xref: /linux/kernel/power/swap.c (revision c537b994505099b7197e7d3125b942ecbcc51eb6)
1 /*
2  * linux/kernel/power/swap.c
3  *
4  * This file provides functions for reading the suspend image from
5  * and writing it to a swap partition.
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 1998,2001-2005 Pavel Machek <pavel@suse.cz>
8  * Copyright (C) 2006 Rafael J. Wysocki <rjw@sisk.pl>
9  *
10  * This file is released under the GPLv2.
11  *
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/module.h>
15 #include <linux/smp_lock.h>
16 #include <linux/file.h>
17 #include <linux/utsname.h>
18 #include <linux/version.h>
19 #include <linux/delay.h>
20 #include <linux/bitops.h>
21 #include <linux/genhd.h>
22 #include <linux/device.h>
23 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
24 #include <linux/bio.h>
25 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
26 #include <linux/swap.h>
27 #include <linux/swapops.h>
28 #include <linux/pm.h>
29 
30 #include "power.h"
31 
32 extern char resume_file[];
33 
34 #define SWSUSP_SIG	"S1SUSPEND"
35 
36 static struct swsusp_header {
37 	char reserved[PAGE_SIZE - 20 - sizeof(sector_t)];
38 	sector_t image;
39 	char	orig_sig[10];
40 	char	sig[10];
41 } __attribute__((packed, aligned(PAGE_SIZE))) swsusp_header;
42 
43 /*
44  * General things
45  */
46 
47 static unsigned short root_swap = 0xffff;
48 static struct block_device *resume_bdev;
49 
50 /**
51  *	submit - submit BIO request.
52  *	@rw:	READ or WRITE.
53  *	@off	physical offset of page.
54  *	@page:	page we're reading or writing.
55  *	@bio_chain: list of pending biod (for async reading)
56  *
57  *	Straight from the textbook - allocate and initialize the bio.
58  *	If we're reading, make sure the page is marked as dirty.
59  *	Then submit it and, if @bio_chain == NULL, wait.
60  */
61 static int submit(int rw, pgoff_t page_off, struct page *page,
62 			struct bio **bio_chain)
63 {
64 	struct bio *bio;
65 
66 	bio = bio_alloc(__GFP_WAIT | __GFP_HIGH, 1);
67 	if (!bio)
68 		return -ENOMEM;
69 	bio->bi_sector = page_off * (PAGE_SIZE >> 9);
70 	bio->bi_bdev = resume_bdev;
71 	bio->bi_end_io = end_swap_bio_read;
72 
73 	if (bio_add_page(bio, page, PAGE_SIZE, 0) < PAGE_SIZE) {
74 		printk("swsusp: ERROR: adding page to bio at %ld\n", page_off);
75 		bio_put(bio);
76 		return -EFAULT;
77 	}
78 
79 	lock_page(page);
80 	bio_get(bio);
81 
82 	if (bio_chain == NULL) {
83 		submit_bio(rw | (1 << BIO_RW_SYNC), bio);
84 		wait_on_page_locked(page);
85 		if (rw == READ)
86 			bio_set_pages_dirty(bio);
87 		bio_put(bio);
88 	} else {
89 		if (rw == READ)
90 			get_page(page);	/* These pages are freed later */
91 		bio->bi_private = *bio_chain;
92 		*bio_chain = bio;
93 		submit_bio(rw | (1 << BIO_RW_SYNC), bio);
94 	}
95 	return 0;
96 }
97 
98 static int bio_read_page(pgoff_t page_off, void *addr, struct bio **bio_chain)
99 {
100 	return submit(READ, page_off, virt_to_page(addr), bio_chain);
101 }
102 
103 static int bio_write_page(pgoff_t page_off, void *addr, struct bio **bio_chain)
104 {
105 	return submit(WRITE, page_off, virt_to_page(addr), bio_chain);
106 }
107 
108 static int wait_on_bio_chain(struct bio **bio_chain)
109 {
110 	struct bio *bio;
111 	struct bio *next_bio;
112 	int ret = 0;
113 
114 	if (bio_chain == NULL)
115 		return 0;
116 
117 	bio = *bio_chain;
118 	if (bio == NULL)
119 		return 0;
120 	while (bio) {
121 		struct page *page;
122 
123 		next_bio = bio->bi_private;
124 		page = bio->bi_io_vec[0].bv_page;
125 		wait_on_page_locked(page);
126 		if (!PageUptodate(page) || PageError(page))
127 			ret = -EIO;
128 		put_page(page);
129 		bio_put(bio);
130 		bio = next_bio;
131 	}
132 	*bio_chain = NULL;
133 	return ret;
134 }
135 
136 /*
137  * Saving part
138  */
139 
140 static int mark_swapfiles(sector_t start)
141 {
142 	int error;
143 
144 	bio_read_page(swsusp_resume_block, &swsusp_header, NULL);
145 	if (!memcmp("SWAP-SPACE",swsusp_header.sig, 10) ||
146 	    !memcmp("SWAPSPACE2",swsusp_header.sig, 10)) {
147 		memcpy(swsusp_header.orig_sig,swsusp_header.sig, 10);
148 		memcpy(swsusp_header.sig,SWSUSP_SIG, 10);
149 		swsusp_header.image = start;
150 		error = bio_write_page(swsusp_resume_block,
151 					&swsusp_header, NULL);
152 	} else {
153 		printk(KERN_ERR "swsusp: Swap header not found!\n");
154 		error = -ENODEV;
155 	}
156 	return error;
157 }
158 
159 /**
160  *	swsusp_swap_check - check if the resume device is a swap device
161  *	and get its index (if so)
162  */
163 
164 static int swsusp_swap_check(void) /* This is called before saving image */
165 {
166 	int res;
167 
168 	res = swap_type_of(swsusp_resume_device, swsusp_resume_block,
169 			&resume_bdev);
170 	if (res < 0)
171 		return res;
172 
173 	root_swap = res;
174 	res = blkdev_get(resume_bdev, FMODE_WRITE, O_RDWR);
175 	if (res)
176 		return res;
177 
178 	res = set_blocksize(resume_bdev, PAGE_SIZE);
179 	if (res < 0)
180 		blkdev_put(resume_bdev);
181 
182 	return res;
183 }
184 
185 /**
186  *	write_page - Write one page to given swap location.
187  *	@buf:		Address we're writing.
188  *	@offset:	Offset of the swap page we're writing to.
189  *	@bio_chain:	Link the next write BIO here
190  */
191 
192 static int write_page(void *buf, sector_t offset, struct bio **bio_chain)
193 {
194 	void *src;
195 
196 	if (!offset)
197 		return -ENOSPC;
198 
199 	if (bio_chain) {
200 		src = (void *)__get_free_page(__GFP_WAIT | __GFP_HIGH);
201 		if (src) {
202 			memcpy(src, buf, PAGE_SIZE);
203 		} else {
204 			WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
205 			bio_chain = NULL;	/* Go synchronous */
206 			src = buf;
207 		}
208 	} else {
209 		src = buf;
210 	}
211 	return bio_write_page(offset, src, bio_chain);
212 }
213 
214 /*
215  *	The swap map is a data structure used for keeping track of each page
216  *	written to a swap partition.  It consists of many swap_map_page
217  *	structures that contain each an array of MAP_PAGE_SIZE swap entries.
218  *	These structures are stored on the swap and linked together with the
219  *	help of the .next_swap member.
220  *
221  *	The swap map is created during suspend.  The swap map pages are
222  *	allocated and populated one at a time, so we only need one memory
223  *	page to set up the entire structure.
224  *
225  *	During resume we also only need to use one swap_map_page structure
226  *	at a time.
227  */
228 
229 #define MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES	(PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(sector_t) - 1)
230 
231 struct swap_map_page {
232 	sector_t entries[MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES];
233 	sector_t next_swap;
234 };
235 
236 /**
237  *	The swap_map_handle structure is used for handling swap in
238  *	a file-alike way
239  */
240 
241 struct swap_map_handle {
242 	struct swap_map_page *cur;
243 	sector_t cur_swap;
244 	struct bitmap_page *bitmap;
245 	unsigned int k;
246 };
247 
248 static void release_swap_writer(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
249 {
250 	if (handle->cur)
251 		free_page((unsigned long)handle->cur);
252 	handle->cur = NULL;
253 	if (handle->bitmap)
254 		free_bitmap(handle->bitmap);
255 	handle->bitmap = NULL;
256 }
257 
258 static int get_swap_writer(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
259 {
260 	handle->cur = (struct swap_map_page *)get_zeroed_page(GFP_KERNEL);
261 	if (!handle->cur)
262 		return -ENOMEM;
263 	handle->bitmap = alloc_bitmap(count_swap_pages(root_swap, 0));
264 	if (!handle->bitmap) {
265 		release_swap_writer(handle);
266 		return -ENOMEM;
267 	}
268 	handle->cur_swap = alloc_swapdev_block(root_swap, handle->bitmap);
269 	if (!handle->cur_swap) {
270 		release_swap_writer(handle);
271 		return -ENOSPC;
272 	}
273 	handle->k = 0;
274 	return 0;
275 }
276 
277 static int swap_write_page(struct swap_map_handle *handle, void *buf,
278 				struct bio **bio_chain)
279 {
280 	int error = 0;
281 	sector_t offset;
282 
283 	if (!handle->cur)
284 		return -EINVAL;
285 	offset = alloc_swapdev_block(root_swap, handle->bitmap);
286 	error = write_page(buf, offset, bio_chain);
287 	if (error)
288 		return error;
289 	handle->cur->entries[handle->k++] = offset;
290 	if (handle->k >= MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES) {
291 		error = wait_on_bio_chain(bio_chain);
292 		if (error)
293 			goto out;
294 		offset = alloc_swapdev_block(root_swap, handle->bitmap);
295 		if (!offset)
296 			return -ENOSPC;
297 		handle->cur->next_swap = offset;
298 		error = write_page(handle->cur, handle->cur_swap, NULL);
299 		if (error)
300 			goto out;
301 		memset(handle->cur, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
302 		handle->cur_swap = offset;
303 		handle->k = 0;
304 	}
305  out:
306 	return error;
307 }
308 
309 static int flush_swap_writer(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
310 {
311 	if (handle->cur && handle->cur_swap)
312 		return write_page(handle->cur, handle->cur_swap, NULL);
313 	else
314 		return -EINVAL;
315 }
316 
317 /**
318  *	save_image - save the suspend image data
319  */
320 
321 static int save_image(struct swap_map_handle *handle,
322                       struct snapshot_handle *snapshot,
323                       unsigned int nr_to_write)
324 {
325 	unsigned int m;
326 	int ret;
327 	int error = 0;
328 	int nr_pages;
329 	int err2;
330 	struct bio *bio;
331 	struct timeval start;
332 	struct timeval stop;
333 
334 	printk("Saving image data pages (%u pages) ...     ", nr_to_write);
335 	m = nr_to_write / 100;
336 	if (!m)
337 		m = 1;
338 	nr_pages = 0;
339 	bio = NULL;
340 	do_gettimeofday(&start);
341 	do {
342 		ret = snapshot_read_next(snapshot, PAGE_SIZE);
343 		if (ret > 0) {
344 			error = swap_write_page(handle, data_of(*snapshot),
345 						&bio);
346 			if (error)
347 				break;
348 			if (!(nr_pages % m))
349 				printk("\b\b\b\b%3d%%", nr_pages / m);
350 			nr_pages++;
351 		}
352 	} while (ret > 0);
353 	err2 = wait_on_bio_chain(&bio);
354 	do_gettimeofday(&stop);
355 	if (!error)
356 		error = err2;
357 	if (!error)
358 		printk("\b\b\b\bdone\n");
359 	swsusp_show_speed(&start, &stop, nr_to_write, "Wrote");
360 	return error;
361 }
362 
363 /**
364  *	enough_swap - Make sure we have enough swap to save the image.
365  *
366  *	Returns TRUE or FALSE after checking the total amount of swap
367  *	space avaiable from the resume partition.
368  */
369 
370 static int enough_swap(unsigned int nr_pages)
371 {
372 	unsigned int free_swap = count_swap_pages(root_swap, 1);
373 
374 	pr_debug("swsusp: free swap pages: %u\n", free_swap);
375 	return free_swap > nr_pages + PAGES_FOR_IO;
376 }
377 
378 /**
379  *	swsusp_write - Write entire image and metadata.
380  *
381  *	It is important _NOT_ to umount filesystems at this point. We want
382  *	them synced (in case something goes wrong) but we DO not want to mark
383  *	filesystem clean: it is not. (And it does not matter, if we resume
384  *	correctly, we'll mark system clean, anyway.)
385  */
386 
387 int swsusp_write(void)
388 {
389 	struct swap_map_handle handle;
390 	struct snapshot_handle snapshot;
391 	struct swsusp_info *header;
392 	int error;
393 
394 	error = swsusp_swap_check();
395 	if (error) {
396 		printk(KERN_ERR "swsusp: Cannot find swap device, try "
397 				"swapon -a.\n");
398 		return error;
399 	}
400 	memset(&snapshot, 0, sizeof(struct snapshot_handle));
401 	error = snapshot_read_next(&snapshot, PAGE_SIZE);
402 	if (error < PAGE_SIZE) {
403 		if (error >= 0)
404 			error = -EFAULT;
405 
406 		goto out;
407 	}
408 	header = (struct swsusp_info *)data_of(snapshot);
409 	if (!enough_swap(header->pages)) {
410 		printk(KERN_ERR "swsusp: Not enough free swap\n");
411 		error = -ENOSPC;
412 		goto out;
413 	}
414 	error = get_swap_writer(&handle);
415 	if (!error) {
416 		sector_t start = handle.cur_swap;
417 
418 		error = swap_write_page(&handle, header, NULL);
419 		if (!error)
420 			error = save_image(&handle, &snapshot,
421 					header->pages - 1);
422 
423 		if (!error) {
424 			flush_swap_writer(&handle);
425 			printk("S");
426 			error = mark_swapfiles(start);
427 			printk("|\n");
428 		}
429 	}
430 	if (error)
431 		free_all_swap_pages(root_swap, handle.bitmap);
432 	release_swap_writer(&handle);
433  out:
434 	swsusp_close();
435 	return error;
436 }
437 
438 /**
439  *	The following functions allow us to read data using a swap map
440  *	in a file-alike way
441  */
442 
443 static void release_swap_reader(struct swap_map_handle *handle)
444 {
445 	if (handle->cur)
446 		free_page((unsigned long)handle->cur);
447 	handle->cur = NULL;
448 }
449 
450 static int get_swap_reader(struct swap_map_handle *handle, sector_t start)
451 {
452 	int error;
453 
454 	if (!start)
455 		return -EINVAL;
456 
457 	handle->cur = (struct swap_map_page *)get_zeroed_page(__GFP_WAIT | __GFP_HIGH);
458 	if (!handle->cur)
459 		return -ENOMEM;
460 
461 	error = bio_read_page(start, handle->cur, NULL);
462 	if (error) {
463 		release_swap_reader(handle);
464 		return error;
465 	}
466 	handle->k = 0;
467 	return 0;
468 }
469 
470 static int swap_read_page(struct swap_map_handle *handle, void *buf,
471 				struct bio **bio_chain)
472 {
473 	sector_t offset;
474 	int error;
475 
476 	if (!handle->cur)
477 		return -EINVAL;
478 	offset = handle->cur->entries[handle->k];
479 	if (!offset)
480 		return -EFAULT;
481 	error = bio_read_page(offset, buf, bio_chain);
482 	if (error)
483 		return error;
484 	if (++handle->k >= MAP_PAGE_ENTRIES) {
485 		error = wait_on_bio_chain(bio_chain);
486 		handle->k = 0;
487 		offset = handle->cur->next_swap;
488 		if (!offset)
489 			release_swap_reader(handle);
490 		else if (!error)
491 			error = bio_read_page(offset, handle->cur, NULL);
492 	}
493 	return error;
494 }
495 
496 /**
497  *	load_image - load the image using the swap map handle
498  *	@handle and the snapshot handle @snapshot
499  *	(assume there are @nr_pages pages to load)
500  */
501 
502 static int load_image(struct swap_map_handle *handle,
503                       struct snapshot_handle *snapshot,
504                       unsigned int nr_to_read)
505 {
506 	unsigned int m;
507 	int error = 0;
508 	struct timeval start;
509 	struct timeval stop;
510 	struct bio *bio;
511 	int err2;
512 	unsigned nr_pages;
513 
514 	printk("Loading image data pages (%u pages) ...     ", nr_to_read);
515 	m = nr_to_read / 100;
516 	if (!m)
517 		m = 1;
518 	nr_pages = 0;
519 	bio = NULL;
520 	do_gettimeofday(&start);
521 	for ( ; ; ) {
522 		error = snapshot_write_next(snapshot, PAGE_SIZE);
523 		if (error <= 0)
524 			break;
525 		error = swap_read_page(handle, data_of(*snapshot), &bio);
526 		if (error)
527 			break;
528 		if (snapshot->sync_read)
529 			error = wait_on_bio_chain(&bio);
530 		if (error)
531 			break;
532 		if (!(nr_pages % m))
533 			printk("\b\b\b\b%3d%%", nr_pages / m);
534 		nr_pages++;
535 	}
536 	err2 = wait_on_bio_chain(&bio);
537 	do_gettimeofday(&stop);
538 	if (!error)
539 		error = err2;
540 	if (!error) {
541 		printk("\b\b\b\bdone\n");
542 		snapshot_write_finalize(snapshot);
543 		if (!snapshot_image_loaded(snapshot))
544 			error = -ENODATA;
545 	}
546 	swsusp_show_speed(&start, &stop, nr_to_read, "Read");
547 	return error;
548 }
549 
550 int swsusp_read(void)
551 {
552 	int error;
553 	struct swap_map_handle handle;
554 	struct snapshot_handle snapshot;
555 	struct swsusp_info *header;
556 
557 	if (IS_ERR(resume_bdev)) {
558 		pr_debug("swsusp: block device not initialised\n");
559 		return PTR_ERR(resume_bdev);
560 	}
561 
562 	memset(&snapshot, 0, sizeof(struct snapshot_handle));
563 	error = snapshot_write_next(&snapshot, PAGE_SIZE);
564 	if (error < PAGE_SIZE)
565 		return error < 0 ? error : -EFAULT;
566 	header = (struct swsusp_info *)data_of(snapshot);
567 	error = get_swap_reader(&handle, swsusp_header.image);
568 	if (!error)
569 		error = swap_read_page(&handle, header, NULL);
570 	if (!error)
571 		error = load_image(&handle, &snapshot, header->pages - 1);
572 	release_swap_reader(&handle);
573 
574 	blkdev_put(resume_bdev);
575 
576 	if (!error)
577 		pr_debug("swsusp: Reading resume file was successful\n");
578 	else
579 		pr_debug("swsusp: Error %d resuming\n", error);
580 	return error;
581 }
582 
583 /**
584  *      swsusp_check - Check for swsusp signature in the resume device
585  */
586 
587 int swsusp_check(void)
588 {
589 	int error;
590 
591 	resume_bdev = open_by_devnum(swsusp_resume_device, FMODE_READ);
592 	if (!IS_ERR(resume_bdev)) {
593 		set_blocksize(resume_bdev, PAGE_SIZE);
594 		memset(&swsusp_header, 0, sizeof(swsusp_header));
595 		error = bio_read_page(swsusp_resume_block,
596 					&swsusp_header, NULL);
597 		if (error)
598 			return error;
599 
600 		if (!memcmp(SWSUSP_SIG, swsusp_header.sig, 10)) {
601 			memcpy(swsusp_header.sig, swsusp_header.orig_sig, 10);
602 			/* Reset swap signature now */
603 			error = bio_write_page(swsusp_resume_block,
604 						&swsusp_header, NULL);
605 		} else {
606 			return -EINVAL;
607 		}
608 		if (error)
609 			blkdev_put(resume_bdev);
610 		else
611 			pr_debug("swsusp: Signature found, resuming\n");
612 	} else {
613 		error = PTR_ERR(resume_bdev);
614 	}
615 
616 	if (error)
617 		pr_debug("swsusp: Error %d check for resume file\n", error);
618 
619 	return error;
620 }
621 
622 /**
623  *	swsusp_close - close swap device.
624  */
625 
626 void swsusp_close(void)
627 {
628 	if (IS_ERR(resume_bdev)) {
629 		pr_debug("swsusp: block device not initialised\n");
630 		return;
631 	}
632 
633 	blkdev_put(resume_bdev);
634 }
635