xref: /linux/kernel/rcu/tree_exp.h (revision 26bff9eb49201aeb4e1b32d698c191831a39f5d4)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
2 /*
3  * RCU expedited grace periods
4  *
5  * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2016
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  */
9 
10 #include <linux/lockdep.h>
11 
12 static void rcu_exp_handler(void *unused);
13 static int rcu_print_task_exp_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp);
14 
15 /*
16  * Record the start of an expedited grace period.
17  */
18 static void rcu_exp_gp_seq_start(void)
19 {
20 	rcu_seq_start(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
21 }
22 
23 /*
24  * Return the value that the expedited-grace-period counter will have
25  * at the end of the current grace period.
26  */
27 static __maybe_unused unsigned long rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(void)
28 {
29 	return rcu_seq_endval(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
30 }
31 
32 /*
33  * Record the end of an expedited grace period.
34  */
35 static void rcu_exp_gp_seq_end(void)
36 {
37 	rcu_seq_end(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
38 	smp_mb(); /* Ensure that consecutive grace periods serialize. */
39 }
40 
41 /*
42  * Take a snapshot of the expedited-grace-period counter, which is the
43  * earliest value that will indicate that a full grace period has
44  * elapsed since the current time.
45  */
46 static unsigned long rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap(void)
47 {
48 	unsigned long s;
49 
50 	smp_mb(); /* Caller's modifications seen first by other CPUs. */
51 	s = rcu_seq_snap(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence);
52 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("snap"));
53 	return s;
54 }
55 
56 /*
57  * Given a counter snapshot from rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap(), return true
58  * if a full expedited grace period has elapsed since that snapshot
59  * was taken.
60  */
61 static bool rcu_exp_gp_seq_done(unsigned long s)
62 {
63 	return rcu_seq_done(&rcu_state.expedited_sequence, s);
64 }
65 
66 /*
67  * Reset the ->expmaskinit values in the rcu_node tree to reflect any
68  * recent CPU-online activity.  Note that these masks are not cleared
69  * when CPUs go offline, so they reflect the union of all CPUs that have
70  * ever been online.  This means that this function normally takes its
71  * no-work-to-do fastpath.
72  */
73 static void sync_exp_reset_tree_hotplug(void)
74 {
75 	bool done;
76 	unsigned long flags;
77 	unsigned long mask;
78 	unsigned long oldmask;
79 	int ncpus = smp_load_acquire(&rcu_state.ncpus); /* Order vs. locking. */
80 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
81 	struct rcu_node *rnp_up;
82 
83 	/* If no new CPUs onlined since last time, nothing to do. */
84 	if (likely(ncpus == rcu_state.ncpus_snap))
85 		return;
86 	rcu_state.ncpus_snap = ncpus;
87 
88 	/*
89 	 * Each pass through the following loop propagates newly onlined
90 	 * CPUs for the current rcu_node structure up the rcu_node tree.
91 	 */
92 	rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
93 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
94 		if (rnp->expmaskinit == rnp->expmaskinitnext) {
95 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
96 			continue;  /* No new CPUs, nothing to do. */
97 		}
98 
99 		/* Update this node's mask, track old value for propagation. */
100 		oldmask = rnp->expmaskinit;
101 		rnp->expmaskinit = rnp->expmaskinitnext;
102 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
103 
104 		/* If was already nonzero, nothing to propagate. */
105 		if (oldmask)
106 			continue;
107 
108 		/* Propagate the new CPU up the tree. */
109 		mask = rnp->grpmask;
110 		rnp_up = rnp->parent;
111 		done = false;
112 		while (rnp_up) {
113 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp_up, flags);
114 			if (rnp_up->expmaskinit)
115 				done = true;
116 			rnp_up->expmaskinit |= mask;
117 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp_up, flags);
118 			if (done)
119 				break;
120 			mask = rnp_up->grpmask;
121 			rnp_up = rnp_up->parent;
122 		}
123 	}
124 }
125 
126 /*
127  * Reset the ->expmask values in the rcu_node tree in preparation for
128  * a new expedited grace period.
129  */
130 static void __maybe_unused sync_exp_reset_tree(void)
131 {
132 	unsigned long flags;
133 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
134 
135 	sync_exp_reset_tree_hotplug();
136 	rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rnp) {
137 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
138 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rnp->expmask);
139 		WRITE_ONCE(rnp->expmask, rnp->expmaskinit);
140 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
141 	}
142 }
143 
144 /*
145  * Return non-zero if there is no RCU expedited grace period in progress
146  * for the specified rcu_node structure, in other words, if all CPUs and
147  * tasks covered by the specified rcu_node structure have done their bit
148  * for the current expedited grace period.
149  */
150 static bool sync_rcu_exp_done(struct rcu_node *rnp)
151 {
152 	raw_lockdep_assert_held_rcu_node(rnp);
153 	return rnp->exp_tasks == NULL &&
154 	       READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) == 0;
155 }
156 
157 /*
158  * Like sync_rcu_exp_done(), but where the caller does not hold the
159  * rcu_node's ->lock.
160  */
161 static bool sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(struct rcu_node *rnp)
162 {
163 	unsigned long flags;
164 	bool ret;
165 
166 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
167 	ret = sync_rcu_exp_done(rnp);
168 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
169 
170 	return ret;
171 }
172 
173 
174 /*
175  * Report the exit from RCU read-side critical section for the last task
176  * that queued itself during or before the current expedited preemptible-RCU
177  * grace period.  This event is reported either to the rcu_node structure on
178  * which the task was queued or to one of that rcu_node structure's ancestors,
179  * recursively up the tree.  (Calm down, calm down, we do the recursion
180  * iteratively!)
181  */
182 static void __rcu_report_exp_rnp(struct rcu_node *rnp,
183 				 bool wake, unsigned long flags)
184 	__releases(rnp->lock)
185 {
186 	unsigned long mask;
187 
188 	raw_lockdep_assert_held_rcu_node(rnp);
189 	for (;;) {
190 		if (!sync_rcu_exp_done(rnp)) {
191 			if (!rnp->expmask)
192 				rcu_initiate_boost(rnp, flags);
193 			else
194 				raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
195 			break;
196 		}
197 		if (rnp->parent == NULL) {
198 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
199 			if (wake) {
200 				smp_mb(); /* EGP done before wake_up(). */
201 				swake_up_one(&rcu_state.expedited_wq);
202 			}
203 			break;
204 		}
205 		mask = rnp->grpmask;
206 		raw_spin_unlock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs remain disabled */
207 		rnp = rnp->parent;
208 		raw_spin_lock_rcu_node(rnp); /* irqs already disabled */
209 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!(rnp->expmask & mask));
210 		WRITE_ONCE(rnp->expmask, rnp->expmask & ~mask);
211 	}
212 }
213 
214 /*
215  * Report expedited quiescent state for specified node.  This is a
216  * lock-acquisition wrapper function for __rcu_report_exp_rnp().
217  */
218 static void __maybe_unused rcu_report_exp_rnp(struct rcu_node *rnp, bool wake)
219 {
220 	unsigned long flags;
221 
222 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
223 	__rcu_report_exp_rnp(rnp, wake, flags);
224 }
225 
226 /*
227  * Report expedited quiescent state for multiple CPUs, all covered by the
228  * specified leaf rcu_node structure.
229  */
230 static void rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(struct rcu_node *rnp,
231 				    unsigned long mask, bool wake)
232 {
233 	int cpu;
234 	unsigned long flags;
235 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
236 
237 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
238 	if (!(rnp->expmask & mask)) {
239 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
240 		return;
241 	}
242 	WRITE_ONCE(rnp->expmask, rnp->expmask & ~mask);
243 	for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, mask) {
244 		rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
245 		if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL) || !rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp)
246 			continue;
247 		rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp = false;
248 		tick_dep_clear_cpu(cpu, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU_EXP);
249 	}
250 	__rcu_report_exp_rnp(rnp, wake, flags); /* Releases rnp->lock. */
251 }
252 
253 /*
254  * Report expedited quiescent state for specified rcu_data (CPU).
255  */
256 static void rcu_report_exp_rdp(struct rcu_data *rdp)
257 {
258 	WRITE_ONCE(rdp->exp_deferred_qs, false);
259 	rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(rdp->mynode, rdp->grpmask, true);
260 }
261 
262 /* Common code for work-done checking. */
263 static bool sync_exp_work_done(unsigned long s)
264 {
265 	if (rcu_exp_gp_seq_done(s)) {
266 		trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("done"));
267 		smp_mb(); /* Ensure test happens before caller kfree(). */
268 		return true;
269 	}
270 	return false;
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * Funnel-lock acquisition for expedited grace periods.  Returns true
275  * if some other task completed an expedited grace period that this task
276  * can piggy-back on, and with no mutex held.  Otherwise, returns false
277  * with the mutex held, indicating that the caller must actually do the
278  * expedited grace period.
279  */
280 static bool exp_funnel_lock(unsigned long s)
281 {
282 	struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, raw_smp_processor_id());
283 	struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
284 	struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root();
285 
286 	/* Low-contention fastpath. */
287 	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq), s) &&
288 	    (rnp == rnp_root ||
289 	     ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp_root->exp_seq_rq), s)) &&
290 	    mutex_trylock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex))
291 		goto fastpath;
292 
293 	/*
294 	 * Each pass through the following loop works its way up
295 	 * the rcu_node tree, returning if others have done the work or
296 	 * otherwise falls through to acquire ->exp_mutex.  The mapping
297 	 * from CPU to rcu_node structure can be inexact, as it is just
298 	 * promoting locality and is not strictly needed for correctness.
299 	 */
300 	for (; rnp != NULL; rnp = rnp->parent) {
301 		if (sync_exp_work_done(s))
302 			return true;
303 
304 		/* Work not done, either wait here or go up. */
305 		spin_lock(&rnp->exp_lock);
306 		if (ULONG_CMP_GE(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s)) {
307 
308 			/* Someone else doing GP, so wait for them. */
309 			spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
310 			trace_rcu_exp_funnel_lock(rcu_state.name, rnp->level,
311 						  rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi,
312 						  TPS("wait"));
313 			wait_event(rnp->exp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(s) & 0x3],
314 				   sync_exp_work_done(s));
315 			return true;
316 		}
317 		WRITE_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s); /* Followers can wait on us. */
318 		spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
319 		trace_rcu_exp_funnel_lock(rcu_state.name, rnp->level,
320 					  rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi, TPS("nxtlvl"));
321 	}
322 	mutex_lock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex);
323 fastpath:
324 	if (sync_exp_work_done(s)) {
325 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex);
326 		return true;
327 	}
328 	rcu_exp_gp_seq_start();
329 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("start"));
330 	return false;
331 }
332 
333 /*
334  * Select the CPUs within the specified rcu_node that the upcoming
335  * expedited grace period needs to wait for.
336  */
337 static void sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(struct work_struct *wp)
338 {
339 	int cpu;
340 	unsigned long flags;
341 	unsigned long mask_ofl_test;
342 	unsigned long mask_ofl_ipi;
343 	int ret;
344 	struct rcu_exp_work *rewp =
345 		container_of(wp, struct rcu_exp_work, rew_work);
346 	struct rcu_node *rnp = container_of(rewp, struct rcu_node, rew);
347 
348 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
349 
350 	/* Each pass checks a CPU for identity, offline, and idle. */
351 	mask_ofl_test = 0;
352 	for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, rnp->expmask) {
353 		struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
354 		unsigned long mask = rdp->grpmask;
355 		int snap;
356 
357 		if (raw_smp_processor_id() == cpu ||
358 		    !(rnp->qsmaskinitnext & mask)) {
359 			mask_ofl_test |= mask;
360 		} else {
361 			snap = rcu_dynticks_snap(rdp);
362 			if (rcu_dynticks_in_eqs(snap))
363 				mask_ofl_test |= mask;
364 			else
365 				rdp->exp_dynticks_snap = snap;
366 		}
367 	}
368 	mask_ofl_ipi = rnp->expmask & ~mask_ofl_test;
369 
370 	/*
371 	 * Need to wait for any blocked tasks as well.	Note that
372 	 * additional blocking tasks will also block the expedited GP
373 	 * until such time as the ->expmask bits are cleared.
374 	 */
375 	if (rcu_preempt_has_tasks(rnp))
376 		rnp->exp_tasks = rnp->blkd_tasks.next;
377 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
378 
379 	/* IPI the remaining CPUs for expedited quiescent state. */
380 	for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, mask_ofl_ipi) {
381 		struct rcu_data *rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
382 		unsigned long mask = rdp->grpmask;
383 
384 retry_ipi:
385 		if (rcu_dynticks_in_eqs_since(rdp, rdp->exp_dynticks_snap)) {
386 			mask_ofl_test |= mask;
387 			continue;
388 		}
389 		if (get_cpu() == cpu) {
390 			put_cpu();
391 			continue;
392 		}
393 		ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, rcu_exp_handler, NULL, 0);
394 		put_cpu();
395 		/* The CPU will report the QS in response to the IPI. */
396 		if (!ret)
397 			continue;
398 
399 		/* Failed, raced with CPU hotplug operation. */
400 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
401 		if ((rnp->qsmaskinitnext & mask) &&
402 		    (rnp->expmask & mask)) {
403 			/* Online, so delay for a bit and try again. */
404 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
405 			trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("selectofl"));
406 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
407 			goto retry_ipi;
408 		}
409 		/* CPU really is offline, so we must report its QS. */
410 		if (rnp->expmask & mask)
411 			mask_ofl_test |= mask;
412 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
413 	}
414 	/* Report quiescent states for those that went offline. */
415 	if (mask_ofl_test)
416 		rcu_report_exp_cpu_mult(rnp, mask_ofl_test, false);
417 }
418 
419 /*
420  * Select the nodes that the upcoming expedited grace period needs
421  * to wait for.
422  */
423 static void sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus(void)
424 {
425 	int cpu;
426 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
427 
428 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("reset"));
429 	sync_exp_reset_tree();
430 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("select"));
431 
432 	/* Schedule work for each leaf rcu_node structure. */
433 	rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
434 		rnp->exp_need_flush = false;
435 		if (!READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask))
436 			continue; /* Avoid early boot non-existent wq. */
437 		if (!READ_ONCE(rcu_par_gp_wq) ||
438 		    rcu_scheduler_active != RCU_SCHEDULER_RUNNING ||
439 		    rcu_is_last_leaf_node(rnp)) {
440 			/* No workqueues yet or last leaf, do direct call. */
441 			sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus(&rnp->rew.rew_work);
442 			continue;
443 		}
444 		INIT_WORK(&rnp->rew.rew_work, sync_rcu_exp_select_node_cpus);
445 		cpu = find_next_bit(&rnp->ffmask, BITS_PER_LONG, -1);
446 		/* If all offline, queue the work on an unbound CPU. */
447 		if (unlikely(cpu > rnp->grphi - rnp->grplo))
448 			cpu = WORK_CPU_UNBOUND;
449 		else
450 			cpu += rnp->grplo;
451 		queue_work_on(cpu, rcu_par_gp_wq, &rnp->rew.rew_work);
452 		rnp->exp_need_flush = true;
453 	}
454 
455 	/* Wait for workqueue jobs (if any) to complete. */
456 	rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp)
457 		if (rnp->exp_need_flush)
458 			flush_work(&rnp->rew.rew_work);
459 }
460 
461 /*
462  * Wait for the expedited grace period to elapse, within time limit.
463  * If the time limit is exceeded without the grace period elapsing,
464  * return false, otherwise return true.
465  */
466 static bool synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(long tlimit)
467 {
468 	int t;
469 	struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root();
470 
471 	t = swait_event_timeout_exclusive(rcu_state.expedited_wq,
472 					  sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(rnp_root),
473 					  tlimit);
474 	// Workqueues should not be signaled.
475 	if (t > 0 || sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(rnp_root))
476 		return true;
477 	WARN_ON(t < 0);  /* workqueues should not be signaled. */
478 	return false;
479 }
480 
481 /*
482  * Wait for the expedited grace period to elapse, issuing any needed
483  * RCU CPU stall warnings along the way.
484  */
485 static void synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait(void)
486 {
487 	int cpu;
488 	unsigned long j;
489 	unsigned long jiffies_stall;
490 	unsigned long jiffies_start;
491 	unsigned long mask;
492 	int ndetected;
493 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
494 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
495 	struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root();
496 
497 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, rcu_exp_gp_seq_endval(), TPS("startwait"));
498 	jiffies_stall = rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check();
499 	jiffies_start = jiffies;
500 	if (tick_nohz_full_enabled() && rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended()) {
501 		if (synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(1))
502 			return;
503 		rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
504 			for_each_leaf_node_cpu_mask(rnp, cpu, rnp->expmask) {
505 				rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
506 				if (rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp)
507 					continue;
508 				rdp->rcu_forced_tick_exp = true;
509 				tick_dep_set_cpu(cpu, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU_EXP);
510 			}
511 		}
512 		j = READ_ONCE(jiffies_till_first_fqs);
513 		if (synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(j + HZ))
514 			return;
515 		WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT));
516 	}
517 
518 	for (;;) {
519 		if (synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait_once(jiffies_stall))
520 			return;
521 		if (rcu_stall_is_suppressed())
522 			continue;
523 		panic_on_rcu_stall();
524 		pr_err("INFO: %s detected expedited stalls on CPUs/tasks: {",
525 		       rcu_state.name);
526 		ndetected = 0;
527 		rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
528 			ndetected += rcu_print_task_exp_stall(rnp);
529 			for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
530 				struct rcu_data *rdp;
531 
532 				mask = leaf_node_cpu_bit(rnp, cpu);
533 				if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & mask))
534 					continue;
535 				ndetected++;
536 				rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
537 				pr_cont(" %d-%c%c%c", cpu,
538 					"O."[!!cpu_online(cpu)],
539 					"o."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rnp->expmaskinit)],
540 					"N."[!!(rdp->grpmask & rnp->expmaskinitnext)]);
541 			}
542 		}
543 		pr_cont(" } %lu jiffies s: %lu root: %#lx/%c\n",
544 			jiffies - jiffies_start, rcu_state.expedited_sequence,
545 			READ_ONCE(rnp_root->expmask),
546 			".T"[!!rnp_root->exp_tasks]);
547 		if (ndetected) {
548 			pr_err("blocking rcu_node structures:");
549 			rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rnp) {
550 				if (rnp == rnp_root)
551 					continue; /* printed unconditionally */
552 				if (sync_rcu_exp_done_unlocked(rnp))
553 					continue;
554 				pr_cont(" l=%u:%d-%d:%#lx/%c",
555 					rnp->level, rnp->grplo, rnp->grphi,
556 					READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask),
557 					".T"[!!rnp->exp_tasks]);
558 			}
559 			pr_cont("\n");
560 		}
561 		rcu_for_each_leaf_node(rnp) {
562 			for_each_leaf_node_possible_cpu(rnp, cpu) {
563 				mask = leaf_node_cpu_bit(rnp, cpu);
564 				if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & mask))
565 					continue;
566 				dump_cpu_task(cpu);
567 			}
568 		}
569 		jiffies_stall = 3 * rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check() + 3;
570 	}
571 }
572 
573 /*
574  * Wait for the current expedited grace period to complete, and then
575  * wake up everyone who piggybacked on the just-completed expedited
576  * grace period.  Also update all the ->exp_seq_rq counters as needed
577  * in order to avoid counter-wrap problems.
578  */
579 static void rcu_exp_wait_wake(unsigned long s)
580 {
581 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
582 
583 	synchronize_rcu_expedited_wait();
584 
585 	// Switch over to wakeup mode, allowing the next GP to proceed.
586 	// End the previous grace period only after acquiring the mutex
587 	// to ensure that only one GP runs concurrently with wakeups.
588 	mutex_lock(&rcu_state.exp_wake_mutex);
589 	rcu_exp_gp_seq_end();
590 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("end"));
591 
592 	rcu_for_each_node_breadth_first(rnp) {
593 		if (ULONG_CMP_LT(READ_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq), s)) {
594 			spin_lock(&rnp->exp_lock);
595 			/* Recheck, avoid hang in case someone just arrived. */
596 			if (ULONG_CMP_LT(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s))
597 				WRITE_ONCE(rnp->exp_seq_rq, s);
598 			spin_unlock(&rnp->exp_lock);
599 		}
600 		smp_mb(); /* All above changes before wakeup. */
601 		wake_up_all(&rnp->exp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(s) & 0x3]);
602 	}
603 	trace_rcu_exp_grace_period(rcu_state.name, s, TPS("endwake"));
604 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_state.exp_wake_mutex);
605 }
606 
607 /*
608  * Common code to drive an expedited grace period forward, used by
609  * workqueues and mid-boot-time tasks.
610  */
611 static void rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(unsigned long s)
612 {
613 	/* Initialize the rcu_node tree in preparation for the wait. */
614 	sync_rcu_exp_select_cpus();
615 
616 	/* Wait and clean up, including waking everyone. */
617 	rcu_exp_wait_wake(s);
618 }
619 
620 /*
621  * Work-queue handler to drive an expedited grace period forward.
622  */
623 static void wait_rcu_exp_gp(struct work_struct *wp)
624 {
625 	struct rcu_exp_work *rewp;
626 
627 	rewp = container_of(wp, struct rcu_exp_work, rew_work);
628 	rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(rewp->rew_s);
629 }
630 
631 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU
632 
633 /*
634  * Remote handler for smp_call_function_single().  If there is an
635  * RCU read-side critical section in effect, request that the
636  * next rcu_read_unlock() record the quiescent state up the
637  * ->expmask fields in the rcu_node tree.  Otherwise, immediately
638  * report the quiescent state.
639  */
640 static void rcu_exp_handler(void *unused)
641 {
642 	unsigned long flags;
643 	struct rcu_data *rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
644 	struct rcu_node *rnp = rdp->mynode;
645 	struct task_struct *t = current;
646 
647 	/*
648 	 * First, the common case of not being in an RCU read-side
649 	 * critical section.  If also enabled or idle, immediately
650 	 * report the quiescent state, otherwise defer.
651 	 */
652 	if (!rcu_preempt_depth()) {
653 		if (!(preempt_count() & (PREEMPT_MASK | SOFTIRQ_MASK)) ||
654 		    rcu_dynticks_curr_cpu_in_eqs()) {
655 			rcu_report_exp_rdp(rdp);
656 		} else {
657 			rdp->exp_deferred_qs = true;
658 			set_tsk_need_resched(t);
659 			set_preempt_need_resched();
660 		}
661 		return;
662 	}
663 
664 	/*
665 	 * Second, the less-common case of being in an RCU read-side
666 	 * critical section.  In this case we can count on a future
667 	 * rcu_read_unlock().  However, this rcu_read_unlock() might
668 	 * execute on some other CPU, but in that case there will be
669 	 * a future context switch.  Either way, if the expedited
670 	 * grace period is still waiting on this CPU, set ->deferred_qs
671 	 * so that the eventual quiescent state will be reported.
672 	 * Note that there is a large group of race conditions that
673 	 * can have caused this quiescent state to already have been
674 	 * reported, so we really do need to check ->expmask.
675 	 */
676 	if (rcu_preempt_depth() > 0) {
677 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
678 		if (rnp->expmask & rdp->grpmask) {
679 			rdp->exp_deferred_qs = true;
680 			t->rcu_read_unlock_special.b.exp_hint = true;
681 		}
682 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore_rcu_node(rnp, flags);
683 		return;
684 	}
685 
686 	/*
687 	 * The final and least likely case is where the interrupted
688 	 * code was just about to or just finished exiting the RCU-preempt
689 	 * read-side critical section, and no, we can't tell which.
690 	 * So either way, set ->deferred_qs to flag later code that
691 	 * a quiescent state is required.
692 	 *
693 	 * If the CPU is fully enabled (or if some buggy RCU-preempt
694 	 * read-side critical section is being used from idle), just
695 	 * invoke rcu_preempt_deferred_qs() to immediately report the
696 	 * quiescent state.  We cannot use rcu_read_unlock_special()
697 	 * because we are in an interrupt handler, which will cause that
698 	 * function to take an early exit without doing anything.
699 	 *
700 	 * Otherwise, force a context switch after the CPU enables everything.
701 	 */
702 	rdp->exp_deferred_qs = true;
703 	if (!(preempt_count() & (PREEMPT_MASK | SOFTIRQ_MASK)) ||
704 	    WARN_ON_ONCE(rcu_dynticks_curr_cpu_in_eqs())) {
705 		rcu_preempt_deferred_qs(t);
706 	} else {
707 		set_tsk_need_resched(t);
708 		set_preempt_need_resched();
709 	}
710 }
711 
712 /* PREEMPTION=y, so no PREEMPTION=n expedited grace period to clean up after. */
713 static void sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup(int cpu)
714 {
715 }
716 
717 /*
718  * Scan the current list of tasks blocked within RCU read-side critical
719  * sections, printing out the tid of each that is blocking the current
720  * expedited grace period.
721  */
722 static int rcu_print_task_exp_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp)
723 {
724 	struct task_struct *t;
725 	int ndetected = 0;
726 
727 	if (!rnp->exp_tasks)
728 		return 0;
729 	t = list_entry(rnp->exp_tasks->prev,
730 		       struct task_struct, rcu_node_entry);
731 	list_for_each_entry_continue(t, &rnp->blkd_tasks, rcu_node_entry) {
732 		pr_cont(" P%d", t->pid);
733 		ndetected++;
734 	}
735 	return ndetected;
736 }
737 
738 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
739 
740 /* Request an expedited quiescent state. */
741 static void rcu_exp_need_qs(void)
742 {
743 	__this_cpu_write(rcu_data.cpu_no_qs.b.exp, true);
744 	/* Store .exp before .rcu_urgent_qs. */
745 	smp_store_release(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data.rcu_urgent_qs), true);
746 	set_tsk_need_resched(current);
747 	set_preempt_need_resched();
748 }
749 
750 /* Invoked on each online non-idle CPU for expedited quiescent state. */
751 static void rcu_exp_handler(void *unused)
752 {
753 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
754 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
755 
756 	rdp = this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data);
757 	rnp = rdp->mynode;
758 	if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & rdp->grpmask) ||
759 	    __this_cpu_read(rcu_data.cpu_no_qs.b.exp))
760 		return;
761 	if (rcu_is_cpu_rrupt_from_idle()) {
762 		rcu_report_exp_rdp(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data));
763 		return;
764 	}
765 	rcu_exp_need_qs();
766 }
767 
768 /* Send IPI for expedited cleanup if needed at end of CPU-hotplug operation. */
769 static void sync_sched_exp_online_cleanup(int cpu)
770 {
771 	unsigned long flags;
772 	int my_cpu;
773 	struct rcu_data *rdp;
774 	int ret;
775 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
776 
777 	rdp = per_cpu_ptr(&rcu_data, cpu);
778 	rnp = rdp->mynode;
779 	my_cpu = get_cpu();
780 	/* Quiescent state either not needed or already requested, leave. */
781 	if (!(READ_ONCE(rnp->expmask) & rdp->grpmask) ||
782 	    __this_cpu_read(rcu_data.cpu_no_qs.b.exp)) {
783 		put_cpu();
784 		return;
785 	}
786 	/* Quiescent state needed on current CPU, so set it up locally. */
787 	if (my_cpu == cpu) {
788 		local_irq_save(flags);
789 		rcu_exp_need_qs();
790 		local_irq_restore(flags);
791 		put_cpu();
792 		return;
793 	}
794 	/* Quiescent state needed on some other CPU, send IPI. */
795 	ret = smp_call_function_single(cpu, rcu_exp_handler, NULL, 0);
796 	put_cpu();
797 	WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
798 }
799 
800 /*
801  * Because preemptible RCU does not exist, we never have to check for
802  * tasks blocked within RCU read-side critical sections that are
803  * blocking the current expedited grace period.
804  */
805 static int rcu_print_task_exp_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp)
806 {
807 	return 0;
808 }
809 
810 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU */
811 
812 /**
813  * synchronize_rcu_expedited - Brute-force RCU grace period
814  *
815  * Wait for an RCU grace period, but expedite it.  The basic idea is to
816  * IPI all non-idle non-nohz online CPUs.  The IPI handler checks whether
817  * the CPU is in an RCU critical section, and if so, it sets a flag that
818  * causes the outermost rcu_read_unlock() to report the quiescent state
819  * for RCU-preempt or asks the scheduler for help for RCU-sched.  On the
820  * other hand, if the CPU is not in an RCU read-side critical section,
821  * the IPI handler reports the quiescent state immediately.
822  *
823  * Although this is a great improvement over previous expedited
824  * implementations, it is still unfriendly to real-time workloads, so is
825  * thus not recommended for any sort of common-case code.  In fact, if
826  * you are using synchronize_rcu_expedited() in a loop, please restructure
827  * your code to batch your updates, and then use a single synchronize_rcu()
828  * instead.
829  *
830  * This has the same semantics as (but is more brutal than) synchronize_rcu().
831  */
832 void synchronize_rcu_expedited(void)
833 {
834 	bool boottime = (rcu_scheduler_active == RCU_SCHEDULER_INIT);
835 	struct rcu_exp_work rew;
836 	struct rcu_node *rnp;
837 	unsigned long s;
838 
839 	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(lock_is_held(&rcu_bh_lock_map) ||
840 			 lock_is_held(&rcu_lock_map) ||
841 			 lock_is_held(&rcu_sched_lock_map),
842 			 "Illegal synchronize_rcu_expedited() in RCU read-side critical section");
843 
844 	/* Is the state is such that the call is a grace period? */
845 	if (rcu_blocking_is_gp())
846 		return;
847 
848 	/* If expedited grace periods are prohibited, fall back to normal. */
849 	if (rcu_gp_is_normal()) {
850 		wait_rcu_gp(call_rcu);
851 		return;
852 	}
853 
854 	/* Take a snapshot of the sequence number.  */
855 	s = rcu_exp_gp_seq_snap();
856 	if (exp_funnel_lock(s))
857 		return;  /* Someone else did our work for us. */
858 
859 	/* Ensure that load happens before action based on it. */
860 	if (unlikely(boottime)) {
861 		/* Direct call during scheduler init and early_initcalls(). */
862 		rcu_exp_sel_wait_wake(s);
863 	} else {
864 		/* Marshall arguments & schedule the expedited grace period. */
865 		rew.rew_s = s;
866 		INIT_WORK_ONSTACK(&rew.rew_work, wait_rcu_exp_gp);
867 		queue_work(rcu_gp_wq, &rew.rew_work);
868 	}
869 
870 	/* Wait for expedited grace period to complete. */
871 	rnp = rcu_get_root();
872 	wait_event(rnp->exp_wq[rcu_seq_ctr(s) & 0x3],
873 		   sync_exp_work_done(s));
874 	smp_mb(); /* Workqueue actions happen before return. */
875 
876 	/* Let the next expedited grace period start. */
877 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_state.exp_mutex);
878 
879 	if (likely(!boottime))
880 		destroy_work_on_stack(&rew.rew_work);
881 }
882 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu_expedited);
883