xref: /linux/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h (revision 811f35ff59b6f99ae272d6f5b96bc9e974f88196)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
2 /*
3  * RCU expedited grace periods
4  *
5  * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2016
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
11 
12 static void rcu_exp_handler(void *unused);
13 static int rcu_print_task_exp_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp);
14 
15 /*
16  * Record the start of an expedited grace period.
17  */
18 static void rcu_exp_gp_seq_start(void)
19 {
20 	rcu_seq_start(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
21 	rcu_poll_gp_seq_start_unlocked(&rcu_state.gp_seq_polled_exp_snap);
22 }
23 
24 /*
25  * Return the value that the expedited-grace-period counter will have
26  * at the end of the current grace period.
27  */
28 static __maybe_unused unsigned long rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(void)
29 {
30 	return rcu_seq_endval(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
31 }
32 
33 /*
34  * Record the end of an expedited grace period.
35  */
36 static void rcu_exp_gp_seq_end(void)
37 {
38 	rcu_poll_gp_seq_end_unlocked(&rcu_state.gp_seq_polled_exp_snap);
39 	rcu_seq_end(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
40 	smp_mb(); /* Ensure that consecutive grace periods serialize. */
41 }
42 
43 /*
44  * Take a snapshot of the expedited-grace-period counter, which is the
45  * earliest value that will indicate that a full grace period has
46  * elapsed since the current time.
47  */
48 static unsigned long rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap(void)
49 {
50 	unsigned long s;
51 
52 	smp_mb(); /* Caller's modifications seen first by other CPUs. */
53 	s = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
54 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("snap"));
55 	return s;
56 }
57 
58 /*
59  * Given a counter snapshot from rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap(), return true
60  * if a full expedited grace period has elapsed since that snapshot
61  * was taken.
62  */
63 static bool rcu_exp_gp_seq_done(unsigned long s)
64 {
65 	return rcu_seq_done(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, s);
66 }
67 
68 /*
69  * Reset the ->expmaskinit values in the rcu_node tree to reflect any
70  * recent CPU-online activity.  Note that these masks are not cleared
71  * when CPUs go offline, so they reflect the union of all CPUs that have
72  * ever been online.  This means that this function normally takes its
73  * no-work-to-do fastpath.
74  */
75 static void sync_exp_reset_tree_hotplug(void)
76 {
77 	bool done;
78 	unsigned long flags;
79 	unsigned long mask;
80 	unsigned long oldmask;
81 	int ncpus = smp_load_acquire(&rcu_state.ncpus); /* Order vs. locking. */
82 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
83 	struct rcu_node *rnp_up;
84 
85 	/* If no new CPUs onlined since last time, nothing to do. */
86 	if (likely(ncpus == rcu_state.ncpus_snap))
87 		return;
88 	rcu_state.ncpus_snap = ncpus;
89 
90 	/*
91 	 * Each pass through the following loop propagates newly onlined
92 	 * CPUs for the current rcu_node structure up the rcu_node tree.
93 	 */
94 	rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
95 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
96 		if (rnp->expmaskinit == rnp->expmaskinitnext) {
97 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
98 			continue;  /* No new CPUs, nothing to do. */
99 		}
100 
101 		/* Update this node's mask, track old value for propagation. */
102 		oldmask = rnp->expmaskinit;
103 		rnp->expmaskinit = rnp->expmaskinitnext;
104 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
105 
106 		/* If was already nonzero, nothing to propagate. */
107 		if (oldmask)
108 			continue;
109 
110 		/* Propagate the new CPU up the tree. */
111 		mask = rnp->grpmask;
112 		rnp_up = rnp->parent;
113 		done = false;
114 		while (rnp_up) {
115 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp_up, flags);
116 			if (rnp_up->expmaskinit)
117 				done = true;
118 			rnp_up->expmaskinit |= mask;
119 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp_up, flags);
120 			if (done)
121 				break;
122 			mask = rnp_up->grpmask;
123 			rnp_up = rnp_up->parent;
124 		}
125 	}
126 }
127 
128 /*
129  * Reset the ->expmask values in the rcu_node tree in preparation for
130  * a new expedited grace period.
131  */
132 static void __maybe_unused sync_exp_reset_tree(void)
133 {
134 	unsigned long flags;
135 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
136 
137 	sync_exp_reset_tree_hotplug();
138 	rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rnp) {
139 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
140 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rnp->expmask);
141 		WRITE_ONCE(rnp->expmask, rnp->expmaskinit);
142 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
143 	}
144 }
145 
146 /*
147  * Return non-zero if there is no RCU expedited grace period in progress
148  * for the specified rcu_node structure, in other words, if all CPUs and
149  * tasks covered by the specified rcu_node structure have done their bit
150  * for the current expedited grace period.
151  */
152 static bool sync_rcu_exp_done(struct rcu_node *rnp)
153 {
154 	raw_lockdep_assert_held_rcu_node(rnp);
155 	return READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_tasks) == NULL &&
156 	       READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) == 0;
157 }
158 
159 /*
160  * Like sync_rcu_exp_done(), but where the caller does not hold the
161  * rcu_node's ->lock.
162  */
163 static bool sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(struct rcu_node *rnp)
164 {
165 	unsigned long flags;
166 	bool ret;
167 
168 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
169 	ret = sync_rcu_exp_done(rnp);
170 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
171 
172 	return ret;
173 }
174 
175 
176 /*
177  * Report the exit from RCU read-side critical section for the last task
178  * that queued itself during or before the current expedited preemptible-RCU
179  * grace period.  This event is reported either to the rcu_node structure on
180  * which the task was queued or to one of that rcu_node structure's ancestors,
181  * recursively up the tree.  (Calm down, calm down, we do the recursion
182  * iteratively!)
183  */
184 static void __rcu_report_exp_rnp(struct rcu_node *rnp,
185 				 bool wake, unsigned long flags)
186 	__releases(rnp->lock)
187 {
188 	unsigned long mask;
189 
190 	raw_lockdep_assert_held_rcu_node(rnp);
191 	for (;;) {
192 		if (!sync_rcu_exp_done(rnp)) {
193 			if (!rnp->expmask)
194 				rcu_initiate_boost(rnp, flags);
195 			else
196 				raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
197 			break;
198 		}
199 		if (rnp->parent == NULL) {
200 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
201 			if (wake) {
202 				smp_mb(); /* EGP done before wake_up(). */
203 				swake_up_one(&rcu_state.expedited_wq);
204 			}
205 			break;
206 		}
207 		mask = rnp->grpmask;
208 		raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs remain disabled */
209 		rnp = rnp->parent;
210 		raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs already disabled */
211 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!(rnp->expmask & mask));
212 		WRITE_ONCE(rnp->expmask, rnp->expmask & ~mask);
213 	}
214 }
215 
216 /*
217  * Report expedited quiescent state for specified node.  This is a
218  * lock-acquisition wrapper function for __rcu_report_exp_rnp().
219  */
220 static void __maybe_unused rcu_report_exp_rnp(struct rcu_node *rnp, bool wake)
221 {
222 	unsigned long flags;
223 
224 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
225 	__rcu_report_exp_rnp(rnp, wake, flags);
226 }
227 
228 /*
229  * Report expedited quiescent state for multiple CPUs, all covered by the
230  * specified leaf rcu_node structure.
231  */
232 static void rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(struct rcu_node *rnp,
233 				    unsigned long mask, bool wake)
234 {
235 	int cpu;
236 	unsigned long flags;
237 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
238 
239 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
240 	if (!(rnp->expmask & mask)) {
241 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
242 		return;
243 	}
244 	WRITE_ONCE(rnp->expmask, rnp->expmask & ~mask);
245 	for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, mask) {
246 		rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
247 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL) || !rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp)
248 			continue;
249 		rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp = false;
250 		tick_dep_clear_cpu(cpu, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU_EXP);
251 	}
252 	__rcu_report_exp_rnp(rnp, wake, flags); /* Releases rnp->lock. */
253 }
254 
255 /*
256  * Report expedited quiescent state for specified rcu_data (CPU).
257  */
258 static void rcu_report_exp_rdp(struct rcu_data *rdp)
259 {
260 	WRITE_ONCE(rdp->cpu_no_qs.b.exp, false);
261 	rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(rdp->mynode, rdp->grpmask, true);
262 }
263 
264 /* Common code for work-done checking. */
265 static bool sync_exp_work_done(unsigned long s)
266 {
267 	if (rcu_exp_gp_seq_done(s)) {
268 		trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("done"));
269 		smp_mb(); /* Ensure test happens before caller kfree(). */
270 		return true;
271 	}
272 	return false;
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * Funnel-lock acquisition for expedited grace periods.  Returns true
277  * if some other task completed an expedited grace period that this task
278  * can piggy-back on, and with no mutex held.  Otherwise, returns false
279  * with the mutex held, indicating that the caller must actually do the
280  * expedited grace period.
281  */
282 static bool exp_funnel_lock(unsigned long s)
283 {
284 	struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, raw_smp_processor_id());
285 	struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
286 	struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root();
287 
288 	/* Low-contention fastpath. */
289 	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq), s) &&
290 	    (rnp == rnp_root ||
291 	     ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp_root->exp_seq_rq), s)) &&
292 	    mutex_trylock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex))
293 		goto fastpath;
294 
295 	/*
296 	 * Each pass through the following loop works its way up
297 	 * the rcu_node tree, returning if others have done the work or
298 	 * otherwise falls through to acquire ->exp_mutex.  The mapping
299 	 * from CPU to rcu_node structure can be inexact, as it is just
300 	 * promoting locality and is not strictly needed for correctness.
301 	 */
302 	for (; rnp != NULL; rnp = rnp->parent) {
303 		if (sync_exp_work_done(s))
304 			return true;
305 
306 		/* Work not done, either wait here or go up. */
307 		spin_lock(&rnp->exp_lock);
308 		if (ULONG_CMP_GE(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s)) {
309 
310 			/* Someone else doing GP, so wait for them. */
311 			spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
312 			trace_rcu_exp_funnel_lock(rcu_state.name, rnp->level,
313 						  rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi,
314 						  TPS("wait"));
315 			wait_event(rnp->exp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(s) & 0x3],
316 				   sync_exp_work_done(s));
317 			return true;
318 		}
319 		WRITE_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s); /* Followers can wait on us. */
320 		spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
321 		trace_rcu_exp_funnel_lock(rcu_state.name, rnp->level,
322 					  rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi, TPS("nxtlvl"));
323 	}
324 	mutex_lock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex);
325 fastpath:
326 	if (sync_exp_work_done(s)) {
327 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex);
328 		return true;
329 	}
330 	rcu_exp_gp_seq_start();
331 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("start"));
332 	return false;
333 }
334 
335 /*
336  * Select the CPUs within the specified rcu_node that the upcoming
337  * expedited grace period needs to wait for.
338  */
339 static void __sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(struct rcu_exp_work *rewp)
340 {
341 	int cpu;
342 	unsigned long flags;
343 	unsigned long mask_ofl_test;
344 	unsigned long mask_ofl_ipi;
345 	int ret;
346 	struct rcu_node *rnp = container_of(rewp, struct rcu_node, rew);
347 
348 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
349 
350 	/* Each pass checks a CPU for identity, offline, and idle. */
351 	mask_ofl_test = 0;
352 	for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, rnp->expmask) {
353 		struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
354 		unsigned long mask = rdp->grpmask;
355 		int snap;
356 
357 		if (raw_smp_processor_id() == cpu ||
358 		    !(rnp->qsmaskinitnext & mask)) {
359 			mask_ofl_test |= mask;
360 		} else {
361 			snap = rcu_dynticks_snap(cpu);
362 			if (rcu_dynticks_in_eqs(snap))
363 				mask_ofl_test |= mask;
364 			else
365 				rdp->exp_dynticks_snap = snap;
366 		}
367 	}
368 	mask_ofl_ipi = rnp->expmask & ~mask_ofl_test;
369 
370 	/*
371 	 * Need to wait for any blocked tasks as well.	Note that
372 	 * additional blocking tasks will also block the expedited GP
373 	 * until such time as the ->expmask bits are cleared.
374 	 */
375 	if (rcu_preempt_has_tasks(rnp))
376 		WRITE_ONCE(rnp->exp_tasks, rnp->blkd_tasks.next);
377 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
378 
379 	/* IPI the remaining CPUs for expedited quiescent state. */
380 	for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, mask_ofl_ipi) {
381 		struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
382 		unsigned long mask = rdp->grpmask;
383 
384 retry_ipi:
385 		if (rcu_dynticks_in_eqs_since(rdp, rdp->exp_dynticks_snap)) {
386 			mask_ofl_test |= mask;
387 			continue;
388 		}
389 		if (get_cpu() == cpu) {
390 			mask_ofl_test |= mask;
391 			put_cpu();
392 			continue;
393 		}
394 		ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, rcu_exp_handler, NULL, 0);
395 		put_cpu();
396 		/* The CPU will report the QS in response to the IPI. */
397 		if (!ret)
398 			continue;
399 
400 		/* Failed, raced with CPU hotplug operation. */
401 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
402 		if ((rnp->qsmaskinitnext & mask) &&
403 		    (rnp->expmask & mask)) {
404 			/* Online, so delay for a bit and try again. */
405 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
406 			trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("selectofl"));
407 			schedule_timeout_idle(1);
408 			goto retry_ipi;
409 		}
410 		/* CPU really is offline, so we must report its QS. */
411 		if (rnp->expmask & mask)
412 			mask_ofl_test |= mask;
413 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
414 	}
415 	/* Report quiescent states for those that went offline. */
416 	if (mask_ofl_test)
417 		rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(rnp, mask_ofl_test, false);
418 }
419 
420 static void rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(unsigned long s);
421 
422 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_EXP_KTHREAD
423 static void sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(struct kthread_work *wp)
424 {
425 	struct rcu_exp_work *rewp =
426 		container_of(wp, struct rcu_exp_work, rew_work);
427 
428 	__sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(rewp);
429 }
430 
431 static inline bool rcu_gp_par_worker_started(void)
432 {
433 	return !!READ_ONCE(rcu_exp_par_gp_kworker);
434 }
435 
436 static inline void sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus_queue_work(struct rcu_node *rnp)
437 {
438 	kthread_init_work(&rnp->rew.rew_work, sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus);
439 	/*
440 	 * Use rcu_exp_par_gp_kworker, because flushing a work item from
441 	 * another work item on the same kthread worker can result in
442 	 * deadlock.
443 	 */
444 	kthread_queue_work(rcu_exp_par_gp_kworker, &rnp->rew.rew_work);
445 }
446 
447 static inline void sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus_flush_work(struct rcu_node *rnp)
448 {
449 	kthread_flush_work(&rnp->rew.rew_work);
450 }
451 
452 /*
453  * Work-queue handler to drive an expedited grace period forward.
454  */
455 static void wait_rcu_exp_gp(struct kthread_work *wp)
456 {
457 	struct rcu_exp_work *rewp;
458 
459 	rewp = container_of(wp, struct rcu_exp_work, rew_work);
460 	rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(rewp->rew_s);
461 }
462 
463 static inline void synchronize_rcu_expedited_queue_work(struct rcu_exp_work *rew)
464 {
465 	kthread_init_work(&rew->rew_work, wait_rcu_exp_gp);
466 	kthread_queue_work(rcu_exp_gp_kworker, &rew->rew_work);
467 }
468 
469 static inline void synchronize_rcu_expedited_destroy_work(struct rcu_exp_work *rew)
470 {
471 }
472 #else /* !CONFIG_RCU_EXP_KTHREAD */
473 static void sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(struct work_struct *wp)
474 {
475 	struct rcu_exp_work *rewp =
476 		container_of(wp, struct rcu_exp_work, rew_work);
477 
478 	__sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(rewp);
479 }
480 
481 static inline bool rcu_gp_par_worker_started(void)
482 {
483 	return !!READ_ONCE(rcu_par_gp_wq);
484 }
485 
486 static inline void sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus_queue_work(struct rcu_node *rnp)
487 {
488 	int cpu = find_next_bit(&rnp->ffmask, BITS_PER_LONG, -1);
489 
490 	INIT_WORK(&rnp->rew.rew_work, sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus);
491 	/* If all offline, queue the work on an unbound CPU. */
492 	if (unlikely(cpu > rnp->grphi - rnp->grplo))
493 		cpu = WORK_CPU_UNBOUND;
494 	else
495 		cpu += rnp->grplo;
496 	queue_work_on(cpu, rcu_par_gp_wq, &rnp->rew.rew_work);
497 }
498 
499 static inline void sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus_flush_work(struct rcu_node *rnp)
500 {
501 	flush_work(&rnp->rew.rew_work);
502 }
503 
504 /*
505  * Work-queue handler to drive an expedited grace period forward.
506  */
507 static void wait_rcu_exp_gp(struct work_struct *wp)
508 {
509 	struct rcu_exp_work *rewp;
510 
511 	rewp = container_of(wp, struct rcu_exp_work, rew_work);
512 	rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(rewp->rew_s);
513 }
514 
515 static inline void synchronize_rcu_expedited_queue_work(struct rcu_exp_work *rew)
516 {
517 	INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(&rew->rew_work, wait_rcu_exp_gp);
518 	queue_work(rcu_gp_wq, &rew->rew_work);
519 }
520 
521 static inline void synchronize_rcu_expedited_destroy_work(struct rcu_exp_work *rew)
522 {
523 	destroy_work_on_stack(&rew->rew_work);
524 }
525 #endif /* CONFIG_RCU_EXP_KTHREAD */
526 
527 /*
528  * Select the nodes that the upcoming expedited grace period needs
529  * to wait for.
530  */
531 static void sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus(void)
532 {
533 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
534 
535 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("reset"));
536 	sync_exp_reset_tree();
537 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("select"));
538 
539 	/* Schedule work for each leaf rcu_node structure. */
540 	rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
541 		rnp->exp_need_flush = false;
542 		if (!READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask))
543 			continue; /* Avoid early boot non-existent wq. */
544 		if (!rcu_gp_par_worker_started() ||
545 		    rcu_scheduler_active != RCU_SCHEDULER_RUNNING ||
546 		    rcu_is_last_leaf_node(rnp)) {
547 			/* No worker started yet or last leaf, do direct call. */
548 			sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(&rnp->rew.rew_work);
549 			continue;
550 		}
551 		sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus_queue_work(rnp);
552 		rnp->exp_need_flush = true;
553 	}
554 
555 	/* Wait for jobs (if any) to complete. */
556 	rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp)
557 		if (rnp->exp_need_flush)
558 			sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus_flush_work(rnp);
559 }
560 
561 /*
562  * Wait for the expedited grace period to elapse, within time limit.
563  * If the time limit is exceeded without the grace period elapsing,
564  * return false, otherwise return true.
565  */
566 static bool synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(long tlimit)
567 {
568 	int t;
569 	struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root();
570 
571 	t = swait_event_timeout_exclusive(rcu_state.expedited_wq,
572 					  sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(rnp_root),
573 					  tlimit);
574 	// Workqueues should not be signaled.
575 	if (t > 0 || sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(rnp_root))
576 		return true;
577 	WARN_ON(t < 0);  /* workqueues should not be signaled. */
578 	return false;
579 }
580 
581 /*
582  * Wait for the expedited grace period to elapse, issuing any needed
583  * RCU CPU stall warnings along the way.
584  */
585 static void synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait(void)
586 {
587 	int cpu;
588 	unsigned long j;
589 	unsigned long jiffies_stall;
590 	unsigned long jiffies_start;
591 	unsigned long mask;
592 	int ndetected;
593 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
594 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
595 	struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root();
596 
597 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("startwait"));
598 	jiffies_stall = rcu_exp_jiffies_till_stall_check();
599 	jiffies_start = jiffies;
600 	if (tick_nohz_full_enabled() && rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended()) {
601 		if (synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(1))
602 			return;
603 		rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
604 			mask = READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask);
605 			for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, mask) {
606 				rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
607 				if (rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp)
608 					continue;
609 				rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp = true;
610 				preempt_disable();
611 				if (cpu_online(cpu))
612 					tick_dep_set_cpu(cpu, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU_EXP);
613 				preempt_enable();
614 			}
615 		}
616 		j = READ_ONCE(jiffies_till_first_fqs);
617 		if (synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(j + HZ))
618 			return;
619 	}
620 
621 	for (;;) {
622 		if (synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(jiffies_stall))
623 			return;
624 		if (rcu_stall_is_suppressed())
625 			continue;
626 		trace_rcu_stall_warning(rcu_state.name, TPS("ExpeditedStall"));
627 		pr_err("INFO: %s detected expedited stalls on CPUs/tasks: {",
628 		       rcu_state.name);
629 		ndetected = 0;
630 		rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
631 			ndetected += rcu_print_task_exp_stall(rnp);
632 			for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
633 				struct rcu_data *rdp;
634 
635 				mask = leaf_node_cpu_bit(rnp, cpu);
636 				if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & mask))
637 					continue;
638 				ndetected++;
639 				rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
640 				pr_cont(" %d-%c%c%c%c", cpu,
641 					"O."[!!cpu_online(cpu)],
642 					"o."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rnp->expmaskinit)],
643 					"N."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rnp->expmaskinitnext)],
644 					"D."[!!(rdp->cpu_no_qs.b.exp)]);
645 			}
646 		}
647 		pr_cont(" } %lu jiffies s: %lu root: %#lx/%c\n",
648 			jiffies - jiffies_start, rcu_state.expedited_sequence,
649 			data_race(rnp_root->expmask),
650 			".T"[!!data_race(rnp_root->exp_tasks)]);
651 		if (ndetected) {
652 			pr_err("blocking rcu_node structures (internal RCU debug):");
653 			rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rnp) {
654 				if (rnp == rnp_root)
655 					continue; /* printed unconditionally */
656 				if (sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(rnp))
657 					continue;
658 				pr_cont(" l=%u:%d-%d:%#lx/%c",
659 					rnp->level, rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi,
660 					data_race(rnp->expmask),
661 					".T"[!!data_race(rnp->exp_tasks)]);
662 			}
663 			pr_cont("\n");
664 		}
665 		rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
666 			for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
667 				mask = leaf_node_cpu_bit(rnp, cpu);
668 				if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & mask))
669 					continue;
670 				dump_cpu_task(cpu);
671 			}
672 		}
673 		jiffies_stall = 3 * rcu_exp_jiffies_till_stall_check() + 3;
674 		panic_on_rcu_stall();
675 	}
676 }
677 
678 /*
679  * Wait for the current expedited grace period to complete, and then
680  * wake up everyone who piggybacked on the just-completed expedited
681  * grace period.  Also update all the ->exp_seq_rq counters as needed
682  * in order to avoid counter-wrap problems.
683  */
684 static void rcu_exp_wait_wake(unsigned long s)
685 {
686 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
687 
688 	synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait();
689 
690 	// Switch over to wakeup mode, allowing the next GP to proceed.
691 	// End the previous grace period only after acquiring the mutex
692 	// to ensure that only one GP runs concurrently with wakeups.
693 	mutex_lock(&rcu_state.exp_wake_mutex);
694 	rcu_exp_gp_seq_end();
695 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("end"));
696 
697 	rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rnp) {
698 		if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq), s)) {
699 			spin_lock(&rnp->exp_lock);
700 			/* Recheck, avoid hang in case someone just arrived. */
701 			if (ULONG_CMP_LT(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s))
702 				WRITE_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s);
703 			spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
704 		}
705 		smp_mb(); /* All above changes before wakeup. */
706 		wake_up_all(&rnp->exp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(s) & 0x3]);
707 	}
708 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("endwake"));
709 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_state.exp_wake_mutex);
710 }
711 
712 /*
713  * Common code to drive an expedited grace period forward, used by
714  * workqueues and mid-boot-time tasks.
715  */
716 static void rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(unsigned long s)
717 {
718 	/* Initialize the rcu_node tree in preparation for the wait. */
719 	sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus();
720 
721 	/* Wait and clean up, including waking everyone. */
722 	rcu_exp_wait_wake(s);
723 }
724 
725 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU
726 
727 /*
728  * Remote handler for smp_call_function_single().  If there is an
729  * RCU read-side critical section in effect, request that the
730  * next rcu_read_unlock() record the quiescent state up the
731  * ->expmask fields in the rcu_node tree.  Otherwise, immediately
732  * report the quiescent state.
733  */
734 static void rcu_exp_handler(void *unused)
735 {
736 	int depth = rcu_preempt_depth();
737 	unsigned long flags;
738 	struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
739 	struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
740 	struct task_struct *t = current;
741 
742 	/*
743 	 * First, the common case of not being in an RCU read-side
744 	 * critical section.  If also enabled or idle, immediately
745 	 * report the quiescent state, otherwise defer.
746 	 */
747 	if (!depth) {
748 		if (!(preempt_count() & (PREEMPT_MASK | SOFTIRQ_MASK)) ||
749 		    rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle()) {
750 			rcu_report_exp_rdp(rdp);
751 		} else {
752 			WRITE_ONCE(rdp->cpu_no_qs.b.exp, true);
753 			set_tsk_need_resched(t);
754 			set_preempt_need_resched();
755 		}
756 		return;
757 	}
758 
759 	/*
760 	 * Second, the less-common case of being in an RCU read-side
761 	 * critical section.  In this case we can count on a future
762 	 * rcu_read_unlock().  However, this rcu_read_unlock() might
763 	 * execute on some other CPU, but in that case there will be
764 	 * a future context switch.  Either way, if the expedited
765 	 * grace period is still waiting on this CPU, set ->deferred_qs
766 	 * so that the eventual quiescent state will be reported.
767 	 * Note that there is a large group of race conditions that
768 	 * can have caused this quiescent state to already have been
769 	 * reported, so we really do need to check ->expmask.
770 	 */
771 	if (depth > 0) {
772 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
773 		if (rnp->expmask & rdp->grpmask) {
774 			WRITE_ONCE(rdp->cpu_no_qs.b.exp, true);
775 			t->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.exp_hint = true;
776 		}
777 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
778 		return;
779 	}
780 
781 	// Finally, negative nesting depth should not happen.
782 	WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
783 }
784 
785 /* PREEMPTION=y, so no PREEMPTION=n expedited grace period to clean up after. */
786 static void sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup(int cpu)
787 {
788 }
789 
790 /*
791  * Scan the current list of tasks blocked within RCU read-side critical
792  * sections, printing out the tid of each that is blocking the current
793  * expedited grace period.
794  */
795 static int rcu_print_task_exp_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp)
796 {
797 	unsigned long flags;
798 	int ndetected = 0;
799 	struct task_struct *t;
800 
801 	if (!READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_tasks))
802 		return 0;
803 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
804 	t = list_entry(rnp->exp_tasks->prev,
805 		       struct task_struct, rcu_node_entry);
806 	list_for_each_entry_continue(t, &rnp->blkd_tasks, rcu_node_entry) {
807 		pr_cont(" P%d", t->pid);
808 		ndetected++;
809 	}
810 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
811 	return ndetected;
812 }
813 
814 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
815 
816 /* Request an expedited quiescent state. */
817 static void rcu_exp_need_qs(void)
818 {
819 	__this_cpu_write(rcu_data.cpu_no_qs.b.exp, true);
820 	/* Store .exp before .rcu_urgent_qs. */
821 	smp_store_release(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data.rcu_urgent_qs), true);
822 	set_tsk_need_resched(current);
823 	set_preempt_need_resched();
824 }
825 
826 /* Invoked on each online non-idle CPU for expedited quiescent state. */
827 static void rcu_exp_handler(void *unused)
828 {
829 	struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
830 	struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
831 	bool preempt_bh_enabled = !(preempt_count() & (PREEMPT_MASK | SOFTIRQ_MASK));
832 
833 	if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & rdp->grpmask) ||
834 	    __this_cpu_read(rcu_data.cpu_no_qs.b.exp))
835 		return;
836 	if (rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle() ||
837 	    (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_COUNT) && preempt_bh_enabled)) {
838 		rcu_report_exp_rdp(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data));
839 		return;
840 	}
841 	rcu_exp_need_qs();
842 }
843 
844 /* Send IPI for expedited cleanup if needed at end of CPU-hotplug operation. */
845 static void sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup(int cpu)
846 {
847 	unsigned long flags;
848 	int my_cpu;
849 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
850 	int ret;
851 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
852 
853 	rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
854 	rnp = rdp->mynode;
855 	my_cpu = get_cpu();
856 	/* Quiescent state either not needed or already requested, leave. */
857 	if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & rdp->grpmask) ||
858 	    READ_ONCE(rdp->cpu_no_qs.b.exp)) {
859 		put_cpu();
860 		return;
861 	}
862 	/* Quiescent state needed on current CPU, so set it up locally. */
863 	if (my_cpu == cpu) {
864 		local_irq_save(flags);
865 		rcu_exp_need_qs();
866 		local_irq_restore(flags);
867 		put_cpu();
868 		return;
869 	}
870 	/* Quiescent state needed on some other CPU, send IPI. */
871 	ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, rcu_exp_handler, NULL, 0);
872 	put_cpu();
873 	WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
874 }
875 
876 /*
877  * Because preemptible RCU does not exist, we never have to check for
878  * tasks blocked within RCU read-side critical sections that are
879  * blocking the current expedited grace period.
880  */
881 static int rcu_print_task_exp_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp)
882 {
883 	return 0;
884 }
885 
886 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
887 
888 /**
889  * synchronize_rcu_expedited - Brute-force RCU grace period
890  *
891  * Wait for an RCU grace period, but expedite it.  The basic idea is to
892  * IPI all non-idle non-nohz online CPUs.  The IPI handler checks whether
893  * the CPU is in an RCU critical section, and if so, it sets a flag that
894  * causes the outermost rcu_read_unlock() to report the quiescent state
895  * for RCU-preempt or asks the scheduler for help for RCU-sched.  On the
896  * other hand, if the CPU is not in an RCU read-side critical section,
897  * the IPI handler reports the quiescent state immediately.
898  *
899  * Although this is a great improvement over previous expedited
900  * implementations, it is still unfriendly to real-time workloads, so is
901  * thus not recommended for any sort of common-case code.  In fact, if
902  * you are using synchronize_rcu_expedited() in a loop, please restructure
903  * your code to batch your updates, and then use a single synchronize_rcu()
904  * instead.
905  *
906  * This has the same semantics as (but is more brutal than) synchronize_rcu().
907  */
908 void synchronize_rcu_expedited(void)
909 {
910 	bool boottime = (rcu_scheduler_active == RCU_SCHEDULER_INIT);
911 	unsigned long flags;
912 	struct rcu_exp_work rew;
913 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
914 	unsigned long s;
915 
916 	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(lock_is_held(&rcu_bh_lock_map) ||
917 			 lock_is_held(&rcu_lock_map) ||
918 			 lock_is_held(&rcu_sched_lock_map),
919 			 "Illegal synchronize_rcu_expedited() in RCU read-side critical section");
920 
921 	/* Is the state is such that the call is a grace period? */
922 	if (rcu_blocking_is_gp()) {
923 		// Note well that this code runs with !PREEMPT && !SMP.
924 		// In addition, all code that advances grace periods runs
925 		// at process level.  Therefore, this expedited GP overlaps
926 		// with other expedited GPs only by being fully nested within
927 		// them, which allows reuse of ->gp_seq_polled_exp_snap.
928 		rcu_poll_gp_seq_start_unlocked(&rcu_state.gp_seq_polled_exp_snap);
929 		rcu_poll_gp_seq_end_unlocked(&rcu_state.gp_seq_polled_exp_snap);
930 
931 		local_irq_save(flags);
932 		WARN_ON_ONCE(num_online_cpus() > 1);
933 		rcu_state.expedited_sequence += (1 << RCU_SEQ_CTR_SHIFT);
934 		local_irq_restore(flags);
935 		return;  // Context allows vacuous grace periods.
936 	}
937 
938 	/* If expedited grace periods are prohibited, fall back to normal. */
939 	if (rcu_gp_is_normal()) {
940 		wait_rcu_gp(call_rcu_hurry);
941 		return;
942 	}
943 
944 	/* Take a snapshot of the sequence number.  */
945 	s = rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap();
946 	if (exp_funnel_lock(s))
947 		return;  /* Someone else did our work for us. */
948 
949 	/* Ensure that load happens before action based on it. */
950 	if (unlikely(boottime)) {
951 		/* Direct call during scheduler init and early_initcalls(). */
952 		rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(s);
953 	} else {
954 		/* Marshall arguments & schedule the expedited grace period. */
955 		rew.rew_s = s;
956 		synchronize_rcu_expedited_queue_work(&rew);
957 	}
958 
959 	/* Wait for expedited grace period to complete. */
960 	rnp = rcu_get_root();
961 	wait_event(rnp->exp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(s) & 0x3],
962 		   sync_exp_work_done(s));
963 	smp_mb(); /* Work actions happen before return. */
964 
965 	/* Let the next expedited grace period start. */
966 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex);
967 
968 	if (likely(!boottime))
969 		synchronize_rcu_expedited_destroy_work(&rew);
970 }
971 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu_expedited);
972 
973 /*
974  * Ensure that start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited() has the expedited
975  * RCU grace periods that it needs.
976  */
977 static void sync_rcu_do_polled_gp(struct work_struct *wp)
978 {
979 	unsigned long flags;
980 	int i = 0;
981 	struct rcu_node *rnp = container_of(wp, struct rcu_node, exp_poll_wq);
982 	unsigned long s;
983 
984 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->exp_poll_lock, flags);
985 	s = rnp->exp_seq_poll_rq;
986 	rnp->exp_seq_poll_rq = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
987 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->exp_poll_lock, flags);
988 	if (s == RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED)
989 		return;
990 	while (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu(s)) {
991 		synchronize_rcu_expedited();
992 		if (i == 10 || i == 20)
993 			pr_info("%s: i = %d s = %lx gp_seq_polled = %lx\n", __func__, i, s, READ_ONCE(rcu_state.gp_seq_polled));
994 		i++;
995 	}
996 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->exp_poll_lock, flags);
997 	s = rnp->exp_seq_poll_rq;
998 	if (poll_state_synchronize_rcu(s))
999 		rnp->exp_seq_poll_rq = RCU_GET_STATE_COMPLETED;
1000 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->exp_poll_lock, flags);
1001 }
1002 
1003 /**
1004  * start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited - Snapshot current RCU state and start expedited grace period
1005  *
1006  * Returns a cookie to pass to a call to cond_synchronize_rcu(),
1007  * cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited(), or poll_state_synchronize_rcu(),
1008  * allowing them to determine whether or not any sort of grace period has
1009  * elapsed in the meantime.  If the needed expedited grace period is not
1010  * already slated to start, initiates that grace period.
1011  */
1012 unsigned long start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited(void)
1013 {
1014 	unsigned long flags;
1015 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
1016 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
1017 	unsigned long s;
1018 
1019 	s = get_state_synchronize_rcu();
1020 	rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, raw_smp_processor_id());
1021 	rnp = rdp->mynode;
1022 	if (rcu_init_invoked())
1023 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp->exp_poll_lock, flags);
1024 	if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu(s)) {
1025 		rnp->exp_seq_poll_rq = s;
1026 		if (rcu_init_invoked())
1027 			queue_work(rcu_gp_wq, &rnp->exp_poll_wq);
1028 	}
1029 	if (rcu_init_invoked())
1030 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->exp_poll_lock, flags);
1031 
1032 	return s;
1033 }
1034 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited);
1035 
1036 /**
1037  * start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full - Take a full snapshot and start expedited grace period
1038  * @rgosp: Place to put snapshot of grace-period state
1039  *
1040  * Places the normal and expedited grace-period states in rgosp.  This
1041  * state value can be passed to a later call to cond_synchronize_rcu_full()
1042  * or poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full() to determine whether or not a
1043  * grace period (whether normal or expedited) has elapsed in the meantime.
1044  * If the needed expedited grace period is not already slated to start,
1045  * initiates that grace period.
1046  */
1047 void start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
1048 {
1049 	get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(rgosp);
1050 	(void)start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited();
1051 }
1052 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full);
1053 
1054 /**
1055  * cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited - Conditionally wait for an expedited RCU grace period
1056  *
1057  * @oldstate: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu(), or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited()
1058  *
1059  * If any type of full RCU grace period has elapsed since the earlier
1060  * call to get_state_synchronize_rcu(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu(),
1061  * or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited(), just return.  Otherwise,
1062  * invoke synchronize_rcu_expedited() to wait for a full grace period.
1063  *
1064  * Yes, this function does not take counter wrap into account.
1065  * But counter wrap is harmless.  If the counter wraps, we have waited for
1066  * more than 2 billion grace periods (and way more on a 64-bit system!),
1067  * so waiting for a couple of additional grace periods should be just fine.
1068  *
1069  * This function provides the same memory-ordering guarantees that
1070  * would be provided by a synchronize_rcu() that was invoked at the call
1071  * to the function that provided @oldstate and that returned at the end
1072  * of this function.
1073  */
1074 void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited(unsigned long oldstate)
1075 {
1076 	if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu(oldstate))
1077 		synchronize_rcu_expedited();
1078 }
1079 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited);
1080 
1081 /**
1082  * cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full - Conditionally wait for an expedited RCU grace period
1083  * @rgosp: value from get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(), or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full()
1084  *
1085  * If a full RCU grace period has elapsed since the call to
1086  * get_state_synchronize_rcu_full(), start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full(),
1087  * or start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full() from which @rgosp was
1088  * obtained, just return.  Otherwise, invoke synchronize_rcu_expedited()
1089  * to wait for a full grace period.
1090  *
1091  * Yes, this function does not take counter wrap into account.
1092  * But counter wrap is harmless.  If the counter wraps, we have waited for
1093  * more than 2 billion grace periods (and way more on a 64-bit system!),
1094  * so waiting for a couple of additional grace periods should be just fine.
1095  *
1096  * This function provides the same memory-ordering guarantees that
1097  * would be provided by a synchronize_rcu() that was invoked at the call
1098  * to the function that provided @rgosp and that returned at the end of
1099  * this function.
1100  */
1101 void cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp)
1102 {
1103 	if (!poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full(rgosp))
1104 		synchronize_rcu_expedited();
1105 }
1106 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full);
1107