xref: /linux/kernel/taskstats.c (revision 1b78070aaef63512688aebfbc82365ef9d6660f1)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * taskstats.c - Export per-task statistics to userland
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) Shailabh Nagar, IBM Corp. 2006
6  *           (C) Balbir Singh,   IBM Corp. 2006
7  */
8 
9 #include <linux/kernel.h>
10 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
11 #include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
12 #include <linux/acct.h>
13 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
14 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
15 #include <linux/percpu.h>
16 #include <linux/slab.h>
17 #include <linux/cgroupstats.h>
18 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
19 #include <linux/fs.h>
20 #include <linux/file.h>
21 #include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
22 #include <net/genetlink.h>
23 #include <linux/atomic.h>
24 #include <linux/sched/cputime.h>
25 
26 /*
27  * Maximum length of a cpumask that can be specified in
28  * the TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER/DEREGISTER_CPUMASK attribute
29  */
30 #define TASKSTATS_CPUMASK_MAXLEN	(100+6*NR_CPUS)
31 
32 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(__u32, taskstats_seqnum);
33 static int family_registered;
34 struct kmem_cache *taskstats_cache;
35 
36 static struct genl_family family;
37 
38 static const struct nla_policy taskstats_cmd_get_policy[] = {
39 	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID]  = { .type = NLA_U32 },
40 	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
41 	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER_CPUMASK] = { .type = NLA_STRING },
42 	[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_DEREGISTER_CPUMASK] = { .type = NLA_STRING },};
43 
44 static const struct nla_policy cgroupstats_cmd_get_policy[] = {
45 	[CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_FD] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
46 };
47 
48 struct listener {
49 	struct list_head list;
50 	pid_t pid;
51 	char valid;
52 };
53 
54 struct listener_list {
55 	struct rw_semaphore sem;
56 	struct list_head list;
57 };
58 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct listener_list, listener_array);
59 
60 enum actions {
61 	REGISTER,
62 	DEREGISTER,
63 	CPU_DONT_CARE
64 };
65 
66 static int prepare_reply(struct genl_info *info, u8 cmd, struct sk_buff **skbp,
67 				size_t size)
68 {
69 	struct sk_buff *skb;
70 	void *reply;
71 
72 	/*
73 	 * If new attributes are added, please revisit this allocation
74 	 */
75 	skb = genlmsg_new(size, GFP_KERNEL);
76 	if (!skb)
77 		return -ENOMEM;
78 
79 	if (!info) {
80 		int seq = this_cpu_inc_return(taskstats_seqnum) - 1;
81 
82 		reply = genlmsg_put(skb, 0, seq, &family, 0, cmd);
83 	} else
84 		reply = genlmsg_put_reply(skb, info, &family, 0, cmd);
85 	if (reply == NULL) {
86 		nlmsg_free(skb);
87 		return -EINVAL;
88 	}
89 
90 	*skbp = skb;
91 	return 0;
92 }
93 
94 /*
95  * Send taskstats data in @skb to listener with nl_pid @pid
96  */
97 static int send_reply(struct sk_buff *skb, struct genl_info *info)
98 {
99 	struct genlmsghdr *genlhdr = nlmsg_data(nlmsg_hdr(skb));
100 	void *reply = genlmsg_data(genlhdr);
101 
102 	genlmsg_end(skb, reply);
103 
104 	return genlmsg_reply(skb, info);
105 }
106 
107 /*
108  * Send taskstats data in @skb to listeners registered for @cpu's exit data
109  */
110 static void send_cpu_listeners(struct sk_buff *skb,
111 					struct listener_list *listeners)
112 {
113 	struct genlmsghdr *genlhdr = nlmsg_data(nlmsg_hdr(skb));
114 	struct listener *s, *tmp;
115 	struct sk_buff *skb_next, *skb_cur = skb;
116 	void *reply = genlmsg_data(genlhdr);
117 	int delcount = 0;
118 
119 	genlmsg_end(skb, reply);
120 
121 	down_read(&listeners->sem);
122 	list_for_each_entry(s, &listeners->list, list) {
123 		int rc;
124 
125 		skb_next = NULL;
126 		if (!list_is_last(&s->list, &listeners->list)) {
127 			skb_next = skb_clone(skb_cur, GFP_KERNEL);
128 			if (!skb_next)
129 				break;
130 		}
131 		rc = genlmsg_unicast(&init_net, skb_cur, s->pid);
132 		if (rc == -ECONNREFUSED) {
133 			s->valid = 0;
134 			delcount++;
135 		}
136 		skb_cur = skb_next;
137 	}
138 	up_read(&listeners->sem);
139 
140 	if (skb_cur)
141 		nlmsg_free(skb_cur);
142 
143 	if (!delcount)
144 		return;
145 
146 	/* Delete invalidated entries */
147 	down_write(&listeners->sem);
148 	list_for_each_entry_safe(s, tmp, &listeners->list, list) {
149 		if (!s->valid) {
150 			list_del(&s->list);
151 			kfree(s);
152 		}
153 	}
154 	up_write(&listeners->sem);
155 }
156 
157 static void exe_add_tsk(struct taskstats *stats, struct task_struct *tsk)
158 {
159 	/* No idea if I'm allowed to access that here, now. */
160 	struct file *exe_file = get_task_exe_file(tsk);
161 
162 	if (exe_file) {
163 		/* Following cp_new_stat64() in stat.c . */
164 		stats->ac_exe_dev =
165 			huge_encode_dev(exe_file->f_inode->i_sb->s_dev);
166 		stats->ac_exe_inode = exe_file->f_inode->i_ino;
167 		fput(exe_file);
168 	} else {
169 		stats->ac_exe_dev = 0;
170 		stats->ac_exe_inode = 0;
171 	}
172 }
173 
174 static void fill_stats(struct user_namespace *user_ns,
175 		       struct pid_namespace *pid_ns,
176 		       struct task_struct *tsk, struct taskstats *stats)
177 {
178 	memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
179 	/*
180 	 * Each accounting subsystem adds calls to its functions to
181 	 * fill in relevant parts of struct taskstsats as follows
182 	 *
183 	 *	per-task-foo(stats, tsk);
184 	 */
185 
186 	delayacct_add_tsk(stats, tsk);
187 
188 	/* fill in basic acct fields */
189 	stats->version = TASKSTATS_VERSION;
190 	stats->nvcsw = tsk->nvcsw;
191 	stats->nivcsw = tsk->nivcsw;
192 	bacct_add_tsk(user_ns, pid_ns, stats, tsk);
193 
194 	/* fill in extended acct fields */
195 	xacct_add_tsk(stats, tsk);
196 
197 	/* add executable info */
198 	exe_add_tsk(stats, tsk);
199 }
200 
201 static int fill_stats_for_pid(pid_t pid, struct taskstats *stats)
202 {
203 	struct task_struct *tsk;
204 
205 	tsk = find_get_task_by_vpid(pid);
206 	if (!tsk)
207 		return -ESRCH;
208 	fill_stats(current_user_ns(), task_active_pid_ns(current), tsk, stats);
209 	put_task_struct(tsk);
210 	return 0;
211 }
212 
213 static void tgid_stats_add_task(struct taskstats *stats,
214 				struct task_struct *tsk, u64 now_ns)
215 {
216 	u64 delta, utime, stime;
217 
218 	/*
219 	 * Each accounting subsystem calls its functions here to
220 	 * accumulate its per-task stats for tsk, into the per-tgid structure
221 	 *
222 	 *	per-task-foo(stats, tsk);
223 	 */
224 	delayacct_add_tsk(stats, tsk);
225 
226 	/* calculate task elapsed time in nsec */
227 	delta = now_ns - tsk->start_time;
228 	/* Convert to micro seconds */
229 	do_div(delta, NSEC_PER_USEC);
230 	stats->ac_etime += delta;
231 
232 	task_cputime(tsk, &utime, &stime);
233 	stats->ac_utime += div_u64(utime, NSEC_PER_USEC);
234 	stats->ac_stime += div_u64(stime, NSEC_PER_USEC);
235 
236 	stats->nvcsw += tsk->nvcsw;
237 	stats->nivcsw += tsk->nivcsw;
238 }
239 
240 static int fill_stats_for_tgid(pid_t tgid, struct taskstats *stats)
241 {
242 	struct task_struct *tsk, *first;
243 	unsigned long flags;
244 	int rc = -ESRCH;
245 	u64 now_ns;
246 
247 	/*
248 	 * Add additional stats from live tasks except zombie thread group
249 	 * leaders who are already counted with the dead tasks
250 	 */
251 	rcu_read_lock();
252 	first = find_task_by_vpid(tgid);
253 
254 	if (!first || !lock_task_sighand(first, &flags))
255 		goto out;
256 
257 	if (first->signal->stats)
258 		memcpy(stats, first->signal->stats, sizeof(*stats));
259 	else
260 		memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
261 
262 	now_ns = ktime_get_ns();
263 	for_each_thread(first, tsk) {
264 		if (tsk->exit_state)
265 			continue;
266 
267 		tgid_stats_add_task(stats, tsk, now_ns);
268 	}
269 
270 	unlock_task_sighand(first, &flags);
271 	rc = 0;
272 out:
273 	rcu_read_unlock();
274 
275 	stats->version = TASKSTATS_VERSION;
276 	/*
277 	 * Accounting subsystems can also add calls here to modify
278 	 * fields of taskstats.
279 	 */
280 	return rc;
281 }
282 
283 static void fill_tgid_exit(struct task_struct *tsk)
284 {
285 	unsigned long flags;
286 	u64 now_ns;
287 
288 	spin_lock_irqsave(&tsk->sighand->siglock, flags);
289 	if (!tsk->signal->stats)
290 		goto ret;
291 
292 	now_ns = ktime_get_ns();
293 	tgid_stats_add_task(tsk->signal->stats, tsk, now_ns);
294 ret:
295 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&tsk->sighand->siglock, flags);
296 	return;
297 }
298 
299 static int add_del_listener(pid_t pid, const struct cpumask *mask, int isadd)
300 {
301 	struct listener_list *listeners;
302 	struct listener *s, *tmp, *s2;
303 	unsigned int cpu;
304 	int ret = 0;
305 
306 	if (!cpumask_subset(mask, cpu_possible_mask))
307 		return -EINVAL;
308 
309 	if (current_user_ns() != &init_user_ns)
310 		return -EINVAL;
311 
312 	if (task_active_pid_ns(current) != &init_pid_ns)
313 		return -EINVAL;
314 
315 	if (isadd == REGISTER) {
316 		for_each_cpu(cpu, mask) {
317 			s = kmalloc_node(sizeof(struct listener),
318 					GFP_KERNEL, cpu_to_node(cpu));
319 			if (!s) {
320 				ret = -ENOMEM;
321 				goto cleanup;
322 			}
323 			s->pid = pid;
324 			s->valid = 1;
325 
326 			listeners = &per_cpu(listener_array, cpu);
327 			down_write(&listeners->sem);
328 			list_for_each_entry(s2, &listeners->list, list) {
329 				if (s2->pid == pid && s2->valid)
330 					goto exists;
331 			}
332 			list_add(&s->list, &listeners->list);
333 			s = NULL;
334 exists:
335 			up_write(&listeners->sem);
336 			kfree(s); /* nop if NULL */
337 		}
338 		return 0;
339 	}
340 
341 	/* Deregister or cleanup */
342 cleanup:
343 	for_each_cpu(cpu, mask) {
344 		listeners = &per_cpu(listener_array, cpu);
345 		down_write(&listeners->sem);
346 		list_for_each_entry_safe(s, tmp, &listeners->list, list) {
347 			if (s->pid == pid) {
348 				list_del(&s->list);
349 				kfree(s);
350 				break;
351 			}
352 		}
353 		up_write(&listeners->sem);
354 	}
355 	return ret;
356 }
357 
358 static int parse(struct nlattr *na, struct cpumask *mask)
359 {
360 	char *data;
361 	int len;
362 	int ret;
363 
364 	len = nla_len(na);
365 	if (len > TASKSTATS_CPUMASK_MAXLEN)
366 		return -E2BIG;
367 	if (len < 1)
368 		return -EINVAL;
369 	data = nla_strdup(na, GFP_KERNEL);
370 	if (!data)
371 		return -ENOMEM;
372 	ret = cpulist_parse(data, mask);
373 	kfree(data);
374 	return ret;
375 }
376 
377 static struct taskstats *mk_reply(struct sk_buff *skb, int type, u32 pid)
378 {
379 	struct nlattr *na, *ret;
380 	int aggr;
381 
382 	aggr = (type == TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID)
383 			? TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_PID
384 			: TASKSTATS_TYPE_AGGR_TGID;
385 
386 	na = nla_nest_start_noflag(skb, aggr);
387 	if (!na)
388 		goto err;
389 
390 	if (nla_put(skb, type, sizeof(pid), &pid) < 0) {
391 		nla_nest_cancel(skb, na);
392 		goto err;
393 	}
394 	ret = nla_reserve_64bit(skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_STATS,
395 				sizeof(struct taskstats), TASKSTATS_TYPE_NULL);
396 	if (!ret) {
397 		nla_nest_cancel(skb, na);
398 		goto err;
399 	}
400 	nla_nest_end(skb, na);
401 
402 	return nla_data(ret);
403 err:
404 	return NULL;
405 }
406 
407 static int cgroupstats_user_cmd(struct sk_buff *skb, struct genl_info *info)
408 {
409 	int rc = 0;
410 	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
411 	struct cgroupstats *stats;
412 	struct nlattr *na;
413 	size_t size;
414 	u32 fd;
415 
416 	na = info->attrs[CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_FD];
417 	if (!na)
418 		return -EINVAL;
419 
420 	fd = nla_get_u32(info->attrs[CGROUPSTATS_CMD_ATTR_FD]);
421 	CLASS(fd, f)(fd);
422 	if (fd_empty(f))
423 		return -EBADF;
424 
425 	size = nla_total_size(sizeof(struct cgroupstats));
426 
427 	rc = prepare_reply(info, CGROUPSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb,
428 				size);
429 	if (rc < 0)
430 		return rc;
431 
432 	na = nla_reserve(rep_skb, CGROUPSTATS_TYPE_CGROUP_STATS,
433 				sizeof(struct cgroupstats));
434 	if (na == NULL) {
435 		nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
436 		return -EMSGSIZE;
437 	}
438 
439 	stats = nla_data(na);
440 	memset(stats, 0, sizeof(*stats));
441 
442 	rc = cgroupstats_build(stats, fd_file(f)->f_path.dentry);
443 	if (rc < 0) {
444 		nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
445 		return rc;
446 	}
447 
448 	return send_reply(rep_skb, info);
449 }
450 
451 static int cmd_attr_cpumask(struct genl_info *info, int attr,
452 			    enum actions action)
453 {
454 	cpumask_var_t mask __free(free_cpumask_var) = CPUMASK_VAR_NULL;
455 	int rc;
456 
457 	if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&mask, GFP_KERNEL))
458 		return -ENOMEM;
459 	rc = parse(info->attrs[attr], mask);
460 	if (rc < 0)
461 		return rc;
462 	return add_del_listener(info->snd_portid, mask, action);
463 }
464 
465 static size_t taskstats_packet_size(void)
466 {
467 	size_t size;
468 
469 	size = nla_total_size(sizeof(u32)) +
470 		nla_total_size_64bit(sizeof(struct taskstats)) +
471 		nla_total_size(0);
472 
473 	return size;
474 }
475 
476 static int cmd_attr_pid(struct genl_info *info)
477 {
478 	struct taskstats *stats;
479 	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
480 	size_t size;
481 	u32 pid;
482 	int rc;
483 
484 	size = taskstats_packet_size();
485 
486 	rc = prepare_reply(info, TASKSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb, size);
487 	if (rc < 0)
488 		return rc;
489 
490 	rc = -EINVAL;
491 	pid = nla_get_u32(info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID]);
492 	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID, pid);
493 	if (!stats)
494 		goto err;
495 
496 	rc = fill_stats_for_pid(pid, stats);
497 	if (rc < 0)
498 		goto err;
499 	return send_reply(rep_skb, info);
500 err:
501 	nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
502 	return rc;
503 }
504 
505 static int cmd_attr_tgid(struct genl_info *info)
506 {
507 	struct taskstats *stats;
508 	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
509 	size_t size;
510 	u32 tgid;
511 	int rc;
512 
513 	size = taskstats_packet_size();
514 
515 	rc = prepare_reply(info, TASKSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb, size);
516 	if (rc < 0)
517 		return rc;
518 
519 	rc = -EINVAL;
520 	tgid = nla_get_u32(info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID]);
521 	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_TGID, tgid);
522 	if (!stats)
523 		goto err;
524 
525 	rc = fill_stats_for_tgid(tgid, stats);
526 	if (rc < 0)
527 		goto err;
528 	return send_reply(rep_skb, info);
529 err:
530 	nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
531 	return rc;
532 }
533 
534 static int taskstats_user_cmd(struct sk_buff *skb, struct genl_info *info)
535 {
536 	if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER_CPUMASK])
537 		return cmd_attr_cpumask(info,
538 					TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_REGISTER_CPUMASK,
539 					REGISTER);
540 	else if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_DEREGISTER_CPUMASK])
541 		return cmd_attr_cpumask(info,
542 					TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_DEREGISTER_CPUMASK,
543 					DEREGISTER);
544 	else if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_PID])
545 		return cmd_attr_pid(info);
546 	else if (info->attrs[TASKSTATS_CMD_ATTR_TGID])
547 		return cmd_attr_tgid(info);
548 	else
549 		return -EINVAL;
550 }
551 
552 static struct taskstats *taskstats_tgid_alloc(struct task_struct *tsk)
553 {
554 	struct signal_struct *sig = tsk->signal;
555 	struct taskstats *stats_new, *stats;
556 
557 	/* Pairs with smp_store_release() below. */
558 	stats = smp_load_acquire(&sig->stats);
559 	if (stats || thread_group_empty(tsk))
560 		return stats;
561 
562 	/* No problem if kmem_cache_zalloc() fails */
563 	stats_new = kmem_cache_zalloc(taskstats_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
564 
565 	spin_lock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
566 	stats = sig->stats;
567 	if (!stats) {
568 		/*
569 		 * Pairs with smp_store_release() above and order the
570 		 * kmem_cache_zalloc().
571 		 */
572 		smp_store_release(&sig->stats, stats_new);
573 		stats = stats_new;
574 		stats_new = NULL;
575 	}
576 	spin_unlock_irq(&tsk->sighand->siglock);
577 
578 	if (stats_new)
579 		kmem_cache_free(taskstats_cache, stats_new);
580 
581 	return stats;
582 }
583 
584 /* Send pid data out on exit */
585 void taskstats_exit(struct task_struct *tsk, int group_dead)
586 {
587 	int rc;
588 	struct listener_list *listeners;
589 	struct taskstats *stats;
590 	struct sk_buff *rep_skb;
591 	size_t size;
592 	int is_thread_group;
593 
594 	if (!family_registered)
595 		return;
596 
597 	/*
598 	 * Size includes space for nested attributes
599 	 */
600 	size = taskstats_packet_size();
601 
602 	is_thread_group = !!taskstats_tgid_alloc(tsk);
603 	if (is_thread_group) {
604 		/* PID + STATS + TGID + STATS */
605 		size = 2 * size;
606 		/* fill the tsk->signal->stats structure */
607 		fill_tgid_exit(tsk);
608 	}
609 
610 	listeners = raw_cpu_ptr(&listener_array);
611 	if (list_empty(&listeners->list))
612 		return;
613 
614 	rc = prepare_reply(NULL, TASKSTATS_CMD_NEW, &rep_skb, size);
615 	if (rc < 0)
616 		return;
617 
618 	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_PID,
619 			 task_pid_nr_ns(tsk, &init_pid_ns));
620 	if (!stats)
621 		goto err;
622 
623 	fill_stats(&init_user_ns, &init_pid_ns, tsk, stats);
624 	if (group_dead)
625 		stats->ac_flag |= AGROUP;
626 
627 	/*
628 	 * Doesn't matter if tsk is the leader or the last group member leaving
629 	 */
630 	if (!is_thread_group || !group_dead)
631 		goto send;
632 
633 	stats = mk_reply(rep_skb, TASKSTATS_TYPE_TGID,
634 			 task_tgid_nr_ns(tsk, &init_pid_ns));
635 	if (!stats)
636 		goto err;
637 
638 	memcpy(stats, tsk->signal->stats, sizeof(*stats));
639 	stats->version = TASKSTATS_VERSION;
640 
641 send:
642 	send_cpu_listeners(rep_skb, listeners);
643 	return;
644 err:
645 	nlmsg_free(rep_skb);
646 }
647 
648 static const struct genl_ops taskstats_ops[] = {
649 	{
650 		.cmd		= TASKSTATS_CMD_GET,
651 		.validate = GENL_DONT_VALIDATE_STRICT | GENL_DONT_VALIDATE_DUMP,
652 		.doit		= taskstats_user_cmd,
653 		.policy		= taskstats_cmd_get_policy,
654 		.maxattr	= ARRAY_SIZE(taskstats_cmd_get_policy) - 1,
655 		.flags		= GENL_ADMIN_PERM,
656 	},
657 	{
658 		.cmd		= CGROUPSTATS_CMD_GET,
659 		.validate = GENL_DONT_VALIDATE_STRICT | GENL_DONT_VALIDATE_DUMP,
660 		.doit		= cgroupstats_user_cmd,
661 		.policy		= cgroupstats_cmd_get_policy,
662 		.maxattr	= ARRAY_SIZE(cgroupstats_cmd_get_policy) - 1,
663 	},
664 };
665 
666 static struct genl_family family __ro_after_init = {
667 	.name		= TASKSTATS_GENL_NAME,
668 	.version	= TASKSTATS_GENL_VERSION,
669 	.module		= THIS_MODULE,
670 	.ops		= taskstats_ops,
671 	.n_ops		= ARRAY_SIZE(taskstats_ops),
672 	.resv_start_op	= CGROUPSTATS_CMD_GET + 1,
673 	.netnsok	= true,
674 };
675 
676 /* Needed early in initialization */
677 void __init taskstats_init_early(void)
678 {
679 	unsigned int i;
680 
681 	taskstats_cache = KMEM_CACHE(taskstats, SLAB_PANIC);
682 	for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
683 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&(per_cpu(listener_array, i).list));
684 		init_rwsem(&(per_cpu(listener_array, i).sem));
685 	}
686 }
687 
688 static int __init taskstats_init(void)
689 {
690 	int rc;
691 
692 	rc = genl_register_family(&family);
693 	if (rc)
694 		return rc;
695 
696 	family_registered = 1;
697 	pr_info("registered taskstats version %d\n", TASKSTATS_GENL_VERSION);
698 	return 0;
699 }
700 
701 /*
702  * late initcall ensures initialization of statistics collection
703  * mechanisms precedes initialization of the taskstats interface
704  */
705 late_initcall(taskstats_init);
706