xref: /linux/kernel/panic.c (revision d8e473182ab9e85708067be81d20424045d939fa)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *  linux/kernel/panic.c
4  *
5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
6  */
7 
8 /*
9  * This function is used through-out the kernel (including mm and fs)
10  * to indicate a major problem.
11  */
12 #include <linux/debug_locks.h>
13 #include <linux/sched/debug.h>
14 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
15 #include <linux/kgdb.h>
16 #include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
17 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
18 #include <linux/notifier.h>
19 #include <linux/vt_kern.h>
20 #include <linux/module.h>
21 #include <linux/random.h>
22 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
23 #include <linux/reboot.h>
24 #include <linux/delay.h>
25 #include <linux/kexec.h>
26 #include <linux/panic_notifier.h>
27 #include <linux/sched.h>
28 #include <linux/string_helpers.h>
29 #include <linux/sysrq.h>
30 #include <linux/init.h>
31 #include <linux/nmi.h>
32 #include <linux/console.h>
33 #include <linux/bug.h>
34 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
35 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
36 #include <linux/sysfs.h>
37 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
38 #include <trace/events/error_report.h>
39 #include <asm/sections.h>
40 
41 #define PANIC_TIMER_STEP 100
42 #define PANIC_BLINK_SPD 18
43 
44 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
45 /*
46  * Should we dump all CPUs backtraces in an oops event?
47  * Defaults to 0, can be changed via sysctl.
48  */
49 static unsigned int __read_mostly sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace;
50 #else
51 #define sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace 0
52 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
53 
54 int panic_on_oops = CONFIG_PANIC_ON_OOPS_VALUE;
55 static unsigned long tainted_mask =
56 	IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDSTRUCT) ? (1 << TAINT_RANDSTRUCT) : 0;
57 static int pause_on_oops;
58 static int pause_on_oops_flag;
59 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(pause_on_oops_lock);
60 bool crash_kexec_post_notifiers;
61 int panic_on_warn __read_mostly;
62 unsigned long panic_on_taint;
63 bool panic_on_taint_nousertaint = false;
64 static unsigned int warn_limit __read_mostly;
65 
66 int panic_timeout = CONFIG_PANIC_TIMEOUT;
67 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(panic_timeout);
68 
69 #define PANIC_PRINT_TASK_INFO		0x00000001
70 #define PANIC_PRINT_MEM_INFO		0x00000002
71 #define PANIC_PRINT_TIMER_INFO		0x00000004
72 #define PANIC_PRINT_LOCK_INFO		0x00000008
73 #define PANIC_PRINT_FTRACE_INFO		0x00000010
74 #define PANIC_PRINT_ALL_PRINTK_MSG	0x00000020
75 #define PANIC_PRINT_ALL_CPU_BT		0x00000040
76 unsigned long panic_print;
77 
78 ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(panic_notifier_list);
79 
80 EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_notifier_list);
81 
82 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
83 static struct ctl_table kern_panic_table[] = {
84 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
85 	{
86 		.procname       = "oops_all_cpu_backtrace",
87 		.data           = &sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace,
88 		.maxlen         = sizeof(int),
89 		.mode           = 0644,
90 		.proc_handler   = proc_dointvec_minmax,
91 		.extra1         = SYSCTL_ZERO,
92 		.extra2         = SYSCTL_ONE,
93 	},
94 #endif
95 	{
96 		.procname       = "warn_limit",
97 		.data           = &warn_limit,
98 		.maxlen         = sizeof(warn_limit),
99 		.mode           = 0644,
100 		.proc_handler   = proc_douintvec,
101 	},
102 	{ }
103 };
104 
105 static __init int kernel_panic_sysctls_init(void)
106 {
107 	register_sysctl_init("kernel", kern_panic_table);
108 	return 0;
109 }
110 late_initcall(kernel_panic_sysctls_init);
111 #endif
112 
113 static atomic_t warn_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
114 
115 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSFS
116 static ssize_t warn_count_show(struct kobject *kobj, struct kobj_attribute *attr,
117 			       char *page)
118 {
119 	return sysfs_emit(page, "%d\n", atomic_read(&warn_count));
120 }
121 
122 static struct kobj_attribute warn_count_attr = __ATTR_RO(warn_count);
123 
124 static __init int kernel_panic_sysfs_init(void)
125 {
126 	sysfs_add_file_to_group(kernel_kobj, &warn_count_attr.attr, NULL);
127 	return 0;
128 }
129 late_initcall(kernel_panic_sysfs_init);
130 #endif
131 
132 static long no_blink(int state)
133 {
134 	return 0;
135 }
136 
137 /* Returns how long it waited in ms */
138 long (*panic_blink)(int state);
139 EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic_blink);
140 
141 /*
142  * Stop ourself in panic -- architecture code may override this
143  */
144 void __weak panic_smp_self_stop(void)
145 {
146 	while (1)
147 		cpu_relax();
148 }
149 
150 /*
151  * Stop ourselves in NMI context if another CPU has already panicked. Arch code
152  * may override this to prepare for crash dumping, e.g. save regs info.
153  */
154 void __weak nmi_panic_self_stop(struct pt_regs *regs)
155 {
156 	panic_smp_self_stop();
157 }
158 
159 /*
160  * Stop other CPUs in panic.  Architecture dependent code may override this
161  * with more suitable version.  For example, if the architecture supports
162  * crash dump, it should save registers of each stopped CPU and disable
163  * per-CPU features such as virtualization extensions.
164  */
165 void __weak crash_smp_send_stop(void)
166 {
167 	static int cpus_stopped;
168 
169 	/*
170 	 * This function can be called twice in panic path, but obviously
171 	 * we execute this only once.
172 	 */
173 	if (cpus_stopped)
174 		return;
175 
176 	/*
177 	 * Note smp_send_stop is the usual smp shutdown function, which
178 	 * unfortunately means it may not be hardened to work in a panic
179 	 * situation.
180 	 */
181 	smp_send_stop();
182 	cpus_stopped = 1;
183 }
184 
185 atomic_t panic_cpu = ATOMIC_INIT(PANIC_CPU_INVALID);
186 
187 /*
188  * A variant of panic() called from NMI context. We return if we've already
189  * panicked on this CPU. If another CPU already panicked, loop in
190  * nmi_panic_self_stop() which can provide architecture dependent code such
191  * as saving register state for crash dump.
192  */
193 void nmi_panic(struct pt_regs *regs, const char *msg)
194 {
195 	int old_cpu, cpu;
196 
197 	cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
198 	old_cpu = atomic_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID, cpu);
199 
200 	if (old_cpu == PANIC_CPU_INVALID)
201 		panic("%s", msg);
202 	else if (old_cpu != cpu)
203 		nmi_panic_self_stop(regs);
204 }
205 EXPORT_SYMBOL(nmi_panic);
206 
207 static void panic_print_sys_info(bool console_flush)
208 {
209 	if (console_flush) {
210 		if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_ALL_PRINTK_MSG)
211 			console_flush_on_panic(CONSOLE_REPLAY_ALL);
212 		return;
213 	}
214 
215 	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_ALL_CPU_BT)
216 		trigger_all_cpu_backtrace();
217 
218 	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_TASK_INFO)
219 		show_state();
220 
221 	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_MEM_INFO)
222 		show_mem(0, NULL);
223 
224 	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_TIMER_INFO)
225 		sysrq_timer_list_show();
226 
227 	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_LOCK_INFO)
228 		debug_show_all_locks();
229 
230 	if (panic_print & PANIC_PRINT_FTRACE_INFO)
231 		ftrace_dump(DUMP_ALL);
232 }
233 
234 void check_panic_on_warn(const char *origin)
235 {
236 	unsigned int limit;
237 
238 	if (panic_on_warn)
239 		panic("%s: panic_on_warn set ...\n", origin);
240 
241 	limit = READ_ONCE(warn_limit);
242 	if (atomic_inc_return(&warn_count) >= limit && limit)
243 		panic("%s: system warned too often (kernel.warn_limit is %d)",
244 		      origin, limit);
245 }
246 
247 /**
248  *	panic - halt the system
249  *	@fmt: The text string to print
250  *
251  *	Display a message, then perform cleanups.
252  *
253  *	This function never returns.
254  */
255 void panic(const char *fmt, ...)
256 {
257 	static char buf[1024];
258 	va_list args;
259 	long i, i_next = 0, len;
260 	int state = 0;
261 	int old_cpu, this_cpu;
262 	bool _crash_kexec_post_notifiers = crash_kexec_post_notifiers;
263 
264 	if (panic_on_warn) {
265 		/*
266 		 * This thread may hit another WARN() in the panic path.
267 		 * Resetting this prevents additional WARN() from panicking the
268 		 * system on this thread.  Other threads are blocked by the
269 		 * panic_mutex in panic().
270 		 */
271 		panic_on_warn = 0;
272 	}
273 
274 	/*
275 	 * Disable local interrupts. This will prevent panic_smp_self_stop
276 	 * from deadlocking the first cpu that invokes the panic, since
277 	 * there is nothing to prevent an interrupt handler (that runs
278 	 * after setting panic_cpu) from invoking panic() again.
279 	 */
280 	local_irq_disable();
281 	preempt_disable_notrace();
282 
283 	/*
284 	 * It's possible to come here directly from a panic-assertion and
285 	 * not have preempt disabled. Some functions called from here want
286 	 * preempt to be disabled. No point enabling it later though...
287 	 *
288 	 * Only one CPU is allowed to execute the panic code from here. For
289 	 * multiple parallel invocations of panic, all other CPUs either
290 	 * stop themself or will wait until they are stopped by the 1st CPU
291 	 * with smp_send_stop().
292 	 *
293 	 * `old_cpu == PANIC_CPU_INVALID' means this is the 1st CPU which
294 	 * comes here, so go ahead.
295 	 * `old_cpu == this_cpu' means we came from nmi_panic() which sets
296 	 * panic_cpu to this CPU.  In this case, this is also the 1st CPU.
297 	 */
298 	this_cpu = raw_smp_processor_id();
299 	old_cpu  = atomic_cmpxchg(&panic_cpu, PANIC_CPU_INVALID, this_cpu);
300 
301 	if (old_cpu != PANIC_CPU_INVALID && old_cpu != this_cpu)
302 		panic_smp_self_stop();
303 
304 	console_verbose();
305 	bust_spinlocks(1);
306 	va_start(args, fmt);
307 	len = vscnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
308 	va_end(args);
309 
310 	if (len && buf[len - 1] == '\n')
311 		buf[len - 1] = '\0';
312 
313 	pr_emerg("Kernel panic - not syncing: %s\n", buf);
314 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
315 	/*
316 	 * Avoid nested stack-dumping if a panic occurs during oops processing
317 	 */
318 	if (!test_taint(TAINT_DIE) && oops_in_progress <= 1)
319 		dump_stack();
320 #endif
321 
322 	/*
323 	 * If kgdb is enabled, give it a chance to run before we stop all
324 	 * the other CPUs or else we won't be able to debug processes left
325 	 * running on them.
326 	 */
327 	kgdb_panic(buf);
328 
329 	/*
330 	 * If we have crashed and we have a crash kernel loaded let it handle
331 	 * everything else.
332 	 * If we want to run this after calling panic_notifiers, pass
333 	 * the "crash_kexec_post_notifiers" option to the kernel.
334 	 *
335 	 * Bypass the panic_cpu check and call __crash_kexec directly.
336 	 */
337 	if (!_crash_kexec_post_notifiers) {
338 		__crash_kexec(NULL);
339 
340 		/*
341 		 * Note smp_send_stop is the usual smp shutdown function, which
342 		 * unfortunately means it may not be hardened to work in a
343 		 * panic situation.
344 		 */
345 		smp_send_stop();
346 	} else {
347 		/*
348 		 * If we want to do crash dump after notifier calls and
349 		 * kmsg_dump, we will need architecture dependent extra
350 		 * works in addition to stopping other CPUs.
351 		 */
352 		crash_smp_send_stop();
353 	}
354 
355 	/*
356 	 * Run any panic handlers, including those that might need to
357 	 * add information to the kmsg dump output.
358 	 */
359 	atomic_notifier_call_chain(&panic_notifier_list, 0, buf);
360 
361 	panic_print_sys_info(false);
362 
363 	kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_PANIC);
364 
365 	/*
366 	 * If you doubt kdump always works fine in any situation,
367 	 * "crash_kexec_post_notifiers" offers you a chance to run
368 	 * panic_notifiers and dumping kmsg before kdump.
369 	 * Note: since some panic_notifiers can make crashed kernel
370 	 * more unstable, it can increase risks of the kdump failure too.
371 	 *
372 	 * Bypass the panic_cpu check and call __crash_kexec directly.
373 	 */
374 	if (_crash_kexec_post_notifiers)
375 		__crash_kexec(NULL);
376 
377 	console_unblank();
378 
379 	/*
380 	 * We may have ended up stopping the CPU holding the lock (in
381 	 * smp_send_stop()) while still having some valuable data in the console
382 	 * buffer.  Try to acquire the lock then release it regardless of the
383 	 * result.  The release will also print the buffers out.  Locks debug
384 	 * should be disabled to avoid reporting bad unlock balance when
385 	 * panic() is not being callled from OOPS.
386 	 */
387 	debug_locks_off();
388 	console_flush_on_panic(CONSOLE_FLUSH_PENDING);
389 
390 	panic_print_sys_info(true);
391 
392 	if (!panic_blink)
393 		panic_blink = no_blink;
394 
395 	if (panic_timeout > 0) {
396 		/*
397 		 * Delay timeout seconds before rebooting the machine.
398 		 * We can't use the "normal" timers since we just panicked.
399 		 */
400 		pr_emerg("Rebooting in %d seconds..\n", panic_timeout);
401 
402 		for (i = 0; i < panic_timeout * 1000; i += PANIC_TIMER_STEP) {
403 			touch_nmi_watchdog();
404 			if (i >= i_next) {
405 				i += panic_blink(state ^= 1);
406 				i_next = i + 3600 / PANIC_BLINK_SPD;
407 			}
408 			mdelay(PANIC_TIMER_STEP);
409 		}
410 	}
411 	if (panic_timeout != 0) {
412 		/*
413 		 * This will not be a clean reboot, with everything
414 		 * shutting down.  But if there is a chance of
415 		 * rebooting the system it will be rebooted.
416 		 */
417 		if (panic_reboot_mode != REBOOT_UNDEFINED)
418 			reboot_mode = panic_reboot_mode;
419 		emergency_restart();
420 	}
421 #ifdef __sparc__
422 	{
423 		extern int stop_a_enabled;
424 		/* Make sure the user can actually press Stop-A (L1-A) */
425 		stop_a_enabled = 1;
426 		pr_emerg("Press Stop-A (L1-A) from sun keyboard or send break\n"
427 			 "twice on console to return to the boot prom\n");
428 	}
429 #endif
430 #if defined(CONFIG_S390)
431 	disabled_wait();
432 #endif
433 	pr_emerg("---[ end Kernel panic - not syncing: %s ]---\n", buf);
434 
435 	/* Do not scroll important messages printed above */
436 	suppress_printk = 1;
437 	local_irq_enable();
438 	for (i = 0; ; i += PANIC_TIMER_STEP) {
439 		touch_softlockup_watchdog();
440 		if (i >= i_next) {
441 			i += panic_blink(state ^= 1);
442 			i_next = i + 3600 / PANIC_BLINK_SPD;
443 		}
444 		mdelay(PANIC_TIMER_STEP);
445 	}
446 }
447 
448 EXPORT_SYMBOL(panic);
449 
450 /*
451  * TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD could be a per-module flag but the module
452  * is being removed anyway.
453  */
454 const struct taint_flag taint_flags[TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT] = {
455 	[ TAINT_PROPRIETARY_MODULE ]	= { 'P', 'G', true },
456 	[ TAINT_FORCED_MODULE ]		= { 'F', ' ', true },
457 	[ TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC ]	= { 'S', ' ', false },
458 	[ TAINT_FORCED_RMMOD ]		= { 'R', ' ', false },
459 	[ TAINT_MACHINE_CHECK ]		= { 'M', ' ', false },
460 	[ TAINT_BAD_PAGE ]		= { 'B', ' ', false },
461 	[ TAINT_USER ]			= { 'U', ' ', false },
462 	[ TAINT_DIE ]			= { 'D', ' ', false },
463 	[ TAINT_OVERRIDDEN_ACPI_TABLE ]	= { 'A', ' ', false },
464 	[ TAINT_WARN ]			= { 'W', ' ', false },
465 	[ TAINT_CRAP ]			= { 'C', ' ', true },
466 	[ TAINT_FIRMWARE_WORKAROUND ]	= { 'I', ' ', false },
467 	[ TAINT_OOT_MODULE ]		= { 'O', ' ', true },
468 	[ TAINT_UNSIGNED_MODULE ]	= { 'E', ' ', true },
469 	[ TAINT_SOFTLOCKUP ]		= { 'L', ' ', false },
470 	[ TAINT_LIVEPATCH ]		= { 'K', ' ', true },
471 	[ TAINT_AUX ]			= { 'X', ' ', true },
472 	[ TAINT_RANDSTRUCT ]		= { 'T', ' ', true },
473 	[ TAINT_TEST ]			= { 'N', ' ', true },
474 };
475 
476 /**
477  * print_tainted - return a string to represent the kernel taint state.
478  *
479  * For individual taint flag meanings, see Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.rst
480  *
481  * The string is overwritten by the next call to print_tainted(),
482  * but is always NULL terminated.
483  */
484 const char *print_tainted(void)
485 {
486 	static char buf[TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT + sizeof("Tainted: ")];
487 
488 	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(taint_flags) != TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT);
489 
490 	if (tainted_mask) {
491 		char *s;
492 		int i;
493 
494 		s = buf + sprintf(buf, "Tainted: ");
495 		for (i = 0; i < TAINT_FLAGS_COUNT; i++) {
496 			const struct taint_flag *t = &taint_flags[i];
497 			*s++ = test_bit(i, &tainted_mask) ?
498 					t->c_true : t->c_false;
499 		}
500 		*s = 0;
501 	} else
502 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Not tainted");
503 
504 	return buf;
505 }
506 
507 int test_taint(unsigned flag)
508 {
509 	return test_bit(flag, &tainted_mask);
510 }
511 EXPORT_SYMBOL(test_taint);
512 
513 unsigned long get_taint(void)
514 {
515 	return tainted_mask;
516 }
517 
518 /**
519  * add_taint: add a taint flag if not already set.
520  * @flag: one of the TAINT_* constants.
521  * @lockdep_ok: whether lock debugging is still OK.
522  *
523  * If something bad has gone wrong, you'll want @lockdebug_ok = false, but for
524  * some notewortht-but-not-corrupting cases, it can be set to true.
525  */
526 void add_taint(unsigned flag, enum lockdep_ok lockdep_ok)
527 {
528 	if (lockdep_ok == LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE && __debug_locks_off())
529 		pr_warn("Disabling lock debugging due to kernel taint\n");
530 
531 	set_bit(flag, &tainted_mask);
532 
533 	if (tainted_mask & panic_on_taint) {
534 		panic_on_taint = 0;
535 		panic("panic_on_taint set ...");
536 	}
537 }
538 EXPORT_SYMBOL(add_taint);
539 
540 static void spin_msec(int msecs)
541 {
542 	int i;
543 
544 	for (i = 0; i < msecs; i++) {
545 		touch_nmi_watchdog();
546 		mdelay(1);
547 	}
548 }
549 
550 /*
551  * It just happens that oops_enter() and oops_exit() are identically
552  * implemented...
553  */
554 static void do_oops_enter_exit(void)
555 {
556 	unsigned long flags;
557 	static int spin_counter;
558 
559 	if (!pause_on_oops)
560 		return;
561 
562 	spin_lock_irqsave(&pause_on_oops_lock, flags);
563 	if (pause_on_oops_flag == 0) {
564 		/* This CPU may now print the oops message */
565 		pause_on_oops_flag = 1;
566 	} else {
567 		/* We need to stall this CPU */
568 		if (!spin_counter) {
569 			/* This CPU gets to do the counting */
570 			spin_counter = pause_on_oops;
571 			do {
572 				spin_unlock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
573 				spin_msec(MSEC_PER_SEC);
574 				spin_lock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
575 			} while (--spin_counter);
576 			pause_on_oops_flag = 0;
577 		} else {
578 			/* This CPU waits for a different one */
579 			while (spin_counter) {
580 				spin_unlock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
581 				spin_msec(1);
582 				spin_lock(&pause_on_oops_lock);
583 			}
584 		}
585 	}
586 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&pause_on_oops_lock, flags);
587 }
588 
589 /*
590  * Return true if the calling CPU is allowed to print oops-related info.
591  * This is a bit racy..
592  */
593 bool oops_may_print(void)
594 {
595 	return pause_on_oops_flag == 0;
596 }
597 
598 /*
599  * Called when the architecture enters its oops handler, before it prints
600  * anything.  If this is the first CPU to oops, and it's oopsing the first
601  * time then let it proceed.
602  *
603  * This is all enabled by the pause_on_oops kernel boot option.  We do all
604  * this to ensure that oopses don't scroll off the screen.  It has the
605  * side-effect of preventing later-oopsing CPUs from mucking up the display,
606  * too.
607  *
608  * It turns out that the CPU which is allowed to print ends up pausing for
609  * the right duration, whereas all the other CPUs pause for twice as long:
610  * once in oops_enter(), once in oops_exit().
611  */
612 void oops_enter(void)
613 {
614 	tracing_off();
615 	/* can't trust the integrity of the kernel anymore: */
616 	debug_locks_off();
617 	do_oops_enter_exit();
618 
619 	if (sysctl_oops_all_cpu_backtrace)
620 		trigger_all_cpu_backtrace();
621 }
622 
623 static void print_oops_end_marker(void)
624 {
625 	pr_warn("---[ end trace %016llx ]---\n", 0ULL);
626 }
627 
628 /*
629  * Called when the architecture exits its oops handler, after printing
630  * everything.
631  */
632 void oops_exit(void)
633 {
634 	do_oops_enter_exit();
635 	print_oops_end_marker();
636 	kmsg_dump(KMSG_DUMP_OOPS);
637 }
638 
639 struct warn_args {
640 	const char *fmt;
641 	va_list args;
642 };
643 
644 void __warn(const char *file, int line, void *caller, unsigned taint,
645 	    struct pt_regs *regs, struct warn_args *args)
646 {
647 	disable_trace_on_warning();
648 
649 	if (file)
650 		pr_warn("WARNING: CPU: %d PID: %d at %s:%d %pS\n",
651 			raw_smp_processor_id(), current->pid, file, line,
652 			caller);
653 	else
654 		pr_warn("WARNING: CPU: %d PID: %d at %pS\n",
655 			raw_smp_processor_id(), current->pid, caller);
656 
657 	if (args)
658 		vprintk(args->fmt, args->args);
659 
660 	print_modules();
661 
662 	if (regs)
663 		show_regs(regs);
664 
665 	check_panic_on_warn("kernel");
666 
667 	if (!regs)
668 		dump_stack();
669 
670 	print_irqtrace_events(current);
671 
672 	print_oops_end_marker();
673 	trace_error_report_end(ERROR_DETECTOR_WARN, (unsigned long)caller);
674 
675 	/* Just a warning, don't kill lockdep. */
676 	add_taint(taint, LOCKDEP_STILL_OK);
677 }
678 
679 #ifndef __WARN_FLAGS
680 void warn_slowpath_fmt(const char *file, int line, unsigned taint,
681 		       const char *fmt, ...)
682 {
683 	bool rcu = warn_rcu_enter();
684 	struct warn_args args;
685 
686 	pr_warn(CUT_HERE);
687 
688 	if (!fmt) {
689 		__warn(file, line, __builtin_return_address(0), taint,
690 		       NULL, NULL);
691 		return;
692 	}
693 
694 	args.fmt = fmt;
695 	va_start(args.args, fmt);
696 	__warn(file, line, __builtin_return_address(0), taint, NULL, &args);
697 	va_end(args.args);
698 	warn_rcu_exit(rcu);
699 }
700 EXPORT_SYMBOL(warn_slowpath_fmt);
701 #else
702 void __warn_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
703 {
704 	bool rcu = warn_rcu_enter();
705 	va_list args;
706 
707 	pr_warn(CUT_HERE);
708 
709 	va_start(args, fmt);
710 	vprintk(fmt, args);
711 	va_end(args);
712 	warn_rcu_exit(rcu);
713 }
714 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__warn_printk);
715 #endif
716 
717 #ifdef CONFIG_BUG
718 
719 /* Support resetting WARN*_ONCE state */
720 
721 static int clear_warn_once_set(void *data, u64 val)
722 {
723 	generic_bug_clear_once();
724 	memset(__start_once, 0, __end_once - __start_once);
725 	return 0;
726 }
727 
728 DEFINE_DEBUGFS_ATTRIBUTE(clear_warn_once_fops, NULL, clear_warn_once_set,
729 			 "%lld\n");
730 
731 static __init int register_warn_debugfs(void)
732 {
733 	/* Don't care about failure */
734 	debugfs_create_file_unsafe("clear_warn_once", 0200, NULL, NULL,
735 				   &clear_warn_once_fops);
736 	return 0;
737 }
738 
739 device_initcall(register_warn_debugfs);
740 #endif
741 
742 #ifdef CONFIG_STACKPROTECTOR
743 
744 /*
745  * Called when gcc's -fstack-protector feature is used, and
746  * gcc detects corruption of the on-stack canary value
747  */
748 __visible noinstr void __stack_chk_fail(void)
749 {
750 	instrumentation_begin();
751 	panic("stack-protector: Kernel stack is corrupted in: %pB",
752 		__builtin_return_address(0));
753 	instrumentation_end();
754 }
755 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__stack_chk_fail);
756 
757 #endif
758 
759 core_param(panic, panic_timeout, int, 0644);
760 core_param(panic_print, panic_print, ulong, 0644);
761 core_param(pause_on_oops, pause_on_oops, int, 0644);
762 core_param(panic_on_warn, panic_on_warn, int, 0644);
763 core_param(crash_kexec_post_notifiers, crash_kexec_post_notifiers, bool, 0644);
764 
765 static int __init oops_setup(char *s)
766 {
767 	if (!s)
768 		return -EINVAL;
769 	if (!strcmp(s, "panic"))
770 		panic_on_oops = 1;
771 	return 0;
772 }
773 early_param("oops", oops_setup);
774 
775 static int __init panic_on_taint_setup(char *s)
776 {
777 	char *taint_str;
778 
779 	if (!s)
780 		return -EINVAL;
781 
782 	taint_str = strsep(&s, ",");
783 	if (kstrtoul(taint_str, 16, &panic_on_taint))
784 		return -EINVAL;
785 
786 	/* make sure panic_on_taint doesn't hold out-of-range TAINT flags */
787 	panic_on_taint &= TAINT_FLAGS_MAX;
788 
789 	if (!panic_on_taint)
790 		return -EINVAL;
791 
792 	if (s && !strcmp(s, "nousertaint"))
793 		panic_on_taint_nousertaint = true;
794 
795 	pr_info("panic_on_taint: bitmask=0x%lx nousertaint_mode=%s\n",
796 		panic_on_taint, str_enabled_disabled(panic_on_taint_nousertaint));
797 
798 	return 0;
799 }
800 early_param("panic_on_taint", panic_on_taint_setup);
801