xref: /linux/kernel/trace/trace_kprobe.c (revision 607bfbd7ffc60156ae0831c917497dc91a57dd8d)
1 /*
2  * Kprobes-based tracing events
3  *
4  * Created by Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>
5  *
6  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
9  *
10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
14  *
15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
17  * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
18  */
19 
20 #include <linux/module.h>
21 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
22 
23 #include "trace_probe.h"
24 
25 #define KPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM "kprobes"
26 
27 /**
28  * Kprobe event core functions
29  */
30 struct trace_kprobe {
31 	struct list_head	list;
32 	struct kretprobe	rp;	/* Use rp.kp for kprobe use */
33 	unsigned long __percpu *nhit;
34 	const char		*symbol;	/* symbol name */
35 	struct trace_probe	tp;
36 };
37 
38 #define SIZEOF_TRACE_KPROBE(n)				\
39 	(offsetof(struct trace_kprobe, tp.args) +	\
40 	(sizeof(struct probe_arg) * (n)))
41 
42 
43 static nokprobe_inline bool trace_kprobe_is_return(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
44 {
45 	return tk->rp.handler != NULL;
46 }
47 
48 static nokprobe_inline const char *trace_kprobe_symbol(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
49 {
50 	return tk->symbol ? tk->symbol : "unknown";
51 }
52 
53 static nokprobe_inline unsigned long trace_kprobe_offset(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
54 {
55 	return tk->rp.kp.offset;
56 }
57 
58 static nokprobe_inline bool trace_kprobe_has_gone(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
59 {
60 	return !!(kprobe_gone(&tk->rp.kp));
61 }
62 
63 static nokprobe_inline bool trace_kprobe_within_module(struct trace_kprobe *tk,
64 						 struct module *mod)
65 {
66 	int len = strlen(mod->name);
67 	const char *name = trace_kprobe_symbol(tk);
68 	return strncmp(mod->name, name, len) == 0 && name[len] == ':';
69 }
70 
71 static nokprobe_inline bool trace_kprobe_is_on_module(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
72 {
73 	return !!strchr(trace_kprobe_symbol(tk), ':');
74 }
75 
76 static int register_kprobe_event(struct trace_kprobe *tk);
77 static int unregister_kprobe_event(struct trace_kprobe *tk);
78 
79 static DEFINE_MUTEX(probe_lock);
80 static LIST_HEAD(probe_list);
81 
82 static int kprobe_dispatcher(struct kprobe *kp, struct pt_regs *regs);
83 static int kretprobe_dispatcher(struct kretprobe_instance *ri,
84 				struct pt_regs *regs);
85 
86 /* Memory fetching by symbol */
87 struct symbol_cache {
88 	char		*symbol;
89 	long		offset;
90 	unsigned long	addr;
91 };
92 
93 unsigned long update_symbol_cache(struct symbol_cache *sc)
94 {
95 	sc->addr = (unsigned long)kallsyms_lookup_name(sc->symbol);
96 
97 	if (sc->addr)
98 		sc->addr += sc->offset;
99 
100 	return sc->addr;
101 }
102 
103 void free_symbol_cache(struct symbol_cache *sc)
104 {
105 	kfree(sc->symbol);
106 	kfree(sc);
107 }
108 
109 struct symbol_cache *alloc_symbol_cache(const char *sym, long offset)
110 {
111 	struct symbol_cache *sc;
112 
113 	if (!sym || strlen(sym) == 0)
114 		return NULL;
115 
116 	sc = kzalloc(sizeof(struct symbol_cache), GFP_KERNEL);
117 	if (!sc)
118 		return NULL;
119 
120 	sc->symbol = kstrdup(sym, GFP_KERNEL);
121 	if (!sc->symbol) {
122 		kfree(sc);
123 		return NULL;
124 	}
125 	sc->offset = offset;
126 	update_symbol_cache(sc);
127 
128 	return sc;
129 }
130 
131 /*
132  * Kprobes-specific fetch functions
133  */
134 #define DEFINE_FETCH_stack(type)					\
135 static void FETCH_FUNC_NAME(stack, type)(struct pt_regs *regs,		\
136 					  void *offset, void *dest)	\
137 {									\
138 	*(type *)dest = (type)regs_get_kernel_stack_nth(regs,		\
139 				(unsigned int)((unsigned long)offset));	\
140 }									\
141 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(FETCH_FUNC_NAME(stack, type));
142 
143 DEFINE_BASIC_FETCH_FUNCS(stack)
144 /* No string on the stack entry */
145 #define fetch_stack_string	NULL
146 #define fetch_stack_string_size	NULL
147 
148 #define DEFINE_FETCH_memory(type)					\
149 static void FETCH_FUNC_NAME(memory, type)(struct pt_regs *regs,		\
150 					  void *addr, void *dest)	\
151 {									\
152 	type retval;							\
153 	if (probe_kernel_address(addr, retval))				\
154 		*(type *)dest = 0;					\
155 	else								\
156 		*(type *)dest = retval;					\
157 }									\
158 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(FETCH_FUNC_NAME(memory, type));
159 
160 DEFINE_BASIC_FETCH_FUNCS(memory)
161 /*
162  * Fetch a null-terminated string. Caller MUST set *(u32 *)dest with max
163  * length and relative data location.
164  */
165 static void FETCH_FUNC_NAME(memory, string)(struct pt_regs *regs,
166 					    void *addr, void *dest)
167 {
168 	int maxlen = get_rloc_len(*(u32 *)dest);
169 	u8 *dst = get_rloc_data(dest);
170 	long ret;
171 
172 	if (!maxlen)
173 		return;
174 
175 	/*
176 	 * Try to get string again, since the string can be changed while
177 	 * probing.
178 	 */
179 	ret = strncpy_from_unsafe(dst, addr, maxlen);
180 
181 	if (ret < 0) {	/* Failed to fetch string */
182 		dst[0] = '\0';
183 		*(u32 *)dest = make_data_rloc(0, get_rloc_offs(*(u32 *)dest));
184 	} else {
185 		*(u32 *)dest = make_data_rloc(ret, get_rloc_offs(*(u32 *)dest));
186 	}
187 }
188 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(FETCH_FUNC_NAME(memory, string));
189 
190 /* Return the length of string -- including null terminal byte */
191 static void FETCH_FUNC_NAME(memory, string_size)(struct pt_regs *regs,
192 						 void *addr, void *dest)
193 {
194 	mm_segment_t old_fs;
195 	int ret, len = 0;
196 	u8 c;
197 
198 	old_fs = get_fs();
199 	set_fs(KERNEL_DS);
200 	pagefault_disable();
201 
202 	do {
203 		ret = __copy_from_user_inatomic(&c, (u8 *)addr + len, 1);
204 		len++;
205 	} while (c && ret == 0 && len < MAX_STRING_SIZE);
206 
207 	pagefault_enable();
208 	set_fs(old_fs);
209 
210 	if (ret < 0)	/* Failed to check the length */
211 		*(u32 *)dest = 0;
212 	else
213 		*(u32 *)dest = len;
214 }
215 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(FETCH_FUNC_NAME(memory, string_size));
216 
217 #define DEFINE_FETCH_symbol(type)					\
218 void FETCH_FUNC_NAME(symbol, type)(struct pt_regs *regs, void *data, void *dest)\
219 {									\
220 	struct symbol_cache *sc = data;					\
221 	if (sc->addr)							\
222 		fetch_memory_##type(regs, (void *)sc->addr, dest);	\
223 	else								\
224 		*(type *)dest = 0;					\
225 }									\
226 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(FETCH_FUNC_NAME(symbol, type));
227 
228 DEFINE_BASIC_FETCH_FUNCS(symbol)
229 DEFINE_FETCH_symbol(string)
230 DEFINE_FETCH_symbol(string_size)
231 
232 /* kprobes don't support file_offset fetch methods */
233 #define fetch_file_offset_u8		NULL
234 #define fetch_file_offset_u16		NULL
235 #define fetch_file_offset_u32		NULL
236 #define fetch_file_offset_u64		NULL
237 #define fetch_file_offset_string	NULL
238 #define fetch_file_offset_string_size	NULL
239 
240 /* Fetch type information table */
241 static const struct fetch_type kprobes_fetch_type_table[] = {
242 	/* Special types */
243 	[FETCH_TYPE_STRING] = __ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE("string", string, string,
244 					sizeof(u32), 1, "__data_loc char[]"),
245 	[FETCH_TYPE_STRSIZE] = __ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE("string_size", u32,
246 					string_size, sizeof(u32), 0, "u32"),
247 	/* Basic types */
248 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(u8,  u8,  0),
249 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(u16, u16, 0),
250 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(u32, u32, 0),
251 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(u64, u64, 0),
252 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(s8,  u8,  1),
253 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(s16, u16, 1),
254 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(s32, u32, 1),
255 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE(s64, u64, 1),
256 
257 	ASSIGN_FETCH_TYPE_END
258 };
259 
260 /*
261  * Allocate new trace_probe and initialize it (including kprobes).
262  */
263 static struct trace_kprobe *alloc_trace_kprobe(const char *group,
264 					     const char *event,
265 					     void *addr,
266 					     const char *symbol,
267 					     unsigned long offs,
268 					     int nargs, bool is_return)
269 {
270 	struct trace_kprobe *tk;
271 	int ret = -ENOMEM;
272 
273 	tk = kzalloc(SIZEOF_TRACE_KPROBE(nargs), GFP_KERNEL);
274 	if (!tk)
275 		return ERR_PTR(ret);
276 
277 	tk->nhit = alloc_percpu(unsigned long);
278 	if (!tk->nhit)
279 		goto error;
280 
281 	if (symbol) {
282 		tk->symbol = kstrdup(symbol, GFP_KERNEL);
283 		if (!tk->symbol)
284 			goto error;
285 		tk->rp.kp.symbol_name = tk->symbol;
286 		tk->rp.kp.offset = offs;
287 	} else
288 		tk->rp.kp.addr = addr;
289 
290 	if (is_return)
291 		tk->rp.handler = kretprobe_dispatcher;
292 	else
293 		tk->rp.kp.pre_handler = kprobe_dispatcher;
294 
295 	if (!event || !is_good_name(event)) {
296 		ret = -EINVAL;
297 		goto error;
298 	}
299 
300 	tk->tp.call.class = &tk->tp.class;
301 	tk->tp.call.name = kstrdup(event, GFP_KERNEL);
302 	if (!tk->tp.call.name)
303 		goto error;
304 
305 	if (!group || !is_good_name(group)) {
306 		ret = -EINVAL;
307 		goto error;
308 	}
309 
310 	tk->tp.class.system = kstrdup(group, GFP_KERNEL);
311 	if (!tk->tp.class.system)
312 		goto error;
313 
314 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tk->list);
315 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tk->tp.files);
316 	return tk;
317 error:
318 	kfree(tk->tp.call.name);
319 	kfree(tk->symbol);
320 	free_percpu(tk->nhit);
321 	kfree(tk);
322 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
323 }
324 
325 static void free_trace_kprobe(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
326 {
327 	int i;
328 
329 	for (i = 0; i < tk->tp.nr_args; i++)
330 		traceprobe_free_probe_arg(&tk->tp.args[i]);
331 
332 	kfree(tk->tp.call.class->system);
333 	kfree(tk->tp.call.name);
334 	kfree(tk->symbol);
335 	free_percpu(tk->nhit);
336 	kfree(tk);
337 }
338 
339 static struct trace_kprobe *find_trace_kprobe(const char *event,
340 					      const char *group)
341 {
342 	struct trace_kprobe *tk;
343 
344 	list_for_each_entry(tk, &probe_list, list)
345 		if (strcmp(trace_event_name(&tk->tp.call), event) == 0 &&
346 		    strcmp(tk->tp.call.class->system, group) == 0)
347 			return tk;
348 	return NULL;
349 }
350 
351 /*
352  * Enable trace_probe
353  * if the file is NULL, enable "perf" handler, or enable "trace" handler.
354  */
355 static int
356 enable_trace_kprobe(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct trace_event_file *file)
357 {
358 	int ret = 0;
359 
360 	if (file) {
361 		struct event_file_link *link;
362 
363 		link = kmalloc(sizeof(*link), GFP_KERNEL);
364 		if (!link) {
365 			ret = -ENOMEM;
366 			goto out;
367 		}
368 
369 		link->file = file;
370 		list_add_tail_rcu(&link->list, &tk->tp.files);
371 
372 		tk->tp.flags |= TP_FLAG_TRACE;
373 	} else
374 		tk->tp.flags |= TP_FLAG_PROFILE;
375 
376 	if (trace_probe_is_registered(&tk->tp) && !trace_kprobe_has_gone(tk)) {
377 		if (trace_kprobe_is_return(tk))
378 			ret = enable_kretprobe(&tk->rp);
379 		else
380 			ret = enable_kprobe(&tk->rp.kp);
381 	}
382  out:
383 	return ret;
384 }
385 
386 /*
387  * Disable trace_probe
388  * if the file is NULL, disable "perf" handler, or disable "trace" handler.
389  */
390 static int
391 disable_trace_kprobe(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct trace_event_file *file)
392 {
393 	struct event_file_link *link = NULL;
394 	int wait = 0;
395 	int ret = 0;
396 
397 	if (file) {
398 		link = find_event_file_link(&tk->tp, file);
399 		if (!link) {
400 			ret = -EINVAL;
401 			goto out;
402 		}
403 
404 		list_del_rcu(&link->list);
405 		wait = 1;
406 		if (!list_empty(&tk->tp.files))
407 			goto out;
408 
409 		tk->tp.flags &= ~TP_FLAG_TRACE;
410 	} else
411 		tk->tp.flags &= ~TP_FLAG_PROFILE;
412 
413 	if (!trace_probe_is_enabled(&tk->tp) && trace_probe_is_registered(&tk->tp)) {
414 		if (trace_kprobe_is_return(tk))
415 			disable_kretprobe(&tk->rp);
416 		else
417 			disable_kprobe(&tk->rp.kp);
418 		wait = 1;
419 	}
420  out:
421 	if (wait) {
422 		/*
423 		 * Synchronize with kprobe_trace_func/kretprobe_trace_func
424 		 * to ensure disabled (all running handlers are finished).
425 		 * This is not only for kfree(), but also the caller,
426 		 * trace_remove_event_call() supposes it for releasing
427 		 * event_call related objects, which will be accessed in
428 		 * the kprobe_trace_func/kretprobe_trace_func.
429 		 */
430 		synchronize_sched();
431 		kfree(link);	/* Ignored if link == NULL */
432 	}
433 
434 	return ret;
435 }
436 
437 /* Internal register function - just handle k*probes and flags */
438 static int __register_trace_kprobe(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
439 {
440 	int i, ret;
441 
442 	if (trace_probe_is_registered(&tk->tp))
443 		return -EINVAL;
444 
445 	for (i = 0; i < tk->tp.nr_args; i++)
446 		traceprobe_update_arg(&tk->tp.args[i]);
447 
448 	/* Set/clear disabled flag according to tp->flag */
449 	if (trace_probe_is_enabled(&tk->tp))
450 		tk->rp.kp.flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
451 	else
452 		tk->rp.kp.flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED;
453 
454 	if (trace_kprobe_is_return(tk))
455 		ret = register_kretprobe(&tk->rp);
456 	else
457 		ret = register_kprobe(&tk->rp.kp);
458 
459 	if (ret == 0)
460 		tk->tp.flags |= TP_FLAG_REGISTERED;
461 	else {
462 		pr_warning("Could not insert probe at %s+%lu: %d\n",
463 			   trace_kprobe_symbol(tk), trace_kprobe_offset(tk), ret);
464 		if (ret == -ENOENT && trace_kprobe_is_on_module(tk)) {
465 			pr_warning("This probe might be able to register after"
466 				   "target module is loaded. Continue.\n");
467 			ret = 0;
468 		} else if (ret == -EILSEQ) {
469 			pr_warning("Probing address(0x%p) is not an "
470 				   "instruction boundary.\n",
471 				   tk->rp.kp.addr);
472 			ret = -EINVAL;
473 		}
474 	}
475 
476 	return ret;
477 }
478 
479 /* Internal unregister function - just handle k*probes and flags */
480 static void __unregister_trace_kprobe(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
481 {
482 	if (trace_probe_is_registered(&tk->tp)) {
483 		if (trace_kprobe_is_return(tk))
484 			unregister_kretprobe(&tk->rp);
485 		else
486 			unregister_kprobe(&tk->rp.kp);
487 		tk->tp.flags &= ~TP_FLAG_REGISTERED;
488 		/* Cleanup kprobe for reuse */
489 		if (tk->rp.kp.symbol_name)
490 			tk->rp.kp.addr = NULL;
491 	}
492 }
493 
494 /* Unregister a trace_probe and probe_event: call with locking probe_lock */
495 static int unregister_trace_kprobe(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
496 {
497 	/* Enabled event can not be unregistered */
498 	if (trace_probe_is_enabled(&tk->tp))
499 		return -EBUSY;
500 
501 	/* Will fail if probe is being used by ftrace or perf */
502 	if (unregister_kprobe_event(tk))
503 		return -EBUSY;
504 
505 	__unregister_trace_kprobe(tk);
506 	list_del(&tk->list);
507 
508 	return 0;
509 }
510 
511 /* Register a trace_probe and probe_event */
512 static int register_trace_kprobe(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
513 {
514 	struct trace_kprobe *old_tk;
515 	int ret;
516 
517 	mutex_lock(&probe_lock);
518 
519 	/* Delete old (same name) event if exist */
520 	old_tk = find_trace_kprobe(trace_event_name(&tk->tp.call),
521 			tk->tp.call.class->system);
522 	if (old_tk) {
523 		ret = unregister_trace_kprobe(old_tk);
524 		if (ret < 0)
525 			goto end;
526 		free_trace_kprobe(old_tk);
527 	}
528 
529 	/* Register new event */
530 	ret = register_kprobe_event(tk);
531 	if (ret) {
532 		pr_warning("Failed to register probe event(%d)\n", ret);
533 		goto end;
534 	}
535 
536 	/* Register k*probe */
537 	ret = __register_trace_kprobe(tk);
538 	if (ret < 0)
539 		unregister_kprobe_event(tk);
540 	else
541 		list_add_tail(&tk->list, &probe_list);
542 
543 end:
544 	mutex_unlock(&probe_lock);
545 	return ret;
546 }
547 
548 /* Module notifier call back, checking event on the module */
549 static int trace_kprobe_module_callback(struct notifier_block *nb,
550 				       unsigned long val, void *data)
551 {
552 	struct module *mod = data;
553 	struct trace_kprobe *tk;
554 	int ret;
555 
556 	if (val != MODULE_STATE_COMING)
557 		return NOTIFY_DONE;
558 
559 	/* Update probes on coming module */
560 	mutex_lock(&probe_lock);
561 	list_for_each_entry(tk, &probe_list, list) {
562 		if (trace_kprobe_within_module(tk, mod)) {
563 			/* Don't need to check busy - this should have gone. */
564 			__unregister_trace_kprobe(tk);
565 			ret = __register_trace_kprobe(tk);
566 			if (ret)
567 				pr_warning("Failed to re-register probe %s on"
568 					   "%s: %d\n",
569 					   trace_event_name(&tk->tp.call),
570 					   mod->name, ret);
571 		}
572 	}
573 	mutex_unlock(&probe_lock);
574 
575 	return NOTIFY_DONE;
576 }
577 
578 static struct notifier_block trace_kprobe_module_nb = {
579 	.notifier_call = trace_kprobe_module_callback,
580 	.priority = 1	/* Invoked after kprobe module callback */
581 };
582 
583 static int create_trace_kprobe(int argc, char **argv)
584 {
585 	/*
586 	 * Argument syntax:
587 	 *  - Add kprobe: p[:[GRP/]EVENT] [MOD:]KSYM[+OFFS]|KADDR [FETCHARGS]
588 	 *  - Add kretprobe: r[:[GRP/]EVENT] [MOD:]KSYM[+0] [FETCHARGS]
589 	 * Fetch args:
590 	 *  $retval	: fetch return value
591 	 *  $stack	: fetch stack address
592 	 *  $stackN	: fetch Nth of stack (N:0-)
593 	 *  @ADDR	: fetch memory at ADDR (ADDR should be in kernel)
594 	 *  @SYM[+|-offs] : fetch memory at SYM +|- offs (SYM is a data symbol)
595 	 *  %REG	: fetch register REG
596 	 * Dereferencing memory fetch:
597 	 *  +|-offs(ARG) : fetch memory at ARG +|- offs address.
598 	 * Alias name of args:
599 	 *  NAME=FETCHARG : set NAME as alias of FETCHARG.
600 	 * Type of args:
601 	 *  FETCHARG:TYPE : use TYPE instead of unsigned long.
602 	 */
603 	struct trace_kprobe *tk;
604 	int i, ret = 0;
605 	bool is_return = false, is_delete = false;
606 	char *symbol = NULL, *event = NULL, *group = NULL;
607 	char *arg;
608 	unsigned long offset = 0;
609 	void *addr = NULL;
610 	char buf[MAX_EVENT_NAME_LEN];
611 
612 	/* argc must be >= 1 */
613 	if (argv[0][0] == 'p')
614 		is_return = false;
615 	else if (argv[0][0] == 'r')
616 		is_return = true;
617 	else if (argv[0][0] == '-')
618 		is_delete = true;
619 	else {
620 		pr_info("Probe definition must be started with 'p', 'r' or"
621 			" '-'.\n");
622 		return -EINVAL;
623 	}
624 
625 	if (argv[0][1] == ':') {
626 		event = &argv[0][2];
627 		if (strchr(event, '/')) {
628 			group = event;
629 			event = strchr(group, '/') + 1;
630 			event[-1] = '\0';
631 			if (strlen(group) == 0) {
632 				pr_info("Group name is not specified\n");
633 				return -EINVAL;
634 			}
635 		}
636 		if (strlen(event) == 0) {
637 			pr_info("Event name is not specified\n");
638 			return -EINVAL;
639 		}
640 	}
641 	if (!group)
642 		group = KPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM;
643 
644 	if (is_delete) {
645 		if (!event) {
646 			pr_info("Delete command needs an event name.\n");
647 			return -EINVAL;
648 		}
649 		mutex_lock(&probe_lock);
650 		tk = find_trace_kprobe(event, group);
651 		if (!tk) {
652 			mutex_unlock(&probe_lock);
653 			pr_info("Event %s/%s doesn't exist.\n", group, event);
654 			return -ENOENT;
655 		}
656 		/* delete an event */
657 		ret = unregister_trace_kprobe(tk);
658 		if (ret == 0)
659 			free_trace_kprobe(tk);
660 		mutex_unlock(&probe_lock);
661 		return ret;
662 	}
663 
664 	if (argc < 2) {
665 		pr_info("Probe point is not specified.\n");
666 		return -EINVAL;
667 	}
668 	if (isdigit(argv[1][0])) {
669 		if (is_return) {
670 			pr_info("Return probe point must be a symbol.\n");
671 			return -EINVAL;
672 		}
673 		/* an address specified */
674 		ret = kstrtoul(&argv[1][0], 0, (unsigned long *)&addr);
675 		if (ret) {
676 			pr_info("Failed to parse address.\n");
677 			return ret;
678 		}
679 	} else {
680 		/* a symbol specified */
681 		symbol = argv[1];
682 		/* TODO: support .init module functions */
683 		ret = traceprobe_split_symbol_offset(symbol, &offset);
684 		if (ret) {
685 			pr_info("Failed to parse symbol.\n");
686 			return ret;
687 		}
688 		if (offset && is_return) {
689 			pr_info("Return probe must be used without offset.\n");
690 			return -EINVAL;
691 		}
692 	}
693 	argc -= 2; argv += 2;
694 
695 	/* setup a probe */
696 	if (!event) {
697 		/* Make a new event name */
698 		if (symbol)
699 			snprintf(buf, MAX_EVENT_NAME_LEN, "%c_%s_%ld",
700 				 is_return ? 'r' : 'p', symbol, offset);
701 		else
702 			snprintf(buf, MAX_EVENT_NAME_LEN, "%c_0x%p",
703 				 is_return ? 'r' : 'p', addr);
704 		event = buf;
705 	}
706 	tk = alloc_trace_kprobe(group, event, addr, symbol, offset, argc,
707 			       is_return);
708 	if (IS_ERR(tk)) {
709 		pr_info("Failed to allocate trace_probe.(%d)\n",
710 			(int)PTR_ERR(tk));
711 		return PTR_ERR(tk);
712 	}
713 
714 	/* parse arguments */
715 	ret = 0;
716 	for (i = 0; i < argc && i < MAX_TRACE_ARGS; i++) {
717 		struct probe_arg *parg = &tk->tp.args[i];
718 
719 		/* Increment count for freeing args in error case */
720 		tk->tp.nr_args++;
721 
722 		/* Parse argument name */
723 		arg = strchr(argv[i], '=');
724 		if (arg) {
725 			*arg++ = '\0';
726 			parg->name = kstrdup(argv[i], GFP_KERNEL);
727 		} else {
728 			arg = argv[i];
729 			/* If argument name is omitted, set "argN" */
730 			snprintf(buf, MAX_EVENT_NAME_LEN, "arg%d", i + 1);
731 			parg->name = kstrdup(buf, GFP_KERNEL);
732 		}
733 
734 		if (!parg->name) {
735 			pr_info("Failed to allocate argument[%d] name.\n", i);
736 			ret = -ENOMEM;
737 			goto error;
738 		}
739 
740 		if (!is_good_name(parg->name)) {
741 			pr_info("Invalid argument[%d] name: %s\n",
742 				i, parg->name);
743 			ret = -EINVAL;
744 			goto error;
745 		}
746 
747 		if (traceprobe_conflict_field_name(parg->name,
748 							tk->tp.args, i)) {
749 			pr_info("Argument[%d] name '%s' conflicts with "
750 				"another field.\n", i, argv[i]);
751 			ret = -EINVAL;
752 			goto error;
753 		}
754 
755 		/* Parse fetch argument */
756 		ret = traceprobe_parse_probe_arg(arg, &tk->tp.size, parg,
757 						is_return, true,
758 						kprobes_fetch_type_table);
759 		if (ret) {
760 			pr_info("Parse error at argument[%d]. (%d)\n", i, ret);
761 			goto error;
762 		}
763 	}
764 
765 	ret = register_trace_kprobe(tk);
766 	if (ret)
767 		goto error;
768 	return 0;
769 
770 error:
771 	free_trace_kprobe(tk);
772 	return ret;
773 }
774 
775 static int release_all_trace_kprobes(void)
776 {
777 	struct trace_kprobe *tk;
778 	int ret = 0;
779 
780 	mutex_lock(&probe_lock);
781 	/* Ensure no probe is in use. */
782 	list_for_each_entry(tk, &probe_list, list)
783 		if (trace_probe_is_enabled(&tk->tp)) {
784 			ret = -EBUSY;
785 			goto end;
786 		}
787 	/* TODO: Use batch unregistration */
788 	while (!list_empty(&probe_list)) {
789 		tk = list_entry(probe_list.next, struct trace_kprobe, list);
790 		ret = unregister_trace_kprobe(tk);
791 		if (ret)
792 			goto end;
793 		free_trace_kprobe(tk);
794 	}
795 
796 end:
797 	mutex_unlock(&probe_lock);
798 
799 	return ret;
800 }
801 
802 /* Probes listing interfaces */
803 static void *probes_seq_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
804 {
805 	mutex_lock(&probe_lock);
806 	return seq_list_start(&probe_list, *pos);
807 }
808 
809 static void *probes_seq_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *pos)
810 {
811 	return seq_list_next(v, &probe_list, pos);
812 }
813 
814 static void probes_seq_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
815 {
816 	mutex_unlock(&probe_lock);
817 }
818 
819 static int probes_seq_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
820 {
821 	struct trace_kprobe *tk = v;
822 	int i;
823 
824 	seq_putc(m, trace_kprobe_is_return(tk) ? 'r' : 'p');
825 	seq_printf(m, ":%s/%s", tk->tp.call.class->system,
826 			trace_event_name(&tk->tp.call));
827 
828 	if (!tk->symbol)
829 		seq_printf(m, " 0x%p", tk->rp.kp.addr);
830 	else if (tk->rp.kp.offset)
831 		seq_printf(m, " %s+%u", trace_kprobe_symbol(tk),
832 			   tk->rp.kp.offset);
833 	else
834 		seq_printf(m, " %s", trace_kprobe_symbol(tk));
835 
836 	for (i = 0; i < tk->tp.nr_args; i++)
837 		seq_printf(m, " %s=%s", tk->tp.args[i].name, tk->tp.args[i].comm);
838 	seq_putc(m, '\n');
839 
840 	return 0;
841 }
842 
843 static const struct seq_operations probes_seq_op = {
844 	.start  = probes_seq_start,
845 	.next   = probes_seq_next,
846 	.stop   = probes_seq_stop,
847 	.show   = probes_seq_show
848 };
849 
850 static int probes_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
851 {
852 	int ret;
853 
854 	if ((file->f_mode & FMODE_WRITE) && (file->f_flags & O_TRUNC)) {
855 		ret = release_all_trace_kprobes();
856 		if (ret < 0)
857 			return ret;
858 	}
859 
860 	return seq_open(file, &probes_seq_op);
861 }
862 
863 static ssize_t probes_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buffer,
864 			    size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
865 {
866 	return traceprobe_probes_write(file, buffer, count, ppos,
867 			create_trace_kprobe);
868 }
869 
870 static const struct file_operations kprobe_events_ops = {
871 	.owner          = THIS_MODULE,
872 	.open           = probes_open,
873 	.read           = seq_read,
874 	.llseek         = seq_lseek,
875 	.release        = seq_release,
876 	.write		= probes_write,
877 };
878 
879 /* Probes profiling interfaces */
880 static int probes_profile_seq_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
881 {
882 	struct trace_kprobe *tk = v;
883 	unsigned long nhit = 0;
884 	int cpu;
885 
886 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
887 		nhit += *per_cpu_ptr(tk->nhit, cpu);
888 
889 	seq_printf(m, "  %-44s %15lu %15lu\n",
890 		   trace_event_name(&tk->tp.call), nhit,
891 		   tk->rp.kp.nmissed);
892 
893 	return 0;
894 }
895 
896 static const struct seq_operations profile_seq_op = {
897 	.start  = probes_seq_start,
898 	.next   = probes_seq_next,
899 	.stop   = probes_seq_stop,
900 	.show   = probes_profile_seq_show
901 };
902 
903 static int profile_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
904 {
905 	return seq_open(file, &profile_seq_op);
906 }
907 
908 static const struct file_operations kprobe_profile_ops = {
909 	.owner          = THIS_MODULE,
910 	.open           = profile_open,
911 	.read           = seq_read,
912 	.llseek         = seq_lseek,
913 	.release        = seq_release,
914 };
915 
916 /* Kprobe handler */
917 static nokprobe_inline void
918 __kprobe_trace_func(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct pt_regs *regs,
919 		    struct trace_event_file *trace_file)
920 {
921 	struct kprobe_trace_entry_head *entry;
922 	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
923 	struct ring_buffer *buffer;
924 	int size, dsize, pc;
925 	unsigned long irq_flags;
926 	struct trace_event_call *call = &tk->tp.call;
927 
928 	WARN_ON(call != trace_file->event_call);
929 
930 	if (trace_trigger_soft_disabled(trace_file))
931 		return;
932 
933 	local_save_flags(irq_flags);
934 	pc = preempt_count();
935 
936 	dsize = __get_data_size(&tk->tp, regs);
937 	size = sizeof(*entry) + tk->tp.size + dsize;
938 
939 	event = trace_event_buffer_lock_reserve(&buffer, trace_file,
940 						call->event.type,
941 						size, irq_flags, pc);
942 	if (!event)
943 		return;
944 
945 	entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
946 	entry->ip = (unsigned long)tk->rp.kp.addr;
947 	store_trace_args(sizeof(*entry), &tk->tp, regs, (u8 *)&entry[1], dsize);
948 
949 	event_trigger_unlock_commit_regs(trace_file, buffer, event,
950 					 entry, irq_flags, pc, regs);
951 }
952 
953 static void
954 kprobe_trace_func(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct pt_regs *regs)
955 {
956 	struct event_file_link *link;
957 
958 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(link, &tk->tp.files, list)
959 		__kprobe_trace_func(tk, regs, link->file);
960 }
961 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_trace_func);
962 
963 /* Kretprobe handler */
964 static nokprobe_inline void
965 __kretprobe_trace_func(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct kretprobe_instance *ri,
966 		       struct pt_regs *regs,
967 		       struct trace_event_file *trace_file)
968 {
969 	struct kretprobe_trace_entry_head *entry;
970 	struct ring_buffer_event *event;
971 	struct ring_buffer *buffer;
972 	int size, pc, dsize;
973 	unsigned long irq_flags;
974 	struct trace_event_call *call = &tk->tp.call;
975 
976 	WARN_ON(call != trace_file->event_call);
977 
978 	if (trace_trigger_soft_disabled(trace_file))
979 		return;
980 
981 	local_save_flags(irq_flags);
982 	pc = preempt_count();
983 
984 	dsize = __get_data_size(&tk->tp, regs);
985 	size = sizeof(*entry) + tk->tp.size + dsize;
986 
987 	event = trace_event_buffer_lock_reserve(&buffer, trace_file,
988 						call->event.type,
989 						size, irq_flags, pc);
990 	if (!event)
991 		return;
992 
993 	entry = ring_buffer_event_data(event);
994 	entry->func = (unsigned long)tk->rp.kp.addr;
995 	entry->ret_ip = (unsigned long)ri->ret_addr;
996 	store_trace_args(sizeof(*entry), &tk->tp, regs, (u8 *)&entry[1], dsize);
997 
998 	event_trigger_unlock_commit_regs(trace_file, buffer, event,
999 					 entry, irq_flags, pc, regs);
1000 }
1001 
1002 static void
1003 kretprobe_trace_func(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct kretprobe_instance *ri,
1004 		     struct pt_regs *regs)
1005 {
1006 	struct event_file_link *link;
1007 
1008 	list_for_each_entry_rcu(link, &tk->tp.files, list)
1009 		__kretprobe_trace_func(tk, ri, regs, link->file);
1010 }
1011 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kretprobe_trace_func);
1012 
1013 /* Event entry printers */
1014 static enum print_line_t
1015 print_kprobe_event(struct trace_iterator *iter, int flags,
1016 		   struct trace_event *event)
1017 {
1018 	struct kprobe_trace_entry_head *field;
1019 	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
1020 	struct trace_probe *tp;
1021 	u8 *data;
1022 	int i;
1023 
1024 	field = (struct kprobe_trace_entry_head *)iter->ent;
1025 	tp = container_of(event, struct trace_probe, call.event);
1026 
1027 	trace_seq_printf(s, "%s: (", trace_event_name(&tp->call));
1028 
1029 	if (!seq_print_ip_sym(s, field->ip, flags | TRACE_ITER_SYM_OFFSET))
1030 		goto out;
1031 
1032 	trace_seq_putc(s, ')');
1033 
1034 	data = (u8 *)&field[1];
1035 	for (i = 0; i < tp->nr_args; i++)
1036 		if (!tp->args[i].type->print(s, tp->args[i].name,
1037 					     data + tp->args[i].offset, field))
1038 			goto out;
1039 
1040 	trace_seq_putc(s, '\n');
1041  out:
1042 	return trace_handle_return(s);
1043 }
1044 
1045 static enum print_line_t
1046 print_kretprobe_event(struct trace_iterator *iter, int flags,
1047 		      struct trace_event *event)
1048 {
1049 	struct kretprobe_trace_entry_head *field;
1050 	struct trace_seq *s = &iter->seq;
1051 	struct trace_probe *tp;
1052 	u8 *data;
1053 	int i;
1054 
1055 	field = (struct kretprobe_trace_entry_head *)iter->ent;
1056 	tp = container_of(event, struct trace_probe, call.event);
1057 
1058 	trace_seq_printf(s, "%s: (", trace_event_name(&tp->call));
1059 
1060 	if (!seq_print_ip_sym(s, field->ret_ip, flags | TRACE_ITER_SYM_OFFSET))
1061 		goto out;
1062 
1063 	trace_seq_puts(s, " <- ");
1064 
1065 	if (!seq_print_ip_sym(s, field->func, flags & ~TRACE_ITER_SYM_OFFSET))
1066 		goto out;
1067 
1068 	trace_seq_putc(s, ')');
1069 
1070 	data = (u8 *)&field[1];
1071 	for (i = 0; i < tp->nr_args; i++)
1072 		if (!tp->args[i].type->print(s, tp->args[i].name,
1073 					     data + tp->args[i].offset, field))
1074 			goto out;
1075 
1076 	trace_seq_putc(s, '\n');
1077 
1078  out:
1079 	return trace_handle_return(s);
1080 }
1081 
1082 
1083 static int kprobe_event_define_fields(struct trace_event_call *event_call)
1084 {
1085 	int ret, i;
1086 	struct kprobe_trace_entry_head field;
1087 	struct trace_kprobe *tk = (struct trace_kprobe *)event_call->data;
1088 
1089 	DEFINE_FIELD(unsigned long, ip, FIELD_STRING_IP, 0);
1090 	/* Set argument names as fields */
1091 	for (i = 0; i < tk->tp.nr_args; i++) {
1092 		struct probe_arg *parg = &tk->tp.args[i];
1093 
1094 		ret = trace_define_field(event_call, parg->type->fmttype,
1095 					 parg->name,
1096 					 sizeof(field) + parg->offset,
1097 					 parg->type->size,
1098 					 parg->type->is_signed,
1099 					 FILTER_OTHER);
1100 		if (ret)
1101 			return ret;
1102 	}
1103 	return 0;
1104 }
1105 
1106 static int kretprobe_event_define_fields(struct trace_event_call *event_call)
1107 {
1108 	int ret, i;
1109 	struct kretprobe_trace_entry_head field;
1110 	struct trace_kprobe *tk = (struct trace_kprobe *)event_call->data;
1111 
1112 	DEFINE_FIELD(unsigned long, func, FIELD_STRING_FUNC, 0);
1113 	DEFINE_FIELD(unsigned long, ret_ip, FIELD_STRING_RETIP, 0);
1114 	/* Set argument names as fields */
1115 	for (i = 0; i < tk->tp.nr_args; i++) {
1116 		struct probe_arg *parg = &tk->tp.args[i];
1117 
1118 		ret = trace_define_field(event_call, parg->type->fmttype,
1119 					 parg->name,
1120 					 sizeof(field) + parg->offset,
1121 					 parg->type->size,
1122 					 parg->type->is_signed,
1123 					 FILTER_OTHER);
1124 		if (ret)
1125 			return ret;
1126 	}
1127 	return 0;
1128 }
1129 
1130 #ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
1131 
1132 /* Kprobe profile handler */
1133 static void
1134 kprobe_perf_func(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct pt_regs *regs)
1135 {
1136 	struct trace_event_call *call = &tk->tp.call;
1137 	struct bpf_prog *prog = call->prog;
1138 	struct kprobe_trace_entry_head *entry;
1139 	struct hlist_head *head;
1140 	int size, __size, dsize;
1141 	int rctx;
1142 
1143 	if (prog && !trace_call_bpf(prog, regs))
1144 		return;
1145 
1146 	head = this_cpu_ptr(call->perf_events);
1147 	if (hlist_empty(head))
1148 		return;
1149 
1150 	dsize = __get_data_size(&tk->tp, regs);
1151 	__size = sizeof(*entry) + tk->tp.size + dsize;
1152 	size = ALIGN(__size + sizeof(u32), sizeof(u64));
1153 	size -= sizeof(u32);
1154 
1155 	entry = perf_trace_buf_prepare(size, call->event.type, NULL, &rctx);
1156 	if (!entry)
1157 		return;
1158 
1159 	entry->ip = (unsigned long)tk->rp.kp.addr;
1160 	memset(&entry[1], 0, dsize);
1161 	store_trace_args(sizeof(*entry), &tk->tp, regs, (u8 *)&entry[1], dsize);
1162 	perf_trace_buf_submit(entry, size, rctx, 0, 1, regs, head, NULL);
1163 }
1164 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_perf_func);
1165 
1166 /* Kretprobe profile handler */
1167 static void
1168 kretprobe_perf_func(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct kretprobe_instance *ri,
1169 		    struct pt_regs *regs)
1170 {
1171 	struct trace_event_call *call = &tk->tp.call;
1172 	struct bpf_prog *prog = call->prog;
1173 	struct kretprobe_trace_entry_head *entry;
1174 	struct hlist_head *head;
1175 	int size, __size, dsize;
1176 	int rctx;
1177 
1178 	if (prog && !trace_call_bpf(prog, regs))
1179 		return;
1180 
1181 	head = this_cpu_ptr(call->perf_events);
1182 	if (hlist_empty(head))
1183 		return;
1184 
1185 	dsize = __get_data_size(&tk->tp, regs);
1186 	__size = sizeof(*entry) + tk->tp.size + dsize;
1187 	size = ALIGN(__size + sizeof(u32), sizeof(u64));
1188 	size -= sizeof(u32);
1189 
1190 	entry = perf_trace_buf_prepare(size, call->event.type, NULL, &rctx);
1191 	if (!entry)
1192 		return;
1193 
1194 	entry->func = (unsigned long)tk->rp.kp.addr;
1195 	entry->ret_ip = (unsigned long)ri->ret_addr;
1196 	store_trace_args(sizeof(*entry), &tk->tp, regs, (u8 *)&entry[1], dsize);
1197 	perf_trace_buf_submit(entry, size, rctx, 0, 1, regs, head, NULL);
1198 }
1199 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kretprobe_perf_func);
1200 #endif	/* CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS */
1201 
1202 /*
1203  * called by perf_trace_init() or __ftrace_set_clr_event() under event_mutex.
1204  *
1205  * kprobe_trace_self_tests_init() does enable_trace_probe/disable_trace_probe
1206  * lockless, but we can't race with this __init function.
1207  */
1208 static int kprobe_register(struct trace_event_call *event,
1209 			   enum trace_reg type, void *data)
1210 {
1211 	struct trace_kprobe *tk = (struct trace_kprobe *)event->data;
1212 	struct trace_event_file *file = data;
1213 
1214 	switch (type) {
1215 	case TRACE_REG_REGISTER:
1216 		return enable_trace_kprobe(tk, file);
1217 	case TRACE_REG_UNREGISTER:
1218 		return disable_trace_kprobe(tk, file);
1219 
1220 #ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
1221 	case TRACE_REG_PERF_REGISTER:
1222 		return enable_trace_kprobe(tk, NULL);
1223 	case TRACE_REG_PERF_UNREGISTER:
1224 		return disable_trace_kprobe(tk, NULL);
1225 	case TRACE_REG_PERF_OPEN:
1226 	case TRACE_REG_PERF_CLOSE:
1227 	case TRACE_REG_PERF_ADD:
1228 	case TRACE_REG_PERF_DEL:
1229 		return 0;
1230 #endif
1231 	}
1232 	return 0;
1233 }
1234 
1235 static int kprobe_dispatcher(struct kprobe *kp, struct pt_regs *regs)
1236 {
1237 	struct trace_kprobe *tk = container_of(kp, struct trace_kprobe, rp.kp);
1238 
1239 	raw_cpu_inc(*tk->nhit);
1240 
1241 	if (tk->tp.flags & TP_FLAG_TRACE)
1242 		kprobe_trace_func(tk, regs);
1243 #ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
1244 	if (tk->tp.flags & TP_FLAG_PROFILE)
1245 		kprobe_perf_func(tk, regs);
1246 #endif
1247 	return 0;	/* We don't tweek kernel, so just return 0 */
1248 }
1249 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_dispatcher);
1250 
1251 static int
1252 kretprobe_dispatcher(struct kretprobe_instance *ri, struct pt_regs *regs)
1253 {
1254 	struct trace_kprobe *tk = container_of(ri->rp, struct trace_kprobe, rp);
1255 
1256 	raw_cpu_inc(*tk->nhit);
1257 
1258 	if (tk->tp.flags & TP_FLAG_TRACE)
1259 		kretprobe_trace_func(tk, ri, regs);
1260 #ifdef CONFIG_PERF_EVENTS
1261 	if (tk->tp.flags & TP_FLAG_PROFILE)
1262 		kretprobe_perf_func(tk, ri, regs);
1263 #endif
1264 	return 0;	/* We don't tweek kernel, so just return 0 */
1265 }
1266 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kretprobe_dispatcher);
1267 
1268 static struct trace_event_functions kretprobe_funcs = {
1269 	.trace		= print_kretprobe_event
1270 };
1271 
1272 static struct trace_event_functions kprobe_funcs = {
1273 	.trace		= print_kprobe_event
1274 };
1275 
1276 static int register_kprobe_event(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
1277 {
1278 	struct trace_event_call *call = &tk->tp.call;
1279 	int ret;
1280 
1281 	/* Initialize trace_event_call */
1282 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&call->class->fields);
1283 	if (trace_kprobe_is_return(tk)) {
1284 		call->event.funcs = &kretprobe_funcs;
1285 		call->class->define_fields = kretprobe_event_define_fields;
1286 	} else {
1287 		call->event.funcs = &kprobe_funcs;
1288 		call->class->define_fields = kprobe_event_define_fields;
1289 	}
1290 	if (set_print_fmt(&tk->tp, trace_kprobe_is_return(tk)) < 0)
1291 		return -ENOMEM;
1292 	ret = register_trace_event(&call->event);
1293 	if (!ret) {
1294 		kfree(call->print_fmt);
1295 		return -ENODEV;
1296 	}
1297 	call->flags = TRACE_EVENT_FL_KPROBE;
1298 	call->class->reg = kprobe_register;
1299 	call->data = tk;
1300 	ret = trace_add_event_call(call);
1301 	if (ret) {
1302 		pr_info("Failed to register kprobe event: %s\n",
1303 			trace_event_name(call));
1304 		kfree(call->print_fmt);
1305 		unregister_trace_event(&call->event);
1306 	}
1307 	return ret;
1308 }
1309 
1310 static int unregister_kprobe_event(struct trace_kprobe *tk)
1311 {
1312 	int ret;
1313 
1314 	/* tp->event is unregistered in trace_remove_event_call() */
1315 	ret = trace_remove_event_call(&tk->tp.call);
1316 	if (!ret)
1317 		kfree(tk->tp.call.print_fmt);
1318 	return ret;
1319 }
1320 
1321 /* Make a tracefs interface for controlling probe points */
1322 static __init int init_kprobe_trace(void)
1323 {
1324 	struct dentry *d_tracer;
1325 	struct dentry *entry;
1326 
1327 	if (register_module_notifier(&trace_kprobe_module_nb))
1328 		return -EINVAL;
1329 
1330 	d_tracer = tracing_init_dentry();
1331 	if (IS_ERR(d_tracer))
1332 		return 0;
1333 
1334 	entry = tracefs_create_file("kprobe_events", 0644, d_tracer,
1335 				    NULL, &kprobe_events_ops);
1336 
1337 	/* Event list interface */
1338 	if (!entry)
1339 		pr_warning("Could not create tracefs "
1340 			   "'kprobe_events' entry\n");
1341 
1342 	/* Profile interface */
1343 	entry = tracefs_create_file("kprobe_profile", 0444, d_tracer,
1344 				    NULL, &kprobe_profile_ops);
1345 
1346 	if (!entry)
1347 		pr_warning("Could not create tracefs "
1348 			   "'kprobe_profile' entry\n");
1349 	return 0;
1350 }
1351 fs_initcall(init_kprobe_trace);
1352 
1353 
1354 #ifdef CONFIG_FTRACE_STARTUP_TEST
1355 
1356 /*
1357  * The "__used" keeps gcc from removing the function symbol
1358  * from the kallsyms table.
1359  */
1360 static __used int kprobe_trace_selftest_target(int a1, int a2, int a3,
1361 					       int a4, int a5, int a6)
1362 {
1363 	return a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5 + a6;
1364 }
1365 
1366 static struct trace_event_file *
1367 find_trace_probe_file(struct trace_kprobe *tk, struct trace_array *tr)
1368 {
1369 	struct trace_event_file *file;
1370 
1371 	list_for_each_entry(file, &tr->events, list)
1372 		if (file->event_call == &tk->tp.call)
1373 			return file;
1374 
1375 	return NULL;
1376 }
1377 
1378 /*
1379  * Nobody but us can call enable_trace_kprobe/disable_trace_kprobe at this
1380  * stage, we can do this lockless.
1381  */
1382 static __init int kprobe_trace_self_tests_init(void)
1383 {
1384 	int ret, warn = 0;
1385 	int (*target)(int, int, int, int, int, int);
1386 	struct trace_kprobe *tk;
1387 	struct trace_event_file *file;
1388 
1389 	if (tracing_is_disabled())
1390 		return -ENODEV;
1391 
1392 	target = kprobe_trace_selftest_target;
1393 
1394 	pr_info("Testing kprobe tracing: ");
1395 
1396 	ret = traceprobe_command("p:testprobe kprobe_trace_selftest_target "
1397 				  "$stack $stack0 +0($stack)",
1398 				  create_trace_kprobe);
1399 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret)) {
1400 		pr_warn("error on probing function entry.\n");
1401 		warn++;
1402 	} else {
1403 		/* Enable trace point */
1404 		tk = find_trace_kprobe("testprobe", KPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM);
1405 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tk == NULL)) {
1406 			pr_warn("error on getting new probe.\n");
1407 			warn++;
1408 		} else {
1409 			file = find_trace_probe_file(tk, top_trace_array());
1410 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(file == NULL)) {
1411 				pr_warn("error on getting probe file.\n");
1412 				warn++;
1413 			} else
1414 				enable_trace_kprobe(tk, file);
1415 		}
1416 	}
1417 
1418 	ret = traceprobe_command("r:testprobe2 kprobe_trace_selftest_target "
1419 				  "$retval", create_trace_kprobe);
1420 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret)) {
1421 		pr_warn("error on probing function return.\n");
1422 		warn++;
1423 	} else {
1424 		/* Enable trace point */
1425 		tk = find_trace_kprobe("testprobe2", KPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM);
1426 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tk == NULL)) {
1427 			pr_warn("error on getting 2nd new probe.\n");
1428 			warn++;
1429 		} else {
1430 			file = find_trace_probe_file(tk, top_trace_array());
1431 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(file == NULL)) {
1432 				pr_warn("error on getting probe file.\n");
1433 				warn++;
1434 			} else
1435 				enable_trace_kprobe(tk, file);
1436 		}
1437 	}
1438 
1439 	if (warn)
1440 		goto end;
1441 
1442 	ret = target(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);
1443 
1444 	/* Disable trace points before removing it */
1445 	tk = find_trace_kprobe("testprobe", KPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM);
1446 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tk == NULL)) {
1447 		pr_warn("error on getting test probe.\n");
1448 		warn++;
1449 	} else {
1450 		file = find_trace_probe_file(tk, top_trace_array());
1451 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(file == NULL)) {
1452 			pr_warn("error on getting probe file.\n");
1453 			warn++;
1454 		} else
1455 			disable_trace_kprobe(tk, file);
1456 	}
1457 
1458 	tk = find_trace_kprobe("testprobe2", KPROBE_EVENT_SYSTEM);
1459 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tk == NULL)) {
1460 		pr_warn("error on getting 2nd test probe.\n");
1461 		warn++;
1462 	} else {
1463 		file = find_trace_probe_file(tk, top_trace_array());
1464 		if (WARN_ON_ONCE(file == NULL)) {
1465 			pr_warn("error on getting probe file.\n");
1466 			warn++;
1467 		} else
1468 			disable_trace_kprobe(tk, file);
1469 	}
1470 
1471 	ret = traceprobe_command("-:testprobe", create_trace_kprobe);
1472 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret)) {
1473 		pr_warn("error on deleting a probe.\n");
1474 		warn++;
1475 	}
1476 
1477 	ret = traceprobe_command("-:testprobe2", create_trace_kprobe);
1478 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(ret)) {
1479 		pr_warn("error on deleting a probe.\n");
1480 		warn++;
1481 	}
1482 
1483 end:
1484 	release_all_trace_kprobes();
1485 	if (warn)
1486 		pr_cont("NG: Some tests are failed. Please check them.\n");
1487 	else
1488 		pr_cont("OK\n");
1489 	return 0;
1490 }
1491 
1492 late_initcall(kprobe_trace_self_tests_init);
1493 
1494 #endif
1495