xref: /linux/kernel/rcu/rcutorture.c (revision 6c7ed42c81a2d9a7e0646240599552040375fa02)
1 /*
2  * Read-Copy Update module-based torture test facility
3  *
4  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
5  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
6  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
7  * (at your option) any later version.
8  *
9  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
10  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
11  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
12  * GNU General Public License for more details.
13  *
14  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
15  * along with this program; if not, you can access it online at
16  * http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-2.0.html.
17  *
18  * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2005, 2006
19  *
20  * Authors: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
21  *	  Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>
22  *
23  * See also:  Documentation/RCU/torture.txt
24  */
25 #include <linux/types.h>
26 #include <linux/kernel.h>
27 #include <linux/init.h>
28 #include <linux/module.h>
29 #include <linux/kthread.h>
30 #include <linux/err.h>
31 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
32 #include <linux/smp.h>
33 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
34 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
35 #include <linux/sched.h>
36 #include <linux/atomic.h>
37 #include <linux/bitops.h>
38 #include <linux/completion.h>
39 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
40 #include <linux/percpu.h>
41 #include <linux/notifier.h>
42 #include <linux/reboot.h>
43 #include <linux/freezer.h>
44 #include <linux/cpu.h>
45 #include <linux/delay.h>
46 #include <linux/stat.h>
47 #include <linux/srcu.h>
48 #include <linux/slab.h>
49 #include <linux/trace_clock.h>
50 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
51 #include <linux/torture.h>
52 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
53 
54 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
55 MODULE_AUTHOR("Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com> and Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org>");
56 
57 
58 torture_param(int, cbflood_inter_holdoff, HZ,
59 	      "Holdoff between floods (jiffies)");
60 torture_param(int, cbflood_intra_holdoff, 1,
61 	      "Holdoff between bursts (jiffies)");
62 torture_param(int, cbflood_n_burst, 3, "# bursts in flood, zero to disable");
63 torture_param(int, cbflood_n_per_burst, 20000,
64 	      "# callbacks per burst in flood");
65 torture_param(int, fqs_duration, 0,
66 	      "Duration of fqs bursts (us), 0 to disable");
67 torture_param(int, fqs_holdoff, 0, "Holdoff time within fqs bursts (us)");
68 torture_param(int, fqs_stutter, 3, "Wait time between fqs bursts (s)");
69 torture_param(bool, gp_cond, false, "Use conditional/async GP wait primitives");
70 torture_param(bool, gp_exp, false, "Use expedited GP wait primitives");
71 torture_param(bool, gp_normal, false,
72 	     "Use normal (non-expedited) GP wait primitives");
73 torture_param(bool, gp_sync, false, "Use synchronous GP wait primitives");
74 torture_param(int, irqreader, 1, "Allow RCU readers from irq handlers");
75 torture_param(int, n_barrier_cbs, 0,
76 	     "# of callbacks/kthreads for barrier testing");
77 torture_param(int, nfakewriters, 4, "Number of RCU fake writer threads");
78 torture_param(int, nreaders, -1, "Number of RCU reader threads");
79 torture_param(int, object_debug, 0,
80 	     "Enable debug-object double call_rcu() testing");
81 torture_param(int, onoff_holdoff, 0, "Time after boot before CPU hotplugs (s)");
82 torture_param(int, onoff_interval, 0,
83 	     "Time between CPU hotplugs (s), 0=disable");
84 torture_param(int, shuffle_interval, 3, "Number of seconds between shuffles");
85 torture_param(int, shutdown_secs, 0, "Shutdown time (s), <= zero to disable.");
86 torture_param(int, stall_cpu, 0, "Stall duration (s), zero to disable.");
87 torture_param(int, stall_cpu_holdoff, 10,
88 	     "Time to wait before starting stall (s).");
89 torture_param(int, stat_interval, 60,
90 	     "Number of seconds between stats printk()s");
91 torture_param(int, stutter, 5, "Number of seconds to run/halt test");
92 torture_param(int, test_boost, 1, "Test RCU prio boost: 0=no, 1=maybe, 2=yes.");
93 torture_param(int, test_boost_duration, 4,
94 	     "Duration of each boost test, seconds.");
95 torture_param(int, test_boost_interval, 7,
96 	     "Interval between boost tests, seconds.");
97 torture_param(bool, test_no_idle_hz, true,
98 	     "Test support for tickless idle CPUs");
99 torture_param(bool, verbose, true,
100 	     "Enable verbose debugging printk()s");
101 
102 static char *torture_type = "rcu";
103 module_param(torture_type, charp, 0444);
104 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_type, "Type of RCU to torture (rcu, rcu_bh, ...)");
105 
106 static int nrealreaders;
107 static int ncbflooders;
108 static struct task_struct *writer_task;
109 static struct task_struct **fakewriter_tasks;
110 static struct task_struct **reader_tasks;
111 static struct task_struct *stats_task;
112 static struct task_struct **cbflood_task;
113 static struct task_struct *fqs_task;
114 static struct task_struct *boost_tasks[NR_CPUS];
115 static struct task_struct *stall_task;
116 static struct task_struct **barrier_cbs_tasks;
117 static struct task_struct *barrier_task;
118 
119 #define RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN 10
120 
121 struct rcu_torture {
122 	struct rcu_head rtort_rcu;
123 	int rtort_pipe_count;
124 	struct list_head rtort_free;
125 	int rtort_mbtest;
126 };
127 
128 static LIST_HEAD(rcu_torture_freelist);
129 static struct rcu_torture __rcu *rcu_torture_current;
130 static unsigned long rcu_torture_current_version;
131 static struct rcu_torture rcu_tortures[10 * RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN];
132 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rcu_torture_lock);
133 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1],
134 		      rcu_torture_count) = { 0 };
135 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(long [RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1],
136 		      rcu_torture_batch) = { 0 };
137 static atomic_t rcu_torture_wcount[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1];
138 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc;
139 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail;
140 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_free;
141 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_mberror;
142 static atomic_t n_rcu_torture_error;
143 static long n_rcu_torture_barrier_error;
144 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror;
145 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror;
146 static long n_rcu_torture_boost_failure;
147 static long n_rcu_torture_boosts;
148 static long n_rcu_torture_timers;
149 static long n_barrier_attempts;
150 static long n_barrier_successes;
151 static atomic_long_t n_cbfloods;
152 static struct list_head rcu_torture_removed;
153 
154 static int rcu_torture_writer_state;
155 #define RTWS_FIXED_DELAY	0
156 #define RTWS_DELAY		1
157 #define RTWS_REPLACE		2
158 #define RTWS_DEF_FREE		3
159 #define RTWS_EXP_SYNC		4
160 #define RTWS_COND_GET		5
161 #define RTWS_COND_SYNC		6
162 #define RTWS_SYNC		7
163 #define RTWS_STUTTER		8
164 #define RTWS_STOPPING		9
165 
166 #if defined(MODULE) || defined(CONFIG_RCU_TORTURE_TEST_RUNNABLE)
167 #define RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT 1
168 #else
169 #define RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT 0
170 #endif
171 static int torture_runnable = RCUTORTURE_RUNNABLE_INIT;
172 module_param(torture_runnable, int, 0444);
173 MODULE_PARM_DESC(torture_runnable, "Start rcutorture at boot");
174 
175 #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU)
176 #define rcu_can_boost() 1
177 #else /* #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
178 #define rcu_can_boost() 0
179 #endif /* #else #if defined(CONFIG_RCU_BOOST) && !defined(CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU) */
180 
181 #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE
182 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
183 {
184 	u64 ts = trace_clock_local();
185 	unsigned long __maybe_unused ts_rem = do_div(ts, NSEC_PER_USEC);
186 	return ts;
187 }
188 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
189 static u64 notrace rcu_trace_clock_local(void)
190 {
191 	return 0ULL;
192 }
193 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_TRACE */
194 
195 static unsigned long boost_starttime;	/* jiffies of next boost test start. */
196 static DEFINE_MUTEX(boost_mutex);	/* protect setting boost_starttime */
197 					/*  and boost task create/destroy. */
198 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_count;	/* Barrier callbacks registered. */
199 static bool barrier_phase;		/* Test phase. */
200 static atomic_t barrier_cbs_invoked;	/* Barrier callbacks invoked. */
201 static wait_queue_head_t *barrier_cbs_wq; /* Coordinate barrier testing. */
202 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(barrier_wq);
203 
204 /*
205  * Allocate an element from the rcu_tortures pool.
206  */
207 static struct rcu_torture *
208 rcu_torture_alloc(void)
209 {
210 	struct list_head *p;
211 
212 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
213 	if (list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist)) {
214 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail);
215 		spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
216 		return NULL;
217 	}
218 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_alloc);
219 	p = rcu_torture_freelist.next;
220 	list_del_init(p);
221 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
222 	return container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_free);
223 }
224 
225 /*
226  * Free an element to the rcu_tortures pool.
227  */
228 static void
229 rcu_torture_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
230 {
231 	atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_free);
232 	spin_lock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
233 	list_add_tail(&p->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_freelist);
234 	spin_unlock_bh(&rcu_torture_lock);
235 }
236 
237 /*
238  * Operations vector for selecting different types of tests.
239  */
240 
241 struct rcu_torture_ops {
242 	int ttype;
243 	void (*init)(void);
244 	int (*readlock)(void);
245 	void (*read_delay)(struct torture_random_state *rrsp);
246 	void (*readunlock)(int idx);
247 	unsigned long (*started)(void);
248 	unsigned long (*completed)(void);
249 	void (*deferred_free)(struct rcu_torture *p);
250 	void (*sync)(void);
251 	void (*exp_sync)(void);
252 	unsigned long (*get_state)(void);
253 	void (*cond_sync)(unsigned long oldstate);
254 	void (*call)(struct rcu_head *head, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu));
255 	void (*cb_barrier)(void);
256 	void (*fqs)(void);
257 	void (*stats)(void);
258 	int irq_capable;
259 	int can_boost;
260 	const char *name;
261 };
262 
263 static struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops;
264 
265 /*
266  * Definitions for rcu torture testing.
267  */
268 
269 static int rcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU)
270 {
271 	rcu_read_lock();
272 	return 0;
273 }
274 
275 static void rcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp)
276 {
277 	const unsigned long shortdelay_us = 200;
278 	const unsigned long longdelay_ms = 50;
279 
280 	/* We want a short delay sometimes to make a reader delay the grace
281 	 * period, and we want a long delay occasionally to trigger
282 	 * force_quiescent_state. */
283 
284 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2000 * longdelay_ms)))
285 		mdelay(longdelay_ms);
286 	if (!(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 2 * shortdelay_us)))
287 		udelay(shortdelay_us);
288 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT
289 	if (!preempt_count() &&
290 	    !(torture_random(rrsp) % (nrealreaders * 20000)))
291 		preempt_schedule();  /* No QS if preempt_disable() in effect */
292 #endif
293 }
294 
295 static void rcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU)
296 {
297 	rcu_read_unlock();
298 }
299 
300 /*
301  * Update callback in the pipe.  This should be invoked after a grace period.
302  */
303 static bool
304 rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(struct rcu_torture *rp)
305 {
306 	int i;
307 
308 	i = rp->rtort_pipe_count;
309 	if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
310 		i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
311 	atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
312 	if (++rp->rtort_pipe_count >= RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
313 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 0;
314 		return true;
315 	}
316 	return false;
317 }
318 
319 /*
320  * Update all callbacks in the pipe.  Suitable for synchronous grace-period
321  * primitives.
322  */
323 static void
324 rcu_torture_pipe_update(struct rcu_torture *old_rp)
325 {
326 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
327 	struct rcu_torture *rp1;
328 
329 	if (old_rp)
330 		list_add(&old_rp->rtort_free, &rcu_torture_removed);
331 	list_for_each_entry_safe(rp, rp1, &rcu_torture_removed, rtort_free) {
332 		if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp)) {
333 			list_del(&rp->rtort_free);
334 			rcu_torture_free(rp);
335 		}
336 	}
337 }
338 
339 static void
340 rcu_torture_cb(struct rcu_head *p)
341 {
342 	struct rcu_torture *rp = container_of(p, struct rcu_torture, rtort_rcu);
343 
344 	if (torture_must_stop_irq()) {
345 		/* Test is ending, just drop callbacks on the floor. */
346 		/* The next initialization will pick up the pieces. */
347 		return;
348 	}
349 	if (rcu_torture_pipe_update_one(rp))
350 		rcu_torture_free(rp);
351 	else
352 		cur_ops->deferred_free(rp);
353 }
354 
355 static unsigned long rcu_no_completed(void)
356 {
357 	return 0;
358 }
359 
360 static void rcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
361 {
362 	call_rcu(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
363 }
364 
365 static void rcu_sync_torture_init(void)
366 {
367 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_removed);
368 }
369 
370 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_ops = {
371 	.ttype		= RCU_FLAVOR,
372 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
373 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
374 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,
375 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
376 	.started	= rcu_batches_started,
377 	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed,
378 	.deferred_free	= rcu_torture_deferred_free,
379 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu,
380 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_expedited,
381 	.get_state	= get_state_synchronize_rcu,
382 	.cond_sync	= cond_synchronize_rcu,
383 	.call		= call_rcu,
384 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier,
385 	.fqs		= rcu_force_quiescent_state,
386 	.stats		= NULL,
387 	.irq_capable	= 1,
388 	.can_boost	= rcu_can_boost(),
389 	.name		= "rcu"
390 };
391 
392 /*
393  * Definitions for rcu_bh torture testing.
394  */
395 
396 static int rcu_bh_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(RCU_BH)
397 {
398 	rcu_read_lock_bh();
399 	return 0;
400 }
401 
402 static void rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(RCU_BH)
403 {
404 	rcu_read_unlock_bh();
405 }
406 
407 static void rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
408 {
409 	call_rcu_bh(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
410 }
411 
412 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_bh_ops = {
413 	.ttype		= RCU_BH_FLAVOR,
414 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
415 	.readlock	= rcu_bh_torture_read_lock,
416 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
417 	.readunlock	= rcu_bh_torture_read_unlock,
418 	.started	= rcu_batches_started_bh,
419 	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed_bh,
420 	.deferred_free	= rcu_bh_torture_deferred_free,
421 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_bh,
422 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_bh_expedited,
423 	.call		= call_rcu_bh,
424 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_bh,
425 	.fqs		= rcu_bh_force_quiescent_state,
426 	.stats		= NULL,
427 	.irq_capable	= 1,
428 	.name		= "rcu_bh"
429 };
430 
431 /*
432  * Don't even think about trying any of these in real life!!!
433  * The names includes "busted", and they really means it!
434  * The only purpose of these functions is to provide a buggy RCU
435  * implementation to make sure that rcutorture correctly emits
436  * buggy-RCU error messages.
437  */
438 static void rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
439 {
440 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
441 	rcu_torture_cb(&p->rtort_rcu);
442 }
443 
444 static void synchronize_rcu_busted(void)
445 {
446 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
447 }
448 
449 static void
450 call_rcu_busted(struct rcu_head *head, void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
451 {
452 	/* This is a deliberate bug for testing purposes only! */
453 	func(head);
454 }
455 
456 static struct rcu_torture_ops rcu_busted_ops = {
457 	.ttype		= INVALID_RCU_FLAVOR,
458 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
459 	.readlock	= rcu_torture_read_lock,
460 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
461 	.readunlock	= rcu_torture_read_unlock,
462 	.started	= rcu_no_completed,
463 	.completed	= rcu_no_completed,
464 	.deferred_free	= rcu_busted_torture_deferred_free,
465 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_busted,
466 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_busted,
467 	.call		= call_rcu_busted,
468 	.cb_barrier	= NULL,
469 	.fqs		= NULL,
470 	.stats		= NULL,
471 	.irq_capable	= 1,
472 	.name		= "rcu_busted"
473 };
474 
475 /*
476  * Definitions for srcu torture testing.
477  */
478 
479 DEFINE_STATIC_SRCU(srcu_ctl);
480 
481 static int srcu_torture_read_lock(void) __acquires(&srcu_ctl)
482 {
483 	return srcu_read_lock(&srcu_ctl);
484 }
485 
486 static void srcu_read_delay(struct torture_random_state *rrsp)
487 {
488 	long delay;
489 	const long uspertick = 1000000 / HZ;
490 	const long longdelay = 10;
491 
492 	/* We want there to be long-running readers, but not all the time. */
493 
494 	delay = torture_random(rrsp) %
495 		(nrealreaders * 2 * longdelay * uspertick);
496 	if (!delay)
497 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(longdelay);
498 	else
499 		rcu_read_delay(rrsp);
500 }
501 
502 static void srcu_torture_read_unlock(int idx) __releases(&srcu_ctl)
503 {
504 	srcu_read_unlock(&srcu_ctl, idx);
505 }
506 
507 static unsigned long srcu_torture_completed(void)
508 {
509 	return srcu_batches_completed(&srcu_ctl);
510 }
511 
512 static void srcu_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *rp)
513 {
514 	call_srcu(&srcu_ctl, &rp->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
515 }
516 
517 static void srcu_torture_synchronize(void)
518 {
519 	synchronize_srcu(&srcu_ctl);
520 }
521 
522 static void srcu_torture_call(struct rcu_head *head,
523 			      void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head))
524 {
525 	call_srcu(&srcu_ctl, head, func);
526 }
527 
528 static void srcu_torture_barrier(void)
529 {
530 	srcu_barrier(&srcu_ctl);
531 }
532 
533 static void srcu_torture_stats(void)
534 {
535 	int cpu;
536 	int idx = srcu_ctl.completed & 0x1;
537 
538 	pr_alert("%s%s per-CPU(idx=%d):",
539 		 torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG, idx);
540 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
541 		long c0, c1;
542 
543 		c0 = (long)per_cpu_ptr(srcu_ctl.per_cpu_ref, cpu)->c[!idx];
544 		c1 = (long)per_cpu_ptr(srcu_ctl.per_cpu_ref, cpu)->c[idx];
545 		pr_cont(" %d(%ld,%ld)", cpu, c0, c1);
546 	}
547 	pr_cont("\n");
548 }
549 
550 static void srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited(void)
551 {
552 	synchronize_srcu_expedited(&srcu_ctl);
553 }
554 
555 static struct rcu_torture_ops srcu_ops = {
556 	.ttype		= SRCU_FLAVOR,
557 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
558 	.readlock	= srcu_torture_read_lock,
559 	.read_delay	= srcu_read_delay,
560 	.readunlock	= srcu_torture_read_unlock,
561 	.started	= NULL,
562 	.completed	= srcu_torture_completed,
563 	.deferred_free	= srcu_torture_deferred_free,
564 	.sync		= srcu_torture_synchronize,
565 	.exp_sync	= srcu_torture_synchronize_expedited,
566 	.call		= srcu_torture_call,
567 	.cb_barrier	= srcu_torture_barrier,
568 	.stats		= srcu_torture_stats,
569 	.name		= "srcu"
570 };
571 
572 /*
573  * Definitions for sched torture testing.
574  */
575 
576 static int sched_torture_read_lock(void)
577 {
578 	preempt_disable();
579 	return 0;
580 }
581 
582 static void sched_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
583 {
584 	preempt_enable();
585 }
586 
587 static void rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
588 {
589 	call_rcu_sched(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
590 }
591 
592 static struct rcu_torture_ops sched_ops = {
593 	.ttype		= RCU_SCHED_FLAVOR,
594 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
595 	.readlock	= sched_torture_read_lock,
596 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
597 	.readunlock	= sched_torture_read_unlock,
598 	.started	= rcu_batches_started_sched,
599 	.completed	= rcu_batches_completed_sched,
600 	.deferred_free	= rcu_sched_torture_deferred_free,
601 	.sync		= synchronize_sched,
602 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_sched_expedited,
603 	.call		= call_rcu_sched,
604 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_sched,
605 	.fqs		= rcu_sched_force_quiescent_state,
606 	.stats		= NULL,
607 	.irq_capable	= 1,
608 	.name		= "sched"
609 };
610 
611 #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU
612 
613 /*
614  * Definitions for RCU-tasks torture testing.
615  */
616 
617 static int tasks_torture_read_lock(void)
618 {
619 	return 0;
620 }
621 
622 static void tasks_torture_read_unlock(int idx)
623 {
624 }
625 
626 static void rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free(struct rcu_torture *p)
627 {
628 	call_rcu_tasks(&p->rtort_rcu, rcu_torture_cb);
629 }
630 
631 static struct rcu_torture_ops tasks_ops = {
632 	.ttype		= RCU_TASKS_FLAVOR,
633 	.init		= rcu_sync_torture_init,
634 	.readlock	= tasks_torture_read_lock,
635 	.read_delay	= rcu_read_delay,  /* just reuse rcu's version. */
636 	.readunlock	= tasks_torture_read_unlock,
637 	.started	= rcu_no_completed,
638 	.completed	= rcu_no_completed,
639 	.deferred_free	= rcu_tasks_torture_deferred_free,
640 	.sync		= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
641 	.exp_sync	= synchronize_rcu_tasks,
642 	.call		= call_rcu_tasks,
643 	.cb_barrier	= rcu_barrier_tasks,
644 	.fqs		= NULL,
645 	.stats		= NULL,
646 	.irq_capable	= 1,
647 	.name		= "tasks"
648 };
649 
650 #define RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS &tasks_ops,
651 
652 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
653 
654 #define RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS
655 
656 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_TASKS_RCU */
657 
658 /*
659  * RCU torture priority-boost testing.  Runs one real-time thread per
660  * CPU for moderate bursts, repeatedly registering RCU callbacks and
661  * spinning waiting for them to be invoked.  If a given callback takes
662  * too long to be invoked, we assume that priority inversion has occurred.
663  */
664 
665 struct rcu_boost_inflight {
666 	struct rcu_head rcu;
667 	int inflight;
668 };
669 
670 static void rcu_torture_boost_cb(struct rcu_head *head)
671 {
672 	struct rcu_boost_inflight *rbip =
673 		container_of(head, struct rcu_boost_inflight, rcu);
674 
675 	/* Ensure RCU-core accesses precede clearing ->inflight */
676 	smp_store_release(&rbip->inflight, 0);
677 }
678 
679 static int rcu_torture_boost(void *arg)
680 {
681 	unsigned long call_rcu_time;
682 	unsigned long endtime;
683 	unsigned long oldstarttime;
684 	struct rcu_boost_inflight rbi = { .inflight = 0 };
685 	struct sched_param sp;
686 
687 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost started");
688 
689 	/* Set real-time priority. */
690 	sp.sched_priority = 1;
691 	if (sched_setscheduler(current, SCHED_FIFO, &sp) < 0) {
692 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost RT prio failed!");
693 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror++;
694 	}
695 
696 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
697 	/* Each pass through the following loop does one boost-test cycle. */
698 	do {
699 		/* Wait for the next test interval. */
700 		oldstarttime = boost_starttime;
701 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, oldstarttime)) {
702 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(oldstarttime - jiffies);
703 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
704 			if (torture_must_stop())
705 				goto checkwait;
706 		}
707 
708 		/* Do one boost-test interval. */
709 		endtime = oldstarttime + test_boost_duration * HZ;
710 		call_rcu_time = jiffies;
711 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, endtime)) {
712 			/* If we don't have a callback in flight, post one. */
713 			if (!smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
714 				/* RCU core before ->inflight = 1. */
715 				smp_store_release(&rbi.inflight, 1);
716 				call_rcu(&rbi.rcu, rcu_torture_boost_cb);
717 				if (jiffies - call_rcu_time >
718 					 test_boost_duration * HZ - HZ / 2) {
719 					VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost boosting failed");
720 					n_rcu_torture_boost_failure++;
721 				}
722 				call_rcu_time = jiffies;
723 			}
724 			cond_resched_rcu_qs();
725 			stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
726 			if (torture_must_stop())
727 				goto checkwait;
728 		}
729 
730 		/*
731 		 * Set the start time of the next test interval.
732 		 * Yes, this is vulnerable to long delays, but such
733 		 * delays simply cause a false negative for the next
734 		 * interval.  Besides, we are running at RT priority,
735 		 * so delays should be relatively rare.
736 		 */
737 		while (oldstarttime == boost_starttime &&
738 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
739 			if (mutex_trylock(&boost_mutex)) {
740 				boost_starttime = jiffies +
741 						  test_boost_interval * HZ;
742 				n_rcu_torture_boosts++;
743 				mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
744 				break;
745 			}
746 			schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
747 		}
748 
749 		/* Go do the stutter. */
750 checkwait:	stutter_wait("rcu_torture_boost");
751 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
752 
753 	/* Clean up and exit. */
754 	while (!kthread_should_stop() || smp_load_acquire(&rbi.inflight)) {
755 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_boost");
756 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
757 	}
758 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rbi.rcu);
759 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_boost");
760 	return 0;
761 }
762 
763 static void rcu_torture_cbflood_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
764 {
765 }
766 
767 /*
768  * RCU torture callback-flood kthread.  Repeatedly induces bursts of calls
769  * to call_rcu() or analogous, increasing the probability of occurrence
770  * of callback-overflow corner cases.
771  */
772 static int
773 rcu_torture_cbflood(void *arg)
774 {
775 	int err = 1;
776 	int i;
777 	int j;
778 	struct rcu_head *rhp;
779 
780 	if (cbflood_n_per_burst > 0 &&
781 	    cbflood_inter_holdoff > 0 &&
782 	    cbflood_intra_holdoff > 0 &&
783 	    cur_ops->call &&
784 	    cur_ops->cb_barrier) {
785 		rhp = vmalloc(sizeof(*rhp) *
786 			      cbflood_n_burst * cbflood_n_per_burst);
787 		err = !rhp;
788 	}
789 	if (err) {
790 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_cbflood disabled: Bad args or OOM");
791 		while (!torture_must_stop())
792 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
793 		return 0;
794 	}
795 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_cbflood task started");
796 	do {
797 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(cbflood_inter_holdoff);
798 		atomic_long_inc(&n_cbfloods);
799 		WARN_ON(signal_pending(current));
800 		for (i = 0; i < cbflood_n_burst; i++) {
801 			for (j = 0; j < cbflood_n_per_burst; j++) {
802 				cur_ops->call(&rhp[i * cbflood_n_per_burst + j],
803 					      rcu_torture_cbflood_cb);
804 			}
805 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(cbflood_intra_holdoff);
806 			WARN_ON(signal_pending(current));
807 		}
808 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
809 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_cbflood");
810 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
811 	vfree(rhp);
812 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_cbflood");
813 	return 0;
814 }
815 
816 /*
817  * RCU torture force-quiescent-state kthread.  Repeatedly induces
818  * bursts of calls to force_quiescent_state(), increasing the probability
819  * of occurrence of some important types of race conditions.
820  */
821 static int
822 rcu_torture_fqs(void *arg)
823 {
824 	unsigned long fqs_resume_time;
825 	int fqs_burst_remaining;
826 
827 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fqs task started");
828 	do {
829 		fqs_resume_time = jiffies + fqs_stutter * HZ;
830 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(jiffies, fqs_resume_time) &&
831 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
832 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(1);
833 		}
834 		fqs_burst_remaining = fqs_duration;
835 		while (fqs_burst_remaining > 0 &&
836 		       !kthread_should_stop()) {
837 			cur_ops->fqs();
838 			udelay(fqs_holdoff);
839 			fqs_burst_remaining -= fqs_holdoff;
840 		}
841 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fqs");
842 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
843 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fqs");
844 	return 0;
845 }
846 
847 /*
848  * RCU torture writer kthread.  Repeatedly substitutes a new structure
849  * for that pointed to by rcu_torture_current, freeing the old structure
850  * after a series of grace periods (the "pipeline").
851  */
852 static int
853 rcu_torture_writer(void *arg)
854 {
855 	bool can_expedite = !rcu_gp_is_expedited();
856 	int expediting = 0;
857 	unsigned long gp_snap;
858 	bool gp_cond1 = gp_cond, gp_exp1 = gp_exp, gp_normal1 = gp_normal;
859 	bool gp_sync1 = gp_sync;
860 	int i;
861 	struct rcu_torture *rp;
862 	struct rcu_torture *old_rp;
863 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
864 	int synctype[] = { RTWS_DEF_FREE, RTWS_EXP_SYNC,
865 			   RTWS_COND_GET, RTWS_SYNC };
866 	int nsynctypes = 0;
867 
868 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_writer task started");
869 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
870 		 " Grace periods expedited from boot/sysfs for %s,\n",
871 		 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
872 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
873 		 " Testing of dynamic grace-period expediting diabled.\n",
874 		 torture_type);
875 
876 	/* Initialize synctype[] array.  If none set, take default. */
877 	if (!gp_cond1 && !gp_exp1 && !gp_normal1 && !gp_sync1)
878 		gp_cond1 = gp_exp1 = gp_normal1 = gp_sync1 = true;
879 	if (gp_cond1 && cur_ops->get_state && cur_ops->cond_sync)
880 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_COND_GET;
881 	else if (gp_cond && (!cur_ops->get_state || !cur_ops->cond_sync))
882 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_cond without primitives.\n");
883 	if (gp_exp1 && cur_ops->exp_sync)
884 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
885 	else if (gp_exp && !cur_ops->exp_sync)
886 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_exp without primitives.\n");
887 	if (gp_normal1 && cur_ops->deferred_free)
888 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
889 	else if (gp_normal && !cur_ops->deferred_free)
890 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_normal without primitives.\n");
891 	if (gp_sync1 && cur_ops->sync)
892 		synctype[nsynctypes++] = RTWS_SYNC;
893 	else if (gp_sync && !cur_ops->sync)
894 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_writer: gp_sync without primitives.\n");
895 	if (WARN_ONCE(nsynctypes == 0,
896 		      "rcu_torture_writer: No update-side primitives.\n")) {
897 		/*
898 		 * No updates primitives, so don't try updating.
899 		 * The resulting test won't be testing much, hence the
900 		 * above WARN_ONCE().
901 		 */
902 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
903 		torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
904 	}
905 
906 	do {
907 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_FIXED_DELAY;
908 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
909 		rp = rcu_torture_alloc();
910 		if (rp == NULL)
911 			continue;
912 		rp->rtort_pipe_count = 0;
913 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DELAY;
914 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
915 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_REPLACE;
916 		old_rp = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
917 					       current == writer_task);
918 		rp->rtort_mbtest = 1;
919 		rcu_assign_pointer(rcu_torture_current, rp);
920 		smp_wmb(); /* Mods to old_rp must follow rcu_assign_pointer() */
921 		if (old_rp) {
922 			i = old_rp->rtort_pipe_count;
923 			if (i > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN)
924 				i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
925 			atomic_inc(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]);
926 			old_rp->rtort_pipe_count++;
927 			switch (synctype[torture_random(&rand) % nsynctypes]) {
928 			case RTWS_DEF_FREE:
929 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_DEF_FREE;
930 				cur_ops->deferred_free(old_rp);
931 				break;
932 			case RTWS_EXP_SYNC:
933 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_EXP_SYNC;
934 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
935 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
936 				break;
937 			case RTWS_COND_GET:
938 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_GET;
939 				gp_snap = cur_ops->get_state();
940 				i = torture_random(&rand) % 16;
941 				if (i != 0)
942 					schedule_timeout_interruptible(i);
943 				udelay(torture_random(&rand) % 1000);
944 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_COND_SYNC;
945 				cur_ops->cond_sync(gp_snap);
946 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
947 				break;
948 			case RTWS_SYNC:
949 				rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_SYNC;
950 				cur_ops->sync();
951 				rcu_torture_pipe_update(old_rp);
952 				break;
953 			default:
954 				WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
955 				break;
956 			}
957 		}
958 		rcutorture_record_progress(++rcu_torture_current_version);
959 		/* Cycle through nesting levels of rcu_expedite_gp() calls. */
960 		if (can_expedite &&
961 		    !(torture_random(&rand) & 0xff & (!!expediting - 1))) {
962 			WARN_ON_ONCE(expediting == 0 && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
963 			if (expediting >= 0)
964 				rcu_expedite_gp();
965 			else
966 				rcu_unexpedite_gp();
967 			if (++expediting > 3)
968 				expediting = -expediting;
969 		}
970 		rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STUTTER;
971 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_writer");
972 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
973 	/* Reset expediting back to unexpedited. */
974 	if (expediting > 0)
975 		expediting = -expediting;
976 	while (can_expedite && expediting++ < 0)
977 		rcu_unexpedite_gp();
978 	WARN_ON_ONCE(can_expedite && rcu_gp_is_expedited());
979 	rcu_torture_writer_state = RTWS_STOPPING;
980 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_writer");
981 	return 0;
982 }
983 
984 /*
985  * RCU torture fake writer kthread.  Repeatedly calls sync, with a random
986  * delay between calls.
987  */
988 static int
989 rcu_torture_fakewriter(void *arg)
990 {
991 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
992 
993 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_fakewriter task started");
994 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
995 
996 	do {
997 		schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1 + torture_random(&rand)%10);
998 		udelay(torture_random(&rand) & 0x3ff);
999 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL &&
1000 		    torture_random(&rand) % (nfakewriters * 8) == 0) {
1001 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1002 		} else if (gp_normal == gp_exp) {
1003 			if (torture_random(&rand) & 0x80)
1004 				cur_ops->sync();
1005 			else
1006 				cur_ops->exp_sync();
1007 		} else if (gp_normal) {
1008 			cur_ops->sync();
1009 		} else {
1010 			cur_ops->exp_sync();
1011 		}
1012 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1013 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1014 
1015 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_fakewriter");
1016 	return 0;
1017 }
1018 
1019 static void rcutorture_trace_dump(void)
1020 {
1021 	static atomic_t beenhere = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
1022 
1023 	if (atomic_read(&beenhere))
1024 		return;
1025 	if (atomic_xchg(&beenhere, 1) != 0)
1026 		return;
1027 	ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
1028 }
1029 
1030 /*
1031  * RCU torture reader from timer handler.  Dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1032  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1033  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1034  * RCU implementation is broken.
1035  */
1036 static void rcu_torture_timer(unsigned long unused)
1037 {
1038 	int idx;
1039 	unsigned long started;
1040 	unsigned long completed;
1041 	static DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1042 	static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(rand_lock);
1043 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1044 	int pipe_count;
1045 	unsigned long long ts;
1046 
1047 	idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1048 	if (cur_ops->started)
1049 		started = cur_ops->started();
1050 	else
1051 		started = cur_ops->completed();
1052 	ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1053 	p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1054 				  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1055 				  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1056 				  srcu_read_lock_held(&srcu_ctl));
1057 	if (p == NULL) {
1058 		/* Leave because rcu_torture_writer is not yet underway */
1059 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1060 		return;
1061 	}
1062 	if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1063 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1064 	spin_lock(&rand_lock);
1065 	cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
1066 	n_rcu_torture_timers++;
1067 	spin_unlock(&rand_lock);
1068 	preempt_disable();
1069 	pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1070 	if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1071 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1072 		pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1073 	}
1074 	completed = cur_ops->completed();
1075 	if (pipe_count > 1) {
1076 		do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu, ts,
1077 					  started, completed);
1078 		rcutorture_trace_dump();
1079 	}
1080 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1081 	completed = completed - started;
1082 	if (cur_ops->started)
1083 		completed++;
1084 	if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1085 		/* Should not happen, but... */
1086 		completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1087 	}
1088 	__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1089 	preempt_enable();
1090 	cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1091 }
1092 
1093 /*
1094  * RCU torture reader kthread.  Repeatedly dereferences rcu_torture_current,
1095  * incrementing the corresponding element of the pipeline array.  The
1096  * counter in the element should never be greater than 1, otherwise, the
1097  * RCU implementation is broken.
1098  */
1099 static int
1100 rcu_torture_reader(void *arg)
1101 {
1102 	unsigned long started;
1103 	unsigned long completed;
1104 	int idx;
1105 	DEFINE_TORTURE_RANDOM(rand);
1106 	struct rcu_torture *p;
1107 	int pipe_count;
1108 	struct timer_list t;
1109 	unsigned long long ts;
1110 
1111 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_reader task started");
1112 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1113 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable)
1114 		setup_timer_on_stack(&t, rcu_torture_timer, 0);
1115 
1116 	do {
1117 		if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1118 			if (!timer_pending(&t))
1119 				mod_timer(&t, jiffies + 1);
1120 		}
1121 		idx = cur_ops->readlock();
1122 		if (cur_ops->started)
1123 			started = cur_ops->started();
1124 		else
1125 			started = cur_ops->completed();
1126 		ts = rcu_trace_clock_local();
1127 		p = rcu_dereference_check(rcu_torture_current,
1128 					  rcu_read_lock_bh_held() ||
1129 					  rcu_read_lock_sched_held() ||
1130 					  srcu_read_lock_held(&srcu_ctl));
1131 		if (p == NULL) {
1132 			/* Wait for rcu_torture_writer to get underway */
1133 			cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1134 			schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ);
1135 			continue;
1136 		}
1137 		if (p->rtort_mbtest == 0)
1138 			atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_mberror);
1139 		cur_ops->read_delay(&rand);
1140 		preempt_disable();
1141 		pipe_count = p->rtort_pipe_count;
1142 		if (pipe_count > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1143 			/* Should not happen, but... */
1144 			pipe_count = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1145 		}
1146 		completed = cur_ops->completed();
1147 		if (pipe_count > 1) {
1148 			do_trace_rcu_torture_read(cur_ops->name, &p->rtort_rcu,
1149 						  ts, started, completed);
1150 			rcutorture_trace_dump();
1151 		}
1152 		__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_count[pipe_count]);
1153 		completed = completed - started;
1154 		if (cur_ops->started)
1155 			completed++;
1156 		if (completed > RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN) {
1157 			/* Should not happen, but... */
1158 			completed = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN;
1159 		}
1160 		__this_cpu_inc(rcu_torture_batch[completed]);
1161 		preempt_enable();
1162 		cur_ops->readunlock(idx);
1163 		cond_resched_rcu_qs();
1164 		stutter_wait("rcu_torture_reader");
1165 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1166 	if (irqreader && cur_ops->irq_capable) {
1167 		del_timer_sync(&t);
1168 		destroy_timer_on_stack(&t);
1169 	}
1170 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_reader");
1171 	return 0;
1172 }
1173 
1174 /*
1175  * Print torture statistics.  Caller must ensure that there is only
1176  * one call to this function at a given time!!!  This is normally
1177  * accomplished by relying on the module system to only have one copy
1178  * of the module loaded, and then by giving the rcu_torture_stats
1179  * kthread full control (or the init/cleanup functions when rcu_torture_stats
1180  * thread is not running).
1181  */
1182 static void
1183 rcu_torture_stats_print(void)
1184 {
1185 	int cpu;
1186 	int i;
1187 	long pipesummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1188 	long batchsummary[RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1] = { 0 };
1189 	static unsigned long rtcv_snap = ULONG_MAX;
1190 
1191 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1192 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1193 			pipesummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i];
1194 			batchsummary[i] += per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i];
1195 		}
1196 	}
1197 	for (i = RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
1198 		if (pipesummary[i] != 0)
1199 			break;
1200 	}
1201 
1202 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1203 	pr_cont("rtc: %p ver: %lu tfle: %d rta: %d rtaf: %d rtf: %d ",
1204 		rcu_torture_current,
1205 		rcu_torture_current_version,
1206 		list_empty(&rcu_torture_freelist),
1207 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc),
1208 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail),
1209 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_free));
1210 	pr_cont("rtmbe: %d rtbke: %ld rtbre: %ld ",
1211 		atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror),
1212 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror,
1213 		n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror);
1214 	pr_cont("rtbf: %ld rtb: %ld nt: %ld ",
1215 		n_rcu_torture_boost_failure,
1216 		n_rcu_torture_boosts,
1217 		n_rcu_torture_timers);
1218 	torture_onoff_stats();
1219 	pr_cont("barrier: %ld/%ld:%ld ",
1220 		n_barrier_successes,
1221 		n_barrier_attempts,
1222 		n_rcu_torture_barrier_error);
1223 	pr_cont("cbflood: %ld\n", atomic_long_read(&n_cbfloods));
1224 
1225 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1226 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_mberror) != 0 ||
1227 	    n_rcu_torture_barrier_error != 0 ||
1228 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror != 0 ||
1229 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror != 0 ||
1230 	    n_rcu_torture_boost_failure != 0 ||
1231 	    i > 1) {
1232 		pr_cont("%s", "!!! ");
1233 		atomic_inc(&n_rcu_torture_error);
1234 		WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1235 	}
1236 	pr_cont("Reader Pipe: ");
1237 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1238 		pr_cont(" %ld", pipesummary[i]);
1239 	pr_cont("\n");
1240 
1241 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1242 	pr_cont("Reader Batch: ");
1243 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1244 		pr_cont(" %ld", batchsummary[i]);
1245 	pr_cont("\n");
1246 
1247 	pr_alert("%s%s ", torture_type, TORTURE_FLAG);
1248 	pr_cont("Free-Block Circulation: ");
1249 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1250 		pr_cont(" %d", atomic_read(&rcu_torture_wcount[i]));
1251 	}
1252 	pr_cont("\n");
1253 
1254 	if (cur_ops->stats)
1255 		cur_ops->stats();
1256 	if (rtcv_snap == rcu_torture_current_version &&
1257 	    rcu_torture_current != NULL) {
1258 		int __maybe_unused flags;
1259 		unsigned long __maybe_unused gpnum;
1260 		unsigned long __maybe_unused completed;
1261 
1262 		rcutorture_get_gp_data(cur_ops->ttype,
1263 				       &flags, &gpnum, &completed);
1264 		pr_alert("??? Writer stall state %d g%lu c%lu f%#x\n",
1265 			 rcu_torture_writer_state,
1266 			 gpnum, completed, flags);
1267 		show_rcu_gp_kthreads();
1268 		rcutorture_trace_dump();
1269 	}
1270 	rtcv_snap = rcu_torture_current_version;
1271 }
1272 
1273 /*
1274  * Periodically prints torture statistics, if periodic statistics printing
1275  * was specified via the stat_interval module parameter.
1276  */
1277 static int
1278 rcu_torture_stats(void *arg)
1279 {
1280 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stats task started");
1281 	do {
1282 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stat_interval * HZ);
1283 		rcu_torture_stats_print();
1284 		torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stats");
1285 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1286 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_stats");
1287 	return 0;
1288 }
1289 
1290 static inline void
1291 rcu_torture_print_module_parms(struct rcu_torture_ops *cur_ops, const char *tag)
1292 {
1293 	pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1294 		 "--- %s: nreaders=%d nfakewriters=%d "
1295 		 "stat_interval=%d verbose=%d test_no_idle_hz=%d "
1296 		 "shuffle_interval=%d stutter=%d irqreader=%d "
1297 		 "fqs_duration=%d fqs_holdoff=%d fqs_stutter=%d "
1298 		 "test_boost=%d/%d test_boost_interval=%d "
1299 		 "test_boost_duration=%d shutdown_secs=%d "
1300 		 "stall_cpu=%d stall_cpu_holdoff=%d "
1301 		 "n_barrier_cbs=%d "
1302 		 "onoff_interval=%d onoff_holdoff=%d\n",
1303 		 torture_type, tag, nrealreaders, nfakewriters,
1304 		 stat_interval, verbose, test_no_idle_hz, shuffle_interval,
1305 		 stutter, irqreader, fqs_duration, fqs_holdoff, fqs_stutter,
1306 		 test_boost, cur_ops->can_boost,
1307 		 test_boost_interval, test_boost_duration, shutdown_secs,
1308 		 stall_cpu, stall_cpu_holdoff,
1309 		 n_barrier_cbs,
1310 		 onoff_interval, onoff_holdoff);
1311 }
1312 
1313 static void rcutorture_booster_cleanup(int cpu)
1314 {
1315 	struct task_struct *t;
1316 
1317 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] == NULL)
1318 		return;
1319 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1320 	t = boost_tasks[cpu];
1321 	boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1322 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1323 
1324 	/* This must be outside of the mutex, otherwise deadlock! */
1325 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_boost, t);
1326 }
1327 
1328 static int rcutorture_booster_init(int cpu)
1329 {
1330 	int retval;
1331 
1332 	if (boost_tasks[cpu] != NULL)
1333 		return 0;  /* Already created, nothing more to do. */
1334 
1335 	/* Don't allow time recalculation while creating a new task. */
1336 	mutex_lock(&boost_mutex);
1337 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("Creating rcu_torture_boost task");
1338 	boost_tasks[cpu] = kthread_create_on_node(rcu_torture_boost, NULL,
1339 						  cpu_to_node(cpu),
1340 						  "rcu_torture_boost");
1341 	if (IS_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu])) {
1342 		retval = PTR_ERR(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1343 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_boost task create failed");
1344 		n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror++;
1345 		boost_tasks[cpu] = NULL;
1346 		mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1347 		return retval;
1348 	}
1349 	kthread_bind(boost_tasks[cpu], cpu);
1350 	wake_up_process(boost_tasks[cpu]);
1351 	mutex_unlock(&boost_mutex);
1352 	return 0;
1353 }
1354 
1355 /*
1356  * CPU-stall kthread.  It waits as specified by stall_cpu_holdoff, then
1357  * induces a CPU stall for the time specified by stall_cpu.
1358  */
1359 static int rcu_torture_stall(void *args)
1360 {
1361 	unsigned long stop_at;
1362 
1363 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall task started");
1364 	if (stall_cpu_holdoff > 0) {
1365 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall begin holdoff");
1366 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(stall_cpu_holdoff * HZ);
1367 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_stall end holdoff");
1368 	}
1369 	if (!kthread_should_stop()) {
1370 		stop_at = get_seconds() + stall_cpu;
1371 		/* RCU CPU stall is expected behavior in following code. */
1372 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall start.\n");
1373 		rcu_read_lock();
1374 		preempt_disable();
1375 		while (ULONG_CMP_LT(get_seconds(), stop_at))
1376 			continue;  /* Induce RCU CPU stall warning. */
1377 		preempt_enable();
1378 		rcu_read_unlock();
1379 		pr_alert("rcu_torture_stall end.\n");
1380 	}
1381 	torture_shutdown_absorb("rcu_torture_stall");
1382 	while (!kthread_should_stop())
1383 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(10 * HZ);
1384 	return 0;
1385 }
1386 
1387 /* Spawn CPU-stall kthread, if stall_cpu specified. */
1388 static int __init rcu_torture_stall_init(void)
1389 {
1390 	if (stall_cpu <= 0)
1391 		return 0;
1392 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, NULL, stall_task);
1393 }
1394 
1395 /* Callback function for RCU barrier testing. */
1396 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cbf(struct rcu_head *rcu)
1397 {
1398 	atomic_inc(&barrier_cbs_invoked);
1399 }
1400 
1401 /* kthread function to register callbacks used to test RCU barriers. */
1402 static int rcu_torture_barrier_cbs(void *arg)
1403 {
1404 	long myid = (long)arg;
1405 	bool lastphase = 0;
1406 	bool newphase;
1407 	struct rcu_head rcu;
1408 
1409 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1410 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs task started");
1411 	set_user_nice(current, MAX_NICE);
1412 	do {
1413 		wait_event(barrier_cbs_wq[myid],
1414 			   (newphase =
1415 			    smp_load_acquire(&barrier_phase)) != lastphase ||
1416 			   torture_must_stop());
1417 		lastphase = newphase;
1418 		if (torture_must_stop())
1419 			break;
1420 		/*
1421 		 * The above smp_load_acquire() ensures barrier_phase load
1422 		 * is ordered before the folloiwng ->call().
1423 		 */
1424 		cur_ops->call(&rcu, rcu_torture_barrier_cbf);
1425 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&barrier_cbs_count))
1426 			wake_up(&barrier_wq);
1427 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1428 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1429 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1430 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rcu);
1431 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier_cbs");
1432 	return 0;
1433 }
1434 
1435 /* kthread function to drive and coordinate RCU barrier testing. */
1436 static int rcu_torture_barrier(void *arg)
1437 {
1438 	int i;
1439 
1440 	VERBOSE_TOROUT_STRING("rcu_torture_barrier task starting");
1441 	do {
1442 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1443 		atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, n_barrier_cbs);
1444 		/* Ensure barrier_phase ordered after prior assignments. */
1445 		smp_store_release(&barrier_phase, !barrier_phase);
1446 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1447 			wake_up(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1448 		wait_event(barrier_wq,
1449 			   atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_count) == 0 ||
1450 			   torture_must_stop());
1451 		if (torture_must_stop())
1452 			break;
1453 		n_barrier_attempts++;
1454 		cur_ops->cb_barrier(); /* Implies smp_mb() for wait_event(). */
1455 		if (atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked) != n_barrier_cbs) {
1456 			n_rcu_torture_barrier_error++;
1457 			pr_err("barrier_cbs_invoked = %d, n_barrier_cbs = %d\n",
1458 			       atomic_read(&barrier_cbs_invoked),
1459 			       n_barrier_cbs);
1460 			WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
1461 		}
1462 		n_barrier_successes++;
1463 		schedule_timeout_interruptible(HZ / 10);
1464 	} while (!torture_must_stop());
1465 	torture_kthread_stopping("rcu_torture_barrier");
1466 	return 0;
1467 }
1468 
1469 /* Initialize RCU barrier testing. */
1470 static int rcu_torture_barrier_init(void)
1471 {
1472 	int i;
1473 	int ret;
1474 
1475 	if (n_barrier_cbs == 0)
1476 		return 0;
1477 	if (cur_ops->call == NULL || cur_ops->cb_barrier == NULL) {
1478 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1479 			 " Call or barrier ops missing for %s,\n",
1480 			 torture_type, cur_ops->name);
1481 		pr_alert("%s" TORTURE_FLAG
1482 			 " RCU barrier testing omitted from run.\n",
1483 			 torture_type);
1484 		return 0;
1485 	}
1486 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_count, 0);
1487 	atomic_set(&barrier_cbs_invoked, 0);
1488 	barrier_cbs_tasks =
1489 		kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_tasks[0]),
1490 			GFP_KERNEL);
1491 	barrier_cbs_wq =
1492 		kzalloc(n_barrier_cbs * sizeof(barrier_cbs_wq[0]),
1493 			GFP_KERNEL);
1494 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks == NULL || !barrier_cbs_wq)
1495 		return -ENOMEM;
1496 	for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++) {
1497 		init_waitqueue_head(&barrier_cbs_wq[i]);
1498 		ret = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
1499 					     (void *)(long)i,
1500 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
1501 		if (ret)
1502 			return ret;
1503 	}
1504 	return torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, NULL, barrier_task);
1505 }
1506 
1507 /* Clean up after RCU barrier testing. */
1508 static void rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup(void)
1509 {
1510 	int i;
1511 
1512 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier, barrier_task);
1513 	if (barrier_cbs_tasks != NULL) {
1514 		for (i = 0; i < n_barrier_cbs; i++)
1515 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_barrier_cbs,
1516 					     barrier_cbs_tasks[i]);
1517 		kfree(barrier_cbs_tasks);
1518 		barrier_cbs_tasks = NULL;
1519 	}
1520 	if (barrier_cbs_wq != NULL) {
1521 		kfree(barrier_cbs_wq);
1522 		barrier_cbs_wq = NULL;
1523 	}
1524 }
1525 
1526 static int rcutorture_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
1527 				 unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
1528 {
1529 	long cpu = (long)hcpu;
1530 
1531 	switch (action) {
1532 	case CPU_ONLINE:
1533 	case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
1534 		(void)rcutorture_booster_init(cpu);
1535 		break;
1536 	case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
1537 		rcutorture_booster_cleanup(cpu);
1538 		break;
1539 	default:
1540 		break;
1541 	}
1542 	return NOTIFY_OK;
1543 }
1544 
1545 static struct notifier_block rcutorture_cpu_nb = {
1546 	.notifier_call = rcutorture_cpu_notify,
1547 };
1548 
1549 static void
1550 rcu_torture_cleanup(void)
1551 {
1552 	int i;
1553 
1554 	rcutorture_record_test_transition();
1555 	if (torture_cleanup_begin()) {
1556 		if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1557 			cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1558 		return;
1559 	}
1560 
1561 	rcu_torture_barrier_cleanup();
1562 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stall, stall_task);
1563 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, writer_task);
1564 
1565 	if (reader_tasks) {
1566 		for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++)
1567 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_reader,
1568 					     reader_tasks[i]);
1569 		kfree(reader_tasks);
1570 	}
1571 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
1572 
1573 	if (fakewriter_tasks) {
1574 		for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
1575 			torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
1576 					     fakewriter_tasks[i]);
1577 		}
1578 		kfree(fakewriter_tasks);
1579 		fakewriter_tasks = NULL;
1580 	}
1581 
1582 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, stats_task);
1583 	torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, fqs_task);
1584 	for (i = 0; i < ncbflooders; i++)
1585 		torture_stop_kthread(rcu_torture_cbflood, cbflood_task[i]);
1586 	if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
1587 	    test_boost == 2) {
1588 		unregister_cpu_notifier(&rcutorture_cpu_nb);
1589 		for_each_possible_cpu(i)
1590 			rcutorture_booster_cleanup(i);
1591 	}
1592 
1593 	/* Wait for all RCU callbacks to fire.  */
1594 
1595 	if (cur_ops->cb_barrier != NULL)
1596 		cur_ops->cb_barrier();
1597 
1598 	rcu_torture_stats_print();  /* -After- the stats thread is stopped! */
1599 
1600 	if (atomic_read(&n_rcu_torture_error) || n_rcu_torture_barrier_error)
1601 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: FAILURE");
1602 	else if (torture_onoff_failures())
1603 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops,
1604 					       "End of test: RCU_HOTPLUG");
1605 	else
1606 		rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "End of test: SUCCESS");
1607 	torture_cleanup_end();
1608 }
1609 
1610 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
1611 static void rcu_torture_leak_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1612 {
1613 }
1614 
1615 static void rcu_torture_err_cb(struct rcu_head *rhp)
1616 {
1617 	/*
1618 	 * This -might- happen due to race conditions, but is unlikely.
1619 	 * The scenario that leads to this happening is that the
1620 	 * first of the pair of duplicate callbacks is queued,
1621 	 * someone else starts a grace period that includes that
1622 	 * callback, then the second of the pair must wait for the
1623 	 * next grace period.  Unlikely, but can happen.  If it
1624 	 * does happen, the debug-objects subsystem won't have splatted.
1625 	 */
1626 	pr_alert("rcutorture: duplicated callback was invoked.\n");
1627 }
1628 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1629 
1630 /*
1631  * Verify that double-free causes debug-objects to complain, but only
1632  * if CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD=y.  Otherwise, say that the test
1633  * cannot be carried out.
1634  */
1635 static void rcu_test_debug_objects(void)
1636 {
1637 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD
1638 	struct rcu_head rh1;
1639 	struct rcu_head rh2;
1640 
1641 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
1642 	init_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
1643 	pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test starting.\n");
1644 
1645 	/* Try to queue the rh2 pair of callbacks for the same grace period. */
1646 	preempt_disable(); /* Prevent preemption from interrupting test. */
1647 	rcu_read_lock(); /* Make it impossible to finish a grace period. */
1648 	call_rcu(&rh1, rcu_torture_leak_cb); /* Start grace period. */
1649 	local_irq_disable(); /* Make it harder to start a new grace period. */
1650 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_leak_cb);
1651 	call_rcu(&rh2, rcu_torture_err_cb); /* Duplicate callback. */
1652 	local_irq_enable();
1653 	rcu_read_unlock();
1654 	preempt_enable();
1655 
1656 	/* Wait for them all to get done so we can safely return. */
1657 	rcu_barrier();
1658 	pr_alert("rcutorture: WARN: Duplicate call_rcu() test complete.\n");
1659 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh1);
1660 	destroy_rcu_head_on_stack(&rh2);
1661 #else /* #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1662 	pr_alert("rcutorture: !CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD, not testing duplicate call_rcu()\n");
1663 #endif /* #else #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_OBJECTS_RCU_HEAD */
1664 }
1665 
1666 static int __init
1667 rcu_torture_init(void)
1668 {
1669 	int i;
1670 	int cpu;
1671 	int firsterr = 0;
1672 	static struct rcu_torture_ops *torture_ops[] = {
1673 		&rcu_ops, &rcu_bh_ops, &rcu_busted_ops, &srcu_ops, &sched_ops,
1674 		RCUTORTURE_TASKS_OPS
1675 	};
1676 
1677 	if (!torture_init_begin(torture_type, verbose, &torture_runnable))
1678 		return -EBUSY;
1679 
1680 	/* Process args and tell the world that the torturer is on the job. */
1681 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++) {
1682 		cur_ops = torture_ops[i];
1683 		if (strcmp(torture_type, cur_ops->name) == 0)
1684 			break;
1685 	}
1686 	if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops)) {
1687 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: invalid torture type: \"%s\"\n",
1688 			 torture_type);
1689 		pr_alert("rcu-torture types:");
1690 		for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(torture_ops); i++)
1691 			pr_alert(" %s", torture_ops[i]->name);
1692 		pr_alert("\n");
1693 		torture_init_end();
1694 		return -EINVAL;
1695 	}
1696 	if (cur_ops->fqs == NULL && fqs_duration != 0) {
1697 		pr_alert("rcu-torture: ->fqs NULL and non-zero fqs_duration, fqs disabled.\n");
1698 		fqs_duration = 0;
1699 	}
1700 	if (cur_ops->init)
1701 		cur_ops->init(); /* no "goto unwind" prior to this point!!! */
1702 
1703 	if (nreaders >= 0) {
1704 		nrealreaders = nreaders;
1705 	} else {
1706 		nrealreaders = num_online_cpus() - 2 - nreaders;
1707 		if (nrealreaders <= 0)
1708 			nrealreaders = 1;
1709 	}
1710 	rcu_torture_print_module_parms(cur_ops, "Start of test");
1711 
1712 	/* Set up the freelist. */
1713 
1714 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rcu_torture_freelist);
1715 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(rcu_tortures); i++) {
1716 		rcu_tortures[i].rtort_mbtest = 0;
1717 		list_add_tail(&rcu_tortures[i].rtort_free,
1718 			      &rcu_torture_freelist);
1719 	}
1720 
1721 	/* Initialize the statistics so that each run gets its own numbers. */
1722 
1723 	rcu_torture_current = NULL;
1724 	rcu_torture_current_version = 0;
1725 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc, 0);
1726 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_alloc_fail, 0);
1727 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_free, 0);
1728 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_mberror, 0);
1729 	atomic_set(&n_rcu_torture_error, 0);
1730 	n_rcu_torture_barrier_error = 0;
1731 	n_rcu_torture_boost_ktrerror = 0;
1732 	n_rcu_torture_boost_rterror = 0;
1733 	n_rcu_torture_boost_failure = 0;
1734 	n_rcu_torture_boosts = 0;
1735 	for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++)
1736 		atomic_set(&rcu_torture_wcount[i], 0);
1737 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu) {
1738 		for (i = 0; i < RCU_TORTURE_PIPE_LEN + 1; i++) {
1739 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_count, cpu)[i] = 0;
1740 			per_cpu(rcu_torture_batch, cpu)[i] = 0;
1741 		}
1742 	}
1743 
1744 	/* Start up the kthreads. */
1745 
1746 	firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_writer, NULL,
1747 					  writer_task);
1748 	if (firsterr)
1749 		goto unwind;
1750 	fakewriter_tasks = kzalloc(nfakewriters * sizeof(fakewriter_tasks[0]),
1751 				   GFP_KERNEL);
1752 	if (fakewriter_tasks == NULL) {
1753 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1754 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1755 		goto unwind;
1756 	}
1757 	for (i = 0; i < nfakewriters; i++) {
1758 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fakewriter,
1759 						  NULL, fakewriter_tasks[i]);
1760 		if (firsterr)
1761 			goto unwind;
1762 	}
1763 	reader_tasks = kzalloc(nrealreaders * sizeof(reader_tasks[0]),
1764 			       GFP_KERNEL);
1765 	if (reader_tasks == NULL) {
1766 		VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1767 		firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1768 		goto unwind;
1769 	}
1770 	for (i = 0; i < nrealreaders; i++) {
1771 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_reader, NULL,
1772 						  reader_tasks[i]);
1773 		if (firsterr)
1774 			goto unwind;
1775 	}
1776 	if (stat_interval > 0) {
1777 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_stats, NULL,
1778 						  stats_task);
1779 		if (firsterr)
1780 			goto unwind;
1781 	}
1782 	if (test_no_idle_hz) {
1783 		firsterr = torture_shuffle_init(shuffle_interval * HZ);
1784 		if (firsterr)
1785 			goto unwind;
1786 	}
1787 	if (stutter < 0)
1788 		stutter = 0;
1789 	if (stutter) {
1790 		firsterr = torture_stutter_init(stutter * HZ);
1791 		if (firsterr)
1792 			goto unwind;
1793 	}
1794 	if (fqs_duration < 0)
1795 		fqs_duration = 0;
1796 	if (fqs_duration) {
1797 		/* Create the fqs thread */
1798 		firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_fqs, NULL,
1799 						  fqs_task);
1800 		if (firsterr)
1801 			goto unwind;
1802 	}
1803 	if (test_boost_interval < 1)
1804 		test_boost_interval = 1;
1805 	if (test_boost_duration < 2)
1806 		test_boost_duration = 2;
1807 	if ((test_boost == 1 && cur_ops->can_boost) ||
1808 	    test_boost == 2) {
1809 
1810 		boost_starttime = jiffies + test_boost_interval * HZ;
1811 		register_cpu_notifier(&rcutorture_cpu_nb);
1812 		for_each_possible_cpu(i) {
1813 			if (cpu_is_offline(i))
1814 				continue;  /* Heuristic: CPU can go offline. */
1815 			firsterr = rcutorture_booster_init(i);
1816 			if (firsterr)
1817 				goto unwind;
1818 		}
1819 	}
1820 	firsterr = torture_shutdown_init(shutdown_secs, rcu_torture_cleanup);
1821 	if (firsterr)
1822 		goto unwind;
1823 	firsterr = torture_onoff_init(onoff_holdoff * HZ, onoff_interval * HZ);
1824 	if (firsterr)
1825 		goto unwind;
1826 	firsterr = rcu_torture_stall_init();
1827 	if (firsterr)
1828 		goto unwind;
1829 	firsterr = rcu_torture_barrier_init();
1830 	if (firsterr)
1831 		goto unwind;
1832 	if (object_debug)
1833 		rcu_test_debug_objects();
1834 	if (cbflood_n_burst > 0) {
1835 		/* Create the cbflood threads */
1836 		ncbflooders = (num_online_cpus() + 3) / 4;
1837 		cbflood_task = kcalloc(ncbflooders, sizeof(*cbflood_task),
1838 				       GFP_KERNEL);
1839 		if (!cbflood_task) {
1840 			VERBOSE_TOROUT_ERRSTRING("out of memory");
1841 			firsterr = -ENOMEM;
1842 			goto unwind;
1843 		}
1844 		for (i = 0; i < ncbflooders; i++) {
1845 			firsterr = torture_create_kthread(rcu_torture_cbflood,
1846 							  NULL,
1847 							  cbflood_task[i]);
1848 			if (firsterr)
1849 				goto unwind;
1850 		}
1851 	}
1852 	rcutorture_record_test_transition();
1853 	torture_init_end();
1854 	return 0;
1855 
1856 unwind:
1857 	torture_init_end();
1858 	rcu_torture_cleanup();
1859 	return firsterr;
1860 }
1861 
1862 module_init(rcu_torture_init);
1863 module_exit(rcu_torture_cleanup);
1864