xref: /linux/lib/crypto/sha256.c (revision 7fc2cd2e4b398c57c9cf961cfea05eadbf34c05c)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * SHA-224, SHA-256, HMAC-SHA224, and HMAC-SHA256 library functions
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) Jean-Luc Cooke <jlcooke@certainkey.com>
6  * Copyright (c) Andrew McDonald <andrew@mcdonald.org.uk>
7  * Copyright (c) 2002 James Morris <jmorris@intercode.com.au>
8  * Copyright (c) 2014 Red Hat Inc.
9  * Copyright 2025 Google LLC
10  */
11 
12 #include <crypto/hmac.h>
13 #include <crypto/sha2.h>
14 #include <linux/export.h>
15 #include <linux/kernel.h>
16 #include <linux/module.h>
17 #include <linux/string.h>
18 #include <linux/unaligned.h>
19 #include <linux/wordpart.h>
20 #include "fips.h"
21 
22 static const struct sha256_block_state sha224_iv = {
23 	.h = {
24 		SHA224_H0, SHA224_H1, SHA224_H2, SHA224_H3,
25 		SHA224_H4, SHA224_H5, SHA224_H6, SHA224_H7,
26 	},
27 };
28 
29 static const struct sha256_ctx initial_sha256_ctx = {
30 	.ctx = {
31 		.state = {
32 			.h = {
33 				SHA256_H0, SHA256_H1, SHA256_H2, SHA256_H3,
34 				SHA256_H4, SHA256_H5, SHA256_H6, SHA256_H7,
35 			},
36 		},
37 		.bytecount = 0,
38 	},
39 };
40 
41 #define sha256_iv (initial_sha256_ctx.ctx.state)
42 
43 static const u32 sha256_K[64] = {
44 	0x428a2f98, 0x71374491, 0xb5c0fbcf, 0xe9b5dba5, 0x3956c25b, 0x59f111f1,
45 	0x923f82a4, 0xab1c5ed5, 0xd807aa98, 0x12835b01, 0x243185be, 0x550c7dc3,
46 	0x72be5d74, 0x80deb1fe, 0x9bdc06a7, 0xc19bf174, 0xe49b69c1, 0xefbe4786,
47 	0x0fc19dc6, 0x240ca1cc, 0x2de92c6f, 0x4a7484aa, 0x5cb0a9dc, 0x76f988da,
48 	0x983e5152, 0xa831c66d, 0xb00327c8, 0xbf597fc7, 0xc6e00bf3, 0xd5a79147,
49 	0x06ca6351, 0x14292967, 0x27b70a85, 0x2e1b2138, 0x4d2c6dfc, 0x53380d13,
50 	0x650a7354, 0x766a0abb, 0x81c2c92e, 0x92722c85, 0xa2bfe8a1, 0xa81a664b,
51 	0xc24b8b70, 0xc76c51a3, 0xd192e819, 0xd6990624, 0xf40e3585, 0x106aa070,
52 	0x19a4c116, 0x1e376c08, 0x2748774c, 0x34b0bcb5, 0x391c0cb3, 0x4ed8aa4a,
53 	0x5b9cca4f, 0x682e6ff3, 0x748f82ee, 0x78a5636f, 0x84c87814, 0x8cc70208,
54 	0x90befffa, 0xa4506ceb, 0xbef9a3f7, 0xc67178f2,
55 };
56 
57 #define Ch(x, y, z) ((z) ^ ((x) & ((y) ^ (z))))
58 #define Maj(x, y, z) (((x) & (y)) | ((z) & ((x) | (y))))
59 #define e0(x) (ror32((x), 2) ^ ror32((x), 13) ^ ror32((x), 22))
60 #define e1(x) (ror32((x), 6) ^ ror32((x), 11) ^ ror32((x), 25))
61 #define s0(x) (ror32((x), 7) ^ ror32((x), 18) ^ ((x) >> 3))
62 #define s1(x) (ror32((x), 17) ^ ror32((x), 19) ^ ((x) >> 10))
63 
64 static inline void LOAD_OP(int I, u32 *W, const u8 *input)
65 {
66 	W[I] = get_unaligned_be32((__u32 *)input + I);
67 }
68 
69 static inline void BLEND_OP(int I, u32 *W)
70 {
71 	W[I] = s1(W[I - 2]) + W[I - 7] + s0(W[I - 15]) + W[I - 16];
72 }
73 
74 #define SHA256_ROUND(i, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h)                    \
75 	do {                                                       \
76 		u32 t1, t2;                                        \
77 		t1 = h + e1(e) + Ch(e, f, g) + sha256_K[i] + W[i]; \
78 		t2 = e0(a) + Maj(a, b, c);                         \
79 		d += t1;                                           \
80 		h = t1 + t2;                                       \
81 	} while (0)
82 
83 static void sha256_block_generic(struct sha256_block_state *state,
84 				 const u8 *input, u32 W[64])
85 {
86 	u32 a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h;
87 	int i;
88 
89 	/* load the input */
90 	for (i = 0; i < 16; i += 8) {
91 		LOAD_OP(i + 0, W, input);
92 		LOAD_OP(i + 1, W, input);
93 		LOAD_OP(i + 2, W, input);
94 		LOAD_OP(i + 3, W, input);
95 		LOAD_OP(i + 4, W, input);
96 		LOAD_OP(i + 5, W, input);
97 		LOAD_OP(i + 6, W, input);
98 		LOAD_OP(i + 7, W, input);
99 	}
100 
101 	/* now blend */
102 	for (i = 16; i < 64; i += 8) {
103 		BLEND_OP(i + 0, W);
104 		BLEND_OP(i + 1, W);
105 		BLEND_OP(i + 2, W);
106 		BLEND_OP(i + 3, W);
107 		BLEND_OP(i + 4, W);
108 		BLEND_OP(i + 5, W);
109 		BLEND_OP(i + 6, W);
110 		BLEND_OP(i + 7, W);
111 	}
112 
113 	/* load the state into our registers */
114 	a = state->h[0];
115 	b = state->h[1];
116 	c = state->h[2];
117 	d = state->h[3];
118 	e = state->h[4];
119 	f = state->h[5];
120 	g = state->h[6];
121 	h = state->h[7];
122 
123 	/* now iterate */
124 	for (i = 0; i < 64; i += 8) {
125 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 0, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h);
126 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 1, h, a, b, c, d, e, f, g);
127 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 2, g, h, a, b, c, d, e, f);
128 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 3, f, g, h, a, b, c, d, e);
129 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 4, e, f, g, h, a, b, c, d);
130 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 5, d, e, f, g, h, a, b, c);
131 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 6, c, d, e, f, g, h, a, b);
132 		SHA256_ROUND(i + 7, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, a);
133 	}
134 
135 	state->h[0] += a;
136 	state->h[1] += b;
137 	state->h[2] += c;
138 	state->h[3] += d;
139 	state->h[4] += e;
140 	state->h[5] += f;
141 	state->h[6] += g;
142 	state->h[7] += h;
143 }
144 
145 static void __maybe_unused
146 sha256_blocks_generic(struct sha256_block_state *state,
147 		      const u8 *data, size_t nblocks)
148 {
149 	u32 W[64];
150 
151 	do {
152 		sha256_block_generic(state, data, W);
153 		data += SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
154 	} while (--nblocks);
155 
156 	memzero_explicit(W, sizeof(W));
157 }
158 
159 #if defined(CONFIG_CRYPTO_LIB_SHA256_ARCH) && !defined(__DISABLE_EXPORTS)
160 #include "sha256.h" /* $(SRCARCH)/sha256.h */
161 #else
162 #define sha256_blocks sha256_blocks_generic
163 #endif
164 
165 static void __sha256_init(struct __sha256_ctx *ctx,
166 			  const struct sha256_block_state *iv,
167 			  u64 initial_bytecount)
168 {
169 	ctx->state = *iv;
170 	ctx->bytecount = initial_bytecount;
171 }
172 
173 void sha224_init(struct sha224_ctx *ctx)
174 {
175 	__sha256_init(&ctx->ctx, &sha224_iv, 0);
176 }
177 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sha224_init);
178 
179 void sha256_init(struct sha256_ctx *ctx)
180 {
181 	__sha256_init(&ctx->ctx, &sha256_iv, 0);
182 }
183 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sha256_init);
184 
185 void __sha256_update(struct __sha256_ctx *ctx, const u8 *data, size_t len)
186 {
187 	size_t partial = ctx->bytecount % SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
188 
189 	ctx->bytecount += len;
190 
191 	if (partial + len >= SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE) {
192 		size_t nblocks;
193 
194 		if (partial) {
195 			size_t l = SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE - partial;
196 
197 			memcpy(&ctx->buf[partial], data, l);
198 			data += l;
199 			len -= l;
200 
201 			sha256_blocks(&ctx->state, ctx->buf, 1);
202 		}
203 
204 		nblocks = len / SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
205 		len %= SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
206 
207 		if (nblocks) {
208 			sha256_blocks(&ctx->state, data, nblocks);
209 			data += nblocks * SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
210 		}
211 		partial = 0;
212 	}
213 	if (len)
214 		memcpy(&ctx->buf[partial], data, len);
215 }
216 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__sha256_update);
217 
218 static void __sha256_final(struct __sha256_ctx *ctx,
219 			   u8 *out, size_t digest_size)
220 {
221 	u64 bitcount = ctx->bytecount << 3;
222 	size_t partial = ctx->bytecount % SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
223 
224 	ctx->buf[partial++] = 0x80;
225 	if (partial > SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE - 8) {
226 		memset(&ctx->buf[partial], 0, SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE - partial);
227 		sha256_blocks(&ctx->state, ctx->buf, 1);
228 		partial = 0;
229 	}
230 	memset(&ctx->buf[partial], 0, SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE - 8 - partial);
231 	*(__be64 *)&ctx->buf[SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE - 8] = cpu_to_be64(bitcount);
232 	sha256_blocks(&ctx->state, ctx->buf, 1);
233 
234 	for (size_t i = 0; i < digest_size; i += 4)
235 		put_unaligned_be32(ctx->state.h[i / 4], out + i);
236 }
237 
238 void sha224_final(struct sha224_ctx *ctx, u8 out[SHA224_DIGEST_SIZE])
239 {
240 	__sha256_final(&ctx->ctx, out, SHA224_DIGEST_SIZE);
241 	memzero_explicit(ctx, sizeof(*ctx));
242 }
243 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sha224_final);
244 
245 void sha256_final(struct sha256_ctx *ctx, u8 out[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
246 {
247 	__sha256_final(&ctx->ctx, out, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
248 	memzero_explicit(ctx, sizeof(*ctx));
249 }
250 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sha256_final);
251 
252 void sha224(const u8 *data, size_t len, u8 out[SHA224_DIGEST_SIZE])
253 {
254 	struct sha224_ctx ctx;
255 
256 	sha224_init(&ctx);
257 	sha224_update(&ctx, data, len);
258 	sha224_final(&ctx, out);
259 }
260 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sha224);
261 
262 void sha256(const u8 *data, size_t len, u8 out[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
263 {
264 	struct sha256_ctx ctx;
265 
266 	sha256_init(&ctx);
267 	sha256_update(&ctx, data, len);
268 	sha256_final(&ctx, out);
269 }
270 EXPORT_SYMBOL(sha256);
271 
272 /*
273  * Pre-boot environments (as indicated by __DISABLE_EXPORTS being defined) just
274  * need the generic SHA-256 code.  Omit all other features from them.
275  */
276 #ifndef __DISABLE_EXPORTS
277 
278 #ifndef sha256_finup_2x_arch
279 static bool sha256_finup_2x_arch(const struct __sha256_ctx *ctx,
280 				 const u8 *data1, const u8 *data2, size_t len,
281 				 u8 out1[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE],
282 				 u8 out2[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
283 {
284 	return false;
285 }
286 static bool sha256_finup_2x_is_optimized_arch(void)
287 {
288 	return false;
289 }
290 #endif
291 
292 /* Sequential fallback implementation of sha256_finup_2x() */
293 static noinline_for_stack void sha256_finup_2x_sequential(
294 	const struct __sha256_ctx *ctx, const u8 *data1, const u8 *data2,
295 	size_t len, u8 out1[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE], u8 out2[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
296 {
297 	struct __sha256_ctx mut_ctx;
298 
299 	mut_ctx = *ctx;
300 	__sha256_update(&mut_ctx, data1, len);
301 	__sha256_final(&mut_ctx, out1, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
302 
303 	mut_ctx = *ctx;
304 	__sha256_update(&mut_ctx, data2, len);
305 	__sha256_final(&mut_ctx, out2, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
306 }
307 
308 void sha256_finup_2x(const struct sha256_ctx *ctx, const u8 *data1,
309 		     const u8 *data2, size_t len, u8 out1[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE],
310 		     u8 out2[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
311 {
312 	if (ctx == NULL)
313 		ctx = &initial_sha256_ctx;
314 
315 	if (likely(sha256_finup_2x_arch(&ctx->ctx, data1, data2, len, out1,
316 					out2)))
317 		return;
318 	sha256_finup_2x_sequential(&ctx->ctx, data1, data2, len, out1, out2);
319 }
320 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sha256_finup_2x);
321 
322 bool sha256_finup_2x_is_optimized(void)
323 {
324 	return sha256_finup_2x_is_optimized_arch();
325 }
326 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(sha256_finup_2x_is_optimized);
327 
328 static void __hmac_sha256_preparekey(struct sha256_block_state *istate,
329 				     struct sha256_block_state *ostate,
330 				     const u8 *raw_key, size_t raw_key_len,
331 				     const struct sha256_block_state *iv)
332 {
333 	union {
334 		u8 b[SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE];
335 		unsigned long w[SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE / sizeof(unsigned long)];
336 	} derived_key = { 0 };
337 
338 	if (unlikely(raw_key_len > SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE)) {
339 		if (iv == &sha224_iv)
340 			sha224(raw_key, raw_key_len, derived_key.b);
341 		else
342 			sha256(raw_key, raw_key_len, derived_key.b);
343 	} else {
344 		memcpy(derived_key.b, raw_key, raw_key_len);
345 	}
346 
347 	for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(derived_key.w); i++)
348 		derived_key.w[i] ^= REPEAT_BYTE(HMAC_IPAD_VALUE);
349 	*istate = *iv;
350 	sha256_blocks(istate, derived_key.b, 1);
351 
352 	for (size_t i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(derived_key.w); i++)
353 		derived_key.w[i] ^= REPEAT_BYTE(HMAC_OPAD_VALUE ^
354 						HMAC_IPAD_VALUE);
355 	*ostate = *iv;
356 	sha256_blocks(ostate, derived_key.b, 1);
357 
358 	memzero_explicit(&derived_key, sizeof(derived_key));
359 }
360 
361 void hmac_sha224_preparekey(struct hmac_sha224_key *key,
362 			    const u8 *raw_key, size_t raw_key_len)
363 {
364 	__hmac_sha256_preparekey(&key->key.istate, &key->key.ostate,
365 				 raw_key, raw_key_len, &sha224_iv);
366 }
367 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha224_preparekey);
368 
369 void hmac_sha256_preparekey(struct hmac_sha256_key *key,
370 			    const u8 *raw_key, size_t raw_key_len)
371 {
372 	__hmac_sha256_preparekey(&key->key.istate, &key->key.ostate,
373 				 raw_key, raw_key_len, &sha256_iv);
374 }
375 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha256_preparekey);
376 
377 void __hmac_sha256_init(struct __hmac_sha256_ctx *ctx,
378 			const struct __hmac_sha256_key *key)
379 {
380 	__sha256_init(&ctx->sha_ctx, &key->istate, SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE);
381 	ctx->ostate = key->ostate;
382 }
383 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__hmac_sha256_init);
384 
385 void hmac_sha224_init_usingrawkey(struct hmac_sha224_ctx *ctx,
386 				  const u8 *raw_key, size_t raw_key_len)
387 {
388 	__hmac_sha256_preparekey(&ctx->ctx.sha_ctx.state, &ctx->ctx.ostate,
389 				 raw_key, raw_key_len, &sha224_iv);
390 	ctx->ctx.sha_ctx.bytecount = SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
391 }
392 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha224_init_usingrawkey);
393 
394 void hmac_sha256_init_usingrawkey(struct hmac_sha256_ctx *ctx,
395 				  const u8 *raw_key, size_t raw_key_len)
396 {
397 	__hmac_sha256_preparekey(&ctx->ctx.sha_ctx.state, &ctx->ctx.ostate,
398 				 raw_key, raw_key_len, &sha256_iv);
399 	ctx->ctx.sha_ctx.bytecount = SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE;
400 }
401 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha256_init_usingrawkey);
402 
403 static void __hmac_sha256_final(struct __hmac_sha256_ctx *ctx,
404 				u8 *out, size_t digest_size)
405 {
406 	/* Generate the padded input for the outer hash in ctx->sha_ctx.buf. */
407 	__sha256_final(&ctx->sha_ctx, ctx->sha_ctx.buf, digest_size);
408 	memset(&ctx->sha_ctx.buf[digest_size], 0,
409 	       SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE - digest_size);
410 	ctx->sha_ctx.buf[digest_size] = 0x80;
411 	*(__be32 *)&ctx->sha_ctx.buf[SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE - 4] =
412 		cpu_to_be32(8 * (SHA256_BLOCK_SIZE + digest_size));
413 
414 	/* Compute the outer hash, which gives the HMAC value. */
415 	sha256_blocks(&ctx->ostate, ctx->sha_ctx.buf, 1);
416 	for (size_t i = 0; i < digest_size; i += 4)
417 		put_unaligned_be32(ctx->ostate.h[i / 4], out + i);
418 
419 	memzero_explicit(ctx, sizeof(*ctx));
420 }
421 
422 void hmac_sha224_final(struct hmac_sha224_ctx *ctx,
423 		       u8 out[SHA224_DIGEST_SIZE])
424 {
425 	__hmac_sha256_final(&ctx->ctx, out, SHA224_DIGEST_SIZE);
426 }
427 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha224_final);
428 
429 void hmac_sha256_final(struct hmac_sha256_ctx *ctx,
430 		       u8 out[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
431 {
432 	__hmac_sha256_final(&ctx->ctx, out, SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE);
433 }
434 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha256_final);
435 
436 void hmac_sha224(const struct hmac_sha224_key *key,
437 		 const u8 *data, size_t data_len, u8 out[SHA224_DIGEST_SIZE])
438 {
439 	struct hmac_sha224_ctx ctx;
440 
441 	hmac_sha224_init(&ctx, key);
442 	hmac_sha224_update(&ctx, data, data_len);
443 	hmac_sha224_final(&ctx, out);
444 }
445 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha224);
446 
447 void hmac_sha256(const struct hmac_sha256_key *key,
448 		 const u8 *data, size_t data_len, u8 out[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
449 {
450 	struct hmac_sha256_ctx ctx;
451 
452 	hmac_sha256_init(&ctx, key);
453 	hmac_sha256_update(&ctx, data, data_len);
454 	hmac_sha256_final(&ctx, out);
455 }
456 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha256);
457 
458 void hmac_sha224_usingrawkey(const u8 *raw_key, size_t raw_key_len,
459 			     const u8 *data, size_t data_len,
460 			     u8 out[SHA224_DIGEST_SIZE])
461 {
462 	struct hmac_sha224_ctx ctx;
463 
464 	hmac_sha224_init_usingrawkey(&ctx, raw_key, raw_key_len);
465 	hmac_sha224_update(&ctx, data, data_len);
466 	hmac_sha224_final(&ctx, out);
467 }
468 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha224_usingrawkey);
469 
470 void hmac_sha256_usingrawkey(const u8 *raw_key, size_t raw_key_len,
471 			     const u8 *data, size_t data_len,
472 			     u8 out[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE])
473 {
474 	struct hmac_sha256_ctx ctx;
475 
476 	hmac_sha256_init_usingrawkey(&ctx, raw_key, raw_key_len);
477 	hmac_sha256_update(&ctx, data, data_len);
478 	hmac_sha256_final(&ctx, out);
479 }
480 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(hmac_sha256_usingrawkey);
481 
482 #if defined(sha256_mod_init_arch) || defined(CONFIG_CRYPTO_FIPS)
483 static int __init sha256_mod_init(void)
484 {
485 #ifdef sha256_mod_init_arch
486 	sha256_mod_init_arch();
487 #endif
488 	if (fips_enabled) {
489 		/*
490 		 * FIPS cryptographic algorithm self-test.  As per the FIPS
491 		 * Implementation Guidance, testing HMAC-SHA256 satisfies the
492 		 * test requirement for SHA-224, SHA-256, and HMAC-SHA224 too.
493 		 */
494 		u8 mac[SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE];
495 
496 		hmac_sha256_usingrawkey(fips_test_key, sizeof(fips_test_key),
497 					fips_test_data, sizeof(fips_test_data),
498 					mac);
499 		if (memcmp(fips_test_hmac_sha256_value, mac, sizeof(mac)) != 0)
500 			panic("sha256: FIPS self-test failed\n");
501 	}
502 	return 0;
503 }
504 subsys_initcall(sha256_mod_init);
505 
506 static void __exit sha256_mod_exit(void)
507 {
508 }
509 module_exit(sha256_mod_exit);
510 #endif
511 
512 #endif /* !__DISABLE_EXPORTS */
513 
514 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("SHA-224, SHA-256, HMAC-SHA224, and HMAC-SHA256 library functions");
515 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
516