xref: /linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision eed4edda910fe34dfae8c6bfbcf57f4593a54295)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.rst
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
24 #include <linux/rcu_notifier.h>
25 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
26 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
27 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
28 #include <linux/atomic.h>
29 #include <linux/bitops.h>
30 #include <linux/completion.h>
31 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
32 #include <linux/percpu.h>
33 #include <linux/notifier.h>
34 #include <linux/reboot.h>
35 #include <linux/freezer.h>
36 #include <linux/cpu.h>
37 #include <linux/delay.h>
38 #include <linux/stat.h>
39 #include <linux/srcu.h>
40 #include <linux/slab.h>
41 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
42 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
43 #include <linux/torture.h>
44 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
46 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
47 #include <linux/oom.h>
48 #include <linux/tick.h>
49 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
50 #include <linux/nmi.h>
51 
52 #include "rcu.h"
53 
54 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
55 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
56 
57 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
58 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1	 (1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1)
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2	 9	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2	 (1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2)
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
65 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
66 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
67 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2	 0x40	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
69 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 7	/* Number of bits defined above. */
70 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
71 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
72 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
73 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
74 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
75 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
76 
77 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
78 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
79 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0, "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
80 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
81 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
82 torture_param(int, fwd_progress, 1, "Number of grace-period forward progress tasks (0 to disable)");
83 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
84 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60, "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
85 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1, "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
86 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
87 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp, false, "Use conditional/async expedited GP wait primitives");
88 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_full, false, "Use conditional/async full-state GP wait primitives");
89 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp_full, false,
90 		    "Use conditional/async full-stateexpedited GP wait primitives");
91 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
92 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false, "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
93 torture_param(bool, gp_poll, false, "Use polling GP wait primitives");
94 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp, false, "Use polling expedited GP wait primitives");
95 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_full, false, "Use polling full-state GP wait primitives");
96 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp_full, false, "Use polling full-state expedited GP wait primitives");
97 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
98 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
99 torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
100 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0, "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
101 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
102 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
103 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0, "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
104 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
105 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0, "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
106 torture_param(int, nocbs_nthreads, 0, "Number of NOCB toggle threads, 0 to disable");
107 torture_param(int, nocbs_toggle, 1000, "Time between toggling nocb state (ms)");
108 torture_param(int, read_exit_delay, 13, "Delay between read-then-exit episodes (s)");
109 torture_param(int, read_exit_burst, 16, "# of read-then-exit bursts per episode, zero to disable");
110 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
111 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
112 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
113 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10, "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
114 torture_param(bool, stall_no_softlockup, false, "Avoid softlockup warning during cpu stall.");
115 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
116 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_block, 0, "Sleep while stalling.");
117 torture_param(int, stall_gp_kthread, 0, "Grace-period kthread stall duration (s).");
118 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60, "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
119 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
120 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
121 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4, "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
122 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7, "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
123 torture_param(int, test_nmis, 0, "End-test NMI tests, 0 to disable.");
124 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true, "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
125 torture_param(int, test_srcu_lockdep, 0, "Test specified SRCU deadlock scenario.");
126 torture_param(int, verbose, 1, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
127 
128 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
129 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
130 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
131 
132 static int nrealnocbers;
133 static int nrealreaders;
134 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
135 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
136 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
137 static struct task_struct **nocb_tasks;
138 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
139 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
140 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
141 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
142 static struct task_struct **fwd_prog_tasks;
143 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
144 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
145 static struct task_struct *read_exit_task;
146 
147 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
148 
149 // Mailbox-like structure to check RCU global memory ordering.
150 struct rcu_torture_reader_check {
151 	unsigned long rtc_myloops;
152 	int rtc_chkrdr;
153 	unsigned long rtc_chkloops;
154 	int rtc_ready;
155 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtc_assigner;
156 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
157 
158 // Update-side data structure used to check RCU readers.
159 struct rcu_torture {
160 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
161 	int rtort_pipe_count;
162 	struct list_head rtort_free;
163 	int rtort_mbtest;
164 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtort_chkp;
165 };
166 
167 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
168 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
169 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
170 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
171 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
172 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
173 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
174 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
175 static struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rcu_torture_reader_mbchk;
176 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
177 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
178 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
179 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
180 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail;
181 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries;
182 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
183 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
184 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
185 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
186 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
187 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
188 static long n_barrier_attempts;
189 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
190 static unsigned long n_read_exits;
191 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
192 static unsigned long shutdown_jiffies;
193 static unsigned long start_gp_seq;
194 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_offload;
195 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_deoffload;
196 
197 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
198 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
199 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
200 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
201 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
202 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
203 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
204 #define RTWS_COND_GET_FULL	6
205 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP	7
206 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL	8
207 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		9
208 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL	10
209 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP	11
210 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL	12
211 #define RTWS_POLL_GET		13
212 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL	14
213 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP	15
214 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL	16
215 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT		17
216 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL	18
217 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP	19
218 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL	20
219 #define RTWS_SYNC		21
220 #define RTWS_STUTTER		22
221 #define RTWS_STOPPING		23
222 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
223 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
224 	"RTWS_DELAY",
225 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
226 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
227 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
228 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
229 	"RTWS_COND_GET_FULL",
230 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP",
231 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL",
232 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
233 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL",
234 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP",
235 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL",
236 	"RTWS_POLL_GET",
237 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL",
238 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP",
239 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL",
240 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT",
241 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL",
242 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP",
243 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL",
244 	"RTWS_SYNC",
245 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
246 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
247 };
248 
249 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
250 struct rt_read_seg {
251 	int rt_readstate;
252 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
253 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
254 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
255 	bool rt_preempted;
256 };
257 static int err_segs_recorded;
258 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
259 static int rt_read_nsegs;
260 
261 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
262 {
263 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
264 
265 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
266 		return "???";
267 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
268 }
269 
270 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
271 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
272 {
273 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
274 
275 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
276 	return ts;
277 }
278 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
279 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
280 {
281 	return 0ULL;
282 }
283 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
284 
285 /*
286  * Stop aggressive CPU-hog tests a bit before the end of the test in order
287  * to avoid interfering with test shutdown.
288  */
289 static bool shutdown_time_arrived(void)
290 {
291 	return shutdown_secs && time_after(jiffies, shutdown_jiffies - 30 * HZ);
292 }
293 
294 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
295 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
296 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
297 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
298 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
299 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
300 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
301 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
302 
303 static atomic_t rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;	/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
304 
305 /*
306  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
307  */
308 static struct rcu_torture *
309 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
310 {
311 	struct list_head *p;
312 
313 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
314 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
315 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
316 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
317 		return NULL;
318 	}
319 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
320 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
321 	list_del_init(p);
322 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
323 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
324 }
325 
326 /*
327  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
328  */
329 static void
330 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
331 {
332 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
333 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
334 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
335 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
336 }
337 
338 /*
339  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
340  */
341 
342 struct rcu_torture_ops {
343 	int ttype;
344 	void (*init)(void);
345 	void (*cleanup)(void);
346 	int (*readlock)(void);
347 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
348 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
349 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
350 	int (*readlock_held)(void);
351 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
352 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
353 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
354 	void (*sync)(void);
355 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
356 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state_exp)(void);
357 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll_exp)(void);
358 	void (*start_gp_poll_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
359 	bool (*poll_gp_state_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
360 	void (*cond_sync_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
361 	void (*cond_sync_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
362 	unsigned long (*get_comp_state)(void);
363 	void (*get_comp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
364 	bool (*same_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate1, unsigned long oldstate2);
365 	bool (*same_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp1, struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp2);
366 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state)(void);
367 	void (*get_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
368 	unsigned long (*get_gp_completed)(void);
369 	void (*get_gp_completed_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
370 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll)(void);
371 	void (*start_gp_poll_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
372 	bool (*poll_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate);
373 	bool (*poll_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
374 	bool (*poll_need_2gp)(bool poll, bool poll_full);
375 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
376 	void (*cond_sync_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
377 	call_rcu_func_t call;
378 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
379 	void (*fqs)(void);
380 	void (*stats)(void);
381 	void (*gp_kthread_dbg)(void);
382 	bool (*check_boost_failed)(unsigned long gp_state, int *cpup);
383 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
384 	long cbflood_max;
385 	int irq_capable;
386 	int can_boost;
387 	int extendables;
388 	int slow_gps;
389 	int no_pi_lock;
390 	const char *name;
391 };
392 
393 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
394 
395 /*
396  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
397  */
398 
399 static int torture_readlock_not_held(void)
400 {
401 	return rcu_read_lock_bh_held() || rcu_read_lock_sched_held();
402 }
403 
404 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void)
405 {
406 	rcu_read_lock();
407 	return 0;
408 }
409 
410 static void
411 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
412 {
413 	unsigned long started;
414 	unsigned long completed;
415 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
416 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
417 	unsigned long long ts;
418 
419 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
420 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
421 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
422 
423 	if (!atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
424 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
425 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
426 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
427 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
428 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
429 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
430 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
431 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
432 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
433 					  started, completed);
434 	}
435 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
436 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
437 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
438 	}
439 	if (!preempt_count() &&
440 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
441 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
442 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
443 	}
444 }
445 
446 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
447 {
448 	rcu_read_unlock();
449 }
450 
451 /*
452  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
453  */
454 static bool
455 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
456 {
457 	int i;
458 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp);
459 
460 	if (rtrcp) {
461 		WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp, NULL);
462 		smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_ready, 1); // Pair with smp_load_acquire().
463 	}
464 	i = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
465 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
466 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
467 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
468 	WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count, i + 1);
469 	if (rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
470 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
471 		return true;
472 	}
473 	return false;
474 }
475 
476 /*
477  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
478  * primitives.
479  */
480 static void
481 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
482 {
483 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
484 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
485 
486 	if (old_rp)
487 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
488 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
489 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
490 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
491 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
492 		}
493 	}
494 }
495 
496 static void
497 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
498 {
499 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
500 
501 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
502 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
503 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
504 		return;
505 	}
506 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
507 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
508 	else
509 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
510 }
511 
512 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
513 {
514 	return 0;
515 }
516 
517 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
518 {
519 	call_rcu_hurry(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
520 }
521 
522 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
523 {
524 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
525 }
526 
527 static bool rcu_poll_need_2gp(bool poll, bool poll_full)
528 {
529 	return poll;
530 }
531 
532 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
533 	.ttype			= RCU_FLAVOR,
534 	.init			= rcu_sync_torture_init,
535 	.readlock		= rcu_torture_read_lock,
536 	.read_delay		= rcu_read_delay,
537 	.readunlock		= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
538 	.readlock_held		= torture_readlock_not_held,
539 	.get_gp_seq		= rcu_get_gp_seq,
540 	.gp_diff		= rcu_seq_diff,
541 	.deferred_free		= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
542 	.sync			= synchronize_rcu,
543 	.exp_sync		= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
544 	.same_gp_state		= same_state_synchronize_rcu,
545 	.same_gp_state_full	= same_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
546 	.get_comp_state		= get_completed_synchronize_rcu,
547 	.get_comp_state_full	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full,
548 	.get_gp_state		= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
549 	.get_gp_state_full	= get_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
550 	.get_gp_completed	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu,
551 	.get_gp_completed_full	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full,
552 	.start_gp_poll		= start_poll_synchronize_rcu,
553 	.start_gp_poll_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full,
554 	.poll_gp_state		= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
555 	.poll_gp_state_full	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
556 	.poll_need_2gp		= rcu_poll_need_2gp,
557 	.cond_sync		= cond_synchronize_rcu,
558 	.cond_sync_full		= cond_synchronize_rcu_full,
559 	.get_gp_state_exp	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
560 	.start_gp_poll_exp	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
561 	.start_gp_poll_exp_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full,
562 	.poll_gp_state_exp	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
563 	.cond_sync_exp		= cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
564 	.call			= call_rcu_hurry,
565 	.cb_barrier		= rcu_barrier,
566 	.fqs			= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
567 	.stats			= NULL,
568 	.gp_kthread_dbg		= show_rcu_gp_kthreads,
569 	.check_boost_failed	= rcu_check_boost_fail,
570 	.stall_dur		= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
571 	.irq_capable		= 1,
572 	.can_boost		= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST),
573 	.extendables		= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
574 	.name			= "rcu"
575 };
576 
577 /*
578  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
579  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
580  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
581  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
582  * buggy-RCU error messages.
583  */
584 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
585 {
586 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
587 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
588 }
589 
590 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
591 {
592 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
593 }
594 
595 static void
596 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
597 {
598 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
599 	func(head);
600 }
601 
602 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
603 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
604 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
605 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
606 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
607 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
608 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
609 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
610 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
611 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
612 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
613 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
614 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
615 	.fqs		= NULL,
616 	.stats		= NULL,
617 	.irq_capable	= 1,
618 	.name		= "busted"
619 };
620 
621 /*
622  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
623  */
624 
625 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
626 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
627 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
628 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops;
629 
630 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void)
631 {
632 	if (cur_ops == &srcud_ops)
633 		return srcu_read_lock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp);
634 	else
635 		return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
636 }
637 
638 static void
639 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
640 {
641 	long delay;
642 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
643 	const long longdelay = 10;
644 
645 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
646 
647 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
648 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
649 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
650 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
651 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
652 	} else {
653 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
654 	}
655 }
656 
657 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
658 {
659 	if (cur_ops == &srcud_ops)
660 		srcu_read_unlock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp, idx);
661 	else
662 		srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
663 }
664 
665 static int torture_srcu_read_lock_held(void)
666 {
667 	return srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp);
668 }
669 
670 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
671 {
672 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
673 }
674 
675 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
676 {
677 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
678 }
679 
680 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
681 {
682 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
683 }
684 
685 static unsigned long srcu_torture_get_gp_state(void)
686 {
687 	return get_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
688 }
689 
690 static unsigned long srcu_torture_start_gp_poll(void)
691 {
692 	return start_poll_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
693 }
694 
695 static bool srcu_torture_poll_gp_state(unsigned long oldstate)
696 {
697 	return poll_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp, oldstate);
698 }
699 
700 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
701 			      rcu_callback_t func)
702 {
703 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
704 }
705 
706 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
707 {
708 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
709 }
710 
711 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
712 {
713 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
714 }
715 
716 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
717 {
718 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
719 }
720 
721 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
722 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
723 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
724 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
725 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
726 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
727 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
728 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
729 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
730 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
731 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
732 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
733 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
734 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
735 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
736 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
737 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
738 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
739 	.irq_capable	= 1,
740 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
741 	.name		= "srcu"
742 };
743 
744 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
745 {
746 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
747 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
748 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
749 }
750 
751 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
752 {
753 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
754 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
755 }
756 
757 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
758 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
759 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
760 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
761 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
762 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
763 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
764 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
765 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
766 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
767 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
768 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
769 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
770 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
771 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
772 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
773 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
774 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
775 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
776 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
777 	.irq_capable	= 1,
778 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
779 	.name		= "srcud"
780 };
781 
782 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
783 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
784 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
785 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
786 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
787 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
788 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
789 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
790 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
791 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
792 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
793 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
794 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
795 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
796 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
797 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
798 	.irq_capable	= 1,
799 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
800 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
801 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
802 };
803 
804 /*
805  * Definitions for trivial CONFIG_PREEMPT=n-only torture testing.
806  * This implementation does not necessarily work well with CPU hotplug.
807  */
808 
809 static void synchronize_rcu_trivial(void)
810 {
811 	int cpu;
812 
813 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
814 		torture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu));
815 		WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu);
816 	}
817 }
818 
819 static int rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial(void)
820 {
821 	preempt_disable();
822 	return 0;
823 }
824 
825 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial(int idx)
826 {
827 	preempt_enable();
828 }
829 
830 static struct rcu_torture_ops trivial_ops = {
831 	.ttype		= RCU_TRIVIAL_FLAVOR,
832 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
833 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
834 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
835 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
836 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
837 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
838 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
839 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
840 	.fqs		= NULL,
841 	.stats		= NULL,
842 	.irq_capable	= 1,
843 	.name		= "trivial"
844 };
845 
846 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
847 
848 /*
849  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
850  */
851 
852 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
853 {
854 	return 0;
855 }
856 
857 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
858 {
859 }
860 
861 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
862 {
863 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
864 }
865 
866 static void synchronize_rcu_mult_test(void)
867 {
868 	synchronize_rcu_mult(call_rcu_tasks, call_rcu_hurry);
869 }
870 
871 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
872 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
873 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
874 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
875 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
876 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
877 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
878 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
879 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
880 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_mult_test,
881 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
882 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
883 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_classic_gp_kthread,
884 	.fqs		= NULL,
885 	.stats		= NULL,
886 	.irq_capable	= 1,
887 	.slow_gps	= 1,
888 	.name		= "tasks"
889 };
890 
891 #define TASKS_OPS &tasks_ops,
892 
893 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
894 
895 #define TASKS_OPS
896 
897 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
898 
899 
900 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
901 
902 /*
903  * Definitions for rude RCU-tasks torture testing.
904  */
905 
906 static void rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
907 {
908 	call_rcu_tasks_rude(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
909 }
910 
911 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_rude_ops = {
912 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_RUDE_FLAVOR,
913 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
914 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
915 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
916 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
917 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
918 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free,
919 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
920 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
921 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_rude,
922 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_rude,
923 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_rude_gp_kthread,
924 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
925 	.fqs		= NULL,
926 	.stats		= NULL,
927 	.irq_capable	= 1,
928 	.name		= "tasks-rude"
929 };
930 
931 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS &tasks_rude_ops,
932 
933 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
934 
935 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS
936 
937 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
938 
939 
940 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
941 
942 /*
943  * Definitions for tracing RCU-tasks torture testing.
944  */
945 
946 static int tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock(void)
947 {
948 	rcu_read_lock_trace();
949 	return 0;
950 }
951 
952 static void tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
953 {
954 	rcu_read_unlock_trace();
955 }
956 
957 static void rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
958 {
959 	call_rcu_tasks_trace(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
960 }
961 
962 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_tracing_ops = {
963 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_TRACING_FLAVOR,
964 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
965 	.readlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock,
966 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse srcu's version. */
967 	.readunlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock,
968 	.readlock_held	= rcu_read_lock_trace_held,
969 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
970 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free,
971 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
972 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
973 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_trace,
974 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_trace,
975 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread,
976 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
977 	.fqs		= NULL,
978 	.stats		= NULL,
979 	.irq_capable	= 1,
980 	.slow_gps	= 1,
981 	.name		= "tasks-tracing"
982 };
983 
984 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS &tasks_tracing_ops,
985 
986 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
987 
988 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS
989 
990 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
991 
992 
993 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
994 {
995 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
996 		return new - old;
997 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
998 }
999 
1000 /*
1001  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
1002  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly starting grace periods and waiting
1003  * for them to complete.  If a given grace period takes too long, we assume
1004  * that priority inversion has occurred.
1005  */
1006 
1007 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
1008 
1009 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
1010 {
1011 	/*
1012 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
1013 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
1014 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
1015 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
1016 	 */
1017 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
1018 		return;
1019 
1020 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
1021 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
1022 }
1023 
1024 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
1025 {
1026 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
1027 		return;
1028 
1029 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
1030 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
1031 }
1032 
1033 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long gp_state, unsigned long *start)
1034 {
1035 	int cpu;
1036 	static int dbg_done;
1037 	unsigned long end = jiffies;
1038 	bool gp_done;
1039 	unsigned long j;
1040 	static unsigned long last_persist;
1041 	unsigned long lp;
1042 	unsigned long mininterval = test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2;
1043 
1044 	if (end - *start > mininterval) {
1045 		// Recheck after checking time to avoid false positives.
1046 		smp_mb(); // Time check before grace-period check.
1047 		if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1048 			return false; // passed, though perhaps just barely
1049 		if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, &cpu)) {
1050 			// At most one persisted message per boost test.
1051 			j = jiffies;
1052 			lp = READ_ONCE(last_persist);
1053 			if (time_after(j, lp + mininterval) && cmpxchg(&last_persist, lp, j) == lp)
1054 				pr_info("Boost inversion persisted: No QS from CPU %d\n", cpu);
1055 			return false; // passed on a technicality
1056 		}
1057 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
1058 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
1059 		if (!xchg(&dbg_done, 1) && cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg) {
1060 			pr_info("Boost inversion thread ->rt_priority %u gp_state %lu jiffies %lu\n",
1061 				current->rt_priority, gp_state, end - *start);
1062 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1063 			// Recheck after print to flag grace period ending during splat.
1064 			gp_done = cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state);
1065 			pr_info("Boost inversion: GP %lu %s.\n", gp_state,
1066 				gp_done ? "ended already" : "still pending");
1067 
1068 		}
1069 
1070 		return true; // failed
1071 	} else if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, NULL)) {
1072 		*start = jiffies;
1073 	}
1074 
1075 	return false; // passed
1076 }
1077 
1078 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
1079 {
1080 	unsigned long endtime;
1081 	unsigned long gp_state;
1082 	unsigned long gp_state_time;
1083 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
1084 
1085 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
1086 
1087 	/* Set real-time priority. */
1088 	sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1089 
1090 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
1091 	do {
1092 		bool failed = false; // Test failed already in this test interval
1093 		bool gp_initiated = false;
1094 
1095 		if (kthread_should_stop())
1096 			goto checkwait;
1097 
1098 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
1099 		oldstarttime = READ_ONCE(boost_starttime);
1100 		while (time_before(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
1101 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
1102 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1103 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1104 			if (torture_must_stop())
1105 				goto checkwait;
1106 		}
1107 
1108 		// Do one boost-test interval.
1109 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
1110 		while (time_before(jiffies, endtime)) {
1111 			// Has current GP gone too long?
1112 			if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1113 				failed = rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1114 			// If we don't have a grace period in flight, start one.
1115 			if (!gp_initiated || cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state)) {
1116 				gp_state = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1117 				gp_initiated = true;
1118 				gp_state_time = jiffies;
1119 			}
1120 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost")) {
1121 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1122 				// If the grace period already ended,
1123 				// we don't know when that happened, so
1124 				// start over.
1125 				if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1126 					gp_initiated = false;
1127 			}
1128 			if (torture_must_stop())
1129 				goto checkwait;
1130 		}
1131 
1132 		// In case the grace period extended beyond the end of the loop.
1133 		if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1134 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1135 
1136 		/*
1137 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
1138 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
1139 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
1140 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
1141 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
1142 		 */
1143 		while (oldstarttime == READ_ONCE(boost_starttime) && !kthread_should_stop()) {
1144 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
1145 				if (oldstarttime == boost_starttime) {
1146 					WRITE_ONCE(boost_starttime,
1147 						   jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ);
1148 					n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
1149 				}
1150 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1151 				break;
1152 			}
1153 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1154 		}
1155 
1156 		/* Go do the stutter. */
1157 checkwait:	if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1158 			sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1159 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1160 
1161 	/* Clean up and exit. */
1162 	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1163 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
1164 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1165 	}
1166 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
1167 	return 0;
1168 }
1169 
1170 /*
1171  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
1172  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
1173  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
1174  */
1175 static int
1176 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
1177 {
1178 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
1179 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
1180 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1181 
1182 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
1183 	do {
1184 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
1185 		while (time_before(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
1186 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1187 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
1188 		}
1189 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
1190 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
1191 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1192 			cur_ops->fqs();
1193 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
1194 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
1195 		}
1196 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs"))
1197 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1198 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1199 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
1200 	return 0;
1201 }
1202 
1203 // Used by writers to randomly choose from the available grace-period primitives.
1204 static int synctype[ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names)] = { };
1205 static int nsynctypes;
1206 
1207 /*
1208  * Determine which grace-period primitives are available.
1209  */
1210 static void rcu_torture_write_types(void)
1211 {
1212 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_cond_exp1 = gp_cond_exp, gp_cond_full1 = gp_cond_full;
1213 	bool gp_cond_exp_full1 = gp_cond_exp_full, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_poll_exp1 = gp_poll_exp;
1214 	bool gp_poll_exp_full1 = gp_poll_exp_full, gp_normal1 = gp_normal, gp_poll1 = gp_poll;
1215 	bool gp_poll_full1 = gp_poll_full, gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
1216 
1217 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
1218 	if (!gp_cond1 &&
1219 	    !gp_cond_exp1 &&
1220 	    !gp_cond_full1 &&
1221 	    !gp_cond_exp_full1 &&
1222 	    !gp_exp1 &&
1223 	    !gp_poll_exp1 &&
1224 	    !gp_poll_exp_full1 &&
1225 	    !gp_normal1 &&
1226 	    !gp_poll1 &&
1227 	    !gp_poll_full1 &&
1228 	    !gp_sync1) {
1229 		gp_cond1 = true;
1230 		gp_cond_exp1 = true;
1231 		gp_cond_full1 = true;
1232 		gp_cond_exp_full1 = true;
1233 		gp_exp1 = true;
1234 		gp_poll_exp1 = true;
1235 		gp_poll_exp_full1 = true;
1236 		gp_normal1 = true;
1237 		gp_poll1 = true;
1238 		gp_poll_full1 = true;
1239 		gp_sync1 = true;
1240 	}
1241 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
1242 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
1243 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
1244 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
1245 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
1246 	}
1247 	if (gp_cond_exp1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp) {
1248 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1249 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1250 	} else if (gp_cond_exp && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp)) {
1251 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1252 	}
1253 	if (gp_cond_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync_full) {
1254 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1255 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1256 	} else if (gp_cond_full && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync_full)) {
1257 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1258 	}
1259 	if (gp_cond_exp_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full) {
1260 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1261 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1262 	} else if (gp_cond_exp_full &&
1263 		   (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full)) {
1264 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1265 	}
1266 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1267 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1268 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1269 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1270 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1271 	}
1272 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1273 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1274 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
1275 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1276 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
1277 	}
1278 	if (gp_poll1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state && cur_ops->same_gp_state &&
1279 	    cur_ops->start_gp_poll && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1280 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1281 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling GPs.\n", __func__);
1282 	} else if (gp_poll && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)) {
1283 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll without primitives.\n", __func__);
1284 	}
1285 	if (gp_poll_full1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state_full && cur_ops->same_gp_state_full
1286 	    && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1287 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1288 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1289 	} else if (gp_poll_full && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1290 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1291 	}
1292 	if (gp_poll_exp1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp) {
1293 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1294 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1295 	} else if (gp_poll_exp && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp)) {
1296 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1297 	}
1298 	if (gp_poll_exp_full1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1299 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1300 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1301 	} else if (gp_poll_exp_full &&
1302 		   (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1303 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1304 	}
1305 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
1306 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
1307 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
1308 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
1309 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
1310 	}
1311 }
1312 
1313 /*
1314  * Do the specified rcu_torture_writer() synchronous grace period,
1315  * while also testing out the polled APIs.  Note well that the single-CPU
1316  * grace-period optimizations must be accounted for.
1317  */
1318 static void do_rtws_sync(struct torture_random_state *trsp, void (*sync)(void))
1319 {
1320 	unsigned long cookie;
1321 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1322 	bool dopoll;
1323 	bool dopoll_full;
1324 	unsigned long r = torture_random(trsp);
1325 
1326 	dopoll = cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state && !(r & 0x300);
1327 	dopoll_full = cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full && !(r & 0xc00);
1328 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1329 		cpus_read_lock();
1330 	if (dopoll)
1331 		cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1332 	if (dopoll_full)
1333 		cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1334 	if (cur_ops->poll_need_2gp && cur_ops->poll_need_2gp(dopoll, dopoll_full))
1335 		sync();
1336 	sync();
1337 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1338 		  "%s: Cookie check 3 failed %pS() online %*pbl.",
1339 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1340 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll_full && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1341 		  "%s: Cookie check 4 failed %pS() online %*pbl",
1342 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1343 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1344 		cpus_read_unlock();
1345 }
1346 
1347 /*
1348  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
1349  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
1350  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
1351  */
1352 static int
1353 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
1354 {
1355 	bool boot_ended;
1356 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1357 	unsigned long cookie;
1358 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1359 	int expediting = 0;
1360 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1361 	unsigned long gp_snap1;
1362 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1363 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap1_full;
1364 	int i;
1365 	int idx;
1366 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1367 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate rgo[NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_FULL_OLDSTATE];
1368 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
1369 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
1370 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1371 	bool stutter_waited;
1372 	unsigned long ulo[NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_OLDSTATE];
1373 
1374 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
1375 	if (!can_expedite)
1376 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1377 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
1378 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1379 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1380 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1381 		/*
1382 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1383 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1384 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1385 		 */
1386 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1387 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1388 		return 0;
1389 	}
1390 
1391 	do {
1392 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
1393 		torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
1394 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
1395 		if (rp == NULL)
1396 			continue;
1397 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
1398 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1399 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1400 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1401 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1402 					       current == writer_task);
1403 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1404 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1405 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1406 		if (old_rp) {
1407 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1408 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1409 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1410 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1411 			WRITE_ONCE(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count,
1412 				   old_rp->rtort_pipe_count + 1);
1413 
1414 			// Make sure readers block polled grace periods.
1415 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1416 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1417 				cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1418 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1419 					  "%s: Cookie check 1 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
1420 					  __func__,
1421 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1422 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1423 					  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
1424 				if (cur_ops->get_gp_completed) {
1425 					cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_completed();
1426 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie));
1427 				}
1428 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1429 			}
1430 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1431 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1432 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1433 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1434 					  "%s: Cookie check 5 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
1435 					  __func__,
1436 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1437 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1438 					  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1439 				if (cur_ops->get_gp_completed_full) {
1440 					cur_ops->get_gp_completed_full(&cookie_full);
1441 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full));
1442 				}
1443 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1444 			}
1445 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1446 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1447 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1448 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1449 				break;
1450 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1451 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1452 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->exp_sync);
1453 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1454 				break;
1455 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1456 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1457 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1458 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1459 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1460 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1461 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1462 				break;
1463 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1464 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1465 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1466 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1467 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP;
1468 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1469 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1470 				break;
1471 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1472 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1473 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1474 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1475 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL;
1476 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1477 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1478 				break;
1479 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1480 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1481 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1482 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1483 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL;
1484 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1485 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1486 				break;
1487 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1488 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1489 				for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ulo); i++)
1490 					ulo[i] = cur_ops->get_comp_state();
1491 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1492 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT;
1493 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1494 					gp_snap1 = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1495 					for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ulo); i++)
1496 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(ulo[i]) ||
1497 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state(ulo[i], gp_snap1)) {
1498 							ulo[i] = gp_snap1;
1499 							break;
1500 						}
1501 					WARN_ON_ONCE(i >= ARRAY_SIZE(ulo));
1502 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1503 								  &rand);
1504 				}
1505 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1506 				break;
1507 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1508 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1509 				for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rgo); i++)
1510 					cur_ops->get_comp_state_full(&rgo[i]);
1511 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1512 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL;
1513 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1514 					cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap1_full);
1515 					for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rgo); i++)
1516 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&rgo[i]) ||
1517 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state_full(&rgo[i],
1518 										&gp_snap1_full)) {
1519 							rgo[i] = gp_snap1_full;
1520 							break;
1521 						}
1522 					WARN_ON_ONCE(i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rgo));
1523 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1524 								  &rand);
1525 				}
1526 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1527 				break;
1528 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1529 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1530 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1531 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP;
1532 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap))
1533 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1534 								  &rand);
1535 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1536 				break;
1537 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1538 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1539 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1540 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL;
1541 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full))
1542 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1543 								  &rand);
1544 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1545 				break;
1546 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1547 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1548 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->sync);
1549 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1550 				break;
1551 			default:
1552 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1553 				break;
1554 			}
1555 		}
1556 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1557 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1558 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1559 		if (can_expedite &&
1560 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1561 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1562 			if (expediting >= 0)
1563 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1564 			else
1565 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1566 			if (++expediting > 3)
1567 				expediting = -expediting;
1568 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1569 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1570 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1571 		}
1572 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1573 		boot_ended = rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended();
1574 		stutter_waited = stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
1575 		if (stutter_waited &&
1576 		    !atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
1577 		    !cur_ops->slow_gps &&
1578 		    !torture_must_stop() &&
1579 		    boot_ended)
1580 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1581 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free) &&
1582 				    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) !=
1583 				    &rcu_tortures[i]) {
1584 					tracing_off();
1585 					show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1586 					WARN(1, "%s: rtort_pipe_count: %d\n", __func__, rcu_tortures[i].rtort_pipe_count);
1587 					rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1588 				}
1589 		if (stutter_waited)
1590 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1591 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1592 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;  // Let stats task know that we are done.
1593 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1594 	if (expediting > 0)
1595 		expediting = -expediting;
1596 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1597 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1598 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1599 	if (!can_expedite)
1600 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1601 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1602 			 torture_type);
1603 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1604 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1605 	return 0;
1606 }
1607 
1608 /*
1609  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1610  * delay between calls.
1611  */
1612 static int
1613 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1614 {
1615 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1616 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1617 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1618 
1619 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1620 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1621 
1622 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1623 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1624 		/*
1625 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1626 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1627 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1628 		 */
1629 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1630 		return 0;
1631 	}
1632 
1633 	do {
1634 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 10, &rand);
1635 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1636 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1637 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1638 		} else {
1639 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1640 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1641 				break;
1642 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1643 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1644 				break;
1645 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1646 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1647 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1648 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1649 				break;
1650 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1651 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1652 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1653 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1654 				break;
1655 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1656 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1657 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1658 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1659 				break;
1660 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1661 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1662 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1663 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1664 				break;
1665 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1666 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1667 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1668 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1669 								  &rand);
1670 				}
1671 				break;
1672 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1673 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1674 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1675 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1676 								  &rand);
1677 				}
1678 				break;
1679 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1680 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1681 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap)) {
1682 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1683 								  &rand);
1684 				}
1685 				break;
1686 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1687 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1688 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1689 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1690 								  &rand);
1691 				}
1692 				break;
1693 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1694 				cur_ops->sync();
1695 				break;
1696 			default:
1697 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1698 				break;
1699 			}
1700 		}
1701 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1702 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1703 
1704 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1705 	return 0;
1706 }
1707 
1708 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1709 {
1710 	kfree(rhp);
1711 }
1712 
1713 // Set up and carry out testing of RCU's global memory ordering
1714 static void rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(long myid, struct rcu_torture *rtp,
1715 					struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1716 {
1717 	unsigned long loops;
1718 	int noc = torture_num_online_cpus();
1719 	int rdrchked;
1720 	int rdrchker;
1721 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp; // Me.
1722 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_assigner; // Assigned us to do checking.
1723 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chked; // Reader being checked.
1724 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chker; // Reader doing checking when not me.
1725 
1726 	if (myid < 0)
1727 		return; // Don't try this from timer handlers.
1728 
1729 	// Increment my counter.
1730 	rtrcp = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[myid];
1731 	WRITE_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_myloops, rtrcp->rtc_myloops + 1);
1732 
1733 	// Attempt to assign someone else some checking work.
1734 	rdrchked = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1735 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1736 	rdrchker = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1737 	rtrcp_chker = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchker];
1738 	if (rdrchked != myid && rdrchked != rdrchker && noc >= rdrchked && noc >= rdrchker &&
1739 	    smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr) < 0 && // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1740 	    !READ_ONCE(rtp->rtort_chkp) &&
1741 	    !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner)) { // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1742 		rtrcp->rtc_chkloops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1743 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr >= 0);
1744 		rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr = rdrchked;
1745 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_ready); // This gets set after the grace period ends.
1746 		if (cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, NULL, rtrcp) ||
1747 		    cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtp->rtort_chkp, NULL, rtrcp))
1748 			(void)cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, rtrcp, NULL); // Back out.
1749 	}
1750 
1751 	// If assigned some completed work, do it!
1752 	rtrcp_assigner = READ_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_assigner);
1753 	if (!rtrcp_assigner || !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready))
1754 		return; // No work or work not yet ready.
1755 	rdrchked = rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr;
1756 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(rdrchked < 0))
1757 		return;
1758 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1759 	loops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1760 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries);
1761 	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(loops, rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops))
1762 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail);
1763 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops = loops + ULONG_MAX / 2;
1764 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready = 0;
1765 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_assigner, NULL); // Someone else can assign us work.
1766 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr, -1); // Assigner can again assign.
1767 }
1768 
1769 /*
1770  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1771  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1772  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1773  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1774  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1775  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1776  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1777  */
1778 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1779 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1780 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1781 {
1782 	unsigned long flags;
1783 	int idxnew1 = -1;
1784 	int idxnew2 = -1;
1785 	int idxold1 = *readstate;
1786 	int idxold2 = idxold1;
1787 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1788 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1789 
1790 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 < 0);
1791 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1);
1792 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1793 
1794 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1795 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1796 		local_bh_disable();
1797 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1798 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1799 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1800 		local_irq_disable();
1801 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1802 		preempt_disable();
1803 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1804 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1805 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
1806 		idxnew1 = (cur_ops->readlock() & 0x1) << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1;
1807 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)
1808 		idxnew2 = (cur_ops->readlock() & 0x1) << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2;
1809 
1810 	/*
1811 	 * Next, remove old protection, in decreasing order of strength
1812 	 * to avoid unlock paths that aren't safe in the stronger
1813 	 * context. Namely: BH can not be enabled with disabled interrupts.
1814 	 * Additionally PREEMPT_RT requires that BH is enabled in preemptible
1815 	 * context.
1816 	 */
1817 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1818 		local_irq_enable();
1819 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1820 		preempt_enable();
1821 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1822 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1823 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1824 		local_bh_enable();
1825 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1826 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1827 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2) {
1828 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) & 0x1);
1829 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 != -1);
1830 		idxold2 = 0;
1831 	}
1832 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) {
1833 		bool lockit;
1834 
1835 		lockit = !cur_ops->no_pi_lock && !statesnew && !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xffff);
1836 		if (lockit)
1837 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1838 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold1 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) & 0x1);
1839 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 != -1);
1840 		idxold1 = 0;
1841 		if (lockit)
1842 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1843 	}
1844 
1845 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1846 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1847 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1848 
1849 	/* Update the reader state. */
1850 	if (idxnew1 == -1)
1851 		idxnew1 = idxold1 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1;
1852 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 < 0);
1853 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew1 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) > 1))
1854 		pr_info("Unexpected idxnew1 value of %#x\n", idxnew1);
1855 	if (idxnew2 == -1)
1856 		idxnew2 = idxold2 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2;
1857 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 < 0);
1858 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1);
1859 	*readstate = idxnew1 | idxnew2 | newstate;
1860 	WARN_ON_ONCE(*readstate < 0);
1861 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1))
1862 		pr_info("Unexpected idxnew2 value of %#x\n", idxnew2);
1863 }
1864 
1865 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1866 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1867 {
1868 	int mask;
1869 
1870 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1871 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1872 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
1873 	return mask;
1874 }
1875 
1876 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1877 static int
1878 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1879 {
1880 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1881 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp);
1882 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1883 	unsigned long preempts = RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED;
1884 	unsigned long preempts_irq = preempts | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ;
1885 	unsigned long bhs = RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1886 
1887 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1);
1888 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
1889 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1890 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1891 	else
1892 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1893 
1894 	// Can't have nested RCU reader without outer RCU reader.
1895 	if (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) && (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)) {
1896 		if (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
1897 			mask &= ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
1898 		else
1899 			mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
1900 	}
1901 
1902 	/*
1903 	 * Can't enable bh w/irq disabled.
1904 	 */
1905 	if (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1906 		mask |= oldmask & bhs;
1907 
1908 	/*
1909 	 * Ideally these sequences would be detected in debug builds
1910 	 * (regardless of RT), but until then don't stop testing
1911 	 * them on non-RT.
1912 	 */
1913 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT)) {
1914 		/* Can't modify BH in atomic context */
1915 		if (oldmask & preempts_irq)
1916 			mask &= ~bhs;
1917 		if ((oldmask | mask) & preempts_irq)
1918 			mask |= oldmask & bhs;
1919 	}
1920 
1921 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
1922 }
1923 
1924 /*
1925  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1926  * critical section.
1927  */
1928 static struct rt_read_seg *
1929 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1930 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1931 {
1932 	int i;
1933 	int j;
1934 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1935 
1936 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1937 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1938 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1939 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1940 	i = torture_random(trsp);
1941 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1942 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1943 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1944 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1945 	}
1946 	return &rtrsp[j];
1947 }
1948 
1949 /*
1950  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1951  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1952  * from a timer handler.
1953  */
1954 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp, long myid)
1955 {
1956 	bool checkpolling = !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xfff);
1957 	unsigned long cookie;
1958 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1959 	int i;
1960 	unsigned long started;
1961 	unsigned long completed;
1962 	int newstate;
1963 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1964 	int pipe_count;
1965 	int readstate = 0;
1966 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1967 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
1968 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
1969 	unsigned long long ts;
1970 
1971 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_is_watching());
1972 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
1973 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
1974 	if (checkpolling) {
1975 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
1976 			cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1977 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
1978 			cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1979 	}
1980 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1981 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1982 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1983 				  !cur_ops->readlock_held || cur_ops->readlock_held());
1984 	if (p == NULL) {
1985 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1986 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1987 		return false;
1988 	}
1989 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1990 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1991 	rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(myid, p, trsp);
1992 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
1993 	preempt_disable();
1994 	pipe_count = READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count);
1995 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1996 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1997 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1998 	}
1999 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2000 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
2001 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
2002 					  ts, started, completed);
2003 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2004 	}
2005 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
2006 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
2007 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
2008 		/* Should not happen, but... */
2009 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
2010 	}
2011 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
2012 	preempt_enable();
2013 	if (checkpolling) {
2014 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
2015 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
2016 				  "%s: Cookie check 2 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
2017 				  __func__,
2018 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2019 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2020 				  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
2021 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
2022 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
2023 				  "%s: Cookie check 6 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
2024 				  __func__,
2025 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2026 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2027 				  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
2028 	}
2029 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
2030 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate);
2031 	// This next splat is expected behavior if leakpointer, especially
2032 	// for CONFIG_RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD=y kernels.
2033 	WARN_ON_ONCE(leakpointer && READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count) > 1);
2034 
2035 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
2036 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
2037 		i = 0;
2038 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
2039 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
2040 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
2041 	}
2042 
2043 	return true;
2044 }
2045 
2046 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
2047 
2048 /*
2049  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2050  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2051  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2052  * RCU implementation is broken.
2053  */
2054 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
2055 {
2056 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
2057 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand), -1);
2058 
2059 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
2060 	if (cur_ops->call) {
2061 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
2062 
2063 		if (rhp)
2064 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
2065 	}
2066 }
2067 
2068 /*
2069  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2070  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2071  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2072  * RCU implementation is broken.
2073  */
2074 static int
2075 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
2076 {
2077 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
2078 	long myid = (long)arg;
2079 	int mynumonline = myid;
2080 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2081 	struct timer_list t;
2082 
2083 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
2084 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2085 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
2086 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
2087 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2088 	do {
2089 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2090 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
2091 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
2092 		}
2093 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand, myid) && !torture_must_stop())
2094 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
2095 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2096 			torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
2097 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
2098 		}
2099 		while (torture_num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
2100 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
2101 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
2102 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2103 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2104 		del_timer_sync(&t);
2105 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
2106 	}
2107 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2108 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
2109 	return 0;
2110 }
2111 
2112 /*
2113  * Randomly Toggle CPUs' callback-offload state.  This uses hrtimers to
2114  * increase race probabilities and fuzzes the interval between toggling.
2115  */
2116 static int rcu_nocb_toggle(void *arg)
2117 {
2118 	int cpu;
2119 	int maxcpu = -1;
2120 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2121 	long r;
2122 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2123 	ktime_t toggle_delay;
2124 	unsigned long toggle_fuzz;
2125 	ktime_t toggle_interval = ms_to_ktime(nocbs_toggle);
2126 
2127 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_nocb_toggle task started");
2128 	while (!rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2129 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
2130 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
2131 		maxcpu = cpu;
2132 	WARN_ON(maxcpu < 0);
2133 	if (toggle_interval > ULONG_MAX)
2134 		toggle_fuzz = ULONG_MAX >> 3;
2135 	else
2136 		toggle_fuzz = toggle_interval >> 3;
2137 	if (toggle_fuzz <= 0)
2138 		toggle_fuzz = NSEC_PER_USEC;
2139 	do {
2140 		r = torture_random(&rand);
2141 		cpu = (r >> 1) % (maxcpu + 1);
2142 		if (r & 0x1) {
2143 			rcu_nocb_cpu_offload(cpu);
2144 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_offload);
2145 		} else {
2146 			rcu_nocb_cpu_deoffload(cpu);
2147 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_deoffload);
2148 		}
2149 		toggle_delay = torture_random(&rand) % toggle_fuzz + toggle_interval;
2150 		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
2151 		schedule_hrtimeout(&toggle_delay, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
2152 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_nocb_toggle"))
2153 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2154 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2155 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_nocb_toggle");
2156 	return 0;
2157 }
2158 
2159 /*
2160  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
2161  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
2162  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
2163  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
2164  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
2165  * thread is not running).
2166  */
2167 static void
2168 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
2169 {
2170 	int cpu;
2171 	int i;
2172 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2173 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2174 	struct rcu_torture *rtcp;
2175 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
2176 	static bool splatted;
2177 	struct task_struct *wtp;
2178 
2179 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2180 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2181 			pipesummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i]);
2182 			batchsummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i]);
2183 		}
2184 	}
2185 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN; i >= 0; i--) {
2186 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
2187 			break;
2188 	}
2189 
2190 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2191 	rtcp = rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current);
2192 	pr_cont("rtc: %p %s: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
2193 		rtcp,
2194 		rtcp && !rcu_stall_is_suppressed_at_boot() ? "ver" : "VER",
2195 		rcu_torture_current_version,
2196 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
2197 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
2198 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
2199 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
2200 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtmbkf: %d/%d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld ",
2201 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
2202 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail), atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries),
2203 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
2204 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror);
2205 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
2206 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
2207 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
2208 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
2209 	torture_onoff_stats();
2210 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
2211 		data_race(n_barrier_successes),
2212 		data_race(n_barrier_attempts),
2213 		data_race(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error));
2214 	pr_cont("read-exits: %ld ", data_race(n_read_exits)); // Statistic.
2215 	pr_cont("nocb-toggles: %ld:%ld\n",
2216 		atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_offload), atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_deoffload));
2217 
2218 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2219 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) ||
2220 	    atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail) ||
2221 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error || n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror ||
2222 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure || i > 1) {
2223 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
2224 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
2225 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror));
2226 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail));
2227 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);  // rcu_barrier()
2228 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror); // no boost kthread
2229 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_failure); // boost failed (TIMER_SOFTIRQ RT prio?)
2230 		WARN_ON_ONCE(i > 1); // Too-short grace period
2231 	}
2232 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
2233 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2234 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
2235 	pr_cont("\n");
2236 
2237 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2238 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
2239 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2240 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
2241 	pr_cont("\n");
2242 
2243 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2244 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
2245 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2246 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
2247 	}
2248 	pr_cont("\n");
2249 
2250 	if (cur_ops->stats)
2251 		cur_ops->stats();
2252 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
2253 	    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) &&
2254 	    !rcu_stall_is_suppressed()) {
2255 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
2256 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
2257 
2258 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
2259 				       &flags, &gp_seq);
2260 		srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp,
2261 					&flags, &gp_seq);
2262 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
2263 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#x cpu %d\n",
2264 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2265 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
2266 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0U : wtp->__state,
2267 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
2268 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
2269 			sched_show_task(wtp);
2270 			splatted = true;
2271 		}
2272 		if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
2273 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
2274 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2275 	}
2276 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
2277 }
2278 
2279 /*
2280  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
2281  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
2282  */
2283 static int
2284 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
2285 {
2286 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
2287 	do {
2288 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
2289 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
2290 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
2291 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2292 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
2293 	return 0;
2294 }
2295 
2296 /* Test mem_dump_obj() and friends.  */
2297 static void rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj(void)
2298 {
2299 	struct rcu_head *rhp;
2300 	struct kmem_cache *kcp;
2301 	static int z;
2302 
2303 	kcp = kmem_cache_create("rcuscale", 136, 8, SLAB_STORE_USER, NULL);
2304 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!kcp))
2305 		return;
2306 	rhp = kmem_cache_alloc(kcp, GFP_KERNEL);
2307 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp)) {
2308 		kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2309 		return;
2310 	}
2311 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() slab test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px, &z = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp, &z);
2312 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR):");
2313 	mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR);
2314 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(NULL):");
2315 	mem_dump_obj(NULL);
2316 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp);
2317 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp);
2318 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", rhp);
2319 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2320 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp->func);
2321 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2322 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &z);
2323 	mem_dump_obj(&z);
2324 	kmem_cache_free(kcp, rhp);
2325 	kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2326 	rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
2327 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2328 		return;
2329 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() kmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2330 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", rhp);
2331 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2332 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2333 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2334 	kfree(rhp);
2335 	rhp = vmalloc(4096);
2336 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2337 		return;
2338 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() vmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2339 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", rhp);
2340 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2341 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2342 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2343 	vfree(rhp);
2344 }
2345 
2346 static void
2347 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
2348 {
2349 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2350 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
2351 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
2352 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
2353 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
2354 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
2355 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
2356 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
2357 		 "stall_cpu_block=%d "
2358 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
2359 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d "
2360 		 "read_exit_delay=%d read_exit_burst=%d "
2361 		 "nocbs_nthreads=%d nocbs_toggle=%d "
2362 		 "test_nmis=%d\n",
2363 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
2364 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
2365 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
2366 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
2367 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
2368 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
2369 		 stall_cpu_block,
2370 		 n_barrier_cbs,
2371 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff,
2372 		 read_exit_delay, read_exit_burst,
2373 		 nocbs_nthreads, nocbs_toggle,
2374 		 test_nmis);
2375 }
2376 
2377 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
2378 {
2379 	struct task_struct *t;
2380 
2381 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
2382 		return 0;
2383 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2384 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
2385 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2386 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
2387 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2388 
2389 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
2390 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
2391 	return 0;
2392 }
2393 
2394 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
2395 {
2396 	int retval;
2397 
2398 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
2399 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
2400 
2401 	// Testing RCU priority boosting requires rcutorture do
2402 	// some serious abuse.  Counter this by running ksoftirqd
2403 	// at higher priority.
2404 	if (IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)) {
2405 		struct sched_param sp;
2406 		struct task_struct *t;
2407 
2408 		t = per_cpu(ksoftirqd, cpu);
2409 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!t);
2410 		sp.sched_priority = 2;
2411 		sched_setscheduler_nocheck(t, SCHED_FIFO, &sp);
2412 	}
2413 
2414 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
2415 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2416 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
2417 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
2418 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_run_on_cpu(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
2419 					      cpu, "rcu_torture_boost_%u");
2420 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
2421 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
2422 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
2423 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
2424 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2425 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2426 		return retval;
2427 	}
2428 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2429 	return 0;
2430 }
2431 
2432 static int rcu_torture_stall_nf(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long v, void *ptr)
2433 {
2434 	pr_info("%s: v=%lu, duration=%lu.\n", __func__, v, (unsigned long)ptr);
2435 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2436 }
2437 
2438 static struct notifier_block rcu_torture_stall_block = {
2439 	.notifier_call = rcu_torture_stall_nf,
2440 };
2441 
2442 /*
2443  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
2444  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
2445  */
2446 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
2447 {
2448 	int idx;
2449 	int ret;
2450 	unsigned long stop_at;
2451 
2452 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
2453 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers) {
2454 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2455 		if (ret)
2456 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register() returned %d, %sexpected.\n",
2457 				__func__, ret, !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_STALL_COMMON) ? "un" : "");
2458 	}
2459 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
2460 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
2461 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
2462 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
2463 	}
2464 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_gp_kthread > 0) {
2465 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin GP stall");
2466 		rcu_gp_set_torture_wait(stall_gp_kthread * HZ);
2467 		for (idx = 0; idx < stall_gp_kthread + 2; idx++) {
2468 			if (kthread_should_stop())
2469 				break;
2470 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2471 		}
2472 	}
2473 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_cpu > 0) {
2474 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin CPU stall");
2475 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
2476 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
2477 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2478 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
2479 			local_irq_disable();
2480 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2481 			preempt_disable();
2482 		pr_alert("%s start on CPU %d.\n",
2483 			  __func__, raw_smp_processor_id());
2484 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(),
2485 				    stop_at))
2486 			if (stall_cpu_block) {
2487 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPTION
2488 				preempt_schedule();
2489 #else
2490 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2491 #endif
2492 			} else if (stall_no_softlockup) {
2493 				touch_softlockup_watchdog();
2494 			}
2495 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
2496 			local_irq_enable();
2497 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2498 			preempt_enable();
2499 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2500 	}
2501 	pr_alert("%s end.\n", __func__);
2502 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers && !ret) {
2503 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2504 		if (ret)
2505 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister() returned %d.\n", __func__, ret);
2506 	}
2507 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
2508 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
2509 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
2510 	return 0;
2511 }
2512 
2513 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
2514 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
2515 {
2516 	if (stall_cpu <= 0 && stall_gp_kthread <= 0)
2517 		return 0;
2518 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
2519 }
2520 
2521 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
2522 struct fwd_cb_state {
2523 	struct rcu_head rh;
2524 	int stop;
2525 };
2526 
2527 /*
2528  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
2529  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
2530  * critical section.
2531  */
2532 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2533 {
2534 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
2535 
2536 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
2537 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
2538 		return;
2539 	}
2540 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2541 }
2542 
2543 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2544 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
2545 	struct rcu_head rh;
2546 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
2547 	struct rcu_fwd *rfc_rfp;
2548 	int rfc_gps;
2549 };
2550 
2551 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
2552 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
2553 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
2554 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
2555 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
2556 
2557 struct rcu_launder_hist {
2558 	long n_launders;
2559 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
2560 };
2561 
2562 struct rcu_fwd {
2563 	spinlock_t rcu_fwd_lock;
2564 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2565 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2566 	long n_launders_cb;
2567 	unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
2568 	struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
2569 	unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2570 	int rcu_fwd_id;
2571 };
2572 
2573 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_fwd_mutex);
2574 static struct rcu_fwd *rcu_fwds;
2575 static unsigned long rcu_fwd_seq;
2576 static atomic_long_t rcu_fwd_max_cbs;
2577 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
2578 
2579 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2580 {
2581 	unsigned long gps;
2582 	unsigned long gps_old;
2583 	int i;
2584 	int j;
2585 
2586 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
2587 		if (rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
2588 			break;
2589 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram %d (duration %lu jiffies):",
2590 		 __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id, jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat);
2591 	gps_old = rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2592 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
2593 		gps = rfp->n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
2594 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
2595 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV,
2596 			rfp->n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
2597 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
2598 		gps_old = gps;
2599 	}
2600 	pr_cont("\n");
2601 }
2602 
2603 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2604 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2605 {
2606 	unsigned long flags;
2607 	int i;
2608 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
2609 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
2610 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = rfcp->rfc_rfp;
2611 
2612 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
2613 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
2614 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2615 	rfcpp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2616 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
2617 	WRITE_ONCE(*rfcpp, rfcp);
2618 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb, rfp->n_launders_cb + 1);
2619 	i = ((jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
2620 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist))
2621 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1;
2622 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
2623 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2624 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2625 }
2626 
2627 // Give the scheduler a chance, even on nohz_full CPUs.
2628 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(unsigned long iter)
2629 {
2630 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)) {
2631 		// Real call_rcu() floods hit userspace, so emulate that.
2632 		if (need_resched() || (iter & 0xfff))
2633 			schedule();
2634 		return;
2635 	}
2636 	// No userspace emulation: CB invocation throttles call_rcu()
2637 	cond_resched();
2638 }
2639 
2640 /*
2641  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
2642  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
2643  */
2644 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2645 {
2646 	unsigned long flags;
2647 	unsigned long freed = 0;
2648 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2649 
2650 	for (;;) {
2651 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2652 		rfcp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2653 		if (!rfcp) {
2654 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2655 			break;
2656 		}
2657 		rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
2658 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head)
2659 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2660 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2661 		kfree(rfcp);
2662 		freed++;
2663 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(freed);
2664 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2665 			local_irq_save(flags);
2666 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2667 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2668 		}
2669 	}
2670 	return freed;
2671 }
2672 
2673 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
2674 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp,
2675 				    int *tested, int *tested_tries)
2676 {
2677 	unsigned long cver;
2678 	unsigned long dur;
2679 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
2680 	unsigned long gps;
2681 	int idx;
2682 	int sd;
2683 	int sd4;
2684 	bool selfpropcb = false;
2685 	unsigned long stopat;
2686 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2687 
2688 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2689 	if (!cur_ops->sync)
2690 		return; // Cannot do need_resched() forward progress testing without ->sync.
2691 	if (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
2692 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2693 		selfpropcb = true;
2694 	}
2695 
2696 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
2697 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2698 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2699 	if  (selfpropcb) {
2700 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
2701 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2702 	}
2703 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2704 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2705 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
2706 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
2707 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
2708 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2709 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
2710 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2711 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2712 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2713 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2714 		udelay(10);
2715 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2716 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
2717 			cond_resched();
2718 	}
2719 	(*tested_tries)++;
2720 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2721 	    !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2722 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2723 		(*tested)++;
2724 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2725 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2726 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
2727 		pr_alert("%s: %d Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__,
2728 			 rfp->rcu_fwd_id, dur, cver, gps);
2729 	}
2730 	if (selfpropcb) {
2731 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
2732 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
2733 		pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2734 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
2735 	}
2736 
2737 	if (selfpropcb) {
2738 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
2739 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2740 	}
2741 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 10); /* Let kthreads recover. */
2742 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2743 }
2744 
2745 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
2746 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2747 {
2748 	unsigned long cver;
2749 	unsigned long flags;
2750 	unsigned long gps;
2751 	int i;
2752 	long n_launders;
2753 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
2754 	long n_launders_sa;
2755 	long n_max_cbs;
2756 	long n_max_gps;
2757 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2758 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
2759 	unsigned long stopat;
2760 	unsigned long stoppedat;
2761 
2762 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2763 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
2764 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
2765 	if (!cur_ops->call)
2766 		return; /* Can't do call_rcu() fwd prog without ->call. */
2767 
2768 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
2769 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2770 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2771 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2772 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
2773 	n_launders = 0;
2774 	rfp->n_launders_cb = 0; // Hoist initialization for multi-kthread
2775 	n_launders_sa = 0;
2776 	n_max_cbs = 0;
2777 	n_max_gps = 0;
2778 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist); i++)
2779 		rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
2780 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2781 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2782 	rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
2783 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2784 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2785 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2786 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2787 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head);
2788 		rfcpn = NULL;
2789 		if (rfcp)
2790 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
2791 		if (rfcpn) {
2792 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
2793 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
2794 				break;
2795 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
2796 			n_launders++;
2797 			n_launders_sa++;
2798 		} else if (!cur_ops->cbflood_max || cur_ops->cbflood_max > n_max_cbs) {
2799 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
2800 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
2801 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2802 				continue;
2803 			}
2804 			n_max_cbs++;
2805 			n_launders_sa = 0;
2806 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
2807 			rfcp->rfc_rfp = rfp;
2808 		} else {
2809 			rfcp = NULL;
2810 		}
2811 		if (rfcp)
2812 			cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
2813 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(n_launders + n_max_cbs);
2814 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2815 			local_irq_save(flags);
2816 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2817 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2818 		}
2819 	}
2820 	stoppedat = jiffies;
2821 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb);
2822 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2823 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2824 	pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2825 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
2826 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp);
2827 
2828 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) &&
2829 	    !shutdown_time_arrived()) {
2830 		WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED);
2831 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n",
2832 			 __func__,
2833 			 stoppedat - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
2834 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
2835 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
2836 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps);
2837 		atomic_long_add(n_max_cbs, &rcu_fwd_max_cbs);
2838 		mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex); // Serialize histograms.
2839 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2840 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2841 	}
2842 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ); /* Let CBs drain. */
2843 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2844 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2845 }
2846 
2847 
2848 /*
2849  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
2850  * current forward-progress test.
2851  */
2852 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
2853 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
2854 {
2855 	int i;
2856 	long ncbs;
2857 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2858 
2859 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2860 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2861 	if (!rfp) {
2862 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2863 		return NOTIFY_OK;
2864 	}
2865 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
2866 	     __func__);
2867 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
2868 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(&rfp[i]);
2869 		rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rfp[i].rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
2870 	}
2871 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
2872 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
2873 	ncbs = 0;
2874 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2875 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2876 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2877 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2878 	ncbs = 0;
2879 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2880 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2881 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2882 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2883 	ncbs = 0;
2884 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2885 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2886 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2887 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
2888 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
2889 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
2890 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2891 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2892 }
2893 
2894 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
2895 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
2896 };
2897 
2898 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
2899 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
2900 {
2901 	bool firsttime = true;
2902 	long max_cbs;
2903 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2904 	unsigned long oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
2905 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = args;
2906 	int tested = 0;
2907 	int tested_tries = 0;
2908 
2909 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
2910 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
2911 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
2912 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2913 	do {
2914 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
2915 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
2916 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
2917 			if (!firsttime) {
2918 				max_cbs = atomic_long_xchg(&rcu_fwd_max_cbs, 0);
2919 				pr_alert("%s n_max_cbs: %ld\n", __func__, max_cbs);
2920 			}
2921 			firsttime = false;
2922 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq, rcu_fwd_seq + 1);
2923 		} else {
2924 			while (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq) == oldseq && !torture_must_stop())
2925 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
2926 			oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
2927 		}
2928 		pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2929 		if (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() && torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)
2930 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(rfp);
2931 		if ((cur_ops->stall_dur && cur_ops->stall_dur() > 0) &&
2932 		    (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_RCU) ||
2933 		     (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() &&
2934 		      torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)))
2935 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(rfp, &tested, &tested_tries);
2936 
2937 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
2938 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog"))
2939 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2940 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2941 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
2942 	if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
2943 		WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
2944 		pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
2945 	}
2946 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
2947 	return 0;
2948 }
2949 
2950 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
2951 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
2952 {
2953 	int i;
2954 	int ret = 0;
2955 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2956 
2957 	if (!fwd_progress)
2958 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
2959 	if (fwd_progress >= nr_cpu_ids) {
2960 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Limiting fwd_progress to # CPUs.\n");
2961 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
2962 	} else if (fwd_progress < 0) {
2963 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
2964 	}
2965 	if ((!cur_ops->sync && !cur_ops->call) ||
2966 	    (!cur_ops->cbflood_max && (!cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0)) ||
2967 	    cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
2968 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
2969 		fwd_progress = 0;
2970 		return 0;
2971 	}
2972 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
2973 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
2974 		fwd_progress = 0;
2975 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST))
2976 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
2977 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
2978 		return 0;
2979 	}
2980 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
2981 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
2982 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
2983 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
2984 	rfp = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*rfp), GFP_KERNEL);
2985 	fwd_prog_tasks = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*fwd_prog_tasks), GFP_KERNEL);
2986 	if (!rfp || !fwd_prog_tasks) {
2987 		kfree(rfp);
2988 		kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
2989 		fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
2990 		fwd_progress = 0;
2991 		return -ENOMEM;
2992 	}
2993 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
2994 		spin_lock_init(&rfp[i].rcu_fwd_lock);
2995 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2996 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_id = i;
2997 	}
2998 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2999 	rcu_fwds = rfp;
3000 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3001 	register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3002 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
3003 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, &rcu_fwds[i], fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3004 		if (ret) {
3005 			fwd_progress = i;
3006 			return ret;
3007 		}
3008 	}
3009 	return 0;
3010 }
3011 
3012 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup(void)
3013 {
3014 	int i;
3015 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
3016 
3017 	if (!rcu_fwds || !fwd_prog_tasks)
3018 		return;
3019 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
3020 		torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3021 	unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3022 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3023 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
3024 	rcu_fwds = NULL;
3025 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3026 	kfree(rfp);
3027 	kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
3028 	fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
3029 }
3030 
3031 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
3032 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
3033 {
3034 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
3035 }
3036 
3037 /* IPI handler to get callback posted on desired CPU, if online. */
3038 static void rcu_torture_barrier1cb(void *rcu_void)
3039 {
3040 	struct rcu_head *rhp = rcu_void;
3041 
3042 	cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3043 }
3044 
3045 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
3046 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
3047 {
3048 	long myid = (long)arg;
3049 	bool lastphase = false;
3050 	bool newphase;
3051 	struct rcu_head rcu;
3052 
3053 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3054 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
3055 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3056 	do {
3057 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
3058 			   (newphase =
3059 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
3060 			   torture_must_stop());
3061 		lastphase = newphase;
3062 		if (torture_must_stop())
3063 			break;
3064 		/*
3065 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
3066 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
3067 		 */
3068 		if (smp_call_function_single(myid, rcu_torture_barrier1cb,
3069 					     &rcu, 1)) {
3070 			// IPI failed, so use direct call from current CPU.
3071 			cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3072 		}
3073 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
3074 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
3075 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3076 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
3077 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3078 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3079 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
3080 	return 0;
3081 }
3082 
3083 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
3084 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
3085 {
3086 	int i;
3087 
3088 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
3089 	do {
3090 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3091 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
3092 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
3093 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
3094 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3095 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3096 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
3097 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
3098 			   torture_must_stop());
3099 		if (torture_must_stop())
3100 			break;
3101 		n_barrier_attempts++;
3102 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
3103 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
3104 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
3105 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
3106 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
3107 			       n_barrier_cbs);
3108 			WARN_ON(1);
3109 			// Wait manually for the remaining callbacks
3110 			i = 0;
3111 			do {
3112 				if (WARN_ON(i++ > HZ))
3113 					i = INT_MIN;
3114 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
3115 				cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3116 			} while (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) !=
3117 				 n_barrier_cbs &&
3118 				 !torture_must_stop());
3119 			smp_mb(); // Can't trust ordering if broken.
3120 			if (!torture_must_stop())
3121 				pr_err("Recovered: barrier_cbs_invoked = %d\n",
3122 				       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked));
3123 		} else {
3124 			n_barrier_successes++;
3125 		}
3126 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
3127 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3128 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
3129 	return 0;
3130 }
3131 
3132 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
3133 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
3134 {
3135 	int i;
3136 	int ret;
3137 
3138 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
3139 		return 0;
3140 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
3141 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3142 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
3143 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
3144 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3145 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
3146 			 torture_type);
3147 		return 0;
3148 	}
3149 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
3150 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3151 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
3152 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
3153 			GFP_KERNEL);
3154 	barrier_cbs_wq =
3155 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
3156 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
3157 		return -ENOMEM;
3158 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
3159 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3160 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3161 					     (void *)(long)i,
3162 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3163 		if (ret)
3164 			return ret;
3165 	}
3166 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
3167 }
3168 
3169 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
3170 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
3171 {
3172 	int i;
3173 
3174 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
3175 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
3176 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3177 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3178 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3179 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
3180 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
3181 	}
3182 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
3183 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
3184 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
3185 	}
3186 }
3187 
3188 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
3189 {
3190 	static int boost_warn_once;
3191 	int prio;
3192 
3193 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
3194 		return false;
3195 	if (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
3196 		return false;
3197 
3198 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
3199 	if (!prio)
3200 		return false;
3201 
3202 	if (prio < 2) {
3203 		if (boost_warn_once == 1)
3204 			return false;
3205 
3206 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3207 		boost_warn_once = 1;
3208 		return false;
3209 	}
3210 
3211 	return true;
3212 }
3213 
3214 static bool read_exit_child_stop;
3215 static bool read_exit_child_stopped;
3216 static wait_queue_head_t read_exit_wq;
3217 
3218 // Child kthread which just does an rcutorture reader and exits.
3219 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_child(void *trsp_in)
3220 {
3221 	struct torture_random_state *trsp = trsp_in;
3222 
3223 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3224 	// Minimize time between reading and exiting.
3225 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
3226 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3227 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(trsp, -1);
3228 	return 0;
3229 }
3230 
3231 // Parent kthread which creates and destroys read-exit child kthreads.
3232 static int rcu_torture_read_exit(void *unused)
3233 {
3234 	bool errexit = false;
3235 	int i;
3236 	struct task_struct *tsp;
3237 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
3238 
3239 	// Allocate and initialize.
3240 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3241 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of test");
3242 
3243 	// Each pass through this loop does one read-exit episode.
3244 	do {
3245 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of episode");
3246 		for (i = 0; i < read_exit_burst; i++) {
3247 			if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
3248 				break;
3249 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3250 			// Spawn child.
3251 			tsp = kthread_run(rcu_torture_read_exit_child,
3252 					  &trs, "%s", "rcu_torture_read_exit_child");
3253 			if (IS_ERR(tsp)) {
3254 				TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3255 				errexit = true;
3256 				break;
3257 			}
3258 			cond_resched();
3259 			kthread_stop(tsp);
3260 			n_read_exits++;
3261 		}
3262 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: End of episode");
3263 		rcu_barrier(); // Wait for task_struct free, avoid OOM.
3264 		i = 0;
3265 		for (; !errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop) && i < read_exit_delay; i++)
3266 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
3267 	} while (!errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop));
3268 
3269 	// Clean up and exit.
3270 	smp_store_release(&read_exit_child_stopped, true); // After reaping.
3271 	smp_mb(); // Store before wakeup.
3272 	wake_up(&read_exit_wq);
3273 	while (!torture_must_stop())
3274 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3275 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3276 	return 0;
3277 }
3278 
3279 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_init(void)
3280 {
3281 	if (read_exit_burst <= 0)
3282 		return 0;
3283 	init_waitqueue_head(&read_exit_wq);
3284 	read_exit_child_stop = false;
3285 	read_exit_child_stopped = false;
3286 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_read_exit, NULL,
3287 				      read_exit_task);
3288 }
3289 
3290 static void rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup(void)
3291 {
3292 	if (!read_exit_task)
3293 		return;
3294 	WRITE_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop, true);
3295 	smp_mb(); // Above write before wait.
3296 	wait_event(read_exit_wq, smp_load_acquire(&read_exit_child_stopped));
3297 	torture_stop_kthread(rcutorture_read_exit, read_exit_task);
3298 }
3299 
3300 static void rcutorture_test_nmis(int n)
3301 {
3302 #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3303 	int cpu;
3304 	int dumpcpu;
3305 	int i;
3306 
3307 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
3308 		preempt_disable();
3309 		cpu = smp_processor_id();
3310 		dumpcpu = cpu + 1;
3311 		if (dumpcpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
3312 			dumpcpu = 0;
3313 		pr_alert("%s: CPU %d invoking dump_cpu_task(%d)\n", __func__, cpu, dumpcpu);
3314 		dump_cpu_task(dumpcpu);
3315 		preempt_enable();
3316 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(15 * HZ);
3317 	}
3318 #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3319 	WARN_ONCE(n, "Non-zero rcutorture.test_nmis=%d permitted only when rcutorture is built in.\n", test_nmis);
3320 #endif // #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3321 }
3322 
3323 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
3324 
3325 static void
3326 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
3327 {
3328 	int firsttime;
3329 	int flags = 0;
3330 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3331 	int i;
3332 
3333 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
3334 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3335 			pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3336 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3337 		}
3338 		rcu_gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3339 		return;
3340 	}
3341 	if (!cur_ops) {
3342 		torture_cleanup_end();
3343 		rcu_gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3344 		return;
3345 	}
3346 
3347 	rcutorture_test_nmis(test_nmis);
3348 
3349 	if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
3350 		cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
3351 	rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup();
3352 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
3353 	rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup();
3354 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
3355 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
3356 
3357 	if (nocb_tasks) {
3358 		for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++)
3359 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, nocb_tasks[i]);
3360 		kfree(nocb_tasks);
3361 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
3362 	}
3363 
3364 	if (reader_tasks) {
3365 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
3366 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
3367 					     reader_tasks[i]);
3368 		kfree(reader_tasks);
3369 		reader_tasks = NULL;
3370 	}
3371 	kfree(rcu_torture_reader_mbchk);
3372 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = NULL;
3373 
3374 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
3375 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++)
3376 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
3377 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
3378 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
3379 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
3380 	}
3381 
3382 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
3383 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
3384 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x total-gps=%ld\n",
3385 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags,
3386 		 rcutorture_seq_diff(gp_seq, start_gp_seq));
3387 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
3388 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
3389 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost() && rcutor_hp >= 0)
3390 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
3391 
3392 	/*
3393 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
3394 	 * cleanup operations.
3395 	 */
3396 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3397 		pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3398 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3399 	}
3400 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
3401 		cur_ops->cleanup();
3402 
3403 	rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj();
3404 
3405 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
3406 
3407 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
3408 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
3409 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
3410 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
3411 		firsttime = 1;
3412 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
3413 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
3414 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
3415 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3416 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
3417 				firsttime = 0;
3418 			}
3419 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
3420 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3421 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
3422 				firsttime = 0;
3423 			}
3424 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
3425 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3426 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
3427 				firsttime = 0;
3428 			}
3429 			pr_cont("%s\n",
3430 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
3431 
3432 		}
3433 	}
3434 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
3435 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
3436 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
3437 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
3438 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
3439 	else
3440 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
3441 	torture_cleanup_end();
3442 	rcu_gp_slow_unregister(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
3443 }
3444 
3445 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
3446 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3447 {
3448 }
3449 
3450 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3451 {
3452 	/*
3453 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
3454 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
3455 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
3456 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
3457 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
3458 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
3459 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
3460 	 */
3461 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3462 }
3463 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
3464 
3465 /*
3466  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
3467  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
3468  * cannot be carried out.
3469  */
3470 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
3471 {
3472 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
3473 	struct rcu_head rh1;
3474 	struct rcu_head rh2;
3475 	struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
3476 
3477 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3478 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3479 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3480 
3481 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
3482 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
3483 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
3484 	call_rcu_hurry(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
3485 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
3486 	call_rcu_hurry(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3487 	call_rcu_hurry(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
3488 	if (rhp) {
3489 		call_rcu_hurry(rhp, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3490 		call_rcu_hurry(rhp, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Another duplicate callback. */
3491 	}
3492 	local_irq_enable();
3493 	rcu_read_unlock();
3494 	preempt_enable();
3495 
3496 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
3497 	rcu_barrier();
3498 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3499 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3500 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3501 	kfree(rhp);
3502 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
3503 	pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3504 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
3505 }
3506 
3507 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
3508 {
3509 	static unsigned long n;
3510 
3511 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
3512 		cur_ops->sync();
3513 }
3514 
3515 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut0);
3516 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut1);
3517 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut2);
3518 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut3);
3519 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut4);
3520 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut5);
3521 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut6);
3522 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut7);
3523 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut8);
3524 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut9);
3525 
3526 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem0);
3527 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem1);
3528 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem2);
3529 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem3);
3530 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem4);
3531 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem5);
3532 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem6);
3533 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem7);
3534 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem8);
3535 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem9);
3536 
3537 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu0);
3538 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu1);
3539 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu2);
3540 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu3);
3541 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu4);
3542 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu5);
3543 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu6);
3544 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu7);
3545 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu8);
3546 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu9);
3547 
3548 static int srcu_lockdep_next(const char *f, const char *fl, const char *fs, const char *fu, int i,
3549 			     int cyclelen, int deadlock)
3550 {
3551 	int j = i + 1;
3552 
3553 	if (j >= cyclelen)
3554 		j = deadlock ? 0 : -1;
3555 	if (j >= 0)
3556 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fs, j, fu, i);
3557 	else
3558 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fu, i);
3559 	return j;
3560 }
3561 
3562 // Test lockdep on SRCU-based deadlock scenarios.
3563 static void rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep(void)
3564 {
3565 	int cyclelen;
3566 	int deadlock;
3567 	bool err = false;
3568 	int i;
3569 	int j;
3570 	int idx;
3571 	struct mutex *muts[] = { &mut0, &mut1, &mut2, &mut3, &mut4,
3572 				 &mut5, &mut6, &mut7, &mut8, &mut9 };
3573 	struct rw_semaphore *rwsems[] = { &rwsem0, &rwsem1, &rwsem2, &rwsem3, &rwsem4,
3574 					  &rwsem5, &rwsem6, &rwsem7, &rwsem8, &rwsem9 };
3575 	struct srcu_struct *srcus[] = { &srcu0, &srcu1, &srcu2, &srcu3, &srcu4,
3576 					&srcu5, &srcu6, &srcu7, &srcu8, &srcu9 };
3577 	int testtype;
3578 
3579 	if (!test_srcu_lockdep)
3580 		return;
3581 
3582 	deadlock = test_srcu_lockdep / 1000;
3583 	testtype = (test_srcu_lockdep / 10) % 100;
3584 	cyclelen = test_srcu_lockdep % 10;
3585 	WARN_ON_ONCE(ARRAY_SIZE(muts) != ARRAY_SIZE(srcus));
3586 	if (WARN_ONCE(deadlock != !!deadlock,
3587 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and deadlock digit %d must be zero or one.\n",
3588 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, deadlock))
3589 		err = true;
3590 	if (WARN_ONCE(cyclelen <= 0,
3591 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and cycle-length digit %d must be greater than zero.\n",
3592 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen))
3593 		err = true;
3594 	if (err)
3595 		goto err_out;
3596 
3597 	if (testtype == 0) {
3598 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3599 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3600 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3601 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3602 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3603 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "srcu_read_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3604 					      "srcu_read_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3605 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3606 			if (j >= 0)
3607 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3608 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3609 		}
3610 		return;
3611 	}
3612 
3613 	if (testtype == 1) {
3614 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/mutex %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3615 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3616 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3617 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), mutex_lock(%d), mutex_unlock(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3618 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3619 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3620 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3621 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3622 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3623 
3624 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "mutex_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3625 					      "mutex_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3626 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3627 			if (j >= 0)
3628 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3629 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3630 		}
3631 		return;
3632 	}
3633 
3634 	if (testtype == 2) {
3635 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/rwsem %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3636 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3637 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3638 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), down_read(%d), up_read(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3639 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3640 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3641 			down_read(rwsems[i]);
3642 			up_read(rwsems[i]);
3643 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3644 
3645 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "down_write", "synchronize_srcu",
3646 					      "up_write", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3647 			down_write(rwsems[i]);
3648 			if (j >= 0)
3649 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3650 			up_write(rwsems[i]);
3651 		}
3652 		return;
3653 	}
3654 
3655 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3656 	if (testtype == 3) {
3657 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU and Tasks Trace RCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3658 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3659 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3660 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3661 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3662 			char *fl = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_lock_trace" : "srcu_read_lock";
3663 			char *fs = i == cyclelen - 1 ? "synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace"
3664 						     : "synchronize_srcu";
3665 			char *fu = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_unlock_trace" : "srcu_read_unlock";
3666 
3667 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, fl, fs, fu, i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3668 			if (i == 0)
3669 				rcu_read_lock_trace();
3670 			else
3671 				idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3672 			if (j >= 0) {
3673 				if (i == cyclelen - 1)
3674 					synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace();
3675 				else
3676 					synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3677 			}
3678 			if (i == 0)
3679 				rcu_read_unlock_trace();
3680 			else
3681 				srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3682 		}
3683 		return;
3684 	}
3685 #endif // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3686 
3687 err_out:
3688 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d does nothing.\n", __func__, test_srcu_lockdep);
3689 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = DNNL.\n", __func__);
3690 	pr_info("%s: D: Deadlock if nonzero.\n", __func__);
3691 	pr_info("%s: NN: Test number, 0=SRCU, 1=SRCU/mutex, 2=SRCU/rwsem, 3=SRCU/Tasks Trace RCU.\n", __func__);
3692 	pr_info("%s: L: Cycle length.\n", __func__);
3693 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU))
3694 		pr_info("%s: NN=3 disallowed because kernel is built with CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU=n\n", __func__);
3695 }
3696 
3697 static int __init
3698 rcu_torture_init(void)
3699 {
3700 	long i;
3701 	int cpu;
3702 	int firsterr = 0;
3703 	int flags = 0;
3704 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3705 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
3706 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops, &busted_srcud_ops,
3707 		TASKS_OPS TASKS_RUDE_OPS TASKS_TRACING_OPS
3708 		&trivial_ops,
3709 	};
3710 
3711 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
3712 		return -EBUSY;
3713 
3714 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
3715 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
3716 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
3717 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
3718 			break;
3719 	}
3720 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
3721 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
3722 			 torture_type);
3723 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
3724 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
3725 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
3726 		pr_cont("\n");
3727 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
3728 		cur_ops = NULL;
3729 		goto unwind;
3730 	}
3731 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
3732 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
3733 		fqs_duration = 0;
3734 	}
3735 	if (nocbs_nthreads != 0 && (cur_ops != &rcu_ops ||
3736 				    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU))) {
3737 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types: %s and CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=%d, nocb toggle disabled.\n",
3738 			 cur_ops->name, IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU));
3739 		nocbs_nthreads = 0;
3740 	}
3741 	if (cur_ops->init)
3742 		cur_ops->init();
3743 
3744 	rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep();
3745 
3746 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
3747 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
3748 	} else {
3749 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
3750 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
3751 			nrealreaders = 1;
3752 	}
3753 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
3754 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
3755 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
3756 	start_gp_seq = gp_seq;
3757 	pr_alert("%s:  Start-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x\n",
3758 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags);
3759 
3760 	/* Set up the freelist. */
3761 
3762 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
3763 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
3764 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
3765 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
3766 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
3767 	}
3768 
3769 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
3770 
3771 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
3772 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
3773 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
3774 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
3775 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
3776 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
3777 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail, 0);
3778 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries, 0);
3779 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
3780 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
3781 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
3782 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
3783 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
3784 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
3785 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
3786 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
3787 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
3788 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
3789 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
3790 		}
3791 	}
3792 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
3793 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
3794 
3795 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
3796 
3797 	rcu_torture_write_types();
3798 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
3799 					  writer_task);
3800 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3801 		goto unwind;
3802 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
3803 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
3804 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
3805 					   GFP_KERNEL);
3806 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
3807 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3808 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3809 			goto unwind;
3810 		}
3811 	}
3812 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
3813 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
3814 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
3815 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3816 			goto unwind;
3817 	}
3818 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
3819 			       GFP_KERNEL);
3820 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(*rcu_torture_reader_mbchk),
3821 					   GFP_KERNEL);
3822 	if (!reader_tasks || !rcu_torture_reader_mbchk) {
3823 		TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3824 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3825 		goto unwind;
3826 	}
3827 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
3828 		rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[i].rtc_chkrdr = -1;
3829 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
3830 						  reader_tasks[i]);
3831 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3832 			goto unwind;
3833 	}
3834 	nrealnocbers = nocbs_nthreads;
3835 	if (WARN_ON(nrealnocbers < 0))
3836 		nrealnocbers = 1;
3837 	if (WARN_ON(nocbs_toggle < 0))
3838 		nocbs_toggle = HZ;
3839 	if (nrealnocbers > 0) {
3840 		nocb_tasks = kcalloc(nrealnocbers, sizeof(nocb_tasks[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
3841 		if (nocb_tasks == NULL) {
3842 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3843 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3844 			goto unwind;
3845 		}
3846 	} else {
3847 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
3848 	}
3849 	for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++) {
3850 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, NULL, nocb_tasks[i]);
3851 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3852 			goto unwind;
3853 	}
3854 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
3855 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
3856 						  stats_task);
3857 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3858 			goto unwind;
3859 	}
3860 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
3861 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
3862 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3863 			goto unwind;
3864 	}
3865 	if (stutter < 0)
3866 		stutter = 0;
3867 	if (stutter) {
3868 		int t;
3869 
3870 		t = cur_ops->stall_dur ? cur_ops->stall_dur() : stutter * HZ;
3871 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ, t);
3872 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3873 			goto unwind;
3874 	}
3875 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
3876 		fqs_duration = 0;
3877 	if (fqs_holdoff < 0)
3878 		fqs_holdoff = 0;
3879 	if (fqs_duration && fqs_holdoff) {
3880 		/* Create the fqs thread */
3881 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
3882 						  fqs_task);
3883 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3884 			goto unwind;
3885 	}
3886 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
3887 		test_boost_interval = 1;
3888 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
3889 		test_boost_duration = 2;
3890 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
3891 
3892 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
3893 
3894 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
3895 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
3896 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
3897 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
3898 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3899 			goto unwind;
3900 	}
3901 	shutdown_jiffies = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
3902 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
3903 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3904 		goto unwind;
3905 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
3906 				      rcutorture_sync);
3907 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3908 		goto unwind;
3909 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
3910 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3911 		goto unwind;
3912 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
3913 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3914 		goto unwind;
3915 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
3916 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3917 		goto unwind;
3918 	firsterr = rcu_torture_read_exit_init();
3919 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3920 		goto unwind;
3921 	if (object_debug)
3922 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
3923 	torture_init_end();
3924 	rcu_gp_slow_register(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
3925 	return 0;
3926 
3927 unwind:
3928 	torture_init_end();
3929 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
3930 	if (shutdown_secs) {
3931 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
3932 		kernel_power_off();
3933 	}
3934 	return firsterr;
3935 }
3936 
3937 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
3938 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
3939