xref: /linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision ae22a94997b8a03dcb3c922857c203246711f9d4)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
6  *
7  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com>
8  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
9  *
10  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.rst
11  */
12 
13 #define pr_fmt(fmt) fmt
14 
15 #include <linux/types.h>
16 #include <linux/kernel.h>
17 #include <linux/init.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/kthread.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
22 #include <linux/smp.h>
23 #include <linux/rcupdate_wait.h>
24 #include <linux/rcu_notifier.h>
25 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
26 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
27 #include <uapi/linux/sched/types.h>
28 #include <linux/atomic.h>
29 #include <linux/bitops.h>
30 #include <linux/completion.h>
31 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
32 #include <linux/percpu.h>
33 #include <linux/notifier.h>
34 #include <linux/reboot.h>
35 #include <linux/freezer.h>
36 #include <linux/cpu.h>
37 #include <linux/delay.h>
38 #include <linux/stat.h>
39 #include <linux/srcu.h>
40 #include <linux/slab.h>
41 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
42 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
43 #include <linux/torture.h>
44 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
45 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
46 #include <linux/sched/sysctl.h>
47 #include <linux/oom.h>
48 #include <linux/tick.h>
49 #include <linux/rcupdate_trace.h>
50 #include <linux/nmi.h>
51 
52 #include "rcu.h"
53 
54 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
55 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
56 
57 /* Bits for ->extendables field, extendables param, and related definitions. */
58 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1	 8	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
59 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1	 (1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1)
60 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2	 9	/* Put SRCU index in upper bits. */
61 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2	 (1 << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2)
62 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH	 0x01	/* Extend readers by disabling bh. */
63 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ	 0x02	/*  ... disabling interrupts. */
64 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT	 0x04	/*  ... disabling preemption. */
65 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH	 0x08	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_bh(). */
66 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED	 0x10	/*  ... rcu_read_lock_sched(). */
67 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1	 0x20	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
68 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2	 0x40	/*  ... entering another RCU reader. */
69 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS	 7	/* Number of bits defined above. */
70 #define RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND	 \
71 	(RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ | RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | \
72 	 RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
73 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS 0x7	/* Maximum reader extensions. */
74 					/* Must be power of two minus one. */
75 #define RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS (RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS + 3)
76 
77 torture_param(int, extendables, RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
78 	      "Extend readers by disabling bh (1), irqs (2), or preempt (4)");
79 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0, "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
80 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
81 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
82 torture_param(int, fwd_progress, 1, "Number of grace-period forward progress tasks (0 to disable)");
83 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_div, 4, "Fraction of CPU stall to wait");
84 torture_param(int, fwd_progress_holdoff, 60, "Time between forward-progress tests (s)");
85 torture_param(bool, fwd_progress_need_resched, 1, "Hide cond_resched() behind need_resched()");
86 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
87 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp, false, "Use conditional/async expedited GP wait primitives");
88 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_full, false, "Use conditional/async full-state GP wait primitives");
89 torture_param(bool, gp_cond_exp_full, false,
90 		    "Use conditional/async full-stateexpedited GP wait primitives");
91 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
92 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false, "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
93 torture_param(bool, gp_poll, false, "Use polling GP wait primitives");
94 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp, false, "Use polling expedited GP wait primitives");
95 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_full, false, "Use polling full-state GP wait primitives");
96 torture_param(bool, gp_poll_exp_full, false, "Use polling full-state expedited GP wait primitives");
97 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
98 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
99 torture_param(int, leakpointer, 0, "Leak pointer dereferences from readers");
100 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0, "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
101 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
102 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
103 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0, "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
104 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
105 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0, "Time between CPU hotplugs (jiffies), 0=disable");
106 torture_param(int, nocbs_nthreads, 0, "Number of NOCB toggle threads, 0 to disable");
107 torture_param(int, nocbs_toggle, 1000, "Time between toggling nocb state (ms)");
108 torture_param(int, read_exit_delay, 13, "Delay between read-then-exit episodes (s)");
109 torture_param(int, read_exit_burst, 16, "# of read-then-exit bursts per episode, zero to disable");
110 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
111 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
112 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
113 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10, "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
114 torture_param(bool, stall_no_softlockup, false, "Avoid softlockup warning during cpu stall.");
115 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_irqsoff, 0, "Disable interrupts while stalling.");
116 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_block, 0, "Sleep while stalling.");
117 torture_param(int, stall_gp_kthread, 0, "Grace-period kthread stall duration (s).");
118 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60, "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
119 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
120 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
121 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4, "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
122 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7, "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
123 torture_param(int, test_nmis, 0, "End-test NMI tests, 0 to disable.");
124 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true, "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
125 torture_param(int, test_srcu_lockdep, 0, "Test specified SRCU deadlock scenario.");
126 torture_param(int, verbose, 1, "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
127 
128 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
129 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
130 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, srcu, ...)");
131 
132 static int nrealnocbers;
133 static int nrealreaders;
134 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
135 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
136 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
137 static struct task_struct **nocb_tasks;
138 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
139 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
140 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
141 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
142 static struct task_struct **fwd_prog_tasks;
143 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
144 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
145 static struct task_struct *read_exit_task;
146 
147 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
148 
149 // Mailbox-like structure to check RCU global memory ordering.
150 struct rcu_torture_reader_check {
151 	unsigned long rtc_myloops;
152 	int rtc_chkrdr;
153 	unsigned long rtc_chkloops;
154 	int rtc_ready;
155 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtc_assigner;
156 } ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
157 
158 // Update-side data structure used to check RCU readers.
159 struct rcu_torture {
160 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
161 	int rtort_pipe_count;
162 	struct list_head rtort_free;
163 	int rtort_mbtest;
164 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtort_chkp;
165 };
166 
167 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
168 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
169 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
170 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
171 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
172 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_count);
173 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1], rcu_torture_batch);
174 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
175 static struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rcu_torture_reader_mbchk;
176 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
177 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
178 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
179 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
180 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail;
181 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries;
182 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
183 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
184 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
185 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
186 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
187 static atomic_long_t n_rcu_torture_timers;
188 static long n_barrier_attempts;
189 static long n_barrier_successes; /* did rcu_barrier test succeed? */
190 static unsigned long n_read_exits;
191 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
192 static unsigned long shutdown_jiffies;
193 static unsigned long start_gp_seq;
194 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_offload;
195 static atomic_long_t n_nocb_deoffload;
196 
197 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
198 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
199 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
200 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
201 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
202 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
203 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
204 #define RTWS_COND_GET_FULL	6
205 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP	7
206 #define RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL	8
207 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		9
208 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL	10
209 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP	11
210 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL	12
211 #define RTWS_POLL_GET		13
212 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL	14
213 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP	15
214 #define RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL	16
215 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT		17
216 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL	18
217 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP	19
218 #define RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL	20
219 #define RTWS_SYNC		21
220 #define RTWS_STUTTER		22
221 #define RTWS_STOPPING		23
222 static const char * const rcu_torture_writer_state_names[] = {
223 	"RTWS_FIXED_DELAY",
224 	"RTWS_DELAY",
225 	"RTWS_REPLACE",
226 	"RTWS_DEF_FREE",
227 	"RTWS_EXP_SYNC",
228 	"RTWS_COND_GET",
229 	"RTWS_COND_GET_FULL",
230 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP",
231 	"RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL",
232 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC",
233 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL",
234 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP",
235 	"RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL",
236 	"RTWS_POLL_GET",
237 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL",
238 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP",
239 	"RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL",
240 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT",
241 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL",
242 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP",
243 	"RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL",
244 	"RTWS_SYNC",
245 	"RTWS_STUTTER",
246 	"RTWS_STOPPING",
247 };
248 
249 /* Record reader segment types and duration for first failing read. */
250 struct rt_read_seg {
251 	int rt_readstate;
252 	unsigned long rt_delay_jiffies;
253 	unsigned long rt_delay_ms;
254 	unsigned long rt_delay_us;
255 	bool rt_preempted;
256 };
257 static int err_segs_recorded;
258 static struct rt_read_seg err_segs[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS];
259 static int rt_read_nsegs;
260 
261 static const char *rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(void)
262 {
263 	unsigned int i = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_writer_state);
264 
265 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names))
266 		return "???";
267 	return rcu_torture_writer_state_names[i];
268 }
269 
270 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
271 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
272 {
273 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
274 
275 	(void)do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
276 	return ts;
277 }
278 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
279 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
280 {
281 	return 0ULL;
282 }
283 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
284 
285 /*
286  * Stop aggressive CPU-hog tests a bit before the end of the test in order
287  * to avoid interfering with test shutdown.
288  */
289 static bool shutdown_time_arrived(void)
290 {
291 	return shutdown_secs && time_after(jiffies, shutdown_jiffies - 30 * HZ);
292 }
293 
294 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
295 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
296 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
297 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
298 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
299 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
300 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
301 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
302 
303 static atomic_t rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay;	/* Short rcu_torture_delay() delays. */
304 
305 /*
306  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
307  */
308 static struct rcu_torture *
309 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
310 {
311 	struct list_head *p;
312 
313 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
314 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
315 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
316 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
317 		return NULL;
318 	}
319 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
320 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
321 	list_del_init(p);
322 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
323 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
324 }
325 
326 /*
327  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
328  */
329 static void
330 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
331 {
332 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
333 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
334 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
335 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
336 }
337 
338 /*
339  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
340  */
341 
342 struct rcu_torture_ops {
343 	int ttype;
344 	void (*init)(void);
345 	void (*cleanup)(void);
346 	int (*readlock)(void);
347 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp,
348 			   struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp);
349 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
350 	int (*readlock_held)(void);
351 	unsigned long (*get_gp_seq)(void);
352 	unsigned long (*gp_diff)(unsigned long new, unsigned long old);
353 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
354 	void (*sync)(void);
355 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
356 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state_exp)(void);
357 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll_exp)(void);
358 	void (*start_gp_poll_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
359 	bool (*poll_gp_state_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
360 	void (*cond_sync_exp)(unsigned long oldstate);
361 	void (*cond_sync_exp_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
362 	unsigned long (*get_comp_state)(void);
363 	void (*get_comp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
364 	bool (*same_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate1, unsigned long oldstate2);
365 	bool (*same_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp1, struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp2);
366 	unsigned long (*get_gp_state)(void);
367 	void (*get_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
368 	unsigned long (*get_gp_completed)(void);
369 	void (*get_gp_completed_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
370 	unsigned long (*start_gp_poll)(void);
371 	void (*start_gp_poll_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
372 	bool (*poll_gp_state)(unsigned long oldstate);
373 	bool (*poll_gp_state_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
374 	bool (*poll_need_2gp)(bool poll, bool poll_full);
375 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
376 	void (*cond_sync_full)(struct rcu_gp_oldstate *rgosp);
377 	call_rcu_func_t call;
378 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
379 	void (*fqs)(void);
380 	void (*stats)(void);
381 	void (*gp_kthread_dbg)(void);
382 	bool (*check_boost_failed)(unsigned long gp_state, int *cpup);
383 	int (*stall_dur)(void);
384 	long cbflood_max;
385 	int irq_capable;
386 	int can_boost;
387 	int extendables;
388 	int slow_gps;
389 	int no_pi_lock;
390 	const char *name;
391 };
392 
393 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
394 
395 /*
396  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
397  */
398 
399 static int torture_readlock_not_held(void)
400 {
401 	return rcu_read_lock_bh_held() || rcu_read_lock_sched_held();
402 }
403 
404 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void)
405 {
406 	rcu_read_lock();
407 	return 0;
408 }
409 
410 static void
411 rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
412 {
413 	unsigned long started;
414 	unsigned long completed;
415 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
416 	unsigned long longdelay_ms = 300;
417 	unsigned long long ts;
418 
419 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
420 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
421 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
422 
423 	if (!atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
424 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms))) {
425 		started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
426 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
427 		if (preempt_count() & (SOFTIRQ_MASK | HARDIRQ_MASK))
428 			longdelay_ms = 5; /* Avoid triggering BH limits. */
429 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
430 		rtrsp->rt_delay_ms = longdelay_ms;
431 		completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
432 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, NULL, ts,
433 					  started, completed);
434 	}
435 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us))) {
436 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
437 		rtrsp->rt_delay_us = shortdelay_us;
438 	}
439 	if (!preempt_count() &&
440 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 500))) {
441 		torture_preempt_schedule();  /* QS only if preemptible. */
442 		rtrsp->rt_preempted = true;
443 	}
444 }
445 
446 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
447 {
448 	rcu_read_unlock();
449 }
450 
451 /*
452  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
453  */
454 static bool
455 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
456 {
457 	int i;
458 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp);
459 
460 	if (rtrcp) {
461 		WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_chkp, NULL);
462 		smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_ready, 1); // Pair with smp_load_acquire().
463 	}
464 	i = READ_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count);
465 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
466 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
467 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
468 	WRITE_ONCE(rp->rtort_pipe_count, i + 1);
469 	if (rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
470 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
471 		return true;
472 	}
473 	return false;
474 }
475 
476 /*
477  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
478  * primitives.
479  */
480 static void
481 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
482 {
483 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
484 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
485 
486 	if (old_rp)
487 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
488 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
489 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
490 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
491 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
492 		}
493 	}
494 }
495 
496 static void
497 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
498 {
499 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
500 
501 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
502 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
503 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
504 		return;
505 	}
506 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
507 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
508 	else
509 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
510 }
511 
512 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
513 {
514 	return 0;
515 }
516 
517 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
518 {
519 	call_rcu_hurry(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
520 }
521 
522 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
523 {
524 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
525 }
526 
527 static bool rcu_poll_need_2gp(bool poll, bool poll_full)
528 {
529 	return poll;
530 }
531 
532 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
533 	.ttype			= RCU_FLAVOR,
534 	.init			= rcu_sync_torture_init,
535 	.readlock		= rcu_torture_read_lock,
536 	.read_delay		= rcu_read_delay,
537 	.readunlock		= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
538 	.readlock_held		= torture_readlock_not_held,
539 	.get_gp_seq		= rcu_get_gp_seq,
540 	.gp_diff		= rcu_seq_diff,
541 	.deferred_free		= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
542 	.sync			= synchronize_rcu,
543 	.exp_sync		= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
544 	.same_gp_state		= same_state_synchronize_rcu,
545 	.same_gp_state_full	= same_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
546 	.get_comp_state		= get_completed_synchronize_rcu,
547 	.get_comp_state_full	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full,
548 	.get_gp_state		= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
549 	.get_gp_state_full	= get_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
550 	.get_gp_completed	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu,
551 	.get_gp_completed_full	= get_completed_synchronize_rcu_full,
552 	.start_gp_poll		= start_poll_synchronize_rcu,
553 	.start_gp_poll_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_full,
554 	.poll_gp_state		= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
555 	.poll_gp_state_full	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu_full,
556 	.poll_need_2gp		= rcu_poll_need_2gp,
557 	.cond_sync		= cond_synchronize_rcu,
558 	.cond_sync_full		= cond_synchronize_rcu_full,
559 	.get_gp_state_exp	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
560 	.start_gp_poll_exp	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
561 	.start_gp_poll_exp_full	= start_poll_synchronize_rcu_expedited_full,
562 	.poll_gp_state_exp	= poll_state_synchronize_rcu,
563 	.cond_sync_exp		= cond_synchronize_rcu_expedited,
564 	.call			= call_rcu_hurry,
565 	.cb_barrier		= rcu_barrier,
566 	.fqs			= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
567 	.stats			= NULL,
568 	.gp_kthread_dbg		= show_rcu_gp_kthreads,
569 	.check_boost_failed	= rcu_check_boost_fail,
570 	.stall_dur		= rcu_jiffies_till_stall_check,
571 	.irq_capable		= 1,
572 	.can_boost		= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST),
573 	.extendables		= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
574 	.name			= "rcu"
575 };
576 
577 /*
578  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
579  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
580  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
581  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
582  * buggy-RCU error messages.
583  */
584 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
585 {
586 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
587 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
588 }
589 
590 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
591 {
592 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
593 }
594 
595 static void
596 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, rcu_callback_t func)
597 {
598 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
599 	func(head);
600 }
601 
602 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
603 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
604 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
605 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
606 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
607 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
608 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
609 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
610 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
611 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
612 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
613 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
614 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
615 	.fqs		= NULL,
616 	.stats		= NULL,
617 	.irq_capable	= 1,
618 	.name		= "busted"
619 };
620 
621 /*
622  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
623  */
624 
625 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
626 static struct srcu_struct srcu_ctld;
627 static struct srcu_struct *srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl;
628 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops;
629 
630 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void)
631 {
632 	if (cur_ops == &srcud_ops)
633 		return srcu_read_lock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp);
634 	else
635 		return srcu_read_lock(srcu_ctlp);
636 }
637 
638 static void
639 srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp, struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
640 {
641 	long delay;
642 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
643 	const long longdelay = 10;
644 
645 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
646 
647 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
648 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
649 	if (!delay && in_task()) {
650 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
651 		rtrsp->rt_delay_jiffies = longdelay;
652 	} else {
653 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp, rtrsp);
654 	}
655 }
656 
657 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
658 {
659 	if (cur_ops == &srcud_ops)
660 		srcu_read_unlock_nmisafe(srcu_ctlp, idx);
661 	else
662 		srcu_read_unlock(srcu_ctlp, idx);
663 }
664 
665 static int torture_srcu_read_lock_held(void)
666 {
667 	return srcu_read_lock_held(srcu_ctlp);
668 }
669 
670 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
671 {
672 	return srcu_batches_completed(srcu_ctlp);
673 }
674 
675 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
676 {
677 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
678 }
679 
680 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
681 {
682 	synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
683 }
684 
685 static unsigned long srcu_torture_get_gp_state(void)
686 {
687 	return get_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
688 }
689 
690 static unsigned long srcu_torture_start_gp_poll(void)
691 {
692 	return start_poll_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp);
693 }
694 
695 static bool srcu_torture_poll_gp_state(unsigned long oldstate)
696 {
697 	return poll_state_synchronize_srcu(srcu_ctlp, oldstate);
698 }
699 
700 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
701 			      rcu_callback_t func)
702 {
703 	call_srcu(srcu_ctlp, head, func);
704 }
705 
706 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
707 {
708 	srcu_barrier(srcu_ctlp);
709 }
710 
711 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
712 {
713 	srcu_torture_stats_print(srcu_ctlp, torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
714 }
715 
716 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
717 {
718 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(srcu_ctlp);
719 }
720 
721 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
722 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
723 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
724 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
725 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
726 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
727 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
728 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
729 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
730 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
731 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
732 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
733 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
734 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
735 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
736 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
737 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
738 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
739 	.irq_capable	= 1,
740 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
741 	.name		= "srcu"
742 };
743 
744 static void srcu_torture_init(void)
745 {
746 	rcu_sync_torture_init();
747 	WARN_ON(init_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld));
748 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctld;
749 }
750 
751 static void srcu_torture_cleanup(void)
752 {
753 	cleanup_srcu_struct(&srcu_ctld);
754 	srcu_ctlp = &srcu_ctl; /* In case of a later rcutorture run. */
755 }
756 
757 /* As above, but dynamically allocated. */
758 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcud_ops = {
759 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
760 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
761 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
762 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
763 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
764 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
765 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
766 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
767 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
768 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
769 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
770 	.get_gp_state	= srcu_torture_get_gp_state,
771 	.start_gp_poll	= srcu_torture_start_gp_poll,
772 	.poll_gp_state	= srcu_torture_poll_gp_state,
773 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
774 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
775 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
776 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
777 	.irq_capable	= 1,
778 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
779 	.name		= "srcud"
780 };
781 
782 /* As above, but broken due to inappropriate reader extension. */
783 static struct rcu_torture_ops busted_srcud_ops = {
784 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
785 	.init		= srcu_torture_init,
786 	.cleanup	= srcu_torture_cleanup,
787 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
788 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
789 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
790 	.readlock_held	= torture_srcu_read_lock_held,
791 	.get_gp_seq	= srcu_torture_completed,
792 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
793 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
794 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
795 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
796 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
797 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
798 	.irq_capable	= 1,
799 	.no_pi_lock	= IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_SRCU),
800 	.extendables	= RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND,
801 	.name		= "busted_srcud"
802 };
803 
804 /*
805  * Definitions for trivial CONFIG_PREEMPT=n-only torture testing.
806  * This implementation does not necessarily work well with CPU hotplug.
807  */
808 
809 static void synchronize_rcu_trivial(void)
810 {
811 	int cpu;
812 
813 	for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
814 		torture_sched_setaffinity(current->pid, cpumask_of(cpu));
815 		WARN_ON_ONCE(raw_smp_processor_id() != cpu);
816 	}
817 }
818 
819 static int rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial(void)
820 {
821 	preempt_disable();
822 	return 0;
823 }
824 
825 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial(int idx)
826 {
827 	preempt_enable();
828 }
829 
830 static struct rcu_torture_ops trivial_ops = {
831 	.ttype		= RCU_TRIVIAL_FLAVOR,
832 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
833 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
834 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
835 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
836 	.readlock_held	= torture_readlock_not_held,
837 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
838 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
839 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_trivial,
840 	.fqs		= NULL,
841 	.stats		= NULL,
842 	.irq_capable	= 1,
843 	.name		= "trivial"
844 };
845 
846 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
847 
848 /*
849  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
850  */
851 
852 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
853 {
854 	return 0;
855 }
856 
857 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
858 {
859 }
860 
861 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
862 {
863 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
864 }
865 
866 static void synchronize_rcu_mult_test(void)
867 {
868 	synchronize_rcu_mult(call_rcu_tasks, call_rcu_hurry);
869 }
870 
871 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
872 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
873 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
874 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
875 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
876 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
877 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
878 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
879 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
880 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_mult_test,
881 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
882 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
883 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_classic_gp_kthread,
884 	.fqs		= NULL,
885 	.stats		= NULL,
886 	.irq_capable	= 1,
887 	.slow_gps	= 1,
888 	.name		= "tasks"
889 };
890 
891 #define TASKS_OPS &tasks_ops,
892 
893 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
894 
895 #define TASKS_OPS
896 
897 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
898 
899 
900 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
901 
902 /*
903  * Definitions for rude RCU-tasks torture testing.
904  */
905 
906 static void rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
907 {
908 	call_rcu_tasks_rude(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
909 }
910 
911 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_rude_ops = {
912 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_RUDE_FLAVOR,
913 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
914 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock_trivial,
915 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
916 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock_trivial,
917 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
918 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_rude_torture_deferred_free,
919 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
920 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_rude,
921 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_rude,
922 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_rude,
923 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_rude_gp_kthread,
924 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
925 	.fqs		= NULL,
926 	.stats		= NULL,
927 	.irq_capable	= 1,
928 	.name		= "tasks-rude"
929 };
930 
931 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS &tasks_rude_ops,
932 
933 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
934 
935 #define TASKS_RUDE_OPS
936 
937 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RUDE_RCU
938 
939 
940 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
941 
942 /*
943  * Definitions for tracing RCU-tasks torture testing.
944  */
945 
946 static int tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock(void)
947 {
948 	rcu_read_lock_trace();
949 	return 0;
950 }
951 
952 static void tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
953 {
954 	rcu_read_unlock_trace();
955 }
956 
957 static void rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
958 {
959 	call_rcu_tasks_trace(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
960 }
961 
962 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_tracing_ops = {
963 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_TRACING_FLAVOR,
964 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
965 	.readlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_lock,
966 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse srcu's version. */
967 	.readunlock	= tasks_tracing_torture_read_unlock,
968 	.readlock_held	= rcu_read_lock_trace_held,
969 	.get_gp_seq	= rcu_no_completed,
970 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_tracing_torture_deferred_free,
971 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
972 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace,
973 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks_trace,
974 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks_trace,
975 	.gp_kthread_dbg	= show_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread,
976 	.cbflood_max	= 50000,
977 	.fqs		= NULL,
978 	.stats		= NULL,
979 	.irq_capable	= 1,
980 	.slow_gps	= 1,
981 	.name		= "tasks-tracing"
982 };
983 
984 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS &tasks_tracing_ops,
985 
986 #else // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
987 
988 #define TASKS_TRACING_OPS
989 
990 #endif // #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
991 
992 
993 static unsigned long rcutorture_seq_diff(unsigned long new, unsigned long old)
994 {
995 	if (!cur_ops->gp_diff)
996 		return new - old;
997 	return cur_ops->gp_diff(new, old);
998 }
999 
1000 /*
1001  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
1002  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly starting grace periods and waiting
1003  * for them to complete.  If a given grace period takes too long, we assume
1004  * that priority inversion has occurred.
1005  */
1006 
1007 static int old_rt_runtime = -1;
1008 
1009 static void rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle(void)
1010 {
1011 	/*
1012 	 * Disable RT throttling so that rcutorture's boost threads don't get
1013 	 * throttled. Only possible if rcutorture is built-in otherwise the
1014 	 * user should manually do this by setting the sched_rt_period_us and
1015 	 * sched_rt_runtime sysctls.
1016 	 */
1017 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime != -1)
1018 		return;
1019 
1020 	old_rt_runtime = sysctl_sched_rt_runtime;
1021 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = -1;
1022 }
1023 
1024 static void rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle(void)
1025 {
1026 	if (!IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST) || old_rt_runtime == -1)
1027 		return;
1028 
1029 	sysctl_sched_rt_runtime = old_rt_runtime;
1030 	old_rt_runtime = -1;
1031 }
1032 
1033 static bool rcu_torture_boost_failed(unsigned long gp_state, unsigned long *start)
1034 {
1035 	int cpu;
1036 	static int dbg_done;
1037 	unsigned long end = jiffies;
1038 	bool gp_done;
1039 	unsigned long j;
1040 	static unsigned long last_persist;
1041 	unsigned long lp;
1042 	unsigned long mininterval = test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2;
1043 
1044 	if (end - *start > mininterval) {
1045 		// Recheck after checking time to avoid false positives.
1046 		smp_mb(); // Time check before grace-period check.
1047 		if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1048 			return false; // passed, though perhaps just barely
1049 		if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, &cpu)) {
1050 			// At most one persisted message per boost test.
1051 			j = jiffies;
1052 			lp = READ_ONCE(last_persist);
1053 			if (time_after(j, lp + mininterval) && cmpxchg(&last_persist, lp, j) == lp)
1054 				pr_info("Boost inversion persisted: No QS from CPU %d\n", cpu);
1055 			return false; // passed on a technicality
1056 		}
1057 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
1058 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
1059 		if (!xchg(&dbg_done, 1) && cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg) {
1060 			pr_info("Boost inversion thread ->rt_priority %u gp_state %lu jiffies %lu\n",
1061 				current->rt_priority, gp_state, end - *start);
1062 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
1063 			// Recheck after print to flag grace period ending during splat.
1064 			gp_done = cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state);
1065 			pr_info("Boost inversion: GP %lu %s.\n", gp_state,
1066 				gp_done ? "ended already" : "still pending");
1067 
1068 		}
1069 
1070 		return true; // failed
1071 	} else if (cur_ops->check_boost_failed && !cur_ops->check_boost_failed(gp_state, NULL)) {
1072 		*start = jiffies;
1073 	}
1074 
1075 	return false; // passed
1076 }
1077 
1078 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
1079 {
1080 	unsigned long endtime;
1081 	unsigned long gp_state;
1082 	unsigned long gp_state_time;
1083 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
1084 
1085 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
1086 
1087 	/* Set real-time priority. */
1088 	sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1089 
1090 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
1091 	do {
1092 		bool failed = false; // Test failed already in this test interval
1093 		bool gp_initiated = false;
1094 
1095 		if (kthread_should_stop())
1096 			goto checkwait;
1097 
1098 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
1099 		oldstarttime = READ_ONCE(boost_starttime);
1100 		while (time_before(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
1101 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
1102 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1103 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1104 			if (torture_must_stop())
1105 				goto checkwait;
1106 		}
1107 
1108 		// Do one boost-test interval.
1109 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
1110 		while (time_before(jiffies, endtime)) {
1111 			// Has current GP gone too long?
1112 			if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1113 				failed = rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1114 			// If we don't have a grace period in flight, start one.
1115 			if (!gp_initiated || cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state)) {
1116 				gp_state = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1117 				gp_initiated = true;
1118 				gp_state_time = jiffies;
1119 			}
1120 			if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost")) {
1121 				sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1122 				// If the grace period already ended,
1123 				// we don't know when that happened, so
1124 				// start over.
1125 				if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1126 					gp_initiated = false;
1127 			}
1128 			if (torture_must_stop())
1129 				goto checkwait;
1130 		}
1131 
1132 		// In case the grace period extended beyond the end of the loop.
1133 		if (gp_initiated && !failed && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_state))
1134 			rcu_torture_boost_failed(gp_state, &gp_state_time);
1135 
1136 		/*
1137 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
1138 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
1139 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
1140 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
1141 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
1142 		 */
1143 		while (oldstarttime == READ_ONCE(boost_starttime) && !kthread_should_stop()) {
1144 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
1145 				if (oldstarttime == boost_starttime) {
1146 					WRITE_ONCE(boost_starttime,
1147 						   jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ);
1148 					n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
1149 				}
1150 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1151 				break;
1152 			}
1153 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1154 		}
1155 
1156 		/* Go do the stutter. */
1157 checkwait:	if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost"))
1158 			sched_set_fifo_low(current);
1159 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1160 
1161 	/* Clean up and exit. */
1162 	while (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1163 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
1164 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
1165 	}
1166 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
1167 	return 0;
1168 }
1169 
1170 /*
1171  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
1172  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
1173  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
1174  */
1175 static int
1176 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
1177 {
1178 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
1179 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
1180 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1181 
1182 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
1183 	do {
1184 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
1185 		while (time_before(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
1186 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1187 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
1188 		}
1189 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
1190 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
1191 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
1192 			cur_ops->fqs();
1193 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
1194 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
1195 		}
1196 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs"))
1197 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1198 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1199 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
1200 	return 0;
1201 }
1202 
1203 // Used by writers to randomly choose from the available grace-period primitives.
1204 static int synctype[ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_torture_writer_state_names)] = { };
1205 static int nsynctypes;
1206 
1207 /*
1208  * Determine which grace-period primitives are available.
1209  */
1210 static void rcu_torture_write_types(void)
1211 {
1212 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_cond_exp1 = gp_cond_exp, gp_cond_full1 = gp_cond_full;
1213 	bool gp_cond_exp_full1 = gp_cond_exp_full, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_poll_exp1 = gp_poll_exp;
1214 	bool gp_poll_exp_full1 = gp_poll_exp_full, gp_normal1 = gp_normal, gp_poll1 = gp_poll;
1215 	bool gp_poll_full1 = gp_poll_full, gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
1216 
1217 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
1218 	if (!gp_cond1 &&
1219 	    !gp_cond_exp1 &&
1220 	    !gp_cond_full1 &&
1221 	    !gp_cond_exp_full1 &&
1222 	    !gp_exp1 &&
1223 	    !gp_poll_exp1 &&
1224 	    !gp_poll_exp_full1 &&
1225 	    !gp_normal1 &&
1226 	    !gp_poll1 &&
1227 	    !gp_poll_full1 &&
1228 	    !gp_sync1) {
1229 		gp_cond1 = true;
1230 		gp_cond_exp1 = true;
1231 		gp_cond_full1 = true;
1232 		gp_cond_exp_full1 = true;
1233 		gp_exp1 = true;
1234 		gp_poll_exp1 = true;
1235 		gp_poll_exp_full1 = true;
1236 		gp_normal1 = true;
1237 		gp_poll1 = true;
1238 		gp_poll_full1 = true;
1239 		gp_sync1 = true;
1240 	}
1241 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync) {
1242 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
1243 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional GPs.\n", __func__);
1244 	} else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync)) {
1245 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond without primitives.\n", __func__);
1246 	}
1247 	if (gp_cond_exp1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp) {
1248 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1249 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1250 	} else if (gp_cond_exp && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp)) {
1251 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1252 	}
1253 	if (gp_cond_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->cond_sync_full) {
1254 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1255 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1256 	} else if (gp_cond_full && (!cur_ops->get_gp_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync_full)) {
1257 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1258 	}
1259 	if (gp_cond_exp_full1 && cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp && cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full) {
1260 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1261 		pr_info("%s: Testing conditional full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1262 	} else if (gp_cond_exp_full &&
1263 		   (!cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp || !cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full)) {
1264 		pr_alert("%s: gp_cond_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1265 	}
1266 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1267 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1268 		pr_info("%s: Testing expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1269 	} else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync) {
1270 		pr_alert("%s: gp_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1271 	}
1272 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1273 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1274 		pr_info("%s: Testing asynchronous GPs.\n", __func__);
1275 	} else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free) {
1276 		pr_alert("%s: gp_normal without primitives.\n", __func__);
1277 	}
1278 	if (gp_poll1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state && cur_ops->same_gp_state &&
1279 	    cur_ops->start_gp_poll && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1280 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1281 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling GPs.\n", __func__);
1282 	} else if (gp_poll && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)) {
1283 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll without primitives.\n", __func__);
1284 	}
1285 	if (gp_poll_full1 && cur_ops->get_comp_state_full && cur_ops->same_gp_state_full
1286 	    && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1287 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1288 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state GPs.\n", __func__);
1289 	} else if (gp_poll_full && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1290 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1291 	}
1292 	if (gp_poll_exp1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp) {
1293 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1294 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1295 	} else if (gp_poll_exp && (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp)) {
1296 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp without primitives.\n", __func__);
1297 	}
1298 	if (gp_poll_exp_full1 && cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1299 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1300 		pr_info("%s: Testing polling full-state expedited GPs.\n", __func__);
1301 	} else if (gp_poll_exp_full &&
1302 		   (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)) {
1303 		pr_alert("%s: gp_poll_exp_full without primitives.\n", __func__);
1304 	}
1305 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync) {
1306 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
1307 		pr_info("%s: Testing normal GPs.\n", __func__);
1308 	} else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync) {
1309 		pr_alert("%s: gp_sync without primitives.\n", __func__);
1310 	}
1311 }
1312 
1313 /*
1314  * Do the specified rcu_torture_writer() synchronous grace period,
1315  * while also testing out the polled APIs.  Note well that the single-CPU
1316  * grace-period optimizations must be accounted for.
1317  */
1318 static void do_rtws_sync(struct torture_random_state *trsp, void (*sync)(void))
1319 {
1320 	unsigned long cookie;
1321 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1322 	bool dopoll;
1323 	bool dopoll_full;
1324 	unsigned long r = torture_random(trsp);
1325 
1326 	dopoll = cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state && !(r & 0x300);
1327 	dopoll_full = cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full && !(r & 0xc00);
1328 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1329 		cpus_read_lock();
1330 	if (dopoll)
1331 		cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1332 	if (dopoll_full)
1333 		cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1334 	if (cur_ops->poll_need_2gp && cur_ops->poll_need_2gp(dopoll, dopoll_full))
1335 		sync();
1336 	sync();
1337 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1338 		  "%s: Cookie check 3 failed %pS() online %*pbl.",
1339 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1340 	WARN_ONCE(dopoll_full && !cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1341 		  "%s: Cookie check 4 failed %pS() online %*pbl",
1342 		  __func__, sync, cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1343 	if (dopoll || dopoll_full)
1344 		cpus_read_unlock();
1345 }
1346 
1347 /*
1348  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
1349  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
1350  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
1351  */
1352 static int
1353 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
1354 {
1355 	bool boot_ended;
1356 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() && !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1357 	unsigned long cookie;
1358 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1359 	int expediting = 0;
1360 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1361 	unsigned long gp_snap1;
1362 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1363 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap1_full;
1364 	int i;
1365 	int idx;
1366 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
1367 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate rgo[NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_FULL_OLDSTATE];
1368 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
1369 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
1370 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1371 	unsigned long stallsdone = jiffies;
1372 	bool stutter_waited;
1373 	unsigned long ulo[NUM_ACTIVE_RCU_POLL_OLDSTATE];
1374 
1375 	// If a new stall test is added, this must be adjusted.
1376 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff + stall_gp_kthread + stall_cpu)
1377 		stallsdone += (stall_cpu_holdoff + stall_gp_kthread + stall_cpu + 60) * HZ;
1378 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
1379 	if (!can_expedite)
1380 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1381 			 " GP expediting controlled from boot/sysfs for %s.\n",
1382 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1383 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1384 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1385 		/*
1386 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1387 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1388 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1389 		 */
1390 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1391 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1392 		return 0;
1393 	}
1394 
1395 	do {
1396 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
1397 		torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
1398 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
1399 		if (rp == NULL)
1400 			continue;
1401 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
1402 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
1403 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
1404 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
1405 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1406 					       current == writer_task);
1407 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
1408 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
1409 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
1410 		if (old_rp) {
1411 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
1412 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
1413 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1414 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
1415 			WRITE_ONCE(old_rp->rtort_pipe_count,
1416 				   old_rp->rtort_pipe_count + 1);
1417 
1418 			// Make sure readers block polled grace periods.
1419 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state) {
1420 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1421 				cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1422 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
1423 					  "%s: Cookie check 1 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
1424 					  __func__,
1425 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1426 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1427 					  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
1428 				if (cur_ops->get_gp_completed) {
1429 					cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_completed();
1430 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie));
1431 				}
1432 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1433 			}
1434 			if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full) {
1435 				idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1436 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1437 				WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
1438 					  "%s: Cookie check 5 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
1439 					  __func__,
1440 					  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
1441 					  rcu_torture_writer_state,
1442 					  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
1443 				if (cur_ops->get_gp_completed_full) {
1444 					cur_ops->get_gp_completed_full(&cookie_full);
1445 					WARN_ON_ONCE(!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full));
1446 				}
1447 				cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1448 			}
1449 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1450 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1451 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
1452 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
1453 				break;
1454 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1455 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
1456 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->exp_sync);
1457 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1458 				break;
1459 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1460 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
1461 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1462 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1463 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
1464 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1465 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1466 				break;
1467 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1468 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP;
1469 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1470 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1471 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP;
1472 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1473 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1474 				break;
1475 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1476 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_FULL;
1477 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1478 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1479 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_FULL;
1480 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1481 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1482 				break;
1483 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1484 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL;
1485 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1486 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1487 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC_EXP_FULL;
1488 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1489 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1490 				break;
1491 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1492 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET;
1493 				for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ulo); i++)
1494 					ulo[i] = cur_ops->get_comp_state();
1495 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1496 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT;
1497 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1498 					gp_snap1 = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1499 					for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(ulo); i++)
1500 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state(ulo[i]) ||
1501 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state(ulo[i], gp_snap1)) {
1502 							ulo[i] = gp_snap1;
1503 							break;
1504 						}
1505 					WARN_ON_ONCE(i >= ARRAY_SIZE(ulo));
1506 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1507 								  &rand);
1508 				}
1509 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1510 				break;
1511 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1512 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL;
1513 				for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rgo); i++)
1514 					cur_ops->get_comp_state_full(&rgo[i]);
1515 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1516 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_FULL;
1517 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1518 					cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap1_full);
1519 					for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rgo); i++)
1520 						if (cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&rgo[i]) ||
1521 						    cur_ops->same_gp_state_full(&rgo[i],
1522 										&gp_snap1_full)) {
1523 							rgo[i] = gp_snap1_full;
1524 							break;
1525 						}
1526 					WARN_ON_ONCE(i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rgo));
1527 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1528 								  &rand);
1529 				}
1530 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1531 				break;
1532 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1533 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP;
1534 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1535 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP;
1536 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap))
1537 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1538 								  &rand);
1539 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1540 				break;
1541 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1542 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL;
1543 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1544 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_POLL_WAIT_EXP_FULL;
1545 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full))
1546 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1547 								  &rand);
1548 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1549 				break;
1550 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1551 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
1552 				do_rtws_sync(&rand, cur_ops->sync);
1553 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
1554 				break;
1555 			default:
1556 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1557 				break;
1558 			}
1559 		}
1560 		WRITE_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version,
1561 			   rcu_torture_current_version + 1);
1562 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
1563 		if (can_expedite &&
1564 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
1565 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1566 			if (expediting >= 0)
1567 				rcu_expedite_gp();
1568 			else
1569 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1570 			if (++expediting > 3)
1571 				expediting = -expediting;
1572 		} else if (!can_expedite) { /* Disabled during boot, recheck. */
1573 			can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited() &&
1574 				       !rcu_gp_is_normal();
1575 		}
1576 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
1577 		boot_ended = rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended();
1578 		stutter_waited = stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
1579 		if (stutter_waited &&
1580 		    !atomic_read(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay) &&
1581 		    !cur_ops->slow_gps &&
1582 		    !torture_must_stop() &&
1583 		    boot_ended &&
1584 		    time_after(jiffies, stallsdone))
1585 			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++)
1586 				if (list_empty(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free) &&
1587 				    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) != &rcu_tortures[i]) {
1588 					tracing_off();
1589 					show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1590 					WARN(1, "%s: rtort_pipe_count: %d\n", __func__, rcu_tortures[i].rtort_pipe_count);
1591 					rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1592 				}
1593 		if (stutter_waited)
1594 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
1595 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1596 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;  // Let stats task know that we are done.
1597 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
1598 	if (expediting > 0)
1599 		expediting = -expediting;
1600 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
1601 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
1602 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
1603 	if (!can_expedite)
1604 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1605 			 " Dynamic grace-period expediting was disabled.\n",
1606 			 torture_type);
1607 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
1608 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
1609 	return 0;
1610 }
1611 
1612 /*
1613  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
1614  * delay between calls.
1615  */
1616 static int
1617 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
1618 {
1619 	unsigned long gp_snap;
1620 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate gp_snap_full;
1621 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1622 
1623 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
1624 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1625 
1626 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
1627 		      "%s: No update-side primitives.\n", __func__)) {
1628 		/*
1629 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
1630 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
1631 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
1632 		 */
1633 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1634 		return 0;
1635 	}
1636 
1637 	do {
1638 		torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 10, &rand);
1639 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1640 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1641 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1642 		} else {
1643 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
1644 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
1645 				break;
1646 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
1647 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1648 				break;
1649 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
1650 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1651 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1652 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
1653 				break;
1654 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP:
1655 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_gp_state_exp();
1656 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1657 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp(gp_snap);
1658 				break;
1659 			case RTWS_COND_GET_FULL:
1660 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1661 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1662 				cur_ops->cond_sync_full(&gp_snap_full);
1663 				break;
1664 			case RTWS_COND_GET_EXP_FULL:
1665 				cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full);
1666 				torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16, &rand);
1667 				cur_ops->cond_sync_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1668 				break;
1669 			case RTWS_POLL_GET:
1670 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll();
1671 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state(gp_snap)) {
1672 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1673 								  &rand);
1674 				}
1675 				break;
1676 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_FULL:
1677 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_full(&gp_snap_full);
1678 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1679 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1680 								  &rand);
1681 				}
1682 				break;
1683 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP:
1684 				gp_snap = cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp();
1685 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_exp(gp_snap)) {
1686 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1687 								  &rand);
1688 				}
1689 				break;
1690 			case RTWS_POLL_GET_EXP_FULL:
1691 				cur_ops->start_gp_poll_exp_full(&gp_snap_full);
1692 				while (!cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&gp_snap_full)) {
1693 					torture_hrtimeout_jiffies(torture_random(&rand) % 16,
1694 								  &rand);
1695 				}
1696 				break;
1697 			case RTWS_SYNC:
1698 				cur_ops->sync();
1699 				break;
1700 			default:
1701 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1702 				break;
1703 			}
1704 		}
1705 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1706 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1707 
1708 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1709 	return 0;
1710 }
1711 
1712 static void rcu_torture_timer_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1713 {
1714 	kfree(rhp);
1715 }
1716 
1717 // Set up and carry out testing of RCU's global memory ordering
1718 static void rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(long myid, struct rcu_torture *rtp,
1719 					struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1720 {
1721 	unsigned long loops;
1722 	int noc = torture_num_online_cpus();
1723 	int rdrchked;
1724 	int rdrchker;
1725 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp; // Me.
1726 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_assigner; // Assigned us to do checking.
1727 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chked; // Reader being checked.
1728 	struct rcu_torture_reader_check *rtrcp_chker; // Reader doing checking when not me.
1729 
1730 	if (myid < 0)
1731 		return; // Don't try this from timer handlers.
1732 
1733 	// Increment my counter.
1734 	rtrcp = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[myid];
1735 	WRITE_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_myloops, rtrcp->rtc_myloops + 1);
1736 
1737 	// Attempt to assign someone else some checking work.
1738 	rdrchked = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1739 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1740 	rdrchker = torture_random(trsp) % nrealreaders;
1741 	rtrcp_chker = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchker];
1742 	if (rdrchked != myid && rdrchked != rdrchker && noc >= rdrchked && noc >= rdrchker &&
1743 	    smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr) < 0 && // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1744 	    !READ_ONCE(rtp->rtort_chkp) &&
1745 	    !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner)) { // Pairs with smp_store_release below.
1746 		rtrcp->rtc_chkloops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1747 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr >= 0);
1748 		rtrcp->rtc_chkrdr = rdrchked;
1749 		WARN_ON_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_ready); // This gets set after the grace period ends.
1750 		if (cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, NULL, rtrcp) ||
1751 		    cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtp->rtort_chkp, NULL, rtrcp))
1752 			(void)cmpxchg_relaxed(&rtrcp_chker->rtc_assigner, rtrcp, NULL); // Back out.
1753 	}
1754 
1755 	// If assigned some completed work, do it!
1756 	rtrcp_assigner = READ_ONCE(rtrcp->rtc_assigner);
1757 	if (!rtrcp_assigner || !smp_load_acquire(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready))
1758 		return; // No work or work not yet ready.
1759 	rdrchked = rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr;
1760 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(rdrchked < 0))
1761 		return;
1762 	rtrcp_chked = &rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[rdrchked];
1763 	loops = READ_ONCE(rtrcp_chked->rtc_myloops);
1764 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries);
1765 	if (ULONG_CMP_LT(loops, rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops))
1766 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail);
1767 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkloops = loops + ULONG_MAX / 2;
1768 	rtrcp_assigner->rtc_ready = 0;
1769 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp->rtc_assigner, NULL); // Someone else can assign us work.
1770 	smp_store_release(&rtrcp_assigner->rtc_chkrdr, -1); // Assigner can again assign.
1771 }
1772 
1773 /*
1774  * Do one extension of an RCU read-side critical section using the
1775  * current reader state in readstate (set to zero for initial entry
1776  * to extended critical section), set the new state as specified by
1777  * newstate (set to zero for final exit from extended critical section),
1778  * and random-number-generator state in trsp.  If this is neither the
1779  * beginning or end of the critical section and if there was actually a
1780  * change, do a ->read_delay().
1781  */
1782 static void rcutorture_one_extend(int *readstate, int newstate,
1783 				  struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1784 				  struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1785 {
1786 	unsigned long flags;
1787 	int idxnew1 = -1;
1788 	int idxnew2 = -1;
1789 	int idxold1 = *readstate;
1790 	int idxold2 = idxold1;
1791 	int statesnew = ~*readstate & newstate;
1792 	int statesold = *readstate & ~newstate;
1793 
1794 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxold2 < 0);
1795 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxold2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1);
1796 	rtrsp->rt_readstate = newstate;
1797 
1798 	/* First, put new protection in place to avoid critical-section gap. */
1799 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1800 		local_bh_disable();
1801 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1802 		rcu_read_lock_bh();
1803 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1804 		local_irq_disable();
1805 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1806 		preempt_disable();
1807 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1808 		rcu_read_lock_sched();
1809 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
1810 		idxnew1 = (cur_ops->readlock() & 0x1) << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1;
1811 	if (statesnew & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)
1812 		idxnew2 = (cur_ops->readlock() & 0x1) << RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2;
1813 
1814 	/*
1815 	 * Next, remove old protection, in decreasing order of strength
1816 	 * to avoid unlock paths that aren't safe in the stronger
1817 	 * context. Namely: BH can not be enabled with disabled interrupts.
1818 	 * Additionally PREEMPT_RT requires that BH is enabled in preemptible
1819 	 * context.
1820 	 */
1821 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1822 		local_irq_enable();
1823 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT)
1824 		preempt_enable();
1825 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED)
1826 		rcu_read_unlock_sched();
1827 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH)
1828 		local_bh_enable();
1829 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH)
1830 		rcu_read_unlock_bh();
1831 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2) {
1832 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) & 0x1);
1833 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 != -1);
1834 		idxold2 = 0;
1835 	}
1836 	if (statesold & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) {
1837 		bool lockit;
1838 
1839 		lockit = !cur_ops->no_pi_lock && !statesnew && !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xffff);
1840 		if (lockit)
1841 			raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1842 		cur_ops->readunlock((idxold1 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) & 0x1);
1843 		WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 != -1);
1844 		idxold1 = 0;
1845 		if (lockit)
1846 			raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&current->pi_lock, flags);
1847 	}
1848 
1849 	/* Delay if neither beginning nor end and there was a change. */
1850 	if ((statesnew || statesold) && *readstate && newstate)
1851 		cur_ops->read_delay(trsp, rtrsp);
1852 
1853 	/* Update the reader state. */
1854 	if (idxnew1 == -1)
1855 		idxnew1 = idxold1 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_1;
1856 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew1 < 0);
1857 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew1 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1) > 1))
1858 		pr_info("Unexpected idxnew1 value of %#x\n", idxnew1);
1859 	if (idxnew2 == -1)
1860 		idxnew2 = idxold2 & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MASK_2;
1861 	WARN_ON_ONCE(idxnew2 < 0);
1862 	WARN_ON_ONCE((idxnew2 >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1);
1863 	*readstate = idxnew1 | idxnew2 | newstate;
1864 	WARN_ON_ONCE(*readstate < 0);
1865 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE((*readstate >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_2) > 1))
1866 		pr_info("Unexpected idxnew2 value of %#x\n", idxnew2);
1867 }
1868 
1869 /* Return the biggest extendables mask given current RCU and boot parameters. */
1870 static int rcutorture_extend_mask_max(void)
1871 {
1872 	int mask;
1873 
1874 	WARN_ON_ONCE(extendables & ~RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND);
1875 	mask = extendables & RCUTORTURE_MAX_EXTEND & cur_ops->extendables;
1876 	mask = mask | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1 | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
1877 	return mask;
1878 }
1879 
1880 /* Return a random protection state mask, but with at least one bit set. */
1881 static int
1882 rcutorture_extend_mask(int oldmask, struct torture_random_state *trsp)
1883 {
1884 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1885 	unsigned long randmask1 = torture_random(trsp);
1886 	unsigned long randmask2 = randmask1 >> 3;
1887 	unsigned long preempts = RCUTORTURE_RDR_PREEMPT | RCUTORTURE_RDR_SCHED;
1888 	unsigned long preempts_irq = preempts | RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ;
1889 	unsigned long bhs = RCUTORTURE_RDR_BH | RCUTORTURE_RDR_RBH;
1890 
1891 	WARN_ON_ONCE(mask >> RCUTORTURE_RDR_SHIFT_1);
1892 	/* Mostly only one bit (need preemption!), sometimes lots of bits. */
1893 	if (!(randmask1 & 0x7))
1894 		mask = mask & randmask2;
1895 	else
1896 		mask = mask & (1 << (randmask2 % RCUTORTURE_RDR_NBITS));
1897 
1898 	// Can't have nested RCU reader without outer RCU reader.
1899 	if (!(mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1) && (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2)) {
1900 		if (oldmask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1)
1901 			mask &= ~RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_2;
1902 		else
1903 			mask |= RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
1904 	}
1905 
1906 	/*
1907 	 * Can't enable bh w/irq disabled.
1908 	 */
1909 	if (mask & RCUTORTURE_RDR_IRQ)
1910 		mask |= oldmask & bhs;
1911 
1912 	/*
1913 	 * Ideally these sequences would be detected in debug builds
1914 	 * (regardless of RT), but until then don't stop testing
1915 	 * them on non-RT.
1916 	 */
1917 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT)) {
1918 		/* Can't modify BH in atomic context */
1919 		if (oldmask & preempts_irq)
1920 			mask &= ~bhs;
1921 		if ((oldmask | mask) & preempts_irq)
1922 			mask |= oldmask & bhs;
1923 	}
1924 
1925 	return mask ?: RCUTORTURE_RDR_RCU_1;
1926 }
1927 
1928 /*
1929  * Do a randomly selected number of extensions of an existing RCU read-side
1930  * critical section.
1931  */
1932 static struct rt_read_seg *
1933 rcutorture_loop_extend(int *readstate, struct torture_random_state *trsp,
1934 		       struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp)
1935 {
1936 	int i;
1937 	int j;
1938 	int mask = rcutorture_extend_mask_max();
1939 
1940 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!*readstate); /* -Existing- RCU read-side critsect! */
1941 	if (!((mask - 1) & mask))
1942 		return rtrsp;  /* Current RCU reader not extendable. */
1943 	/* Bias towards larger numbers of loops. */
1944 	i = torture_random(trsp);
1945 	i = ((i | (i >> 3)) & RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_LOOPS) + 1;
1946 	for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
1947 		mask = rcutorture_extend_mask(*readstate, trsp);
1948 		rcutorture_one_extend(readstate, mask, trsp, &rtrsp[j]);
1949 	}
1950 	return &rtrsp[j];
1951 }
1952 
1953 /*
1954  * Do one read-side critical section, returning false if there was
1955  * no data to read.  Can be invoked both from process context and
1956  * from a timer handler.
1957  */
1958 static bool rcu_torture_one_read(struct torture_random_state *trsp, long myid)
1959 {
1960 	bool checkpolling = !(torture_random(trsp) & 0xfff);
1961 	unsigned long cookie;
1962 	struct rcu_gp_oldstate cookie_full;
1963 	int i;
1964 	unsigned long started;
1965 	unsigned long completed;
1966 	int newstate;
1967 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1968 	int pipe_count;
1969 	int readstate = 0;
1970 	struct rt_read_seg rtseg[RCUTORTURE_RDR_MAX_SEGS] = { { 0 } };
1971 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp = &rtseg[0];
1972 	struct rt_read_seg *rtrsp1;
1973 	unsigned long long ts;
1974 
1975 	WARN_ON_ONCE(!rcu_is_watching());
1976 	newstate = rcutorture_extend_mask(readstate, trsp);
1977 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, newstate, trsp, rtrsp++);
1978 	if (checkpolling) {
1979 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
1980 			cookie = cur_ops->get_gp_state();
1981 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
1982 			cur_ops->get_gp_state_full(&cookie_full);
1983 	}
1984 	started = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
1985 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1986 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1987 				  !cur_ops->readlock_held || cur_ops->readlock_held());
1988 	if (p == NULL) {
1989 		/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1990 		rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
1991 		return false;
1992 	}
1993 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1994 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1995 	rcu_torture_reader_do_mbchk(myid, p, trsp);
1996 	rtrsp = rcutorture_loop_extend(&readstate, trsp, rtrsp);
1997 	preempt_disable();
1998 	pipe_count = READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count);
1999 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
2000 		/* Should not happen, but... */
2001 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
2002 	}
2003 	completed = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2004 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
2005 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
2006 					  ts, started, completed);
2007 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2008 	}
2009 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
2010 	completed = rcutorture_seq_diff(completed, started);
2011 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
2012 		/* Should not happen, but... */
2013 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
2014 	}
2015 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
2016 	preempt_enable();
2017 	if (checkpolling) {
2018 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state && cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
2019 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state(cookie),
2020 				  "%s: Cookie check 2 failed %s(%d) %lu->%lu\n",
2021 				  __func__,
2022 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2023 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2024 				  cookie, cur_ops->get_gp_state());
2025 		if (cur_ops->get_gp_state_full && cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full)
2026 			WARN_ONCE(cur_ops->poll_gp_state_full(&cookie_full),
2027 				  "%s: Cookie check 6 failed %s(%d) online %*pbl\n",
2028 				  __func__,
2029 				  rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2030 				  rcu_torture_writer_state,
2031 				  cpumask_pr_args(cpu_online_mask));
2032 	}
2033 	rcutorture_one_extend(&readstate, 0, trsp, rtrsp);
2034 	WARN_ON_ONCE(readstate);
2035 	// This next splat is expected behavior if leakpointer, especially
2036 	// for CONFIG_RCU_STRICT_GRACE_PERIOD=y kernels.
2037 	WARN_ON_ONCE(leakpointer && READ_ONCE(p->rtort_pipe_count) > 1);
2038 
2039 	/* If error or close call, record the sequence of reader protections. */
2040 	if ((pipe_count > 1 || completed > 1) && !xchg(&err_segs_recorded, 1)) {
2041 		i = 0;
2042 		for (rtrsp1 = &rtseg[0]; rtrsp1 < rtrsp; rtrsp1++)
2043 			err_segs[i++] = *rtrsp1;
2044 		rt_read_nsegs = i;
2045 	}
2046 
2047 	return true;
2048 }
2049 
2050 static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM_PERCPU(rcu_torture_timer_rand);
2051 
2052 /*
2053  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2054  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2055  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2056  * RCU implementation is broken.
2057  */
2058 static void rcu_torture_timer(struct timer_list *unused)
2059 {
2060 	atomic_long_inc(&n_rcu_torture_timers);
2061 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(this_cpu_ptr(&rcu_torture_timer_rand), -1);
2062 
2063 	/* Test call_rcu() invocation from interrupt handler. */
2064 	if (cur_ops->call) {
2065 		struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_NOWAIT);
2066 
2067 		if (rhp)
2068 			cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_timer_cb);
2069 	}
2070 }
2071 
2072 /*
2073  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
2074  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
2075  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
2076  * RCU implementation is broken.
2077  */
2078 static int
2079 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
2080 {
2081 	unsigned long lastsleep = jiffies;
2082 	long myid = (long)arg;
2083 	int mynumonline = myid;
2084 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2085 	struct timer_list t;
2086 
2087 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
2088 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2089 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
2090 		timer_setup_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
2091 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2092 	do {
2093 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2094 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
2095 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
2096 		}
2097 		if (!rcu_torture_one_read(&rand, myid) && !torture_must_stop())
2098 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
2099 		if (time_after(jiffies, lastsleep) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2100 			torture_hrtimeout_us(500, 1000, &rand);
2101 			lastsleep = jiffies + 10;
2102 		}
2103 		while (torture_num_online_cpus() < mynumonline && !torture_must_stop())
2104 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 5);
2105 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
2106 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2107 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
2108 		del_timer_sync(&t);
2109 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
2110 	}
2111 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2112 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
2113 	return 0;
2114 }
2115 
2116 /*
2117  * Randomly Toggle CPUs' callback-offload state.  This uses hrtimers to
2118  * increase race probabilities and fuzzes the interval between toggling.
2119  */
2120 static int rcu_nocb_toggle(void *arg)
2121 {
2122 	int cpu;
2123 	int maxcpu = -1;
2124 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2125 	long r;
2126 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
2127 	ktime_t toggle_delay;
2128 	unsigned long toggle_fuzz;
2129 	ktime_t toggle_interval = ms_to_ktime(nocbs_toggle);
2130 
2131 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_nocb_toggle task started");
2132 	while (!rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended())
2133 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
2134 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
2135 		maxcpu = cpu;
2136 	WARN_ON(maxcpu < 0);
2137 	if (toggle_interval > ULONG_MAX)
2138 		toggle_fuzz = ULONG_MAX >> 3;
2139 	else
2140 		toggle_fuzz = toggle_interval >> 3;
2141 	if (toggle_fuzz <= 0)
2142 		toggle_fuzz = NSEC_PER_USEC;
2143 	do {
2144 		r = torture_random(&rand);
2145 		cpu = (r >> 1) % (maxcpu + 1);
2146 		if (r & 0x1) {
2147 			rcu_nocb_cpu_offload(cpu);
2148 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_offload);
2149 		} else {
2150 			rcu_nocb_cpu_deoffload(cpu);
2151 			atomic_long_inc(&n_nocb_deoffload);
2152 		}
2153 		toggle_delay = torture_random(&rand) % toggle_fuzz + toggle_interval;
2154 		set_current_state(TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
2155 		schedule_hrtimeout(&toggle_delay, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
2156 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_nocb_toggle"))
2157 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2158 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2159 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_nocb_toggle");
2160 	return 0;
2161 }
2162 
2163 /*
2164  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
2165  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
2166  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
2167  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
2168  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
2169  * thread is not running).
2170  */
2171 static void
2172 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
2173 {
2174 	int cpu;
2175 	int i;
2176 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2177 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
2178 	struct rcu_torture *rtcp;
2179 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
2180 	static bool splatted;
2181 	struct task_struct *wtp;
2182 
2183 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
2184 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2185 			pipesummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i]);
2186 			batchsummary[i] += READ_ONCE(per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i]);
2187 		}
2188 	}
2189 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN; i >= 0; i--) {
2190 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
2191 			break;
2192 	}
2193 
2194 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2195 	rtcp = rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current);
2196 	pr_cont("rtc: %p %s: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
2197 		rtcp,
2198 		rtcp && !rcu_stall_is_suppressed_at_boot() ? "ver" : "VER",
2199 		rcu_torture_current_version,
2200 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
2201 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
2202 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
2203 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
2204 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtmbkf: %d/%d rtbe: %ld rtbke: %ld ",
2205 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
2206 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail), atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries),
2207 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error,
2208 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror);
2209 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
2210 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
2211 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
2212 		atomic_long_read(&n_rcu_torture_timers));
2213 	torture_onoff_stats();
2214 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
2215 		data_race(n_barrier_successes),
2216 		data_race(n_barrier_attempts),
2217 		data_race(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error));
2218 	pr_cont("read-exits: %ld ", data_race(n_read_exits)); // Statistic.
2219 	pr_cont("nocb-toggles: %ld:%ld\n",
2220 		atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_offload), atomic_long_read(&n_nocb_deoffload));
2221 
2222 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2223 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) ||
2224 	    atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail) ||
2225 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error || n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror ||
2226 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure || i > 1) {
2227 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
2228 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
2229 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror));
2230 		WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail));
2231 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);  // rcu_barrier()
2232 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror); // no boost kthread
2233 		WARN_ON_ONCE(n_rcu_torture_boost_failure); // boost failed (TIMER_SOFTIRQ RT prio?)
2234 		WARN_ON_ONCE(i > 1); // Too-short grace period
2235 	}
2236 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
2237 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2238 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
2239 	pr_cont("\n");
2240 
2241 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2242 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
2243 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
2244 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
2245 	pr_cont("\n");
2246 
2247 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
2248 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
2249 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
2250 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
2251 	}
2252 	pr_cont("\n");
2253 
2254 	if (cur_ops->stats)
2255 		cur_ops->stats();
2256 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
2257 	    rcu_access_pointer(rcu_torture_current) &&
2258 	    !rcu_stall_is_suppressed()) {
2259 		int __maybe_unused flags = 0;
2260 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gp_seq = 0;
2261 
2262 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
2263 				       &flags, &gp_seq);
2264 		srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp,
2265 					&flags, &gp_seq);
2266 		wtp = READ_ONCE(writer_task);
2267 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %s(%d) g%lu f%#x ->state %#x cpu %d\n",
2268 			 rcu_torture_writer_state_getname(),
2269 			 rcu_torture_writer_state, gp_seq, flags,
2270 			 wtp == NULL ? ~0U : wtp->__state,
2271 			 wtp == NULL ? -1 : (int)task_cpu(wtp));
2272 		if (!splatted && wtp) {
2273 			sched_show_task(wtp);
2274 			splatted = true;
2275 		}
2276 		if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
2277 			cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
2278 		rcu_ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
2279 	}
2280 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
2281 }
2282 
2283 /*
2284  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
2285  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
2286  */
2287 static int
2288 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
2289 {
2290 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
2291 	do {
2292 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
2293 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
2294 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
2295 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2296 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
2297 	return 0;
2298 }
2299 
2300 /* Test mem_dump_obj() and friends.  */
2301 static void rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj(void)
2302 {
2303 	struct rcu_head *rhp;
2304 	struct kmem_cache *kcp;
2305 	static int z;
2306 
2307 	kcp = kmem_cache_create("rcuscale", 136, 8, SLAB_STORE_USER, NULL);
2308 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!kcp))
2309 		return;
2310 	rhp = kmem_cache_alloc(kcp, GFP_KERNEL);
2311 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp)) {
2312 		kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2313 		return;
2314 	}
2315 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() slab test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px, &z = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp, &z);
2316 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR):");
2317 	mem_dump_obj(ZERO_SIZE_PTR);
2318 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(NULL):");
2319 	mem_dump_obj(NULL);
2320 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp);
2321 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp);
2322 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", rhp);
2323 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2324 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &rhp->func);
2325 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2326 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(%px):", &z);
2327 	mem_dump_obj(&z);
2328 	kmem_cache_free(kcp, rhp);
2329 	kmem_cache_destroy(kcp);
2330 	rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
2331 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2332 		return;
2333 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() kmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2334 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", rhp);
2335 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2336 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(kmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2337 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2338 	kfree(rhp);
2339 	rhp = vmalloc(4096);
2340 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rhp))
2341 		return;
2342 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj() vmalloc test: rcu_torture_stats = %px, &rhp = %px, rhp = %px\n", stats_task, &rhp, rhp);
2343 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", rhp);
2344 	mem_dump_obj(rhp);
2345 	pr_alert("mem_dump_obj(vmalloc %px):", &rhp->func);
2346 	mem_dump_obj(&rhp->func);
2347 	vfree(rhp);
2348 }
2349 
2350 static void
2351 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
2352 {
2353 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
2354 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
2355 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
2356 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
2357 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
2358 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
2359 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
2360 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d stall_cpu_irqsoff=%d "
2361 		 "stall_cpu_block=%d "
2362 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
2363 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d "
2364 		 "read_exit_delay=%d read_exit_burst=%d "
2365 		 "nocbs_nthreads=%d nocbs_toggle=%d "
2366 		 "test_nmis=%d\n",
2367 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
2368 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
2369 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
2370 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
2371 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
2372 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff, stall_cpu_irqsoff,
2373 		 stall_cpu_block,
2374 		 n_barrier_cbs,
2375 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff,
2376 		 read_exit_delay, read_exit_burst,
2377 		 nocbs_nthreads, nocbs_toggle,
2378 		 test_nmis);
2379 }
2380 
2381 static int rcutorture_booster_cleanup(unsigned int cpu)
2382 {
2383 	struct task_struct *t;
2384 
2385 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
2386 		return 0;
2387 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2388 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
2389 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2390 	rcu_torture_enable_rt_throttle();
2391 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2392 
2393 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
2394 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
2395 	return 0;
2396 }
2397 
2398 static int rcutorture_booster_init(unsigned int cpu)
2399 {
2400 	int retval;
2401 
2402 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
2403 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
2404 
2405 	// Testing RCU priority boosting requires rcutorture do
2406 	// some serious abuse.  Counter this by running ksoftirqd
2407 	// at higher priority.
2408 	if (IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)) {
2409 		struct sched_param sp;
2410 		struct task_struct *t;
2411 
2412 		t = per_cpu(ksoftirqd, cpu);
2413 		WARN_ON_ONCE(!t);
2414 		sp.sched_priority = 2;
2415 		sched_setscheduler_nocheck(t, SCHED_FIFO, &sp);
2416 	}
2417 
2418 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
2419 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
2420 	rcu_torture_disable_rt_throttle();
2421 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
2422 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_run_on_cpu(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
2423 					      cpu, "rcu_torture_boost_%u");
2424 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
2425 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
2426 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
2427 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
2428 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
2429 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2430 		return retval;
2431 	}
2432 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
2433 	return 0;
2434 }
2435 
2436 static int rcu_torture_stall_nf(struct notifier_block *nb, unsigned long v, void *ptr)
2437 {
2438 	pr_info("%s: v=%lu, duration=%lu.\n", __func__, v, (unsigned long)ptr);
2439 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2440 }
2441 
2442 static struct notifier_block rcu_torture_stall_block = {
2443 	.notifier_call = rcu_torture_stall_nf,
2444 };
2445 
2446 /*
2447  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
2448  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.  If a new
2449  * stall test is added, stallsdone in rcu_torture_writer() must be adjusted.
2450  */
2451 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
2452 {
2453 	int idx;
2454 	int ret;
2455 	unsigned long stop_at;
2456 
2457 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
2458 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers) {
2459 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2460 		if (ret)
2461 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_register() returned %d, %sexpected.\n",
2462 				__func__, ret, !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_STALL_COMMON) ? "un" : "");
2463 	}
2464 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
2465 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
2466 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
2467 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
2468 	}
2469 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_gp_kthread > 0) {
2470 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin GP stall");
2471 		rcu_gp_set_torture_wait(stall_gp_kthread * HZ);
2472 		for (idx = 0; idx < stall_gp_kthread + 2; idx++) {
2473 			if (kthread_should_stop())
2474 				break;
2475 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2476 		}
2477 	}
2478 	if (!kthread_should_stop() && stall_cpu > 0) {
2479 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin CPU stall");
2480 		stop_at = ktime_get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
2481 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
2482 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2483 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
2484 			local_irq_disable();
2485 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2486 			preempt_disable();
2487 		pr_alert("%s start on CPU %d.\n",
2488 			  __func__, raw_smp_processor_id());
2489 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT((unsigned long)ktime_get_seconds(),
2490 				    stop_at))
2491 			if (stall_cpu_block) {
2492 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPTION
2493 				preempt_schedule();
2494 #else
2495 				schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
2496 #endif
2497 			} else if (stall_no_softlockup) {
2498 				touch_softlockup_watchdog();
2499 			}
2500 		if (stall_cpu_irqsoff)
2501 			local_irq_enable();
2502 		else if (!stall_cpu_block)
2503 			preempt_enable();
2504 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2505 	}
2506 	pr_alert("%s end.\n", __func__);
2507 	if (rcu_cpu_stall_notifiers && !ret) {
2508 		ret = rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister(&rcu_torture_stall_block);
2509 		if (ret)
2510 			pr_info("%s: rcu_stall_chain_notifier_unregister() returned %d.\n", __func__, ret);
2511 	}
2512 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
2513 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
2514 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
2515 	return 0;
2516 }
2517 
2518 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
2519 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
2520 {
2521 	if (stall_cpu <= 0 && stall_gp_kthread <= 0)
2522 		return 0;
2523 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
2524 }
2525 
2526 /* State structure for forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback. */
2527 struct fwd_cb_state {
2528 	struct rcu_head rh;
2529 	int stop;
2530 };
2531 
2532 /*
2533  * Forward-progress self-propagating RCU callback function.  Because
2534  * callbacks run from softirq, this function is an implicit RCU read-side
2535  * critical section.
2536  */
2537 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2538 {
2539 	struct fwd_cb_state *fcsp = container_of(rhp, struct fwd_cb_state, rh);
2540 
2541 	if (READ_ONCE(fcsp->stop)) {
2542 		WRITE_ONCE(fcsp->stop, 2);
2543 		return;
2544 	}
2545 	cur_ops->call(&fcsp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2546 }
2547 
2548 /* State for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2549 struct rcu_fwd_cb {
2550 	struct rcu_head rh;
2551 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfc_next;
2552 	struct rcu_fwd *rfc_rfp;
2553 	int rfc_gps;
2554 };
2555 
2556 #define MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES	(8 * HZ) /* Maximum CB test duration. */
2557 #define MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS	3	/* This many CB invocations to count. */
2558 #define MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED	100	/* Number of counted CBs. */
2559 #define FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV	10	/* Histogram buckets/second. */
2560 #define N_LAUNDERS_HIST (2 * MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV))
2561 
2562 struct rcu_launder_hist {
2563 	long n_launders;
2564 	unsigned long launder_gp_seq;
2565 };
2566 
2567 struct rcu_fwd {
2568 	spinlock_t rcu_fwd_lock;
2569 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2570 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2571 	long n_launders_cb;
2572 	unsigned long rcu_fwd_startat;
2573 	struct rcu_launder_hist n_launders_hist[N_LAUNDERS_HIST];
2574 	unsigned long rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2575 	int rcu_fwd_id;
2576 };
2577 
2578 static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_fwd_mutex);
2579 static struct rcu_fwd *rcu_fwds;
2580 static unsigned long rcu_fwd_seq;
2581 static atomic_long_t rcu_fwd_max_cbs;
2582 static bool rcu_fwd_emergency_stop;
2583 
2584 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2585 {
2586 	unsigned long gps;
2587 	unsigned long gps_old;
2588 	int i;
2589 	int j;
2590 
2591 	for (i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1; i > 0; i--)
2592 		if (rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders > 0)
2593 			break;
2594 	pr_alert("%s: Callback-invocation histogram %d (duration %lu jiffies):",
2595 		 __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id, jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat);
2596 	gps_old = rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start;
2597 	for (j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
2598 		gps = rfp->n_launders_hist[j].launder_gp_seq;
2599 		pr_cont(" %ds/%d: %ld:%ld",
2600 			j + 1, FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV,
2601 			rfp->n_launders_hist[j].n_launders,
2602 			rcutorture_seq_diff(gps, gps_old));
2603 		gps_old = gps;
2604 	}
2605 	pr_cont("\n");
2606 }
2607 
2608 /* Callback function for continuous-flood RCU callbacks. */
2609 static void rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr(struct rcu_head *rhp)
2610 {
2611 	unsigned long flags;
2612 	int i;
2613 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp = container_of(rhp, struct rcu_fwd_cb, rh);
2614 	struct rcu_fwd_cb **rfcpp;
2615 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = rfcp->rfc_rfp;
2616 
2617 	rfcp->rfc_next = NULL;
2618 	rfcp->rfc_gps++;
2619 	spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2620 	rfcpp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail;
2621 	rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfcp->rfc_next;
2622 	WRITE_ONCE(*rfcpp, rfcp);
2623 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb, rfp->n_launders_cb + 1);
2624 	i = ((jiffies - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat) / (HZ / FWD_CBS_HIST_DIV));
2625 	if (i >= ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist))
2626 		i = ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist) - 1;
2627 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders++;
2628 	rfp->n_launders_hist[i].launder_gp_seq = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2629 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2630 }
2631 
2632 // Give the scheduler a chance, even on nohz_full CPUs.
2633 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(unsigned long iter)
2634 {
2635 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_HZ_FULL)) {
2636 		// Real call_rcu() floods hit userspace, so emulate that.
2637 		if (need_resched() || (iter & 0xfff))
2638 			schedule();
2639 		return;
2640 	}
2641 	// No userspace emulation: CB invocation throttles call_rcu()
2642 	cond_resched();
2643 }
2644 
2645 /*
2646  * Free all callbacks on the rcu_fwd_cb_head list, either because the
2647  * test is over or because we hit an OOM event.
2648  */
2649 static unsigned long rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2650 {
2651 	unsigned long flags;
2652 	unsigned long freed = 0;
2653 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2654 
2655 	for (;;) {
2656 		spin_lock_irqsave(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2657 		rfcp = rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2658 		if (!rfcp) {
2659 			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2660 			break;
2661 		}
2662 		rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcp->rfc_next;
2663 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head)
2664 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head;
2665 		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rfp->rcu_fwd_lock, flags);
2666 		kfree(rfcp);
2667 		freed++;
2668 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(freed);
2669 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2670 			local_irq_save(flags);
2671 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2672 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2673 		}
2674 	}
2675 	return freed;
2676 }
2677 
2678 /* Carry out need_resched()/cond_resched() forward-progress testing. */
2679 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp,
2680 				    int *tested, int *tested_tries)
2681 {
2682 	unsigned long cver;
2683 	unsigned long dur;
2684 	struct fwd_cb_state fcs;
2685 	unsigned long gps;
2686 	int idx;
2687 	int sd;
2688 	int sd4;
2689 	bool selfpropcb = false;
2690 	unsigned long stopat;
2691 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
2692 
2693 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2694 	if (!cur_ops->sync)
2695 		return; // Cannot do need_resched() forward progress testing without ->sync.
2696 	if (cur_ops->call && cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
2697 		init_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2698 		selfpropcb = true;
2699 	}
2700 
2701 	/* Tight loop containing cond_resched(). */
2702 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2703 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2704 	if  (selfpropcb) {
2705 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 0);
2706 		cur_ops->call(&fcs.rh, rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cb);
2707 	}
2708 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2709 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2710 	sd = cur_ops->stall_dur() + 1;
2711 	sd4 = (sd + fwd_progress_div - 1) / fwd_progress_div;
2712 	dur = sd4 + torture_random(&trs) % (sd - sd4);
2713 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2714 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + dur;
2715 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2716 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2717 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2718 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
2719 		udelay(10);
2720 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
2721 		if (!fwd_progress_need_resched || need_resched())
2722 			cond_resched();
2723 	}
2724 	(*tested_tries)++;
2725 	if (!time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2726 	    !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2727 	    !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2728 		(*tested)++;
2729 		cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2730 		gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2731 		WARN_ON(!cver && gps < 2);
2732 		pr_alert("%s: %d Duration %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n", __func__,
2733 			 rfp->rcu_fwd_id, dur, cver, gps);
2734 	}
2735 	if (selfpropcb) {
2736 		WRITE_ONCE(fcs.stop, 1);
2737 		cur_ops->sync(); /* Wait for running CB to complete. */
2738 		pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2739 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for queued callbacks. */
2740 	}
2741 
2742 	if (selfpropcb) {
2743 		WARN_ON(READ_ONCE(fcs.stop) != 2);
2744 		destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&fcs.rh);
2745 	}
2746 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 10); /* Let kthreads recover. */
2747 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2748 }
2749 
2750 /* Carry out call_rcu() forward-progress testing. */
2751 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(struct rcu_fwd *rfp)
2752 {
2753 	unsigned long cver;
2754 	unsigned long flags;
2755 	unsigned long gps;
2756 	int i;
2757 	long n_launders;
2758 	long n_launders_cb_snap;
2759 	long n_launders_sa;
2760 	long n_max_cbs;
2761 	long n_max_gps;
2762 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcp;
2763 	struct rcu_fwd_cb *rfcpn;
2764 	unsigned long stopat;
2765 	unsigned long stoppedat;
2766 
2767 	pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2768 	if (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop))
2769 		return; /* Get out of the way quickly, no GP wait! */
2770 	if (!cur_ops->call)
2771 		return; /* Can't do call_rcu() fwd prog without ->call. */
2772 
2773 	/* Loop continuously posting RCU callbacks. */
2774 	atomic_inc(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2775 	cur_ops->sync(); /* Later readers see above write. */
2776 	WRITE_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies);
2777 	stopat = rfp->rcu_fwd_startat + MAX_FWD_CB_JIFFIES;
2778 	n_launders = 0;
2779 	rfp->n_launders_cb = 0; // Hoist initialization for multi-kthread
2780 	n_launders_sa = 0;
2781 	n_max_cbs = 0;
2782 	n_max_gps = 0;
2783 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rfp->n_launders_hist); i++)
2784 		rfp->n_launders_hist[i].n_launders = 0;
2785 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version);
2786 	gps = cur_ops->get_gp_seq();
2787 	rfp->rcu_launder_gp_seq_start = gps;
2788 	tick_dep_set_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2789 	while (time_before(jiffies, stopat) &&
2790 	       !shutdown_time_arrived() &&
2791 	       !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) && !torture_must_stop()) {
2792 		rfcp = READ_ONCE(rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head);
2793 		rfcpn = NULL;
2794 		if (rfcp)
2795 			rfcpn = READ_ONCE(rfcp->rfc_next);
2796 		if (rfcpn) {
2797 			if (rfcp->rfc_gps >= MIN_FWD_CB_LAUNDERS &&
2798 			    ++n_max_gps >= MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED)
2799 				break;
2800 			rfp->rcu_fwd_cb_head = rfcpn;
2801 			n_launders++;
2802 			n_launders_sa++;
2803 		} else if (!cur_ops->cbflood_max || cur_ops->cbflood_max > n_max_cbs) {
2804 			rfcp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rfcp), GFP_KERNEL);
2805 			if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!rfcp)) {
2806 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
2807 				continue;
2808 			}
2809 			n_max_cbs++;
2810 			n_launders_sa = 0;
2811 			rfcp->rfc_gps = 0;
2812 			rfcp->rfc_rfp = rfp;
2813 		} else {
2814 			rfcp = NULL;
2815 		}
2816 		if (rfcp)
2817 			cur_ops->call(&rfcp->rh, rcu_torture_fwd_cb_cr);
2818 		rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cond_resched(n_launders + n_max_cbs);
2819 		if (tick_nohz_full_enabled()) {
2820 			local_irq_save(flags);
2821 			rcu_momentary_dyntick_idle();
2822 			local_irq_restore(flags);
2823 		}
2824 	}
2825 	stoppedat = jiffies;
2826 	n_launders_cb_snap = READ_ONCE(rfp->n_launders_cb);
2827 	cver = READ_ONCE(rcu_torture_current_version) - cver;
2828 	gps = rcutorture_seq_diff(cur_ops->get_gp_seq(), gps);
2829 	pr_alert("%s: Waiting for CBs: %pS() %d\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2830 	cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Wait for callbacks to be invoked. */
2831 	(void)rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(rfp);
2832 
2833 	if (!torture_must_stop() && !READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop) &&
2834 	    !shutdown_time_arrived()) {
2835 		WARN_ON(n_max_gps < MIN_FWD_CBS_LAUNDERED);
2836 		pr_alert("%s Duration %lu barrier: %lu pending %ld n_launders: %ld n_launders_sa: %ld n_max_gps: %ld n_max_cbs: %ld cver %ld gps %ld\n",
2837 			 __func__,
2838 			 stoppedat - rfp->rcu_fwd_startat, jiffies - stoppedat,
2839 			 n_launders + n_max_cbs - n_launders_cb_snap,
2840 			 n_launders, n_launders_sa,
2841 			 n_max_gps, n_max_cbs, cver, gps);
2842 		atomic_long_add(n_max_cbs, &rcu_fwd_max_cbs);
2843 		mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex); // Serialize histograms.
2844 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(rfp);
2845 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2846 	}
2847 	schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ); /* Let CBs drain. */
2848 	tick_dep_clear_task(current, TICK_DEP_BIT_RCU);
2849 	atomic_dec(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
2850 }
2851 
2852 
2853 /*
2854  * OOM notifier, but this only prints diagnostic information for the
2855  * current forward-progress test.
2856  */
2857 static int rcutorture_oom_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
2858 				 unsigned long notused, void *nfreed)
2859 {
2860 	int i;
2861 	long ncbs;
2862 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2863 
2864 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2865 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
2866 	if (!rfp) {
2867 		mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2868 		return NOTIFY_OK;
2869 	}
2870 	WARN(1, "%s invoked upon OOM during forward-progress testing.\n",
2871 	     __func__);
2872 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
2873 		rcu_torture_fwd_cb_hist(&rfp[i]);
2874 		rcu_fwd_progress_check(1 + (jiffies - READ_ONCE(rfp[i].rcu_fwd_startat)) / 2);
2875 	}
2876 	WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, true);
2877 	smp_mb(); /* Emergency stop before free and wait to avoid hangs. */
2878 	ncbs = 0;
2879 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2880 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2881 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2882 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2883 	ncbs = 0;
2884 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2885 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2886 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2887 	cur_ops->cb_barrier();
2888 	ncbs = 0;
2889 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
2890 		ncbs += rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cbfree(&rfp[i]);
2891 	pr_info("%s: Freed %lu RCU callbacks.\n", __func__, ncbs);
2892 	smp_mb(); /* Frees before return to avoid redoing OOM. */
2893 	(*(unsigned long *)nfreed)++; /* Forward progress CBs freed! */
2894 	pr_info("%s returning after OOM processing.\n", __func__);
2895 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
2896 	return NOTIFY_OK;
2897 }
2898 
2899 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_oom_nb = {
2900 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_oom_notify
2901 };
2902 
2903 /* Carry out grace-period forward-progress testing. */
2904 static int rcu_torture_fwd_prog(void *args)
2905 {
2906 	bool firsttime = true;
2907 	long max_cbs;
2908 	int oldnice = task_nice(current);
2909 	unsigned long oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
2910 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp = args;
2911 	int tested = 0;
2912 	int tested_tries = 0;
2913 
2914 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_progress task started");
2915 	rcu_bind_current_to_nocb();
2916 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP) || !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST))
2917 		set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
2918 	do {
2919 		if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
2920 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(fwd_progress_holdoff * HZ);
2921 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_emergency_stop, false);
2922 			if (!firsttime) {
2923 				max_cbs = atomic_long_xchg(&rcu_fwd_max_cbs, 0);
2924 				pr_alert("%s n_max_cbs: %ld\n", __func__, max_cbs);
2925 			}
2926 			firsttime = false;
2927 			WRITE_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq, rcu_fwd_seq + 1);
2928 		} else {
2929 			while (READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq) == oldseq && !torture_must_stop())
2930 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 20);
2931 			oldseq = READ_ONCE(rcu_fwd_seq);
2932 		}
2933 		pr_alert("%s: Starting forward-progress test %d\n", __func__, rfp->rcu_fwd_id);
2934 		if (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() && torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)
2935 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cr(rfp);
2936 		if ((cur_ops->stall_dur && cur_ops->stall_dur() > 0) &&
2937 		    (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TINY_RCU) ||
2938 		     (rcu_inkernel_boot_has_ended() &&
2939 		      torture_num_online_cpus() > rfp->rcu_fwd_id)))
2940 			rcu_torture_fwd_prog_nr(rfp, &tested, &tested_tries);
2941 
2942 		/* Avoid slow periods, better to test when busy. */
2943 		if (stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fwd_prog"))
2944 			sched_set_normal(current, oldnice);
2945 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
2946 	/* Short runs might not contain a valid forward-progress attempt. */
2947 	if (!rfp->rcu_fwd_id) {
2948 		WARN_ON(!tested && tested_tries >= 5);
2949 		pr_alert("%s: tested %d tested_tries %d\n", __func__, tested, tested_tries);
2950 	}
2951 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fwd_prog");
2952 	return 0;
2953 }
2954 
2955 /* If forward-progress checking is requested and feasible, spawn the thread. */
2956 static int __init rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init(void)
2957 {
2958 	int i;
2959 	int ret = 0;
2960 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
2961 
2962 	if (!fwd_progress)
2963 		return 0; /* Not requested, so don't do it. */
2964 	if (fwd_progress >= nr_cpu_ids) {
2965 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Limiting fwd_progress to # CPUs.\n");
2966 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
2967 	} else if (fwd_progress < 0) {
2968 		fwd_progress = nr_cpu_ids;
2969 	}
2970 	if ((!cur_ops->sync && !cur_ops->call) ||
2971 	    (!cur_ops->cbflood_max && (!cur_ops->stall_dur || cur_ops->stall_dur() <= 0)) ||
2972 	    cur_ops == &rcu_busted_ops) {
2973 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, unsupported by RCU flavor under test");
2974 		fwd_progress = 0;
2975 		return 0;
2976 	}
2977 	if (stall_cpu > 0) {
2978 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init: Disabled, conflicts with CPU-stall testing");
2979 		fwd_progress = 0;
2980 		if (IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST))
2981 			return -EINVAL; /* In module, can fail back to user. */
2982 		WARN_ON(1); /* Make sure rcutorture notices conflict. */
2983 		return 0;
2984 	}
2985 	if (fwd_progress_holdoff <= 0)
2986 		fwd_progress_holdoff = 1;
2987 	if (fwd_progress_div <= 0)
2988 		fwd_progress_div = 4;
2989 	rfp = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*rfp), GFP_KERNEL);
2990 	fwd_prog_tasks = kcalloc(fwd_progress, sizeof(*fwd_prog_tasks), GFP_KERNEL);
2991 	if (!rfp || !fwd_prog_tasks) {
2992 		kfree(rfp);
2993 		kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
2994 		fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
2995 		fwd_progress = 0;
2996 		return -ENOMEM;
2997 	}
2998 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
2999 		spin_lock_init(&rfp[i].rcu_fwd_lock);
3000 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_tail = &rfp[i].rcu_fwd_cb_head;
3001 		rfp[i].rcu_fwd_id = i;
3002 	}
3003 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3004 	rcu_fwds = rfp;
3005 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3006 	register_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3007 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++) {
3008 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, &rcu_fwds[i], fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3009 		if (ret) {
3010 			fwd_progress = i;
3011 			return ret;
3012 		}
3013 	}
3014 	return 0;
3015 }
3016 
3017 static void rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup(void)
3018 {
3019 	int i;
3020 	struct rcu_fwd *rfp;
3021 
3022 	if (!rcu_fwds || !fwd_prog_tasks)
3023 		return;
3024 	for (i = 0; i < fwd_progress; i++)
3025 		torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fwd_prog, fwd_prog_tasks[i]);
3026 	unregister_oom_notifier(&rcutorture_oom_nb);
3027 	mutex_lock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3028 	rfp = rcu_fwds;
3029 	rcu_fwds = NULL;
3030 	mutex_unlock(&rcu_fwd_mutex);
3031 	kfree(rfp);
3032 	kfree(fwd_prog_tasks);
3033 	fwd_prog_tasks = NULL;
3034 }
3035 
3036 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
3037 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
3038 {
3039 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
3040 }
3041 
3042 /* IPI handler to get callback posted on desired CPU, if online. */
3043 static void rcu_torture_barrier1cb(void *rcu_void)
3044 {
3045 	struct rcu_head *rhp = rcu_void;
3046 
3047 	cur_ops->call(rhp, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3048 }
3049 
3050 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
3051 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
3052 {
3053 	long myid = (long)arg;
3054 	bool lastphase = false;
3055 	bool newphase;
3056 	struct rcu_head rcu;
3057 
3058 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3059 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
3060 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3061 	do {
3062 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
3063 			   (newphase =
3064 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
3065 			   torture_must_stop());
3066 		lastphase = newphase;
3067 		if (torture_must_stop())
3068 			break;
3069 		/*
3070 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
3071 		 * is ordered before the following ->call().
3072 		 */
3073 		if (smp_call_function_single(myid, rcu_torture_barrier1cb,
3074 					     &rcu, 1)) {
3075 			// IPI failed, so use direct call from current CPU.
3076 			cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
3077 		}
3078 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
3079 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
3080 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3081 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
3082 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3083 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
3084 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
3085 	return 0;
3086 }
3087 
3088 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
3089 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
3090 {
3091 	int i;
3092 
3093 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
3094 	do {
3095 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3096 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
3097 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
3098 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
3099 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3100 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3101 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
3102 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
3103 			   torture_must_stop());
3104 		if (torture_must_stop())
3105 			break;
3106 		n_barrier_attempts++;
3107 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
3108 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
3109 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
3110 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
3111 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
3112 			       n_barrier_cbs);
3113 			WARN_ON(1);
3114 			// Wait manually for the remaining callbacks
3115 			i = 0;
3116 			do {
3117 				if (WARN_ON(i++ > HZ))
3118 					i = INT_MIN;
3119 				schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
3120 				cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3121 			} while (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) !=
3122 				 n_barrier_cbs &&
3123 				 !torture_must_stop());
3124 			smp_mb(); // Can't trust ordering if broken.
3125 			if (!torture_must_stop())
3126 				pr_err("Recovered: barrier_cbs_invoked = %d\n",
3127 				       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked));
3128 		} else {
3129 			n_barrier_successes++;
3130 		}
3131 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
3132 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
3133 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
3134 	return 0;
3135 }
3136 
3137 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
3138 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
3139 {
3140 	int i;
3141 	int ret;
3142 
3143 	if (n_barrier_cbs <= 0)
3144 		return 0;
3145 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
3146 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3147 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
3148 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
3149 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
3150 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
3151 			 torture_type);
3152 		return 0;
3153 	}
3154 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
3155 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
3156 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
3157 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
3158 			GFP_KERNEL);
3159 	barrier_cbs_wq =
3160 		kcalloc(n_barrier_cbs, sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
3161 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
3162 		return -ENOMEM;
3163 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
3164 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
3165 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3166 					     (void *)(long)i,
3167 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3168 		if (ret)
3169 			return ret;
3170 	}
3171 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
3172 }
3173 
3174 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
3175 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
3176 {
3177 	int i;
3178 
3179 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
3180 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
3181 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
3182 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
3183 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
3184 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
3185 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
3186 	}
3187 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
3188 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
3189 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
3190 	}
3191 }
3192 
3193 static bool rcu_torture_can_boost(void)
3194 {
3195 	static int boost_warn_once;
3196 	int prio;
3197 
3198 	if (!(test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) && test_boost != 2)
3199 		return false;
3200 	if (!cur_ops->start_gp_poll || !cur_ops->poll_gp_state)
3201 		return false;
3202 
3203 	prio = rcu_get_gp_kthreads_prio();
3204 	if (!prio)
3205 		return false;
3206 
3207 	if (prio < 2) {
3208 		if (boost_warn_once == 1)
3209 			return false;
3210 
3211 		pr_alert("%s: WARN: RCU kthread priority too low to test boosting.  Skipping RCU boost test. Try passing rcutree.kthread_prio > 1 on the kernel command line.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3212 		boost_warn_once = 1;
3213 		return false;
3214 	}
3215 
3216 	return true;
3217 }
3218 
3219 static bool read_exit_child_stop;
3220 static bool read_exit_child_stopped;
3221 static wait_queue_head_t read_exit_wq;
3222 
3223 // Child kthread which just does an rcutorture reader and exits.
3224 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_child(void *trsp_in)
3225 {
3226 	struct torture_random_state *trsp = trsp_in;
3227 
3228 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3229 	// Minimize time between reading and exiting.
3230 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
3231 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3232 	(void)rcu_torture_one_read(trsp, -1);
3233 	return 0;
3234 }
3235 
3236 // Parent kthread which creates and destroys read-exit child kthreads.
3237 static int rcu_torture_read_exit(void *unused)
3238 {
3239 	bool errexit = false;
3240 	int i;
3241 	struct task_struct *tsp;
3242 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(trs);
3243 
3244 	// Allocate and initialize.
3245 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
3246 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of test");
3247 
3248 	// Each pass through this loop does one read-exit episode.
3249 	do {
3250 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: Start of episode");
3251 		for (i = 0; i < read_exit_burst; i++) {
3252 			if (READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop))
3253 				break;
3254 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3255 			// Spawn child.
3256 			tsp = kthread_run(rcu_torture_read_exit_child,
3257 					  &trs, "%s", "rcu_torture_read_exit_child");
3258 			if (IS_ERR(tsp)) {
3259 				TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3260 				errexit = true;
3261 				break;
3262 			}
3263 			cond_resched();
3264 			kthread_stop(tsp);
3265 			n_read_exits++;
3266 		}
3267 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_read_exit: End of episode");
3268 		rcu_barrier(); // Wait for task_struct free, avoid OOM.
3269 		i = 0;
3270 		for (; !errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop) && i < read_exit_delay; i++)
3271 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ);
3272 	} while (!errexit && !READ_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop));
3273 
3274 	// Clean up and exit.
3275 	smp_store_release(&read_exit_child_stopped, true); // After reaping.
3276 	smp_mb(); // Store before wakeup.
3277 	wake_up(&read_exit_wq);
3278 	while (!torture_must_stop())
3279 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(HZ / 20);
3280 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_read_exit");
3281 	return 0;
3282 }
3283 
3284 static int rcu_torture_read_exit_init(void)
3285 {
3286 	if (read_exit_burst <= 0)
3287 		return 0;
3288 	init_waitqueue_head(&read_exit_wq);
3289 	read_exit_child_stop = false;
3290 	read_exit_child_stopped = false;
3291 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_read_exit, NULL,
3292 				      read_exit_task);
3293 }
3294 
3295 static void rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup(void)
3296 {
3297 	if (!read_exit_task)
3298 		return;
3299 	WRITE_ONCE(read_exit_child_stop, true);
3300 	smp_mb(); // Above write before wait.
3301 	wait_event(read_exit_wq, smp_load_acquire(&read_exit_child_stopped));
3302 	torture_stop_kthread(rcutorture_read_exit, read_exit_task);
3303 }
3304 
3305 static void rcutorture_test_nmis(int n)
3306 {
3307 #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3308 	int cpu;
3309 	int dumpcpu;
3310 	int i;
3311 
3312 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
3313 		preempt_disable();
3314 		cpu = smp_processor_id();
3315 		dumpcpu = cpu + 1;
3316 		if (dumpcpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
3317 			dumpcpu = 0;
3318 		pr_alert("%s: CPU %d invoking dump_cpu_task(%d)\n", __func__, cpu, dumpcpu);
3319 		dump_cpu_task(dumpcpu);
3320 		preempt_enable();
3321 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(15 * HZ);
3322 	}
3323 #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3324 	WARN_ONCE(n, "Non-zero rcutorture.test_nmis=%d permitted only when rcutorture is built in.\n", test_nmis);
3325 #endif // #else // #if IS_BUILTIN(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST)
3326 }
3327 
3328 static enum cpuhp_state rcutor_hp;
3329 
3330 static void
3331 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
3332 {
3333 	int firsttime;
3334 	int flags = 0;
3335 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3336 	int i;
3337 
3338 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
3339 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3340 			pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3341 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3342 		}
3343 		rcu_gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3344 		return;
3345 	}
3346 	if (!cur_ops) {
3347 		torture_cleanup_end();
3348 		rcu_gp_slow_unregister(NULL);
3349 		return;
3350 	}
3351 
3352 	rcutorture_test_nmis(test_nmis);
3353 
3354 	if (cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg)
3355 		cur_ops->gp_kthread_dbg();
3356 	rcu_torture_read_exit_cleanup();
3357 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
3358 	rcu_torture_fwd_prog_cleanup();
3359 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
3360 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
3361 
3362 	if (nocb_tasks) {
3363 		for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++)
3364 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, nocb_tasks[i]);
3365 		kfree(nocb_tasks);
3366 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
3367 	}
3368 
3369 	if (reader_tasks) {
3370 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
3371 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
3372 					     reader_tasks[i]);
3373 		kfree(reader_tasks);
3374 		reader_tasks = NULL;
3375 	}
3376 	kfree(rcu_torture_reader_mbchk);
3377 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = NULL;
3378 
3379 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
3380 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++)
3381 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
3382 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
3383 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
3384 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
3385 	}
3386 
3387 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
3388 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
3389 	pr_alert("%s:  End-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x total-gps=%ld\n",
3390 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags,
3391 		 rcutorture_seq_diff(gp_seq, start_gp_seq));
3392 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
3393 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
3394 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost() && rcutor_hp >= 0)
3395 		cpuhp_remove_state(rcutor_hp);
3396 
3397 	/*
3398 	 * Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire, then do torture-type-specific
3399 	 * cleanup operations.
3400 	 */
3401 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL) {
3402 		pr_info("%s: Invoking %pS().\n", __func__, cur_ops->cb_barrier);
3403 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
3404 	}
3405 	if (cur_ops->cleanup != NULL)
3406 		cur_ops->cleanup();
3407 
3408 	rcu_torture_mem_dump_obj();
3409 
3410 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
3411 
3412 	if (err_segs_recorded) {
3413 		pr_alert("Failure/close-call rcutorture reader segments:\n");
3414 		if (rt_read_nsegs == 0)
3415 			pr_alert("\t: No segments recorded!!!\n");
3416 		firsttime = 1;
3417 		for (i = 0; i < rt_read_nsegs; i++) {
3418 			pr_alert("\t%d: %#x ", i, err_segs[i].rt_readstate);
3419 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies != 0) {
3420 				pr_cont("%s%ldjiffies", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3421 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_jiffies);
3422 				firsttime = 0;
3423 			}
3424 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms != 0) {
3425 				pr_cont("%s%ldms", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3426 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_ms);
3427 				firsttime = 0;
3428 			}
3429 			if (err_segs[i].rt_delay_us != 0) {
3430 				pr_cont("%s%ldus", firsttime ? "" : "+",
3431 					err_segs[i].rt_delay_us);
3432 				firsttime = 0;
3433 			}
3434 			pr_cont("%s\n",
3435 				err_segs[i].rt_preempted ? "preempted" : "");
3436 
3437 		}
3438 	}
3439 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
3440 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
3441 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
3442 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
3443 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
3444 	else
3445 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
3446 	torture_cleanup_end();
3447 	rcu_gp_slow_unregister(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
3448 }
3449 
3450 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
3451 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3452 {
3453 }
3454 
3455 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
3456 {
3457 	/*
3458 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
3459 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
3460 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
3461 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
3462 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
3463 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
3464 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
3465 	 */
3466 	pr_alert("%s: duplicated callback was invoked.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3467 }
3468 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
3469 
3470 /*
3471  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
3472  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
3473  * cannot be carried out.
3474  */
3475 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
3476 {
3477 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
3478 	struct rcu_head rh1;
3479 	struct rcu_head rh2;
3480 	struct rcu_head *rhp = kmalloc(sizeof(*rhp), GFP_KERNEL);
3481 
3482 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3483 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3484 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3485 
3486 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
3487 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
3488 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
3489 	call_rcu_hurry(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
3490 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
3491 	call_rcu_hurry(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3492 	call_rcu_hurry(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
3493 	if (rhp) {
3494 		call_rcu_hurry(rhp, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
3495 		call_rcu_hurry(rhp, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Another duplicate callback. */
3496 	}
3497 	local_irq_enable();
3498 	rcu_read_unlock();
3499 	preempt_enable();
3500 
3501 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
3502 	rcu_barrier();
3503 	pr_alert("%s: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3504 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
3505 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
3506 	kfree(rhp);
3507 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
3508 	pr_alert("%s: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n", KBUILD_MODNAME);
3509 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
3510 }
3511 
3512 static void rcutorture_sync(void)
3513 {
3514 	static unsigned long n;
3515 
3516 	if (cur_ops->sync && !(++n & 0xfff))
3517 		cur_ops->sync();
3518 }
3519 
3520 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut0);
3521 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut1);
3522 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut2);
3523 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut3);
3524 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut4);
3525 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut5);
3526 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut6);
3527 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut7);
3528 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut8);
3529 static DEFINE_MUTEX(mut9);
3530 
3531 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem0);
3532 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem1);
3533 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem2);
3534 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem3);
3535 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem4);
3536 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem5);
3537 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem6);
3538 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem7);
3539 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem8);
3540 static DECLARE_RWSEM(rwsem9);
3541 
3542 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu0);
3543 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu1);
3544 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu2);
3545 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu3);
3546 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu4);
3547 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu5);
3548 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu6);
3549 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu7);
3550 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu8);
3551 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu9);
3552 
3553 static int srcu_lockdep_next(const char *f, const char *fl, const char *fs, const char *fu, int i,
3554 			     int cyclelen, int deadlock)
3555 {
3556 	int j = i + 1;
3557 
3558 	if (j >= cyclelen)
3559 		j = deadlock ? 0 : -1;
3560 	if (j >= 0)
3561 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fs, j, fu, i);
3562 	else
3563 		pr_info("%s: %s(%d), %s(%d)\n", f, fl, i, fu, i);
3564 	return j;
3565 }
3566 
3567 // Test lockdep on SRCU-based deadlock scenarios.
3568 static void rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep(void)
3569 {
3570 	int cyclelen;
3571 	int deadlock;
3572 	bool err = false;
3573 	int i;
3574 	int j;
3575 	int idx;
3576 	struct mutex *muts[] = { &mut0, &mut1, &mut2, &mut3, &mut4,
3577 				 &mut5, &mut6, &mut7, &mut8, &mut9 };
3578 	struct rw_semaphore *rwsems[] = { &rwsem0, &rwsem1, &rwsem2, &rwsem3, &rwsem4,
3579 					  &rwsem5, &rwsem6, &rwsem7, &rwsem8, &rwsem9 };
3580 	struct srcu_struct *srcus[] = { &srcu0, &srcu1, &srcu2, &srcu3, &srcu4,
3581 					&srcu5, &srcu6, &srcu7, &srcu8, &srcu9 };
3582 	int testtype;
3583 
3584 	if (!test_srcu_lockdep)
3585 		return;
3586 
3587 	deadlock = test_srcu_lockdep / 1000;
3588 	testtype = (test_srcu_lockdep / 10) % 100;
3589 	cyclelen = test_srcu_lockdep % 10;
3590 	WARN_ON_ONCE(ARRAY_SIZE(muts) != ARRAY_SIZE(srcus));
3591 	if (WARN_ONCE(deadlock != !!deadlock,
3592 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and deadlock digit %d must be zero or one.\n",
3593 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, deadlock))
3594 		err = true;
3595 	if (WARN_ONCE(cyclelen <= 0,
3596 		      "%s: test_srcu_lockdep=%d and cycle-length digit %d must be greater than zero.\n",
3597 		      __func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen))
3598 		err = true;
3599 	if (err)
3600 		goto err_out;
3601 
3602 	if (testtype == 0) {
3603 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3604 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3605 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3606 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3607 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3608 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "srcu_read_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3609 					      "srcu_read_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3610 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3611 			if (j >= 0)
3612 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3613 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3614 		}
3615 		return;
3616 	}
3617 
3618 	if (testtype == 1) {
3619 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/mutex %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3620 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3621 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3622 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), mutex_lock(%d), mutex_unlock(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3623 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3624 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3625 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3626 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3627 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3628 
3629 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "mutex_lock", "synchronize_srcu",
3630 					      "mutex_unlock", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3631 			mutex_lock(muts[i]);
3632 			if (j >= 0)
3633 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3634 			mutex_unlock(muts[i]);
3635 		}
3636 		return;
3637 	}
3638 
3639 	if (testtype == 2) {
3640 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU/rwsem %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3641 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3642 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3643 			pr_info("%s: srcu_read_lock(%d), down_read(%d), up_read(%d), srcu_read_unlock(%d)\n",
3644 				__func__, i, i, i, i);
3645 			idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3646 			down_read(rwsems[i]);
3647 			up_read(rwsems[i]);
3648 			srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3649 
3650 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, "down_write", "synchronize_srcu",
3651 					      "up_write", i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3652 			down_write(rwsems[i]);
3653 			if (j >= 0)
3654 				synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3655 			up_write(rwsems[i]);
3656 		}
3657 		return;
3658 	}
3659 
3660 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3661 	if (testtype == 3) {
3662 		pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d: SRCU and Tasks Trace RCU %d-way %sdeadlock.\n",
3663 			__func__, test_srcu_lockdep, cyclelen, deadlock ? "" : "non-");
3664 		if (deadlock && cyclelen == 1)
3665 			pr_info("%s: Expect hang.\n", __func__);
3666 		for (i = 0; i < cyclelen; i++) {
3667 			char *fl = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_lock_trace" : "srcu_read_lock";
3668 			char *fs = i == cyclelen - 1 ? "synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace"
3669 						     : "synchronize_srcu";
3670 			char *fu = i == 0 ? "rcu_read_unlock_trace" : "srcu_read_unlock";
3671 
3672 			j = srcu_lockdep_next(__func__, fl, fs, fu, i, cyclelen, deadlock);
3673 			if (i == 0)
3674 				rcu_read_lock_trace();
3675 			else
3676 				idx = srcu_read_lock(srcus[i]);
3677 			if (j >= 0) {
3678 				if (i == cyclelen - 1)
3679 					synchronize_rcu_tasks_trace();
3680 				else
3681 					synchronize_srcu(srcus[j]);
3682 			}
3683 			if (i == 0)
3684 				rcu_read_unlock_trace();
3685 			else
3686 				srcu_read_unlock(srcus[i], idx);
3687 		}
3688 		return;
3689 	}
3690 #endif // #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU
3691 
3692 err_out:
3693 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = %05d does nothing.\n", __func__, test_srcu_lockdep);
3694 	pr_info("%s: test_srcu_lockdep = DNNL.\n", __func__);
3695 	pr_info("%s: D: Deadlock if nonzero.\n", __func__);
3696 	pr_info("%s: NN: Test number, 0=SRCU, 1=SRCU/mutex, 2=SRCU/rwsem, 3=SRCU/Tasks Trace RCU.\n", __func__);
3697 	pr_info("%s: L: Cycle length.\n", __func__);
3698 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU))
3699 		pr_info("%s: NN=3 disallowed because kernel is built with CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU=n\n", __func__);
3700 }
3701 
3702 static int __init
3703 rcu_torture_init(void)
3704 {
3705 	long i;
3706 	int cpu;
3707 	int firsterr = 0;
3708 	int flags = 0;
3709 	unsigned long gp_seq = 0;
3710 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
3711 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &srcud_ops, &busted_srcud_ops,
3712 		TASKS_OPS TASKS_RUDE_OPS TASKS_TRACING_OPS
3713 		&trivial_ops,
3714 	};
3715 
3716 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose))
3717 		return -EBUSY;
3718 
3719 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
3720 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
3721 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
3722 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
3723 			break;
3724 	}
3725 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
3726 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
3727 			 torture_type);
3728 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
3729 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
3730 			pr_cont(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
3731 		pr_cont("\n");
3732 		firsterr = -EINVAL;
3733 		cur_ops = NULL;
3734 		goto unwind;
3735 	}
3736 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
3737 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
3738 		fqs_duration = 0;
3739 	}
3740 	if (nocbs_nthreads != 0 && (cur_ops != &rcu_ops ||
3741 				    !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU))) {
3742 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types: %s and CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU=%d, nocb toggle disabled.\n",
3743 			 cur_ops->name, IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RCU_NOCB_CPU));
3744 		nocbs_nthreads = 0;
3745 	}
3746 	if (cur_ops->init)
3747 		cur_ops->init();
3748 
3749 	rcu_torture_init_srcu_lockdep();
3750 
3751 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
3752 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
3753 	} else {
3754 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
3755 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
3756 			nrealreaders = 1;
3757 	}
3758 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
3759 	rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, &flags, &gp_seq);
3760 	srcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype, srcu_ctlp, &flags, &gp_seq);
3761 	start_gp_seq = gp_seq;
3762 	pr_alert("%s:  Start-test grace-period state: g%ld f%#x\n",
3763 		 cur_ops->name, (long)gp_seq, flags);
3764 
3765 	/* Set up the freelist. */
3766 
3767 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
3768 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
3769 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
3770 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
3771 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
3772 	}
3773 
3774 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
3775 
3776 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
3777 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
3778 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
3779 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
3780 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
3781 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
3782 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_fail, 0);
3783 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mbchk_tries, 0);
3784 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
3785 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
3786 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
3787 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
3788 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
3789 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
3790 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
3791 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
3792 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
3793 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
3794 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
3795 		}
3796 	}
3797 	err_segs_recorded = 0;
3798 	rt_read_nsegs = 0;
3799 
3800 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
3801 
3802 	rcu_torture_write_types();
3803 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
3804 					  writer_task);
3805 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3806 		goto unwind;
3807 	if (nfakewriters > 0) {
3808 		fakewriter_tasks = kcalloc(nfakewriters,
3809 					   sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
3810 					   GFP_KERNEL);
3811 		if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
3812 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3813 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3814 			goto unwind;
3815 		}
3816 	}
3817 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
3818 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
3819 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
3820 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3821 			goto unwind;
3822 	}
3823 	reader_tasks = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
3824 			       GFP_KERNEL);
3825 	rcu_torture_reader_mbchk = kcalloc(nrealreaders, sizeof(*rcu_torture_reader_mbchk),
3826 					   GFP_KERNEL);
3827 	if (!reader_tasks || !rcu_torture_reader_mbchk) {
3828 		TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3829 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3830 		goto unwind;
3831 	}
3832 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
3833 		rcu_torture_reader_mbchk[i].rtc_chkrdr = -1;
3834 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, (void *)i,
3835 						  reader_tasks[i]);
3836 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3837 			goto unwind;
3838 	}
3839 	nrealnocbers = nocbs_nthreads;
3840 	if (WARN_ON(nrealnocbers < 0))
3841 		nrealnocbers = 1;
3842 	if (WARN_ON(nocbs_toggle < 0))
3843 		nocbs_toggle = HZ;
3844 	if (nrealnocbers > 0) {
3845 		nocb_tasks = kcalloc(nrealnocbers, sizeof(nocb_tasks[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
3846 		if (nocb_tasks == NULL) {
3847 			TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
3848 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
3849 			goto unwind;
3850 		}
3851 	} else {
3852 		nocb_tasks = NULL;
3853 	}
3854 	for (i = 0; i < nrealnocbers; i++) {
3855 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_nocb_toggle, NULL, nocb_tasks[i]);
3856 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3857 			goto unwind;
3858 	}
3859 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
3860 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
3861 						  stats_task);
3862 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3863 			goto unwind;
3864 	}
3865 	if (test_no_idle_hz && shuffle_interval > 0) {
3866 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
3867 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3868 			goto unwind;
3869 	}
3870 	if (stutter < 0)
3871 		stutter = 0;
3872 	if (stutter) {
3873 		int t;
3874 
3875 		t = cur_ops->stall_dur ? cur_ops->stall_dur() : stutter * HZ;
3876 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ, t);
3877 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3878 			goto unwind;
3879 	}
3880 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
3881 		fqs_duration = 0;
3882 	if (fqs_holdoff < 0)
3883 		fqs_holdoff = 0;
3884 	if (fqs_duration && fqs_holdoff) {
3885 		/* Create the fqs thread */
3886 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
3887 						  fqs_task);
3888 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3889 			goto unwind;
3890 	}
3891 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
3892 		test_boost_interval = 1;
3893 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
3894 		test_boost_duration = 2;
3895 	if (rcu_torture_can_boost()) {
3896 
3897 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
3898 
3899 		firsterr = cpuhp_setup_state(CPUHP_AP_ONLINE_DYN, "RCU_TORTURE",
3900 					     rcutorture_booster_init,
3901 					     rcutorture_booster_cleanup);
3902 		rcutor_hp = firsterr;
3903 		if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3904 			goto unwind;
3905 	}
3906 	shutdown_jiffies = jiffies + shutdown_secs * HZ;
3907 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
3908 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3909 		goto unwind;
3910 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval,
3911 				      rcutorture_sync);
3912 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3913 		goto unwind;
3914 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
3915 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3916 		goto unwind;
3917 	firsterr = rcu_torture_fwd_prog_init();
3918 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3919 		goto unwind;
3920 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
3921 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3922 		goto unwind;
3923 	firsterr = rcu_torture_read_exit_init();
3924 	if (torture_init_error(firsterr))
3925 		goto unwind;
3926 	if (object_debug)
3927 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
3928 	torture_init_end();
3929 	rcu_gp_slow_register(&rcu_fwd_cb_nodelay);
3930 	return 0;
3931 
3932 unwind:
3933 	torture_init_end();
3934 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
3935 	if (shutdown_secs) {
3936 		WARN_ON(!IS_MODULE(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST));
3937 		kernel_power_off();
3938 	}
3939 	return firsterr;
3940 }
3941 
3942 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
3943 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
3944