xref: /linux/lib/ubsan.c (revision 37744feebc086908fd89760650f458ab19071750)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * UBSAN error reporting functions
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
6  * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/bitops.h>
10 #include <linux/bug.h>
11 #include <linux/ctype.h>
12 #include <linux/init.h>
13 #include <linux/kernel.h>
14 #include <linux/types.h>
15 #include <linux/sched.h>
16 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
17 
18 #include "ubsan.h"
19 
20 const char *type_check_kinds[] = {
21 	"load of",
22 	"store to",
23 	"reference binding to",
24 	"member access within",
25 	"member call on",
26 	"constructor call on",
27 	"downcast of",
28 	"downcast of"
29 };
30 
31 #define REPORTED_BIT 31
32 
33 #if (BITS_PER_LONG == 64) && defined(__BIG_ENDIAN)
34 #define COLUMN_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
35 #define LINE_MASK   (~0U)
36 #else
37 #define COLUMN_MASK   (~0U)
38 #define LINE_MASK (~(1U << REPORTED_BIT))
39 #endif
40 
41 #define VALUE_LENGTH 40
42 
43 static bool was_reported(struct source_location *location)
44 {
45 	return test_and_set_bit(REPORTED_BIT, &location->reported);
46 }
47 
48 static bool suppress_report(struct source_location *loc)
49 {
50 	return current->in_ubsan || was_reported(loc);
51 }
52 
53 static bool type_is_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
54 {
55 	return type->type_kind == type_kind_int;
56 }
57 
58 static bool type_is_signed(struct type_descriptor *type)
59 {
60 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
61 	return  type->type_info & 1;
62 }
63 
64 static unsigned type_bit_width(struct type_descriptor *type)
65 {
66 	return 1 << (type->type_info >> 1);
67 }
68 
69 static bool is_inline_int(struct type_descriptor *type)
70 {
71 	unsigned inline_bits = sizeof(unsigned long)*8;
72 	unsigned bits = type_bit_width(type);
73 
74 	WARN_ON(!type_is_int(type));
75 
76 	return bits <= inline_bits;
77 }
78 
79 static s_max get_signed_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
80 {
81 	if (is_inline_int(type)) {
82 		unsigned extra_bits = sizeof(s_max)*8 - type_bit_width(type);
83 		unsigned long ulong_val = (unsigned long)val;
84 
85 		return ((s_max)ulong_val) << extra_bits >> extra_bits;
86 	}
87 
88 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
89 		return *(s64 *)val;
90 
91 	return *(s_max *)val;
92 }
93 
94 static bool val_is_negative(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
95 {
96 	return type_is_signed(type) && get_signed_val(type, val) < 0;
97 }
98 
99 static u_max get_unsigned_val(struct type_descriptor *type, void *val)
100 {
101 	if (is_inline_int(type))
102 		return (unsigned long)val;
103 
104 	if (type_bit_width(type) == 64)
105 		return *(u64 *)val;
106 
107 	return *(u_max *)val;
108 }
109 
110 static void val_to_string(char *str, size_t size, struct type_descriptor *type,
111 			void *value)
112 {
113 	if (type_is_int(type)) {
114 		if (type_bit_width(type) == 128) {
115 #if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_INT128)
116 			u_max val = get_unsigned_val(type, value);
117 
118 			scnprintf(str, size, "0x%08x%08x%08x%08x",
119 				(u32)(val >> 96),
120 				(u32)(val >> 64),
121 				(u32)(val >> 32),
122 				(u32)(val));
123 #else
124 			WARN_ON(1);
125 #endif
126 		} else if (type_is_signed(type)) {
127 			scnprintf(str, size, "%lld",
128 				(s64)get_signed_val(type, value));
129 		} else {
130 			scnprintf(str, size, "%llu",
131 				(u64)get_unsigned_val(type, value));
132 		}
133 	}
134 }
135 
136 static void ubsan_prologue(struct source_location *loc, const char *reason)
137 {
138 	current->in_ubsan++;
139 
140 	pr_err("========================================"
141 		"========================================\n");
142 	pr_err("UBSAN: %s in %s:%d:%d\n", reason, loc->file_name,
143 		loc->line & LINE_MASK, loc->column & COLUMN_MASK);
144 }
145 
146 static void ubsan_epilogue(void)
147 {
148 	dump_stack();
149 	pr_err("========================================"
150 		"========================================\n");
151 
152 	current->in_ubsan--;
153 
154 	if (panic_on_warn) {
155 		/*
156 		 * This thread may hit another WARN() in the panic path.
157 		 * Resetting this prevents additional WARN() from panicking the
158 		 * system on this thread.  Other threads are blocked by the
159 		 * panic_mutex in panic().
160 		 */
161 		panic_on_warn = 0;
162 		panic("panic_on_warn set ...\n");
163 	}
164 }
165 
166 static void handle_overflow(struct overflow_data *data, void *lhs,
167 			void *rhs, char op)
168 {
169 
170 	struct type_descriptor *type = data->type;
171 	char lhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
172 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
173 
174 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
175 		return;
176 
177 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, type_is_signed(type) ?
178 			"signed-integer-overflow" :
179 			"unsigned-integer-overflow");
180 
181 	val_to_string(lhs_val_str, sizeof(lhs_val_str), type, lhs);
182 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), type, rhs);
183 	pr_err("%s %c %s cannot be represented in type %s\n",
184 		lhs_val_str,
185 		op,
186 		rhs_val_str,
187 		type->type_name);
188 
189 	ubsan_epilogue();
190 }
191 
192 void __ubsan_handle_add_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
193 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
194 {
195 
196 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '+');
197 }
198 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_add_overflow);
199 
200 void __ubsan_handle_sub_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
201 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
202 {
203 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '-');
204 }
205 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_sub_overflow);
206 
207 void __ubsan_handle_mul_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
208 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
209 {
210 	handle_overflow(data, lhs, rhs, '*');
211 }
212 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_mul_overflow);
213 
214 void __ubsan_handle_negate_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
215 				void *old_val)
216 {
217 	char old_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
218 
219 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
220 		return;
221 
222 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "negation-overflow");
223 
224 	val_to_string(old_val_str, sizeof(old_val_str), data->type, old_val);
225 
226 	pr_err("negation of %s cannot be represented in type %s:\n",
227 		old_val_str, data->type->type_name);
228 
229 	ubsan_epilogue();
230 }
231 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_negate_overflow);
232 
233 
234 void __ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow(struct overflow_data *data,
235 				void *lhs, void *rhs)
236 {
237 	char rhs_val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
238 
239 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
240 		return;
241 
242 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "division-overflow");
243 
244 	val_to_string(rhs_val_str, sizeof(rhs_val_str), data->type, rhs);
245 
246 	if (type_is_signed(data->type) && get_signed_val(data->type, rhs) == -1)
247 		pr_err("division of %s by -1 cannot be represented in type %s\n",
248 			rhs_val_str, data->type->type_name);
249 	else
250 		pr_err("division by zero\n");
251 
252 	ubsan_epilogue();
253 }
254 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_divrem_overflow);
255 
256 static void handle_null_ptr_deref(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data)
257 {
258 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
259 		return;
260 
261 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "null-ptr-deref");
262 
263 	pr_err("%s null pointer of type %s\n",
264 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
265 		data->type->type_name);
266 
267 	ubsan_epilogue();
268 }
269 
270 static void handle_misaligned_access(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
271 				unsigned long ptr)
272 {
273 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
274 		return;
275 
276 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "misaligned-access");
277 
278 	pr_err("%s misaligned address %p for type %s\n",
279 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
280 		(void *)ptr, data->type->type_name);
281 	pr_err("which requires %ld byte alignment\n", data->alignment);
282 
283 	ubsan_epilogue();
284 }
285 
286 static void handle_object_size_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
287 					unsigned long ptr)
288 {
289 	if (suppress_report(data->location))
290 		return;
291 
292 	ubsan_prologue(data->location, "object-size-mismatch");
293 	pr_err("%s address %p with insufficient space\n",
294 		type_check_kinds[data->type_check_kind],
295 		(void *) ptr);
296 	pr_err("for an object of type %s\n", data->type->type_name);
297 	ubsan_epilogue();
298 }
299 
300 static void ubsan_type_mismatch_common(struct type_mismatch_data_common *data,
301 				unsigned long ptr)
302 {
303 	unsigned long flags = user_access_save();
304 
305 	if (!ptr)
306 		handle_null_ptr_deref(data);
307 	else if (data->alignment && !IS_ALIGNED(ptr, data->alignment))
308 		handle_misaligned_access(data, ptr);
309 	else
310 		handle_object_size_mismatch(data, ptr);
311 
312 	user_access_restore(flags);
313 }
314 
315 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch(struct type_mismatch_data *data,
316 				void *ptr)
317 {
318 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
319 		.location = &data->location,
320 		.type = data->type,
321 		.alignment = data->alignment,
322 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
323 	};
324 
325 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
326 }
327 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch);
328 
329 void __ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1(struct type_mismatch_data_v1 *data,
330 				void *ptr)
331 {
332 
333 	struct type_mismatch_data_common common_data = {
334 		.location = &data->location,
335 		.type = data->type,
336 		.alignment = 1UL << data->log_alignment,
337 		.type_check_kind = data->type_check_kind
338 	};
339 
340 	ubsan_type_mismatch_common(&common_data, (unsigned long)ptr);
341 }
342 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_type_mismatch_v1);
343 
344 void __ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds(struct out_of_bounds_data *data, void *index)
345 {
346 	char index_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
347 
348 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
349 		return;
350 
351 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "array-index-out-of-bounds");
352 
353 	val_to_string(index_str, sizeof(index_str), data->index_type, index);
354 	pr_err("index %s is out of range for type %s\n", index_str,
355 		data->array_type->type_name);
356 	ubsan_epilogue();
357 }
358 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_out_of_bounds);
359 
360 void __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds(struct shift_out_of_bounds_data *data,
361 					void *lhs, void *rhs)
362 {
363 	struct type_descriptor *rhs_type = data->rhs_type;
364 	struct type_descriptor *lhs_type = data->lhs_type;
365 	char rhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
366 	char lhs_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
367 	unsigned long ua_flags = user_access_save();
368 
369 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
370 		goto out;
371 
372 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "shift-out-of-bounds");
373 
374 	val_to_string(rhs_str, sizeof(rhs_str), rhs_type, rhs);
375 	val_to_string(lhs_str, sizeof(lhs_str), lhs_type, lhs);
376 
377 	if (val_is_negative(rhs_type, rhs))
378 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is negative\n", rhs_str);
379 
380 	else if (get_unsigned_val(rhs_type, rhs) >=
381 		type_bit_width(lhs_type))
382 		pr_err("shift exponent %s is too large for %u-bit type %s\n",
383 			rhs_str,
384 			type_bit_width(lhs_type),
385 			lhs_type->type_name);
386 	else if (val_is_negative(lhs_type, lhs))
387 		pr_err("left shift of negative value %s\n",
388 			lhs_str);
389 	else
390 		pr_err("left shift of %s by %s places cannot be"
391 			" represented in type %s\n",
392 			lhs_str, rhs_str,
393 			lhs_type->type_name);
394 
395 	ubsan_epilogue();
396 out:
397 	user_access_restore(ua_flags);
398 }
399 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds);
400 
401 
402 void __ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable(struct unreachable_data *data)
403 {
404 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "unreachable");
405 	pr_err("calling __builtin_unreachable()\n");
406 	ubsan_epilogue();
407 	panic("can't return from __builtin_unreachable()");
408 }
409 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable);
410 
411 void __ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value(struct invalid_value_data *data,
412 				void *val)
413 {
414 	char val_str[VALUE_LENGTH];
415 
416 	if (suppress_report(&data->location))
417 		return;
418 
419 	ubsan_prologue(&data->location, "invalid-load");
420 
421 	val_to_string(val_str, sizeof(val_str), data->type, val);
422 
423 	pr_err("load of value %s is not a valid value for type %s\n",
424 		val_str, data->type->type_name);
425 
426 	ubsan_epilogue();
427 }
428 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__ubsan_handle_load_invalid_value);
429