xref: /linux/kernel/sched/ext/sub.h (revision 6ea3be36808100336dffb4b04a6e5a483a26a649)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 /*
3  * BPF extensible scheduler class: Documentation/scheduler/sched-ext.rst
4  *
5  * Sub-scheduler hierarchy support.
6  *
7  * Copyright (c) 2026 Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
8  * Copyright (c) 2026 Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
9  */
10 #ifndef _KERNEL_SCHED_EXT_SUB_H
11 #define _KERNEL_SCHED_EXT_SUB_H
12 
13 #include "internal.h"
14 #include "cid.h"
15 
16 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED
17 
18 struct scx_sched *scx_skip_subtree_pre(struct scx_sched *pos, struct scx_sched *root);
19 struct scx_sched *scx_next_descendant_pre(struct scx_sched *pos, struct scx_sched *root);
20 void scx_set_task_sched(struct task_struct *p, struct scx_sched *sch);
21 struct cgroup *sch_cgroup(struct scx_sched *sch);
22 void set_cgroup_sched(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct scx_sched *sch);
23 void scx_pstack_recursion_on_dispatch(struct bpf_prog *prog);
24 void scx_pstack_recursion_on_caps_updated(struct bpf_prog *prog);
25 void drain_descendants(struct scx_sched *sch);
26 void scx_sub_disable(struct scx_sched *sch);
27 void scx_sub_enable_workfn(struct kthread_work *work);
28 bool scx_bpf_sub_dispatch(u64 cgroup_id, const struct bpf_prog_aux *aux);
29 void scx_free_pshards(struct scx_sched *sch);
30 s32 scx_alloc_pshards(struct scx_sched *sch);
31 void scx_init_root_caps(struct scx_sched *sch);
32 void scx_process_sync_ecaps(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev);
33 void scx_online_ecaps(struct rq *rq);
34 void scx_offline_ecaps(struct rq *rq);
35 void scx_discard_ecaps_to_sync(s32 cpu, struct scx_sched_pcpu *pcpu);
36 void scx_discard_stale_ecaps_syncs(void);
37 struct scx_dispatch_q *scx_local_or_reject_dsq(struct scx_sched *sch, struct rq *rq,
38 					       struct task_struct *p, u64 *enq_flags);
39 bool scx_task_reenq_on_cap_revoke(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p);
40 void scx_reenq_reject(struct rq *rq);
41 
42 static inline const char *sch_cgrp_path(struct scx_sched *sch)
43 {
44 	return sch->cgrp_path;
45 }
46 
47 #else	/* CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED */
48 
49 static inline struct scx_sched *scx_next_descendant_pre(struct scx_sched *pos, struct scx_sched *root) { return pos ? NULL : root; }
50 static inline struct scx_sched *scx_skip_subtree_pre(struct scx_sched *pos, struct scx_sched *root) { return NULL; }
51 static inline void scx_set_task_sched(struct task_struct *p, struct scx_sched *sch) {}
52 static inline struct cgroup *sch_cgroup(struct scx_sched *sch) { return NULL; }
53 static inline const char *sch_cgrp_path(struct scx_sched *sch) { return "/"; }
54 static inline void set_cgroup_sched(struct cgroup *cgrp, struct scx_sched *sch) {}
55 static inline void drain_descendants(struct scx_sched *sch) { }
56 static inline void scx_sub_disable(struct scx_sched *sch) { }
57 static inline void scx_free_pshards(struct scx_sched *sch) {}
58 static inline s32 scx_alloc_pshards(struct scx_sched *sch) { return 0; }
59 static inline void scx_init_root_caps(struct scx_sched *sch) {}
60 static inline void scx_process_sync_ecaps(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *prev) {}
61 static inline void scx_online_ecaps(struct rq *rq) {}
62 static inline void scx_offline_ecaps(struct rq *rq) {}
63 static inline void scx_discard_ecaps_to_sync(s32 cpu, struct scx_sched_pcpu *pcpu) {}
64 static inline void scx_discard_stale_ecaps_syncs(void) {}
65 static inline struct scx_dispatch_q *scx_local_or_reject_dsq(struct scx_sched *sch, struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p, u64 *enq_flags) { return &rq->scx.local_dsq; }
66 static inline bool scx_task_reenq_on_cap_revoke(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p) { return false; }
67 static inline void scx_reenq_reject(struct rq *rq) {}
68 
69 #endif	/* CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED */
70 
71 /**
72  * scx_for_each_descendant_pre - pre-order walk of a sched's descendants
73  * @pos: iteration cursor
74  * @root: sched to walk the descendants of
75  *
76  * Walk @root's descendants. @root is included in the iteration and the first
77  * node to be visited. Must be called with scx_enable_mutex, scx_sched_lock, or
78  * RCU read lock.
79  */
80 #define scx_for_each_descendant_pre(pos, root)					\
81 	for ((pos) = scx_next_descendant_pre(NULL, (root)); (pos);		\
82 	     (pos) = scx_next_descendant_pre((pos), (root)))
83 
84 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED
85 
86 /**
87  * scx_missing_caps - The caps in @needed that @sch lacks on @cpu
88  * @sch: sched to test
89  * @cpu: cpu to test on
90  * @needed: bitmask of SCX_CAP_* values
91  *
92  * Return the caps in @needed that @sch lacks for @cpu, 0 if it holds them all.
93  */
94 static inline u64 scx_missing_caps(struct scx_sched *sch, s32 cpu, u64 needed)
95 {
96 	u64 ecaps;
97 
98 	/* root holds every cap on every cpu */
99 	if (!sch->level)
100 		return 0;
101 
102 	ecaps = READ_ONCE(per_cpu_ptr(sch->pcpu, cpu)->ecaps);
103 
104 	return needed & ~ecaps;
105 }
106 
107 /*
108  * Cap semantics: which caps an action requires, and which caps a cap implies.
109  * Keep all such mappings collected here.
110  */
111 
112 /* map @enq_flags to the SCX_CAP_* bit required for the local-DSQ insert */
113 static inline u64 scx_caps_for_enq(u64 enq_flags)
114 {
115 	/* a restored task must be put into the local DSQ regardless of caps */
116 	if (enq_flags & SCX_ENQ_IGNORE_CAPS)
117 		return 0;
118 	if (enq_flags & SCX_ENQ_IMMED)
119 		return SCX_CAP_ENQ_IMMED;
120 	return SCX_CAP_ENQ;
121 }
122 
123 /* map queued @p to the SCX_CAP_* bit required to stay on its local DSQ */
124 static inline u64 scx_caps_for_task(struct task_struct *p)
125 {
126 	if (p->scx.flags & SCX_TASK_IMMED)
127 		return SCX_CAP_ENQ_IMMED;
128 	return SCX_CAP_ENQ;
129 }
130 
131 /* the cap @sch needs to preempt @rq's current task, 0 if none */
132 static inline u64 scx_caps_for_preempt(struct scx_sched *sch, struct rq *rq)
133 {
134 	struct task_struct *curr = rq->curr;
135 
136 	/* a non-ext task can't be preempted by ext, own-subtree needs no cap */
137 	if (curr->sched_class != &ext_sched_class ||
138 	    scx_is_descendant(scx_task_sched(curr), sch))
139 		return 0;
140 	return SCX_CAP_PREEMPT;
141 }
142 
143 /* caps implied by holding @cap */
144 static inline u64 scx_caps_implied(u64 cap)
145 {
146 	switch (cap) {
147 	case SCX_CAP_PREEMPT:
148 		return SCX_CAP_ENQ | SCX_CAP_ENQ_IMMED;
149 	case SCX_CAP_ENQ:
150 		return SCX_CAP_ENQ_IMMED;
151 	}
152 	return 0;
153 }
154 
155 /* may @p keep running on @rq's cpu? requires baseline cpu access */
156 static inline bool scx_task_can_stay_on_cpu(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p)
157 {
158 	/* a migration-disabled task is let in without caps, keep it likewise */
159 	if (unlikely(is_migration_disabled(p)))
160 		return true;
161 
162 	return likely(!scx_missing_caps(scx_task_sched(p), cpu_of(rq), SCX_CAP_BASE));
163 }
164 
165 #else	/* CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED */
166 
167 static inline u64 scx_missing_caps(struct scx_sched *sch, s32 cpu, u64 needed) { return 0; }
168 static inline u64 scx_caps_for_preempt(struct scx_sched *sch, struct rq *rq) { return 0; }
169 static inline bool scx_task_can_stay_on_cpu(struct rq *rq, struct task_struct *p) { return true; }
170 
171 #endif	/* CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED */
172 
173 /*
174  * One user of this function is scx_bpf_dispatch() which can be called
175  * recursively as sub-sched dispatches nest. Always inline to reduce stack usage
176  * from the call frame.
177  */
178 static __always_inline bool
179 scx_dispatch_sched(struct scx_sched *sch, struct rq *rq,
180 		   struct task_struct *prev, bool nested)
181 {
182 	struct scx_dsp_ctx *dspc = &this_cpu_ptr(sch->pcpu)->dsp_ctx;
183 	int nr_loops = SCX_DSP_MAX_LOOPS;
184 	s32 cpu = cpu_of(rq);
185 	bool prev_on_sch = (prev->sched_class == &ext_sched_class) &&
186 		scx_task_on_sched(sch, prev);
187 
188 	if (scx_consume_global_dsq(sch, rq))
189 		return true;
190 
191 	if (scx_bypass_dsp_enabled(sch)) {
192 		/* if @sch is bypassing, only the bypass DSQs are active */
193 		if (scx_bypassing(sch, cpu))
194 			return scx_consume_dispatch_q(sch, rq, scx_bypass_dsq(sch, cpu), 0);
195 
196 #ifdef CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED
197 		/*
198 		 * If @sch isn't bypassing but its children are, @sch is
199 		 * responsible for making forward progress for both its own
200 		 * tasks that aren't bypassing and the bypassing descendants'
201 		 * tasks. The following implements a simple built-in behavior -
202 		 * let each CPU try to run the bypass DSQ every Nth time.
203 		 *
204 		 * Later, if necessary, we can add an ops flag to suppress the
205 		 * auto-consumption and a kfunc to consume the bypass DSQ and,
206 		 * so that the BPF scheduler can fully control scheduling of
207 		 * bypassed tasks.
208 		 */
209 		struct scx_sched_pcpu *pcpu = per_cpu_ptr(sch->pcpu, cpu);
210 
211 		if (!(pcpu->bypass_host_seq++ % SCX_BYPASS_HOST_NTH) &&
212 		    scx_consume_dispatch_q(sch, rq, scx_bypass_dsq(sch, cpu), 0)) {
213 			__scx_add_event(sch, SCX_EV_SUB_BYPASS_DISPATCH, 1);
214 			return true;
215 		}
216 #endif	/* CONFIG_EXT_SUB_SCHED */
217 	}
218 
219 	if (unlikely(!SCX_HAS_OP(sch, dispatch)) || !scx_rq_online(rq))
220 		return false;
221 
222 	dspc->rq = rq;
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * The dispatch loop. Because scx_flush_dispatch_buf() may drop the rq
226 	 * lock, the local DSQ might still end up empty after a successful
227 	 * ops.dispatch(). If the local DSQ is empty even after ops.dispatch()
228 	 * produced some tasks, retry. The BPF scheduler may depend on this
229 	 * looping behavior to simplify its implementation.
230 	 */
231 	do {
232 		dspc->nr_tasks = 0;
233 
234 		if (nested) {
235 			SCX_CALL_OP(sch, dispatch, rq, scx_cpu_arg(cpu),
236 				    prev_on_sch ? prev : NULL);
237 		} else {
238 			/* stash @prev so that nested invocations can access it */
239 			rq->scx.sub_dispatch_prev = prev;
240 			SCX_CALL_OP(sch, dispatch, rq, scx_cpu_arg(cpu),
241 				    prev_on_sch ? prev : NULL);
242 			rq->scx.sub_dispatch_prev = NULL;
243 		}
244 
245 		scx_flush_dispatch_buf(sch, rq);
246 
247 		if ((prev->scx.flags & SCX_TASK_QUEUED) && prev->scx.slice) {
248 			rq->scx.flags |= SCX_RQ_BAL_KEEP;
249 			return true;
250 		}
251 		if (rq->scx.local_dsq.nr)
252 			return true;
253 		if (scx_consume_global_dsq(sch, rq))
254 			return true;
255 
256 		/*
257 		 * ops.dispatch() can trap us in this loop by repeatedly
258 		 * dispatching ineligible tasks. Break out once in a while to
259 		 * allow the watchdog to run. As IRQ can't be enabled in
260 		 * balance(), we want to complete this scheduling cycle and then
261 		 * start a new one. IOW, we want to call resched_curr() on the
262 		 * next, most likely idle, task, not the current one. Use
263 		 * __scx_bpf_kick_cpu() for deferred kicking.
264 		 */
265 		if (unlikely(!--nr_loops)) {
266 			scx_kick_cpu(sch, cpu, 0);
267 			break;
268 		}
269 	} while (dspc->nr_tasks);
270 
271 	/*
272 	 * Prevent the CPU from going idle while bypassed descendants have tasks
273 	 * queued. Without this fallback, bypassed tasks could stall if the host
274 	 * scheduler's ops.dispatch() doesn't yield any tasks.
275 	 */
276 	if (scx_bypass_dsp_enabled(sch))
277 		return scx_consume_dispatch_q(sch, rq, scx_bypass_dsq(sch, cpu), 0);
278 
279 	return false;
280 }
281 
282 #endif /* _KERNEL_SCHED_EXT_SUB_H */
283