1 /* 2 * Kernel Probes (KProbes) 3 * kernel/kprobes.c 4 * 5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify 6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by 7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or 8 * (at your option) any later version. 9 * 10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, 11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of 12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the 13 * GNU General Public License for more details. 14 * 15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License 16 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software 17 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. 18 * 19 * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2002, 2004 20 * 21 * 2002-Oct Created by Vamsi Krishna S <vamsi_krishna@in.ibm.com> Kernel 22 * Probes initial implementation (includes suggestions from 23 * Rusty Russell). 24 * 2004-Aug Updated by Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com> with 25 * hlists and exceptions notifier as suggested by Andi Kleen. 26 * 2004-July Suparna Bhattacharya <suparna@in.ibm.com> added jumper probes 27 * interface to access function arguments. 28 * 2004-Sep Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com> Changed Kprobes 29 * exceptions notifier to be first on the priority list. 30 * 2005-May Hien Nguyen <hien@us.ibm.com>, Jim Keniston 31 * <jkenisto@us.ibm.com> and Prasanna S Panchamukhi 32 * <prasanna@in.ibm.com> added function-return probes. 33 */ 34 #include <linux/kprobes.h> 35 #include <linux/hash.h> 36 #include <linux/init.h> 37 #include <linux/slab.h> 38 #include <linux/stddef.h> 39 #include <linux/module.h> 40 #include <linux/moduleloader.h> 41 #include <linux/kallsyms.h> 42 #include <linux/freezer.h> 43 #include <linux/seq_file.h> 44 #include <linux/debugfs.h> 45 #include <linux/sysctl.h> 46 #include <linux/kdebug.h> 47 #include <linux/memory.h> 48 #include <linux/ftrace.h> 49 #include <linux/cpu.h> 50 #include <linux/jump_label.h> 51 52 #include <asm-generic/sections.h> 53 #include <asm/cacheflush.h> 54 #include <asm/errno.h> 55 #include <asm/uaccess.h> 56 57 #define KPROBE_HASH_BITS 6 58 #define KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE (1 << KPROBE_HASH_BITS) 59 60 61 /* 62 * Some oddball architectures like 64bit powerpc have function descriptors 63 * so this must be overridable. 64 */ 65 #ifndef kprobe_lookup_name 66 #define kprobe_lookup_name(name, addr) \ 67 addr = ((kprobe_opcode_t *)(kallsyms_lookup_name(name))) 68 #endif 69 70 static int kprobes_initialized; 71 static struct hlist_head kprobe_table[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE]; 72 static struct hlist_head kretprobe_inst_table[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE]; 73 74 /* NOTE: change this value only with kprobe_mutex held */ 75 static bool kprobes_all_disarmed; 76 77 static DEFINE_MUTEX(kprobe_mutex); /* Protects kprobe_table */ 78 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, kprobe_instance) = NULL; 79 static struct { 80 spinlock_t lock ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp; 81 } kretprobe_table_locks[KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE]; 82 83 static spinlock_t *kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(unsigned long hash) 84 { 85 return &(kretprobe_table_locks[hash].lock); 86 } 87 88 /* 89 * Normally, functions that we'd want to prohibit kprobes in, are marked 90 * __kprobes. But, there are cases where such functions already belong to 91 * a different section (__sched for preempt_schedule) 92 * 93 * For such cases, we now have a blacklist 94 */ 95 static struct kprobe_blackpoint kprobe_blacklist[] = { 96 {"preempt_schedule",}, 97 {"native_get_debugreg",}, 98 {"irq_entries_start",}, 99 {"common_interrupt",}, 100 {"mcount",}, /* mcount can be called from everywhere */ 101 {NULL} /* Terminator */ 102 }; 103 104 #ifdef __ARCH_WANT_KPROBES_INSN_SLOT 105 /* 106 * kprobe->ainsn.insn points to the copy of the instruction to be 107 * single-stepped. x86_64, POWER4 and above have no-exec support and 108 * stepping on the instruction on a vmalloced/kmalloced/data page 109 * is a recipe for disaster 110 */ 111 struct kprobe_insn_page { 112 struct list_head list; 113 kprobe_opcode_t *insns; /* Page of instruction slots */ 114 int nused; 115 int ngarbage; 116 char slot_used[]; 117 }; 118 119 #define KPROBE_INSN_PAGE_SIZE(slots) \ 120 (offsetof(struct kprobe_insn_page, slot_used) + \ 121 (sizeof(char) * (slots))) 122 123 struct kprobe_insn_cache { 124 struct list_head pages; /* list of kprobe_insn_page */ 125 size_t insn_size; /* size of instruction slot */ 126 int nr_garbage; 127 }; 128 129 static int slots_per_page(struct kprobe_insn_cache *c) 130 { 131 return PAGE_SIZE/(c->insn_size * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)); 132 } 133 134 enum kprobe_slot_state { 135 SLOT_CLEAN = 0, 136 SLOT_DIRTY = 1, 137 SLOT_USED = 2, 138 }; 139 140 static DEFINE_MUTEX(kprobe_insn_mutex); /* Protects kprobe_insn_slots */ 141 static struct kprobe_insn_cache kprobe_insn_slots = { 142 .pages = LIST_HEAD_INIT(kprobe_insn_slots.pages), 143 .insn_size = MAX_INSN_SIZE, 144 .nr_garbage = 0, 145 }; 146 static int __kprobes collect_garbage_slots(struct kprobe_insn_cache *c); 147 148 /** 149 * __get_insn_slot() - Find a slot on an executable page for an instruction. 150 * We allocate an executable page if there's no room on existing ones. 151 */ 152 static kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *__get_insn_slot(struct kprobe_insn_cache *c) 153 { 154 struct kprobe_insn_page *kip; 155 156 retry: 157 list_for_each_entry(kip, &c->pages, list) { 158 if (kip->nused < slots_per_page(c)) { 159 int i; 160 for (i = 0; i < slots_per_page(c); i++) { 161 if (kip->slot_used[i] == SLOT_CLEAN) { 162 kip->slot_used[i] = SLOT_USED; 163 kip->nused++; 164 return kip->insns + (i * c->insn_size); 165 } 166 } 167 /* kip->nused is broken. Fix it. */ 168 kip->nused = slots_per_page(c); 169 WARN_ON(1); 170 } 171 } 172 173 /* If there are any garbage slots, collect it and try again. */ 174 if (c->nr_garbage && collect_garbage_slots(c) == 0) 175 goto retry; 176 177 /* All out of space. Need to allocate a new page. */ 178 kip = kmalloc(KPROBE_INSN_PAGE_SIZE(slots_per_page(c)), GFP_KERNEL); 179 if (!kip) 180 return NULL; 181 182 /* 183 * Use module_alloc so this page is within +/- 2GB of where the 184 * kernel image and loaded module images reside. This is required 185 * so x86_64 can correctly handle the %rip-relative fixups. 186 */ 187 kip->insns = module_alloc(PAGE_SIZE); 188 if (!kip->insns) { 189 kfree(kip); 190 return NULL; 191 } 192 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kip->list); 193 memset(kip->slot_used, SLOT_CLEAN, slots_per_page(c)); 194 kip->slot_used[0] = SLOT_USED; 195 kip->nused = 1; 196 kip->ngarbage = 0; 197 list_add(&kip->list, &c->pages); 198 return kip->insns; 199 } 200 201 202 kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *get_insn_slot(void) 203 { 204 kprobe_opcode_t *ret = NULL; 205 206 mutex_lock(&kprobe_insn_mutex); 207 ret = __get_insn_slot(&kprobe_insn_slots); 208 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_insn_mutex); 209 210 return ret; 211 } 212 213 /* Return 1 if all garbages are collected, otherwise 0. */ 214 static int __kprobes collect_one_slot(struct kprobe_insn_page *kip, int idx) 215 { 216 kip->slot_used[idx] = SLOT_CLEAN; 217 kip->nused--; 218 if (kip->nused == 0) { 219 /* 220 * Page is no longer in use. Free it unless 221 * it's the last one. We keep the last one 222 * so as not to have to set it up again the 223 * next time somebody inserts a probe. 224 */ 225 if (!list_is_singular(&kip->list)) { 226 list_del(&kip->list); 227 module_free(NULL, kip->insns); 228 kfree(kip); 229 } 230 return 1; 231 } 232 return 0; 233 } 234 235 static int __kprobes collect_garbage_slots(struct kprobe_insn_cache *c) 236 { 237 struct kprobe_insn_page *kip, *next; 238 239 /* Ensure no-one is interrupted on the garbages */ 240 synchronize_sched(); 241 242 list_for_each_entry_safe(kip, next, &c->pages, list) { 243 int i; 244 if (kip->ngarbage == 0) 245 continue; 246 kip->ngarbage = 0; /* we will collect all garbages */ 247 for (i = 0; i < slots_per_page(c); i++) { 248 if (kip->slot_used[i] == SLOT_DIRTY && 249 collect_one_slot(kip, i)) 250 break; 251 } 252 } 253 c->nr_garbage = 0; 254 return 0; 255 } 256 257 static void __kprobes __free_insn_slot(struct kprobe_insn_cache *c, 258 kprobe_opcode_t *slot, int dirty) 259 { 260 struct kprobe_insn_page *kip; 261 262 list_for_each_entry(kip, &c->pages, list) { 263 long idx = ((long)slot - (long)kip->insns) / 264 (c->insn_size * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)); 265 if (idx >= 0 && idx < slots_per_page(c)) { 266 WARN_ON(kip->slot_used[idx] != SLOT_USED); 267 if (dirty) { 268 kip->slot_used[idx] = SLOT_DIRTY; 269 kip->ngarbage++; 270 if (++c->nr_garbage > slots_per_page(c)) 271 collect_garbage_slots(c); 272 } else 273 collect_one_slot(kip, idx); 274 return; 275 } 276 } 277 /* Could not free this slot. */ 278 WARN_ON(1); 279 } 280 281 void __kprobes free_insn_slot(kprobe_opcode_t * slot, int dirty) 282 { 283 mutex_lock(&kprobe_insn_mutex); 284 __free_insn_slot(&kprobe_insn_slots, slot, dirty); 285 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_insn_mutex); 286 } 287 #ifdef CONFIG_OPTPROBES 288 /* For optimized_kprobe buffer */ 289 static DEFINE_MUTEX(kprobe_optinsn_mutex); /* Protects kprobe_optinsn_slots */ 290 static struct kprobe_insn_cache kprobe_optinsn_slots = { 291 .pages = LIST_HEAD_INIT(kprobe_optinsn_slots.pages), 292 /* .insn_size is initialized later */ 293 .nr_garbage = 0, 294 }; 295 /* Get a slot for optimized_kprobe buffer */ 296 kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *get_optinsn_slot(void) 297 { 298 kprobe_opcode_t *ret = NULL; 299 300 mutex_lock(&kprobe_optinsn_mutex); 301 ret = __get_insn_slot(&kprobe_optinsn_slots); 302 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_optinsn_mutex); 303 304 return ret; 305 } 306 307 void __kprobes free_optinsn_slot(kprobe_opcode_t * slot, int dirty) 308 { 309 mutex_lock(&kprobe_optinsn_mutex); 310 __free_insn_slot(&kprobe_optinsn_slots, slot, dirty); 311 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_optinsn_mutex); 312 } 313 #endif 314 #endif 315 316 /* We have preemption disabled.. so it is safe to use __ versions */ 317 static inline void set_kprobe_instance(struct kprobe *kp) 318 { 319 __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance) = kp; 320 } 321 322 static inline void reset_kprobe_instance(void) 323 { 324 __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance) = NULL; 325 } 326 327 /* 328 * This routine is called either: 329 * - under the kprobe_mutex - during kprobe_[un]register() 330 * OR 331 * - with preemption disabled - from arch/xxx/kernel/kprobes.c 332 */ 333 struct kprobe __kprobes *get_kprobe(void *addr) 334 { 335 struct hlist_head *head; 336 struct hlist_node *node; 337 struct kprobe *p; 338 339 head = &kprobe_table[hash_ptr(addr, KPROBE_HASH_BITS)]; 340 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) { 341 if (p->addr == addr) 342 return p; 343 } 344 345 return NULL; 346 } 347 348 static int __kprobes aggr_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs); 349 350 /* Return true if the kprobe is an aggregator */ 351 static inline int kprobe_aggrprobe(struct kprobe *p) 352 { 353 return p->pre_handler == aggr_pre_handler; 354 } 355 356 /* 357 * Keep all fields in the kprobe consistent 358 */ 359 static inline void copy_kprobe(struct kprobe *old_p, struct kprobe *p) 360 { 361 memcpy(&p->opcode, &old_p->opcode, sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)); 362 memcpy(&p->ainsn, &old_p->ainsn, sizeof(struct arch_specific_insn)); 363 } 364 365 #ifdef CONFIG_OPTPROBES 366 /* NOTE: change this value only with kprobe_mutex held */ 367 static bool kprobes_allow_optimization; 368 369 /* 370 * Call all pre_handler on the list, but ignores its return value. 371 * This must be called from arch-dep optimized caller. 372 */ 373 void __kprobes opt_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) 374 { 375 struct kprobe *kp; 376 377 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) { 378 if (kp->pre_handler && likely(!kprobe_disabled(kp))) { 379 set_kprobe_instance(kp); 380 kp->pre_handler(kp, regs); 381 } 382 reset_kprobe_instance(); 383 } 384 } 385 386 /* Return true(!0) if the kprobe is ready for optimization. */ 387 static inline int kprobe_optready(struct kprobe *p) 388 { 389 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 390 391 if (kprobe_aggrprobe(p)) { 392 op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 393 return arch_prepared_optinsn(&op->optinsn); 394 } 395 396 return 0; 397 } 398 399 /* 400 * Return an optimized kprobe whose optimizing code replaces 401 * instructions including addr (exclude breakpoint). 402 */ 403 static struct kprobe *__kprobes get_optimized_kprobe(unsigned long addr) 404 { 405 int i; 406 struct kprobe *p = NULL; 407 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 408 409 /* Don't check i == 0, since that is a breakpoint case. */ 410 for (i = 1; !p && i < MAX_OPTIMIZED_LENGTH; i++) 411 p = get_kprobe((void *)(addr - i)); 412 413 if (p && kprobe_optready(p)) { 414 op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 415 if (arch_within_optimized_kprobe(op, addr)) 416 return p; 417 } 418 419 return NULL; 420 } 421 422 /* Optimization staging list, protected by kprobe_mutex */ 423 static LIST_HEAD(optimizing_list); 424 425 static void kprobe_optimizer(struct work_struct *work); 426 static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(optimizing_work, kprobe_optimizer); 427 #define OPTIMIZE_DELAY 5 428 429 /* Kprobe jump optimizer */ 430 static __kprobes void kprobe_optimizer(struct work_struct *work) 431 { 432 struct optimized_kprobe *op, *tmp; 433 434 /* Lock modules while optimizing kprobes */ 435 mutex_lock(&module_mutex); 436 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 437 if (kprobes_all_disarmed || !kprobes_allow_optimization) 438 goto end; 439 440 /* 441 * Wait for quiesence period to ensure all running interrupts 442 * are done. Because optprobe may modify multiple instructions 443 * there is a chance that Nth instruction is interrupted. In that 444 * case, running interrupt can return to 2nd-Nth byte of jump 445 * instruction. This wait is for avoiding it. 446 */ 447 synchronize_sched(); 448 449 /* 450 * The optimization/unoptimization refers online_cpus via 451 * stop_machine() and cpu-hotplug modifies online_cpus. 452 * And same time, text_mutex will be held in cpu-hotplug and here. 453 * This combination can cause a deadlock (cpu-hotplug try to lock 454 * text_mutex but stop_machine can not be done because online_cpus 455 * has been changed) 456 * To avoid this deadlock, we need to call get_online_cpus() 457 * for preventing cpu-hotplug outside of text_mutex locking. 458 */ 459 get_online_cpus(); 460 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 461 list_for_each_entry_safe(op, tmp, &optimizing_list, list) { 462 WARN_ON(kprobe_disabled(&op->kp)); 463 if (arch_optimize_kprobe(op) < 0) 464 op->kp.flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED; 465 list_del_init(&op->list); 466 } 467 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 468 put_online_cpus(); 469 end: 470 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 471 mutex_unlock(&module_mutex); 472 } 473 474 /* Optimize kprobe if p is ready to be optimized */ 475 static __kprobes void optimize_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 476 { 477 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 478 479 /* Check if the kprobe is disabled or not ready for optimization. */ 480 if (!kprobe_optready(p) || !kprobes_allow_optimization || 481 (kprobe_disabled(p) || kprobes_all_disarmed)) 482 return; 483 484 /* Both of break_handler and post_handler are not supported. */ 485 if (p->break_handler || p->post_handler) 486 return; 487 488 op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 489 490 /* Check there is no other kprobes at the optimized instructions */ 491 if (arch_check_optimized_kprobe(op) < 0) 492 return; 493 494 /* Check if it is already optimized. */ 495 if (op->kp.flags & KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED) 496 return; 497 498 op->kp.flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED; 499 list_add(&op->list, &optimizing_list); 500 if (!delayed_work_pending(&optimizing_work)) 501 schedule_delayed_work(&optimizing_work, OPTIMIZE_DELAY); 502 } 503 504 /* Unoptimize a kprobe if p is optimized */ 505 static __kprobes void unoptimize_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 506 { 507 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 508 509 if ((p->flags & KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED) && kprobe_aggrprobe(p)) { 510 op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 511 if (!list_empty(&op->list)) 512 /* Dequeue from the optimization queue */ 513 list_del_init(&op->list); 514 else 515 /* Replace jump with break */ 516 arch_unoptimize_kprobe(op); 517 op->kp.flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED; 518 } 519 } 520 521 /* Remove optimized instructions */ 522 static void __kprobes kill_optimized_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 523 { 524 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 525 526 op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 527 if (!list_empty(&op->list)) { 528 /* Dequeue from the optimization queue */ 529 list_del_init(&op->list); 530 op->kp.flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED; 531 } 532 /* Don't unoptimize, because the target code will be freed. */ 533 arch_remove_optimized_kprobe(op); 534 } 535 536 /* Try to prepare optimized instructions */ 537 static __kprobes void prepare_optimized_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 538 { 539 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 540 541 op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 542 arch_prepare_optimized_kprobe(op); 543 } 544 545 /* Free optimized instructions and optimized_kprobe */ 546 static __kprobes void free_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 547 { 548 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 549 550 op = container_of(p, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 551 arch_remove_optimized_kprobe(op); 552 kfree(op); 553 } 554 555 /* Allocate new optimized_kprobe and try to prepare optimized instructions */ 556 static __kprobes struct kprobe *alloc_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 557 { 558 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 559 560 op = kzalloc(sizeof(struct optimized_kprobe), GFP_KERNEL); 561 if (!op) 562 return NULL; 563 564 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&op->list); 565 op->kp.addr = p->addr; 566 arch_prepare_optimized_kprobe(op); 567 568 return &op->kp; 569 } 570 571 static void __kprobes init_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *ap, struct kprobe *p); 572 573 /* 574 * Prepare an optimized_kprobe and optimize it 575 * NOTE: p must be a normal registered kprobe 576 */ 577 static __kprobes void try_to_optimize_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 578 { 579 struct kprobe *ap; 580 struct optimized_kprobe *op; 581 582 ap = alloc_aggr_kprobe(p); 583 if (!ap) 584 return; 585 586 op = container_of(ap, struct optimized_kprobe, kp); 587 if (!arch_prepared_optinsn(&op->optinsn)) { 588 /* If failed to setup optimizing, fallback to kprobe */ 589 free_aggr_kprobe(ap); 590 return; 591 } 592 593 init_aggr_kprobe(ap, p); 594 optimize_kprobe(ap); 595 } 596 597 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL 598 static void __kprobes optimize_all_kprobes(void) 599 { 600 struct hlist_head *head; 601 struct hlist_node *node; 602 struct kprobe *p; 603 unsigned int i; 604 605 /* If optimization is already allowed, just return */ 606 if (kprobes_allow_optimization) 607 return; 608 609 kprobes_allow_optimization = true; 610 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 611 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) { 612 head = &kprobe_table[i]; 613 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) 614 if (!kprobe_disabled(p)) 615 optimize_kprobe(p); 616 } 617 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 618 printk(KERN_INFO "Kprobes globally optimized\n"); 619 } 620 621 static void __kprobes unoptimize_all_kprobes(void) 622 { 623 struct hlist_head *head; 624 struct hlist_node *node; 625 struct kprobe *p; 626 unsigned int i; 627 628 /* If optimization is already prohibited, just return */ 629 if (!kprobes_allow_optimization) 630 return; 631 632 kprobes_allow_optimization = false; 633 printk(KERN_INFO "Kprobes globally unoptimized\n"); 634 get_online_cpus(); /* For avoiding text_mutex deadlock */ 635 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 636 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) { 637 head = &kprobe_table[i]; 638 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) { 639 if (!kprobe_disabled(p)) 640 unoptimize_kprobe(p); 641 } 642 } 643 644 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 645 put_online_cpus(); 646 /* Allow all currently running kprobes to complete */ 647 synchronize_sched(); 648 } 649 650 int sysctl_kprobes_optimization; 651 int proc_kprobes_optimization_handler(struct ctl_table *table, int write, 652 void __user *buffer, size_t *length, 653 loff_t *ppos) 654 { 655 int ret; 656 657 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 658 sysctl_kprobes_optimization = kprobes_allow_optimization ? 1 : 0; 659 ret = proc_dointvec_minmax(table, write, buffer, length, ppos); 660 661 if (sysctl_kprobes_optimization) 662 optimize_all_kprobes(); 663 else 664 unoptimize_all_kprobes(); 665 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 666 667 return ret; 668 } 669 #endif /* CONFIG_SYSCTL */ 670 671 static void __kprobes __arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 672 { 673 struct kprobe *old_p; 674 675 /* Check collision with other optimized kprobes */ 676 old_p = get_optimized_kprobe((unsigned long)p->addr); 677 if (unlikely(old_p)) 678 unoptimize_kprobe(old_p); /* Fallback to unoptimized kprobe */ 679 680 arch_arm_kprobe(p); 681 optimize_kprobe(p); /* Try to optimize (add kprobe to a list) */ 682 } 683 684 static void __kprobes __disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 685 { 686 struct kprobe *old_p; 687 688 unoptimize_kprobe(p); /* Try to unoptimize */ 689 arch_disarm_kprobe(p); 690 691 /* If another kprobe was blocked, optimize it. */ 692 old_p = get_optimized_kprobe((unsigned long)p->addr); 693 if (unlikely(old_p)) 694 optimize_kprobe(old_p); 695 } 696 697 #else /* !CONFIG_OPTPROBES */ 698 699 #define optimize_kprobe(p) do {} while (0) 700 #define unoptimize_kprobe(p) do {} while (0) 701 #define kill_optimized_kprobe(p) do {} while (0) 702 #define prepare_optimized_kprobe(p) do {} while (0) 703 #define try_to_optimize_kprobe(p) do {} while (0) 704 #define __arm_kprobe(p) arch_arm_kprobe(p) 705 #define __disarm_kprobe(p) arch_disarm_kprobe(p) 706 707 static __kprobes void free_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 708 { 709 kfree(p); 710 } 711 712 static __kprobes struct kprobe *alloc_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 713 { 714 return kzalloc(sizeof(struct kprobe), GFP_KERNEL); 715 } 716 #endif /* CONFIG_OPTPROBES */ 717 718 /* Arm a kprobe with text_mutex */ 719 static void __kprobes arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp) 720 { 721 /* 722 * Here, since __arm_kprobe() doesn't use stop_machine(), 723 * this doesn't cause deadlock on text_mutex. So, we don't 724 * need get_online_cpus(). 725 */ 726 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 727 __arm_kprobe(kp); 728 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 729 } 730 731 /* Disarm a kprobe with text_mutex */ 732 static void __kprobes disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp) 733 { 734 get_online_cpus(); /* For avoiding text_mutex deadlock */ 735 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 736 __disarm_kprobe(kp); 737 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 738 put_online_cpus(); 739 } 740 741 /* 742 * Aggregate handlers for multiple kprobes support - these handlers 743 * take care of invoking the individual kprobe handlers on p->list 744 */ 745 static int __kprobes aggr_pre_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) 746 { 747 struct kprobe *kp; 748 749 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) { 750 if (kp->pre_handler && likely(!kprobe_disabled(kp))) { 751 set_kprobe_instance(kp); 752 if (kp->pre_handler(kp, regs)) 753 return 1; 754 } 755 reset_kprobe_instance(); 756 } 757 return 0; 758 } 759 760 static void __kprobes aggr_post_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, 761 unsigned long flags) 762 { 763 struct kprobe *kp; 764 765 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) { 766 if (kp->post_handler && likely(!kprobe_disabled(kp))) { 767 set_kprobe_instance(kp); 768 kp->post_handler(kp, regs, flags); 769 reset_kprobe_instance(); 770 } 771 } 772 } 773 774 static int __kprobes aggr_fault_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, 775 int trapnr) 776 { 777 struct kprobe *cur = __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance); 778 779 /* 780 * if we faulted "during" the execution of a user specified 781 * probe handler, invoke just that probe's fault handler 782 */ 783 if (cur && cur->fault_handler) { 784 if (cur->fault_handler(cur, regs, trapnr)) 785 return 1; 786 } 787 return 0; 788 } 789 790 static int __kprobes aggr_break_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) 791 { 792 struct kprobe *cur = __get_cpu_var(kprobe_instance); 793 int ret = 0; 794 795 if (cur && cur->break_handler) { 796 if (cur->break_handler(cur, regs)) 797 ret = 1; 798 } 799 reset_kprobe_instance(); 800 return ret; 801 } 802 803 /* Walks the list and increments nmissed count for multiprobe case */ 804 void __kprobes kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(struct kprobe *p) 805 { 806 struct kprobe *kp; 807 if (!kprobe_aggrprobe(p)) { 808 p->nmissed++; 809 } else { 810 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) 811 kp->nmissed++; 812 } 813 return; 814 } 815 816 void __kprobes recycle_rp_inst(struct kretprobe_instance *ri, 817 struct hlist_head *head) 818 { 819 struct kretprobe *rp = ri->rp; 820 821 /* remove rp inst off the rprobe_inst_table */ 822 hlist_del(&ri->hlist); 823 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ri->hlist); 824 if (likely(rp)) { 825 spin_lock(&rp->lock); 826 hlist_add_head(&ri->hlist, &rp->free_instances); 827 spin_unlock(&rp->lock); 828 } else 829 /* Unregistering */ 830 hlist_add_head(&ri->hlist, head); 831 } 832 833 void __kprobes kretprobe_hash_lock(struct task_struct *tsk, 834 struct hlist_head **head, unsigned long *flags) 835 __acquires(hlist_lock) 836 { 837 unsigned long hash = hash_ptr(tsk, KPROBE_HASH_BITS); 838 spinlock_t *hlist_lock; 839 840 *head = &kretprobe_inst_table[hash]; 841 hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash); 842 spin_lock_irqsave(hlist_lock, *flags); 843 } 844 845 static void __kprobes kretprobe_table_lock(unsigned long hash, 846 unsigned long *flags) 847 __acquires(hlist_lock) 848 { 849 spinlock_t *hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash); 850 spin_lock_irqsave(hlist_lock, *flags); 851 } 852 853 void __kprobes kretprobe_hash_unlock(struct task_struct *tsk, 854 unsigned long *flags) 855 __releases(hlist_lock) 856 { 857 unsigned long hash = hash_ptr(tsk, KPROBE_HASH_BITS); 858 spinlock_t *hlist_lock; 859 860 hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash); 861 spin_unlock_irqrestore(hlist_lock, *flags); 862 } 863 864 static void __kprobes kretprobe_table_unlock(unsigned long hash, 865 unsigned long *flags) 866 __releases(hlist_lock) 867 { 868 spinlock_t *hlist_lock = kretprobe_table_lock_ptr(hash); 869 spin_unlock_irqrestore(hlist_lock, *flags); 870 } 871 872 /* 873 * This function is called from finish_task_switch when task tk becomes dead, 874 * so that we can recycle any function-return probe instances associated 875 * with this task. These left over instances represent probed functions 876 * that have been called but will never return. 877 */ 878 void __kprobes kprobe_flush_task(struct task_struct *tk) 879 { 880 struct kretprobe_instance *ri; 881 struct hlist_head *head, empty_rp; 882 struct hlist_node *node, *tmp; 883 unsigned long hash, flags = 0; 884 885 if (unlikely(!kprobes_initialized)) 886 /* Early boot. kretprobe_table_locks not yet initialized. */ 887 return; 888 889 hash = hash_ptr(tk, KPROBE_HASH_BITS); 890 head = &kretprobe_inst_table[hash]; 891 kretprobe_table_lock(hash, &flags); 892 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, node, tmp, head, hlist) { 893 if (ri->task == tk) 894 recycle_rp_inst(ri, &empty_rp); 895 } 896 kretprobe_table_unlock(hash, &flags); 897 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&empty_rp); 898 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, node, tmp, &empty_rp, hlist) { 899 hlist_del(&ri->hlist); 900 kfree(ri); 901 } 902 } 903 904 static inline void free_rp_inst(struct kretprobe *rp) 905 { 906 struct kretprobe_instance *ri; 907 struct hlist_node *pos, *next; 908 909 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, pos, next, &rp->free_instances, hlist) { 910 hlist_del(&ri->hlist); 911 kfree(ri); 912 } 913 } 914 915 static void __kprobes cleanup_rp_inst(struct kretprobe *rp) 916 { 917 unsigned long flags, hash; 918 struct kretprobe_instance *ri; 919 struct hlist_node *pos, *next; 920 struct hlist_head *head; 921 922 /* No race here */ 923 for (hash = 0; hash < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; hash++) { 924 kretprobe_table_lock(hash, &flags); 925 head = &kretprobe_inst_table[hash]; 926 hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, pos, next, head, hlist) { 927 if (ri->rp == rp) 928 ri->rp = NULL; 929 } 930 kretprobe_table_unlock(hash, &flags); 931 } 932 free_rp_inst(rp); 933 } 934 935 /* 936 * Add the new probe to ap->list. Fail if this is the 937 * second jprobe at the address - two jprobes can't coexist 938 */ 939 static int __kprobes add_new_kprobe(struct kprobe *ap, struct kprobe *p) 940 { 941 BUG_ON(kprobe_gone(ap) || kprobe_gone(p)); 942 943 if (p->break_handler || p->post_handler) 944 unoptimize_kprobe(ap); /* Fall back to normal kprobe */ 945 946 if (p->break_handler) { 947 if (ap->break_handler) 948 return -EEXIST; 949 list_add_tail_rcu(&p->list, &ap->list); 950 ap->break_handler = aggr_break_handler; 951 } else 952 list_add_rcu(&p->list, &ap->list); 953 if (p->post_handler && !ap->post_handler) 954 ap->post_handler = aggr_post_handler; 955 956 if (kprobe_disabled(ap) && !kprobe_disabled(p)) { 957 ap->flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; 958 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed) 959 /* Arm the breakpoint again. */ 960 __arm_kprobe(ap); 961 } 962 return 0; 963 } 964 965 /* 966 * Fill in the required fields of the "manager kprobe". Replace the 967 * earlier kprobe in the hlist with the manager kprobe 968 */ 969 static void __kprobes init_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *ap, struct kprobe *p) 970 { 971 /* Copy p's insn slot to ap */ 972 copy_kprobe(p, ap); 973 flush_insn_slot(ap); 974 ap->addr = p->addr; 975 ap->flags = p->flags & ~KPROBE_FLAG_OPTIMIZED; 976 ap->pre_handler = aggr_pre_handler; 977 ap->fault_handler = aggr_fault_handler; 978 /* We don't care the kprobe which has gone. */ 979 if (p->post_handler && !kprobe_gone(p)) 980 ap->post_handler = aggr_post_handler; 981 if (p->break_handler && !kprobe_gone(p)) 982 ap->break_handler = aggr_break_handler; 983 984 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ap->list); 985 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ap->hlist); 986 987 list_add_rcu(&p->list, &ap->list); 988 hlist_replace_rcu(&p->hlist, &ap->hlist); 989 } 990 991 /* 992 * This is the second or subsequent kprobe at the address - handle 993 * the intricacies 994 */ 995 static int __kprobes register_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *old_p, 996 struct kprobe *p) 997 { 998 int ret = 0; 999 struct kprobe *ap = old_p; 1000 1001 if (!kprobe_aggrprobe(old_p)) { 1002 /* If old_p is not an aggr_kprobe, create new aggr_kprobe. */ 1003 ap = alloc_aggr_kprobe(old_p); 1004 if (!ap) 1005 return -ENOMEM; 1006 init_aggr_kprobe(ap, old_p); 1007 } 1008 1009 if (kprobe_gone(ap)) { 1010 /* 1011 * Attempting to insert new probe at the same location that 1012 * had a probe in the module vaddr area which already 1013 * freed. So, the instruction slot has already been 1014 * released. We need a new slot for the new probe. 1015 */ 1016 ret = arch_prepare_kprobe(ap); 1017 if (ret) 1018 /* 1019 * Even if fail to allocate new slot, don't need to 1020 * free aggr_probe. It will be used next time, or 1021 * freed by unregister_kprobe. 1022 */ 1023 return ret; 1024 1025 /* Prepare optimized instructions if possible. */ 1026 prepare_optimized_kprobe(ap); 1027 1028 /* 1029 * Clear gone flag to prevent allocating new slot again, and 1030 * set disabled flag because it is not armed yet. 1031 */ 1032 ap->flags = (ap->flags & ~KPROBE_FLAG_GONE) 1033 | KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; 1034 } 1035 1036 /* Copy ap's insn slot to p */ 1037 copy_kprobe(ap, p); 1038 return add_new_kprobe(ap, p); 1039 } 1040 1041 /* Try to disable aggr_kprobe, and return 1 if succeeded.*/ 1042 static int __kprobes try_to_disable_aggr_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 1043 { 1044 struct kprobe *kp; 1045 1046 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) { 1047 if (!kprobe_disabled(kp)) 1048 /* 1049 * There is an active probe on the list. 1050 * We can't disable aggr_kprobe. 1051 */ 1052 return 0; 1053 } 1054 p->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; 1055 return 1; 1056 } 1057 1058 static int __kprobes in_kprobes_functions(unsigned long addr) 1059 { 1060 struct kprobe_blackpoint *kb; 1061 1062 if (addr >= (unsigned long)__kprobes_text_start && 1063 addr < (unsigned long)__kprobes_text_end) 1064 return -EINVAL; 1065 /* 1066 * If there exists a kprobe_blacklist, verify and 1067 * fail any probe registration in the prohibited area 1068 */ 1069 for (kb = kprobe_blacklist; kb->name != NULL; kb++) { 1070 if (kb->start_addr) { 1071 if (addr >= kb->start_addr && 1072 addr < (kb->start_addr + kb->range)) 1073 return -EINVAL; 1074 } 1075 } 1076 return 0; 1077 } 1078 1079 /* 1080 * If we have a symbol_name argument, look it up and add the offset field 1081 * to it. This way, we can specify a relative address to a symbol. 1082 */ 1083 static kprobe_opcode_t __kprobes *kprobe_addr(struct kprobe *p) 1084 { 1085 kprobe_opcode_t *addr = p->addr; 1086 if (p->symbol_name) { 1087 if (addr) 1088 return NULL; 1089 kprobe_lookup_name(p->symbol_name, addr); 1090 } 1091 1092 if (!addr) 1093 return NULL; 1094 return (kprobe_opcode_t *)(((char *)addr) + p->offset); 1095 } 1096 1097 /* Check passed kprobe is valid and return kprobe in kprobe_table. */ 1098 static struct kprobe * __kprobes __get_valid_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 1099 { 1100 struct kprobe *old_p, *list_p; 1101 1102 old_p = get_kprobe(p->addr); 1103 if (unlikely(!old_p)) 1104 return NULL; 1105 1106 if (p != old_p) { 1107 list_for_each_entry_rcu(list_p, &old_p->list, list) 1108 if (list_p == p) 1109 /* kprobe p is a valid probe */ 1110 goto valid; 1111 return NULL; 1112 } 1113 valid: 1114 return old_p; 1115 } 1116 1117 /* Return error if the kprobe is being re-registered */ 1118 static inline int check_kprobe_rereg(struct kprobe *p) 1119 { 1120 int ret = 0; 1121 struct kprobe *old_p; 1122 1123 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1124 old_p = __get_valid_kprobe(p); 1125 if (old_p) 1126 ret = -EINVAL; 1127 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1128 return ret; 1129 } 1130 1131 int __kprobes register_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 1132 { 1133 int ret = 0; 1134 struct kprobe *old_p; 1135 struct module *probed_mod; 1136 kprobe_opcode_t *addr; 1137 1138 addr = kprobe_addr(p); 1139 if (!addr) 1140 return -EINVAL; 1141 p->addr = addr; 1142 1143 ret = check_kprobe_rereg(p); 1144 if (ret) 1145 return ret; 1146 1147 preempt_disable(); 1148 if (!kernel_text_address((unsigned long) p->addr) || 1149 in_kprobes_functions((unsigned long) p->addr) || 1150 ftrace_text_reserved(p->addr, p->addr) || 1151 jump_label_text_reserved(p->addr, p->addr)) { 1152 preempt_enable(); 1153 return -EINVAL; 1154 } 1155 1156 /* User can pass only KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED to register_kprobe */ 1157 p->flags &= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; 1158 1159 /* 1160 * Check if are we probing a module. 1161 */ 1162 probed_mod = __module_text_address((unsigned long) p->addr); 1163 if (probed_mod) { 1164 /* 1165 * We must hold a refcount of the probed module while updating 1166 * its code to prohibit unexpected unloading. 1167 */ 1168 if (unlikely(!try_module_get(probed_mod))) { 1169 preempt_enable(); 1170 return -EINVAL; 1171 } 1172 /* 1173 * If the module freed .init.text, we couldn't insert 1174 * kprobes in there. 1175 */ 1176 if (within_module_init((unsigned long)p->addr, probed_mod) && 1177 probed_mod->state != MODULE_STATE_COMING) { 1178 module_put(probed_mod); 1179 preempt_enable(); 1180 return -EINVAL; 1181 } 1182 } 1183 preempt_enable(); 1184 1185 p->nmissed = 0; 1186 INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->list); 1187 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1188 1189 get_online_cpus(); /* For avoiding text_mutex deadlock. */ 1190 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 1191 1192 old_p = get_kprobe(p->addr); 1193 if (old_p) { 1194 /* Since this may unoptimize old_p, locking text_mutex. */ 1195 ret = register_aggr_kprobe(old_p, p); 1196 goto out; 1197 } 1198 1199 ret = arch_prepare_kprobe(p); 1200 if (ret) 1201 goto out; 1202 1203 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&p->hlist); 1204 hlist_add_head_rcu(&p->hlist, 1205 &kprobe_table[hash_ptr(p->addr, KPROBE_HASH_BITS)]); 1206 1207 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && !kprobe_disabled(p)) 1208 __arm_kprobe(p); 1209 1210 /* Try to optimize kprobe */ 1211 try_to_optimize_kprobe(p); 1212 1213 out: 1214 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 1215 put_online_cpus(); 1216 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1217 1218 if (probed_mod) 1219 module_put(probed_mod); 1220 1221 return ret; 1222 } 1223 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kprobe); 1224 1225 /* 1226 * Unregister a kprobe without a scheduler synchronization. 1227 */ 1228 static int __kprobes __unregister_kprobe_top(struct kprobe *p) 1229 { 1230 struct kprobe *old_p, *list_p; 1231 1232 old_p = __get_valid_kprobe(p); 1233 if (old_p == NULL) 1234 return -EINVAL; 1235 1236 if (old_p == p || 1237 (kprobe_aggrprobe(old_p) && 1238 list_is_singular(&old_p->list))) { 1239 /* 1240 * Only probe on the hash list. Disarm only if kprobes are 1241 * enabled and not gone - otherwise, the breakpoint would 1242 * already have been removed. We save on flushing icache. 1243 */ 1244 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && !kprobe_disabled(old_p)) 1245 disarm_kprobe(old_p); 1246 hlist_del_rcu(&old_p->hlist); 1247 } else { 1248 if (p->break_handler && !kprobe_gone(p)) 1249 old_p->break_handler = NULL; 1250 if (p->post_handler && !kprobe_gone(p)) { 1251 list_for_each_entry_rcu(list_p, &old_p->list, list) { 1252 if ((list_p != p) && (list_p->post_handler)) 1253 goto noclean; 1254 } 1255 old_p->post_handler = NULL; 1256 } 1257 noclean: 1258 list_del_rcu(&p->list); 1259 if (!kprobe_disabled(old_p)) { 1260 try_to_disable_aggr_kprobe(old_p); 1261 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed) { 1262 if (kprobe_disabled(old_p)) 1263 disarm_kprobe(old_p); 1264 else 1265 /* Try to optimize this probe again */ 1266 optimize_kprobe(old_p); 1267 } 1268 } 1269 } 1270 return 0; 1271 } 1272 1273 static void __kprobes __unregister_kprobe_bottom(struct kprobe *p) 1274 { 1275 struct kprobe *old_p; 1276 1277 if (list_empty(&p->list)) 1278 arch_remove_kprobe(p); 1279 else if (list_is_singular(&p->list)) { 1280 /* "p" is the last child of an aggr_kprobe */ 1281 old_p = list_entry(p->list.next, struct kprobe, list); 1282 list_del(&p->list); 1283 arch_remove_kprobe(old_p); 1284 free_aggr_kprobe(old_p); 1285 } 1286 } 1287 1288 int __kprobes register_kprobes(struct kprobe **kps, int num) 1289 { 1290 int i, ret = 0; 1291 1292 if (num <= 0) 1293 return -EINVAL; 1294 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { 1295 ret = register_kprobe(kps[i]); 1296 if (ret < 0) { 1297 if (i > 0) 1298 unregister_kprobes(kps, i); 1299 break; 1300 } 1301 } 1302 return ret; 1303 } 1304 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kprobes); 1305 1306 void __kprobes unregister_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 1307 { 1308 unregister_kprobes(&p, 1); 1309 } 1310 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kprobe); 1311 1312 void __kprobes unregister_kprobes(struct kprobe **kps, int num) 1313 { 1314 int i; 1315 1316 if (num <= 0) 1317 return; 1318 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1319 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) 1320 if (__unregister_kprobe_top(kps[i]) < 0) 1321 kps[i]->addr = NULL; 1322 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1323 1324 synchronize_sched(); 1325 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) 1326 if (kps[i]->addr) 1327 __unregister_kprobe_bottom(kps[i]); 1328 } 1329 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kprobes); 1330 1331 static struct notifier_block kprobe_exceptions_nb = { 1332 .notifier_call = kprobe_exceptions_notify, 1333 .priority = 0x7fffffff /* we need to be notified first */ 1334 }; 1335 1336 unsigned long __weak arch_deref_entry_point(void *entry) 1337 { 1338 return (unsigned long)entry; 1339 } 1340 1341 int __kprobes register_jprobes(struct jprobe **jps, int num) 1342 { 1343 struct jprobe *jp; 1344 int ret = 0, i; 1345 1346 if (num <= 0) 1347 return -EINVAL; 1348 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { 1349 unsigned long addr, offset; 1350 jp = jps[i]; 1351 addr = arch_deref_entry_point(jp->entry); 1352 1353 /* Verify probepoint is a function entry point */ 1354 if (kallsyms_lookup_size_offset(addr, NULL, &offset) && 1355 offset == 0) { 1356 jp->kp.pre_handler = setjmp_pre_handler; 1357 jp->kp.break_handler = longjmp_break_handler; 1358 ret = register_kprobe(&jp->kp); 1359 } else 1360 ret = -EINVAL; 1361 1362 if (ret < 0) { 1363 if (i > 0) 1364 unregister_jprobes(jps, i); 1365 break; 1366 } 1367 } 1368 return ret; 1369 } 1370 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_jprobes); 1371 1372 int __kprobes register_jprobe(struct jprobe *jp) 1373 { 1374 return register_jprobes(&jp, 1); 1375 } 1376 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_jprobe); 1377 1378 void __kprobes unregister_jprobe(struct jprobe *jp) 1379 { 1380 unregister_jprobes(&jp, 1); 1381 } 1382 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_jprobe); 1383 1384 void __kprobes unregister_jprobes(struct jprobe **jps, int num) 1385 { 1386 int i; 1387 1388 if (num <= 0) 1389 return; 1390 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1391 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) 1392 if (__unregister_kprobe_top(&jps[i]->kp) < 0) 1393 jps[i]->kp.addr = NULL; 1394 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1395 1396 synchronize_sched(); 1397 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { 1398 if (jps[i]->kp.addr) 1399 __unregister_kprobe_bottom(&jps[i]->kp); 1400 } 1401 } 1402 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_jprobes); 1403 1404 #ifdef CONFIG_KRETPROBES 1405 /* 1406 * This kprobe pre_handler is registered with every kretprobe. When probe 1407 * hits it will set up the return probe. 1408 */ 1409 static int __kprobes pre_handler_kretprobe(struct kprobe *p, 1410 struct pt_regs *regs) 1411 { 1412 struct kretprobe *rp = container_of(p, struct kretprobe, kp); 1413 unsigned long hash, flags = 0; 1414 struct kretprobe_instance *ri; 1415 1416 /*TODO: consider to only swap the RA after the last pre_handler fired */ 1417 hash = hash_ptr(current, KPROBE_HASH_BITS); 1418 spin_lock_irqsave(&rp->lock, flags); 1419 if (!hlist_empty(&rp->free_instances)) { 1420 ri = hlist_entry(rp->free_instances.first, 1421 struct kretprobe_instance, hlist); 1422 hlist_del(&ri->hlist); 1423 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rp->lock, flags); 1424 1425 ri->rp = rp; 1426 ri->task = current; 1427 1428 if (rp->entry_handler && rp->entry_handler(ri, regs)) 1429 return 0; 1430 1431 arch_prepare_kretprobe(ri, regs); 1432 1433 /* XXX(hch): why is there no hlist_move_head? */ 1434 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&ri->hlist); 1435 kretprobe_table_lock(hash, &flags); 1436 hlist_add_head(&ri->hlist, &kretprobe_inst_table[hash]); 1437 kretprobe_table_unlock(hash, &flags); 1438 } else { 1439 rp->nmissed++; 1440 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rp->lock, flags); 1441 } 1442 return 0; 1443 } 1444 1445 int __kprobes register_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp) 1446 { 1447 int ret = 0; 1448 struct kretprobe_instance *inst; 1449 int i; 1450 void *addr; 1451 1452 if (kretprobe_blacklist_size) { 1453 addr = kprobe_addr(&rp->kp); 1454 if (!addr) 1455 return -EINVAL; 1456 1457 for (i = 0; kretprobe_blacklist[i].name != NULL; i++) { 1458 if (kretprobe_blacklist[i].addr == addr) 1459 return -EINVAL; 1460 } 1461 } 1462 1463 rp->kp.pre_handler = pre_handler_kretprobe; 1464 rp->kp.post_handler = NULL; 1465 rp->kp.fault_handler = NULL; 1466 rp->kp.break_handler = NULL; 1467 1468 /* Pre-allocate memory for max kretprobe instances */ 1469 if (rp->maxactive <= 0) { 1470 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT 1471 rp->maxactive = max_t(unsigned int, 10, 2*num_possible_cpus()); 1472 #else 1473 rp->maxactive = num_possible_cpus(); 1474 #endif 1475 } 1476 spin_lock_init(&rp->lock); 1477 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&rp->free_instances); 1478 for (i = 0; i < rp->maxactive; i++) { 1479 inst = kmalloc(sizeof(struct kretprobe_instance) + 1480 rp->data_size, GFP_KERNEL); 1481 if (inst == NULL) { 1482 free_rp_inst(rp); 1483 return -ENOMEM; 1484 } 1485 INIT_HLIST_NODE(&inst->hlist); 1486 hlist_add_head(&inst->hlist, &rp->free_instances); 1487 } 1488 1489 rp->nmissed = 0; 1490 /* Establish function entry probe point */ 1491 ret = register_kprobe(&rp->kp); 1492 if (ret != 0) 1493 free_rp_inst(rp); 1494 return ret; 1495 } 1496 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobe); 1497 1498 int __kprobes register_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num) 1499 { 1500 int ret = 0, i; 1501 1502 if (num <= 0) 1503 return -EINVAL; 1504 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { 1505 ret = register_kretprobe(rps[i]); 1506 if (ret < 0) { 1507 if (i > 0) 1508 unregister_kretprobes(rps, i); 1509 break; 1510 } 1511 } 1512 return ret; 1513 } 1514 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobes); 1515 1516 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp) 1517 { 1518 unregister_kretprobes(&rp, 1); 1519 } 1520 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobe); 1521 1522 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num) 1523 { 1524 int i; 1525 1526 if (num <= 0) 1527 return; 1528 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1529 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) 1530 if (__unregister_kprobe_top(&rps[i]->kp) < 0) 1531 rps[i]->kp.addr = NULL; 1532 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1533 1534 synchronize_sched(); 1535 for (i = 0; i < num; i++) { 1536 if (rps[i]->kp.addr) { 1537 __unregister_kprobe_bottom(&rps[i]->kp); 1538 cleanup_rp_inst(rps[i]); 1539 } 1540 } 1541 } 1542 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobes); 1543 1544 #else /* CONFIG_KRETPROBES */ 1545 int __kprobes register_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp) 1546 { 1547 return -ENOSYS; 1548 } 1549 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobe); 1550 1551 int __kprobes register_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num) 1552 { 1553 return -ENOSYS; 1554 } 1555 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(register_kretprobes); 1556 1557 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobe(struct kretprobe *rp) 1558 { 1559 } 1560 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobe); 1561 1562 void __kprobes unregister_kretprobes(struct kretprobe **rps, int num) 1563 { 1564 } 1565 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(unregister_kretprobes); 1566 1567 static int __kprobes pre_handler_kretprobe(struct kprobe *p, 1568 struct pt_regs *regs) 1569 { 1570 return 0; 1571 } 1572 1573 #endif /* CONFIG_KRETPROBES */ 1574 1575 /* Set the kprobe gone and remove its instruction buffer. */ 1576 static void __kprobes kill_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) 1577 { 1578 struct kprobe *kp; 1579 1580 p->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_GONE; 1581 if (kprobe_aggrprobe(p)) { 1582 /* 1583 * If this is an aggr_kprobe, we have to list all the 1584 * chained probes and mark them GONE. 1585 */ 1586 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) 1587 kp->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_GONE; 1588 p->post_handler = NULL; 1589 p->break_handler = NULL; 1590 kill_optimized_kprobe(p); 1591 } 1592 /* 1593 * Here, we can remove insn_slot safely, because no thread calls 1594 * the original probed function (which will be freed soon) any more. 1595 */ 1596 arch_remove_kprobe(p); 1597 } 1598 1599 /* Disable one kprobe */ 1600 int __kprobes disable_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp) 1601 { 1602 int ret = 0; 1603 struct kprobe *p; 1604 1605 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1606 1607 /* Check whether specified probe is valid. */ 1608 p = __get_valid_kprobe(kp); 1609 if (unlikely(p == NULL)) { 1610 ret = -EINVAL; 1611 goto out; 1612 } 1613 1614 /* If the probe is already disabled (or gone), just return */ 1615 if (kprobe_disabled(kp)) 1616 goto out; 1617 1618 kp->flags |= KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; 1619 if (p != kp) 1620 /* When kp != p, p is always enabled. */ 1621 try_to_disable_aggr_kprobe(p); 1622 1623 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && kprobe_disabled(p)) 1624 disarm_kprobe(p); 1625 out: 1626 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1627 return ret; 1628 } 1629 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(disable_kprobe); 1630 1631 /* Enable one kprobe */ 1632 int __kprobes enable_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp) 1633 { 1634 int ret = 0; 1635 struct kprobe *p; 1636 1637 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1638 1639 /* Check whether specified probe is valid. */ 1640 p = __get_valid_kprobe(kp); 1641 if (unlikely(p == NULL)) { 1642 ret = -EINVAL; 1643 goto out; 1644 } 1645 1646 if (kprobe_gone(kp)) { 1647 /* This kprobe has gone, we couldn't enable it. */ 1648 ret = -EINVAL; 1649 goto out; 1650 } 1651 1652 if (p != kp) 1653 kp->flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; 1654 1655 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed && kprobe_disabled(p)) { 1656 p->flags &= ~KPROBE_FLAG_DISABLED; 1657 arm_kprobe(p); 1658 } 1659 out: 1660 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1661 return ret; 1662 } 1663 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(enable_kprobe); 1664 1665 void __kprobes dump_kprobe(struct kprobe *kp) 1666 { 1667 printk(KERN_WARNING "Dumping kprobe:\n"); 1668 printk(KERN_WARNING "Name: %s\nAddress: %p\nOffset: %x\n", 1669 kp->symbol_name, kp->addr, kp->offset); 1670 } 1671 1672 /* Module notifier call back, checking kprobes on the module */ 1673 static int __kprobes kprobes_module_callback(struct notifier_block *nb, 1674 unsigned long val, void *data) 1675 { 1676 struct module *mod = data; 1677 struct hlist_head *head; 1678 struct hlist_node *node; 1679 struct kprobe *p; 1680 unsigned int i; 1681 int checkcore = (val == MODULE_STATE_GOING); 1682 1683 if (val != MODULE_STATE_GOING && val != MODULE_STATE_LIVE) 1684 return NOTIFY_DONE; 1685 1686 /* 1687 * When MODULE_STATE_GOING was notified, both of module .text and 1688 * .init.text sections would be freed. When MODULE_STATE_LIVE was 1689 * notified, only .init.text section would be freed. We need to 1690 * disable kprobes which have been inserted in the sections. 1691 */ 1692 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1693 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) { 1694 head = &kprobe_table[i]; 1695 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) 1696 if (within_module_init((unsigned long)p->addr, mod) || 1697 (checkcore && 1698 within_module_core((unsigned long)p->addr, mod))) { 1699 /* 1700 * The vaddr this probe is installed will soon 1701 * be vfreed buy not synced to disk. Hence, 1702 * disarming the breakpoint isn't needed. 1703 */ 1704 kill_kprobe(p); 1705 } 1706 } 1707 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1708 return NOTIFY_DONE; 1709 } 1710 1711 static struct notifier_block kprobe_module_nb = { 1712 .notifier_call = kprobes_module_callback, 1713 .priority = 0 1714 }; 1715 1716 static int __init init_kprobes(void) 1717 { 1718 int i, err = 0; 1719 unsigned long offset = 0, size = 0; 1720 char *modname, namebuf[128]; 1721 const char *symbol_name; 1722 void *addr; 1723 struct kprobe_blackpoint *kb; 1724 1725 /* FIXME allocate the probe table, currently defined statically */ 1726 /* initialize all list heads */ 1727 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) { 1728 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&kprobe_table[i]); 1729 INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&kretprobe_inst_table[i]); 1730 spin_lock_init(&(kretprobe_table_locks[i].lock)); 1731 } 1732 1733 /* 1734 * Lookup and populate the kprobe_blacklist. 1735 * 1736 * Unlike the kretprobe blacklist, we'll need to determine 1737 * the range of addresses that belong to the said functions, 1738 * since a kprobe need not necessarily be at the beginning 1739 * of a function. 1740 */ 1741 for (kb = kprobe_blacklist; kb->name != NULL; kb++) { 1742 kprobe_lookup_name(kb->name, addr); 1743 if (!addr) 1744 continue; 1745 1746 kb->start_addr = (unsigned long)addr; 1747 symbol_name = kallsyms_lookup(kb->start_addr, 1748 &size, &offset, &modname, namebuf); 1749 if (!symbol_name) 1750 kb->range = 0; 1751 else 1752 kb->range = size; 1753 } 1754 1755 if (kretprobe_blacklist_size) { 1756 /* lookup the function address from its name */ 1757 for (i = 0; kretprobe_blacklist[i].name != NULL; i++) { 1758 kprobe_lookup_name(kretprobe_blacklist[i].name, 1759 kretprobe_blacklist[i].addr); 1760 if (!kretprobe_blacklist[i].addr) 1761 printk("kretprobe: lookup failed: %s\n", 1762 kretprobe_blacklist[i].name); 1763 } 1764 } 1765 1766 #if defined(CONFIG_OPTPROBES) 1767 #if defined(__ARCH_WANT_KPROBES_INSN_SLOT) 1768 /* Init kprobe_optinsn_slots */ 1769 kprobe_optinsn_slots.insn_size = MAX_OPTINSN_SIZE; 1770 #endif 1771 /* By default, kprobes can be optimized */ 1772 kprobes_allow_optimization = true; 1773 #endif 1774 1775 /* By default, kprobes are armed */ 1776 kprobes_all_disarmed = false; 1777 1778 err = arch_init_kprobes(); 1779 if (!err) 1780 err = register_die_notifier(&kprobe_exceptions_nb); 1781 if (!err) 1782 err = register_module_notifier(&kprobe_module_nb); 1783 1784 kprobes_initialized = (err == 0); 1785 1786 if (!err) 1787 init_test_probes(); 1788 return err; 1789 } 1790 1791 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_FS 1792 static void __kprobes report_probe(struct seq_file *pi, struct kprobe *p, 1793 const char *sym, int offset, char *modname, struct kprobe *pp) 1794 { 1795 char *kprobe_type; 1796 1797 if (p->pre_handler == pre_handler_kretprobe) 1798 kprobe_type = "r"; 1799 else if (p->pre_handler == setjmp_pre_handler) 1800 kprobe_type = "j"; 1801 else 1802 kprobe_type = "k"; 1803 1804 if (sym) 1805 seq_printf(pi, "%p %s %s+0x%x %s ", 1806 p->addr, kprobe_type, sym, offset, 1807 (modname ? modname : " ")); 1808 else 1809 seq_printf(pi, "%p %s %p ", 1810 p->addr, kprobe_type, p->addr); 1811 1812 if (!pp) 1813 pp = p; 1814 seq_printf(pi, "%s%s%s\n", 1815 (kprobe_gone(p) ? "[GONE]" : ""), 1816 ((kprobe_disabled(p) && !kprobe_gone(p)) ? "[DISABLED]" : ""), 1817 (kprobe_optimized(pp) ? "[OPTIMIZED]" : "")); 1818 } 1819 1820 static void __kprobes *kprobe_seq_start(struct seq_file *f, loff_t *pos) 1821 { 1822 return (*pos < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE) ? pos : NULL; 1823 } 1824 1825 static void __kprobes *kprobe_seq_next(struct seq_file *f, void *v, loff_t *pos) 1826 { 1827 (*pos)++; 1828 if (*pos >= KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE) 1829 return NULL; 1830 return pos; 1831 } 1832 1833 static void __kprobes kprobe_seq_stop(struct seq_file *f, void *v) 1834 { 1835 /* Nothing to do */ 1836 } 1837 1838 static int __kprobes show_kprobe_addr(struct seq_file *pi, void *v) 1839 { 1840 struct hlist_head *head; 1841 struct hlist_node *node; 1842 struct kprobe *p, *kp; 1843 const char *sym = NULL; 1844 unsigned int i = *(loff_t *) v; 1845 unsigned long offset = 0; 1846 char *modname, namebuf[128]; 1847 1848 head = &kprobe_table[i]; 1849 preempt_disable(); 1850 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) { 1851 sym = kallsyms_lookup((unsigned long)p->addr, NULL, 1852 &offset, &modname, namebuf); 1853 if (kprobe_aggrprobe(p)) { 1854 list_for_each_entry_rcu(kp, &p->list, list) 1855 report_probe(pi, kp, sym, offset, modname, p); 1856 } else 1857 report_probe(pi, p, sym, offset, modname, NULL); 1858 } 1859 preempt_enable(); 1860 return 0; 1861 } 1862 1863 static const struct seq_operations kprobes_seq_ops = { 1864 .start = kprobe_seq_start, 1865 .next = kprobe_seq_next, 1866 .stop = kprobe_seq_stop, 1867 .show = show_kprobe_addr 1868 }; 1869 1870 static int __kprobes kprobes_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp) 1871 { 1872 return seq_open(filp, &kprobes_seq_ops); 1873 } 1874 1875 static const struct file_operations debugfs_kprobes_operations = { 1876 .open = kprobes_open, 1877 .read = seq_read, 1878 .llseek = seq_lseek, 1879 .release = seq_release, 1880 }; 1881 1882 static void __kprobes arm_all_kprobes(void) 1883 { 1884 struct hlist_head *head; 1885 struct hlist_node *node; 1886 struct kprobe *p; 1887 unsigned int i; 1888 1889 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1890 1891 /* If kprobes are armed, just return */ 1892 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed) 1893 goto already_enabled; 1894 1895 /* Arming kprobes doesn't optimize kprobe itself */ 1896 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 1897 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) { 1898 head = &kprobe_table[i]; 1899 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) 1900 if (!kprobe_disabled(p)) 1901 __arm_kprobe(p); 1902 } 1903 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 1904 1905 kprobes_all_disarmed = false; 1906 printk(KERN_INFO "Kprobes globally enabled\n"); 1907 1908 already_enabled: 1909 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1910 return; 1911 } 1912 1913 static void __kprobes disarm_all_kprobes(void) 1914 { 1915 struct hlist_head *head; 1916 struct hlist_node *node; 1917 struct kprobe *p; 1918 unsigned int i; 1919 1920 mutex_lock(&kprobe_mutex); 1921 1922 /* If kprobes are already disarmed, just return */ 1923 if (kprobes_all_disarmed) 1924 goto already_disabled; 1925 1926 kprobes_all_disarmed = true; 1927 printk(KERN_INFO "Kprobes globally disabled\n"); 1928 1929 /* 1930 * Here we call get_online_cpus() for avoiding text_mutex deadlock, 1931 * because disarming may also unoptimize kprobes. 1932 */ 1933 get_online_cpus(); 1934 mutex_lock(&text_mutex); 1935 for (i = 0; i < KPROBE_TABLE_SIZE; i++) { 1936 head = &kprobe_table[i]; 1937 hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(p, node, head, hlist) { 1938 if (!arch_trampoline_kprobe(p) && !kprobe_disabled(p)) 1939 __disarm_kprobe(p); 1940 } 1941 } 1942 1943 mutex_unlock(&text_mutex); 1944 put_online_cpus(); 1945 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1946 /* Allow all currently running kprobes to complete */ 1947 synchronize_sched(); 1948 return; 1949 1950 already_disabled: 1951 mutex_unlock(&kprobe_mutex); 1952 return; 1953 } 1954 1955 /* 1956 * XXX: The debugfs bool file interface doesn't allow for callbacks 1957 * when the bool state is switched. We can reuse that facility when 1958 * available 1959 */ 1960 static ssize_t read_enabled_file_bool(struct file *file, 1961 char __user *user_buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos) 1962 { 1963 char buf[3]; 1964 1965 if (!kprobes_all_disarmed) 1966 buf[0] = '1'; 1967 else 1968 buf[0] = '0'; 1969 buf[1] = '\n'; 1970 buf[2] = 0x00; 1971 return simple_read_from_buffer(user_buf, count, ppos, buf, 2); 1972 } 1973 1974 static ssize_t write_enabled_file_bool(struct file *file, 1975 const char __user *user_buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos) 1976 { 1977 char buf[32]; 1978 int buf_size; 1979 1980 buf_size = min(count, (sizeof(buf)-1)); 1981 if (copy_from_user(buf, user_buf, buf_size)) 1982 return -EFAULT; 1983 1984 switch (buf[0]) { 1985 case 'y': 1986 case 'Y': 1987 case '1': 1988 arm_all_kprobes(); 1989 break; 1990 case 'n': 1991 case 'N': 1992 case '0': 1993 disarm_all_kprobes(); 1994 break; 1995 } 1996 1997 return count; 1998 } 1999 2000 static const struct file_operations fops_kp = { 2001 .read = read_enabled_file_bool, 2002 .write = write_enabled_file_bool, 2003 .llseek = default_llseek, 2004 }; 2005 2006 static int __kprobes debugfs_kprobe_init(void) 2007 { 2008 struct dentry *dir, *file; 2009 unsigned int value = 1; 2010 2011 dir = debugfs_create_dir("kprobes", NULL); 2012 if (!dir) 2013 return -ENOMEM; 2014 2015 file = debugfs_create_file("list", 0444, dir, NULL, 2016 &debugfs_kprobes_operations); 2017 if (!file) { 2018 debugfs_remove(dir); 2019 return -ENOMEM; 2020 } 2021 2022 file = debugfs_create_file("enabled", 0600, dir, 2023 &value, &fops_kp); 2024 if (!file) { 2025 debugfs_remove(dir); 2026 return -ENOMEM; 2027 } 2028 2029 return 0; 2030 } 2031 2032 late_initcall(debugfs_kprobe_init); 2033 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_FS */ 2034 2035 module_init(init_kprobes); 2036 2037 /* defined in arch/.../kernel/kprobes.c */ 2038 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(jprobe_return); 2039