xref: /linux/lib/test_hmm.c (revision 7db28abbea0f7dc1ec4fdfdc149db5fbd9e4c994)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * This is a module to test the HMM (Heterogeneous Memory Management)
4  * mirror and zone device private memory migration APIs of the kernel.
5  * Userspace programs can register with the driver to mirror their own address
6  * space and can use the device to read/write any valid virtual address.
7  */
8 #include <linux/init.h>
9 #include <linux/fs.h>
10 #include <linux/mm.h>
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/kernel.h>
13 #include <linux/cdev.h>
14 #include <linux/device.h>
15 #include <linux/memremap.h>
16 #include <linux/mutex.h>
17 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
18 #include <linux/sched.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 #include <linux/highmem.h>
21 #include <linux/delay.h>
22 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
23 #include <linux/hmm.h>
24 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
25 #include <linux/swap.h>
26 #include <linux/swapops.h>
27 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
28 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
29 #include <linux/rmap.h>
30 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
31 #include <linux/migrate.h>
32 
33 #include "test_hmm_uapi.h"
34 
35 #define DMIRROR_NDEVICES		4
36 #define DMIRROR_RANGE_FAULT_TIMEOUT	1000
37 #define DEVMEM_CHUNK_SIZE		(256 * 1024 * 1024U)
38 #define DEVMEM_CHUNKS_RESERVE		16
39 
40 /*
41  * For device_private pages, dpage is just a dummy struct page
42  * representing a piece of device memory. dmirror_devmem_alloc_page
43  * allocates a real system memory page as backing storage to fake a
44  * real device. zone_device_data points to that backing page. But
45  * for device_coherent memory, the struct page represents real
46  * physical CPU-accessible memory that we can use directly.
47  */
48 #define BACKING_PAGE(page) (is_device_private_page((page)) ? \
49 			   (page)->zone_device_data : (page))
50 
51 static unsigned long spm_addr_dev0;
52 module_param(spm_addr_dev0, long, 0644);
53 MODULE_PARM_DESC(spm_addr_dev0,
54 		"Specify start address for SPM (special purpose memory) used for device 0. By setting this Coherent device type will be used. Make sure spm_addr_dev1 is set too. Minimum SPM size should be DEVMEM_CHUNK_SIZE.");
55 
56 static unsigned long spm_addr_dev1;
57 module_param(spm_addr_dev1, long, 0644);
58 MODULE_PARM_DESC(spm_addr_dev1,
59 		"Specify start address for SPM (special purpose memory) used for device 1. By setting this Coherent device type will be used. Make sure spm_addr_dev0 is set too. Minimum SPM size should be DEVMEM_CHUNK_SIZE.");
60 
61 static const struct dev_pagemap_ops dmirror_devmem_ops;
62 static const struct mmu_interval_notifier_ops dmirror_min_ops;
63 static dev_t dmirror_dev;
64 
65 struct dmirror_device;
66 
67 struct dmirror_bounce {
68 	void			*ptr;
69 	unsigned long		size;
70 	unsigned long		addr;
71 	unsigned long		cpages;
72 };
73 
74 #define DPT_XA_TAG_ATOMIC 1UL
75 #define DPT_XA_TAG_WRITE 3UL
76 
77 /*
78  * Data structure to track address ranges and register for mmu interval
79  * notifier updates.
80  */
81 struct dmirror_interval {
82 	struct mmu_interval_notifier	notifier;
83 	struct dmirror			*dmirror;
84 };
85 
86 /*
87  * Data attached to the open device file.
88  * Note that it might be shared after a fork().
89  */
90 struct dmirror {
91 	struct dmirror_device		*mdevice;
92 	struct xarray			pt;
93 	struct mmu_interval_notifier	notifier;
94 	struct mutex			mutex;
95 	__u64			flags;
96 };
97 
98 /*
99  * ZONE_DEVICE pages for migration and simulating device memory.
100  */
101 struct dmirror_chunk {
102 	struct dev_pagemap	pagemap;
103 	struct dmirror_device	*mdevice;
104 	bool remove;
105 };
106 
107 /*
108  * Per device data.
109  */
110 struct dmirror_device {
111 	struct cdev		cdevice;
112 	unsigned int            zone_device_type;
113 	struct device		device;
114 
115 	unsigned int		devmem_capacity;
116 	unsigned int		devmem_count;
117 	struct dmirror_chunk	**devmem_chunks;
118 	struct mutex		devmem_lock;	/* protects the above */
119 
120 	unsigned long		calloc;
121 	unsigned long		cfree;
122 	struct page		*free_pages;
123 	struct folio		*free_folios;
124 	spinlock_t		lock;		/* protects the above */
125 };
126 
127 static struct dmirror_device dmirror_devices[DMIRROR_NDEVICES];
128 
129 static int dmirror_bounce_init(struct dmirror_bounce *bounce,
130 			       unsigned long addr,
131 			       unsigned long size)
132 {
133 	bounce->addr = addr;
134 	bounce->size = size;
135 	bounce->cpages = 0;
136 	bounce->ptr = vmalloc(size);
137 	if (!bounce->ptr)
138 		return -ENOMEM;
139 	return 0;
140 }
141 
142 static bool dmirror_is_private_zone(struct dmirror_device *mdevice)
143 {
144 	return (mdevice->zone_device_type ==
145 		HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE);
146 }
147 
148 static enum migrate_vma_direction
149 dmirror_select_device(struct dmirror *dmirror)
150 {
151 	return (dmirror->mdevice->zone_device_type ==
152 		HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE) ?
153 		MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_DEVICE_PRIVATE :
154 		MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_DEVICE_COHERENT;
155 }
156 
157 static void dmirror_bounce_fini(struct dmirror_bounce *bounce)
158 {
159 	vfree(bounce->ptr);
160 }
161 
162 static int dmirror_fops_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
163 {
164 	struct cdev *cdev = inode->i_cdev;
165 	struct dmirror *dmirror;
166 	int ret;
167 
168 	/* Mirror this process address space */
169 	dmirror = kzalloc_obj(*dmirror);
170 	if (dmirror == NULL)
171 		return -ENOMEM;
172 
173 	dmirror->mdevice = container_of(cdev, struct dmirror_device, cdevice);
174 	mutex_init(&dmirror->mutex);
175 	xa_init(&dmirror->pt);
176 
177 	ret = mmu_interval_notifier_insert(&dmirror->notifier, current->mm,
178 				0, ULONG_MAX & PAGE_MASK, &dmirror_min_ops);
179 	if (ret) {
180 		kfree(dmirror);
181 		return ret;
182 	}
183 
184 	filp->private_data = dmirror;
185 	return 0;
186 }
187 
188 static void dmirror_device_evict_chunk(struct dmirror_chunk *chunk)
189 {
190 	unsigned long start_pfn = chunk->pagemap.range.start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
191 	unsigned long end_pfn = chunk->pagemap.range.end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
192 	unsigned long npages = end_pfn - start_pfn + 1;
193 	unsigned long i;
194 	unsigned long *src_pfns;
195 	unsigned long *dst_pfns;
196 	unsigned int order = 0;
197 
198 	src_pfns = kvcalloc(npages, sizeof(*src_pfns), GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOFAIL);
199 	dst_pfns = kvcalloc(npages, sizeof(*dst_pfns), GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOFAIL);
200 
201 	migrate_device_range(src_pfns, start_pfn, npages);
202 	for (i = 0; i < npages; i++) {
203 		struct page *dpage, *spage;
204 
205 		spage = migrate_pfn_to_page(src_pfns[i]);
206 		if (!spage || !(src_pfns[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE))
207 			continue;
208 
209 		if (WARN_ON(!is_device_private_page(spage) &&
210 			    !is_device_coherent_page(spage)))
211 			continue;
212 
213 		order = folio_order(page_folio(spage));
214 		spage = BACKING_PAGE(spage);
215 		if (src_pfns[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND) {
216 			dpage = folio_page(folio_alloc(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
217 					      order), 0);
218 		} else {
219 			dpage = alloc_page(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE | __GFP_NOFAIL);
220 			order = 0;
221 		}
222 
223 		/* TODO Support splitting here */
224 		lock_page(dpage);
225 		dst_pfns[i] = migrate_pfn(page_to_pfn(dpage));
226 		if (src_pfns[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE)
227 			dst_pfns[i] |= MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE;
228 		if (order)
229 			dst_pfns[i] |= MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND;
230 		folio_copy(page_folio(dpage), page_folio(spage));
231 	}
232 	migrate_device_pages(src_pfns, dst_pfns, npages);
233 	migrate_device_finalize(src_pfns, dst_pfns, npages);
234 	kvfree(src_pfns);
235 	kvfree(dst_pfns);
236 }
237 
238 static int dmirror_fops_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
239 {
240 	struct dmirror *dmirror = filp->private_data;
241 	struct dmirror_device *mdevice = dmirror->mdevice;
242 	int i;
243 
244 	mmu_interval_notifier_remove(&dmirror->notifier);
245 
246 	if (mdevice->devmem_chunks) {
247 		for (i = 0; i < mdevice->devmem_count; i++) {
248 			struct dmirror_chunk *devmem =
249 				mdevice->devmem_chunks[i];
250 
251 			dmirror_device_evict_chunk(devmem);
252 		}
253 	}
254 
255 	xa_destroy(&dmirror->pt);
256 	kfree(dmirror);
257 	return 0;
258 }
259 
260 static struct dmirror_chunk *dmirror_page_to_chunk(struct page *page)
261 {
262 	return container_of(page_pgmap(page), struct dmirror_chunk,
263 			    pagemap);
264 }
265 
266 static struct dmirror_device *dmirror_page_to_device(struct page *page)
267 
268 {
269 	return dmirror_page_to_chunk(page)->mdevice;
270 }
271 
272 static int dmirror_do_fault(struct dmirror *dmirror, struct hmm_range *range)
273 {
274 	unsigned long *pfns = range->hmm_pfns;
275 	unsigned long pfn;
276 
277 	for (pfn = (range->start >> PAGE_SHIFT);
278 	     pfn < (range->end >> PAGE_SHIFT);
279 	     pfn++, pfns++) {
280 		struct page *page;
281 		void *entry;
282 
283 		/*
284 		 * Since we asked for hmm_range_fault() to populate pages,
285 		 * it shouldn't return an error entry on success.
286 		 */
287 		WARN_ON(*pfns & HMM_PFN_ERROR);
288 		WARN_ON(!(*pfns & HMM_PFN_VALID));
289 
290 		page = hmm_pfn_to_page(*pfns);
291 		WARN_ON(!page);
292 
293 		entry = page;
294 		if (*pfns & HMM_PFN_WRITE)
295 			entry = xa_tag_pointer(entry, DPT_XA_TAG_WRITE);
296 		else if (WARN_ON(range->default_flags & HMM_PFN_WRITE))
297 			return -EFAULT;
298 		entry = xa_store(&dmirror->pt, pfn, entry, GFP_ATOMIC);
299 		if (xa_is_err(entry))
300 			return xa_err(entry);
301 	}
302 
303 	return 0;
304 }
305 
306 static void dmirror_do_update(struct dmirror *dmirror, unsigned long start,
307 			      unsigned long end)
308 {
309 	unsigned long pfn;
310 	void *entry;
311 
312 	/*
313 	 * The XArray doesn't hold references to pages since it relies on
314 	 * the mmu notifier to clear page pointers when they become stale.
315 	 * Therefore, it is OK to just clear the entry.
316 	 */
317 	xa_for_each_range(&dmirror->pt, pfn, entry, start >> PAGE_SHIFT,
318 			  end >> PAGE_SHIFT)
319 		xa_erase(&dmirror->pt, pfn);
320 }
321 
322 static bool dmirror_interval_invalidate(struct mmu_interval_notifier *mni,
323 				const struct mmu_notifier_range *range,
324 				unsigned long cur_seq)
325 {
326 	struct dmirror *dmirror = container_of(mni, struct dmirror, notifier);
327 
328 	/*
329 	 * Ignore invalidation callbacks for device private pages since
330 	 * the invalidation is handled as part of the migration process.
331 	 */
332 	if (range->event == MMU_NOTIFY_MIGRATE &&
333 	    range->owner == dmirror->mdevice)
334 		return true;
335 
336 	if (mmu_notifier_range_blockable(range))
337 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
338 	else if (!mutex_trylock(&dmirror->mutex))
339 		return false;
340 
341 	mmu_interval_set_seq(mni, cur_seq);
342 	dmirror_do_update(dmirror, range->start, range->end);
343 
344 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
345 	return true;
346 }
347 
348 static const struct mmu_interval_notifier_ops dmirror_min_ops = {
349 	.invalidate = dmirror_interval_invalidate,
350 };
351 
352 static int dmirror_range_fault(struct dmirror *dmirror,
353 				struct hmm_range *range)
354 {
355 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
356 	unsigned long timeout =
357 		jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(HMM_RANGE_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
358 	int ret;
359 
360 	while (true) {
361 		if (time_after(jiffies, timeout)) {
362 			ret = -EBUSY;
363 			goto out;
364 		}
365 
366 		range->notifier_seq = mmu_interval_read_begin(range->notifier);
367 		mmap_read_lock(mm);
368 		ret = hmm_range_fault(range);
369 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
370 		if (ret) {
371 			if (ret == -EBUSY)
372 				continue;
373 			goto out;
374 		}
375 
376 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
377 		if (mmu_interval_read_retry(range->notifier,
378 					    range->notifier_seq)) {
379 			mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
380 			continue;
381 		}
382 		break;
383 	}
384 
385 	ret = dmirror_do_fault(dmirror, range);
386 
387 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
388 out:
389 	return ret;
390 }
391 
392 static int dmirror_range_fault_unlocked(struct dmirror *dmirror,
393 					struct hmm_range *range,
394 					unsigned long timeout)
395 {
396 	int ret;
397 
398 	while (true) {
399 		ret = hmm_range_fault_unlocked_timeout(range, timeout);
400 		if (ret)
401 			goto out;
402 
403 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
404 		if (mmu_interval_read_retry(range->notifier,
405 					    range->notifier_seq)) {
406 			mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
407 			continue;
408 		}
409 		break;
410 	}
411 
412 	ret = dmirror_do_fault(dmirror, range);
413 
414 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
415 out:
416 	return ret;
417 }
418 
419 static int dmirror_fault_unlocked(struct dmirror *dmirror,
420 				  unsigned long start,
421 				  unsigned long end, bool write,
422 				  unsigned long timeout)
423 {
424 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
425 	unsigned long addr;
426 	unsigned long pfns[32];
427 	struct hmm_range range = {
428 		.notifier = &dmirror->notifier,
429 		.hmm_pfns = pfns,
430 		.pfn_flags_mask = 0,
431 		.default_flags =
432 			HMM_PFN_REQ_FAULT | (write ? HMM_PFN_REQ_WRITE : 0),
433 		.dev_private_owner = dmirror->mdevice,
434 	};
435 	int ret = 0;
436 
437 	if (!mmget_not_zero(mm))
438 		return -EFAULT;
439 
440 	for (addr = start; addr < end; addr = range.end) {
441 		range.start = addr;
442 		range.end = min(addr + (ARRAY_SIZE(pfns) << PAGE_SHIFT), end);
443 
444 		ret = dmirror_range_fault_unlocked(dmirror, &range, timeout);
445 		if (ret)
446 			break;
447 	}
448 
449 	mmput(mm);
450 	return ret;
451 }
452 
453 static int dmirror_fault(struct dmirror *dmirror, unsigned long start,
454 			 unsigned long end, bool write)
455 {
456 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
457 	unsigned long addr;
458 	unsigned long pfns[32];
459 	struct hmm_range range = {
460 		.notifier = &dmirror->notifier,
461 		.hmm_pfns = pfns,
462 		.pfn_flags_mask = 0,
463 		.default_flags =
464 			HMM_PFN_REQ_FAULT | (write ? HMM_PFN_REQ_WRITE : 0),
465 		.dev_private_owner = dmirror->mdevice,
466 	};
467 	int ret = 0;
468 
469 	/* Since the mm is for the mirrored process, get a reference first. */
470 	if (!mmget_not_zero(mm))
471 		return -EFAULT;
472 
473 	for (addr = start; addr < end; addr = range.end) {
474 		range.start = addr;
475 		range.end = min(addr + (ARRAY_SIZE(pfns) << PAGE_SHIFT), end);
476 
477 		ret = dmirror_range_fault(dmirror, &range);
478 		if (ret)
479 			break;
480 	}
481 
482 	mmput(mm);
483 	return ret;
484 }
485 
486 static int dmirror_do_read(struct dmirror *dmirror, unsigned long start,
487 			   unsigned long end, struct dmirror_bounce *bounce)
488 {
489 	unsigned long pfn;
490 	void *ptr;
491 
492 	ptr = bounce->ptr + ((start - bounce->addr) & PAGE_MASK);
493 
494 	for (pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT; pfn < (end >> PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
495 		void *entry;
496 		struct page *page;
497 
498 		entry = xa_load(&dmirror->pt, pfn);
499 		page = xa_untag_pointer(entry);
500 		if (!page)
501 			return -ENOENT;
502 
503 		memcpy_from_page(ptr, page, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
504 
505 		ptr += PAGE_SIZE;
506 		bounce->cpages++;
507 	}
508 
509 	return 0;
510 }
511 
512 static int dmirror_read(struct dmirror *dmirror, struct hmm_dmirror_cmd *cmd)
513 {
514 	struct dmirror_bounce bounce;
515 	unsigned long start, end;
516 	unsigned long size = cmd->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
517 	int ret;
518 
519 	start = cmd->addr;
520 	end = start + size;
521 	if (end < start)
522 		return -EINVAL;
523 
524 	ret = dmirror_bounce_init(&bounce, start, size);
525 	if (ret)
526 		return ret;
527 
528 	while (1) {
529 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
530 		ret = dmirror_do_read(dmirror, start, end, &bounce);
531 		mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
532 		if (ret != -ENOENT)
533 			break;
534 
535 		start = cmd->addr + (bounce.cpages << PAGE_SHIFT);
536 		ret = dmirror_fault(dmirror, start, end, false);
537 		if (ret)
538 			break;
539 		cmd->faults++;
540 	}
541 
542 	if (ret == 0) {
543 		if (copy_to_user(u64_to_user_ptr(cmd->ptr), bounce.ptr,
544 				 bounce.size))
545 			ret = -EFAULT;
546 	}
547 	cmd->cpages = bounce.cpages;
548 	dmirror_bounce_fini(&bounce);
549 	return ret;
550 }
551 
552 static int dmirror_read_unlocked(struct dmirror *dmirror,
553 				 struct hmm_dmirror_cmd *cmd,
554 				 unsigned long timeout)
555 {
556 	struct dmirror_bounce bounce;
557 	unsigned long start, end;
558 	unsigned long size = cmd->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
559 	int ret;
560 
561 	start = cmd->addr;
562 	end = start + size;
563 	if (end < start)
564 		return -EINVAL;
565 
566 	ret = dmirror_bounce_init(&bounce, start, size);
567 	if (ret)
568 		return ret;
569 
570 	while (1) {
571 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
572 		ret = dmirror_do_read(dmirror, start, end, &bounce);
573 		mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
574 		if (ret != -ENOENT)
575 			break;
576 
577 		start = cmd->addr + (bounce.cpages << PAGE_SHIFT);
578 		ret = dmirror_fault_unlocked(dmirror, start, end, false, timeout);
579 		if (ret)
580 			break;
581 		cmd->faults++;
582 	}
583 
584 	if (ret == 0) {
585 		if (copy_to_user(u64_to_user_ptr(cmd->ptr), bounce.ptr,
586 				 bounce.size))
587 			ret = -EFAULT;
588 	}
589 	cmd->cpages = bounce.cpages;
590 	dmirror_bounce_fini(&bounce);
591 	return ret;
592 }
593 
594 static int dmirror_do_write(struct dmirror *dmirror, unsigned long start,
595 			    unsigned long end, struct dmirror_bounce *bounce)
596 {
597 	unsigned long pfn;
598 	void *ptr;
599 
600 	ptr = bounce->ptr + ((start - bounce->addr) & PAGE_MASK);
601 
602 	for (pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT; pfn < (end >> PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
603 		void *entry;
604 		struct page *page;
605 
606 		entry = xa_load(&dmirror->pt, pfn);
607 		page = xa_untag_pointer(entry);
608 		if (!page || xa_pointer_tag(entry) != DPT_XA_TAG_WRITE)
609 			return -ENOENT;
610 
611 		memcpy_to_page(page, 0, ptr, PAGE_SIZE);
612 
613 		ptr += PAGE_SIZE;
614 		bounce->cpages++;
615 	}
616 
617 	return 0;
618 }
619 
620 static int dmirror_write(struct dmirror *dmirror, struct hmm_dmirror_cmd *cmd)
621 {
622 	struct dmirror_bounce bounce;
623 	unsigned long start, end;
624 	unsigned long size = cmd->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
625 	int ret;
626 
627 	start = cmd->addr;
628 	end = start + size;
629 	if (end < start)
630 		return -EINVAL;
631 
632 	ret = dmirror_bounce_init(&bounce, start, size);
633 	if (ret)
634 		return ret;
635 	if (copy_from_user(bounce.ptr, u64_to_user_ptr(cmd->ptr),
636 			   bounce.size)) {
637 		ret = -EFAULT;
638 		goto fini;
639 	}
640 
641 	while (1) {
642 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
643 		ret = dmirror_do_write(dmirror, start, end, &bounce);
644 		mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
645 		if (ret != -ENOENT)
646 			break;
647 
648 		start = cmd->addr + (bounce.cpages << PAGE_SHIFT);
649 		ret = dmirror_fault(dmirror, start, end, true);
650 		if (ret)
651 			break;
652 		cmd->faults++;
653 	}
654 
655 fini:
656 	cmd->cpages = bounce.cpages;
657 	dmirror_bounce_fini(&bounce);
658 	return ret;
659 }
660 
661 static int dmirror_allocate_chunk(struct dmirror_device *mdevice,
662 				  struct page **ppage, bool is_large)
663 {
664 	struct dmirror_chunk *devmem;
665 	struct resource *res = NULL;
666 	unsigned long pfn;
667 	unsigned long pfn_first;
668 	unsigned long pfn_last;
669 	void *ptr;
670 	int ret = -ENOMEM;
671 
672 	devmem = kzalloc_obj(*devmem);
673 	if (!devmem)
674 		return ret;
675 
676 	switch (mdevice->zone_device_type) {
677 	case HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE:
678 		res = request_free_mem_region(&iomem_resource, DEVMEM_CHUNK_SIZE,
679 					      "hmm_dmirror");
680 		if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(res))
681 			goto err_devmem;
682 		devmem->pagemap.range.start = res->start;
683 		devmem->pagemap.range.end = res->end;
684 		devmem->pagemap.type = MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE;
685 		break;
686 	case HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_COHERENT:
687 		devmem->pagemap.range.start = (MINOR(mdevice->device.devt) - 2) ?
688 							spm_addr_dev0 :
689 							spm_addr_dev1;
690 		devmem->pagemap.range.end = devmem->pagemap.range.start +
691 					    DEVMEM_CHUNK_SIZE - 1;
692 		devmem->pagemap.type = MEMORY_DEVICE_COHERENT;
693 		break;
694 	default:
695 		ret = -EINVAL;
696 		goto err_devmem;
697 	}
698 
699 	devmem->pagemap.nr_range = 1;
700 	devmem->pagemap.ops = &dmirror_devmem_ops;
701 	devmem->pagemap.owner = mdevice;
702 
703 	mutex_lock(&mdevice->devmem_lock);
704 
705 	if (mdevice->devmem_count == mdevice->devmem_capacity) {
706 		struct dmirror_chunk **new_chunks;
707 		unsigned int new_capacity;
708 
709 		new_capacity = mdevice->devmem_capacity +
710 				DEVMEM_CHUNKS_RESERVE;
711 		new_chunks = krealloc(mdevice->devmem_chunks,
712 				sizeof(new_chunks[0]) * new_capacity,
713 				GFP_KERNEL);
714 		if (!new_chunks)
715 			goto err_release;
716 		mdevice->devmem_capacity = new_capacity;
717 		mdevice->devmem_chunks = new_chunks;
718 	}
719 	ptr = memremap_pages(&devmem->pagemap, numa_node_id());
720 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(ptr)) {
721 		if (ptr)
722 			ret = PTR_ERR(ptr);
723 		else
724 			ret = -EFAULT;
725 		goto err_release;
726 	}
727 
728 	devmem->mdevice = mdevice;
729 	pfn_first = devmem->pagemap.range.start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
730 	pfn_last = pfn_first + (range_len(&devmem->pagemap.range) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
731 	mdevice->devmem_chunks[mdevice->devmem_count++] = devmem;
732 
733 	mutex_unlock(&mdevice->devmem_lock);
734 
735 	pr_info("added new %u MB chunk (total %u chunks, %u MB) PFNs [0x%lx 0x%lx)\n",
736 		DEVMEM_CHUNK_SIZE / (1024 * 1024),
737 		mdevice->devmem_count,
738 		mdevice->devmem_count * (DEVMEM_CHUNK_SIZE / (1024 * 1024)),
739 		pfn_first, pfn_last);
740 
741 	spin_lock(&mdevice->lock);
742 	for (pfn = pfn_first; pfn < pfn_last; ) {
743 		struct page *page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
744 
745 		if (is_large && IS_ALIGNED(pfn, HPAGE_PMD_NR)
746 			&& (pfn + HPAGE_PMD_NR <= pfn_last)) {
747 			page->zone_device_data = mdevice->free_folios;
748 			mdevice->free_folios = page_folio(page);
749 			pfn += HPAGE_PMD_NR;
750 			continue;
751 		}
752 
753 		page->zone_device_data = mdevice->free_pages;
754 		mdevice->free_pages = page;
755 		pfn++;
756 	}
757 
758 	ret = 0;
759 	if (ppage) {
760 		if (is_large) {
761 			if (!mdevice->free_folios) {
762 				ret = -ENOMEM;
763 				goto err_unlock;
764 			}
765 			*ppage = folio_page(mdevice->free_folios, 0);
766 			mdevice->free_folios = (*ppage)->zone_device_data;
767 			mdevice->calloc += HPAGE_PMD_NR;
768 		} else if (mdevice->free_pages) {
769 			*ppage = mdevice->free_pages;
770 			mdevice->free_pages = (*ppage)->zone_device_data;
771 			mdevice->calloc++;
772 		} else {
773 			ret = -ENOMEM;
774 			goto err_unlock;
775 		}
776 	}
777 err_unlock:
778 	spin_unlock(&mdevice->lock);
779 
780 	return ret;
781 
782 err_release:
783 	mutex_unlock(&mdevice->devmem_lock);
784 	if (res && devmem->pagemap.type == MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE)
785 		release_mem_region(devmem->pagemap.range.start,
786 				   range_len(&devmem->pagemap.range));
787 err_devmem:
788 	kfree(devmem);
789 
790 	return ret;
791 }
792 
793 static struct page *dmirror_devmem_alloc_page(struct dmirror *dmirror,
794 					      bool is_large)
795 {
796 	struct page *dpage = NULL;
797 	struct page *rpage = NULL;
798 	unsigned int order = is_large ? HPAGE_PMD_ORDER : 0;
799 	struct dmirror_device *mdevice = dmirror->mdevice;
800 
801 	/*
802 	 * For ZONE_DEVICE private type, this is a fake device so we allocate
803 	 * real system memory to store our device memory.
804 	 * For ZONE_DEVICE coherent type we use the actual dpage to store the
805 	 * data and ignore rpage.
806 	 */
807 	if (dmirror_is_private_zone(mdevice)) {
808 		rpage = folio_page(folio_alloc(GFP_HIGHUSER, order), 0);
809 		if (!rpage)
810 			return NULL;
811 	}
812 	spin_lock(&mdevice->lock);
813 
814 	if (is_large && mdevice->free_folios) {
815 		dpage = folio_page(mdevice->free_folios, 0);
816 		mdevice->free_folios = dpage->zone_device_data;
817 		mdevice->calloc += 1 << order;
818 		spin_unlock(&mdevice->lock);
819 	} else if (!is_large && mdevice->free_pages) {
820 		dpage = mdevice->free_pages;
821 		mdevice->free_pages = dpage->zone_device_data;
822 		mdevice->calloc++;
823 		spin_unlock(&mdevice->lock);
824 	} else {
825 		spin_unlock(&mdevice->lock);
826 		if (dmirror_allocate_chunk(mdevice, &dpage, is_large))
827 			goto error;
828 	}
829 
830 	zone_device_folio_init(page_folio(dpage),
831 			       page_pgmap(folio_page(page_folio(dpage), 0)),
832 			       order);
833 	dpage->zone_device_data = rpage;
834 	return dpage;
835 
836 error:
837 	if (rpage)
838 		__free_pages(rpage, order);
839 	return NULL;
840 }
841 
842 static void dmirror_migrate_alloc_and_copy(struct migrate_vma *args,
843 					   struct dmirror *dmirror)
844 {
845 	const unsigned long *src = args->src;
846 	unsigned long *dst = args->dst;
847 	unsigned long addr;
848 
849 	for (addr = args->start; addr < args->end; ) {
850 		struct page *spage;
851 		struct page *dpage;
852 		struct page *rpage;
853 		bool is_large = *src & MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND;
854 		int write = (*src & MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE) ? MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE : 0;
855 		unsigned long nr = 1;
856 
857 		if (!(*src & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE))
858 			goto next;
859 
860 		/*
861 		 * Note that spage might be NULL which is OK since it is an
862 		 * unallocated pte_none() or read-only zero page.
863 		 */
864 		spage = migrate_pfn_to_page(*src);
865 		if (WARN(spage && is_zone_device_page(spage),
866 		     "page already in device spage pfn: 0x%lx\n",
867 		     page_to_pfn(spage)))
868 			goto next;
869 
870 		if (dmirror->flags & HMM_DMIRROR_FLAG_FAIL_ALLOC) {
871 			dmirror->flags &= ~HMM_DMIRROR_FLAG_FAIL_ALLOC;
872 			dpage = NULL;
873 		} else
874 			dpage = dmirror_devmem_alloc_page(dmirror, is_large);
875 
876 		if (!dpage) {
877 			struct folio *folio;
878 			unsigned long i;
879 			unsigned long spfn = *src >> MIGRATE_PFN_SHIFT;
880 			struct page *src_page;
881 
882 			if (!is_large)
883 				goto next;
884 
885 			if (!spage && is_large) {
886 				nr = HPAGE_PMD_NR;
887 			} else {
888 				folio = page_folio(spage);
889 				nr = folio_nr_pages(folio);
890 			}
891 
892 			for (i = 0; i < nr && addr < args->end; i++) {
893 				dpage = dmirror_devmem_alloc_page(dmirror, false);
894 				rpage = BACKING_PAGE(dpage);
895 				rpage->zone_device_data = dmirror;
896 
897 				*dst = migrate_pfn(page_to_pfn(dpage)) | write;
898 				src_page = pfn_to_page(spfn + i);
899 
900 				if (spage)
901 					copy_highpage(rpage, src_page);
902 				else
903 					clear_highpage(rpage);
904 				src++;
905 				dst++;
906 				addr += PAGE_SIZE;
907 			}
908 			continue;
909 		}
910 
911 		rpage = BACKING_PAGE(dpage);
912 
913 		/*
914 		 * Normally, a device would use the page->zone_device_data to
915 		 * point to the mirror but here we use it to hold the page for
916 		 * the simulated device memory and that page holds the pointer
917 		 * to the mirror.
918 		 */
919 		rpage->zone_device_data = dmirror;
920 
921 		pr_debug("migrating from sys to dev pfn src: 0x%lx pfn dst: 0x%lx\n",
922 			 page_to_pfn(spage), page_to_pfn(dpage));
923 
924 		*dst = migrate_pfn(page_to_pfn(dpage)) | write;
925 
926 		if (is_large) {
927 			int i;
928 			struct folio *folio = page_folio(dpage);
929 			*dst |= MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND;
930 
931 			if (folio_test_large(folio)) {
932 				for (i = 0; i < folio_nr_pages(folio); i++) {
933 					struct page *dst_page =
934 						pfn_to_page(page_to_pfn(rpage) + i);
935 					struct page *src_page =
936 						pfn_to_page(page_to_pfn(spage) + i);
937 
938 					if (spage)
939 						copy_highpage(dst_page, src_page);
940 					else
941 						clear_highpage(dst_page);
942 					src++;
943 					dst++;
944 					addr += PAGE_SIZE;
945 				}
946 				continue;
947 			}
948 		}
949 
950 		if (spage)
951 			copy_highpage(rpage, spage);
952 		else
953 			clear_highpage(rpage);
954 
955 next:
956 		src++;
957 		dst++;
958 		addr += PAGE_SIZE;
959 	}
960 }
961 
962 static int dmirror_check_atomic(struct dmirror *dmirror, unsigned long start,
963 			     unsigned long end)
964 {
965 	unsigned long pfn;
966 
967 	for (pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT; pfn < (end >> PAGE_SHIFT); pfn++) {
968 		void *entry;
969 
970 		entry = xa_load(&dmirror->pt, pfn);
971 		if (xa_pointer_tag(entry) == DPT_XA_TAG_ATOMIC)
972 			return -EPERM;
973 	}
974 
975 	return 0;
976 }
977 
978 static int dmirror_atomic_map(unsigned long addr, struct page *page,
979 		struct dmirror *dmirror)
980 {
981 	void *entry;
982 
983 	/* Map the migrated pages into the device's page tables. */
984 	mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
985 
986 	entry = xa_tag_pointer(page, DPT_XA_TAG_ATOMIC);
987 	entry = xa_store(&dmirror->pt, addr >> PAGE_SHIFT, entry, GFP_ATOMIC);
988 	if (xa_is_err(entry)) {
989 		mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
990 		return xa_err(entry);
991 	}
992 
993 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
994 	return 0;
995 }
996 
997 static int dmirror_migrate_finalize_and_map(struct migrate_vma *args,
998 					    struct dmirror *dmirror)
999 {
1000 	unsigned long start = args->start;
1001 	unsigned long end = args->end;
1002 	const unsigned long *src = args->src;
1003 	const unsigned long *dst = args->dst;
1004 	unsigned long pfn;
1005 	const unsigned long start_pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1006 	const unsigned long end_pfn = end >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1007 
1008 	/* Map the migrated pages into the device's page tables. */
1009 	mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
1010 
1011 	for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn; pfn++, src++, dst++) {
1012 		struct page *dpage;
1013 		void *entry;
1014 		int nr, i;
1015 		struct page *rpage;
1016 
1017 		if (!(*src & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE))
1018 			continue;
1019 
1020 		dpage = migrate_pfn_to_page(*dst);
1021 		if (!dpage)
1022 			continue;
1023 
1024 		if (*dst & MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND)
1025 			nr = folio_nr_pages(page_folio(dpage));
1026 		else
1027 			nr = 1;
1028 
1029 		WARN_ON_ONCE(end_pfn < start_pfn + nr);
1030 
1031 		rpage = BACKING_PAGE(dpage);
1032 		VM_WARN_ON(folio_nr_pages(page_folio(rpage)) != nr);
1033 
1034 		for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
1035 			entry = folio_page(page_folio(rpage), i);
1036 			if (*dst & MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE)
1037 				entry = xa_tag_pointer(entry, DPT_XA_TAG_WRITE);
1038 			entry = xa_store(&dmirror->pt, pfn + i, entry, GFP_ATOMIC);
1039 			if (xa_is_err(entry)) {
1040 				mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
1041 				return xa_err(entry);
1042 			}
1043 		}
1044 	}
1045 
1046 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
1047 	return 0;
1048 }
1049 
1050 static int dmirror_exclusive(struct dmirror *dmirror,
1051 			     struct hmm_dmirror_cmd *cmd)
1052 {
1053 	unsigned long start, end, addr;
1054 	unsigned long size = cmd->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
1055 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
1056 	struct dmirror_bounce bounce;
1057 	int ret = 0;
1058 
1059 	start = cmd->addr;
1060 	end = start + size;
1061 	if (end < start)
1062 		return -EINVAL;
1063 
1064 	/* Since the mm is for the mirrored process, get a reference first. */
1065 	if (!mmget_not_zero(mm))
1066 		return -EINVAL;
1067 
1068 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
1069 	for (addr = start; !ret && addr < end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
1070 		struct folio *folio;
1071 		struct page *page;
1072 
1073 		page = make_device_exclusive(mm, addr, NULL, &folio);
1074 		if (IS_ERR(page)) {
1075 			ret = PTR_ERR(page);
1076 			break;
1077 		}
1078 
1079 		ret = dmirror_atomic_map(addr, page, dmirror);
1080 		folio_unlock(folio);
1081 		folio_put(folio);
1082 	}
1083 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1084 	mmput(mm);
1085 
1086 	if (ret)
1087 		return ret;
1088 
1089 	/* Return the migrated data for verification. */
1090 	ret = dmirror_bounce_init(&bounce, start, size);
1091 	if (ret)
1092 		return ret;
1093 	mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
1094 	ret = dmirror_do_read(dmirror, start, end, &bounce);
1095 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
1096 	if (ret == 0) {
1097 		if (copy_to_user(u64_to_user_ptr(cmd->ptr), bounce.ptr,
1098 				 bounce.size))
1099 			ret = -EFAULT;
1100 	}
1101 
1102 	cmd->cpages = bounce.cpages;
1103 	dmirror_bounce_fini(&bounce);
1104 	return ret;
1105 }
1106 
1107 static vm_fault_t dmirror_devmem_fault_alloc_and_copy(struct migrate_vma *args,
1108 						      struct dmirror *dmirror)
1109 {
1110 	const unsigned long *src = args->src;
1111 	unsigned long *dst = args->dst;
1112 	unsigned long start = args->start;
1113 	unsigned long end = args->end;
1114 	unsigned long addr;
1115 	unsigned int order = 0;
1116 	int i;
1117 
1118 	for (addr = start; addr < end; ) {
1119 		struct page *dpage, *spage;
1120 
1121 		spage = migrate_pfn_to_page(*src);
1122 		if (!spage || !(*src & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE)) {
1123 			addr += PAGE_SIZE;
1124 			goto next;
1125 		}
1126 
1127 		if (WARN_ON(!is_device_private_page(spage) &&
1128 			    !is_device_coherent_page(spage))) {
1129 			addr += PAGE_SIZE;
1130 			goto next;
1131 		}
1132 
1133 		spage = BACKING_PAGE(spage);
1134 		order = folio_order(page_folio(spage));
1135 		if (order)
1136 			*dst = MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND;
1137 		if (*src & MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE)
1138 			*dst |= MIGRATE_PFN_WRITE;
1139 
1140 		if (dmirror->flags & HMM_DMIRROR_FLAG_FAIL_ALLOC) {
1141 			dmirror->flags &= ~HMM_DMIRROR_FLAG_FAIL_ALLOC;
1142 			*dst &= ~MIGRATE_PFN_COMPOUND;
1143 			dpage = NULL;
1144 		} else if (order) {
1145 			dpage = folio_page(vma_alloc_folio(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE,
1146 						order, args->vma, addr), 0);
1147 		} else {
1148 			dpage = alloc_page_vma(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, args->vma, addr);
1149 		}
1150 
1151 		if (!dpage && !order)
1152 			return VM_FAULT_OOM;
1153 
1154 		if (dpage) {
1155 			pr_debug("migrating from dev to sys pfn src: 0x%lx pfn dst: 0x%lx\n",
1156 					page_to_pfn(spage), page_to_pfn(dpage));
1157 			lock_page(dpage);
1158 			*dst |= migrate_pfn(page_to_pfn(dpage));
1159 		}
1160 
1161 		for (i = 0; i < (1 << order); i++) {
1162 			struct page *src_page;
1163 			struct page *dst_page;
1164 
1165 			/* Try with smaller pages if large allocation fails */
1166 			if (!dpage && order) {
1167 				dpage = alloc_page_vma(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, args->vma, addr);
1168 				if (!dpage) {
1169 					/* Unlock and free pages already allocated. */
1170 					while (i > 0) {
1171 						struct page *fpage;
1172 
1173 						fpage = migrate_pfn_to_page(dst[--i]);
1174 						unlock_page(fpage);
1175 						__free_page(fpage);
1176 					}
1177 					/* Clear remaining dst entries to avoid
1178 					 * migrate_vma_pages/finalize() using
1179 					 * uninitialized values.
1180 					 */
1181 					while (i < (1 << order)) {
1182 						dst[i] = 0;
1183 						i++;
1184 					}
1185 					return VM_FAULT_OOM;
1186 				}
1187 				lock_page(dpage);
1188 				dst[i] = migrate_pfn(page_to_pfn(dpage));
1189 				dst_page = pfn_to_page(page_to_pfn(dpage));
1190 				dpage = NULL; /* For the next iteration */
1191 			} else {
1192 				dst_page = pfn_to_page(page_to_pfn(dpage) + i);
1193 			}
1194 
1195 			src_page = pfn_to_page(page_to_pfn(spage) + i);
1196 
1197 			xa_erase(&dmirror->pt, addr >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1198 			addr += PAGE_SIZE;
1199 			copy_highpage(dst_page, src_page);
1200 		}
1201 next:
1202 		src += 1 << order;
1203 		dst += 1 << order;
1204 	}
1205 	return 0;
1206 }
1207 
1208 static unsigned long
1209 dmirror_successful_migrated_pages(struct migrate_vma *migrate)
1210 {
1211 	unsigned long cpages = 0;
1212 	unsigned long i;
1213 
1214 	for (i = 0; i < migrate->npages; i++) {
1215 		if (migrate->src[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_VALID &&
1216 		    migrate->src[i] & MIGRATE_PFN_MIGRATE)
1217 			cpages++;
1218 	}
1219 	return cpages;
1220 }
1221 
1222 static int dmirror_migrate_to_system(struct dmirror *dmirror,
1223 				     struct hmm_dmirror_cmd *cmd)
1224 {
1225 	unsigned long start, end, addr;
1226 	unsigned long size = cmd->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
1227 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
1228 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1229 	struct migrate_vma args = { 0 };
1230 	unsigned long next;
1231 	int ret;
1232 	unsigned long *src_pfns;
1233 	unsigned long *dst_pfns;
1234 
1235 	start = cmd->addr;
1236 	end = start + size;
1237 	if (end < start)
1238 		return -EINVAL;
1239 
1240 	/* Since the mm is for the mirrored process, get a reference first. */
1241 	if (!mmget_not_zero(mm))
1242 		return -EINVAL;
1243 
1244 	src_pfns = kvcalloc(PTRS_PER_PTE, sizeof(*src_pfns), GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOFAIL);
1245 	dst_pfns = kvcalloc(PTRS_PER_PTE, sizeof(*dst_pfns), GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOFAIL);
1246 
1247 	cmd->cpages = 0;
1248 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
1249 	for (addr = start; addr < end; addr = next) {
1250 		vma = vma_lookup(mm, addr);
1251 		if (!vma || !(vma->vm_flags & VM_READ)) {
1252 			ret = -EINVAL;
1253 			goto out;
1254 		}
1255 		next = min(end, addr + (PTRS_PER_PTE << PAGE_SHIFT));
1256 		if (next > vma->vm_end)
1257 			next = vma->vm_end;
1258 
1259 		args.vma = vma;
1260 		args.src = src_pfns;
1261 		args.dst = dst_pfns;
1262 		args.start = addr;
1263 		args.end = next;
1264 		args.pgmap_owner = dmirror->mdevice;
1265 		args.flags = dmirror_select_device(dmirror) | MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_COMPOUND;
1266 
1267 		ret = migrate_vma_setup(&args);
1268 		if (ret)
1269 			goto out;
1270 
1271 		pr_debug("Migrating from device mem to sys mem\n");
1272 		if (dmirror_devmem_fault_alloc_and_copy(&args, dmirror)) {
1273 			migrate_vma_finalize(&args);
1274 			ret = -ENOMEM;
1275 			goto out;
1276 		}
1277 
1278 		migrate_vma_pages(&args);
1279 		cmd->cpages += dmirror_successful_migrated_pages(&args);
1280 		migrate_vma_finalize(&args);
1281 	}
1282 out:
1283 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1284 	mmput(mm);
1285 	kvfree(src_pfns);
1286 	kvfree(dst_pfns);
1287 
1288 	return ret;
1289 }
1290 
1291 static int dmirror_migrate_to_device(struct dmirror *dmirror,
1292 				struct hmm_dmirror_cmd *cmd)
1293 {
1294 	unsigned long start, end, addr;
1295 	unsigned long size = cmd->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
1296 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
1297 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1298 	struct dmirror_bounce bounce;
1299 	struct migrate_vma args = { 0 };
1300 	unsigned long next;
1301 	int ret;
1302 	unsigned long *src_pfns = NULL;
1303 	unsigned long *dst_pfns = NULL;
1304 
1305 	start = cmd->addr;
1306 	end = start + size;
1307 	if (end < start)
1308 		return -EINVAL;
1309 
1310 	/* Since the mm is for the mirrored process, get a reference first. */
1311 	if (!mmget_not_zero(mm))
1312 		return -EINVAL;
1313 
1314 	src_pfns = kvcalloc(PTRS_PER_PTE, sizeof(*src_pfns),
1315 			  GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOFAIL);
1316 	dst_pfns = kvcalloc(PTRS_PER_PTE, sizeof(*dst_pfns),
1317 			  GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_NOFAIL);
1318 
1319 	ret = 0;
1320 	mmap_read_lock(mm);
1321 	for (addr = start; addr < end; addr = next) {
1322 		vma = vma_lookup(mm, addr);
1323 		if (!vma || !(vma->vm_flags & VM_READ)) {
1324 			ret = -EINVAL;
1325 			goto out;
1326 		}
1327 		next = min(end, addr + (PTRS_PER_PTE << PAGE_SHIFT));
1328 		if (next > vma->vm_end)
1329 			next = vma->vm_end;
1330 
1331 		args.vma = vma;
1332 		args.src = src_pfns;
1333 		args.dst = dst_pfns;
1334 		args.start = addr;
1335 		args.end = next;
1336 		args.pgmap_owner = dmirror->mdevice;
1337 		args.flags = MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_SYSTEM |
1338 				MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_COMPOUND;
1339 		ret = migrate_vma_setup(&args);
1340 		if (ret)
1341 			goto out;
1342 
1343 		pr_debug("Migrating from sys mem to device mem\n");
1344 		dmirror_migrate_alloc_and_copy(&args, dmirror);
1345 		migrate_vma_pages(&args);
1346 		dmirror_migrate_finalize_and_map(&args, dmirror);
1347 		migrate_vma_finalize(&args);
1348 	}
1349 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1350 	mmput(mm);
1351 
1352 	/*
1353 	 * Return the migrated data for verification.
1354 	 * Only for pages in device zone
1355 	 */
1356 	ret = dmirror_bounce_init(&bounce, start, size);
1357 	if (ret)
1358 		goto free_mem;
1359 	mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
1360 	ret = dmirror_do_read(dmirror, start, end, &bounce);
1361 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
1362 	if (ret == 0) {
1363 		if (copy_to_user(u64_to_user_ptr(cmd->ptr), bounce.ptr,
1364 				 bounce.size))
1365 			ret = -EFAULT;
1366 	}
1367 	cmd->cpages = bounce.cpages;
1368 	dmirror_bounce_fini(&bounce);
1369 	goto free_mem;
1370 
1371 out:
1372 	mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1373 	mmput(mm);
1374 free_mem:
1375 	kvfree(src_pfns);
1376 	kvfree(dst_pfns);
1377 	return ret;
1378 }
1379 
1380 static void dmirror_mkentry(struct dmirror *dmirror, struct hmm_range *range,
1381 			    unsigned char *perm, unsigned long entry)
1382 {
1383 	struct page *page;
1384 
1385 	if (entry & HMM_PFN_ERROR) {
1386 		*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_ERROR;
1387 		return;
1388 	}
1389 	if (!(entry & HMM_PFN_VALID)) {
1390 		*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_NONE;
1391 		return;
1392 	}
1393 
1394 	page = hmm_pfn_to_page(entry);
1395 	if (is_device_private_page(page)) {
1396 		/* Is the page migrated to this device or some other? */
1397 		if (dmirror->mdevice == dmirror_page_to_device(page))
1398 			*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_DEV_PRIVATE_LOCAL;
1399 		else
1400 			*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_DEV_PRIVATE_REMOTE;
1401 	} else if (is_device_coherent_page(page)) {
1402 		/* Is the page migrated to this device or some other? */
1403 		if (dmirror->mdevice == dmirror_page_to_device(page))
1404 			*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_DEV_COHERENT_LOCAL;
1405 		else
1406 			*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_DEV_COHERENT_REMOTE;
1407 	} else if (is_zero_pfn(page_to_pfn(page)))
1408 		*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_ZERO;
1409 	else
1410 		*perm = HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_NONE;
1411 	if (entry & HMM_PFN_WRITE)
1412 		*perm |= HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_WRITE;
1413 	else
1414 		*perm |= HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_READ;
1415 	if (hmm_pfn_to_map_order(entry) + PAGE_SHIFT == PMD_SHIFT)
1416 		*perm |= HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_PMD;
1417 	else if (hmm_pfn_to_map_order(entry) + PAGE_SHIFT == PUD_SHIFT)
1418 		*perm |= HMM_DMIRROR_PROT_PUD;
1419 }
1420 
1421 static bool dmirror_snapshot_invalidate(struct mmu_interval_notifier *mni,
1422 				const struct mmu_notifier_range *range,
1423 				unsigned long cur_seq)
1424 {
1425 	struct dmirror_interval *dmi =
1426 		container_of(mni, struct dmirror_interval, notifier);
1427 	struct dmirror *dmirror = dmi->dmirror;
1428 
1429 	if (mmu_notifier_range_blockable(range))
1430 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
1431 	else if (!mutex_trylock(&dmirror->mutex))
1432 		return false;
1433 
1434 	/*
1435 	 * Snapshots only need to set the sequence number since any
1436 	 * invalidation in the interval invalidates the whole snapshot.
1437 	 */
1438 	mmu_interval_set_seq(mni, cur_seq);
1439 
1440 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
1441 	return true;
1442 }
1443 
1444 static const struct mmu_interval_notifier_ops dmirror_mrn_ops = {
1445 	.invalidate = dmirror_snapshot_invalidate,
1446 };
1447 
1448 static int dmirror_range_snapshot(struct dmirror *dmirror,
1449 				  struct hmm_range *range,
1450 				  unsigned char *perm)
1451 {
1452 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
1453 	struct dmirror_interval notifier;
1454 	unsigned long timeout =
1455 		jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(HMM_RANGE_DEFAULT_TIMEOUT);
1456 	unsigned long i;
1457 	unsigned long n;
1458 	int ret = 0;
1459 
1460 	notifier.dmirror = dmirror;
1461 	range->notifier = &notifier.notifier;
1462 
1463 	ret = mmu_interval_notifier_insert(range->notifier, mm,
1464 			range->start, range->end - range->start,
1465 			&dmirror_mrn_ops);
1466 	if (ret)
1467 		return ret;
1468 
1469 	while (true) {
1470 		if (time_after(jiffies, timeout)) {
1471 			ret = -EBUSY;
1472 			goto out;
1473 		}
1474 
1475 		range->notifier_seq = mmu_interval_read_begin(range->notifier);
1476 
1477 		mmap_read_lock(mm);
1478 		ret = hmm_range_fault(range);
1479 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
1480 		if (ret) {
1481 			if (ret == -EBUSY)
1482 				continue;
1483 			goto out;
1484 		}
1485 
1486 		mutex_lock(&dmirror->mutex);
1487 		if (mmu_interval_read_retry(range->notifier,
1488 					    range->notifier_seq)) {
1489 			mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
1490 			continue;
1491 		}
1492 		break;
1493 	}
1494 
1495 	n = (range->end - range->start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1496 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
1497 		dmirror_mkentry(dmirror, range, perm + i, range->hmm_pfns[i]);
1498 
1499 	mutex_unlock(&dmirror->mutex);
1500 out:
1501 	mmu_interval_notifier_remove(range->notifier);
1502 	return ret;
1503 }
1504 
1505 static int dmirror_snapshot(struct dmirror *dmirror,
1506 			    struct hmm_dmirror_cmd *cmd)
1507 {
1508 	struct mm_struct *mm = dmirror->notifier.mm;
1509 	unsigned long start, end;
1510 	unsigned long size = cmd->npages << PAGE_SHIFT;
1511 	unsigned long addr;
1512 	unsigned long next;
1513 	unsigned long pfns[32];
1514 	unsigned char perm[32];
1515 	char __user *uptr;
1516 	struct hmm_range range = {
1517 		.hmm_pfns = pfns,
1518 		.dev_private_owner = dmirror->mdevice,
1519 	};
1520 	int ret = 0;
1521 
1522 	start = cmd->addr;
1523 	end = start + size;
1524 	if (end < start)
1525 		return -EINVAL;
1526 
1527 	/* Since the mm is for the mirrored process, get a reference first. */
1528 	if (!mmget_not_zero(mm))
1529 		return -EINVAL;
1530 
1531 	/*
1532 	 * Register a temporary notifier to detect invalidations even if it
1533 	 * overlaps with other mmu_interval_notifiers.
1534 	 */
1535 	uptr = u64_to_user_ptr(cmd->ptr);
1536 	for (addr = start; addr < end; addr = next) {
1537 		unsigned long n;
1538 
1539 		next = min(addr + (ARRAY_SIZE(pfns) << PAGE_SHIFT), end);
1540 		range.start = addr;
1541 		range.end = next;
1542 
1543 		ret = dmirror_range_snapshot(dmirror, &range, perm);
1544 		if (ret)
1545 			break;
1546 
1547 		n = (range.end - range.start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1548 		if (copy_to_user(uptr, perm, n)) {
1549 			ret = -EFAULT;
1550 			break;
1551 		}
1552 
1553 		cmd->cpages += n;
1554 		uptr += n;
1555 	}
1556 	mmput(mm);
1557 
1558 	return ret;
1559 }
1560 
1561 /* Removes free pages from the free list so they can't be re-allocated */
1562 static void dmirror_remove_free_pages(struct dmirror_chunk *devmem)
1563 {
1564 	struct dmirror_device *mdevice = devmem->mdevice;
1565 	struct page *page;
1566 	struct folio *folio;
1567 
1568 
1569 	for (folio = mdevice->free_folios; folio; folio = folio_zone_device_data(folio))
1570 		if (dmirror_page_to_chunk(folio_page(folio, 0)) == devmem)
1571 			mdevice->free_folios = folio_zone_device_data(folio);
1572 	for (page = mdevice->free_pages; page; page = page->zone_device_data)
1573 		if (dmirror_page_to_chunk(page) == devmem)
1574 			mdevice->free_pages = page->zone_device_data;
1575 }
1576 
1577 static void dmirror_device_remove_chunks(struct dmirror_device *mdevice)
1578 {
1579 	unsigned int i;
1580 
1581 	mutex_lock(&mdevice->devmem_lock);
1582 	if (mdevice->devmem_chunks) {
1583 		for (i = 0; i < mdevice->devmem_count; i++) {
1584 			struct dmirror_chunk *devmem =
1585 				mdevice->devmem_chunks[i];
1586 
1587 			spin_lock(&mdevice->lock);
1588 			devmem->remove = true;
1589 			dmirror_remove_free_pages(devmem);
1590 			spin_unlock(&mdevice->lock);
1591 
1592 			dmirror_device_evict_chunk(devmem);
1593 			memunmap_pages(&devmem->pagemap);
1594 			if (devmem->pagemap.type == MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE)
1595 				release_mem_region(devmem->pagemap.range.start,
1596 						   range_len(&devmem->pagemap.range));
1597 			kfree(devmem);
1598 		}
1599 		mdevice->devmem_count = 0;
1600 		mdevice->devmem_capacity = 0;
1601 		mdevice->free_pages = NULL;
1602 		mdevice->free_folios = NULL;
1603 		kfree(mdevice->devmem_chunks);
1604 		mdevice->devmem_chunks = NULL;
1605 	}
1606 	mutex_unlock(&mdevice->devmem_lock);
1607 }
1608 
1609 static long dmirror_fops_unlocked_ioctl(struct file *filp,
1610 					unsigned int command,
1611 					unsigned long arg)
1612 {
1613 	void __user *uarg = (void __user *)arg;
1614 	struct hmm_dmirror_cmd cmd;
1615 	struct dmirror *dmirror;
1616 	int ret;
1617 
1618 	dmirror = filp->private_data;
1619 	if (!dmirror)
1620 		return -EINVAL;
1621 
1622 	if (copy_from_user(&cmd, uarg, sizeof(cmd)))
1623 		return -EFAULT;
1624 
1625 	if (cmd.addr & ~PAGE_MASK)
1626 		return -EINVAL;
1627 	if (cmd.addr >= (cmd.addr + (cmd.npages << PAGE_SHIFT)))
1628 		return -EINVAL;
1629 
1630 	cmd.cpages = 0;
1631 	cmd.faults = 0;
1632 
1633 	switch (command) {
1634 	case HMM_DMIRROR_READ:
1635 		ret = dmirror_read(dmirror, &cmd);
1636 		break;
1637 
1638 	case HMM_DMIRROR_WRITE:
1639 		ret = dmirror_write(dmirror, &cmd);
1640 		break;
1641 
1642 	case HMM_DMIRROR_MIGRATE_TO_DEV:
1643 		ret = dmirror_migrate_to_device(dmirror, &cmd);
1644 		break;
1645 
1646 	case HMM_DMIRROR_MIGRATE_TO_SYS:
1647 		ret = dmirror_migrate_to_system(dmirror, &cmd);
1648 		break;
1649 
1650 	case HMM_DMIRROR_EXCLUSIVE:
1651 		ret = dmirror_exclusive(dmirror, &cmd);
1652 		break;
1653 
1654 	case HMM_DMIRROR_CHECK_EXCLUSIVE:
1655 		ret = dmirror_check_atomic(dmirror, cmd.addr,
1656 					cmd.addr + (cmd.npages << PAGE_SHIFT));
1657 		break;
1658 
1659 	case HMM_DMIRROR_SNAPSHOT:
1660 		ret = dmirror_snapshot(dmirror, &cmd);
1661 		break;
1662 
1663 	case HMM_DMIRROR_RELEASE:
1664 		dmirror_device_remove_chunks(dmirror->mdevice);
1665 		ret = 0;
1666 		break;
1667 	case HMM_DMIRROR_FLAGS:
1668 		dmirror->flags = cmd.npages;
1669 		ret = 0;
1670 		break;
1671 	case HMM_DMIRROR_READ_UNLOCKED:
1672 		ret = dmirror_read_unlocked(dmirror, &cmd, 0);
1673 		break;
1674 	default:
1675 		return -EINVAL;
1676 	}
1677 	if (ret)
1678 		return ret;
1679 
1680 	if (copy_to_user(uarg, &cmd, sizeof(cmd)))
1681 		return -EFAULT;
1682 
1683 	return 0;
1684 }
1685 
1686 static int dmirror_fops_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1687 {
1688 	unsigned long addr;
1689 
1690 	for (addr = vma->vm_start; addr < vma->vm_end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
1691 		struct page *page;
1692 		int ret;
1693 
1694 		page = alloc_page(GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO);
1695 		if (!page)
1696 			return -ENOMEM;
1697 
1698 		ret = vm_insert_page(vma, addr, page);
1699 		if (ret) {
1700 			__free_page(page);
1701 			return ret;
1702 		}
1703 		put_page(page);
1704 	}
1705 
1706 	return 0;
1707 }
1708 
1709 static const struct file_operations dmirror_fops = {
1710 	.open		= dmirror_fops_open,
1711 	.release	= dmirror_fops_release,
1712 	.mmap		= dmirror_fops_mmap,
1713 	.unlocked_ioctl = dmirror_fops_unlocked_ioctl,
1714 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
1715 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
1716 };
1717 
1718 static void dmirror_devmem_free(struct folio *folio)
1719 {
1720 	struct page *page = &folio->page;
1721 	struct page *rpage = BACKING_PAGE(page);
1722 	struct dmirror_device *mdevice;
1723 	struct folio *rfolio = page_folio(rpage);
1724 	unsigned int order = folio_order(rfolio);
1725 
1726 	if (rpage != page) {
1727 		if (order)
1728 			__free_pages(rpage, order);
1729 		else
1730 			__free_page(rpage);
1731 		rpage = NULL;
1732 	}
1733 
1734 	mdevice = dmirror_page_to_device(page);
1735 	spin_lock(&mdevice->lock);
1736 
1737 	/* Return page to our allocator if not freeing the chunk */
1738 	if (!dmirror_page_to_chunk(page)->remove) {
1739 		mdevice->cfree += 1 << order;
1740 		if (order) {
1741 			page->zone_device_data = mdevice->free_folios;
1742 			mdevice->free_folios = page_folio(page);
1743 		} else {
1744 			page->zone_device_data = mdevice->free_pages;
1745 			mdevice->free_pages = page;
1746 		}
1747 	}
1748 	spin_unlock(&mdevice->lock);
1749 }
1750 
1751 static vm_fault_t dmirror_devmem_fault(struct vm_fault *vmf)
1752 {
1753 	struct migrate_vma args = { 0 };
1754 	struct page *rpage;
1755 	struct dmirror *dmirror;
1756 	vm_fault_t ret = 0;
1757 	unsigned int order, nr;
1758 
1759 	/*
1760 	 * Normally, a device would use the page->zone_device_data to point to
1761 	 * the mirror but here we use it to hold the page for the simulated
1762 	 * device memory and that page holds the pointer to the mirror.
1763 	 */
1764 	rpage = folio_zone_device_data(page_folio(vmf->page));
1765 	dmirror = rpage->zone_device_data;
1766 
1767 	/* FIXME demonstrate how we can adjust migrate range */
1768 	order = folio_order(page_folio(vmf->page));
1769 	nr = 1 << order;
1770 
1771 	/*
1772 	 * When folios are partially mapped, we can't rely on the folio
1773 	 * order of vmf->page as the folio might not be fully split yet
1774 	 */
1775 	if (vmf->pte) {
1776 		order = 0;
1777 		nr = 1;
1778 	}
1779 
1780 	/*
1781 	 * Consider a per-cpu cache of src and dst pfns, but with
1782 	 * large number of cpus that might not scale well.
1783 	 */
1784 	args.start = ALIGN_DOWN(vmf->address, (PAGE_SIZE << order));
1785 	args.vma = vmf->vma;
1786 	args.end = args.start + (PAGE_SIZE << order);
1787 
1788 	nr = (args.end - args.start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
1789 	args.src = kcalloc(nr, sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
1790 	args.dst = kcalloc(nr, sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
1791 	args.pgmap_owner = dmirror->mdevice;
1792 	args.flags = dmirror_select_device(dmirror);
1793 	args.fault_page = vmf->page;
1794 
1795 	if (!args.src || !args.dst) {
1796 		ret = VM_FAULT_OOM;
1797 		goto err;
1798 	}
1799 
1800 	if (order)
1801 		args.flags |= MIGRATE_VMA_SELECT_COMPOUND;
1802 
1803 	/*
1804 	 * In practice migrate_vma_setup() should never fail unless the
1805 	 * test is wrong as it just tests some static VMA properties.
1806 	 */
1807 	if (migrate_vma_setup(&args)) {
1808 		ret = VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
1809 		goto err;
1810 	}
1811 
1812 	ret = dmirror_devmem_fault_alloc_and_copy(&args, dmirror);
1813 	if (ret) {
1814 		migrate_vma_finalize(&args);
1815 		goto err;
1816 	}
1817 	migrate_vma_pages(&args);
1818 	/*
1819 	 * No device finalize step is needed since
1820 	 * dmirror_devmem_fault_alloc_and_copy() will have already
1821 	 * invalidated the device page table.
1822 	 */
1823 	migrate_vma_finalize(&args);
1824 err:
1825 	kfree(args.src);
1826 	kfree(args.dst);
1827 	return ret;
1828 }
1829 
1830 static void dmirror_devmem_folio_split(struct folio *head, struct folio *tail)
1831 {
1832 	struct page *rpage = BACKING_PAGE(folio_page(head, 0));
1833 	struct page *rpage_tail;
1834 	struct folio *rfolio;
1835 	unsigned long offset = 0;
1836 
1837 	if (!rpage) {
1838 		tail->page.zone_device_data = NULL;
1839 		return;
1840 	}
1841 
1842 	rfolio = page_folio(rpage);
1843 
1844 	if (tail == NULL) {
1845 		folio_reset_order(rfolio);
1846 		rfolio->mapping = NULL;
1847 		folio_set_count(rfolio, 1);
1848 		return;
1849 	}
1850 
1851 	offset = folio_pfn(tail) - folio_pfn(head);
1852 
1853 	rpage_tail = folio_page(rfolio, offset);
1854 	tail->page.zone_device_data = rpage_tail;
1855 	rpage_tail->zone_device_data = rpage->zone_device_data;
1856 	clear_compound_head(rpage_tail);
1857 	rpage_tail->mapping = NULL;
1858 
1859 	folio_page(tail, 0)->mapping = folio_page(head, 0)->mapping;
1860 	tail->pgmap = head->pgmap;
1861 	folio_set_count(page_folio(rpage_tail), 1);
1862 }
1863 
1864 static const struct dev_pagemap_ops dmirror_devmem_ops = {
1865 	.folio_free	= dmirror_devmem_free,
1866 	.migrate_to_ram	= dmirror_devmem_fault,
1867 	.folio_split	= dmirror_devmem_folio_split,
1868 };
1869 
1870 static void dmirror_device_release(struct device *dev)
1871 {
1872 	struct dmirror_device *mdevice = container_of(dev, struct dmirror_device, device);
1873 
1874 	dmirror_device_remove_chunks(mdevice);
1875 }
1876 
1877 static int dmirror_device_init(struct dmirror_device *mdevice, int id)
1878 {
1879 	dev_t dev;
1880 	int ret;
1881 
1882 	dev = MKDEV(MAJOR(dmirror_dev), id);
1883 	mutex_init(&mdevice->devmem_lock);
1884 	spin_lock_init(&mdevice->lock);
1885 
1886 	cdev_init(&mdevice->cdevice, &dmirror_fops);
1887 	mdevice->cdevice.owner = THIS_MODULE;
1888 	mdevice->device.release = dmirror_device_release;
1889 
1890 	device_initialize(&mdevice->device);
1891 	mdevice->device.devt = dev;
1892 
1893 	ret = dev_set_name(&mdevice->device, "hmm_dmirror%u", id);
1894 	if (ret)
1895 		goto put_device;
1896 
1897 	/* Build a list of free ZONE_DEVICE struct pages */
1898 	ret = dmirror_allocate_chunk(mdevice, NULL, false);
1899 	if (ret)
1900 		goto put_device;
1901 
1902 	ret = cdev_device_add(&mdevice->cdevice, &mdevice->device);
1903 	if (ret)
1904 		goto put_device;
1905 
1906 	return 0;
1907 
1908 put_device:
1909 	put_device(&mdevice->device);
1910 	return ret;
1911 }
1912 
1913 static void dmirror_device_remove(struct dmirror_device *mdevice)
1914 {
1915 	cdev_device_del(&mdevice->cdevice, &mdevice->device);
1916 	put_device(&mdevice->device);
1917 }
1918 
1919 static int __init hmm_dmirror_init(void)
1920 {
1921 	int ret;
1922 	int id = 0;
1923 	int ndevices = 0;
1924 
1925 	ret = alloc_chrdev_region(&dmirror_dev, 0, DMIRROR_NDEVICES,
1926 				  "HMM_DMIRROR");
1927 	if (ret)
1928 		goto err_unreg;
1929 
1930 	memset(dmirror_devices, 0, DMIRROR_NDEVICES * sizeof(dmirror_devices[0]));
1931 	dmirror_devices[ndevices++].zone_device_type =
1932 				HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE;
1933 	dmirror_devices[ndevices++].zone_device_type =
1934 				HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_PRIVATE;
1935 	if (spm_addr_dev0 && spm_addr_dev1) {
1936 		dmirror_devices[ndevices++].zone_device_type =
1937 					HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_COHERENT;
1938 		dmirror_devices[ndevices++].zone_device_type =
1939 					HMM_DMIRROR_MEMORY_DEVICE_COHERENT;
1940 	}
1941 	for (id = 0; id < ndevices; id++) {
1942 		ret = dmirror_device_init(dmirror_devices + id, id);
1943 		if (ret)
1944 			goto err_chrdev;
1945 	}
1946 
1947 	pr_info("HMM test module loaded. This is only for testing HMM.\n");
1948 	return 0;
1949 
1950 err_chrdev:
1951 	while (--id >= 0)
1952 		dmirror_device_remove(dmirror_devices + id);
1953 	unregister_chrdev_region(dmirror_dev, DMIRROR_NDEVICES);
1954 err_unreg:
1955 	return ret;
1956 }
1957 
1958 static void __exit hmm_dmirror_exit(void)
1959 {
1960 	int id;
1961 
1962 	for (id = 0; id < DMIRROR_NDEVICES; id++)
1963 		if (dmirror_devices[id].zone_device_type)
1964 			dmirror_device_remove(dmirror_devices + id);
1965 	unregister_chrdev_region(dmirror_dev, DMIRROR_NDEVICES);
1966 }
1967 
1968 module_init(hmm_dmirror_init);
1969 module_exit(hmm_dmirror_exit);
1970 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("HMM (Heterogeneous Memory Management) test module");
1971 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
1972