xref: /linux/kernel/torture.c (revision 68a052239fc4b351e961f698b824f7654a346091)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Common functions for in-kernel torture tests.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2014
6  *
7  * Author: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	Based on kernel/rcu/torture.c.
9  */
10 
11 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
12 
13 #include <linux/types.h>
14 #include <linux/kernel.h>
15 #include <linux/init.h>
16 #include <linux/module.h>
17 #include <linux/kthread.h>
18 #include <linux/err.h>
19 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
20 #include <linux/smp.h>
21 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
22 #include <linux/sched.h>
23 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
24 #include <linux/atomic.h>
25 #include <linux/bitops.h>
26 #include <linux/completion.h>
27 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
28 #include <linux/percpu.h>
29 #include <linux/notifier.h>
30 #include <linux/reboot.h>
31 #include <linux/freezer.h>
32 #include <linux/cpu.h>
33 #include <linux/delay.h>
34 #include <linux/stat.h>
35 #include <linux/slab.h>
36 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
37 #include <linux/ktime.h>
38 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
39 #include <linux/torture.h>
40 #include <linux/sched/rt.h>
41 #include "rcu/rcu.h"
42 
43 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Common functions for in-kernel torture tests");
44 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
45 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>");
46 
47 static bool disable_onoff_at_boot;
48 module_param(disable_onoff_at_boot, bool, 0444);
49 
50 static bool ftrace_dump_at_shutdown;
51 module_param(ftrace_dump_at_shutdown, bool, 0444);
52 
53 static int verbose_sleep_frequency;
54 module_param(verbose_sleep_frequency, int, 0444);
55 
56 static int verbose_sleep_duration = 1;
57 module_param(verbose_sleep_duration, int, 0444);
58 
59 static int random_shuffle;
60 module_param(random_shuffle, int, 0444);
61 
62 static char *torture_type;
63 static int verbose;
64 
65 /* Mediate rmmod and system shutdown.  Concurrent rmmod & shutdown illegal! */
66 #define FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP 0	/* Normal operation. */
67 #define FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN 1	/* System shutdown with torture running. */
68 #define FULLSTOP_RMMOD    2	/* Normal rmmod of torture. */
69 static int fullstop = FULLSTOP_RMMOD;
70 static DEFINE_MUTEX(fullstop_mutex);
71 
72 static atomic_t verbose_sleep_counter;
73 
74 /*
75  * Sleep if needed from VERBOSE_TOROUT*().
76  */
77 void verbose_torout_sleep(void)
78 {
79 	if (verbose_sleep_frequency > 0 &&
80 	    verbose_sleep_duration > 0 &&
81 	    !(atomic_inc_return(&verbose_sleep_counter) % verbose_sleep_frequency))
82 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(verbose_sleep_duration);
83 }
84 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(verbose_torout_sleep);
85 
86 /*
87  * Schedule a high-resolution-timer sleep in nanoseconds, with a 32-bit
88  * nanosecond random fuzz.  This function and its friends desynchronize
89  * testing from the timer wheel.
90  */
91 int torture_hrtimeout_ns(ktime_t baset_ns, u32 fuzzt_ns, const enum hrtimer_mode mode,
92 			 struct torture_random_state *trsp)
93 {
94 	ktime_t hto = baset_ns;
95 
96 	if (trsp)
97 		hto += torture_random(trsp) % fuzzt_ns;
98 	set_current_state(TASK_IDLE);
99 	return schedule_hrtimeout(&hto, mode);
100 }
101 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_hrtimeout_ns);
102 
103 /*
104  * Schedule a high-resolution-timer sleep in microseconds, with a 32-bit
105  * nanosecond (not microsecond!) random fuzz.
106  */
107 int torture_hrtimeout_us(u32 baset_us, u32 fuzzt_ns, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
108 {
109 	ktime_t baset_ns = baset_us * NSEC_PER_USEC;
110 
111 	return torture_hrtimeout_ns(baset_ns, fuzzt_ns, HRTIMER_MODE_REL, trsp);
112 }
113 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_hrtimeout_us);
114 
115 /*
116  * Schedule a high-resolution-timer sleep in milliseconds, with a 32-bit
117  * microsecond (not millisecond!) random fuzz.
118  */
119 int torture_hrtimeout_ms(u32 baset_ms, u32 fuzzt_us, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
120 {
121 	ktime_t baset_ns = baset_ms * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
122 	u32 fuzzt_ns;
123 
124 	if ((u32)~0U / NSEC_PER_USEC < fuzzt_us)
125 		fuzzt_ns = (u32)~0U;
126 	else
127 		fuzzt_ns = fuzzt_us * NSEC_PER_USEC;
128 	return torture_hrtimeout_ns(baset_ns, fuzzt_ns, HRTIMER_MODE_REL, trsp);
129 }
130 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_hrtimeout_ms);
131 
132 /*
133  * Schedule a high-resolution-timer sleep in jiffies, with an
134  * implied one-jiffy random fuzz.  This is intended to replace calls to
135  * schedule_timeout_interruptible() and friends.
136  */
137 int torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(u32 baset_j, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
138 {
139 	ktime_t baset_ns = jiffies_to_nsecs(baset_j);
140 
141 	return torture_hrtimeout_ns(baset_ns, jiffies_to_nsecs(1), HRTIMER_MODE_REL, trsp);
142 }
143 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_hrtimeout_jiffies);
144 
145 /*
146  * Schedule a high-resolution-timer sleep in milliseconds, with a 32-bit
147  * millisecond (not second!) random fuzz.
148  */
149 int torture_hrtimeout_s(u32 baset_s, u32 fuzzt_ms, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
150 {
151 	ktime_t baset_ns = baset_s * NSEC_PER_SEC;
152 	u32 fuzzt_ns;
153 
154 	if ((u32)~0U / NSEC_PER_MSEC < fuzzt_ms)
155 		fuzzt_ns = (u32)~0U;
156 	else
157 		fuzzt_ns = fuzzt_ms * NSEC_PER_MSEC;
158 	return torture_hrtimeout_ns(baset_ns, fuzzt_ns, HRTIMER_MODE_REL, trsp);
159 }
160 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_hrtimeout_s);
161 
162 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
163 
164 /*
165  * Variables for online-offline handling.  Only present if CPU hotplug
166  * is enabled, otherwise does nothing.
167  */
168 
169 static struct task_struct *onoff_task;
170 static long onoff_holdoff;
171 static long onoff_interval;
172 static torture_ofl_func *onoff_f;
173 static long n_offline_attempts;
174 static long n_offline_successes;
175 static unsigned long sum_offline;
176 static int min_offline = -1;
177 static int max_offline;
178 static long n_online_attempts;
179 static long n_online_successes;
180 static unsigned long sum_online;
181 static int min_online = -1;
182 static int max_online;
183 
184 static int torture_online_cpus = NR_CPUS;
185 
186 /*
187  * Some torture testing leverages confusion as to the number of online
188  * CPUs.  This function returns the torture-testing view of this number,
189  * which allows torture tests to load-balance appropriately.
190  */
191 int torture_num_online_cpus(void)
192 {
193 	return READ_ONCE(torture_online_cpus);
194 }
195 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_num_online_cpus);
196 
197 /*
198  * Attempt to take a CPU offline.  Return false if the CPU is already
199  * offline or if it is not subject to CPU-hotplug operations.  The
200  * caller can detect other failures by looking at the statistics.
201  */
202 bool torture_offline(int cpu, long *n_offl_attempts, long *n_offl_successes,
203 		     unsigned long *sum_offl, int *min_offl, int *max_offl)
204 {
205 	unsigned long delta;
206 	int ret;
207 	char *s;
208 	unsigned long starttime;
209 
210 	if (!cpu_online(cpu) || !cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu))
211 		return false;
212 	if (num_online_cpus() <= 1)
213 		return false;  /* Can't offline the last CPU. */
214 
215 	if (verbose > 1)
216 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
217 			 "torture_onoff task: offlining %d\n",
218 			 torture_type, cpu);
219 	starttime = jiffies;
220 	(*n_offl_attempts)++;
221 	ret = remove_cpu(cpu);
222 	if (ret) {
223 		s = "";
224 		if (!rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() && ret == -EBUSY) {
225 			// PCI probe frequently disables hotplug during boot.
226 			(*n_offl_attempts)--;
227 			s = " (-EBUSY forgiven during boot)";
228 		}
229 		if (verbose)
230 			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
231 				 "torture_onoff task: offline %d failed%s: errno %d\n",
232 				 torture_type, cpu, s, ret);
233 	} else {
234 		if (verbose > 1)
235 			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
236 				 "torture_onoff task: offlined %d\n",
237 				 torture_type, cpu);
238 		if (onoff_f)
239 			onoff_f();
240 		(*n_offl_successes)++;
241 		delta = jiffies - starttime;
242 		*sum_offl += delta;
243 		if (*min_offl < 0) {
244 			*min_offl = delta;
245 			*max_offl = delta;
246 		}
247 		if (*min_offl > delta)
248 			*min_offl = delta;
249 		if (*max_offl < delta)
250 			*max_offl = delta;
251 		WRITE_ONCE(torture_online_cpus, torture_online_cpus - 1);
252 		WARN_ON_ONCE(torture_online_cpus <= 0);
253 	}
254 
255 	return true;
256 }
257 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_offline);
258 
259 /*
260  * Attempt to bring a CPU online.  Return false if the CPU is already
261  * online or if it is not subject to CPU-hotplug operations.  The
262  * caller can detect other failures by looking at the statistics.
263  */
264 bool torture_online(int cpu, long *n_onl_attempts, long *n_onl_successes,
265 		    unsigned long *sum_onl, int *min_onl, int *max_onl)
266 {
267 	unsigned long delta;
268 	int ret;
269 	char *s;
270 	unsigned long starttime;
271 
272 	if (cpu_online(cpu) || !cpu_is_hotpluggable(cpu))
273 		return false;
274 
275 	if (verbose > 1)
276 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
277 			 "torture_onoff task: onlining %d\n",
278 			 torture_type, cpu);
279 	starttime = jiffies;
280 	(*n_onl_attempts)++;
281 	ret = add_cpu(cpu);
282 	if (ret) {
283 		s = "";
284 		if (!rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() && ret == -EBUSY) {
285 			// PCI probe frequently disables hotplug during boot.
286 			(*n_onl_attempts)--;
287 			s = " (-EBUSY forgiven during boot)";
288 		}
289 		if (verbose)
290 			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
291 				 "torture_onoff task: online %d failed%s: errno %d\n",
292 				 torture_type, cpu, s, ret);
293 	} else {
294 		if (verbose > 1)
295 			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
296 				 "torture_onoff task: onlined %d\n",
297 				 torture_type, cpu);
298 		(*n_onl_successes)++;
299 		delta = jiffies - starttime;
300 		*sum_onl += delta;
301 		if (*min_onl < 0) {
302 			*min_onl = delta;
303 			*max_onl = delta;
304 		}
305 		if (*min_onl > delta)
306 			*min_onl = delta;
307 		if (*max_onl < delta)
308 			*max_onl = delta;
309 		WRITE_ONCE(torture_online_cpus, torture_online_cpus + 1);
310 	}
311 
312 	return true;
313 }
314 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_online);
315 
316 /*
317  * Get everything online at the beginning and ends of tests.
318  */
319 static void torture_online_all(char *phase)
320 {
321 	int cpu;
322 	int ret;
323 
324 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
325 		if (cpu_online(cpu))
326 			continue;
327 		ret = add_cpu(cpu);
328 		if (ret && verbose) {
329 			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
330 				 "%s: %s online %d: errno %d\n",
331 				 __func__, phase, torture_type, cpu, ret);
332 		}
333 	}
334 }
335 
336 /*
337  * Execute random CPU-hotplug operations at the interval specified
338  * by the onoff_interval.
339  */
340 static int
341 torture_onoff(void *arg)
342 {
343 	int cpu;
344 	int maxcpu = -1;
345 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
346 
347 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_onoff task started");
348 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
349 		maxcpu = cpu;
350 	WARN_ON(maxcpu < 0);
351 	torture_online_all("Initial");
352 	if (maxcpu == 0) {
353 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Only one CPU, so CPU-hotplug testing is disabled");
354 		goto stop;
355 	}
356 
357 	if (onoff_holdoff > 0) {
358 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_onoff begin holdoff");
359 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(onoff_holdoff, &rand);
360 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_onoff end holdoff");
361 	}
362 	while (!rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
363 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
364 	while (!torture_must_stop()) {
365 		if (disable_onoff_at_boot && !rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended()) {
366 			torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(HZ / 10, &rand);
367 			continue;
368 		}
369 		cpu = torture_random(&rand) % (maxcpu + 1);
370 		if (!torture_offline(cpu,
371 				     &n_offline_attempts, &n_offline_successes,
372 				     &sum_offline, &min_offline, &max_offline))
373 			torture_online(cpu,
374 				       &n_online_attempts, &n_online_successes,
375 				       &sum_online, &min_online, &max_online);
376 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(onoff_interval, &rand);
377 	}
378 
379 stop:
380 	torture_kthread_stopping("torture_onoff");
381 	torture_online_all("Final");
382 	return 0;
383 }
384 
385 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
386 
387 /*
388  * Initiate online-offline handling.
389  */
390 int torture_onoff_init(long ooholdoff, long oointerval, torture_ofl_func *f)
391 {
392 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
393 	onoff_holdoff = ooholdoff;
394 	onoff_interval = oointerval;
395 	onoff_f = f;
396 	if (onoff_interval <= 0)
397 		return 0;
398 	return torture_create_kthread(torture_onoff, NULL, onoff_task);
399 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
400 	return 0;
401 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
402 }
403 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_onoff_init);
404 
405 /*
406  * Clean up after online/offline testing.
407  */
408 static void torture_onoff_cleanup(void)
409 {
410 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
411 	if (onoff_task == NULL)
412 		return;
413 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_onoff task");
414 	kthread_stop(onoff_task);
415 	onoff_task = NULL;
416 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
417 }
418 
419 /*
420  * Print online/offline testing statistics.
421  */
422 void torture_onoff_stats(void)
423 {
424 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
425 	pr_cont("onoff: %ld/%ld:%ld/%ld %d,%d:%d,%d %lu:%lu (HZ=%d) ",
426 		n_online_successes, n_online_attempts,
427 		n_offline_successes, n_offline_attempts,
428 		min_online, max_online,
429 		min_offline, max_offline,
430 		sum_online, sum_offline, HZ);
431 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
432 }
433 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_onoff_stats);
434 
435 /*
436  * Were all the online/offline operations successful?
437  */
438 bool torture_onoff_failures(void)
439 {
440 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
441 	return n_online_successes != n_online_attempts ||
442 	       n_offline_successes != n_offline_attempts;
443 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
444 	return false;
445 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
446 }
447 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_onoff_failures);
448 
449 #define TORTURE_RANDOM_MULT	39916801  /* prime */
450 #define TORTURE_RANDOM_ADD	479001701 /* prime */
451 #define TORTURE_RANDOM_REFRESH	10000
452 
453 /*
454  * Crude but fast random-number generator.  Uses a linear congruential
455  * generator, with occasional help from cpu_clock().
456  */
457 unsigned long
458 torture_random(struct torture_random_state *trsp)
459 {
460 	if (--trsp->trs_count < 0) {
461 		trsp->trs_state += (unsigned long)local_clock() + raw_smp_processor_id();
462 		trsp->trs_count = TORTURE_RANDOM_REFRESH;
463 	}
464 	trsp->trs_state = trsp->trs_state * TORTURE_RANDOM_MULT +
465 		TORTURE_RANDOM_ADD;
466 	return swahw32(trsp->trs_state);
467 }
468 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_random);
469 
470 /*
471  * Variables for shuffling.  The idea is to ensure that each CPU stays
472  * idle for an extended period to test interactions with dyntick idle,
473  * as well as interactions with any per-CPU variables.
474  */
475 struct shuffle_task {
476 	struct list_head st_l;
477 	struct task_struct *st_t;
478 };
479 
480 static long shuffle_interval;	/* In jiffies. */
481 static struct task_struct *shuffler_task;
482 static cpumask_var_t shuffle_tmp_mask;
483 static int shuffle_idle_cpu;	/* Force all torture tasks off this CPU */
484 static struct list_head shuffle_task_list = LIST_HEAD_INIT(shuffle_task_list);
485 static DEFINE_MUTEX(shuffle_task_mutex);
486 
487 /*
488  * Register a task to be shuffled.  If there is no memory, just splat
489  * and don't bother registering.
490  */
491 void torture_shuffle_task_register(struct task_struct *tp)
492 {
493 	struct shuffle_task *stp;
494 
495 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(tp == NULL))
496 		return;
497 	stp = kmalloc(sizeof(*stp), GFP_KERNEL);
498 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(stp == NULL))
499 		return;
500 	stp->st_t = tp;
501 	mutex_lock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
502 	list_add(&stp->st_l, &shuffle_task_list);
503 	mutex_unlock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
504 }
505 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shuffle_task_register);
506 
507 /*
508  * Unregister all tasks, for example, at the end of the torture run.
509  */
510 static void torture_shuffle_task_unregister_all(void)
511 {
512 	struct shuffle_task *stp;
513 	struct shuffle_task *p;
514 
515 	mutex_lock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
516 	list_for_each_entry_safe(stp, p, &shuffle_task_list, st_l) {
517 		list_del(&stp->st_l);
518 		kfree(stp);
519 	}
520 	mutex_unlock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
521 }
522 
523 /* Shuffle tasks such that we allow shuffle_idle_cpu to become idle.
524  * A special case is when shuffle_idle_cpu = -1, in which case we allow
525  * the tasks to run on all CPUs.
526  */
527 static void torture_shuffle_tasks(struct torture_random_state *trp)
528 {
529 	struct shuffle_task *stp;
530 
531 	cpumask_setall(shuffle_tmp_mask);
532 	cpus_read_lock();
533 
534 	/* No point in shuffling if there is only one online CPU (ex: UP) */
535 	if (num_online_cpus() == 1) {
536 		cpus_read_unlock();
537 		return;
538 	}
539 
540 	/* Advance to the next CPU.  Upon overflow, don't idle any CPUs. */
541 	shuffle_idle_cpu = cpumask_next(shuffle_idle_cpu, shuffle_tmp_mask);
542 	if (shuffle_idle_cpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
543 		shuffle_idle_cpu = -1;
544 	else
545 		cpumask_clear_cpu(shuffle_idle_cpu, shuffle_tmp_mask);
546 
547 	mutex_lock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
548 	list_for_each_entry(stp, &shuffle_task_list, st_l) {
549 		if (!random_shuffle || torture_random(trp) & 0x1)
550 			set_cpus_allowed_ptr(stp->st_t, shuffle_tmp_mask);
551 	}
552 	mutex_unlock(&shuffle_task_mutex);
553 
554 	cpus_read_unlock();
555 }
556 
557 /* Shuffle tasks across CPUs, with the intent of allowing each CPU in the
558  * system to become idle at a time and cut off its timer ticks. This is meant
559  * to test the support for such tickless idle CPU in RCU.
560  */
561 static int torture_shuffle(void *arg)
562 {
563 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
564 
565 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_shuffle task started");
566 	do {
567 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(shuffle_interval, &rand);
568 		torture_shuffle_tasks(&rand);
569 		torture_shutdown_absorb("torture_shuffle");
570 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
571 	torture_kthread_stopping("torture_shuffle");
572 	return 0;
573 }
574 
575 /*
576  * Start the shuffler, with shuffint in jiffies.
577  */
578 int torture_shuffle_init(long shuffint)
579 {
580 	shuffle_interval = shuffint;
581 
582 	shuffle_idle_cpu = -1;
583 
584 	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&shuffle_tmp_mask, GFP_KERNEL)) {
585 		TOROUT_ERRSTRING("Failed to alloc mask");
586 		return -ENOMEM;
587 	}
588 
589 	/* Create the shuffler thread */
590 	return torture_create_kthread(torture_shuffle, NULL, shuffler_task);
591 }
592 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shuffle_init);
593 
594 /*
595  * Stop the shuffling.
596  */
597 static void torture_shuffle_cleanup(void)
598 {
599 	torture_shuffle_task_unregister_all();
600 	if (shuffler_task) {
601 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_shuffle task");
602 		kthread_stop(shuffler_task);
603 		free_cpumask_var(shuffle_tmp_mask);
604 	}
605 	shuffler_task = NULL;
606 }
607 
608 /*
609  * Variables for auto-shutdown.  This allows "lights out" torture runs
610  * to be fully scripted.
611  */
612 static struct task_struct *shutdown_task;
613 static ktime_t shutdown_time;		/* time to system shutdown. */
614 static void (*torture_shutdown_hook)(void);
615 
616 /*
617  * Absorb kthreads into a kernel function that won't return, so that
618  * they won't ever access module text or data again.
619  */
620 void torture_shutdown_absorb(const char *title)
621 {
622 	while (READ_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
623 		pr_notice("torture thread %s parking due to system shutdown\n",
624 			  title);
625 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(MAX_SCHEDULE_TIMEOUT);
626 	}
627 }
628 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shutdown_absorb);
629 
630 /*
631  * Cause the torture test to shutdown the system after the test has
632  * run for the time specified by the shutdown_secs parameter.
633  */
634 static int torture_shutdown(void *arg)
635 {
636 	ktime_t ktime_snap;
637 
638 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_shutdown task started");
639 	ktime_snap = ktime_get();
640 	while (ktime_before(ktime_snap, shutdown_time) &&
641 	       !torture_must_stop()) {
642 		if (verbose)
643 			pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
644 				 "torture_shutdown task: %llu ms remaining\n",
645 				 torture_type,
646 				 ktime_ms_delta(shutdown_time, ktime_snap));
647 		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
648 		schedule_hrtimeout(&shutdown_time, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS);
649 		ktime_snap = ktime_get();
650 	}
651 	if (torture_must_stop()) {
652 		torture_kthread_stopping("torture_shutdown");
653 		return 0;
654 	}
655 
656 	/* OK, shut down the system. */
657 
658 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_shutdown task shutting down system");
659 	shutdown_task = NULL;	/* Avoid self-kill deadlock. */
660 	if (torture_shutdown_hook)
661 		torture_shutdown_hook();
662 	else
663 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("No torture_shutdown_hook(), skipping.");
664 	if (ftrace_dump_at_shutdown)
665 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
666 	kernel_power_off();	/* Shut down the system. */
667 	return 0;
668 }
669 
670 /*
671  * Start up the shutdown task.
672  */
673 int torture_shutdown_init(int ssecs, void (*cleanup)(void))
674 {
675 	torture_shutdown_hook = cleanup;
676 	if (ssecs > 0) {
677 		shutdown_time = ktime_add(ktime_get(), ktime_set(ssecs, 0));
678 		return torture_create_kthread(torture_shutdown, NULL,
679 					      shutdown_task);
680 	}
681 	return 0;
682 }
683 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_shutdown_init);
684 
685 /*
686  * Detect and respond to a system shutdown.
687  */
688 static int torture_shutdown_notify(struct notifier_block *unused1,
689 				   unsigned long unused2, void *unused3)
690 {
691 	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
692 	if (READ_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP) {
693 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Unscheduled system shutdown detected");
694 		WRITE_ONCE(fullstop, FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN);
695 	} else {
696 		pr_warn("Concurrent rmmod and shutdown illegal!\n");
697 	}
698 	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
699 	return NOTIFY_DONE;
700 }
701 
702 static struct notifier_block torture_shutdown_nb = {
703 	.notifier_call = torture_shutdown_notify,
704 };
705 
706 /*
707  * Shut down the shutdown task.  Say what???  Heh!  This can happen if
708  * the torture module gets an rmmod before the shutdown time arrives.  ;-)
709  */
710 static void torture_shutdown_cleanup(void)
711 {
712 	unregister_reboot_notifier(&torture_shutdown_nb);
713 	if (shutdown_task != NULL) {
714 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_shutdown task");
715 		kthread_stop(shutdown_task);
716 	}
717 	shutdown_task = NULL;
718 }
719 
720 /*
721  * Variables for stuttering, which means to periodically pause and
722  * restart testing in order to catch bugs that appear when load is
723  * suddenly applied to or removed from the system.
724  */
725 static struct task_struct *stutter_task;
726 static ktime_t stutter_till_abs_time;
727 static int stutter;
728 static int stutter_gap;
729 
730 /*
731  * Block until the stutter interval ends.  This must be called periodically
732  * by all running kthreads that need to be subject to stuttering.
733  */
734 bool stutter_wait(const char *title)
735 {
736 	bool ret = false;
737 	ktime_t till_ns;
738 
739 	cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs();
740 	till_ns = READ_ONCE(stutter_till_abs_time);
741 	if (till_ns && ktime_before(ktime_get(), till_ns)) {
742 		torture_hrtimeout_ns(till_ns, 0, HRTIMER_MODE_ABS, NULL);
743 		ret = true;
744 	}
745 	torture_shutdown_absorb(title);
746 	return ret;
747 }
748 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(stutter_wait);
749 
750 /*
751  * Cause the torture test to "stutter", starting and stopping all
752  * threads periodically.
753  */
754 static int torture_stutter(void *arg)
755 {
756 	ktime_t till_ns;
757 
758 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("torture_stutter task started");
759 	do {
760 		if (!torture_must_stop() && stutter > 1) {
761 			till_ns = ktime_add_ns(ktime_get(),
762 					       jiffies_to_nsecs(stutter));
763 			WRITE_ONCE(stutter_till_abs_time, till_ns);
764 			torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(stutter - 1, NULL);
765 		}
766 		if (!torture_must_stop())
767 			torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(stutter_gap, NULL);
768 		torture_shutdown_absorb("torture_stutter");
769 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
770 	torture_kthread_stopping("torture_stutter");
771 	return 0;
772 }
773 
774 /*
775  * Initialize and kick off the torture_stutter kthread.
776  */
777 int torture_stutter_init(const int s, const int sgap)
778 {
779 	stutter = s;
780 	stutter_gap = sgap;
781 	return torture_create_kthread(torture_stutter, NULL, stutter_task);
782 }
783 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_stutter_init);
784 
785 /*
786  * Cleanup after the torture_stutter kthread.
787  */
788 static void torture_stutter_cleanup(void)
789 {
790 	if (!stutter_task)
791 		return;
792 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Stopping torture_stutter task");
793 	kthread_stop(stutter_task);
794 	stutter_task = NULL;
795 }
796 
797 static unsigned long torture_init_jiffies;
798 
799 static void
800 torture_print_module_parms(void)
801 {
802 	pr_alert("torture module --- %s:  disable_onoff_at_boot=%d ftrace_dump_at_shutdown=%d verbose_sleep_frequency=%d verbose_sleep_duration=%d random_shuffle=%d%s\n",
803 		 torture_type, disable_onoff_at_boot, ftrace_dump_at_shutdown, verbose_sleep_frequency, verbose_sleep_duration, random_shuffle,
804 		 rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() ? "" : " still booting");
805 }
806 
807 /*
808  * Initialize torture module.  Please note that this is -not- invoked via
809  * the usual module_init() mechanism, but rather by an explicit call from
810  * the client torture module.  This call must be paired with a later
811  * torture_init_end().
812  *
813  * The runnable parameter points to a flag that controls whether or not
814  * the test is currently runnable.  If there is no such flag, pass in NULL.
815  */
816 bool torture_init_begin(char *ttype, int v)
817 {
818 	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
819 	if (torture_type != NULL) {
820 		pr_alert("%s: Refusing %s init: %s running.\n",
821 			  __func__, ttype, torture_type);
822 		pr_alert("%s: One torture test at a time!\n", __func__);
823 		mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
824 		return false;
825 	}
826 	torture_type = ttype;
827 	verbose = v;
828 	fullstop = FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP;
829 	WRITE_ONCE(torture_init_jiffies, jiffies); // Lockless reads.
830 	torture_print_module_parms();
831 	return true;
832 }
833 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_init_begin);
834 
835 /*
836  * Tell the torture module that initialization is complete.
837  */
838 void torture_init_end(void)
839 {
840 	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
841 	register_reboot_notifier(&torture_shutdown_nb);
842 }
843 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_init_end);
844 
845 /*
846  * Get the torture_init_begin()-time value of the jiffies counter.
847  */
848 unsigned long get_torture_init_jiffies(void)
849 {
850 	return READ_ONCE(torture_init_jiffies);
851 }
852 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_torture_init_jiffies);
853 
854 /*
855  * Clean up torture module.  Please note that this is -not- invoked via
856  * the usual module_exit() mechanism, but rather by an explicit call from
857  * the client torture module.  Returns true if a race with system shutdown
858  * is detected, otherwise, all kthreads started by functions in this file
859  * will be shut down.
860  *
861  * This must be called before the caller starts shutting down its own
862  * kthreads.
863  *
864  * Both torture_cleanup_begin() and torture_cleanup_end() must be paired,
865  * in order to correctly perform the cleanup. They are separated because
866  * threads can still need to reference the torture_type type, thus nullify
867  * only after completing all other relevant calls.
868  */
869 bool torture_cleanup_begin(void)
870 {
871 	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
872 	if (READ_ONCE(fullstop) == FULLSTOP_SHUTDOWN) {
873 		pr_warn("Concurrent rmmod and shutdown illegal!\n");
874 		mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
875 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(10);
876 		return true;
877 	}
878 	WRITE_ONCE(fullstop, FULLSTOP_RMMOD);
879 	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
880 	torture_shutdown_cleanup();
881 	torture_shuffle_cleanup();
882 	torture_stutter_cleanup();
883 	torture_onoff_cleanup();
884 	return false;
885 }
886 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_cleanup_begin);
887 
888 void torture_cleanup_end(void)
889 {
890 	mutex_lock(&fullstop_mutex);
891 	torture_type = NULL;
892 	mutex_unlock(&fullstop_mutex);
893 }
894 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_cleanup_end);
895 
896 /*
897  * Is it time for the current torture test to stop?
898  */
899 bool torture_must_stop(void)
900 {
901 	return torture_must_stop_irq() || kthread_should_stop();
902 }
903 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_must_stop);
904 
905 /*
906  * Is it time for the current torture test to stop?  This is the irq-safe
907  * version, hence no check for kthread_should_stop().
908  */
909 bool torture_must_stop_irq(void)
910 {
911 	return READ_ONCE(fullstop) != FULLSTOP_DONTSTOP;
912 }
913 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_must_stop_irq);
914 
915 /*
916  * Each kthread must wait for kthread_should_stop() before returning from
917  * its top-level function, otherwise segfaults ensue.  This function
918  * prints a "stopping" message and waits for kthread_should_stop(), and
919  * should be called from all torture kthreads immediately prior to
920  * returning.
921  */
922 void torture_kthread_stopping(char *title)
923 {
924 	char buf[128];
925 
926 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s is stopping", title);
927 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING(buf);
928 	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
929 		torture_shutdown_absorb(title);
930 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
931 	}
932 }
933 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(torture_kthread_stopping);
934 
935 /*
936  * Create a generic torture kthread that is immediately runnable.  If you
937  * need the kthread to be stopped so that you can do something to it before
938  * it starts, you will need to open-code your own.
939  */
940 int _torture_create_kthread(int (*fn)(void *arg), void *arg, char *s, char *m,
941 			    char *f, struct task_struct **tp, void (*cbf)(struct task_struct *tp))
942 {
943 	int ret = 0;
944 
945 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING(m);
946 	*tp = kthread_create(fn, arg, "%s", s);
947 	if (IS_ERR(*tp)) {
948 		ret = PTR_ERR(*tp);
949 		TOROUT_ERRSTRING(f);
950 		*tp = NULL;
951 		return ret;
952 	}
953 
954 	if (cbf)
955 		cbf(*tp);
956 
957 	wake_up_process(*tp);  // Process is sleeping, so ordering provided.
958 	torture_shuffle_task_register(*tp);
959 	return ret;
960 }
961 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(_torture_create_kthread);
962 
963 /*
964  * Stop a generic kthread, emitting a message.
965  */
966 void _torture_stop_kthread(char *m, struct task_struct **tp)
967 {
968 	if (*tp == NULL)
969 		return;
970 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING(m);
971 	kthread_stop(*tp);
972 	*tp = NULL;
973 }
974 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(_torture_stop_kthread);
975