xref: /linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision e814f3fd16acfb7f9966773953de8f740a1e3202)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.rst
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
24 #include <linux/rcu_notifier.h>
25 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
26 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
27 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
28 #include <linux/atomic.h>
29 #include <linux/bitops.h>
30 #include <linux/completion.h>
31 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
32 #include <linux/percpu.h>
33 #include <linux/notifier.h>
34 #include <linux/reboot.h>
35 #include <linux/freezer.h>
36 #include <linux/cpu.h>
37 #include <linux/delay.h>
38 #include <linux/stat.h>
39 #include <linux/srcu.h>
40 #include <linux/slab.h>
41 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
42 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
43 #include <linux/torture.h>
44 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
46 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
47 #include <linux/oom.h>
48 #include <linux/tick.h>
49 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
50 #include <linux/nmi.h>
51 
52 #include "rcu.h"
53 
54 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility");
55 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
56 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
57 
58 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1	 (0xff << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1)
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2	 16	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2	 (0xff << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2)
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
65 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
66 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
67 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
69 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2	 0x40	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
70 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 7	/* Number of bits defined above. */
71 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
72 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
73 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
74 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_ALLBITS	\
75 	(RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2 | \
76 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2)
77 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
78 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
79 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
80 
81 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
82 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
83 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0, "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
84 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
85 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
86 torture_param(int, fwd_progress, 1, "Number of grace-period forward progress tasks (0 to disable)");
87 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
88 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60, "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
89 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1, "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
90 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
91 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp, false, "Use conditional/async expedited GP wait primitives");
92 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_full, false, "Use conditional/async full-state GP wait primitives");
93 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp_full, false,
94 		    "Use conditional/async full-stateexpedited GP wait primitives");
95 torture_param(int, gp_cond_wi, 16 * USEC_PER_SEC / HZ,
96 		   "Wait interval for normal conditional grace periods, us (default 16 jiffies)");
97 torture_param(int, gp_cond_wi_exp, 128,
98 		   "Wait interval for expedited conditional grace periods, us (default 128 us)");
99 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
100 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false, "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
101 torture_param(bool, gp_poll, false, "Use polling GP wait primitives");
102 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp, false, "Use polling expedited GP wait primitives");
103 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_full, false, "Use polling full-state GP wait primitives");
104 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp_full, false, "Use polling full-state expedited GP wait primitives");
105 torture_param(int, gp_poll_wi, 16 * USEC_PER_SEC / HZ,
106 		   "Wait interval for normal polled grace periods, us (default 16 jiffies)");
107 torture_param(int, gp_poll_wi_exp, 128,
108 		   "Wait interval for expedited polled grace periods, us (default 128 us)");
109 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
110 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
111 torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
112 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0, "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
113 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
114 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
115 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0, "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
116 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
117 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0, "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
118 torture_param(int, nocbs_nthreads, 0, "Number of NOCB toggle threads, 0 to disable");
119 torture_param(int, nocbs_toggle, 1000, "Time between toggling nocb state (ms)");
120 torture_param(int, preempt_duration, 0, "Preemption duration (ms), zero to disable");
121 torture_param(int, preempt_interval, MSEC_PER_SEC, "Interval between preemptions (ms)");
122 torture_param(int, read_exit_delay, 13, "Delay between read-then-exit episodes (s)");
123 torture_param(int, read_exit_burst, 16, "# of read-then-exit bursts per episode, zero to disable");
124 torture_param(int, reader_flavor, SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL, "Reader flavors to use, one per bit.");
125 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
126 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
127 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
128 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10, "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
129 torture_param(bool, stall_no_softlockup, false, "Avoid softlockup warning during cpu stall.");
130 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
131 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_block, 0, "Sleep while stalling.");
132 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_repeat, 0, "Number of additional stalls after the first one.");
133 torture_param(int, stall_gp_kthread, 0, "Grace-period kthread stall duration (s).");
134 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60, "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
135 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
136 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
137 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4, "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
138 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7, "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
139 torture_param(int, test_nmis, 0, "End-test NMI tests, 0 to disable.");
140 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true, "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
141 torture_param(int, test_srcu_lockdep, 0, "Test specified SRCU deadlock scenario.");
142 torture_param(int, verbose, 1, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
143 
144 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
145 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
146 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
147 
148 static int nrealnocbers;
149 static int nrealreaders;
150 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
151 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
152 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
153 static struct task_struct **nocb_tasks;
154 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
155 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
156 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
157 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
158 static struct task_struct **fwd_prog_tasks;
159 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
160 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
161 static struct task_struct *read_exit_task;
162 static struct task_struct *preempt_task;
163 
164 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
165 
166 // Mailbox-like structure to check RCU global memory ordering.
167 struct rcu_torture_reader_check {
168 	unsigned long rtc_myloops;
169 	int rtc_chkrdr;
170 	unsigned long rtc_chkloops;
171 	int rtc_ready;
172 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtc_assigner;
173 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
174 
175 // Update-side data structure used to check RCU readers.
176 struct rcu_torture {
177 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
178 	int rtort_pipe_count;
179 	struct list_head rtort_free;
180 	int rtort_mbtest;
181 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtort_chkp;
182 };
183 
184 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
185 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
186 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
187 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
188 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
189 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
190 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
191 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
192 static struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rcu_torture_reader_mbchk;
193 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
194 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
195 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
196 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
197 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail;
198 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries;
199 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
200 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
201 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
202 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
203 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
204 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
205 static long n_barrier_attempts;
206 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
207 static unsigned long n_read_exits;
208 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
209 static unsigned long shutdown_jiffies;
210 static unsigned long start_gp_seq;
211 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_offload;
212 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_deoffload;
213 
214 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
215 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
216 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
217 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
218 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
219 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
220 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
221 #define RTWS_COND_GET_FULL	6
222 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP	7
223 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL	8
224 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		9
225 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL	10
226 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP	11
227 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL	12
228 #define RTWS_POLL_GET		13
229 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL	14
230 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP	15
231 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL	16
232 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT		17
233 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL	18
234 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP	19
235 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL	20
236 #define RTWS_SYNC		21
237 #define RTWS_STUTTER		22
238 #define RTWS_STOPPING		23
239 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
240 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
241 	"RTWS_DELAY",
242 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
243 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
244 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
245 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
246 	"RTWS_COND_GET_FULL",
247 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP",
248 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL",
249 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
250 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL",
251 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP",
252 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL",
253 	"RTWS_POLL_GET",
254 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL",
255 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP",
256 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL",
257 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT",
258 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL",
259 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP",
260 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL",
261 	"RTWS_SYNC",
262 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
263 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
264 };
265 
266 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
267 struct rt_read_seg {
268 	int rt_readstate;
269 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
270 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
271 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
272 	bool rt_preempted;
273 	int rt_cpu;
274 	int rt_end_cpu;
275 };
276 static int err_segs_recorded;
277 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
278 static int rt_read_nsegs;
279 static int rt_read_preempted;
280 
281 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
282 {
283 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
284 
285 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
286 		return "???";
287 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
288 }
289 
290 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
291 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
292 {
293 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
294 
295 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
296 	return ts;
297 }
298 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
299 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
300 {
301 	return 0ULL;
302 }
303 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
304 
305 /*
306  * Stop aggressive CPU-hog tests a bit before the end of the test in order
307  * to avoid interfering with test shutdown.
308  */
309 static bool shutdown_time_arrived(void)
310 {
311 	return shutdown_secs && time_after(jiffies, shutdown_jiffies - 30 * HZ);
312 }
313 
314 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
315 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
316 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
317 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
318 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
319 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
320 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
321 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
322 
323 static atomic_t rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;	/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
324 
325 /*
326  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
327  */
328 static struct rcu_torture *
329 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
330 {
331 	struct list_head *p;
332 
333 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
334 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
335 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
336 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
337 		return NULL;
338 	}
339 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
340 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
341 	list_del_init(p);
342 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
343 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
344 }
345 
346 /*
347  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
348  */
349 static void
350 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
351 {
352 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
353 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
354 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
355 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
356 }
357 
358 /*
359  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
360  */
361 
362 struct rcu_torture_ops {
363 	int ttype;
364 	void (*init)(void);
365 	void (*cleanup)(void);
366 	int (*readlock)(void);
367 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
368 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
369 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
370 	int (*readlock_held)(void);   // lockdep.
371 	int (*readlock_nesting)(void); // actual nesting, if available, -1 if not.
372 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
373 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
374 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
375 	void (*sync)(void);
376 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
377 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state_exp)(void);
378 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll_exp)(void);
379 	void (*start_gp_poll_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
380 	bool (*poll_gp_state_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
381 	void (*cond_sync_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
382 	void (*cond_sync_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
383 	unsigned long (*get_comp_state)(void);
384 	void (*get_comp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
385 	bool (*same_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate1, unsigned long oldstate2);
386 	bool (*same_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp1, struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp2);
387 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state)(void);
388 	void (*get_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
389 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll)(void);
390 	void (*start_gp_poll_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
391 	bool (*poll_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate);
392 	bool (*poll_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
393 	bool (*poll_need_2gp)(bool poll, bool poll_full);
394 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
395 	void (*cond_sync_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
396 	int poll_active;
397 	int poll_active_full;
398 	call_rcu_func_t call;
399 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
400 	void (*fqs)(void);
401 	void (*stats)(void);
402 	void (*gp_kthread_dbg)(void);
403 	bool (*check_boost_failed)(unsigned long gp_state, int *cpup);
404 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
405 	void (*get_gp_data)(int *flags, unsigned long *gp_seq);
406 	void (*gp_slow_register)(atomic_t *rgssp);
407 	void (*gp_slow_unregister)(atomic_t *rgssp);
408 	bool (*reader_blocked)(void);
409 	long cbflood_max;
410 	int irq_capable;
411 	int can_boost;
412 	int extendables;
413 	int slow_gps;
414 	int no_pi_lock;
415 	int debug_objects;
416 	int start_poll_irqsoff;
417 	const char *name;
418 };
419 
420 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
421 
422 /*
423  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
424  */
425 
426 static int torture_readlock_not_held(void)
427 {
428 	return rcu_read_lock_bh_held() || rcu_read_lock_sched_held();
429 }
430 
431 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void)
432 {
433 	rcu_read_lock();
434 	return 0;
435 }
436 
437 static void
438 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
439 {
440 	unsigned long started;
441 	unsigned long completed;
442 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
443 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
444 	unsigned long long ts;
445 
446 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
447 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
448 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
449 
450 	if (!atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
451 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
452 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
453 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
454 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
455 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
456 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
457 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
458 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
459 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
460 					  started, completed);
461 	}
462 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
463 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
464 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
465 	}
466 	if (!preempt_count() &&
467 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500)))
468 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
469 }
470 
471 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
472 {
473 	rcu_read_unlock();
474 }
475 
476 static int rcu_torture_readlock_nesting(void)
477 {
478 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU))
479 		return rcu_preempt_depth();
480 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_COUNT))
481 		return (preempt_count() & PREEMPT_MASK);
482 	return -1;
483 }
484 
485 /*
486  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
487  */
488 static bool
489 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
490 {
491 	int i;
492 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp);
493 
494 	if (rtrcp) {
495 		WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp, NULL);
496 		smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_ready, 1); // Pair with smp_load_acquire().
497 	}
498 	i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
499 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
500 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
501 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
502 	WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count, i + 1);
503 	ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
504 	if (i + 1 >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
505 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
506 		return true;
507 	}
508 	return false;
509 }
510 
511 /*
512  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
513  * primitives.
514  */
515 static void
516 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
517 {
518 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
519 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
520 
521 	if (old_rp)
522 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
523 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
524 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
525 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
526 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
527 		}
528 	}
529 }
530 
531 static void
532 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
533 {
534 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
535 
536 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
537 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
538 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
539 		return;
540 	}
541 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
542 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
543 	else
544 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
545 }
546 
547 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
548 {
549 	return 0;
550 }
551 
552 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
553 {
554 	call_rcu_hurry(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
555 }
556 
557 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
558 {
559 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
560 }
561 
562 static bool rcu_poll_need_2gp(bool poll, bool poll_full)
563 {
564 	return poll;
565 }
566 
567 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
568 	.ttype			= RCU_FLAVOR,
569 	.init			= rcu_sync_torture_init,
570 	.readlock		= rcu_torture_read_lock,
571 	.read_delay		= rcu_read_delay,
572 	.readunlock		= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
573 	.readlock_held		= torture_readlock_not_held,
574 	.readlock_nesting	= rcu_torture_readlock_nesting,
575 	.get_gp_seq		= rcu_get_gp_seq,
576 	.gp_diff		= rcu_seq_diff,
577 	.deferred_free		= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
578 	.sync			= synchronize_rcu,
579 	.exp_sync		= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
580 	.same_gp_state		= same_state_synchronize_rcu,
581 	.same_gp_state_full	= same_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
582 	.get_comp_state		= get_completed_synchronize_rcu,
583 	.get_comp_state_full	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full,
584 	.get_gp_state		= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
585 	.get_gp_state_full	= get_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
586 	.start_gp_poll		= start_poll_synchronize_rcu,
587 	.start_gp_poll_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full,
588 	.poll_gp_state		= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
589 	.poll_gp_state_full	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
590 	.poll_need_2gp		= rcu_poll_need_2gp,
591 	.cond_sync		= cond_synchronize_rcu,
592 	.cond_sync_full		= cond_synchronize_rcu_full,
593 	.poll_active		= NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_OLDSTATE,
594 	.poll_active_full	= NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_FULL_OLDSTATE,
595 	.get_gp_state_exp	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
596 	.start_gp_poll_exp	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
597 	.start_gp_poll_exp_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full,
598 	.poll_gp_state_exp	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
599 	.cond_sync_exp		= cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
600 	.cond_sync_exp_full	= cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full,
601 	.call			= call_rcu_hurry,
602 	.cb_barrier		= rcu_barrier,
603 	.fqs			= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
604 	.gp_kthread_dbg		= show_rcu_gp_kthreads,
605 	.check_boost_failed	= rcu_check_boost_fail,
606 	.stall_dur		= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
607 	.get_gp_data		= rcutorture_get_gp_data,
608 	.gp_slow_register	= rcu_gp_slow_register,
609 	.gp_slow_unregister	= rcu_gp_slow_unregister,
610 	.reader_blocked		= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_LOG_CPU)
611 				  ? has_rcu_reader_blocked
612 				  : NULL,
613 	.irq_capable		= 1,
614 	.can_boost		= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST),
615 	.extendables		= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
616 	.debug_objects		= 1,
617 	.start_poll_irqsoff	= 1,
618 	.name			= "rcu"
619 };
620 
621 /*
622  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
623  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
624  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
625  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
626  * buggy-RCU error messages.
627  */
628 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
629 {
630 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
631 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
632 }
633 
634 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
635 {
636 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
637 }
638 
639 static void
640 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
641 {
642 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
643 	func(head);
644 }
645 
646 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
647 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
648 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
649 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
650 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
651 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
652 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
653 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
654 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
655 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
656 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
657 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
658 	.irq_capable	= 1,
659 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
660 	.name		= "busted"
661 };
662 
663 /*
664  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
665  */
666 
667 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
668 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
669 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
670 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops;
671 
672 static void srcu_get_gp_data(int *flags, unsigned long *gp_seq)
673 {
674 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(srcu_ctlp, flags, gp_seq);
675 }
676 
677 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void)
678 {
679 	int idx;
680 	int ret = 0;
681 
682 	if ((reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL) || !(reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_ALL)) {
683 		idx = srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
684 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idx & ~0x1);
685 		ret += idx;
686 	}
687 	if (reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NMI) {
688 		idx = srcu_read_lock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp);
689 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idx & ~0x1);
690 		ret += idx << 1;
691 	}
692 	if (reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_LITE) {
693 		idx = srcu_read_lock_lite(srcu_ctlp);
694 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idx & ~0x1);
695 		ret += idx << 2;
696 	}
697 	return ret;
698 }
699 
700 static void
701 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
702 {
703 	long delay;
704 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
705 	const long longdelay = 10;
706 
707 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
708 
709 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
710 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
711 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
712 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
713 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
714 	} else {
715 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
716 	}
717 }
718 
719 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
720 {
721 	WARN_ON_ONCE((reader_flavor && (idx & ~reader_flavor)) || (!reader_flavor && (idx & ~0x1)));
722 	if (reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_LITE)
723 		srcu_read_unlock_lite(srcu_ctlp, (idx & 0x4) >> 2);
724 	if (reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NMI)
725 		srcu_read_unlock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp, (idx & 0x2) >> 1);
726 	if ((reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_NORMAL) || !(reader_flavor & SRCU_READ_FLAVOR_ALL))
727 		srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx & 0x1);
728 }
729 
730 static int torture_srcu_read_lock_held(void)
731 {
732 	return srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp);
733 }
734 
735 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
736 {
737 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
738 }
739 
740 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
741 {
742 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
743 }
744 
745 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
746 {
747 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
748 }
749 
750 static unsigned long srcu_torture_get_gp_state(void)
751 {
752 	return get_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
753 }
754 
755 static unsigned long srcu_torture_start_gp_poll(void)
756 {
757 	return start_poll_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
758 }
759 
760 static bool srcu_torture_poll_gp_state(unsigned long oldstate)
761 {
762 	return poll_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp, oldstate);
763 }
764 
765 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
766 			      rcu_callback_t func)
767 {
768 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
769 }
770 
771 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
772 {
773 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
774 }
775 
776 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
777 {
778 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
779 }
780 
781 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
782 {
783 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
784 }
785 
786 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
787 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
788 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
789 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
790 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
791 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
792 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
793 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
794 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
795 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
796 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
797 	.same_gp_state	= same_state_synchronize_srcu,
798 	.get_comp_state = get_completed_synchronize_srcu,
799 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
800 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
801 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
802 	.poll_active	= NUM_ACTIVE_SRCU_POLL_OLDSTATE,
803 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
804 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
805 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
806 	.get_gp_data	= srcu_get_gp_data,
807 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
808 	.irq_capable	= 1,
809 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
810 	.debug_objects	= 1,
811 	.name		= "srcu"
812 };
813 
814 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
815 {
816 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
817 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
818 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
819 }
820 
821 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
822 {
823 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
824 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
825 }
826 
827 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
828 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
829 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
830 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
831 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
832 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
833 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
834 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
835 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
836 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
837 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
838 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
839 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
840 	.same_gp_state	= same_state_synchronize_srcu,
841 	.get_comp_state = get_completed_synchronize_srcu,
842 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
843 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
844 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
845 	.poll_active	= NUM_ACTIVE_SRCU_POLL_OLDSTATE,
846 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
847 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
848 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
849 	.get_gp_data	= srcu_get_gp_data,
850 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
851 	.irq_capable	= 1,
852 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
853 	.debug_objects	= 1,
854 	.name		= "srcud"
855 };
856 
857 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
858 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
859 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
860 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
861 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
862 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
863 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
864 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
865 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
866 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
867 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
868 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
869 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
870 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
871 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
872 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
873 	.irq_capable	= 1,
874 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
875 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
876 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
877 };
878 
879 /*
880  * Definitions for trivial CONFIG_PREEMPT=n-only torture testing.
881  * This implementation does not necessarily work well with CPU hotplug.
882  */
883 
884 static void synchronize_rcu_trivial(void)
885 {
886 	int cpu;
887 
888 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
889 		torture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu), true);
890 		WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu);
891 	}
892 }
893 
894 static int rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial(void)
895 {
896 	preempt_disable();
897 	return 0;
898 }
899 
900 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial(int idx)
901 {
902 	preempt_enable();
903 }
904 
905 static struct rcu_torture_ops trivial_ops = {
906 	.ttype		= RCU_TRIVIAL_FLAVOR,
907 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
908 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
909 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
910 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
911 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
912 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
913 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
914 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
915 	.irq_capable	= 1,
916 	.name		= "trivial"
917 };
918 
919 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
920 
921 /*
922  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
923  */
924 
925 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
926 {
927 	return 0;
928 }
929 
930 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
931 {
932 }
933 
934 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
935 {
936 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
937 }
938 
939 static void synchronize_rcu_mult_test(void)
940 {
941 	synchronize_rcu_mult(call_rcu_tasks, call_rcu_hurry);
942 }
943 
944 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
945 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
946 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
947 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
948 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
949 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
950 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
951 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
952 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
953 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_mult_test,
954 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
955 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
956 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_classic_gp_kthread,
957 	.get_gp_data	= rcu_tasks_get_gp_data,
958 	.irq_capable	= 1,
959 	.slow_gps	= 1,
960 	.name		= "tasks"
961 };
962 
963 #define TASKS_OPS &tasks_ops,
964 
965 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
966 
967 #define TASKS_OPS
968 
969 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
970 
971 
972 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
973 
974 /*
975  * Definitions for rude RCU-tasks torture testing.
976  */
977 
978 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_rude_ops = {
979 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_RUDE_FLAVOR,
980 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
981 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
982 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
983 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
984 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
985 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
986 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
987 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_rude_gp_kthread,
988 	.get_gp_data	= rcu_tasks_rude_get_gp_data,
989 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
990 	.irq_capable	= 1,
991 	.name		= "tasks-rude"
992 };
993 
994 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS &tasks_rude_ops,
995 
996 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
997 
998 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS
999 
1000 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
1001 
1002 
1003 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
1004 
1005 /*
1006  * Definitions for tracing RCU-tasks torture testing.
1007  */
1008 
1009 static int tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock(void)
1010 {
1011 	rcu_read_lock_trace();
1012 	return 0;
1013 }
1014 
1015 static void tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
1016 {
1017 	rcu_read_unlock_trace();
1018 }
1019 
1020 static void rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
1021 {
1022 	call_rcu_tasks_trace(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
1023 }
1024 
1025 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_tracing_ops = {
1026 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_TRACING_FLAVOR,
1027 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
1028 	.readlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock,
1029 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse srcu's version. */
1030 	.readunlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock,
1031 	.readlock_held	= rcu_read_lock_trace_held,
1032 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
1033 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free,
1034 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
1035 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
1036 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_trace,
1037 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_trace,
1038 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread,
1039 	.get_gp_data    = rcu_tasks_trace_get_gp_data,
1040 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
1041 	.irq_capable	= 1,
1042 	.slow_gps	= 1,
1043 	.name		= "tasks-tracing"
1044 };
1045 
1046 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS &tasks_tracing_ops,
1047 
1048 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
1049 
1050 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS
1051 
1052 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
1053 
1054 
1055 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
1056 {
1057 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
1058 		return new - old;
1059 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
1060 }
1061 
1062 /*
1063  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
1064  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly starting grace periods and waiting
1065  * for them to complete.  If a given grace period takes too long, we assume
1066  * that priority inversion has occurred.
1067  */
1068 
1069 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
1070 
1071 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
1072 {
1073 	/*
1074 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
1075 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
1076 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
1077 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
1078 	 */
1079 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
1080 		return;
1081 
1082 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
1083 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
1084 }
1085 
1086 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
1087 {
1088 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
1089 		return;
1090 
1091 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
1092 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
1093 }
1094 
1095 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long gp_state, unsigned long *start)
1096 {
1097 	int cpu;
1098 	static int dbg_done;
1099 	unsigned long end = jiffies;
1100 	bool gp_done;
1101 	unsigned long j;
1102 	static unsigned long last_persist;
1103 	unsigned long lp;
1104 	unsigned long mininterval = test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2;
1105 
1106 	if (end - *start > mininterval) {
1107 		// Recheck after checking time to avoid false positives.
1108 		smp_mb(); // Time check before grace-period check.
1109 		if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1110 			return false; // passed, though perhaps just barely
1111 		if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, &cpu)) {
1112 			// At most one persisted message per boost test.
1113 			j = jiffies;
1114 			lp = READ_ONCE(last_persist);
1115 			if (time_after(j, lp + mininterval) &&
1116 			    cmpxchg(&last_persist, lp, j) == lp) {
1117 				if (cpu < 0)
1118 					pr_info("Boost inversion persisted: QS from all CPUs\n");
1119 				else
1120 					pr_info("Boost inversion persisted: No QS from CPU %d\n", cpu);
1121 			}
1122 			return false; // passed on a technicality
1123 		}
1124 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
1125 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
1126 		if (!xchg(&dbg_done, 1) && cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg) {
1127 			pr_info("Boost inversion thread ->rt_priority %u gp_state %lu jiffies %lu\n",
1128 				current->rt_priority, gp_state, end - *start);
1129 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1130 			// Recheck after print to flag grace period ending during splat.
1131 			gp_done = cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state);
1132 			pr_info("Boost inversion: GP %lu %s.\n", gp_state,
1133 				gp_done ? "ended already" : "still pending");
1134 
1135 		}
1136 
1137 		return true; // failed
1138 	} else if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, NULL)) {
1139 		*start = jiffies;
1140 	}
1141 
1142 	return false; // passed
1143 }
1144 
1145 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
1146 {
1147 	unsigned long endtime;
1148 	unsigned long gp_state;
1149 	unsigned long gp_state_time;
1150 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
1151 
1152 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
1153 
1154 	/* Set real-time priority. */
1155 	sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1156 
1157 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
1158 	do {
1159 		bool failed = false; // Test failed already in this test interval
1160 		bool gp_initiated = false;
1161 
1162 		if (kthread_should_stop())
1163 			goto checkwait;
1164 
1165 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
1166 		oldstarttime = READ_ONCE(boost_starttime);
1167 		while (time_before(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
1168 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
1169 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1170 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1171 			if (torture_must_stop())
1172 				goto checkwait;
1173 		}
1174 
1175 		// Do one boost-test interval.
1176 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
1177 		while (time_before(jiffies, endtime)) {
1178 			// Has current GP gone too long?
1179 			if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1180 				failed = rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1181 			// If we don't have a grace period in flight, start one.
1182 			if (!gp_initiated || cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state)) {
1183 				gp_state = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1184 				gp_initiated = true;
1185 				gp_state_time = jiffies;
1186 			}
1187 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost")) {
1188 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1189 				// If the grace period already ended,
1190 				// we don't know when that happened, so
1191 				// start over.
1192 				if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1193 					gp_initiated = false;
1194 			}
1195 			if (torture_must_stop())
1196 				goto checkwait;
1197 		}
1198 
1199 		// In case the grace period extended beyond the end of the loop.
1200 		if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1201 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1202 
1203 		/*
1204 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
1205 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
1206 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
1207 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
1208 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
1209 		 */
1210 		while (oldstarttime == READ_ONCE(boost_starttime) && !kthread_should_stop()) {
1211 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
1212 				if (oldstarttime == boost_starttime) {
1213 					WRITE_ONCE(boost_starttime,
1214 						   jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ);
1215 					n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
1216 				}
1217 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1218 				break;
1219 			}
1220 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1221 		}
1222 
1223 		/* Go do the stutter. */
1224 checkwait:	if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1225 			sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1226 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1227 
1228 	/* Clean up and exit. */
1229 	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1230 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
1231 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1232 	}
1233 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
1234 	return 0;
1235 }
1236 
1237 /*
1238  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
1239  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
1240  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
1241  */
1242 static int
1243 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
1244 {
1245 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
1246 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
1247 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1248 
1249 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
1250 	do {
1251 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
1252 		while (time_before(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
1253 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1254 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
1255 		}
1256 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
1257 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
1258 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1259 			cur_ops->fqs();
1260 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
1261 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
1262 		}
1263 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs"))
1264 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1265 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1266 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
1267 	return 0;
1268 }
1269 
1270 // Used by writers to randomly choose from the available grace-period primitives.
1271 static int synctype[ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names)] = { };
1272 static int nsynctypes;
1273 
1274 /*
1275  * Determine which grace-period primitives are available.
1276  */
1277 static void rcu_torture_write_types(void)
1278 {
1279 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_cond_exp1 = gp_cond_exp, gp_cond_full1 = gp_cond_full;
1280 	bool gp_cond_exp_full1 = gp_cond_exp_full, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_poll_exp1 = gp_poll_exp;
1281 	bool gp_poll_exp_full1 = gp_poll_exp_full, gp_normal1 = gp_normal, gp_poll1 = gp_poll;
1282 	bool gp_poll_full1 = gp_poll_full, gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
1283 
1284 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
1285 	if (!gp_cond1 &&
1286 	    !gp_cond_exp1 &&
1287 	    !gp_cond_full1 &&
1288 	    !gp_cond_exp_full1 &&
1289 	    !gp_exp1 &&
1290 	    !gp_poll_exp1 &&
1291 	    !gp_poll_exp_full1 &&
1292 	    !gp_normal1 &&
1293 	    !gp_poll1 &&
1294 	    !gp_poll_full1 &&
1295 	    !gp_sync1) {
1296 		gp_cond1 = true;
1297 		gp_cond_exp1 = true;
1298 		gp_cond_full1 = true;
1299 		gp_cond_exp_full1 = true;
1300 		gp_exp1 = true;
1301 		gp_poll_exp1 = true;
1302 		gp_poll_exp_full1 = true;
1303 		gp_normal1 = true;
1304 		gp_poll1 = true;
1305 		gp_poll_full1 = true;
1306 		gp_sync1 = true;
1307 	}
1308 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
1309 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
1310 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
1311 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
1312 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
1313 	}
1314 	if (gp_cond_exp1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp) {
1315 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1316 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1317 	} else if (gp_cond_exp && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp)) {
1318 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1319 	}
1320 	if (gp_cond_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync_full) {
1321 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1322 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1323 	} else if (gp_cond_full && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync_full)) {
1324 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1325 	}
1326 	if (gp_cond_exp_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full) {
1327 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1328 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1329 	} else if (gp_cond_exp_full &&
1330 		   (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full)) {
1331 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1332 	}
1333 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1334 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1335 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1336 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1337 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1338 	}
1339 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1340 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1341 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
1342 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1343 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
1344 	}
1345 	if (gp_poll1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state && cur_ops->same_gp_state &&
1346 	    cur_ops->start_gp_poll && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1347 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1348 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling GPs.\n", __func__);
1349 	} else if (gp_poll && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)) {
1350 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll without primitives.\n", __func__);
1351 	}
1352 	if (gp_poll_full1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state_full && cur_ops->same_gp_state_full
1353 	    && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1354 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1355 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1356 	} else if (gp_poll_full && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1357 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1358 	}
1359 	if (gp_poll_exp1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp) {
1360 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1361 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1362 	} else if (gp_poll_exp && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp)) {
1363 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1364 	}
1365 	if (gp_poll_exp_full1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1366 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1367 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1368 	} else if (gp_poll_exp_full &&
1369 		   (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1370 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1371 	}
1372 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
1373 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
1374 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
1375 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
1376 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
1377 	}
1378 	pr_alert("%s: Testing %d update types.\n", __func__, nsynctypes);
1379 	pr_info("%s: gp_cond_wi %d gp_cond_wi_exp %d gp_poll_wi %d gp_poll_wi_exp %d\n", __func__, gp_cond_wi, gp_cond_wi_exp, gp_poll_wi, gp_poll_wi_exp);
1380 }
1381 
1382 /*
1383  * Do the specified rcu_torture_writer() synchronous grace period,
1384  * while also testing out the polled APIs.  Note well that the single-CPU
1385  * grace-period optimizations must be accounted for.
1386  */
1387 static void do_rtws_sync(struct torture_random_state *trsp, void (*sync)(void))
1388 {
1389 	unsigned long cookie;
1390 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1391 	bool dopoll;
1392 	bool dopoll_full;
1393 	unsigned long r = torture_random(trsp);
1394 
1395 	dopoll = cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state && !(r & 0x300);
1396 	dopoll_full = cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full && !(r & 0xc00);
1397 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1398 		cpus_read_lock();
1399 	if (dopoll)
1400 		cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1401 	if (dopoll_full)
1402 		cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1403 	if (cur_ops->poll_need_2gp && cur_ops->poll_need_2gp(dopoll, dopoll_full))
1404 		sync();
1405 	sync();
1406 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1407 		  "%s: Cookie check 3 failed %pS() online %*pbl.",
1408 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1409 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll_full && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1410 		  "%s: Cookie check 4 failed %pS() online %*pbl",
1411 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1412 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1413 		cpus_read_unlock();
1414 }
1415 
1416 /*
1417  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
1418  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
1419  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
1420  */
1421 static int
1422 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
1423 {
1424 	bool boot_ended;
1425 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1426 	unsigned long cookie;
1427 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1428 	int expediting = 0;
1429 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1430 	unsigned long gp_snap1;
1431 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1432 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap1_full;
1433 	int i;
1434 	int idx;
1435 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1436 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgo = NULL;
1437 	int rgo_size = 0;
1438 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
1439 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
1440 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1441 	unsigned long stallsdone = jiffies;
1442 	bool stutter_waited;
1443 	unsigned long *ulo = NULL;
1444 	int ulo_size = 0;
1445 
1446 	// If a new stall test is added, this must be adjusted.
1447 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff + stall_gp_kthread + stall_cpu)
1448 		stallsdone += (stall_cpu_holdoff + stall_gp_kthread + stall_cpu + 60) *
1449 			      HZ * (stall_cpu_repeat + 1);
1450 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
1451 	if (!can_expedite)
1452 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1453 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
1454 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1455 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1456 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1457 		/*
1458 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1459 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1460 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1461 		 */
1462 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1463 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1464 		return 0;
1465 	}
1466 	if (cur_ops->poll_active > 0) {
1467 		ulo = kzalloc(cur_ops->poll_active * sizeof(ulo[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
1468 		if (!WARN_ON(!ulo))
1469 			ulo_size = cur_ops->poll_active;
1470 	}
1471 	if (cur_ops->poll_active_full > 0) {
1472 		rgo = kzalloc(cur_ops->poll_active_full * sizeof(rgo[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
1473 		if (!WARN_ON(!rgo))
1474 			rgo_size = cur_ops->poll_active_full;
1475 	}
1476 
1477 	do {
1478 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
1479 		torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
1480 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
1481 		if (rp == NULL)
1482 			continue;
1483 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
1484 		ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
1485 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1486 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1487 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1488 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1489 					       current == writer_task);
1490 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1491 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1492 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1493 		if (old_rp) {
1494 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1495 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1496 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1497 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1498 			WRITE_ONCE(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count,
1499 				   old_rp->rtort_pipe_count + 1);
1500 			ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count);
1501 
1502 			// Make sure readers block polled grace periods.
1503 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1504 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1505 				cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1506 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1507 					  "%s: Cookie check 1 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
1508 					  __func__,
1509 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1510 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1511 					  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
1512 				if (cur_ops->get_comp_state) {
1513 					cookie = cur_ops->get_comp_state();
1514 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie));
1515 				}
1516 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1517 			}
1518 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1519 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1520 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1521 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1522 					  "%s: Cookie check 5 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
1523 					  __func__,
1524 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1525 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1526 					  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1527 				if (cur_ops->get_comp_state_full) {
1528 					cur_ops->get_comp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1529 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full));
1530 				}
1531 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1532 			}
1533 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1534 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1535 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1536 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1537 				break;
1538 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1539 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1540 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->exp_sync);
1541 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1542 				break;
1543 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1544 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1545 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1546 				torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_cond_wi,
1547 						     1000, &rand);
1548 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1549 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1550 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1551 				break;
1552 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1553 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1554 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1555 				torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_cond_wi_exp,
1556 						     1000, &rand);
1557 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP;
1558 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1559 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1560 				break;
1561 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1562 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1563 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1564 				torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_cond_wi,
1565 						     1000, &rand);
1566 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL;
1567 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1568 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1569 				break;
1570 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1571 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1572 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1573 				torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_cond_wi_exp,
1574 						     1000, &rand);
1575 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL;
1576 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1577 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1578 				break;
1579 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1580 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1581 				for (i = 0; i < ulo_size; i++)
1582 					ulo[i] = cur_ops->get_comp_state();
1583 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1584 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT;
1585 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1586 					gp_snap1 = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1587 					for (i = 0; i < ulo_size; i++)
1588 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(ulo[i]) ||
1589 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state(ulo[i], gp_snap1)) {
1590 							ulo[i] = gp_snap1;
1591 							break;
1592 						}
1593 					WARN_ON_ONCE(ulo_size > 0 && i >= ulo_size);
1594 					torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_poll_wi,
1595 							     1000, &rand);
1596 				}
1597 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1598 				break;
1599 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1600 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1601 				for (i = 0; i < rgo_size; i++)
1602 					cur_ops->get_comp_state_full(&rgo[i]);
1603 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1604 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL;
1605 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1606 					cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap1_full);
1607 					for (i = 0; i < rgo_size; i++)
1608 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&rgo[i]) ||
1609 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state_full(&rgo[i],
1610 										&gp_snap1_full)) {
1611 							rgo[i] = gp_snap1_full;
1612 							break;
1613 						}
1614 					WARN_ON_ONCE(rgo_size > 0 && i >= rgo_size);
1615 					torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_poll_wi,
1616 							     1000, &rand);
1617 				}
1618 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1619 				break;
1620 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1621 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1622 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1623 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP;
1624 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap))
1625 					torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_poll_wi_exp,
1626 							     1000, &rand);
1627 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1628 				break;
1629 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1630 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1631 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1632 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL;
1633 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full))
1634 					torture_hrtimeout_us(torture_random(&rand) % gp_poll_wi_exp,
1635 							     1000, &rand);
1636 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1637 				break;
1638 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1639 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1640 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->sync);
1641 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1642 				break;
1643 			default:
1644 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1645 				break;
1646 			}
1647 		}
1648 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1649 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1650 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1651 		if (can_expedite &&
1652 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1653 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1654 			if (expediting >= 0)
1655 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1656 			else
1657 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1658 			if (++expediting > 3)
1659 				expediting = -expediting;
1660 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1661 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1662 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1663 		}
1664 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1665 		boot_ended = rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended();
1666 		stutter_waited = stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
1667 		if (stutter_waited &&
1668 		    !atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
1669 		    !cur_ops->slow_gps &&
1670 		    !torture_must_stop() &&
1671 		    boot_ended &&
1672 		    time_after(jiffies, stallsdone))
1673 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1674 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free) &&
1675 				    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) != &rcu_tortures[i]) {
1676 					tracing_off();
1677 					if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
1678 						cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1679 					WARN(1, "%s: rtort_pipe_count: %d\n", __func__, rcu_tortures[i].rtort_pipe_count);
1680 					rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1681 				}
1682 		if (stutter_waited)
1683 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1684 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1685 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;  // Let stats task know that we are done.
1686 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1687 	if (expediting > 0)
1688 		expediting = -expediting;
1689 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1690 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1691 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1692 	if (!can_expedite)
1693 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1694 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1695 			 torture_type);
1696 	kfree(ulo);
1697 	kfree(rgo);
1698 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1699 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1700 	return 0;
1701 }
1702 
1703 /*
1704  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1705  * delay between calls.
1706  */
1707 static int
1708 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1709 {
1710 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1711 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1712 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1713 
1714 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1715 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1716 
1717 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1718 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1719 		/*
1720 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1721 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1722 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1723 		 */
1724 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1725 		return 0;
1726 	}
1727 
1728 	do {
1729 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 10, &rand);
1730 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1731 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1732 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1733 		} else {
1734 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1735 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1736 				break;
1737 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1738 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1739 				break;
1740 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1741 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1742 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1743 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1744 				break;
1745 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1746 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1747 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1748 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1749 				break;
1750 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1751 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1752 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1753 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1754 				break;
1755 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1756 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1757 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1758 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1759 				break;
1760 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1761 				if (cur_ops->start_poll_irqsoff)
1762 					local_irq_disable();
1763 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1764 				if (cur_ops->start_poll_irqsoff)
1765 					local_irq_enable();
1766 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1767 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1768 								  &rand);
1769 				}
1770 				break;
1771 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1772 				if (cur_ops->start_poll_irqsoff)
1773 					local_irq_disable();
1774 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1775 				if (cur_ops->start_poll_irqsoff)
1776 					local_irq_enable();
1777 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1778 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1779 								  &rand);
1780 				}
1781 				break;
1782 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1783 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1784 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap)) {
1785 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1786 								  &rand);
1787 				}
1788 				break;
1789 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1790 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1791 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1792 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1793 								  &rand);
1794 				}
1795 				break;
1796 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1797 				cur_ops->sync();
1798 				break;
1799 			default:
1800 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1801 				break;
1802 			}
1803 		}
1804 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1805 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1806 
1807 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1808 	return 0;
1809 }
1810 
1811 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1812 {
1813 	kfree(rhp);
1814 }
1815 
1816 // Set up and carry out testing of RCU's global memory ordering
1817 static void rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(long myid, struct rcu_torture *rtp,
1818 					struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1819 {
1820 	unsigned long loops;
1821 	int noc = torture_num_online_cpus();
1822 	int rdrchked;
1823 	int rdrchker;
1824 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp; // Me.
1825 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_assigner; // Assigned us to do checking.
1826 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chked; // Reader being checked.
1827 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chker; // Reader doing checking when not me.
1828 
1829 	if (myid < 0)
1830 		return; // Don't try this from timer handlers.
1831 
1832 	// Increment my counter.
1833 	rtrcp = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[myid];
1834 	WRITE_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_myloops, rtrcp->rtc_myloops + 1);
1835 
1836 	// Attempt to assign someone else some checking work.
1837 	rdrchked = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1838 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1839 	rdrchker = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1840 	rtrcp_chker = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchker];
1841 	if (rdrchked != myid && rdrchked != rdrchker && noc >= rdrchked && noc >= rdrchker &&
1842 	    smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr) < 0 && // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1843 	    !READ_ONCE(rtp->rtort_chkp) &&
1844 	    !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner)) { // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1845 		rtrcp->rtc_chkloops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1846 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr >= 0);
1847 		rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr = rdrchked;
1848 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_ready); // This gets set after the grace period ends.
1849 		if (cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, NULL, rtrcp) ||
1850 		    cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtp->rtort_chkp, NULL, rtrcp))
1851 			(void)cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, rtrcp, NULL); // Back out.
1852 	}
1853 
1854 	// If assigned some completed work, do it!
1855 	rtrcp_assigner = READ_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_assigner);
1856 	if (!rtrcp_assigner || !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready))
1857 		return; // No work or work not yet ready.
1858 	rdrchked = rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr;
1859 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(rdrchked < 0))
1860 		return;
1861 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1862 	loops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1863 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries);
1864 	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(loops, rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops))
1865 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail);
1866 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops = loops + ULONG_MAX / 2;
1867 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready = 0;
1868 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_assigner, NULL); // Someone else can assign us work.
1869 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr, -1); // Assigner can again assign.
1870 }
1871 
1872 // Verify the specified RCUTORTURE_RDR* state.
1873 #define ROEC_ARGS "%s %s: Current %#x  To add %#x  To remove %#x  preempt_count() %#x\n", __func__, s, curstate, new, old, preempt_count()
1874 static void rcutorture_one_extend_check(char *s, int curstate, int new, int old, bool insoftirq)
1875 {
1876 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_CHK_RDR_STATE))
1877 		return;
1878 
1879 	WARN_ONCE(!(curstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) && irqs_disabled(), ROEC_ARGS);
1880 	WARN_ONCE((curstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ) && !irqs_disabled(), ROEC_ARGS);
1881 
1882 	// If CONFIG_PREEMPT_COUNT=n, further checks are unreliable.
1883 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_COUNT))
1884 		return;
1885 
1886 	WARN_ONCE((curstate & (RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)) &&
1887 		  !(preempt_count() & SOFTIRQ_MASK), ROEC_ARGS);
1888 	WARN_ONCE((curstate & (RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)) &&
1889 		  !(preempt_count() & PREEMPT_MASK), ROEC_ARGS);
1890 	WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->readlock_nesting &&
1891 		  (curstate & (RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)) &&
1892 		  cur_ops->readlock_nesting() == 0, ROEC_ARGS);
1893 
1894 	// Timer handlers have all sorts of stuff disabled, so ignore
1895 	// unintended disabling.
1896 	if (insoftirq)
1897 		return;
1898 
1899 	WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->extendables &&
1900 		  !(curstate & (RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)) &&
1901 		  (preempt_count() & SOFTIRQ_MASK), ROEC_ARGS);
1902 	WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->extendables &&
1903 		  !(curstate & (RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)) &&
1904 		  (preempt_count() & PREEMPT_MASK), ROEC_ARGS);
1905 	WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->readlock_nesting &&
1906 		  !(curstate & (RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)) &&
1907 		  cur_ops->readlock_nesting() > 0, ROEC_ARGS);
1908 }
1909 
1910 /*
1911  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1912  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1913  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1914  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1915  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1916  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1917  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1918  */
1919 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate, bool insoftirq,
1920 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1921 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1922 {
1923 	bool first;
1924 	unsigned long flags;
1925 	int idxnew1 = -1;
1926 	int idxnew2 = -1;
1927 	int idxold1 = *readstate;
1928 	int idxold2 = idxold1;
1929 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1930 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1931 
1932 	first = idxold1 == 0;
1933 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 < 0);
1934 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_ALLBITS);
1935 	rcutorture_one_extend_check("before change", idxold1, statesnew, statesold, insoftirq);
1936 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1937 
1938 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1939 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1940 		local_bh_disable();
1941 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1942 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1943 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1944 		local_irq_disable();
1945 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1946 		preempt_disable();
1947 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1948 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1949 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
1950 		idxnew1 = (cur_ops->readlock() << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1;
1951 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)
1952 		idxnew2 = (cur_ops->readlock() << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2;
1953 
1954 	// Complain unless both the old and the new protection is in place.
1955 	rcutorture_one_extend_check("during change",
1956 				    idxold1 | statesnew, statesnew, statesold, insoftirq);
1957 
1958 	// Sample CPU under both sets of protections to reduce confusion.
1959 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_LOG_CPU)) {
1960 		int cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
1961 		rtrsp->rt_cpu = cpu;
1962 		if (!first) {
1963 			rtrsp[-1].rt_end_cpu = cpu;
1964 			if (cur_ops->reader_blocked)
1965 				rtrsp[-1].rt_preempted = cur_ops->reader_blocked();
1966 		}
1967 	}
1968 
1969 	/*
1970 	 * Next, remove old protection, in decreasing order of strength
1971 	 * to avoid unlock paths that aren't safe in the stronger
1972 	 * context. Namely: BH can not be enabled with disabled interrupts.
1973 	 * Additionally PREEMPT_RT requires that BH is enabled in preemptible
1974 	 * context.
1975 	 */
1976 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1977 		local_irq_enable();
1978 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1979 		preempt_enable();
1980 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1981 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1982 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1983 		local_bh_enable();
1984 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1985 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1986 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2) {
1987 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold2 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2) >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2);
1988 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 != -1);
1989 		idxold2 = 0;
1990 	}
1991 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) {
1992 		bool lockit;
1993 
1994 		lockit = !cur_ops->no_pi_lock && !statesnew && !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xffff);
1995 		if (lockit)
1996 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1997 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold1 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1) >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1);
1998 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 != -1);
1999 		idxold1 = 0;
2000 		if (lockit)
2001 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
2002 	}
2003 
2004 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
2005 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
2006 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
2007 
2008 	/* Update the reader state. */
2009 	if (idxnew1 == -1)
2010 		idxnew1 = idxold1 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1;
2011 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 < 0);
2012 	if (idxnew2 == -1)
2013 		idxnew2 = idxold2 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2;
2014 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 < 0);
2015 	*readstate = idxnew1 | idxnew2 | newstate;
2016 	WARN_ON_ONCE(*readstate < 0);
2017 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(*readstate & ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_ALLBITS))
2018 		pr_info("Unexpected readstate value of %#x\n", *readstate);
2019 	rcutorture_one_extend_check("after change", *readstate, statesnew, statesold, insoftirq);
2020 }
2021 
2022 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
2023 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
2024 {
2025 	int mask;
2026 
2027 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
2028 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
2029 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
2030 	return mask;
2031 }
2032 
2033 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
2034 static int
2035 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
2036 {
2037 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
2038 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp);
2039 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
2040 	unsigned long preempts = RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED;
2041 	unsigned long preempts_irq = preempts | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ;
2042 	unsigned long bhs = RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
2043 
2044 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1);  // Can't have reader idx bits.
2045 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
2046 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
2047 		mask = mask & randmask2;
2048 	else
2049 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
2050 
2051 	// Can't have nested RCU reader without outer RCU reader.
2052 	if (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) && (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)) {
2053 		if (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
2054 			mask &= ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
2055 		else
2056 			mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
2057 	}
2058 
2059 	/*
2060 	 * Can't enable bh w/irq disabled.
2061 	 */
2062 	if (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
2063 		mask |= oldmask & bhs;
2064 
2065 	/*
2066 	 * Ideally these sequences would be detected in debug builds
2067 	 * (regardless of RT), but until then don't stop testing
2068 	 * them on non-RT.
2069 	 */
2070 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT)) {
2071 		/* Can't modify BH in atomic context */
2072 		if (oldmask & preempts_irq)
2073 			mask &= ~bhs;
2074 		if ((oldmask | mask) & preempts_irq)
2075 			mask |= oldmask & bhs;
2076 	}
2077 
2078 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
2079 }
2080 
2081 /*
2082  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
2083  * critical section.
2084  */
2085 static struct rt_read_seg *
2086 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, bool insoftirq, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
2087 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
2088 {
2089 	int i;
2090 	int j;
2091 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
2092 
2093 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
2094 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
2095 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
2096 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
2097 	i = torture_random(trsp);
2098 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
2099 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
2100 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
2101 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, insoftirq, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
2102 	}
2103 	return &rtrsp[j];
2104 }
2105 
2106 /*
2107  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
2108  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
2109  * from a timer handler.
2110  */
2111 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp, long myid)
2112 {
2113 	bool checkpolling = !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xfff);
2114 	unsigned long cookie;
2115 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
2116 	int i;
2117 	unsigned long started;
2118 	unsigned long completed;
2119 	int newstate;
2120 	struct rcu_torture *p;
2121 	int pipe_count;
2122 	bool preempted = false;
2123 	int readstate = 0;
2124 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
2125 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
2126 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
2127 	unsigned long long ts;
2128 
2129 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_is_watching());
2130 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
2131 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, myid < 0, trsp, rtrsp++);
2132 	if (checkpolling) {
2133 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
2134 			cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
2135 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
2136 			cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
2137 	}
2138 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2139 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
2140 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
2141 				  !cur_ops->readlock_held || cur_ops->readlock_held());
2142 	if (p == NULL) {
2143 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
2144 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, myid < 0, trsp, rtrsp);
2145 		return false;
2146 	}
2147 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
2148 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
2149 	rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(myid, p, trsp);
2150 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, myid < 0, trsp, rtrsp);
2151 	preempt_disable();
2152 	pipe_count = READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count);
2153 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
2154 		// Should not happen in a correct RCU implementation,
2155 		// happens quite often for torture_type=busted.
2156 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
2157 	}
2158 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2159 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
2160 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
2161 					  ts, started, completed);
2162 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2163 	}
2164 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
2165 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
2166 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
2167 		/* Should not happen, but... */
2168 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
2169 	}
2170 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
2171 	preempt_enable();
2172 	if (checkpolling) {
2173 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
2174 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
2175 				  "%s: Cookie check 2 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
2176 				  __func__,
2177 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2178 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2179 				  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
2180 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
2181 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
2182 				  "%s: Cookie check 6 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
2183 				  __func__,
2184 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2185 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2186 				  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
2187 	}
2188 	if (cur_ops->reader_blocked)
2189 		preempted = cur_ops->reader_blocked();
2190 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, myid < 0, trsp, rtrsp);
2191 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate);
2192 	// This next splat is expected behavior if leakpointer, especially
2193 	// for CONFIG_RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD=y kernels.
2194 	WARN_ON_ONCE(leakpointer && READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count) > 1);
2195 
2196 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
2197 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
2198 		i = 0;
2199 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
2200 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
2201 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
2202 		rt_read_preempted = preempted;
2203 	}
2204 
2205 	return true;
2206 }
2207 
2208 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
2209 
2210 /*
2211  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2212  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2213  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2214  * RCU implementation is broken.
2215  */
2216 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
2217 {
2218 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
2219 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand), -1);
2220 
2221 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
2222 	if (cur_ops->call) {
2223 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
2224 
2225 		if (rhp)
2226 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
2227 	}
2228 }
2229 
2230 /*
2231  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2232  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2233  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2234  * RCU implementation is broken.
2235  */
2236 static int
2237 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
2238 {
2239 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
2240 	long myid = (long)arg;
2241 	int mynumonline = myid;
2242 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2243 	struct timer_list t;
2244 
2245 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
2246 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2247 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
2248 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
2249 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2250 	do {
2251 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2252 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
2253 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
2254 		}
2255 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand, myid) && !torture_must_stop())
2256 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
2257 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2258 			torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
2259 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
2260 		}
2261 		while (torture_num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
2262 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
2263 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
2264 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2265 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2266 		del_timer_sync(&t);
2267 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
2268 	}
2269 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2270 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
2271 	return 0;
2272 }
2273 
2274 /*
2275  * Randomly Toggle CPUs' callback-offload state.  This uses hrtimers to
2276  * increase race probabilities and fuzzes the interval between toggling.
2277  */
2278 static int rcu_nocb_toggle(void *arg)
2279 {
2280 	int cpu;
2281 	int maxcpu = -1;
2282 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2283 	long r;
2284 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2285 	ktime_t toggle_delay;
2286 	unsigned long toggle_fuzz;
2287 	ktime_t toggle_interval = ms_to_ktime(nocbs_toggle);
2288 
2289 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_nocb_toggle task started");
2290 	while (!rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2291 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
2292 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
2293 		maxcpu = cpu;
2294 	WARN_ON(maxcpu < 0);
2295 	if (toggle_interval > ULONG_MAX)
2296 		toggle_fuzz = ULONG_MAX >> 3;
2297 	else
2298 		toggle_fuzz = toggle_interval >> 3;
2299 	if (toggle_fuzz <= 0)
2300 		toggle_fuzz = NSEC_PER_USEC;
2301 	do {
2302 		r = torture_random(&rand);
2303 		cpu = (r >> 1) % (maxcpu + 1);
2304 		if (r & 0x1) {
2305 			rcu_nocb_cpu_offload(cpu);
2306 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_offload);
2307 		} else {
2308 			rcu_nocb_cpu_deoffload(cpu);
2309 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_deoffload);
2310 		}
2311 		toggle_delay = torture_random(&rand) % toggle_fuzz + toggle_interval;
2312 		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
2313 		schedule_hrtimeout(&toggle_delay, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
2314 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_nocb_toggle"))
2315 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2316 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2317 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_nocb_toggle");
2318 	return 0;
2319 }
2320 
2321 /*
2322  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
2323  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
2324  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
2325  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
2326  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
2327  * thread is not running).
2328  */
2329 static void
2330 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
2331 {
2332 	int cpu;
2333 	int i;
2334 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2335 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2336 	struct rcu_torture *rtcp;
2337 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
2338 	static bool splatted;
2339 	struct task_struct *wtp;
2340 
2341 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2342 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2343 			pipesummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i]);
2344 			batchsummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i]);
2345 		}
2346 	}
2347 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN; i >= 0; i--) {
2348 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
2349 			break;
2350 	}
2351 
2352 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2353 	rtcp = rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current);
2354 	pr_cont("rtc: %p %s: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
2355 		rtcp,
2356 		rtcp && !rcu_stall_is_suppressed_at_boot() ? "ver" : "VER",
2357 		rcu_torture_current_version,
2358 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
2359 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
2360 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
2361 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
2362 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtmbkf: %d/%d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld ",
2363 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
2364 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail), atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries),
2365 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
2366 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror);
2367 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
2368 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
2369 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
2370 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
2371 	torture_onoff_stats();
2372 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
2373 		data_race(n_barrier_successes),
2374 		data_race(n_barrier_attempts),
2375 		data_race(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error));
2376 	pr_cont("read-exits: %ld ", data_race(n_read_exits)); // Statistic.
2377 	pr_cont("nocb-toggles: %ld:%ld\n",
2378 		atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_offload), atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_deoffload));
2379 
2380 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2381 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) ||
2382 	    atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail) ||
2383 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error || n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror ||
2384 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure || i > 1) {
2385 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
2386 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
2387 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror));
2388 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail));
2389 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);  // rcu_barrier()
2390 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror); // no boost kthread
2391 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_failure); // boost failed (TIMER_SOFTIRQ RT prio?)
2392 		WARN_ON_ONCE(i > 1); // Too-short grace period
2393 	}
2394 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
2395 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2396 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
2397 	pr_cont("\n");
2398 
2399 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2400 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
2401 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2402 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
2403 	pr_cont("\n");
2404 
2405 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2406 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
2407 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2408 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
2409 	}
2410 	pr_cont("\n");
2411 
2412 	if (cur_ops->stats)
2413 		cur_ops->stats();
2414 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
2415 	    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) &&
2416 	    !rcu_stall_is_suppressed()) {
2417 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
2418 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
2419 
2420 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_data)
2421 			cur_ops->get_gp_data(&flags, &gp_seq);
2422 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
2423 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#x cpu %d\n",
2424 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2425 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
2426 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0U : wtp->__state,
2427 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
2428 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
2429 			sched_show_task(wtp);
2430 			splatted = true;
2431 		}
2432 		if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
2433 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
2434 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2435 	}
2436 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
2437 }
2438 
2439 /*
2440  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
2441  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
2442  */
2443 static int
2444 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
2445 {
2446 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
2447 	do {
2448 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
2449 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
2450 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
2451 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2452 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
2453 	return 0;
2454 }
2455 
2456 /* Test mem_dump_obj() and friends.  */
2457 static void rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj(void)
2458 {
2459 	struct rcu_head *rhp;
2460 	struct kmem_cache *kcp;
2461 	static int z;
2462 
2463 	kcp = kmem_cache_create("rcuscale", 136, 8, SLAB_STORE_USER, NULL);
2464 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!kcp))
2465 		return;
2466 	rhp = kmem_cache_alloc(kcp, GFP_KERNEL);
2467 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp)) {
2468 		kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2469 		return;
2470 	}
2471 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() slab test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px, &z = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp, &z);
2472 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR):");
2473 	mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR);
2474 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(NULL):");
2475 	mem_dump_obj(NULL);
2476 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp);
2477 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp);
2478 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", rhp);
2479 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2480 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp->func);
2481 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2482 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &z);
2483 	mem_dump_obj(&z);
2484 	kmem_cache_free(kcp, rhp);
2485 	kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2486 	rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
2487 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2488 		return;
2489 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() kmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2490 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", rhp);
2491 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2492 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2493 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2494 	kfree(rhp);
2495 	rhp = vmalloc(4096);
2496 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2497 		return;
2498 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() vmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2499 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", rhp);
2500 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2501 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2502 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2503 	vfree(rhp);
2504 }
2505 
2506 static void
2507 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
2508 {
2509 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2510 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
2511 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
2512 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
2513 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
2514 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
2515 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
2516 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
2517 		 "stall_cpu_block=%d stall_cpu_repeat=%d "
2518 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
2519 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d "
2520 		 "read_exit_delay=%d read_exit_burst=%d "
2521 		 "reader_flavor=%x "
2522 		 "nocbs_nthreads=%d nocbs_toggle=%d "
2523 		 "test_nmis=%d "
2524 		 "preempt_duration=%d preempt_interval=%d\n",
2525 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
2526 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
2527 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
2528 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
2529 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
2530 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
2531 		 stall_cpu_block, stall_cpu_repeat,
2532 		 n_barrier_cbs,
2533 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff,
2534 		 read_exit_delay, read_exit_burst,
2535 		 reader_flavor,
2536 		 nocbs_nthreads, nocbs_toggle,
2537 		 test_nmis,
2538 		 preempt_duration, preempt_interval);
2539 }
2540 
2541 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
2542 {
2543 	struct task_struct *t;
2544 
2545 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
2546 		return 0;
2547 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2548 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
2549 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2550 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
2551 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2552 
2553 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
2554 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
2555 	return 0;
2556 }
2557 
2558 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
2559 {
2560 	int retval;
2561 
2562 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
2563 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
2564 
2565 	// Testing RCU priority boosting requires rcutorture do
2566 	// some serious abuse.  Counter this by running ksoftirqd
2567 	// at higher priority.
2568 	if (IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)) {
2569 		struct sched_param sp;
2570 		struct task_struct *t;
2571 
2572 		t = per_cpu(ksoftirqd, cpu);
2573 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!t);
2574 		sp.sched_priority = 2;
2575 		sched_setscheduler_nocheck(t, SCHED_FIFO, &sp);
2576 #ifdef CONFIG_IRQ_FORCED_THREADING
2577 		if (force_irqthreads()) {
2578 			t = per_cpu(ktimerd, cpu);
2579 			WARN_ON_ONCE(!t);
2580 			sp.sched_priority = 2;
2581 			sched_setscheduler_nocheck(t, SCHED_FIFO, &sp);
2582 		}
2583 #endif
2584 	}
2585 
2586 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
2587 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2588 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
2589 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
2590 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_run_on_cpu(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
2591 					      cpu, "rcu_torture_boost_%u");
2592 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
2593 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
2594 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
2595 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
2596 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2597 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2598 		return retval;
2599 	}
2600 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2601 	return 0;
2602 }
2603 
2604 static int rcu_torture_stall_nf(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long v, void *ptr)
2605 {
2606 	pr_info("%s: v=%lu, duration=%lu.\n", __func__, v, (unsigned long)ptr);
2607 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2608 }
2609 
2610 static struct notifier_block rcu_torture_stall_block = {
2611 	.notifier_call = rcu_torture_stall_nf,
2612 };
2613 
2614 /*
2615  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
2616  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.  If a new
2617  * stall test is added, stallsdone in rcu_torture_writer() must be adjusted.
2618  */
2619 static void rcu_torture_stall_one(int rep, int irqsoff)
2620 {
2621 	int idx;
2622 	unsigned long stop_at;
2623 
2624 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
2625 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
2626 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
2627 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
2628 	}
2629 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_gp_kthread > 0) {
2630 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin GP stall");
2631 		rcu_gp_set_torture_wait(stall_gp_kthread * HZ);
2632 		for (idx = 0; idx < stall_gp_kthread + 2; idx++) {
2633 			if (kthread_should_stop())
2634 				break;
2635 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2636 		}
2637 	}
2638 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_cpu > 0) {
2639 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin CPU stall");
2640 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
2641 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
2642 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2643 		if (irqsoff)
2644 			local_irq_disable();
2645 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2646 			preempt_disable();
2647 		pr_alert("%s start stall episode %d on CPU %d.\n",
2648 			  __func__, rep + 1, raw_smp_processor_id());
2649 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(), stop_at) &&
2650 		       !kthread_should_stop())
2651 			if (stall_cpu_block) {
2652 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPTION
2653 				preempt_schedule();
2654 #else
2655 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2656 #endif
2657 			} else if (stall_no_softlockup) {
2658 				touch_softlockup_watchdog();
2659 			}
2660 		if (irqsoff)
2661 			local_irq_enable();
2662 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2663 			preempt_enable();
2664 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2665 	}
2666 }
2667 
2668 /*
2669  * CPU-stall kthread.  Invokes rcu_torture_stall_one() once, and then as many
2670  * additional times as specified by the stall_cpu_repeat module parameter.
2671  * Note that stall_cpu_irqsoff is ignored on the second and subsequent
2672  * stall.
2673  */
2674 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
2675 {
2676 	int i;
2677 	int repeat = stall_cpu_repeat;
2678 	int ret;
2679 
2680 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
2681 	if (repeat < 0) {
2682 		repeat = 0;
2683 		WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
2684 	}
2685 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers) {
2686 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2687 		if (ret)
2688 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register() returned %d, %sexpected.\n",
2689 				__func__, ret, !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_STALL_COMMON) ? "un" : "");
2690 	}
2691 	for (i = 0; i <= repeat; i++) {
2692 		if (kthread_should_stop())
2693 			break;
2694 		rcu_torture_stall_one(i, i == 0 ? stall_cpu_irqsoff : 0);
2695 	}
2696 	pr_alert("%s end.\n", __func__);
2697 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers && !ret) {
2698 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2699 		if (ret)
2700 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister() returned %d.\n", __func__, ret);
2701 	}
2702 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
2703 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
2704 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
2705 	return 0;
2706 }
2707 
2708 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
2709 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
2710 {
2711 	if (stall_cpu <= 0 && stall_gp_kthread <= 0)
2712 		return 0;
2713 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
2714 }
2715 
2716 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
2717 struct fwd_cb_state {
2718 	struct rcu_head rh;
2719 	int stop;
2720 };
2721 
2722 /*
2723  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
2724  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
2725  * critical section.
2726  */
2727 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2728 {
2729 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
2730 
2731 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
2732 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
2733 		return;
2734 	}
2735 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2736 }
2737 
2738 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2739 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
2740 	struct rcu_head rh;
2741 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
2742 	struct rcu_fwd *rfc_rfp;
2743 	int rfc_gps;
2744 };
2745 
2746 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
2747 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
2748 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
2749 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
2750 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
2751 
2752 struct rcu_launder_hist {
2753 	long n_launders;
2754 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
2755 };
2756 
2757 struct rcu_fwd {
2758 	spinlock_t rcu_fwd_lock;
2759 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2760 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2761 	long n_launders_cb;
2762 	unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
2763 	struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
2764 	unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2765 	int rcu_fwd_id;
2766 };
2767 
2768 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_fwd_mutex);
2769 static struct rcu_fwd *rcu_fwds;
2770 static unsigned long rcu_fwd_seq;
2771 static atomic_long_t rcu_fwd_max_cbs;
2772 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
2773 
2774 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2775 {
2776 	unsigned long gps;
2777 	unsigned long gps_old;
2778 	int i;
2779 	int j;
2780 
2781 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
2782 		if (rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
2783 			break;
2784 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram %d (duration %lu jiffies):",
2785 		 __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id, jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat);
2786 	gps_old = rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2787 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
2788 		gps = rfp->n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
2789 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
2790 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV,
2791 			rfp->n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
2792 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
2793 		gps_old = gps;
2794 	}
2795 	pr_cont("\n");
2796 }
2797 
2798 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2799 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2800 {
2801 	unsigned long flags;
2802 	int i;
2803 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
2804 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
2805 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = rfcp->rfc_rfp;
2806 
2807 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
2808 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
2809 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2810 	rfcpp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2811 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
2812 	smp_store_release(rfcpp, rfcp);
2813 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb, rfp->n_launders_cb + 1);
2814 	i = ((jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
2815 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist))
2816 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1;
2817 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
2818 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2819 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2820 }
2821 
2822 // Give the scheduler a chance, even on nohz_full CPUs.
2823 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(unsigned long iter)
2824 {
2825 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)) {
2826 		// Real call_rcu() floods hit userspace, so emulate that.
2827 		if (need_resched() || (iter & 0xfff))
2828 			schedule();
2829 		return;
2830 	}
2831 	// No userspace emulation: CB invocation throttles call_rcu()
2832 	cond_resched();
2833 }
2834 
2835 /*
2836  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
2837  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
2838  */
2839 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2840 {
2841 	unsigned long flags;
2842 	unsigned long freed = 0;
2843 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2844 
2845 	for (;;) {
2846 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2847 		rfcp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2848 		if (!rfcp) {
2849 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2850 			break;
2851 		}
2852 		rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
2853 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head)
2854 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2855 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2856 		kfree(rfcp);
2857 		freed++;
2858 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(freed);
2859 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2860 			local_irq_save(flags);
2861 			rcu_momentary_eqs();
2862 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2863 		}
2864 	}
2865 	return freed;
2866 }
2867 
2868 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
2869 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp,
2870 				    int *tested, int *tested_tries)
2871 {
2872 	unsigned long cver;
2873 	unsigned long dur;
2874 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
2875 	unsigned long gps;
2876 	int idx;
2877 	int sd;
2878 	int sd4;
2879 	bool selfpropcb = false;
2880 	unsigned long stopat;
2881 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2882 
2883 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2884 	if (!cur_ops->sync)
2885 		return; // Cannot do need_resched() forward progress testing without ->sync.
2886 	if (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
2887 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2888 		selfpropcb = true;
2889 	}
2890 
2891 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
2892 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2893 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2894 	if  (selfpropcb) {
2895 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
2896 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2897 	}
2898 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2899 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2900 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
2901 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
2902 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
2903 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2904 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
2905 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2906 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2907 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2908 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2909 		udelay(10);
2910 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2911 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
2912 			cond_resched();
2913 	}
2914 	(*tested_tries)++;
2915 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2916 	    !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2917 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2918 		(*tested)++;
2919 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2920 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2921 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
2922 		pr_alert("%s: %d Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__,
2923 			 rfp->rcu_fwd_id, dur, cver, gps);
2924 	}
2925 	if (selfpropcb) {
2926 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
2927 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
2928 		pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2929 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
2930 	}
2931 
2932 	if (selfpropcb) {
2933 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
2934 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2935 	}
2936 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 10); /* Let kthreads recover. */
2937 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2938 }
2939 
2940 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
2941 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2942 {
2943 	unsigned long cver;
2944 	unsigned long flags;
2945 	unsigned long gps;
2946 	int i;
2947 	long n_launders;
2948 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
2949 	long n_launders_sa;
2950 	long n_max_cbs;
2951 	long n_max_gps;
2952 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2953 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
2954 	unsigned long stopat;
2955 	unsigned long stoppedat;
2956 
2957 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2958 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
2959 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
2960 	if (!cur_ops->call)
2961 		return; /* Can't do call_rcu() fwd prog without ->call. */
2962 
2963 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
2964 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2965 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2966 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2967 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
2968 	n_launders = 0;
2969 	rfp->n_launders_cb = 0; // Hoist initialization for multi-kthread
2970 	n_launders_sa = 0;
2971 	n_max_cbs = 0;
2972 	n_max_gps = 0;
2973 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist); i++)
2974 		rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
2975 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2976 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2977 	rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
2978 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2979 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2980 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2981 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2982 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head);
2983 		rfcpn = NULL;
2984 		if (rfcp)
2985 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
2986 		if (rfcpn) {
2987 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
2988 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
2989 				break;
2990 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
2991 			n_launders++;
2992 			n_launders_sa++;
2993 		} else if (!cur_ops->cbflood_max || cur_ops->cbflood_max > n_max_cbs) {
2994 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
2995 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
2996 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2997 				continue;
2998 			}
2999 			n_max_cbs++;
3000 			n_launders_sa = 0;
3001 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
3002 			rfcp->rfc_rfp = rfp;
3003 		} else {
3004 			rfcp = NULL;
3005 		}
3006 		if (rfcp)
3007 			cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
3008 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(n_launders + n_max_cbs);
3009 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
3010 			local_irq_save(flags);
3011 			rcu_momentary_eqs();
3012 			local_irq_restore(flags);
3013 		}
3014 	}
3015 	stoppedat = jiffies;
3016 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb);
3017 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
3018 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
3019 	pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
3020 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
3021 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp);
3022 
3023 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) &&
3024 	    !shutdown_time_arrived()) {
3025 		if (WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED) && cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
3026 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
3027 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld #online %u\n",
3028 			 __func__,
3029 			 stoppedat - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
3030 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
3031 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
3032 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps, num_online_cpus());
3033 		atomic_long_add(n_max_cbs, &rcu_fwd_max_cbs);
3034 		mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex); // Serialize histograms.
3035 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
3036 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3037 	}
3038 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ); /* Let CBs drain. */
3039 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
3040 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
3041 }
3042 
3043 
3044 /*
3045  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
3046  * current forward-progress test.
3047  */
3048 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
3049 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
3050 {
3051 	int i;
3052 	long ncbs;
3053 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
3054 
3055 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3056 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
3057 	if (!rfp) {
3058 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3059 		return NOTIFY_OK;
3060 	}
3061 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
3062 	     __func__);
3063 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
3064 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(&rfp[i]);
3065 		rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rfp[i].rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
3066 	}
3067 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
3068 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
3069 	ncbs = 0;
3070 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
3071 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
3072 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
3073 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3074 	ncbs = 0;
3075 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
3076 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
3077 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
3078 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3079 	ncbs = 0;
3080 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
3081 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
3082 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
3083 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
3084 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
3085 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
3086 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3087 	return NOTIFY_OK;
3088 }
3089 
3090 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
3091 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
3092 };
3093 
3094 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
3095 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
3096 {
3097 	bool firsttime = true;
3098 	long max_cbs;
3099 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
3100 	unsigned long oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
3101 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = args;
3102 	int tested = 0;
3103 	int tested_tries = 0;
3104 
3105 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
3106 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
3107 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
3108 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3109 	do {
3110 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
3111 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
3112 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
3113 			if (!firsttime) {
3114 				max_cbs = atomic_long_xchg(&rcu_fwd_max_cbs, 0);
3115 				pr_alert("%s n_max_cbs: %ld\n", __func__, max_cbs);
3116 			}
3117 			firsttime = false;
3118 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq, rcu_fwd_seq + 1);
3119 		} else {
3120 			while (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq) == oldseq && !torture_must_stop())
3121 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
3122 			oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
3123 		}
3124 		pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
3125 		if (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() && torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)
3126 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(rfp);
3127 		if ((cur_ops->stall_dur && cur_ops->stall_dur() > 0) &&
3128 		    (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_RCU) ||
3129 		     (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() &&
3130 		      torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)))
3131 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(rfp, &tested, &tested_tries);
3132 
3133 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
3134 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog"))
3135 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
3136 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3137 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
3138 	if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
3139 		WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
3140 		pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
3141 	}
3142 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
3143 	return 0;
3144 }
3145 
3146 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
3147 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
3148 {
3149 	int i;
3150 	int ret = 0;
3151 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
3152 
3153 	if (!fwd_progress)
3154 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
3155 	if (fwd_progress >= nr_cpu_ids) {
3156 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Limiting fwd_progress to # CPUs.\n");
3157 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
3158 	} else if (fwd_progress < 0) {
3159 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
3160 	}
3161 	if ((!cur_ops->sync && !cur_ops->call) ||
3162 	    (!cur_ops->cbflood_max && (!cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0)) ||
3163 	    cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
3164 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
3165 		fwd_progress = 0;
3166 		return 0;
3167 	}
3168 	if (stall_cpu > 0 || (preempt_duration > 0 && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU))) {
3169 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall and/or preemption testing");
3170 		fwd_progress = 0;
3171 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST))
3172 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
3173 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture scripting notices conflict. */
3174 		return 0;
3175 	}
3176 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
3177 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
3178 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
3179 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
3180 	rfp = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*rfp), GFP_KERNEL);
3181 	fwd_prog_tasks = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*fwd_prog_tasks), GFP_KERNEL);
3182 	if (!rfp || !fwd_prog_tasks) {
3183 		kfree(rfp);
3184 		kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
3185 		fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
3186 		fwd_progress = 0;
3187 		return -ENOMEM;
3188 	}
3189 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
3190 		spin_lock_init(&rfp[i].rcu_fwd_lock);
3191 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_head;
3192 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_id = i;
3193 	}
3194 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3195 	rcu_fwds = rfp;
3196 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3197 	register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3198 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
3199 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, &rcu_fwds[i], fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3200 		if (ret) {
3201 			fwd_progress = i;
3202 			return ret;
3203 		}
3204 	}
3205 	return 0;
3206 }
3207 
3208 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup(void)
3209 {
3210 	int i;
3211 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
3212 
3213 	if (!rcu_fwds || !fwd_prog_tasks)
3214 		return;
3215 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
3216 		torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3217 	unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3218 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3219 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
3220 	rcu_fwds = NULL;
3221 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3222 	kfree(rfp);
3223 	kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
3224 	fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
3225 }
3226 
3227 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
3228 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
3229 {
3230 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
3231 }
3232 
3233 /* IPI handler to get callback posted on desired CPU, if online. */
3234 static int rcu_torture_barrier1cb(void *rcu_void)
3235 {
3236 	struct rcu_head *rhp = rcu_void;
3237 
3238 	cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3239 	return 0;
3240 }
3241 
3242 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
3243 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
3244 {
3245 	long myid = (long)arg;
3246 	bool lastphase = false;
3247 	bool newphase;
3248 	struct rcu_head rcu;
3249 
3250 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3251 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
3252 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3253 	do {
3254 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
3255 			   (newphase =
3256 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
3257 			   torture_must_stop());
3258 		lastphase = newphase;
3259 		if (torture_must_stop())
3260 			break;
3261 		/*
3262 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
3263 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
3264 		 */
3265 		if (smp_call_on_cpu(myid, rcu_torture_barrier1cb, &rcu, 1))
3266 			cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3267 
3268 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
3269 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
3270 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3271 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
3272 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3273 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3274 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
3275 	return 0;
3276 }
3277 
3278 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
3279 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
3280 {
3281 	int i;
3282 
3283 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
3284 	do {
3285 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3286 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
3287 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
3288 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
3289 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3290 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3291 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
3292 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
3293 			   torture_must_stop());
3294 		if (torture_must_stop())
3295 			break;
3296 		n_barrier_attempts++;
3297 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
3298 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
3299 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
3300 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
3301 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
3302 			       n_barrier_cbs);
3303 			WARN_ON(1);
3304 			// Wait manually for the remaining callbacks
3305 			i = 0;
3306 			do {
3307 				if (WARN_ON(i++ > HZ))
3308 					i = INT_MIN;
3309 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
3310 				cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3311 			} while (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) !=
3312 				 n_barrier_cbs &&
3313 				 !torture_must_stop());
3314 			smp_mb(); // Can't trust ordering if broken.
3315 			if (!torture_must_stop())
3316 				pr_err("Recovered: barrier_cbs_invoked = %d\n",
3317 				       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked));
3318 		} else {
3319 			n_barrier_successes++;
3320 		}
3321 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
3322 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3323 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
3324 	return 0;
3325 }
3326 
3327 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
3328 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
3329 {
3330 	int i;
3331 	int ret;
3332 
3333 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
3334 		return 0;
3335 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
3336 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3337 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
3338 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
3339 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3340 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
3341 			 torture_type);
3342 		return 0;
3343 	}
3344 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
3345 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3346 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
3347 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
3348 			GFP_KERNEL);
3349 	barrier_cbs_wq =
3350 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
3351 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
3352 		return -ENOMEM;
3353 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
3354 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3355 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3356 					     (void *)(long)i,
3357 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3358 		if (ret)
3359 			return ret;
3360 	}
3361 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
3362 }
3363 
3364 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
3365 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
3366 {
3367 	int i;
3368 
3369 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
3370 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
3371 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3372 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3373 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3374 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
3375 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
3376 	}
3377 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
3378 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
3379 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
3380 	}
3381 }
3382 
3383 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
3384 {
3385 	static int boost_warn_once;
3386 	int prio;
3387 
3388 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
3389 		return false;
3390 	if (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
3391 		return false;
3392 
3393 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
3394 	if (!prio)
3395 		return false;
3396 
3397 	if (prio < 2) {
3398 		if (boost_warn_once == 1)
3399 			return false;
3400 
3401 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3402 		boost_warn_once = 1;
3403 		return false;
3404 	}
3405 
3406 	return true;
3407 }
3408 
3409 static bool read_exit_child_stop;
3410 static bool read_exit_child_stopped;
3411 static wait_queue_head_t read_exit_wq;
3412 
3413 // Child kthread which just does an rcutorture reader and exits.
3414 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_child(void *trsp_in)
3415 {
3416 	struct torture_random_state *trsp = trsp_in;
3417 
3418 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3419 	// Minimize time between reading and exiting.
3420 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
3421 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3422 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(trsp, -1);
3423 	return 0;
3424 }
3425 
3426 // Parent kthread which creates and destroys read-exit child kthreads.
3427 static int rcu_torture_read_exit(void *unused)
3428 {
3429 	bool errexit = false;
3430 	int i;
3431 	struct task_struct *tsp;
3432 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
3433 
3434 	// Allocate and initialize.
3435 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3436 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of test");
3437 
3438 	// Each pass through this loop does one read-exit episode.
3439 	do {
3440 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of episode");
3441 		for (i = 0; i < read_exit_burst; i++) {
3442 			if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
3443 				break;
3444 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3445 			// Spawn child.
3446 			tsp = kthread_run(rcu_torture_read_exit_child,
3447 					  &trs, "%s", "rcu_torture_read_exit_child");
3448 			if (IS_ERR(tsp)) {
3449 				TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3450 				errexit = true;
3451 				break;
3452 			}
3453 			cond_resched();
3454 			kthread_stop(tsp);
3455 			n_read_exits++;
3456 		}
3457 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: End of episode");
3458 		rcu_barrier(); // Wait for task_struct free, avoid OOM.
3459 		i = 0;
3460 		for (; !errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop) && i < read_exit_delay; i++)
3461 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
3462 	} while (!errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop));
3463 
3464 	// Clean up and exit.
3465 	smp_store_release(&read_exit_child_stopped, true); // After reaping.
3466 	smp_mb(); // Store before wakeup.
3467 	wake_up(&read_exit_wq);
3468 	while (!torture_must_stop())
3469 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3470 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3471 	return 0;
3472 }
3473 
3474 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_init(void)
3475 {
3476 	if (read_exit_burst <= 0)
3477 		return 0;
3478 	init_waitqueue_head(&read_exit_wq);
3479 	read_exit_child_stop = false;
3480 	read_exit_child_stopped = false;
3481 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_read_exit, NULL,
3482 				      read_exit_task);
3483 }
3484 
3485 static void rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup(void)
3486 {
3487 	if (!read_exit_task)
3488 		return;
3489 	WRITE_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop, true);
3490 	smp_mb(); // Above write before wait.
3491 	wait_event(read_exit_wq, smp_load_acquire(&read_exit_child_stopped));
3492 	torture_stop_kthread(rcutorture_read_exit, read_exit_task);
3493 }
3494 
3495 static void rcutorture_test_nmis(int n)
3496 {
3497 #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3498 	int cpu;
3499 	int dumpcpu;
3500 	int i;
3501 
3502 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
3503 		preempt_disable();
3504 		cpu = smp_processor_id();
3505 		dumpcpu = cpu + 1;
3506 		if (dumpcpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
3507 			dumpcpu = 0;
3508 		pr_alert("%s: CPU %d invoking dump_cpu_task(%d)\n", __func__, cpu, dumpcpu);
3509 		dump_cpu_task(dumpcpu);
3510 		preempt_enable();
3511 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(15 * HZ);
3512 	}
3513 #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3514 	WARN_ONCE(n, "Non-zero rcutorture.test_nmis=%d permitted only when rcutorture is built in.\n", test_nmis);
3515 #endif // #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3516 }
3517 
3518 // Randomly preempt online CPUs.
3519 static int rcu_torture_preempt(void *unused)
3520 {
3521 	int cpu = -1;
3522 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
3523 
3524 	schedule_timeout_idle(stall_cpu_holdoff);
3525 	do {
3526 		// Wait for preempt_interval ms with up to 100us fuzz.
3527 		torture_hrtimeout_ms(preempt_interval, 100, &rand);
3528 		// Select online CPU.
3529 		cpu = cpumask_next(cpu, cpu_online_mask);
3530 		if (cpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
3531 			cpu = cpumask_next(-1, cpu_online_mask);
3532 		WARN_ON_ONCE(cpu >= nr_cpu_ids);
3533 		// Move to that CPU, if can't do so, retry later.
3534 		if (torture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu), false))
3535 			continue;
3536 		// Preempt at high-ish priority, then reset to normal.
3537 		sched_set_fifo(current);
3538 		torture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpu_present_mask, true);
3539 		mdelay(preempt_duration);
3540 		sched_set_normal(current, 0);
3541 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_preempt");
3542 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3543 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_preempt");
3544 	return 0;
3545 }
3546 
3547 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
3548 
3549 static void
3550 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
3551 {
3552 	int firsttime;
3553 	int flags = 0;
3554 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3555 	int i;
3556 
3557 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
3558 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3559 			pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3560 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3561 		}
3562 		if (cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister)
3563 			cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3564 		return;
3565 	}
3566 	if (!cur_ops) {
3567 		torture_cleanup_end();
3568 		return;
3569 	}
3570 
3571 	rcutorture_test_nmis(test_nmis);
3572 
3573 	if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
3574 		cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
3575 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_preempt, preempt_task);
3576 	rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup();
3577 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
3578 	rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup();
3579 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
3580 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
3581 
3582 	if (nocb_tasks) {
3583 		for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++)
3584 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, nocb_tasks[i]);
3585 		kfree(nocb_tasks);
3586 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
3587 	}
3588 
3589 	if (reader_tasks) {
3590 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
3591 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
3592 					     reader_tasks[i]);
3593 		kfree(reader_tasks);
3594 		reader_tasks = NULL;
3595 	}
3596 	kfree(rcu_torture_reader_mbchk);
3597 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = NULL;
3598 
3599 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
3600 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++)
3601 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
3602 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
3603 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
3604 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
3605 	}
3606 
3607 	if (cur_ops->get_gp_data)
3608 		cur_ops->get_gp_data(&flags, &gp_seq);
3609 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x total-gps=%ld\n",
3610 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags,
3611 		 rcutorture_seq_diff(gp_seq, start_gp_seq));
3612 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
3613 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
3614 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost() && rcutor_hp >= 0)
3615 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
3616 
3617 	/*
3618 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
3619 	 * cleanup operations.
3620 	 */
3621 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3622 		pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3623 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3624 	}
3625 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
3626 		cur_ops->cleanup();
3627 
3628 	rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj();
3629 
3630 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
3631 
3632 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
3633 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
3634 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
3635 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
3636 		firsttime = 1;
3637 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
3638 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#4x", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
3639 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
3640 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3641 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
3642 				firsttime = 0;
3643 			}
3644 			if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_LOG_CPU)) {
3645 				pr_cont(" CPU %2d", err_segs[i].rt_cpu);
3646 				if (err_segs[i].rt_cpu != err_segs[i].rt_end_cpu)
3647 					pr_cont("->%-2d", err_segs[i].rt_end_cpu);
3648 				else
3649 					pr_cont(" ...");
3650 			}
3651 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
3652 				pr_cont(" %s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3653 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
3654 				firsttime = 0;
3655 			}
3656 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
3657 				pr_cont(" %s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3658 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
3659 				firsttime = 0;
3660 			}
3661 			pr_cont("%s", err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? " preempted" : "");
3662 			if (err_segs[i].rt_readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
3663 				pr_cont(" BH");
3664 			if (err_segs[i].rt_readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
3665 				pr_cont(" IRQ");
3666 			if (err_segs[i].rt_readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
3667 				pr_cont(" PREEMPT");
3668 			if (err_segs[i].rt_readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
3669 				pr_cont(" RBH");
3670 			if (err_segs[i].rt_readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
3671 				pr_cont(" SCHED");
3672 			if (err_segs[i].rt_readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
3673 				pr_cont(" RCU_1");
3674 			if (err_segs[i].rt_readstate & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)
3675 				pr_cont(" RCU_2");
3676 			pr_cont("\n");
3677 
3678 		}
3679 		if (rt_read_preempted)
3680 			pr_alert("\tReader was preempted.\n");
3681 	}
3682 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
3683 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
3684 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
3685 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
3686 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
3687 	else
3688 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
3689 	torture_cleanup_end();
3690 	if (cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister)
3691 		cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3692 }
3693 
3694 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3695 {
3696 }
3697 
3698 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3699 {
3700 	/*
3701 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
3702 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
3703 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
3704 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
3705 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
3706 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
3707 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
3708 	 */
3709 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3710 }
3711 
3712 /*
3713  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
3714  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
3715  * cannot be carried out.
3716  */
3717 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
3718 {
3719 	struct rcu_head rh1;
3720 	struct rcu_head rh2;
3721 	int idx;
3722 
3723 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD)) {
3724 		pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_%s()\n",
3725 					KBUILD_MODNAME, cur_ops->name);
3726 		return;
3727 	}
3728 
3729 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(cur_ops->debug_objects &&
3730 			(!cur_ops->call || !cur_ops->cb_barrier)))
3731 		return;
3732 
3733 	struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
3734 
3735 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3736 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3737 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_%s() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME, cur_ops->name);
3738 
3739 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
3740 	idx = cur_ops->readlock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
3741 	cur_ops->call(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
3742 	cur_ops->call(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3743 	cur_ops->call(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
3744 	if (rhp) {
3745 		cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3746 		cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Another duplicate callback. */
3747 	}
3748 	cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
3749 
3750 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
3751 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3752 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_%s() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME, cur_ops->name);
3753 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3754 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3755 	kfree(rhp);
3756 }
3757 
3758 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
3759 {
3760 	static unsigned long n;
3761 
3762 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
3763 		cur_ops->sync();
3764 }
3765 
3766 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut0);
3767 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut1);
3768 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut2);
3769 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut3);
3770 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut4);
3771 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut5);
3772 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut6);
3773 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut7);
3774 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut8);
3775 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut9);
3776 
3777 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem0);
3778 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem1);
3779 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem2);
3780 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem3);
3781 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem4);
3782 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem5);
3783 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem6);
3784 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem7);
3785 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem8);
3786 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem9);
3787 
3788 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu0);
3789 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu1);
3790 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu2);
3791 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu3);
3792 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu4);
3793 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu5);
3794 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu6);
3795 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu7);
3796 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu8);
3797 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu9);
3798 
3799 static int srcu_lockdep_next(const char *f, const char *fl, const char *fs, const char *fu, int i,
3800 			     int cyclelen, int deadlock)
3801 {
3802 	int j = i + 1;
3803 
3804 	if (j >= cyclelen)
3805 		j = deadlock ? 0 : -1;
3806 	if (j >= 0)
3807 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fs, j, fu, i);
3808 	else
3809 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fu, i);
3810 	return j;
3811 }
3812 
3813 // Test lockdep on SRCU-based deadlock scenarios.
3814 static void rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep(void)
3815 {
3816 	int cyclelen;
3817 	int deadlock;
3818 	bool err = false;
3819 	int i;
3820 	int j;
3821 	int idx;
3822 	struct mutex *muts[] = { &mut0, &mut1, &mut2, &mut3, &mut4,
3823 				 &mut5, &mut6, &mut7, &mut8, &mut9 };
3824 	struct rw_semaphore *rwsems[] = { &rwsem0, &rwsem1, &rwsem2, &rwsem3, &rwsem4,
3825 					  &rwsem5, &rwsem6, &rwsem7, &rwsem8, &rwsem9 };
3826 	struct srcu_struct *srcus[] = { &srcu0, &srcu1, &srcu2, &srcu3, &srcu4,
3827 					&srcu5, &srcu6, &srcu7, &srcu8, &srcu9 };
3828 	int testtype;
3829 
3830 	if (!test_srcu_lockdep)
3831 		return;
3832 
3833 	deadlock = test_srcu_lockdep / 1000;
3834 	testtype = (test_srcu_lockdep / 10) % 100;
3835 	cyclelen = test_srcu_lockdep % 10;
3836 	WARN_ON_ONCE(ARRAY_SIZE(muts) != ARRAY_SIZE(srcus));
3837 	if (WARN_ONCE(deadlock != !!deadlock,
3838 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and deadlock digit %d must be zero or one.\n",
3839 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, deadlock))
3840 		err = true;
3841 	if (WARN_ONCE(cyclelen <= 0,
3842 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and cycle-length digit %d must be greater than zero.\n",
3843 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen))
3844 		err = true;
3845 	if (err)
3846 		goto err_out;
3847 
3848 	if (testtype == 0) {
3849 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3850 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3851 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3852 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3853 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3854 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "srcu_read_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3855 					      "srcu_read_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3856 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3857 			if (j >= 0)
3858 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3859 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3860 		}
3861 		return;
3862 	}
3863 
3864 	if (testtype == 1) {
3865 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/mutex %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3866 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3867 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3868 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), mutex_lock(%d), mutex_unlock(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3869 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3870 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3871 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3872 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3873 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3874 
3875 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "mutex_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3876 					      "mutex_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3877 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3878 			if (j >= 0)
3879 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3880 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3881 		}
3882 		return;
3883 	}
3884 
3885 	if (testtype == 2) {
3886 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/rwsem %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3887 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3888 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3889 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), down_read(%d), up_read(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3890 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3891 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3892 			down_read(rwsems[i]);
3893 			up_read(rwsems[i]);
3894 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3895 
3896 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "down_write", "synchronize_srcu",
3897 					      "up_write", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3898 			down_write(rwsems[i]);
3899 			if (j >= 0)
3900 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3901 			up_write(rwsems[i]);
3902 		}
3903 		return;
3904 	}
3905 
3906 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3907 	if (testtype == 3) {
3908 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU and Tasks Trace RCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3909 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3910 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3911 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3912 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3913 			char *fl = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_lock_trace" : "srcu_read_lock";
3914 			char *fs = i == cyclelen - 1 ? "synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace"
3915 						     : "synchronize_srcu";
3916 			char *fu = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_unlock_trace" : "srcu_read_unlock";
3917 
3918 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, fl, fs, fu, i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3919 			if (i == 0)
3920 				rcu_read_lock_trace();
3921 			else
3922 				idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3923 			if (j >= 0) {
3924 				if (i == cyclelen - 1)
3925 					synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace();
3926 				else
3927 					synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3928 			}
3929 			if (i == 0)
3930 				rcu_read_unlock_trace();
3931 			else
3932 				srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3933 		}
3934 		return;
3935 	}
3936 #endif // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3937 
3938 err_out:
3939 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d does nothing.\n", __func__, test_srcu_lockdep);
3940 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = DNNL.\n", __func__);
3941 	pr_info("%s: D: Deadlock if nonzero.\n", __func__);
3942 	pr_info("%s: NN: Test number, 0=SRCU, 1=SRCU/mutex, 2=SRCU/rwsem, 3=SRCU/Tasks Trace RCU.\n", __func__);
3943 	pr_info("%s: L: Cycle length.\n", __func__);
3944 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU))
3945 		pr_info("%s: NN=3 disallowed because kernel is built with CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU=n\n", __func__);
3946 }
3947 
3948 static int __init
3949 rcu_torture_init(void)
3950 {
3951 	long i;
3952 	int cpu;
3953 	int firsterr = 0;
3954 	int flags = 0;
3955 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3956 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
3957 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops, &busted_srcud_ops,
3958 		TASKS_OPS TASKS_RUDE_OPS TASKS_TRACING_OPS
3959 		&trivial_ops,
3960 	};
3961 
3962 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
3963 		return -EBUSY;
3964 
3965 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
3966 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
3967 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
3968 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
3969 			break;
3970 	}
3971 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
3972 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
3973 			 torture_type);
3974 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
3975 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
3976 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
3977 		pr_cont("\n");
3978 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
3979 		cur_ops = NULL;
3980 		goto unwind;
3981 	}
3982 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
3983 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
3984 		fqs_duration = 0;
3985 	}
3986 	if (nocbs_nthreads != 0 && (cur_ops != &rcu_ops ||
3987 				    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU))) {
3988 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types: %s and CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=%d, nocb toggle disabled.\n",
3989 			 cur_ops->name, IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU));
3990 		nocbs_nthreads = 0;
3991 	}
3992 	if (cur_ops->init)
3993 		cur_ops->init();
3994 
3995 	rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep();
3996 
3997 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
3998 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
3999 	} else {
4000 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
4001 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
4002 			nrealreaders = 1;
4003 	}
4004 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
4005 	if (cur_ops->get_gp_data)
4006 		cur_ops->get_gp_data(&flags, &gp_seq);
4007 	start_gp_seq = gp_seq;
4008 	pr_alert("%s:  Start-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x\n",
4009 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags);
4010 
4011 	/* Set up the freelist. */
4012 
4013 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
4014 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
4015 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
4016 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
4017 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
4018 	}
4019 
4020 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
4021 
4022 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
4023 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
4024 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
4025 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
4026 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
4027 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
4028 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail, 0);
4029 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries, 0);
4030 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
4031 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
4032 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
4033 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
4034 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
4035 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
4036 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
4037 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
4038 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
4039 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
4040 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
4041 		}
4042 	}
4043 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
4044 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
4045 
4046 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
4047 
4048 	rcu_torture_write_types();
4049 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
4050 					  writer_task);
4051 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4052 		goto unwind;
4053 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
4054 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
4055 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
4056 					   GFP_KERNEL);
4057 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
4058 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
4059 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
4060 			goto unwind;
4061 		}
4062 	}
4063 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
4064 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
4065 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
4066 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4067 			goto unwind;
4068 	}
4069 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
4070 			       GFP_KERNEL);
4071 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(*rcu_torture_reader_mbchk),
4072 					   GFP_KERNEL);
4073 	if (!reader_tasks || !rcu_torture_reader_mbchk) {
4074 		TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
4075 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
4076 		goto unwind;
4077 	}
4078 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
4079 		rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[i].rtc_chkrdr = -1;
4080 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
4081 						  reader_tasks[i]);
4082 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4083 			goto unwind;
4084 	}
4085 	nrealnocbers = nocbs_nthreads;
4086 	if (WARN_ON(nrealnocbers < 0))
4087 		nrealnocbers = 1;
4088 	if (WARN_ON(nocbs_toggle < 0))
4089 		nocbs_toggle = HZ;
4090 	if (nrealnocbers > 0) {
4091 		nocb_tasks = kcalloc(nrealnocbers, sizeof(nocb_tasks[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
4092 		if (nocb_tasks == NULL) {
4093 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
4094 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
4095 			goto unwind;
4096 		}
4097 	} else {
4098 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
4099 	}
4100 	for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++) {
4101 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, NULL, nocb_tasks[i]);
4102 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4103 			goto unwind;
4104 	}
4105 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
4106 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
4107 						  stats_task);
4108 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4109 			goto unwind;
4110 	}
4111 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
4112 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
4113 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4114 			goto unwind;
4115 	}
4116 	if (stutter < 0)
4117 		stutter = 0;
4118 	if (stutter) {
4119 		int t;
4120 
4121 		t = cur_ops->stall_dur ? cur_ops->stall_dur() : stutter * HZ;
4122 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ, t);
4123 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4124 			goto unwind;
4125 	}
4126 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
4127 		fqs_duration = 0;
4128 	if (fqs_holdoff < 0)
4129 		fqs_holdoff = 0;
4130 	if (fqs_duration && fqs_holdoff) {
4131 		/* Create the fqs thread */
4132 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
4133 						  fqs_task);
4134 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4135 			goto unwind;
4136 	}
4137 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
4138 		test_boost_interval = 1;
4139 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
4140 		test_boost_duration = 2;
4141 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
4142 
4143 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
4144 
4145 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
4146 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
4147 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
4148 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
4149 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4150 			goto unwind;
4151 	}
4152 	shutdown_jiffies = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
4153 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
4154 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4155 		goto unwind;
4156 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
4157 				      rcutorture_sync);
4158 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4159 		goto unwind;
4160 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
4161 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4162 		goto unwind;
4163 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
4164 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4165 		goto unwind;
4166 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
4167 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4168 		goto unwind;
4169 	firsterr = rcu_torture_read_exit_init();
4170 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4171 		goto unwind;
4172 	if (preempt_duration > 0) {
4173 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_preempt, NULL, preempt_task);
4174 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
4175 			goto unwind;
4176 	}
4177 	if (object_debug)
4178 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
4179 	torture_init_end();
4180 	if (cur_ops->gp_slow_register && !WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister))
4181 		cur_ops->gp_slow_register(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
4182 	return 0;
4183 
4184 unwind:
4185 	torture_init_end();
4186 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
4187 	if (shutdown_secs) {
4188 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
4189 		kernel_power_off();
4190 	}
4191 	return firsterr;
4192 }
4193 
4194 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
4195 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
4196