xref: /linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision c532de5a67a70f8533d495f8f2aaa9a0491c3ad0)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.rst
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
24 #include <linux/rcu_notifier.h>
25 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
26 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
27 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
28 #include <linux/atomic.h>
29 #include <linux/bitops.h>
30 #include <linux/completion.h>
31 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
32 #include <linux/percpu.h>
33 #include <linux/notifier.h>
34 #include <linux/reboot.h>
35 #include <linux/freezer.h>
36 #include <linux/cpu.h>
37 #include <linux/delay.h>
38 #include <linux/stat.h>
39 #include <linux/srcu.h>
40 #include <linux/slab.h>
41 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
42 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
43 #include <linux/torture.h>
44 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
46 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
47 #include <linux/oom.h>
48 #include <linux/tick.h>
49 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
50 #include <linux/nmi.h>
51 
52 #include "rcu.h"
53 
54 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility");
55 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
56 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
57 
58 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1	 (1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1)
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2	 9	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2	 (1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2)
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
65 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
66 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
67 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
69 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2	 0x40	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
70 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 7	/* Number of bits defined above. */
71 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
72 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
73 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
74 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
75 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
76 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
77 
78 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
79 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
80 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0, "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
81 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
82 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
83 torture_param(int, fwd_progress, 1, "Number of grace-period forward progress tasks (0 to disable)");
84 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
85 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60, "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
86 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1, "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
87 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
88 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp, false, "Use conditional/async expedited GP wait primitives");
89 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_full, false, "Use conditional/async full-state GP wait primitives");
90 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp_full, false,
91 		    "Use conditional/async full-stateexpedited GP wait primitives");
92 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
93 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false, "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
94 torture_param(bool, gp_poll, false, "Use polling GP wait primitives");
95 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp, false, "Use polling expedited GP wait primitives");
96 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_full, false, "Use polling full-state GP wait primitives");
97 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp_full, false, "Use polling full-state expedited GP wait primitives");
98 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
99 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
100 torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
101 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0, "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
102 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
103 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
104 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0, "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
105 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
106 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0, "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
107 torture_param(int, nocbs_nthreads, 0, "Number of NOCB toggle threads, 0 to disable");
108 torture_param(int, nocbs_toggle, 1000, "Time between toggling nocb state (ms)");
109 torture_param(int, read_exit_delay, 13, "Delay between read-then-exit episodes (s)");
110 torture_param(int, read_exit_burst, 16, "# of read-then-exit bursts per episode, zero to disable");
111 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
112 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
113 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
114 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10, "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
115 torture_param(bool, stall_no_softlockup, false, "Avoid softlockup warning during cpu stall.");
116 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
117 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_block, 0, "Sleep while stalling.");
118 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_repeat, 0, "Number of additional stalls after the first one.");
119 torture_param(int, stall_gp_kthread, 0, "Grace-period kthread stall duration (s).");
120 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60, "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
121 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
122 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
123 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4, "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
124 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7, "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
125 torture_param(int, test_nmis, 0, "End-test NMI tests, 0 to disable.");
126 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true, "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
127 torture_param(int, test_srcu_lockdep, 0, "Test specified SRCU deadlock scenario.");
128 torture_param(int, verbose, 1, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
129 
130 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
131 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
132 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
133 
134 static int nrealnocbers;
135 static int nrealreaders;
136 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
137 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
138 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
139 static struct task_struct **nocb_tasks;
140 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
141 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
142 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
143 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
144 static struct task_struct **fwd_prog_tasks;
145 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
146 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
147 static struct task_struct *read_exit_task;
148 
149 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
150 
151 // Mailbox-like structure to check RCU global memory ordering.
152 struct rcu_torture_reader_check {
153 	unsigned long rtc_myloops;
154 	int rtc_chkrdr;
155 	unsigned long rtc_chkloops;
156 	int rtc_ready;
157 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtc_assigner;
158 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
159 
160 // Update-side data structure used to check RCU readers.
161 struct rcu_torture {
162 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
163 	int rtort_pipe_count;
164 	struct list_head rtort_free;
165 	int rtort_mbtest;
166 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtort_chkp;
167 };
168 
169 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
170 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
171 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
172 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
173 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
174 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
175 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
176 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
177 static struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rcu_torture_reader_mbchk;
178 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
179 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
180 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
181 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
182 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail;
183 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries;
184 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
185 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
186 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
187 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
188 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
189 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
190 static long n_barrier_attempts;
191 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
192 static unsigned long n_read_exits;
193 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
194 static unsigned long shutdown_jiffies;
195 static unsigned long start_gp_seq;
196 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_offload;
197 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_deoffload;
198 
199 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
200 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
201 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
202 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
203 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
204 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
205 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
206 #define RTWS_COND_GET_FULL	6
207 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP	7
208 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL	8
209 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		9
210 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL	10
211 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP	11
212 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL	12
213 #define RTWS_POLL_GET		13
214 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL	14
215 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP	15
216 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL	16
217 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT		17
218 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL	18
219 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP	19
220 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL	20
221 #define RTWS_SYNC		21
222 #define RTWS_STUTTER		22
223 #define RTWS_STOPPING		23
224 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
225 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
226 	"RTWS_DELAY",
227 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
228 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
229 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
230 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
231 	"RTWS_COND_GET_FULL",
232 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP",
233 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL",
234 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
235 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL",
236 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP",
237 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL",
238 	"RTWS_POLL_GET",
239 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL",
240 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP",
241 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL",
242 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT",
243 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL",
244 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP",
245 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL",
246 	"RTWS_SYNC",
247 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
248 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
249 };
250 
251 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
252 struct rt_read_seg {
253 	int rt_readstate;
254 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
255 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
256 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
257 	bool rt_preempted;
258 };
259 static int err_segs_recorded;
260 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
261 static int rt_read_nsegs;
262 
263 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
264 {
265 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
266 
267 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
268 		return "???";
269 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
270 }
271 
272 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
273 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
274 {
275 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
276 
277 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
278 	return ts;
279 }
280 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
281 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
282 {
283 	return 0ULL;
284 }
285 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
286 
287 /*
288  * Stop aggressive CPU-hog tests a bit before the end of the test in order
289  * to avoid interfering with test shutdown.
290  */
291 static bool shutdown_time_arrived(void)
292 {
293 	return shutdown_secs && time_after(jiffies, shutdown_jiffies - 30 * HZ);
294 }
295 
296 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
297 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
298 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
299 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
300 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
301 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
302 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
303 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
304 
305 static atomic_t rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;	/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
306 
307 /*
308  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
309  */
310 static struct rcu_torture *
311 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
312 {
313 	struct list_head *p;
314 
315 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
316 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
317 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
318 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
319 		return NULL;
320 	}
321 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
322 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
323 	list_del_init(p);
324 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
325 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
326 }
327 
328 /*
329  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
330  */
331 static void
332 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
333 {
334 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
335 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
336 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
337 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
342  */
343 
344 struct rcu_torture_ops {
345 	int ttype;
346 	void (*init)(void);
347 	void (*cleanup)(void);
348 	int (*readlock)(void);
349 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
350 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
351 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
352 	int (*readlock_held)(void);
353 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
354 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
355 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
356 	void (*sync)(void);
357 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
358 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state_exp)(void);
359 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll_exp)(void);
360 	void (*start_gp_poll_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
361 	bool (*poll_gp_state_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
362 	void (*cond_sync_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
363 	void (*cond_sync_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
364 	unsigned long (*get_comp_state)(void);
365 	void (*get_comp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
366 	bool (*same_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate1, unsigned long oldstate2);
367 	bool (*same_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp1, struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp2);
368 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state)(void);
369 	void (*get_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
370 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll)(void);
371 	void (*start_gp_poll_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
372 	bool (*poll_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate);
373 	bool (*poll_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
374 	bool (*poll_need_2gp)(bool poll, bool poll_full);
375 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
376 	void (*cond_sync_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
377 	int poll_active;
378 	int poll_active_full;
379 	call_rcu_func_t call;
380 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
381 	void (*fqs)(void);
382 	void (*stats)(void);
383 	void (*gp_kthread_dbg)(void);
384 	bool (*check_boost_failed)(unsigned long gp_state, int *cpup);
385 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
386 	void (*get_gp_data)(int *flags, unsigned long *gp_seq);
387 	void (*gp_slow_register)(atomic_t *rgssp);
388 	void (*gp_slow_unregister)(atomic_t *rgssp);
389 	long cbflood_max;
390 	int irq_capable;
391 	int can_boost;
392 	int extendables;
393 	int slow_gps;
394 	int no_pi_lock;
395 	int debug_objects;
396 	const char *name;
397 };
398 
399 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
400 
401 /*
402  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
403  */
404 
405 static int torture_readlock_not_held(void)
406 {
407 	return rcu_read_lock_bh_held() || rcu_read_lock_sched_held();
408 }
409 
410 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void)
411 {
412 	rcu_read_lock();
413 	return 0;
414 }
415 
416 static void
417 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
418 {
419 	unsigned long started;
420 	unsigned long completed;
421 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
422 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
423 	unsigned long long ts;
424 
425 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
426 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
427 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
428 
429 	if (!atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
430 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
431 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
432 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
433 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
434 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
435 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
436 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
437 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
438 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
439 					  started, completed);
440 	}
441 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
442 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
443 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
444 	}
445 	if (!preempt_count() &&
446 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
447 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
448 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
449 	}
450 }
451 
452 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
453 {
454 	rcu_read_unlock();
455 }
456 
457 /*
458  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
459  */
460 static bool
461 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
462 {
463 	int i;
464 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp);
465 
466 	if (rtrcp) {
467 		WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp, NULL);
468 		smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_ready, 1); // Pair with smp_load_acquire().
469 	}
470 	i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
471 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
472 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
473 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
474 	WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count, i + 1);
475 	ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
476 	if (i + 1 >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
477 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
478 		return true;
479 	}
480 	return false;
481 }
482 
483 /*
484  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
485  * primitives.
486  */
487 static void
488 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
489 {
490 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
491 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
492 
493 	if (old_rp)
494 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
495 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
496 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
497 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
498 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
499 		}
500 	}
501 }
502 
503 static void
504 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
505 {
506 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
507 
508 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
509 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
510 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
511 		return;
512 	}
513 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
514 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
515 	else
516 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
517 }
518 
519 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
520 {
521 	return 0;
522 }
523 
524 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
525 {
526 	call_rcu_hurry(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
527 }
528 
529 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
530 {
531 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
532 }
533 
534 static bool rcu_poll_need_2gp(bool poll, bool poll_full)
535 {
536 	return poll;
537 }
538 
539 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
540 	.ttype			= RCU_FLAVOR,
541 	.init			= rcu_sync_torture_init,
542 	.readlock		= rcu_torture_read_lock,
543 	.read_delay		= rcu_read_delay,
544 	.readunlock		= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
545 	.readlock_held		= torture_readlock_not_held,
546 	.get_gp_seq		= rcu_get_gp_seq,
547 	.gp_diff		= rcu_seq_diff,
548 	.deferred_free		= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
549 	.sync			= synchronize_rcu,
550 	.exp_sync		= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
551 	.same_gp_state		= same_state_synchronize_rcu,
552 	.same_gp_state_full	= same_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
553 	.get_comp_state		= get_completed_synchronize_rcu,
554 	.get_comp_state_full	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full,
555 	.get_gp_state		= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
556 	.get_gp_state_full	= get_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
557 	.start_gp_poll		= start_poll_synchronize_rcu,
558 	.start_gp_poll_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full,
559 	.poll_gp_state		= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
560 	.poll_gp_state_full	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
561 	.poll_need_2gp		= rcu_poll_need_2gp,
562 	.cond_sync		= cond_synchronize_rcu,
563 	.cond_sync_full		= cond_synchronize_rcu_full,
564 	.poll_active		= NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_OLDSTATE,
565 	.poll_active_full	= NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_FULL_OLDSTATE,
566 	.get_gp_state_exp	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
567 	.start_gp_poll_exp	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
568 	.start_gp_poll_exp_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full,
569 	.poll_gp_state_exp	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
570 	.cond_sync_exp		= cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
571 	.call			= call_rcu_hurry,
572 	.cb_barrier		= rcu_barrier,
573 	.fqs			= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
574 	.gp_kthread_dbg		= show_rcu_gp_kthreads,
575 	.check_boost_failed	= rcu_check_boost_fail,
576 	.stall_dur		= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
577 	.get_gp_data		= rcutorture_get_gp_data,
578 	.gp_slow_register	= rcu_gp_slow_register,
579 	.gp_slow_unregister	= rcu_gp_slow_unregister,
580 	.irq_capable		= 1,
581 	.can_boost		= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST),
582 	.extendables		= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
583 	.debug_objects		= 1,
584 	.name			= "rcu"
585 };
586 
587 /*
588  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
589  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
590  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
591  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
592  * buggy-RCU error messages.
593  */
594 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
595 {
596 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
597 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
598 }
599 
600 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
601 {
602 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
603 }
604 
605 static void
606 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
607 {
608 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
609 	func(head);
610 }
611 
612 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
613 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
614 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
615 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
616 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
617 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
618 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
619 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
620 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
621 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
622 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
623 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
624 	.irq_capable	= 1,
625 	.name		= "busted"
626 };
627 
628 /*
629  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
630  */
631 
632 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
633 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
634 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
635 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops;
636 
637 static void srcu_get_gp_data(int *flags, unsigned long *gp_seq)
638 {
639 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(srcu_ctlp, flags, gp_seq);
640 }
641 
642 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void)
643 {
644 	if (cur_ops == &srcud_ops)
645 		return srcu_read_lock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp);
646 	else
647 		return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
648 }
649 
650 static void
651 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
652 {
653 	long delay;
654 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
655 	const long longdelay = 10;
656 
657 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
658 
659 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
660 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
661 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
662 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
663 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
664 	} else {
665 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
666 	}
667 }
668 
669 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
670 {
671 	if (cur_ops == &srcud_ops)
672 		srcu_read_unlock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp, idx);
673 	else
674 		srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
675 }
676 
677 static int torture_srcu_read_lock_held(void)
678 {
679 	return srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp);
680 }
681 
682 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
683 {
684 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
685 }
686 
687 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
688 {
689 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
690 }
691 
692 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
693 {
694 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
695 }
696 
697 static unsigned long srcu_torture_get_gp_state(void)
698 {
699 	return get_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
700 }
701 
702 static unsigned long srcu_torture_start_gp_poll(void)
703 {
704 	return start_poll_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
705 }
706 
707 static bool srcu_torture_poll_gp_state(unsigned long oldstate)
708 {
709 	return poll_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp, oldstate);
710 }
711 
712 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
713 			      rcu_callback_t func)
714 {
715 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
716 }
717 
718 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
719 {
720 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
721 }
722 
723 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
724 {
725 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
726 }
727 
728 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
729 {
730 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
731 }
732 
733 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
734 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
735 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
736 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
737 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
738 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
739 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
740 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
741 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
742 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
743 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
744 	.same_gp_state	= same_state_synchronize_srcu,
745 	.get_comp_state = get_completed_synchronize_srcu,
746 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
747 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
748 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
749 	.poll_active	= NUM_ACTIVE_SRCU_POLL_OLDSTATE,
750 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
751 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
752 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
753 	.get_gp_data	= srcu_get_gp_data,
754 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
755 	.irq_capable	= 1,
756 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
757 	.debug_objects	= 1,
758 	.name		= "srcu"
759 };
760 
761 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
762 {
763 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
764 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
765 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
766 }
767 
768 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
769 {
770 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
771 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
772 }
773 
774 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
775 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
776 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
777 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
778 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
779 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
780 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
781 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
782 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
783 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
784 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
785 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
786 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
787 	.same_gp_state	= same_state_synchronize_srcu,
788 	.get_comp_state = get_completed_synchronize_srcu,
789 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
790 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
791 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
792 	.poll_active	= NUM_ACTIVE_SRCU_POLL_OLDSTATE,
793 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
794 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
795 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
796 	.get_gp_data	= srcu_get_gp_data,
797 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
798 	.irq_capable	= 1,
799 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
800 	.debug_objects	= 1,
801 	.name		= "srcud"
802 };
803 
804 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
805 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
806 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
807 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
808 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
809 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
810 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
811 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
812 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
813 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
814 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
815 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
816 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
817 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
818 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
819 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
820 	.irq_capable	= 1,
821 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
822 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
823 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
824 };
825 
826 /*
827  * Definitions for trivial CONFIG_PREEMPT=n-only torture testing.
828  * This implementation does not necessarily work well with CPU hotplug.
829  */
830 
831 static void synchronize_rcu_trivial(void)
832 {
833 	int cpu;
834 
835 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
836 		torture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu));
837 		WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu);
838 	}
839 }
840 
841 static int rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial(void)
842 {
843 	preempt_disable();
844 	return 0;
845 }
846 
847 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial(int idx)
848 {
849 	preempt_enable();
850 }
851 
852 static struct rcu_torture_ops trivial_ops = {
853 	.ttype		= RCU_TRIVIAL_FLAVOR,
854 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
855 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
856 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
857 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
858 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
859 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
860 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
861 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
862 	.irq_capable	= 1,
863 	.name		= "trivial"
864 };
865 
866 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
867 
868 /*
869  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
870  */
871 
872 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
873 {
874 	return 0;
875 }
876 
877 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
878 {
879 }
880 
881 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
882 {
883 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
884 }
885 
886 static void synchronize_rcu_mult_test(void)
887 {
888 	synchronize_rcu_mult(call_rcu_tasks, call_rcu_hurry);
889 }
890 
891 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
892 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
893 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
894 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
895 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
896 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
897 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
898 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
899 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
900 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_mult_test,
901 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
902 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
903 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_classic_gp_kthread,
904 	.get_gp_data	= rcu_tasks_get_gp_data,
905 	.irq_capable	= 1,
906 	.slow_gps	= 1,
907 	.name		= "tasks"
908 };
909 
910 #define TASKS_OPS &tasks_ops,
911 
912 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
913 
914 #define TASKS_OPS
915 
916 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
917 
918 
919 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
920 
921 /*
922  * Definitions for rude RCU-tasks torture testing.
923  */
924 
925 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_rude_ops = {
926 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_RUDE_FLAVOR,
927 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
928 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
929 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
930 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
931 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
932 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
933 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
934 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_rude_gp_kthread,
935 	.get_gp_data	= rcu_tasks_rude_get_gp_data,
936 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
937 	.irq_capable	= 1,
938 	.name		= "tasks-rude"
939 };
940 
941 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS &tasks_rude_ops,
942 
943 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
944 
945 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS
946 
947 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
948 
949 
950 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
951 
952 /*
953  * Definitions for tracing RCU-tasks torture testing.
954  */
955 
956 static int tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock(void)
957 {
958 	rcu_read_lock_trace();
959 	return 0;
960 }
961 
962 static void tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
963 {
964 	rcu_read_unlock_trace();
965 }
966 
967 static void rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
968 {
969 	call_rcu_tasks_trace(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
970 }
971 
972 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_tracing_ops = {
973 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_TRACING_FLAVOR,
974 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
975 	.readlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock,
976 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse srcu's version. */
977 	.readunlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock,
978 	.readlock_held	= rcu_read_lock_trace_held,
979 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
980 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free,
981 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
982 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
983 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_trace,
984 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_trace,
985 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread,
986 	.get_gp_data    = rcu_tasks_trace_get_gp_data,
987 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
988 	.irq_capable	= 1,
989 	.slow_gps	= 1,
990 	.name		= "tasks-tracing"
991 };
992 
993 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS &tasks_tracing_ops,
994 
995 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
996 
997 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS
998 
999 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
1000 
1001 
1002 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
1003 {
1004 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
1005 		return new - old;
1006 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
1007 }
1008 
1009 /*
1010  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
1011  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly starting grace periods and waiting
1012  * for them to complete.  If a given grace period takes too long, we assume
1013  * that priority inversion has occurred.
1014  */
1015 
1016 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
1017 
1018 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
1019 {
1020 	/*
1021 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
1022 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
1023 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
1024 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
1025 	 */
1026 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
1027 		return;
1028 
1029 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
1030 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
1031 }
1032 
1033 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
1034 {
1035 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
1036 		return;
1037 
1038 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
1039 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
1040 }
1041 
1042 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long gp_state, unsigned long *start)
1043 {
1044 	int cpu;
1045 	static int dbg_done;
1046 	unsigned long end = jiffies;
1047 	bool gp_done;
1048 	unsigned long j;
1049 	static unsigned long last_persist;
1050 	unsigned long lp;
1051 	unsigned long mininterval = test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2;
1052 
1053 	if (end - *start > mininterval) {
1054 		// Recheck after checking time to avoid false positives.
1055 		smp_mb(); // Time check before grace-period check.
1056 		if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1057 			return false; // passed, though perhaps just barely
1058 		if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, &cpu)) {
1059 			// At most one persisted message per boost test.
1060 			j = jiffies;
1061 			lp = READ_ONCE(last_persist);
1062 			if (time_after(j, lp + mininterval) && cmpxchg(&last_persist, lp, j) == lp)
1063 				pr_info("Boost inversion persisted: No QS from CPU %d\n", cpu);
1064 			return false; // passed on a technicality
1065 		}
1066 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
1067 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
1068 		if (!xchg(&dbg_done, 1) && cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg) {
1069 			pr_info("Boost inversion thread ->rt_priority %u gp_state %lu jiffies %lu\n",
1070 				current->rt_priority, gp_state, end - *start);
1071 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1072 			// Recheck after print to flag grace period ending during splat.
1073 			gp_done = cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state);
1074 			pr_info("Boost inversion: GP %lu %s.\n", gp_state,
1075 				gp_done ? "ended already" : "still pending");
1076 
1077 		}
1078 
1079 		return true; // failed
1080 	} else if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, NULL)) {
1081 		*start = jiffies;
1082 	}
1083 
1084 	return false; // passed
1085 }
1086 
1087 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
1088 {
1089 	unsigned long endtime;
1090 	unsigned long gp_state;
1091 	unsigned long gp_state_time;
1092 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
1093 
1094 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
1095 
1096 	/* Set real-time priority. */
1097 	sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1098 
1099 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
1100 	do {
1101 		bool failed = false; // Test failed already in this test interval
1102 		bool gp_initiated = false;
1103 
1104 		if (kthread_should_stop())
1105 			goto checkwait;
1106 
1107 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
1108 		oldstarttime = READ_ONCE(boost_starttime);
1109 		while (time_before(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
1110 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
1111 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1112 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1113 			if (torture_must_stop())
1114 				goto checkwait;
1115 		}
1116 
1117 		// Do one boost-test interval.
1118 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
1119 		while (time_before(jiffies, endtime)) {
1120 			// Has current GP gone too long?
1121 			if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1122 				failed = rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1123 			// If we don't have a grace period in flight, start one.
1124 			if (!gp_initiated || cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state)) {
1125 				gp_state = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1126 				gp_initiated = true;
1127 				gp_state_time = jiffies;
1128 			}
1129 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost")) {
1130 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1131 				// If the grace period already ended,
1132 				// we don't know when that happened, so
1133 				// start over.
1134 				if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1135 					gp_initiated = false;
1136 			}
1137 			if (torture_must_stop())
1138 				goto checkwait;
1139 		}
1140 
1141 		// In case the grace period extended beyond the end of the loop.
1142 		if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1143 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1144 
1145 		/*
1146 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
1147 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
1148 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
1149 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
1150 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
1151 		 */
1152 		while (oldstarttime == READ_ONCE(boost_starttime) && !kthread_should_stop()) {
1153 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
1154 				if (oldstarttime == boost_starttime) {
1155 					WRITE_ONCE(boost_starttime,
1156 						   jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ);
1157 					n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
1158 				}
1159 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1160 				break;
1161 			}
1162 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1163 		}
1164 
1165 		/* Go do the stutter. */
1166 checkwait:	if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1167 			sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1168 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1169 
1170 	/* Clean up and exit. */
1171 	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1172 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
1173 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1174 	}
1175 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
1176 	return 0;
1177 }
1178 
1179 /*
1180  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
1181  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
1182  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
1183  */
1184 static int
1185 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
1186 {
1187 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
1188 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
1189 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1190 
1191 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
1192 	do {
1193 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
1194 		while (time_before(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
1195 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1196 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
1197 		}
1198 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
1199 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
1200 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1201 			cur_ops->fqs();
1202 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
1203 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
1204 		}
1205 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs"))
1206 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1207 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1208 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
1209 	return 0;
1210 }
1211 
1212 // Used by writers to randomly choose from the available grace-period primitives.
1213 static int synctype[ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names)] = { };
1214 static int nsynctypes;
1215 
1216 /*
1217  * Determine which grace-period primitives are available.
1218  */
1219 static void rcu_torture_write_types(void)
1220 {
1221 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_cond_exp1 = gp_cond_exp, gp_cond_full1 = gp_cond_full;
1222 	bool gp_cond_exp_full1 = gp_cond_exp_full, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_poll_exp1 = gp_poll_exp;
1223 	bool gp_poll_exp_full1 = gp_poll_exp_full, gp_normal1 = gp_normal, gp_poll1 = gp_poll;
1224 	bool gp_poll_full1 = gp_poll_full, gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
1225 
1226 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
1227 	if (!gp_cond1 &&
1228 	    !gp_cond_exp1 &&
1229 	    !gp_cond_full1 &&
1230 	    !gp_cond_exp_full1 &&
1231 	    !gp_exp1 &&
1232 	    !gp_poll_exp1 &&
1233 	    !gp_poll_exp_full1 &&
1234 	    !gp_normal1 &&
1235 	    !gp_poll1 &&
1236 	    !gp_poll_full1 &&
1237 	    !gp_sync1) {
1238 		gp_cond1 = true;
1239 		gp_cond_exp1 = true;
1240 		gp_cond_full1 = true;
1241 		gp_cond_exp_full1 = true;
1242 		gp_exp1 = true;
1243 		gp_poll_exp1 = true;
1244 		gp_poll_exp_full1 = true;
1245 		gp_normal1 = true;
1246 		gp_poll1 = true;
1247 		gp_poll_full1 = true;
1248 		gp_sync1 = true;
1249 	}
1250 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
1251 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
1252 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
1253 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
1254 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
1255 	}
1256 	if (gp_cond_exp1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp) {
1257 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1258 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1259 	} else if (gp_cond_exp && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp)) {
1260 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1261 	}
1262 	if (gp_cond_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync_full) {
1263 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1264 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1265 	} else if (gp_cond_full && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync_full)) {
1266 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1267 	}
1268 	if (gp_cond_exp_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full) {
1269 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1270 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1271 	} else if (gp_cond_exp_full &&
1272 		   (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full)) {
1273 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1274 	}
1275 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1276 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1277 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1278 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1279 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1280 	}
1281 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1282 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1283 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
1284 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1285 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
1286 	}
1287 	if (gp_poll1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state && cur_ops->same_gp_state &&
1288 	    cur_ops->start_gp_poll && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1289 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1290 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling GPs.\n", __func__);
1291 	} else if (gp_poll && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)) {
1292 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll without primitives.\n", __func__);
1293 	}
1294 	if (gp_poll_full1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state_full && cur_ops->same_gp_state_full
1295 	    && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1296 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1297 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1298 	} else if (gp_poll_full && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1299 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1300 	}
1301 	if (gp_poll_exp1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp) {
1302 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1303 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1304 	} else if (gp_poll_exp && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp)) {
1305 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1306 	}
1307 	if (gp_poll_exp_full1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1308 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1309 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1310 	} else if (gp_poll_exp_full &&
1311 		   (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1312 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1313 	}
1314 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
1315 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
1316 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
1317 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
1318 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
1319 	}
1320 	pr_alert("%s: Testing %d update types.\n", __func__, nsynctypes);
1321 }
1322 
1323 /*
1324  * Do the specified rcu_torture_writer() synchronous grace period,
1325  * while also testing out the polled APIs.  Note well that the single-CPU
1326  * grace-period optimizations must be accounted for.
1327  */
1328 static void do_rtws_sync(struct torture_random_state *trsp, void (*sync)(void))
1329 {
1330 	unsigned long cookie;
1331 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1332 	bool dopoll;
1333 	bool dopoll_full;
1334 	unsigned long r = torture_random(trsp);
1335 
1336 	dopoll = cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state && !(r & 0x300);
1337 	dopoll_full = cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full && !(r & 0xc00);
1338 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1339 		cpus_read_lock();
1340 	if (dopoll)
1341 		cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1342 	if (dopoll_full)
1343 		cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1344 	if (cur_ops->poll_need_2gp && cur_ops->poll_need_2gp(dopoll, dopoll_full))
1345 		sync();
1346 	sync();
1347 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1348 		  "%s: Cookie check 3 failed %pS() online %*pbl.",
1349 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1350 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll_full && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1351 		  "%s: Cookie check 4 failed %pS() online %*pbl",
1352 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1353 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1354 		cpus_read_unlock();
1355 }
1356 
1357 /*
1358  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
1359  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
1360  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
1361  */
1362 static int
1363 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
1364 {
1365 	bool boot_ended;
1366 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1367 	unsigned long cookie;
1368 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1369 	int expediting = 0;
1370 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1371 	unsigned long gp_snap1;
1372 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1373 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap1_full;
1374 	int i;
1375 	int idx;
1376 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1377 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgo = NULL;
1378 	int rgo_size = 0;
1379 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
1380 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
1381 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1382 	unsigned long stallsdone = jiffies;
1383 	bool stutter_waited;
1384 	unsigned long *ulo = NULL;
1385 	int ulo_size = 0;
1386 
1387 	// If a new stall test is added, this must be adjusted.
1388 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff + stall_gp_kthread + stall_cpu)
1389 		stallsdone += (stall_cpu_holdoff + stall_gp_kthread + stall_cpu + 60) *
1390 			      HZ * (stall_cpu_repeat + 1);
1391 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
1392 	if (!can_expedite)
1393 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1394 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
1395 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1396 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1397 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1398 		/*
1399 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1400 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1401 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1402 		 */
1403 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1404 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1405 		return 0;
1406 	}
1407 	if (cur_ops->poll_active > 0) {
1408 		ulo = kzalloc(cur_ops->poll_active * sizeof(ulo[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
1409 		if (!WARN_ON(!ulo))
1410 			ulo_size = cur_ops->poll_active;
1411 	}
1412 	if (cur_ops->poll_active_full > 0) {
1413 		rgo = kzalloc(cur_ops->poll_active_full * sizeof(rgo[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
1414 		if (!WARN_ON(!rgo))
1415 			rgo_size = cur_ops->poll_active_full;
1416 	}
1417 
1418 	do {
1419 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
1420 		torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
1421 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
1422 		if (rp == NULL)
1423 			continue;
1424 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
1425 		ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
1426 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1427 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1428 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1429 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1430 					       current == writer_task);
1431 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1432 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1433 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1434 		if (old_rp) {
1435 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1436 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1437 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1438 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1439 			WRITE_ONCE(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count,
1440 				   old_rp->rtort_pipe_count + 1);
1441 			ASSERT_EXCLUSIVE_WRITER(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count);
1442 
1443 			// Make sure readers block polled grace periods.
1444 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1445 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1446 				cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1447 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1448 					  "%s: Cookie check 1 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
1449 					  __func__,
1450 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1451 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1452 					  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
1453 				if (cur_ops->get_comp_state) {
1454 					cookie = cur_ops->get_comp_state();
1455 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie));
1456 				}
1457 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1458 			}
1459 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1460 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1461 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1462 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1463 					  "%s: Cookie check 5 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
1464 					  __func__,
1465 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1466 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1467 					  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1468 				if (cur_ops->get_comp_state_full) {
1469 					cur_ops->get_comp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1470 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full));
1471 				}
1472 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1473 			}
1474 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1475 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1476 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1477 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1478 				break;
1479 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1480 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1481 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->exp_sync);
1482 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1483 				break;
1484 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1485 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1486 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1487 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1488 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1489 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1490 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1491 				break;
1492 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1493 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1494 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1495 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1496 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP;
1497 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1498 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1499 				break;
1500 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1501 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1502 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1503 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1504 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL;
1505 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1506 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1507 				break;
1508 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1509 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1510 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1511 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1512 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL;
1513 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1514 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1515 				break;
1516 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1517 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1518 				for (i = 0; i < ulo_size; i++)
1519 					ulo[i] = cur_ops->get_comp_state();
1520 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1521 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT;
1522 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1523 					gp_snap1 = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1524 					for (i = 0; i < ulo_size; i++)
1525 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(ulo[i]) ||
1526 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state(ulo[i], gp_snap1)) {
1527 							ulo[i] = gp_snap1;
1528 							break;
1529 						}
1530 					WARN_ON_ONCE(ulo_size > 0 && i >= ulo_size);
1531 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1532 								  &rand);
1533 				}
1534 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1535 				break;
1536 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1537 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1538 				for (i = 0; i < rgo_size; i++)
1539 					cur_ops->get_comp_state_full(&rgo[i]);
1540 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1541 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL;
1542 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1543 					cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap1_full);
1544 					for (i = 0; i < rgo_size; i++)
1545 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&rgo[i]) ||
1546 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state_full(&rgo[i],
1547 										&gp_snap1_full)) {
1548 							rgo[i] = gp_snap1_full;
1549 							break;
1550 						}
1551 					WARN_ON_ONCE(rgo_size > 0 && i >= rgo_size);
1552 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1553 								  &rand);
1554 				}
1555 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1556 				break;
1557 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1558 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1559 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1560 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP;
1561 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap))
1562 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1563 								  &rand);
1564 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1565 				break;
1566 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1567 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1568 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1569 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL;
1570 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full))
1571 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1572 								  &rand);
1573 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1574 				break;
1575 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1576 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1577 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->sync);
1578 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1579 				break;
1580 			default:
1581 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1582 				break;
1583 			}
1584 		}
1585 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1586 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1587 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1588 		if (can_expedite &&
1589 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1590 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1591 			if (expediting >= 0)
1592 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1593 			else
1594 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1595 			if (++expediting > 3)
1596 				expediting = -expediting;
1597 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1598 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1599 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1600 		}
1601 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1602 		boot_ended = rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended();
1603 		stutter_waited = stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
1604 		if (stutter_waited &&
1605 		    !atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
1606 		    !cur_ops->slow_gps &&
1607 		    !torture_must_stop() &&
1608 		    boot_ended &&
1609 		    time_after(jiffies, stallsdone))
1610 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1611 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free) &&
1612 				    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) != &rcu_tortures[i]) {
1613 					tracing_off();
1614 					if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
1615 						cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1616 					WARN(1, "%s: rtort_pipe_count: %d\n", __func__, rcu_tortures[i].rtort_pipe_count);
1617 					rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1618 				}
1619 		if (stutter_waited)
1620 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1621 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1622 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;  // Let stats task know that we are done.
1623 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1624 	if (expediting > 0)
1625 		expediting = -expediting;
1626 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1627 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1628 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1629 	if (!can_expedite)
1630 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1631 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1632 			 torture_type);
1633 	kfree(ulo);
1634 	kfree(rgo);
1635 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1636 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1637 	return 0;
1638 }
1639 
1640 /*
1641  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1642  * delay between calls.
1643  */
1644 static int
1645 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1646 {
1647 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1648 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1649 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1650 
1651 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1652 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1653 
1654 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1655 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1656 		/*
1657 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1658 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1659 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1660 		 */
1661 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1662 		return 0;
1663 	}
1664 
1665 	do {
1666 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 10, &rand);
1667 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1668 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1669 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1670 		} else {
1671 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1672 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1673 				break;
1674 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1675 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1676 				break;
1677 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1678 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1679 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1680 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1681 				break;
1682 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1683 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1684 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1685 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1686 				break;
1687 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1688 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1689 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1690 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1691 				break;
1692 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1693 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1694 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1695 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1696 				break;
1697 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1698 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1699 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1700 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1701 								  &rand);
1702 				}
1703 				break;
1704 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1705 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1706 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1707 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1708 								  &rand);
1709 				}
1710 				break;
1711 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1712 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1713 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap)) {
1714 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1715 								  &rand);
1716 				}
1717 				break;
1718 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1719 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1720 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1721 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1722 								  &rand);
1723 				}
1724 				break;
1725 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1726 				cur_ops->sync();
1727 				break;
1728 			default:
1729 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1730 				break;
1731 			}
1732 		}
1733 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1734 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1735 
1736 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1737 	return 0;
1738 }
1739 
1740 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1741 {
1742 	kfree(rhp);
1743 }
1744 
1745 // Set up and carry out testing of RCU's global memory ordering
1746 static void rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(long myid, struct rcu_torture *rtp,
1747 					struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1748 {
1749 	unsigned long loops;
1750 	int noc = torture_num_online_cpus();
1751 	int rdrchked;
1752 	int rdrchker;
1753 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp; // Me.
1754 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_assigner; // Assigned us to do checking.
1755 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chked; // Reader being checked.
1756 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chker; // Reader doing checking when not me.
1757 
1758 	if (myid < 0)
1759 		return; // Don't try this from timer handlers.
1760 
1761 	// Increment my counter.
1762 	rtrcp = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[myid];
1763 	WRITE_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_myloops, rtrcp->rtc_myloops + 1);
1764 
1765 	// Attempt to assign someone else some checking work.
1766 	rdrchked = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1767 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1768 	rdrchker = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1769 	rtrcp_chker = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchker];
1770 	if (rdrchked != myid && rdrchked != rdrchker && noc >= rdrchked && noc >= rdrchker &&
1771 	    smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr) < 0 && // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1772 	    !READ_ONCE(rtp->rtort_chkp) &&
1773 	    !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner)) { // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1774 		rtrcp->rtc_chkloops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1775 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr >= 0);
1776 		rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr = rdrchked;
1777 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_ready); // This gets set after the grace period ends.
1778 		if (cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, NULL, rtrcp) ||
1779 		    cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtp->rtort_chkp, NULL, rtrcp))
1780 			(void)cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, rtrcp, NULL); // Back out.
1781 	}
1782 
1783 	// If assigned some completed work, do it!
1784 	rtrcp_assigner = READ_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_assigner);
1785 	if (!rtrcp_assigner || !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready))
1786 		return; // No work or work not yet ready.
1787 	rdrchked = rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr;
1788 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(rdrchked < 0))
1789 		return;
1790 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1791 	loops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1792 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries);
1793 	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(loops, rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops))
1794 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail);
1795 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops = loops + ULONG_MAX / 2;
1796 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready = 0;
1797 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_assigner, NULL); // Someone else can assign us work.
1798 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr, -1); // Assigner can again assign.
1799 }
1800 
1801 /*
1802  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1803  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1804  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1805  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1806  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1807  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1808  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1809  */
1810 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1811 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1812 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1813 {
1814 	unsigned long flags;
1815 	int idxnew1 = -1;
1816 	int idxnew2 = -1;
1817 	int idxold1 = *readstate;
1818 	int idxold2 = idxold1;
1819 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1820 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1821 
1822 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 < 0);
1823 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1);
1824 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1825 
1826 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1827 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1828 		local_bh_disable();
1829 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1830 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1831 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1832 		local_irq_disable();
1833 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1834 		preempt_disable();
1835 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1836 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1837 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
1838 		idxnew1 = (cur_ops->readlock() & 0x1) << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1;
1839 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)
1840 		idxnew2 = (cur_ops->readlock() & 0x1) << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2;
1841 
1842 	/*
1843 	 * Next, remove old protection, in decreasing order of strength
1844 	 * to avoid unlock paths that aren't safe in the stronger
1845 	 * context. Namely: BH can not be enabled with disabled interrupts.
1846 	 * Additionally PREEMPT_RT requires that BH is enabled in preemptible
1847 	 * context.
1848 	 */
1849 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1850 		local_irq_enable();
1851 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1852 		preempt_enable();
1853 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1854 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1855 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1856 		local_bh_enable();
1857 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1858 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1859 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2) {
1860 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) & 0x1);
1861 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 != -1);
1862 		idxold2 = 0;
1863 	}
1864 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) {
1865 		bool lockit;
1866 
1867 		lockit = !cur_ops->no_pi_lock && !statesnew && !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xffff);
1868 		if (lockit)
1869 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1870 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold1 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) & 0x1);
1871 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 != -1);
1872 		idxold1 = 0;
1873 		if (lockit)
1874 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1875 	}
1876 
1877 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1878 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1879 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1880 
1881 	/* Update the reader state. */
1882 	if (idxnew1 == -1)
1883 		idxnew1 = idxold1 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1;
1884 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 < 0);
1885 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew1 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) > 1))
1886 		pr_info("Unexpected idxnew1 value of %#x\n", idxnew1);
1887 	if (idxnew2 == -1)
1888 		idxnew2 = idxold2 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2;
1889 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 < 0);
1890 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1);
1891 	*readstate = idxnew1 | idxnew2 | newstate;
1892 	WARN_ON_ONCE(*readstate < 0);
1893 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1))
1894 		pr_info("Unexpected idxnew2 value of %#x\n", idxnew2);
1895 }
1896 
1897 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1898 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1899 {
1900 	int mask;
1901 
1902 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1903 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1904 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
1905 	return mask;
1906 }
1907 
1908 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1909 static int
1910 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1911 {
1912 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1913 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp);
1914 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1915 	unsigned long preempts = RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED;
1916 	unsigned long preempts_irq = preempts | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ;
1917 	unsigned long bhs = RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1918 
1919 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1);
1920 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
1921 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1922 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1923 	else
1924 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1925 
1926 	// Can't have nested RCU reader without outer RCU reader.
1927 	if (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) && (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)) {
1928 		if (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
1929 			mask &= ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
1930 		else
1931 			mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
1932 	}
1933 
1934 	/*
1935 	 * Can't enable bh w/irq disabled.
1936 	 */
1937 	if (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1938 		mask |= oldmask & bhs;
1939 
1940 	/*
1941 	 * Ideally these sequences would be detected in debug builds
1942 	 * (regardless of RT), but until then don't stop testing
1943 	 * them on non-RT.
1944 	 */
1945 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT)) {
1946 		/* Can't modify BH in atomic context */
1947 		if (oldmask & preempts_irq)
1948 			mask &= ~bhs;
1949 		if ((oldmask | mask) & preempts_irq)
1950 			mask |= oldmask & bhs;
1951 	}
1952 
1953 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
1954 }
1955 
1956 /*
1957  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1958  * critical section.
1959  */
1960 static struct rt_read_seg *
1961 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1962 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1963 {
1964 	int i;
1965 	int j;
1966 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1967 
1968 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1969 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1970 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1971 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1972 	i = torture_random(trsp);
1973 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1974 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1975 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1976 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1977 	}
1978 	return &rtrsp[j];
1979 }
1980 
1981 /*
1982  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1983  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1984  * from a timer handler.
1985  */
1986 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp, long myid)
1987 {
1988 	bool checkpolling = !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xfff);
1989 	unsigned long cookie;
1990 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1991 	int i;
1992 	unsigned long started;
1993 	unsigned long completed;
1994 	int newstate;
1995 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1996 	int pipe_count;
1997 	int readstate = 0;
1998 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1999 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
2000 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
2001 	unsigned long long ts;
2002 
2003 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_is_watching());
2004 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
2005 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
2006 	if (checkpolling) {
2007 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
2008 			cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
2009 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
2010 			cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
2011 	}
2012 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2013 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
2014 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
2015 				  !cur_ops->readlock_held || cur_ops->readlock_held());
2016 	if (p == NULL) {
2017 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
2018 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
2019 		return false;
2020 	}
2021 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
2022 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
2023 	rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(myid, p, trsp);
2024 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
2025 	preempt_disable();
2026 	pipe_count = READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count);
2027 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
2028 		// Should not happen in a correct RCU implementation,
2029 		// happens quite often for torture_type=busted.
2030 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
2031 	}
2032 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2033 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
2034 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
2035 					  ts, started, completed);
2036 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2037 	}
2038 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
2039 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
2040 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
2041 		/* Should not happen, but... */
2042 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
2043 	}
2044 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
2045 	preempt_enable();
2046 	if (checkpolling) {
2047 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
2048 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
2049 				  "%s: Cookie check 2 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
2050 				  __func__,
2051 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2052 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2053 				  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
2054 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
2055 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
2056 				  "%s: Cookie check 6 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
2057 				  __func__,
2058 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2059 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2060 				  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
2061 	}
2062 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
2063 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate);
2064 	// This next splat is expected behavior if leakpointer, especially
2065 	// for CONFIG_RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD=y kernels.
2066 	WARN_ON_ONCE(leakpointer && READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count) > 1);
2067 
2068 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
2069 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
2070 		i = 0;
2071 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
2072 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
2073 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
2074 	}
2075 
2076 	return true;
2077 }
2078 
2079 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
2080 
2081 /*
2082  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2083  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2084  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2085  * RCU implementation is broken.
2086  */
2087 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
2088 {
2089 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
2090 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand), -1);
2091 
2092 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
2093 	if (cur_ops->call) {
2094 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
2095 
2096 		if (rhp)
2097 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
2098 	}
2099 }
2100 
2101 /*
2102  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2103  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2104  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2105  * RCU implementation is broken.
2106  */
2107 static int
2108 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
2109 {
2110 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
2111 	long myid = (long)arg;
2112 	int mynumonline = myid;
2113 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2114 	struct timer_list t;
2115 
2116 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
2117 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2118 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
2119 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
2120 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2121 	do {
2122 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2123 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
2124 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
2125 		}
2126 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand, myid) && !torture_must_stop())
2127 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
2128 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2129 			torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
2130 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
2131 		}
2132 		while (torture_num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
2133 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
2134 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
2135 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2136 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2137 		del_timer_sync(&t);
2138 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
2139 	}
2140 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2141 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
2142 	return 0;
2143 }
2144 
2145 /*
2146  * Randomly Toggle CPUs' callback-offload state.  This uses hrtimers to
2147  * increase race probabilities and fuzzes the interval between toggling.
2148  */
2149 static int rcu_nocb_toggle(void *arg)
2150 {
2151 	int cpu;
2152 	int maxcpu = -1;
2153 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2154 	long r;
2155 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2156 	ktime_t toggle_delay;
2157 	unsigned long toggle_fuzz;
2158 	ktime_t toggle_interval = ms_to_ktime(nocbs_toggle);
2159 
2160 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_nocb_toggle task started");
2161 	while (!rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2162 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
2163 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
2164 		maxcpu = cpu;
2165 	WARN_ON(maxcpu < 0);
2166 	if (toggle_interval > ULONG_MAX)
2167 		toggle_fuzz = ULONG_MAX >> 3;
2168 	else
2169 		toggle_fuzz = toggle_interval >> 3;
2170 	if (toggle_fuzz <= 0)
2171 		toggle_fuzz = NSEC_PER_USEC;
2172 	do {
2173 		r = torture_random(&rand);
2174 		cpu = (r >> 1) % (maxcpu + 1);
2175 		if (r & 0x1) {
2176 			rcu_nocb_cpu_offload(cpu);
2177 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_offload);
2178 		} else {
2179 			rcu_nocb_cpu_deoffload(cpu);
2180 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_deoffload);
2181 		}
2182 		toggle_delay = torture_random(&rand) % toggle_fuzz + toggle_interval;
2183 		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
2184 		schedule_hrtimeout(&toggle_delay, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
2185 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_nocb_toggle"))
2186 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2187 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2188 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_nocb_toggle");
2189 	return 0;
2190 }
2191 
2192 /*
2193  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
2194  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
2195  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
2196  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
2197  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
2198  * thread is not running).
2199  */
2200 static void
2201 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
2202 {
2203 	int cpu;
2204 	int i;
2205 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2206 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2207 	struct rcu_torture *rtcp;
2208 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
2209 	static bool splatted;
2210 	struct task_struct *wtp;
2211 
2212 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2213 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2214 			pipesummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i]);
2215 			batchsummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i]);
2216 		}
2217 	}
2218 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN; i >= 0; i--) {
2219 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
2220 			break;
2221 	}
2222 
2223 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2224 	rtcp = rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current);
2225 	pr_cont("rtc: %p %s: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
2226 		rtcp,
2227 		rtcp && !rcu_stall_is_suppressed_at_boot() ? "ver" : "VER",
2228 		rcu_torture_current_version,
2229 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
2230 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
2231 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
2232 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
2233 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtmbkf: %d/%d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld ",
2234 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
2235 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail), atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries),
2236 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
2237 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror);
2238 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
2239 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
2240 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
2241 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
2242 	torture_onoff_stats();
2243 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
2244 		data_race(n_barrier_successes),
2245 		data_race(n_barrier_attempts),
2246 		data_race(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error));
2247 	pr_cont("read-exits: %ld ", data_race(n_read_exits)); // Statistic.
2248 	pr_cont("nocb-toggles: %ld:%ld\n",
2249 		atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_offload), atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_deoffload));
2250 
2251 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2252 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) ||
2253 	    atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail) ||
2254 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error || n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror ||
2255 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure || i > 1) {
2256 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
2257 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
2258 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror));
2259 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail));
2260 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);  // rcu_barrier()
2261 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror); // no boost kthread
2262 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_failure); // boost failed (TIMER_SOFTIRQ RT prio?)
2263 		WARN_ON_ONCE(i > 1); // Too-short grace period
2264 	}
2265 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
2266 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2267 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
2268 	pr_cont("\n");
2269 
2270 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2271 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
2272 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2273 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
2274 	pr_cont("\n");
2275 
2276 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2277 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
2278 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2279 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
2280 	}
2281 	pr_cont("\n");
2282 
2283 	if (cur_ops->stats)
2284 		cur_ops->stats();
2285 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
2286 	    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) &&
2287 	    !rcu_stall_is_suppressed()) {
2288 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
2289 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
2290 
2291 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_data)
2292 			cur_ops->get_gp_data(&flags, &gp_seq);
2293 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
2294 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#x cpu %d\n",
2295 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2296 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
2297 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0U : wtp->__state,
2298 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
2299 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
2300 			sched_show_task(wtp);
2301 			splatted = true;
2302 		}
2303 		if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
2304 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
2305 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2306 	}
2307 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
2308 }
2309 
2310 /*
2311  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
2312  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
2313  */
2314 static int
2315 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
2316 {
2317 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
2318 	do {
2319 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
2320 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
2321 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
2322 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2323 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
2324 	return 0;
2325 }
2326 
2327 /* Test mem_dump_obj() and friends.  */
2328 static void rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj(void)
2329 {
2330 	struct rcu_head *rhp;
2331 	struct kmem_cache *kcp;
2332 	static int z;
2333 
2334 	kcp = kmem_cache_create("rcuscale", 136, 8, SLAB_STORE_USER, NULL);
2335 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!kcp))
2336 		return;
2337 	rhp = kmem_cache_alloc(kcp, GFP_KERNEL);
2338 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp)) {
2339 		kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2340 		return;
2341 	}
2342 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() slab test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px, &z = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp, &z);
2343 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR):");
2344 	mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR);
2345 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(NULL):");
2346 	mem_dump_obj(NULL);
2347 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp);
2348 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp);
2349 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", rhp);
2350 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2351 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp->func);
2352 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2353 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &z);
2354 	mem_dump_obj(&z);
2355 	kmem_cache_free(kcp, rhp);
2356 	kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2357 	rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
2358 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2359 		return;
2360 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() kmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2361 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", rhp);
2362 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2363 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2364 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2365 	kfree(rhp);
2366 	rhp = vmalloc(4096);
2367 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2368 		return;
2369 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() vmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2370 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", rhp);
2371 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2372 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2373 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2374 	vfree(rhp);
2375 }
2376 
2377 static void
2378 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
2379 {
2380 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2381 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
2382 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
2383 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
2384 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
2385 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
2386 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
2387 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
2388 		 "stall_cpu_block=%d stall_cpu_repeat=%d "
2389 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
2390 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d "
2391 		 "read_exit_delay=%d read_exit_burst=%d "
2392 		 "nocbs_nthreads=%d nocbs_toggle=%d "
2393 		 "test_nmis=%d\n",
2394 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
2395 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
2396 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
2397 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
2398 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
2399 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
2400 		 stall_cpu_block, stall_cpu_repeat,
2401 		 n_barrier_cbs,
2402 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff,
2403 		 read_exit_delay, read_exit_burst,
2404 		 nocbs_nthreads, nocbs_toggle,
2405 		 test_nmis);
2406 }
2407 
2408 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
2409 {
2410 	struct task_struct *t;
2411 
2412 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
2413 		return 0;
2414 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2415 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
2416 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2417 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
2418 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2419 
2420 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
2421 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
2422 	return 0;
2423 }
2424 
2425 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
2426 {
2427 	int retval;
2428 
2429 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
2430 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
2431 
2432 	// Testing RCU priority boosting requires rcutorture do
2433 	// some serious abuse.  Counter this by running ksoftirqd
2434 	// at higher priority.
2435 	if (IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)) {
2436 		struct sched_param sp;
2437 		struct task_struct *t;
2438 
2439 		t = per_cpu(ksoftirqd, cpu);
2440 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!t);
2441 		sp.sched_priority = 2;
2442 		sched_setscheduler_nocheck(t, SCHED_FIFO, &sp);
2443 	}
2444 
2445 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
2446 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2447 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
2448 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
2449 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_run_on_cpu(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
2450 					      cpu, "rcu_torture_boost_%u");
2451 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
2452 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
2453 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
2454 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
2455 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2456 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2457 		return retval;
2458 	}
2459 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2460 	return 0;
2461 }
2462 
2463 static int rcu_torture_stall_nf(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long v, void *ptr)
2464 {
2465 	pr_info("%s: v=%lu, duration=%lu.\n", __func__, v, (unsigned long)ptr);
2466 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2467 }
2468 
2469 static struct notifier_block rcu_torture_stall_block = {
2470 	.notifier_call = rcu_torture_stall_nf,
2471 };
2472 
2473 /*
2474  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
2475  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.  If a new
2476  * stall test is added, stallsdone in rcu_torture_writer() must be adjusted.
2477  */
2478 static void rcu_torture_stall_one(int rep, int irqsoff)
2479 {
2480 	int idx;
2481 	unsigned long stop_at;
2482 
2483 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
2484 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
2485 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
2486 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
2487 	}
2488 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_gp_kthread > 0) {
2489 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin GP stall");
2490 		rcu_gp_set_torture_wait(stall_gp_kthread * HZ);
2491 		for (idx = 0; idx < stall_gp_kthread + 2; idx++) {
2492 			if (kthread_should_stop())
2493 				break;
2494 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2495 		}
2496 	}
2497 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_cpu > 0) {
2498 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin CPU stall");
2499 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
2500 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
2501 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2502 		if (irqsoff)
2503 			local_irq_disable();
2504 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2505 			preempt_disable();
2506 		pr_alert("%s start stall episode %d on CPU %d.\n",
2507 			  __func__, rep + 1, raw_smp_processor_id());
2508 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(), stop_at) &&
2509 		       !kthread_should_stop())
2510 			if (stall_cpu_block) {
2511 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPTION
2512 				preempt_schedule();
2513 #else
2514 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2515 #endif
2516 			} else if (stall_no_softlockup) {
2517 				touch_softlockup_watchdog();
2518 			}
2519 		if (irqsoff)
2520 			local_irq_enable();
2521 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2522 			preempt_enable();
2523 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2524 	}
2525 }
2526 
2527 /*
2528  * CPU-stall kthread.  Invokes rcu_torture_stall_one() once, and then as many
2529  * additional times as specified by the stall_cpu_repeat module parameter.
2530  * Note that stall_cpu_irqsoff is ignored on the second and subsequent
2531  * stall.
2532  */
2533 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
2534 {
2535 	int i;
2536 	int repeat = stall_cpu_repeat;
2537 	int ret;
2538 
2539 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
2540 	if (repeat < 0) {
2541 		repeat = 0;
2542 		WARN_ON_ONCE(IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
2543 	}
2544 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers) {
2545 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2546 		if (ret)
2547 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register() returned %d, %sexpected.\n",
2548 				__func__, ret, !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_STALL_COMMON) ? "un" : "");
2549 	}
2550 	for (i = 0; i <= repeat; i++) {
2551 		if (kthread_should_stop())
2552 			break;
2553 		rcu_torture_stall_one(i, i == 0 ? stall_cpu_irqsoff : 0);
2554 	}
2555 	pr_alert("%s end.\n", __func__);
2556 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers && !ret) {
2557 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2558 		if (ret)
2559 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister() returned %d.\n", __func__, ret);
2560 	}
2561 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
2562 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
2563 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
2564 	return 0;
2565 }
2566 
2567 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
2568 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
2569 {
2570 	if (stall_cpu <= 0 && stall_gp_kthread <= 0)
2571 		return 0;
2572 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
2573 }
2574 
2575 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
2576 struct fwd_cb_state {
2577 	struct rcu_head rh;
2578 	int stop;
2579 };
2580 
2581 /*
2582  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
2583  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
2584  * critical section.
2585  */
2586 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2587 {
2588 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
2589 
2590 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
2591 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
2592 		return;
2593 	}
2594 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2595 }
2596 
2597 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2598 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
2599 	struct rcu_head rh;
2600 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
2601 	struct rcu_fwd *rfc_rfp;
2602 	int rfc_gps;
2603 };
2604 
2605 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
2606 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
2607 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
2608 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
2609 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
2610 
2611 struct rcu_launder_hist {
2612 	long n_launders;
2613 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
2614 };
2615 
2616 struct rcu_fwd {
2617 	spinlock_t rcu_fwd_lock;
2618 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2619 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2620 	long n_launders_cb;
2621 	unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
2622 	struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
2623 	unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2624 	int rcu_fwd_id;
2625 };
2626 
2627 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_fwd_mutex);
2628 static struct rcu_fwd *rcu_fwds;
2629 static unsigned long rcu_fwd_seq;
2630 static atomic_long_t rcu_fwd_max_cbs;
2631 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
2632 
2633 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2634 {
2635 	unsigned long gps;
2636 	unsigned long gps_old;
2637 	int i;
2638 	int j;
2639 
2640 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
2641 		if (rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
2642 			break;
2643 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram %d (duration %lu jiffies):",
2644 		 __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id, jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat);
2645 	gps_old = rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2646 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
2647 		gps = rfp->n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
2648 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
2649 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV,
2650 			rfp->n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
2651 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
2652 		gps_old = gps;
2653 	}
2654 	pr_cont("\n");
2655 }
2656 
2657 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2658 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2659 {
2660 	unsigned long flags;
2661 	int i;
2662 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
2663 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
2664 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = rfcp->rfc_rfp;
2665 
2666 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
2667 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
2668 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2669 	rfcpp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2670 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
2671 	smp_store_release(rfcpp, rfcp);
2672 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb, rfp->n_launders_cb + 1);
2673 	i = ((jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
2674 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist))
2675 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1;
2676 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
2677 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2678 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2679 }
2680 
2681 // Give the scheduler a chance, even on nohz_full CPUs.
2682 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(unsigned long iter)
2683 {
2684 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)) {
2685 		// Real call_rcu() floods hit userspace, so emulate that.
2686 		if (need_resched() || (iter & 0xfff))
2687 			schedule();
2688 		return;
2689 	}
2690 	// No userspace emulation: CB invocation throttles call_rcu()
2691 	cond_resched();
2692 }
2693 
2694 /*
2695  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
2696  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
2697  */
2698 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2699 {
2700 	unsigned long flags;
2701 	unsigned long freed = 0;
2702 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2703 
2704 	for (;;) {
2705 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2706 		rfcp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2707 		if (!rfcp) {
2708 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2709 			break;
2710 		}
2711 		rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
2712 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head)
2713 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2714 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2715 		kfree(rfcp);
2716 		freed++;
2717 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(freed);
2718 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2719 			local_irq_save(flags);
2720 			rcu_momentary_eqs();
2721 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2722 		}
2723 	}
2724 	return freed;
2725 }
2726 
2727 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
2728 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp,
2729 				    int *tested, int *tested_tries)
2730 {
2731 	unsigned long cver;
2732 	unsigned long dur;
2733 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
2734 	unsigned long gps;
2735 	int idx;
2736 	int sd;
2737 	int sd4;
2738 	bool selfpropcb = false;
2739 	unsigned long stopat;
2740 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2741 
2742 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2743 	if (!cur_ops->sync)
2744 		return; // Cannot do need_resched() forward progress testing without ->sync.
2745 	if (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
2746 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2747 		selfpropcb = true;
2748 	}
2749 
2750 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
2751 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2752 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2753 	if  (selfpropcb) {
2754 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
2755 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2756 	}
2757 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2758 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2759 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
2760 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
2761 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
2762 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2763 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
2764 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2765 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2766 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2767 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2768 		udelay(10);
2769 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2770 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
2771 			cond_resched();
2772 	}
2773 	(*tested_tries)++;
2774 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2775 	    !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2776 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2777 		(*tested)++;
2778 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2779 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2780 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
2781 		pr_alert("%s: %d Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__,
2782 			 rfp->rcu_fwd_id, dur, cver, gps);
2783 	}
2784 	if (selfpropcb) {
2785 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
2786 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
2787 		pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2788 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
2789 	}
2790 
2791 	if (selfpropcb) {
2792 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
2793 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2794 	}
2795 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 10); /* Let kthreads recover. */
2796 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2797 }
2798 
2799 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
2800 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2801 {
2802 	unsigned long cver;
2803 	unsigned long flags;
2804 	unsigned long gps;
2805 	int i;
2806 	long n_launders;
2807 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
2808 	long n_launders_sa;
2809 	long n_max_cbs;
2810 	long n_max_gps;
2811 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2812 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
2813 	unsigned long stopat;
2814 	unsigned long stoppedat;
2815 
2816 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2817 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
2818 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
2819 	if (!cur_ops->call)
2820 		return; /* Can't do call_rcu() fwd prog without ->call. */
2821 
2822 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
2823 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2824 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2825 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2826 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
2827 	n_launders = 0;
2828 	rfp->n_launders_cb = 0; // Hoist initialization for multi-kthread
2829 	n_launders_sa = 0;
2830 	n_max_cbs = 0;
2831 	n_max_gps = 0;
2832 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist); i++)
2833 		rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
2834 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2835 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2836 	rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
2837 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2838 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2839 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2840 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2841 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head);
2842 		rfcpn = NULL;
2843 		if (rfcp)
2844 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
2845 		if (rfcpn) {
2846 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
2847 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
2848 				break;
2849 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
2850 			n_launders++;
2851 			n_launders_sa++;
2852 		} else if (!cur_ops->cbflood_max || cur_ops->cbflood_max > n_max_cbs) {
2853 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
2854 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
2855 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2856 				continue;
2857 			}
2858 			n_max_cbs++;
2859 			n_launders_sa = 0;
2860 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
2861 			rfcp->rfc_rfp = rfp;
2862 		} else {
2863 			rfcp = NULL;
2864 		}
2865 		if (rfcp)
2866 			cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
2867 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(n_launders + n_max_cbs);
2868 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2869 			local_irq_save(flags);
2870 			rcu_momentary_eqs();
2871 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2872 		}
2873 	}
2874 	stoppedat = jiffies;
2875 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb);
2876 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2877 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2878 	pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2879 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
2880 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp);
2881 
2882 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) &&
2883 	    !shutdown_time_arrived()) {
2884 		if (WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED) && cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
2885 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
2886 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld #online %u\n",
2887 			 __func__,
2888 			 stoppedat - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
2889 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
2890 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
2891 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps, num_online_cpus());
2892 		atomic_long_add(n_max_cbs, &rcu_fwd_max_cbs);
2893 		mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex); // Serialize histograms.
2894 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2895 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2896 	}
2897 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ); /* Let CBs drain. */
2898 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2899 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2900 }
2901 
2902 
2903 /*
2904  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
2905  * current forward-progress test.
2906  */
2907 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
2908 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
2909 {
2910 	int i;
2911 	long ncbs;
2912 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2913 
2914 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2915 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2916 	if (!rfp) {
2917 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2918 		return NOTIFY_OK;
2919 	}
2920 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
2921 	     __func__);
2922 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
2923 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(&rfp[i]);
2924 		rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rfp[i].rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
2925 	}
2926 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
2927 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
2928 	ncbs = 0;
2929 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2930 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2931 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2932 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2933 	ncbs = 0;
2934 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2935 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2936 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2937 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2938 	ncbs = 0;
2939 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2940 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2941 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2942 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
2943 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
2944 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
2945 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2946 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2947 }
2948 
2949 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
2950 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
2951 };
2952 
2953 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
2954 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
2955 {
2956 	bool firsttime = true;
2957 	long max_cbs;
2958 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2959 	unsigned long oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
2960 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = args;
2961 	int tested = 0;
2962 	int tested_tries = 0;
2963 
2964 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
2965 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
2966 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
2967 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2968 	do {
2969 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
2970 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
2971 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
2972 			if (!firsttime) {
2973 				max_cbs = atomic_long_xchg(&rcu_fwd_max_cbs, 0);
2974 				pr_alert("%s n_max_cbs: %ld\n", __func__, max_cbs);
2975 			}
2976 			firsttime = false;
2977 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq, rcu_fwd_seq + 1);
2978 		} else {
2979 			while (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq) == oldseq && !torture_must_stop())
2980 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
2981 			oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
2982 		}
2983 		pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2984 		if (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() && torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)
2985 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(rfp);
2986 		if ((cur_ops->stall_dur && cur_ops->stall_dur() > 0) &&
2987 		    (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_RCU) ||
2988 		     (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() &&
2989 		      torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)))
2990 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(rfp, &tested, &tested_tries);
2991 
2992 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
2993 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog"))
2994 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2995 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2996 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
2997 	if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
2998 		WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
2999 		pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
3000 	}
3001 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
3002 	return 0;
3003 }
3004 
3005 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
3006 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
3007 {
3008 	int i;
3009 	int ret = 0;
3010 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
3011 
3012 	if (!fwd_progress)
3013 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
3014 	if (fwd_progress >= nr_cpu_ids) {
3015 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Limiting fwd_progress to # CPUs.\n");
3016 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
3017 	} else if (fwd_progress < 0) {
3018 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
3019 	}
3020 	if ((!cur_ops->sync && !cur_ops->call) ||
3021 	    (!cur_ops->cbflood_max && (!cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0)) ||
3022 	    cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
3023 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
3024 		fwd_progress = 0;
3025 		return 0;
3026 	}
3027 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
3028 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
3029 		fwd_progress = 0;
3030 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST))
3031 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
3032 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
3033 		return 0;
3034 	}
3035 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
3036 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
3037 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
3038 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
3039 	rfp = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*rfp), GFP_KERNEL);
3040 	fwd_prog_tasks = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*fwd_prog_tasks), GFP_KERNEL);
3041 	if (!rfp || !fwd_prog_tasks) {
3042 		kfree(rfp);
3043 		kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
3044 		fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
3045 		fwd_progress = 0;
3046 		return -ENOMEM;
3047 	}
3048 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
3049 		spin_lock_init(&rfp[i].rcu_fwd_lock);
3050 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_head;
3051 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_id = i;
3052 	}
3053 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3054 	rcu_fwds = rfp;
3055 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3056 	register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3057 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
3058 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, &rcu_fwds[i], fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3059 		if (ret) {
3060 			fwd_progress = i;
3061 			return ret;
3062 		}
3063 	}
3064 	return 0;
3065 }
3066 
3067 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup(void)
3068 {
3069 	int i;
3070 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
3071 
3072 	if (!rcu_fwds || !fwd_prog_tasks)
3073 		return;
3074 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
3075 		torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3076 	unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3077 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3078 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
3079 	rcu_fwds = NULL;
3080 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3081 	kfree(rfp);
3082 	kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
3083 	fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
3084 }
3085 
3086 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
3087 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
3088 {
3089 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
3090 }
3091 
3092 /* IPI handler to get callback posted on desired CPU, if online. */
3093 static int rcu_torture_barrier1cb(void *rcu_void)
3094 {
3095 	struct rcu_head *rhp = rcu_void;
3096 
3097 	cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3098 	return 0;
3099 }
3100 
3101 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
3102 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
3103 {
3104 	long myid = (long)arg;
3105 	bool lastphase = false;
3106 	bool newphase;
3107 	struct rcu_head rcu;
3108 
3109 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3110 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
3111 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3112 	do {
3113 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
3114 			   (newphase =
3115 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
3116 			   torture_must_stop());
3117 		lastphase = newphase;
3118 		if (torture_must_stop())
3119 			break;
3120 		/*
3121 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
3122 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
3123 		 */
3124 		if (smp_call_on_cpu(myid, rcu_torture_barrier1cb, &rcu, 1))
3125 			cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3126 
3127 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
3128 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
3129 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3130 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
3131 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3132 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3133 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
3134 	return 0;
3135 }
3136 
3137 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
3138 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
3139 {
3140 	int i;
3141 
3142 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
3143 	do {
3144 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3145 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
3146 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
3147 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
3148 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3149 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3150 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
3151 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
3152 			   torture_must_stop());
3153 		if (torture_must_stop())
3154 			break;
3155 		n_barrier_attempts++;
3156 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
3157 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
3158 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
3159 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
3160 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
3161 			       n_barrier_cbs);
3162 			WARN_ON(1);
3163 			// Wait manually for the remaining callbacks
3164 			i = 0;
3165 			do {
3166 				if (WARN_ON(i++ > HZ))
3167 					i = INT_MIN;
3168 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
3169 				cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3170 			} while (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) !=
3171 				 n_barrier_cbs &&
3172 				 !torture_must_stop());
3173 			smp_mb(); // Can't trust ordering if broken.
3174 			if (!torture_must_stop())
3175 				pr_err("Recovered: barrier_cbs_invoked = %d\n",
3176 				       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked));
3177 		} else {
3178 			n_barrier_successes++;
3179 		}
3180 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
3181 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3182 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
3183 	return 0;
3184 }
3185 
3186 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
3187 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
3188 {
3189 	int i;
3190 	int ret;
3191 
3192 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
3193 		return 0;
3194 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
3195 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3196 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
3197 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
3198 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3199 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
3200 			 torture_type);
3201 		return 0;
3202 	}
3203 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
3204 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3205 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
3206 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
3207 			GFP_KERNEL);
3208 	barrier_cbs_wq =
3209 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
3210 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
3211 		return -ENOMEM;
3212 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
3213 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3214 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3215 					     (void *)(long)i,
3216 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3217 		if (ret)
3218 			return ret;
3219 	}
3220 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
3221 }
3222 
3223 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
3224 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
3225 {
3226 	int i;
3227 
3228 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
3229 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
3230 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3231 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3232 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3233 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
3234 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
3235 	}
3236 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
3237 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
3238 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
3239 	}
3240 }
3241 
3242 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
3243 {
3244 	static int boost_warn_once;
3245 	int prio;
3246 
3247 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
3248 		return false;
3249 	if (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
3250 		return false;
3251 
3252 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
3253 	if (!prio)
3254 		return false;
3255 
3256 	if (prio < 2) {
3257 		if (boost_warn_once == 1)
3258 			return false;
3259 
3260 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3261 		boost_warn_once = 1;
3262 		return false;
3263 	}
3264 
3265 	return true;
3266 }
3267 
3268 static bool read_exit_child_stop;
3269 static bool read_exit_child_stopped;
3270 static wait_queue_head_t read_exit_wq;
3271 
3272 // Child kthread which just does an rcutorture reader and exits.
3273 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_child(void *trsp_in)
3274 {
3275 	struct torture_random_state *trsp = trsp_in;
3276 
3277 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3278 	// Minimize time between reading and exiting.
3279 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
3280 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3281 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(trsp, -1);
3282 	return 0;
3283 }
3284 
3285 // Parent kthread which creates and destroys read-exit child kthreads.
3286 static int rcu_torture_read_exit(void *unused)
3287 {
3288 	bool errexit = false;
3289 	int i;
3290 	struct task_struct *tsp;
3291 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
3292 
3293 	// Allocate and initialize.
3294 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3295 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of test");
3296 
3297 	// Each pass through this loop does one read-exit episode.
3298 	do {
3299 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of episode");
3300 		for (i = 0; i < read_exit_burst; i++) {
3301 			if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
3302 				break;
3303 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3304 			// Spawn child.
3305 			tsp = kthread_run(rcu_torture_read_exit_child,
3306 					  &trs, "%s", "rcu_torture_read_exit_child");
3307 			if (IS_ERR(tsp)) {
3308 				TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3309 				errexit = true;
3310 				break;
3311 			}
3312 			cond_resched();
3313 			kthread_stop(tsp);
3314 			n_read_exits++;
3315 		}
3316 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: End of episode");
3317 		rcu_barrier(); // Wait for task_struct free, avoid OOM.
3318 		i = 0;
3319 		for (; !errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop) && i < read_exit_delay; i++)
3320 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
3321 	} while (!errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop));
3322 
3323 	// Clean up and exit.
3324 	smp_store_release(&read_exit_child_stopped, true); // After reaping.
3325 	smp_mb(); // Store before wakeup.
3326 	wake_up(&read_exit_wq);
3327 	while (!torture_must_stop())
3328 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3329 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3330 	return 0;
3331 }
3332 
3333 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_init(void)
3334 {
3335 	if (read_exit_burst <= 0)
3336 		return 0;
3337 	init_waitqueue_head(&read_exit_wq);
3338 	read_exit_child_stop = false;
3339 	read_exit_child_stopped = false;
3340 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_read_exit, NULL,
3341 				      read_exit_task);
3342 }
3343 
3344 static void rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup(void)
3345 {
3346 	if (!read_exit_task)
3347 		return;
3348 	WRITE_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop, true);
3349 	smp_mb(); // Above write before wait.
3350 	wait_event(read_exit_wq, smp_load_acquire(&read_exit_child_stopped));
3351 	torture_stop_kthread(rcutorture_read_exit, read_exit_task);
3352 }
3353 
3354 static void rcutorture_test_nmis(int n)
3355 {
3356 #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3357 	int cpu;
3358 	int dumpcpu;
3359 	int i;
3360 
3361 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
3362 		preempt_disable();
3363 		cpu = smp_processor_id();
3364 		dumpcpu = cpu + 1;
3365 		if (dumpcpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
3366 			dumpcpu = 0;
3367 		pr_alert("%s: CPU %d invoking dump_cpu_task(%d)\n", __func__, cpu, dumpcpu);
3368 		dump_cpu_task(dumpcpu);
3369 		preempt_enable();
3370 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(15 * HZ);
3371 	}
3372 #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3373 	WARN_ONCE(n, "Non-zero rcutorture.test_nmis=%d permitted only when rcutorture is built in.\n", test_nmis);
3374 #endif // #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3375 }
3376 
3377 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
3378 
3379 static void
3380 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
3381 {
3382 	int firsttime;
3383 	int flags = 0;
3384 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3385 	int i;
3386 
3387 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
3388 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3389 			pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3390 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3391 		}
3392 		if (cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister)
3393 			cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3394 		return;
3395 	}
3396 	if (!cur_ops) {
3397 		torture_cleanup_end();
3398 		return;
3399 	}
3400 
3401 	rcutorture_test_nmis(test_nmis);
3402 
3403 	if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
3404 		cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
3405 	rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup();
3406 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
3407 	rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup();
3408 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
3409 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
3410 
3411 	if (nocb_tasks) {
3412 		for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++)
3413 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, nocb_tasks[i]);
3414 		kfree(nocb_tasks);
3415 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
3416 	}
3417 
3418 	if (reader_tasks) {
3419 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
3420 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
3421 					     reader_tasks[i]);
3422 		kfree(reader_tasks);
3423 		reader_tasks = NULL;
3424 	}
3425 	kfree(rcu_torture_reader_mbchk);
3426 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = NULL;
3427 
3428 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
3429 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++)
3430 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
3431 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
3432 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
3433 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
3434 	}
3435 
3436 	if (cur_ops->get_gp_data)
3437 		cur_ops->get_gp_data(&flags, &gp_seq);
3438 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x total-gps=%ld\n",
3439 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags,
3440 		 rcutorture_seq_diff(gp_seq, start_gp_seq));
3441 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
3442 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
3443 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost() && rcutor_hp >= 0)
3444 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
3445 
3446 	/*
3447 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
3448 	 * cleanup operations.
3449 	 */
3450 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3451 		pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3452 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3453 	}
3454 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
3455 		cur_ops->cleanup();
3456 
3457 	rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj();
3458 
3459 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
3460 
3461 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
3462 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
3463 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
3464 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
3465 		firsttime = 1;
3466 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
3467 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
3468 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
3469 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3470 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
3471 				firsttime = 0;
3472 			}
3473 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
3474 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3475 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
3476 				firsttime = 0;
3477 			}
3478 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
3479 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3480 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
3481 				firsttime = 0;
3482 			}
3483 			pr_cont("%s\n",
3484 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
3485 
3486 		}
3487 	}
3488 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
3489 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
3490 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
3491 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
3492 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
3493 	else
3494 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
3495 	torture_cleanup_end();
3496 	if (cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister)
3497 		cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3498 }
3499 
3500 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3501 {
3502 }
3503 
3504 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3505 {
3506 	/*
3507 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
3508 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
3509 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
3510 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
3511 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
3512 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
3513 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
3514 	 */
3515 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3516 }
3517 
3518 /*
3519  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
3520  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
3521  * cannot be carried out.
3522  */
3523 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
3524 {
3525 	struct rcu_head rh1;
3526 	struct rcu_head rh2;
3527 	int idx;
3528 
3529 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD)) {
3530 		pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_%s()\n",
3531 					KBUILD_MODNAME, cur_ops->name);
3532 		return;
3533 	}
3534 
3535 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(cur_ops->debug_objects &&
3536 			(!cur_ops->call || !cur_ops->cb_barrier)))
3537 		return;
3538 
3539 	struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
3540 
3541 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3542 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3543 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_%s() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME, cur_ops->name);
3544 
3545 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
3546 	idx = cur_ops->readlock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
3547 	cur_ops->call(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
3548 	cur_ops->call(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3549 	cur_ops->call(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
3550 	if (rhp) {
3551 		cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3552 		cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Another duplicate callback. */
3553 	}
3554 	cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
3555 
3556 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
3557 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3558 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_%s() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME, cur_ops->name);
3559 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3560 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3561 	kfree(rhp);
3562 }
3563 
3564 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
3565 {
3566 	static unsigned long n;
3567 
3568 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
3569 		cur_ops->sync();
3570 }
3571 
3572 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut0);
3573 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut1);
3574 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut2);
3575 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut3);
3576 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut4);
3577 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut5);
3578 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut6);
3579 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut7);
3580 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut8);
3581 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut9);
3582 
3583 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem0);
3584 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem1);
3585 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem2);
3586 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem3);
3587 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem4);
3588 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem5);
3589 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem6);
3590 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem7);
3591 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem8);
3592 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem9);
3593 
3594 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu0);
3595 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu1);
3596 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu2);
3597 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu3);
3598 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu4);
3599 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu5);
3600 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu6);
3601 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu7);
3602 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu8);
3603 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu9);
3604 
3605 static int srcu_lockdep_next(const char *f, const char *fl, const char *fs, const char *fu, int i,
3606 			     int cyclelen, int deadlock)
3607 {
3608 	int j = i + 1;
3609 
3610 	if (j >= cyclelen)
3611 		j = deadlock ? 0 : -1;
3612 	if (j >= 0)
3613 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fs, j, fu, i);
3614 	else
3615 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fu, i);
3616 	return j;
3617 }
3618 
3619 // Test lockdep on SRCU-based deadlock scenarios.
3620 static void rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep(void)
3621 {
3622 	int cyclelen;
3623 	int deadlock;
3624 	bool err = false;
3625 	int i;
3626 	int j;
3627 	int idx;
3628 	struct mutex *muts[] = { &mut0, &mut1, &mut2, &mut3, &mut4,
3629 				 &mut5, &mut6, &mut7, &mut8, &mut9 };
3630 	struct rw_semaphore *rwsems[] = { &rwsem0, &rwsem1, &rwsem2, &rwsem3, &rwsem4,
3631 					  &rwsem5, &rwsem6, &rwsem7, &rwsem8, &rwsem9 };
3632 	struct srcu_struct *srcus[] = { &srcu0, &srcu1, &srcu2, &srcu3, &srcu4,
3633 					&srcu5, &srcu6, &srcu7, &srcu8, &srcu9 };
3634 	int testtype;
3635 
3636 	if (!test_srcu_lockdep)
3637 		return;
3638 
3639 	deadlock = test_srcu_lockdep / 1000;
3640 	testtype = (test_srcu_lockdep / 10) % 100;
3641 	cyclelen = test_srcu_lockdep % 10;
3642 	WARN_ON_ONCE(ARRAY_SIZE(muts) != ARRAY_SIZE(srcus));
3643 	if (WARN_ONCE(deadlock != !!deadlock,
3644 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and deadlock digit %d must be zero or one.\n",
3645 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, deadlock))
3646 		err = true;
3647 	if (WARN_ONCE(cyclelen <= 0,
3648 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and cycle-length digit %d must be greater than zero.\n",
3649 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen))
3650 		err = true;
3651 	if (err)
3652 		goto err_out;
3653 
3654 	if (testtype == 0) {
3655 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3656 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3657 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3658 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3659 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3660 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "srcu_read_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3661 					      "srcu_read_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3662 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3663 			if (j >= 0)
3664 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3665 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3666 		}
3667 		return;
3668 	}
3669 
3670 	if (testtype == 1) {
3671 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/mutex %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3672 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3673 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3674 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), mutex_lock(%d), mutex_unlock(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3675 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3676 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3677 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3678 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3679 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3680 
3681 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "mutex_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3682 					      "mutex_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3683 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3684 			if (j >= 0)
3685 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3686 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3687 		}
3688 		return;
3689 	}
3690 
3691 	if (testtype == 2) {
3692 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/rwsem %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3693 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3694 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3695 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), down_read(%d), up_read(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3696 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3697 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3698 			down_read(rwsems[i]);
3699 			up_read(rwsems[i]);
3700 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3701 
3702 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "down_write", "synchronize_srcu",
3703 					      "up_write", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3704 			down_write(rwsems[i]);
3705 			if (j >= 0)
3706 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3707 			up_write(rwsems[i]);
3708 		}
3709 		return;
3710 	}
3711 
3712 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3713 	if (testtype == 3) {
3714 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU and Tasks Trace RCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3715 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3716 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3717 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3718 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3719 			char *fl = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_lock_trace" : "srcu_read_lock";
3720 			char *fs = i == cyclelen - 1 ? "synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace"
3721 						     : "synchronize_srcu";
3722 			char *fu = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_unlock_trace" : "srcu_read_unlock";
3723 
3724 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, fl, fs, fu, i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3725 			if (i == 0)
3726 				rcu_read_lock_trace();
3727 			else
3728 				idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3729 			if (j >= 0) {
3730 				if (i == cyclelen - 1)
3731 					synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace();
3732 				else
3733 					synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3734 			}
3735 			if (i == 0)
3736 				rcu_read_unlock_trace();
3737 			else
3738 				srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3739 		}
3740 		return;
3741 	}
3742 #endif // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3743 
3744 err_out:
3745 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d does nothing.\n", __func__, test_srcu_lockdep);
3746 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = DNNL.\n", __func__);
3747 	pr_info("%s: D: Deadlock if nonzero.\n", __func__);
3748 	pr_info("%s: NN: Test number, 0=SRCU, 1=SRCU/mutex, 2=SRCU/rwsem, 3=SRCU/Tasks Trace RCU.\n", __func__);
3749 	pr_info("%s: L: Cycle length.\n", __func__);
3750 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU))
3751 		pr_info("%s: NN=3 disallowed because kernel is built with CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU=n\n", __func__);
3752 }
3753 
3754 static int __init
3755 rcu_torture_init(void)
3756 {
3757 	long i;
3758 	int cpu;
3759 	int firsterr = 0;
3760 	int flags = 0;
3761 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3762 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
3763 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops, &busted_srcud_ops,
3764 		TASKS_OPS TASKS_RUDE_OPS TASKS_TRACING_OPS
3765 		&trivial_ops,
3766 	};
3767 
3768 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
3769 		return -EBUSY;
3770 
3771 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
3772 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
3773 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
3774 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
3775 			break;
3776 	}
3777 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
3778 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
3779 			 torture_type);
3780 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
3781 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
3782 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
3783 		pr_cont("\n");
3784 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
3785 		cur_ops = NULL;
3786 		goto unwind;
3787 	}
3788 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
3789 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
3790 		fqs_duration = 0;
3791 	}
3792 	if (nocbs_nthreads != 0 && (cur_ops != &rcu_ops ||
3793 				    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU))) {
3794 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types: %s and CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=%d, nocb toggle disabled.\n",
3795 			 cur_ops->name, IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU));
3796 		nocbs_nthreads = 0;
3797 	}
3798 	if (cur_ops->init)
3799 		cur_ops->init();
3800 
3801 	rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep();
3802 
3803 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
3804 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
3805 	} else {
3806 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
3807 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
3808 			nrealreaders = 1;
3809 	}
3810 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
3811 	if (cur_ops->get_gp_data)
3812 		cur_ops->get_gp_data(&flags, &gp_seq);
3813 	start_gp_seq = gp_seq;
3814 	pr_alert("%s:  Start-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x\n",
3815 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags);
3816 
3817 	/* Set up the freelist. */
3818 
3819 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
3820 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
3821 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
3822 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
3823 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
3824 	}
3825 
3826 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
3827 
3828 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
3829 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
3830 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
3831 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
3832 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
3833 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
3834 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail, 0);
3835 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries, 0);
3836 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
3837 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
3838 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
3839 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
3840 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
3841 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
3842 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
3843 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
3844 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
3845 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
3846 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
3847 		}
3848 	}
3849 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
3850 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
3851 
3852 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
3853 
3854 	rcu_torture_write_types();
3855 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
3856 					  writer_task);
3857 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3858 		goto unwind;
3859 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
3860 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
3861 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
3862 					   GFP_KERNEL);
3863 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
3864 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3865 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3866 			goto unwind;
3867 		}
3868 	}
3869 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
3870 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
3871 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
3872 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3873 			goto unwind;
3874 	}
3875 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
3876 			       GFP_KERNEL);
3877 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(*rcu_torture_reader_mbchk),
3878 					   GFP_KERNEL);
3879 	if (!reader_tasks || !rcu_torture_reader_mbchk) {
3880 		TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3881 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3882 		goto unwind;
3883 	}
3884 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
3885 		rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[i].rtc_chkrdr = -1;
3886 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
3887 						  reader_tasks[i]);
3888 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3889 			goto unwind;
3890 	}
3891 	nrealnocbers = nocbs_nthreads;
3892 	if (WARN_ON(nrealnocbers < 0))
3893 		nrealnocbers = 1;
3894 	if (WARN_ON(nocbs_toggle < 0))
3895 		nocbs_toggle = HZ;
3896 	if (nrealnocbers > 0) {
3897 		nocb_tasks = kcalloc(nrealnocbers, sizeof(nocb_tasks[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
3898 		if (nocb_tasks == NULL) {
3899 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3900 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3901 			goto unwind;
3902 		}
3903 	} else {
3904 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
3905 	}
3906 	for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++) {
3907 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, NULL, nocb_tasks[i]);
3908 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3909 			goto unwind;
3910 	}
3911 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
3912 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
3913 						  stats_task);
3914 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3915 			goto unwind;
3916 	}
3917 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
3918 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
3919 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3920 			goto unwind;
3921 	}
3922 	if (stutter < 0)
3923 		stutter = 0;
3924 	if (stutter) {
3925 		int t;
3926 
3927 		t = cur_ops->stall_dur ? cur_ops->stall_dur() : stutter * HZ;
3928 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ, t);
3929 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3930 			goto unwind;
3931 	}
3932 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
3933 		fqs_duration = 0;
3934 	if (fqs_holdoff < 0)
3935 		fqs_holdoff = 0;
3936 	if (fqs_duration && fqs_holdoff) {
3937 		/* Create the fqs thread */
3938 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
3939 						  fqs_task);
3940 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3941 			goto unwind;
3942 	}
3943 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
3944 		test_boost_interval = 1;
3945 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
3946 		test_boost_duration = 2;
3947 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
3948 
3949 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
3950 
3951 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
3952 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
3953 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
3954 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
3955 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3956 			goto unwind;
3957 	}
3958 	shutdown_jiffies = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
3959 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
3960 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3961 		goto unwind;
3962 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
3963 				      rcutorture_sync);
3964 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3965 		goto unwind;
3966 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
3967 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3968 		goto unwind;
3969 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
3970 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3971 		goto unwind;
3972 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
3973 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3974 		goto unwind;
3975 	firsterr = rcu_torture_read_exit_init();
3976 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3977 		goto unwind;
3978 	if (object_debug)
3979 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
3980 	torture_init_end();
3981 	if (cur_ops->gp_slow_register && !WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->gp_slow_unregister))
3982 		cur_ops->gp_slow_register(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
3983 	return 0;
3984 
3985 unwind:
3986 	torture_init_end();
3987 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
3988 	if (shutdown_secs) {
3989 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
3990 		kernel_power_off();
3991 	}
3992 	return firsterr;
3993 }
3994 
3995 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
3996 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
3997