 			lhs_type->type_name);
399 	else if (val_is_negative(lhs_type, lhs))
400 		pr_err("left shift of negative value %s\n",
401 			lhs_str);
402 	else
403 		pr_err("left shift of %s by %s places cannot be"
404 			" represented in type %s\n",
405 			lhs_str, rhs_str,
406 			lhs_type->type_name);
407 
408 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
409 }
410 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds);
411 
412 
413 void __ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable(struct unreachable_data *data)
414 {
415 	unsigned long flags;
416 
417 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
418 	pr_err("calling __builtin_unreachable()\n");
419 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
420 	panic("can't return from __builtin_unreachable()");
421 }
422 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable);
423 
424 void __ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value(struct invalid_value_data *data,
425 				void *val)
426 {
427 	unsigned long flags;
428 	char val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
429 
430 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
431 		return;
432 
433 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, &flags);
434 
435 	val_to_string(val_str, sizeof(val_str), data->type, val);
436 
437 	pr_err("load of value %s is not a valid value for type %s\n",
438 		val_str, data->type->type_name);
439 
440 	ubsan_epilogue(&flags);
441 }
442 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value);
443