xref: /linux/kernel/futex/futex.h (revision cbe0e415089636170aa6eb540ca4af5dc9842a60)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _FUTEX_H
3 #define _FUTEX_H
4 
5 #include <linux/futex.h>
6 #include <linux/rtmutex.h>
7 #include <linux/sched/wake_q.h>
8 #include <linux/compat.h>
9 
10 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
11 #include <linux/rcuwait.h>
12 #endif
13 
14 #include <asm/futex.h>
15 
16 /*
17  * Futex flags used to encode options to functions and preserve them across
18  * restarts.
19  */
20 #define FLAGS_SIZE_8		0x0000
21 #define FLAGS_SIZE_16		0x0001
22 #define FLAGS_SIZE_32		0x0002
23 #define FLAGS_SIZE_64		0x0003
24 
25 #define FLAGS_SIZE_MASK		0x0003
26 
27 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
28 # define FLAGS_SHARED		0x0010
29 #else
30 /*
31  * NOMMU does not have per process address space. Let the compiler optimize
32  * code away.
33  */
34 # define FLAGS_SHARED		0x0000
35 #endif
36 #define FLAGS_CLOCKRT		0x0020
37 #define FLAGS_HAS_TIMEOUT	0x0040
38 #define FLAGS_NUMA		0x0080
39 #define FLAGS_STRICT		0x0100
40 
41 /* FUTEX_ to FLAGS_ */
42 static inline unsigned int futex_to_flags(unsigned int op)
43 {
44 	unsigned int flags = FLAGS_SIZE_32;
45 
46 	if (!(op & FUTEX_PRIVATE_FLAG))
47 		flags |= FLAGS_SHARED;
48 
49 	if (op & FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME)
50 		flags |= FLAGS_CLOCKRT;
51 
52 	return flags;
53 }
54 
55 #define FUTEX2_VALID_MASK (FUTEX2_SIZE_MASK | FUTEX2_PRIVATE)
56 
57 /* FUTEX2_ to FLAGS_ */
58 static inline unsigned int futex2_to_flags(unsigned int flags2)
59 {
60 	unsigned int flags = flags2 & FUTEX2_SIZE_MASK;
61 
62 	if (!(flags2 & FUTEX2_PRIVATE))
63 		flags |= FLAGS_SHARED;
64 
65 	if (flags2 & FUTEX2_NUMA)
66 		flags |= FLAGS_NUMA;
67 
68 	return flags;
69 }
70 
71 static inline unsigned int futex_size(unsigned int flags)
72 {
73 	return 1 << (flags & FLAGS_SIZE_MASK);
74 }
75 
76 static inline bool futex_flags_valid(unsigned int flags)
77 {
78 	/* Only 64bit futexes for 64bit code */
79 	if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) || in_compat_syscall()) {
80 		if ((flags & FLAGS_SIZE_MASK) == FLAGS_SIZE_64)
81 			return false;
82 	}
83 
84 	/* Only 32bit futexes are implemented -- for now */
85 	if ((flags & FLAGS_SIZE_MASK) != FLAGS_SIZE_32)
86 		return false;
87 
88 	return true;
89 }
90 
91 static inline bool futex_validate_input(unsigned int flags, u64 val)
92 {
93 	int bits = 8 * futex_size(flags);
94 
95 	if (bits < 64 && (val >> bits))
96 		return false;
97 
98 	return true;
99 }
100 
101 #ifdef CONFIG_FAIL_FUTEX
102 extern bool should_fail_futex(bool fshared);
103 #else
104 static inline bool should_fail_futex(bool fshared)
105 {
106 	return false;
107 }
108 #endif
109 
110 /*
111  * Hash buckets are shared by all the futex_keys that hash to the same
112  * location.  Each key may have multiple futex_q structures, one for each task
113  * waiting on a futex.
114  */
115 struct futex_hash_bucket {
116 	atomic_t waiters;
117 	spinlock_t lock;
118 	struct plist_head chain;
119 } ____cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
120 
121 /*
122  * Priority Inheritance state:
123  */
124 struct futex_pi_state {
125 	/*
126 	 * list of 'owned' pi_state instances - these have to be
127 	 * cleaned up in do_exit() if the task exits prematurely:
128 	 */
129 	struct list_head list;
130 
131 	/*
132 	 * The PI object:
133 	 */
134 	struct rt_mutex_base pi_mutex;
135 
136 	struct task_struct *owner;
137 	refcount_t refcount;
138 
139 	union futex_key key;
140 } __randomize_layout;
141 
142 struct futex_q;
143 typedef void (futex_wake_fn)(struct wake_q_head *wake_q, struct futex_q *q);
144 
145 /**
146  * struct futex_q - The hashed futex queue entry, one per waiting task
147  * @list:		priority-sorted list of tasks waiting on this futex
148  * @task:		the task waiting on the futex
149  * @lock_ptr:		the hash bucket lock
150  * @wake:		the wake handler for this queue
151  * @wake_data:		data associated with the wake handler
152  * @key:		the key the futex is hashed on
153  * @pi_state:		optional priority inheritance state
154  * @rt_waiter:		rt_waiter storage for use with requeue_pi
155  * @requeue_pi_key:	the requeue_pi target futex key
156  * @bitset:		bitset for the optional bitmasked wakeup
157  * @requeue_state:	State field for futex_requeue_pi()
158  * @requeue_wait:	RCU wait for futex_requeue_pi() (RT only)
159  *
160  * We use this hashed waitqueue, instead of a normal wait_queue_entry_t, so
161  * we can wake only the relevant ones (hashed queues may be shared).
162  *
163  * A futex_q has a woken state, just like tasks have TASK_RUNNING.
164  * It is considered woken when plist_node_empty(&q->list) || q->lock_ptr == 0.
165  * The order of wakeup is always to make the first condition true, then
166  * the second.
167  *
168  * PI futexes are typically woken before they are removed from the hash list via
169  * the rt_mutex code. See futex_unqueue_pi().
170  */
171 struct futex_q {
172 	struct plist_node list;
173 
174 	struct task_struct *task;
175 	spinlock_t *lock_ptr;
176 	futex_wake_fn *wake;
177 	void *wake_data;
178 	union futex_key key;
179 	struct futex_pi_state *pi_state;
180 	struct rt_mutex_waiter *rt_waiter;
181 	union futex_key *requeue_pi_key;
182 	u32 bitset;
183 	atomic_t requeue_state;
184 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_RT
185 	struct rcuwait requeue_wait;
186 #endif
187 } __randomize_layout;
188 
189 extern const struct futex_q futex_q_init;
190 
191 enum futex_access {
192 	FUTEX_READ,
193 	FUTEX_WRITE
194 };
195 
196 extern int get_futex_key(u32 __user *uaddr, unsigned int flags, union futex_key *key,
197 			 enum futex_access rw);
198 
199 extern struct hrtimer_sleeper *
200 futex_setup_timer(ktime_t *time, struct hrtimer_sleeper *timeout,
201 		  int flags, u64 range_ns);
202 
203 extern struct futex_hash_bucket *futex_hash(union futex_key *key);
204 
205 /**
206  * futex_match - Check whether two futex keys are equal
207  * @key1:	Pointer to key1
208  * @key2:	Pointer to key2
209  *
210  * Return 1 if two futex_keys are equal, 0 otherwise.
211  */
212 static inline int futex_match(union futex_key *key1, union futex_key *key2)
213 {
214 	return (key1 && key2
215 		&& key1->both.word == key2->both.word
216 		&& key1->both.ptr == key2->both.ptr
217 		&& key1->both.offset == key2->both.offset);
218 }
219 
220 extern int futex_wait_setup(u32 __user *uaddr, u32 val, unsigned int flags,
221 			    struct futex_q *q, struct futex_hash_bucket **hb);
222 extern void futex_wait_queue(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb, struct futex_q *q,
223 				   struct hrtimer_sleeper *timeout);
224 extern bool __futex_wake_mark(struct futex_q *q);
225 extern void futex_wake_mark(struct wake_q_head *wake_q, struct futex_q *q);
226 
227 extern int fault_in_user_writeable(u32 __user *uaddr);
228 extern int futex_cmpxchg_value_locked(u32 *curval, u32 __user *uaddr, u32 uval, u32 newval);
229 extern int futex_get_value_locked(u32 *dest, u32 __user *from);
230 extern struct futex_q *futex_top_waiter(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb, union futex_key *key);
231 
232 extern void __futex_unqueue(struct futex_q *q);
233 extern void __futex_queue(struct futex_q *q, struct futex_hash_bucket *hb);
234 extern int futex_unqueue(struct futex_q *q);
235 
236 /**
237  * futex_queue() - Enqueue the futex_q on the futex_hash_bucket
238  * @q:	The futex_q to enqueue
239  * @hb:	The destination hash bucket
240  *
241  * The hb->lock must be held by the caller, and is released here. A call to
242  * futex_queue() is typically paired with exactly one call to futex_unqueue().  The
243  * exceptions involve the PI related operations, which may use futex_unqueue_pi()
244  * or nothing if the unqueue is done as part of the wake process and the unqueue
245  * state is implicit in the state of woken task (see futex_wait_requeue_pi() for
246  * an example).
247  */
248 static inline void futex_queue(struct futex_q *q, struct futex_hash_bucket *hb)
249 	__releases(&hb->lock)
250 {
251 	__futex_queue(q, hb);
252 	spin_unlock(&hb->lock);
253 }
254 
255 extern void futex_unqueue_pi(struct futex_q *q);
256 
257 extern void wait_for_owner_exiting(int ret, struct task_struct *exiting);
258 
259 /*
260  * Reflects a new waiter being added to the waitqueue.
261  */
262 static inline void futex_hb_waiters_inc(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb)
263 {
264 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
265 	atomic_inc(&hb->waiters);
266 	/*
267 	 * Full barrier (A), see the ordering comment above.
268 	 */
269 	smp_mb__after_atomic();
270 #endif
271 }
272 
273 /*
274  * Reflects a waiter being removed from the waitqueue by wakeup
275  * paths.
276  */
277 static inline void futex_hb_waiters_dec(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb)
278 {
279 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
280 	atomic_dec(&hb->waiters);
281 #endif
282 }
283 
284 static inline int futex_hb_waiters_pending(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb)
285 {
286 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
287 	/*
288 	 * Full barrier (B), see the ordering comment above.
289 	 */
290 	smp_mb();
291 	return atomic_read(&hb->waiters);
292 #else
293 	return 1;
294 #endif
295 }
296 
297 extern struct futex_hash_bucket *futex_q_lock(struct futex_q *q);
298 extern void futex_q_unlock(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb);
299 
300 
301 extern int futex_lock_pi_atomic(u32 __user *uaddr, struct futex_hash_bucket *hb,
302 				union futex_key *key,
303 				struct futex_pi_state **ps,
304 				struct task_struct *task,
305 				struct task_struct **exiting,
306 				int set_waiters);
307 
308 extern int refill_pi_state_cache(void);
309 extern void get_pi_state(struct futex_pi_state *pi_state);
310 extern void put_pi_state(struct futex_pi_state *pi_state);
311 extern int fixup_pi_owner(u32 __user *uaddr, struct futex_q *q, int locked);
312 
313 /*
314  * Express the locking dependencies for lockdep:
315  */
316 static inline void
317 double_lock_hb(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb1, struct futex_hash_bucket *hb2)
318 {
319 	if (hb1 > hb2)
320 		swap(hb1, hb2);
321 
322 	spin_lock(&hb1->lock);
323 	if (hb1 != hb2)
324 		spin_lock_nested(&hb2->lock, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
325 }
326 
327 static inline void
328 double_unlock_hb(struct futex_hash_bucket *hb1, struct futex_hash_bucket *hb2)
329 {
330 	spin_unlock(&hb1->lock);
331 	if (hb1 != hb2)
332 		spin_unlock(&hb2->lock);
333 }
334 
335 /* syscalls */
336 
337 extern int futex_wait_requeue_pi(u32 __user *uaddr, unsigned int flags, u32
338 				 val, ktime_t *abs_time, u32 bitset, u32 __user
339 				 *uaddr2);
340 
341 extern int futex_requeue(u32 __user *uaddr1, unsigned int flags1,
342 			 u32 __user *uaddr2, unsigned int flags2,
343 			 int nr_wake, int nr_requeue,
344 			 u32 *cmpval, int requeue_pi);
345 
346 extern int __futex_wait(u32 __user *uaddr, unsigned int flags, u32 val,
347 			struct hrtimer_sleeper *to, u32 bitset);
348 
349 extern int futex_wait(u32 __user *uaddr, unsigned int flags, u32 val,
350 		      ktime_t *abs_time, u32 bitset);
351 
352 /**
353  * struct futex_vector - Auxiliary struct for futex_waitv()
354  * @w: Userspace provided data
355  * @q: Kernel side data
356  *
357  * Struct used to build an array with all data need for futex_waitv()
358  */
359 struct futex_vector {
360 	struct futex_waitv w;
361 	struct futex_q q;
362 };
363 
364 extern int futex_parse_waitv(struct futex_vector *futexv,
365 			     struct futex_waitv __user *uwaitv,
366 			     unsigned int nr_futexes, futex_wake_fn *wake,
367 			     void *wake_data);
368 
369 extern int futex_wait_multiple_setup(struct futex_vector *vs, int count,
370 				     int *woken);
371 
372 extern int futex_unqueue_multiple(struct futex_vector *v, int count);
373 
374 extern int futex_wait_multiple(struct futex_vector *vs, unsigned int count,
375 			       struct hrtimer_sleeper *to);
376 
377 extern int futex_wake(u32 __user *uaddr, unsigned int flags, int nr_wake, u32 bitset);
378 
379 extern int futex_wake_op(u32 __user *uaddr1, unsigned int flags,
380 			 u32 __user *uaddr2, int nr_wake, int nr_wake2, int op);
381 
382 extern int futex_unlock_pi(u32 __user *uaddr, unsigned int flags);
383 
384 extern int futex_lock_pi(u32 __user *uaddr, unsigned int flags, ktime_t *time, int trylock);
385 
386 #endif /* _FUTEX_H */
387