xref: /linux/kernel/kallsyms_selftest.c (revision c532de5a67a70f8533d495f8f2aaa9a0491c3ad0)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Test the function and performance of kallsyms
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., 2022
6  *
7  * Authors: Zhen Lei <thunder.leizhen@huawei.com> Huawei
8  */
9 
10 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "kallsyms_selftest: " fmt
11 
12 #include <linux/init.h>
13 #include <linux/module.h>
14 #include <linux/kallsyms.h>
15 #include <linux/random.h>
16 #include <linux/sched/clock.h>
17 #include <linux/kthread.h>
18 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
19 
20 #include "kallsyms_internal.h"
21 #include "kallsyms_selftest.h"
22 
23 
24 #define MAX_NUM_OF_RECORDS		64
25 
26 struct test_stat {
27 	int min;
28 	int max;
29 	int save_cnt;
30 	int real_cnt;
31 	int perf;
32 	u64 sum;
33 	char *name;
34 	unsigned long addr;
35 	unsigned long addrs[MAX_NUM_OF_RECORDS];
36 };
37 
38 struct test_item {
39 	char *name;
40 	unsigned long addr;
41 };
42 
43 #define ITEM_FUNC(s)				\
44 	{					\
45 		.name = #s,			\
46 		.addr = (unsigned long)s,	\
47 	}
48 
49 #define ITEM_DATA(s)				\
50 	{					\
51 		.name = #s,			\
52 		.addr = (unsigned long)&s,	\
53 	}
54 
55 
56 static int kallsyms_test_var_bss_static;
57 static int kallsyms_test_var_data_static = 1;
58 int kallsyms_test_var_bss;
59 int kallsyms_test_var_data = 1;
60 
61 static int kallsyms_test_func_static(void)
62 {
63 	kallsyms_test_var_bss_static++;
64 	kallsyms_test_var_data_static++;
65 
66 	return 0;
67 }
68 
69 int kallsyms_test_func(void)
70 {
71 	return kallsyms_test_func_static();
72 }
73 
74 __weak int kallsyms_test_func_weak(void)
75 {
76 	kallsyms_test_var_bss++;
77 	kallsyms_test_var_data++;
78 	return 0;
79 }
80 
81 static struct test_item test_items[] = {
82 	ITEM_FUNC(kallsyms_test_func_static),
83 	ITEM_FUNC(kallsyms_test_func),
84 	ITEM_FUNC(kallsyms_test_func_weak),
85 	ITEM_FUNC(vmalloc_noprof),
86 	ITEM_FUNC(vfree),
87 #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS_ALL
88 	ITEM_DATA(kallsyms_test_var_bss_static),
89 	ITEM_DATA(kallsyms_test_var_data_static),
90 	ITEM_DATA(kallsyms_test_var_bss),
91 	ITEM_DATA(kallsyms_test_var_data),
92 #endif
93 };
94 
95 static char stub_name[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
96 
97 static int stat_symbol_len(void *data, const char *name, unsigned long addr)
98 {
99 	*(u32 *)data += strlen(name);
100 
101 	return 0;
102 }
103 
104 static void test_kallsyms_compression_ratio(void)
105 {
106 	u32 pos, off, len, num;
107 	u32 ratio, total_size, total_len = 0;
108 
109 	kallsyms_on_each_symbol(stat_symbol_len, &total_len);
110 
111 	/*
112 	 * A symbol name cannot start with a number. This stub name helps us
113 	 * traverse the entire symbol table without finding a match. It's used
114 	 * for subsequent performance tests, and its length is the average
115 	 * length of all symbol names.
116 	 */
117 	memset(stub_name, '4', sizeof(stub_name));
118 	pos = total_len / kallsyms_num_syms;
119 	stub_name[pos] = 0;
120 
121 	pos = 0;
122 	num = 0;
123 	off = 0;
124 	while (pos < kallsyms_num_syms) {
125 		len = kallsyms_names[off];
126 		num++;
127 		off++;
128 		pos++;
129 		if ((len & 0x80) != 0) {
130 			len = (len & 0x7f) | (kallsyms_names[off] << 7);
131 			num++;
132 			off++;
133 		}
134 		off += len;
135 	}
136 
137 	/*
138 	 * 1. The length fields is not counted
139 	 * 2. The memory occupied by array kallsyms_token_table[] and
140 	 *    kallsyms_token_index[] needs to be counted.
141 	 */
142 	total_size = off - num;
143 	pos = kallsyms_token_index[0xff];
144 	total_size += pos + strlen(&kallsyms_token_table[pos]) + 1;
145 	total_size += 0x100 * sizeof(u16);
146 
147 	pr_info(" ---------------------------------------------------------\n");
148 	pr_info("| nr_symbols | compressed size | original size | ratio(%%) |\n");
149 	pr_info("|---------------------------------------------------------|\n");
150 	ratio = (u32)div_u64(10000ULL * total_size, total_len);
151 	pr_info("| %10d |    %10d   |   %10d  |  %2d.%-2d   |\n",
152 		kallsyms_num_syms, total_size, total_len, ratio / 100, ratio % 100);
153 	pr_info(" ---------------------------------------------------------\n");
154 }
155 
156 static int lookup_name(void *data, const char *name, unsigned long addr)
157 {
158 	u64 t0, t1, t;
159 	struct test_stat *stat = (struct test_stat *)data;
160 
161 	t0 = ktime_get_ns();
162 	(void)kallsyms_lookup_name(name);
163 	t1 = ktime_get_ns();
164 
165 	t = t1 - t0;
166 	if (t < stat->min)
167 		stat->min = t;
168 
169 	if (t > stat->max)
170 		stat->max = t;
171 
172 	stat->real_cnt++;
173 	stat->sum += t;
174 
175 	return 0;
176 }
177 
178 static void test_perf_kallsyms_lookup_name(void)
179 {
180 	struct test_stat stat;
181 
182 	memset(&stat, 0, sizeof(stat));
183 	stat.min = INT_MAX;
184 	kallsyms_on_each_symbol(lookup_name, &stat);
185 	pr_info("kallsyms_lookup_name() looked up %d symbols\n", stat.real_cnt);
186 	pr_info("The time spent on each symbol is (ns): min=%d, max=%d, avg=%lld\n",
187 		stat.min, stat.max, div_u64(stat.sum, stat.real_cnt));
188 }
189 
190 static int find_symbol(void *data, const char *name, unsigned long addr)
191 {
192 	struct test_stat *stat = (struct test_stat *)data;
193 
194 	if (!strcmp(name, stat->name)) {
195 		stat->real_cnt++;
196 		stat->addr = addr;
197 
198 		if (stat->save_cnt < MAX_NUM_OF_RECORDS) {
199 			stat->addrs[stat->save_cnt] = addr;
200 			stat->save_cnt++;
201 		}
202 
203 		if (stat->real_cnt == stat->max)
204 			return 1;
205 	}
206 
207 	return 0;
208 }
209 
210 static void test_perf_kallsyms_on_each_symbol(void)
211 {
212 	u64 t0, t1;
213 	struct test_stat stat;
214 
215 	memset(&stat, 0, sizeof(stat));
216 	stat.max = INT_MAX;
217 	stat.name = stub_name;
218 	stat.perf = 1;
219 	t0 = ktime_get_ns();
220 	kallsyms_on_each_symbol(find_symbol, &stat);
221 	t1 = ktime_get_ns();
222 	pr_info("kallsyms_on_each_symbol() traverse all: %lld ns\n", t1 - t0);
223 }
224 
225 static int match_symbol(void *data, unsigned long addr)
226 {
227 	struct test_stat *stat = (struct test_stat *)data;
228 
229 	stat->real_cnt++;
230 	stat->addr = addr;
231 
232 	if (stat->save_cnt < MAX_NUM_OF_RECORDS) {
233 		stat->addrs[stat->save_cnt] = addr;
234 		stat->save_cnt++;
235 	}
236 
237 	if (stat->real_cnt == stat->max)
238 		return 1;
239 
240 	return 0;
241 }
242 
243 static void test_perf_kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol(void)
244 {
245 	u64 t0, t1;
246 	struct test_stat stat;
247 
248 	memset(&stat, 0, sizeof(stat));
249 	stat.max = INT_MAX;
250 	stat.name = stub_name;
251 	t0 = ktime_get_ns();
252 	kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol(match_symbol, stat.name, &stat);
253 	t1 = ktime_get_ns();
254 	pr_info("kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol() traverse all: %lld ns\n", t1 - t0);
255 }
256 
257 static int test_kallsyms_basic_function(void)
258 {
259 	int i, j, ret;
260 	int next = 0, nr_failed = 0;
261 	char *prefix;
262 	unsigned short rand;
263 	unsigned long addr, lookup_addr;
264 	char namebuf[KSYM_NAME_LEN];
265 	struct test_stat *stat, *stat2;
266 
267 	stat = kmalloc(sizeof(*stat) * 2, GFP_KERNEL);
268 	if (!stat)
269 		return -ENOMEM;
270 	stat2 = stat + 1;
271 
272 	prefix = "kallsyms_lookup_name() for";
273 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test_items); i++) {
274 		addr = kallsyms_lookup_name(test_items[i].name);
275 		if (addr != test_items[i].addr) {
276 			nr_failed++;
277 			pr_info("%s %s failed: addr=%lx, expect %lx\n",
278 				prefix, test_items[i].name, addr, test_items[i].addr);
279 		}
280 	}
281 
282 	prefix = "kallsyms_on_each_symbol() for";
283 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test_items); i++) {
284 		memset(stat, 0, sizeof(*stat));
285 		stat->max = INT_MAX;
286 		stat->name = test_items[i].name;
287 		kallsyms_on_each_symbol(find_symbol, stat);
288 		if (stat->addr != test_items[i].addr || stat->real_cnt != 1) {
289 			nr_failed++;
290 			pr_info("%s %s failed: count=%d, addr=%lx, expect %lx\n",
291 				prefix, test_items[i].name,
292 				stat->real_cnt, stat->addr, test_items[i].addr);
293 		}
294 	}
295 
296 	prefix = "kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol() for";
297 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(test_items); i++) {
298 		memset(stat, 0, sizeof(*stat));
299 		stat->max = INT_MAX;
300 		stat->name = test_items[i].name;
301 		kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol(match_symbol, test_items[i].name, stat);
302 		if (stat->addr != test_items[i].addr || stat->real_cnt != 1) {
303 			nr_failed++;
304 			pr_info("%s %s failed: count=%d, addr=%lx, expect %lx\n",
305 				prefix, test_items[i].name,
306 				stat->real_cnt, stat->addr, test_items[i].addr);
307 		}
308 	}
309 
310 	if (nr_failed) {
311 		kfree(stat);
312 		return -ESRCH;
313 	}
314 
315 	for (i = 0; i < kallsyms_num_syms; i++) {
316 		addr = kallsyms_sym_address(i);
317 		if (!is_ksym_addr(addr))
318 			continue;
319 
320 		ret = lookup_symbol_name(addr, namebuf);
321 		if (unlikely(ret)) {
322 			namebuf[0] = 0;
323 			pr_info("%d: lookup_symbol_name(%lx) failed\n", i, addr);
324 			goto failed;
325 		}
326 
327 		lookup_addr = kallsyms_lookup_name(namebuf);
328 
329 		memset(stat, 0, sizeof(*stat));
330 		stat->max = INT_MAX;
331 		kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol(match_symbol, namebuf, stat);
332 
333 		/*
334 		 * kallsyms_on_each_symbol() is too slow, randomly select some
335 		 * symbols for test.
336 		 */
337 		if (i >= next) {
338 			memset(stat2, 0, sizeof(*stat2));
339 			stat2->max = INT_MAX;
340 			stat2->name = namebuf;
341 			kallsyms_on_each_symbol(find_symbol, stat2);
342 
343 			/*
344 			 * kallsyms_on_each_symbol() and kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol()
345 			 * need to get the same traversal result.
346 			 */
347 			if (stat->addr != stat2->addr ||
348 			    stat->real_cnt != stat2->real_cnt ||
349 			    memcmp(stat->addrs, stat2->addrs,
350 				   stat->save_cnt * sizeof(stat->addrs[0]))) {
351 				pr_info("%s: mismatch between kallsyms_on_each_symbol() and kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol()\n",
352 					namebuf);
353 				goto failed;
354 			}
355 
356 			/*
357 			 * The average of random increments is 128, that is, one of
358 			 * them is tested every 128 symbols.
359 			 */
360 			get_random_bytes(&rand, sizeof(rand));
361 			next = i + (rand & 0xff) + 1;
362 		}
363 
364 		/* Need to be found at least once */
365 		if (!stat->real_cnt) {
366 			pr_info("%s: Never found\n", namebuf);
367 			goto failed;
368 		}
369 
370 		/*
371 		 * kallsyms_lookup_name() returns the address of the first
372 		 * symbol found and cannot be NULL.
373 		 */
374 		if (!lookup_addr) {
375 			pr_info("%s: NULL lookup_addr?!\n", namebuf);
376 			goto failed;
377 		}
378 		if (lookup_addr != stat->addrs[0]) {
379 			pr_info("%s: lookup_addr != stat->addrs[0]\n", namebuf);
380 			goto failed;
381 		}
382 
383 		/*
384 		 * If the addresses of all matching symbols are recorded, the
385 		 * target address needs to be exist.
386 		 */
387 		if (stat->real_cnt <= MAX_NUM_OF_RECORDS) {
388 			for (j = 0; j < stat->save_cnt; j++) {
389 				if (stat->addrs[j] == addr)
390 					break;
391 			}
392 
393 			if (j == stat->save_cnt) {
394 				pr_info("%s: j == save_cnt?!\n", namebuf);
395 				goto failed;
396 			}
397 		}
398 	}
399 
400 	kfree(stat);
401 
402 	return 0;
403 
404 failed:
405 	pr_info("Test for %dth symbol failed: (%s) addr=%lx", i, namebuf, addr);
406 	kfree(stat);
407 	return -ESRCH;
408 }
409 
410 static int test_entry(void *p)
411 {
412 	int ret;
413 
414 	do {
415 		schedule_timeout(5 * HZ);
416 	} while (system_state != SYSTEM_RUNNING);
417 
418 	pr_info("start\n");
419 	ret = test_kallsyms_basic_function();
420 	if (ret) {
421 		pr_info("abort\n");
422 		return 0;
423 	}
424 
425 	test_kallsyms_compression_ratio();
426 	test_perf_kallsyms_lookup_name();
427 	test_perf_kallsyms_on_each_symbol();
428 	test_perf_kallsyms_on_each_match_symbol();
429 	pr_info("finish\n");
430 
431 	return 0;
432 }
433 
434 static int __init kallsyms_test_init(void)
435 {
436 	struct task_struct *t;
437 
438 	t = kthread_create(test_entry, NULL, "kallsyms_test");
439 	if (IS_ERR(t)) {
440 		pr_info("Create kallsyms selftest task failed\n");
441 		return PTR_ERR(t);
442 	}
443 	kthread_bind(t, 0);
444 	wake_up_process(t);
445 
446 	return 0;
447 }
448 late_initcall(kallsyms_test_init);
449