xref: /linux/kernel/notifier.c (revision f22f9aaf6c3d92ebd5ad9e67acc03afebaaeb289)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
3 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
4 #include <linux/export.h>
5 #include <linux/notifier.h>
6 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
7 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
8 #include <linux/reboot.h>
9 
10 /*
11  *	Notifier list for kernel code which wants to be called
12  *	at shutdown. This is used to stop any idling DMA operations
13  *	and the like.
14  */
15 BLOCKING_NOTIFIER_HEAD(reboot_notifier_list);
16 
17 /*
18  *	Notifier chain core routines.  The exported routines below
19  *	are layered on top of these, with appropriate locking added.
20  */
21 
22 static int notifier_chain_register(struct notifier_block **nl,
23 				   struct notifier_block *n,
24 				   bool unique_priority)
25 {
26 	while ((*nl) != NULL) {
27 		if (unlikely((*nl) == n)) {
28 			WARN(1, "notifier callback %ps already registered",
29 			     n->notifier_call);
30 			return -EEXIST;
31 		}
32 		if (n->priority > (*nl)->priority)
33 			break;
34 		if (n->priority == (*nl)->priority && unique_priority)
35 			return -EBUSY;
36 		nl = &((*nl)->next);
37 	}
38 	n->next = *nl;
39 	rcu_assign_pointer(*nl, n);
40 	return 0;
41 }
42 
43 static int notifier_chain_unregister(struct notifier_block **nl,
44 		struct notifier_block *n)
45 {
46 	while ((*nl) != NULL) {
47 		if ((*nl) == n) {
48 			rcu_assign_pointer(*nl, n->next);
49 			return 0;
50 		}
51 		nl = &((*nl)->next);
52 	}
53 	return -ENOENT;
54 }
55 
56 /**
57  * notifier_call_chain - Informs the registered notifiers about an event.
58  *	@nl:		Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
59  *	@val:		Value passed unmodified to notifier function
60  *	@v:		Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
61  *	@nr_to_call:	Number of notifier functions to be called. Don't care
62  *			value of this parameter is -1.
63  *	@nr_calls:	Records the number of notifications sent. Don't care
64  *			value of this field is NULL.
65  *	Return:		notifier_call_chain returns the value returned by the
66  *			last notifier function called.
67  */
68 static int notifier_call_chain(struct notifier_block **nl,
69 			       unsigned long val, void *v,
70 			       int nr_to_call, int *nr_calls)
71 {
72 	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
73 	struct notifier_block *nb, *next_nb;
74 
75 	nb = rcu_dereference_raw(*nl);
76 
77 	while (nb && nr_to_call) {
78 		next_nb = rcu_dereference_raw(nb->next);
79 
80 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_NOTIFIERS
81 		if (unlikely(!func_ptr_is_kernel_text(nb->notifier_call))) {
82 			WARN(1, "Invalid notifier called!");
83 			nb = next_nb;
84 			continue;
85 		}
86 #endif
87 		ret = nb->notifier_call(nb, val, v);
88 
89 		if (nr_calls)
90 			(*nr_calls)++;
91 
92 		if (ret & NOTIFY_STOP_MASK)
93 			break;
94 		nb = next_nb;
95 		nr_to_call--;
96 	}
97 	return ret;
98 }
99 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(notifier_call_chain);
100 
101 /**
102  * notifier_call_chain_robust - Inform the registered notifiers about an event
103  *                              and rollback on error.
104  * @nl:		Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
105  * @val_up:	Value passed unmodified to the notifier function
106  * @val_down:	Value passed unmodified to the notifier function when recovering
107  *              from an error on @val_up
108  * @v:		Pointer passed unmodified to the notifier function
109  *
110  * NOTE:	It is important the @nl chain doesn't change between the two
111  *		invocations of notifier_call_chain() such that we visit the
112  *		exact same notifier callbacks; this rules out any RCU usage.
113  *
114  * Return:	the return value of the @val_up call.
115  */
116 static int notifier_call_chain_robust(struct notifier_block **nl,
117 				     unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down,
118 				     void *v)
119 {
120 	int ret, nr = 0;
121 
122 	ret = notifier_call_chain(nl, val_up, v, -1, &nr);
123 	if (ret & NOTIFY_STOP_MASK)
124 		notifier_call_chain(nl, val_down, v, nr-1, NULL);
125 
126 	return ret;
127 }
128 
129 /*
130  *	Atomic notifier chain routines.  Registration and unregistration
131  *	use a spinlock, and call_chain is synchronized by RCU (no locks).
132  */
133 
134 /**
135  *	atomic_notifier_chain_register - Add notifier to an atomic notifier chain
136  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the atomic notifier chain
137  *	@n: New entry in notifier chain
138  *
139  *	Adds a notifier to an atomic notifier chain.
140  *
141  *	Returns 0 on success, %-EEXIST on error.
142  */
143 int atomic_notifier_chain_register(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
144 		struct notifier_block *n)
145 {
146 	unsigned long flags;
147 	int ret;
148 
149 	spin_lock_irqsave(&nh->lock, flags);
150 	ret = notifier_chain_register(&nh->head, n, false);
151 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nh->lock, flags);
152 	return ret;
153 }
154 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_chain_register);
155 
156 /**
157  *	atomic_notifier_chain_register_unique_prio - Add notifier to an atomic notifier chain
158  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the atomic notifier chain
159  *	@n: New entry in notifier chain
160  *
161  *	Adds a notifier to an atomic notifier chain if there is no other
162  *	notifier registered using the same priority.
163  *
164  *	Returns 0 on success, %-EEXIST or %-EBUSY on error.
165  */
166 int atomic_notifier_chain_register_unique_prio(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
167 					       struct notifier_block *n)
168 {
169 	unsigned long flags;
170 	int ret;
171 
172 	spin_lock_irqsave(&nh->lock, flags);
173 	ret = notifier_chain_register(&nh->head, n, true);
174 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nh->lock, flags);
175 	return ret;
176 }
177 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_chain_register_unique_prio);
178 
179 /**
180  *	atomic_notifier_chain_unregister - Remove notifier from an atomic notifier chain
181  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the atomic notifier chain
182  *	@n: Entry to remove from notifier chain
183  *
184  *	Removes a notifier from an atomic notifier chain.
185  *
186  *	Returns zero on success or %-ENOENT on failure.
187  */
188 int atomic_notifier_chain_unregister(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
189 		struct notifier_block *n)
190 {
191 	unsigned long flags;
192 	int ret;
193 
194 	spin_lock_irqsave(&nh->lock, flags);
195 	ret = notifier_chain_unregister(&nh->head, n);
196 	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&nh->lock, flags);
197 	synchronize_rcu();
198 	return ret;
199 }
200 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_chain_unregister);
201 
202 /**
203  *	atomic_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in an atomic notifier chain
204  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the atomic notifier chain
205  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
206  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
207  *
208  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
209  *	run in an atomic context, so they must not block.
210  *	This routine uses RCU to synchronize with changes to the chain.
211  *
212  *	If the return value of the notifier can be and'ed
213  *	with %NOTIFY_STOP_MASK then atomic_notifier_call_chain()
214  *	will return immediately, with the return value of
215  *	the notifier function which halted execution.
216  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
217  *	of the last notifier function called.
218  */
219 int atomic_notifier_call_chain(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh,
220 			       unsigned long val, void *v)
221 {
222 	int ret;
223 
224 	rcu_read_lock();
225 	ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
226 	rcu_read_unlock();
227 
228 	return ret;
229 }
230 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(atomic_notifier_call_chain);
231 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(atomic_notifier_call_chain);
232 
233 /**
234  *	atomic_notifier_call_chain_is_empty - Check whether notifier chain is empty
235  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the atomic notifier chain
236  *
237  *	Checks whether notifier chain is empty.
238  *
239  *	Returns true is notifier chain is empty, false otherwise.
240  */
241 bool atomic_notifier_call_chain_is_empty(struct atomic_notifier_head *nh)
242 {
243 	return !rcu_access_pointer(nh->head);
244 }
245 
246 /*
247  *	Blocking notifier chain routines.  All access to the chain is
248  *	synchronized by an rwsem.
249  */
250 
251 static int __blocking_notifier_chain_register(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
252 					      struct notifier_block *n,
253 					      bool unique_priority)
254 {
255 	int ret;
256 
257 	/*
258 	 * This code gets used during boot-up, when task switching is
259 	 * not yet working and interrupts must remain disabled.  At
260 	 * such times we must not call down_write().
261 	 */
262 	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
263 		return notifier_chain_register(&nh->head, n, unique_priority);
264 
265 	down_write(&nh->rwsem);
266 	ret = notifier_chain_register(&nh->head, n, unique_priority);
267 	up_write(&nh->rwsem);
268 	return ret;
269 }
270 
271 /**
272  *	blocking_notifier_chain_register - Add notifier to a blocking notifier chain
273  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
274  *	@n: New entry in notifier chain
275  *
276  *	Adds a notifier to a blocking notifier chain.
277  *	Must be called in process context.
278  *
279  *	Returns 0 on success, %-EEXIST on error.
280  */
281 int blocking_notifier_chain_register(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
282 		struct notifier_block *n)
283 {
284 	return __blocking_notifier_chain_register(nh, n, false);
285 }
286 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_chain_register);
287 
288 /**
289  *	blocking_notifier_chain_register_unique_prio - Add notifier to a blocking notifier chain
290  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
291  *	@n: New entry in notifier chain
292  *
293  *	Adds a notifier to an blocking notifier chain if there is no other
294  *	notifier registered using the same priority.
295  *
296  *	Returns 0 on success, %-EEXIST or %-EBUSY on error.
297  */
298 int blocking_notifier_chain_register_unique_prio(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
299 						 struct notifier_block *n)
300 {
301 	return __blocking_notifier_chain_register(nh, n, true);
302 }
303 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_chain_register_unique_prio);
304 
305 /**
306  *	blocking_notifier_chain_unregister - Remove notifier from a blocking notifier chain
307  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
308  *	@n: Entry to remove from notifier chain
309  *
310  *	Removes a notifier from a blocking notifier chain.
311  *	Must be called from process context.
312  *
313  *	Returns zero on success or %-ENOENT on failure.
314  */
315 int blocking_notifier_chain_unregister(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
316 		struct notifier_block *n)
317 {
318 	int ret;
319 
320 	/*
321 	 * This code gets used during boot-up, when task switching is
322 	 * not yet working and interrupts must remain disabled.  At
323 	 * such times we must not call down_write().
324 	 */
325 	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
326 		return notifier_chain_unregister(&nh->head, n);
327 
328 	down_write(&nh->rwsem);
329 	ret = notifier_chain_unregister(&nh->head, n);
330 	up_write(&nh->rwsem);
331 	return ret;
332 }
333 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_chain_unregister);
334 
335 int blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
336 		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v)
337 {
338 	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
339 
340 	/*
341 	 * We check the head outside the lock, but if this access is
342 	 * racy then it does not matter what the result of the test
343 	 * is, we re-check the list after having taken the lock anyway:
344 	 */
345 	if (rcu_access_pointer(nh->head)) {
346 		down_read(&nh->rwsem);
347 		ret = notifier_call_chain_robust(&nh->head, val_up, val_down, v);
348 		up_read(&nh->rwsem);
349 	}
350 	return ret;
351 }
352 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_call_chain_robust);
353 
354 /**
355  *	blocking_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in a blocking notifier chain
356  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the blocking notifier chain
357  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
358  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
359  *
360  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
361  *	run in a process context, so they are allowed to block.
362  *
363  *	If the return value of the notifier can be and'ed
364  *	with %NOTIFY_STOP_MASK then blocking_notifier_call_chain()
365  *	will return immediately, with the return value of
366  *	the notifier function which halted execution.
367  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
368  *	of the last notifier function called.
369  */
370 int blocking_notifier_call_chain(struct blocking_notifier_head *nh,
371 		unsigned long val, void *v)
372 {
373 	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;
374 
375 	/*
376 	 * We check the head outside the lock, but if this access is
377 	 * racy then it does not matter what the result of the test
378 	 * is, we re-check the list after having taken the lock anyway:
379 	 */
380 	if (rcu_access_pointer(nh->head)) {
381 		down_read(&nh->rwsem);
382 		ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
383 		up_read(&nh->rwsem);
384 	}
385 	return ret;
386 }
387 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(blocking_notifier_call_chain);
388 
389 /*
390  *	Raw notifier chain routines.  There is no protection;
391  *	the caller must provide it.  Use at your own risk!
392  */
393 
394 /**
395  *	raw_notifier_chain_register - Add notifier to a raw notifier chain
396  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the raw notifier chain
397  *	@n: New entry in notifier chain
398  *
399  *	Adds a notifier to a raw notifier chain.
400  *	All locking must be provided by the caller.
401  *
402  *	Returns 0 on success, %-EEXIST on error.
403  */
404 int raw_notifier_chain_register(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
405 		struct notifier_block *n)
406 {
407 	return notifier_chain_register(&nh->head, n, false);
408 }
409 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_chain_register);
410 
411 /**
412  *	raw_notifier_chain_unregister - Remove notifier from a raw notifier chain
413  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the raw notifier chain
414  *	@n: Entry to remove from notifier chain
415  *
416  *	Removes a notifier from a raw notifier chain.
417  *	All locking must be provided by the caller.
418  *
419  *	Returns zero on success or %-ENOENT on failure.
420  */
421 int raw_notifier_chain_unregister(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
422 		struct notifier_block *n)
423 {
424 	return notifier_chain_unregister(&nh->head, n);
425 }
426 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_chain_unregister);
427 
428 int raw_notifier_call_chain_robust(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
429 		unsigned long val_up, unsigned long val_down, void *v)
430 {
431 	return notifier_call_chain_robust(&nh->head, val_up, val_down, v);
432 }
433 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_call_chain_robust);
434 
435 /**
436  *	raw_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in a raw notifier chain
437  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the raw notifier chain
438  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
439  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
440  *
441  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
442  *	run in an undefined context.
443  *	All locking must be provided by the caller.
444  *
445  *	If the return value of the notifier can be and'ed
446  *	with %NOTIFY_STOP_MASK then raw_notifier_call_chain()
447  *	will return immediately, with the return value of
448  *	the notifier function which halted execution.
449  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
450  *	of the last notifier function called.
451  */
452 int raw_notifier_call_chain(struct raw_notifier_head *nh,
453 		unsigned long val, void *v)
454 {
455 	return notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
456 }
457 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(raw_notifier_call_chain);
458 
459 /*
460  *	SRCU notifier chain routines.    Registration and unregistration
461  *	use a mutex, and call_chain is synchronized by SRCU (no locks).
462  */
463 
464 /**
465  *	srcu_notifier_chain_register - Add notifier to an SRCU notifier chain
466  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the SRCU notifier chain
467  *	@n: New entry in notifier chain
468  *
469  *	Adds a notifier to an SRCU notifier chain.
470  *	Must be called in process context.
471  *
472  *	Returns 0 on success, %-EEXIST on error.
473  */
474 int srcu_notifier_chain_register(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
475 		struct notifier_block *n)
476 {
477 	int ret;
478 
479 	/*
480 	 * This code gets used during boot-up, when task switching is
481 	 * not yet working and interrupts must remain disabled.  At
482 	 * such times we must not call mutex_lock().
483 	 */
484 	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
485 		return notifier_chain_register(&nh->head, n, false);
486 
487 	mutex_lock(&nh->mutex);
488 	ret = notifier_chain_register(&nh->head, n, false);
489 	mutex_unlock(&nh->mutex);
490 	return ret;
491 }
492 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_notifier_chain_register);
493 
494 /**
495  *	srcu_notifier_chain_unregister - Remove notifier from an SRCU notifier chain
496  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the SRCU notifier chain
497  *	@n: Entry to remove from notifier chain
498  *
499  *	Removes a notifier from an SRCU notifier chain.
500  *	Must be called from process context.
501  *
502  *	Returns zero on success or %-ENOENT on failure.
503  */
504 int srcu_notifier_chain_unregister(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
505 		struct notifier_block *n)
506 {
507 	int ret;
508 
509 	/*
510 	 * This code gets used during boot-up, when task switching is
511 	 * not yet working and interrupts must remain disabled.  At
512 	 * such times we must not call mutex_lock().
513 	 */
514 	if (unlikely(system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING))
515 		return notifier_chain_unregister(&nh->head, n);
516 
517 	mutex_lock(&nh->mutex);
518 	ret = notifier_chain_unregister(&nh->head, n);
519 	mutex_unlock(&nh->mutex);
520 	synchronize_srcu(&nh->srcu);
521 	return ret;
522 }
523 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_notifier_chain_unregister);
524 
525 /**
526  *	srcu_notifier_call_chain - Call functions in an SRCU notifier chain
527  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the SRCU notifier chain
528  *	@val: Value passed unmodified to notifier function
529  *	@v: Pointer passed unmodified to notifier function
530  *
531  *	Calls each function in a notifier chain in turn.  The functions
532  *	run in a process context, so they are allowed to block.
533  *
534  *	If the return value of the notifier can be and'ed
535  *	with %NOTIFY_STOP_MASK then srcu_notifier_call_chain()
536  *	will return immediately, with the return value of
537  *	the notifier function which halted execution.
538  *	Otherwise the return value is the return value
539  *	of the last notifier function called.
540  */
541 int srcu_notifier_call_chain(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh,
542 		unsigned long val, void *v)
543 {
544 	int ret;
545 	int idx;
546 
547 	idx = srcu_read_lock(&nh->srcu);
548 	ret = notifier_call_chain(&nh->head, val, v, -1, NULL);
549 	srcu_read_unlock(&nh->srcu, idx);
550 	return ret;
551 }
552 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_notifier_call_chain);
553 
554 /**
555  *	srcu_init_notifier_head - Initialize an SRCU notifier head
556  *	@nh: Pointer to head of the srcu notifier chain
557  *
558  *	Unlike other sorts of notifier heads, SRCU notifier heads require
559  *	dynamic initialization.  Be sure to call this routine before
560  *	calling any of the other SRCU notifier routines for this head.
561  *
562  *	If an SRCU notifier head is deallocated, it must first be cleaned
563  *	up by calling srcu_cleanup_notifier_head().  Otherwise the head's
564  *	per-cpu data (used by the SRCU mechanism) will leak.
565  */
566 void srcu_init_notifier_head(struct srcu_notifier_head *nh)
567 {
568 	mutex_init(&nh->mutex);
569 	if (init_srcu_struct(&nh->srcu) < 0)
570 		BUG();
571 	nh->head = NULL;
572 }
573 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(srcu_init_notifier_head);
574 
575 static ATOMIC_NOTIFIER_HEAD(die_chain);
576 
577 int notrace notify_die(enum die_val val, const char *str,
578 	       struct pt_regs *regs, long err, int trap, int sig)
579 {
580 	struct die_args args = {
581 		.regs	= regs,
582 		.str	= str,
583 		.err	= err,
584 		.trapnr	= trap,
585 		.signr	= sig,
586 
587 	};
588 	RCU_LOCKDEP_WARN(!rcu_is_watching(),
589 			   "notify_die called but RCU thinks we're quiescent");
590 	return atomic_notifier_call_chain(&die_chain, val, &args);
591 }
592 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(notify_die);
593 
594 int register_die_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
595 {
596 	return atomic_notifier_chain_register(&die_chain, nb);
597 }
598 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_die_notifier);
599 
600 int unregister_die_notifier(struct notifier_block *nb)
601 {
602 	return atomic_notifier_chain_unregister(&die_chain, nb);
603 }
604 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_die_notifier);
605