xref: /linux/lib/list_sort.c (revision d257f9bf06129613de539ea71ecea60848b662cd)
1 #include <linux/kernel.h>
2 #include <linux/bug.h>
3 #include <linux/compiler.h>
4 #include <linux/export.h>
5 #include <linux/string.h>
6 #include <linux/list_sort.h>
7 #include <linux/list.h>
8 
9 #define MAX_LIST_LENGTH_BITS 20
10 
11 /*
12  * Returns a list organized in an intermediate format suited
13  * to chaining of merge() calls: null-terminated, no reserved or
14  * sentinel head node, "prev" links not maintained.
15  */
16 static struct list_head *merge(void *priv,
17 				int (*cmp)(void *priv, struct list_head *a,
18 					struct list_head *b),
19 				struct list_head *a, struct list_head *b)
20 {
21 	struct list_head head, *tail = &head;
22 
23 	while (a && b) {
24 		/* if equal, take 'a' -- important for sort stability */
25 		if ((*cmp)(priv, a, b) <= 0) {
26 			tail->next = a;
27 			a = a->next;
28 		} else {
29 			tail->next = b;
30 			b = b->next;
31 		}
32 		tail = tail->next;
33 	}
34 	tail->next = a?:b;
35 	return head.next;
36 }
37 
38 /*
39  * Combine final list merge with restoration of standard doubly-linked
40  * list structure.  This approach duplicates code from merge(), but
41  * runs faster than the tidier alternatives of either a separate final
42  * prev-link restoration pass, or maintaining the prev links
43  * throughout.
44  */
45 static void merge_and_restore_back_links(void *priv,
46 				int (*cmp)(void *priv, struct list_head *a,
47 					struct list_head *b),
48 				struct list_head *head,
49 				struct list_head *a, struct list_head *b)
50 {
51 	struct list_head *tail = head;
52 	u8 count = 0;
53 
54 	while (a && b) {
55 		/* if equal, take 'a' -- important for sort stability */
56 		if ((*cmp)(priv, a, b) <= 0) {
57 			tail->next = a;
58 			a->prev = tail;
59 			a = a->next;
60 		} else {
61 			tail->next = b;
62 			b->prev = tail;
63 			b = b->next;
64 		}
65 		tail = tail->next;
66 	}
67 	tail->next = a ? : b;
68 
69 	do {
70 		/*
71 		 * In worst cases this loop may run many iterations.
72 		 * Continue callbacks to the client even though no
73 		 * element comparison is needed, so the client's cmp()
74 		 * routine can invoke cond_resched() periodically.
75 		 */
76 		if (unlikely(!(++count)))
77 			(*cmp)(priv, tail->next, tail->next);
78 
79 		tail->next->prev = tail;
80 		tail = tail->next;
81 	} while (tail->next);
82 
83 	tail->next = head;
84 	head->prev = tail;
85 }
86 
87 /**
88  * list_sort - sort a list
89  * @priv: private data, opaque to list_sort(), passed to @cmp
90  * @head: the list to sort
91  * @cmp: the elements comparison function
92  *
93  * This function implements "merge sort", which has O(nlog(n))
94  * complexity.
95  *
96  * The comparison function @cmp must return a negative value if @a
97  * should sort before @b, and a positive value if @a should sort after
98  * @b. If @a and @b are equivalent, and their original relative
99  * ordering is to be preserved, @cmp must return 0.
100  */
101 void list_sort(void *priv, struct list_head *head,
102 		int (*cmp)(void *priv, struct list_head *a,
103 			struct list_head *b))
104 {
105 	struct list_head *part[MAX_LIST_LENGTH_BITS+1]; /* sorted partial lists
106 						-- last slot is a sentinel */
107 	int lev;  /* index into part[] */
108 	int max_lev = 0;
109 	struct list_head *list;
110 
111 	if (list_empty(head))
112 		return;
113 
114 	memset(part, 0, sizeof(part));
115 
116 	head->prev->next = NULL;
117 	list = head->next;
118 
119 	while (list) {
120 		struct list_head *cur = list;
121 		list = list->next;
122 		cur->next = NULL;
123 
124 		for (lev = 0; part[lev]; lev++) {
125 			cur = merge(priv, cmp, part[lev], cur);
126 			part[lev] = NULL;
127 		}
128 		if (lev > max_lev) {
129 			if (unlikely(lev >= ARRAY_SIZE(part)-1)) {
130 				printk_once(KERN_DEBUG "list too long for efficiency\n");
131 				lev--;
132 			}
133 			max_lev = lev;
134 		}
135 		part[lev] = cur;
136 	}
137 
138 	for (lev = 0; lev < max_lev; lev++)
139 		if (part[lev])
140 			list = merge(priv, cmp, part[lev], list);
141 
142 	merge_and_restore_back_links(priv, cmp, head, part[max_lev], list);
143 }
144 EXPORT_SYMBOL(list_sort);
145