xref: /linux/kernel/fork.c (revision 4aad8f51d0672f1c95e2cf0e1bc7b9ab42d8e1ea)
1 /*
2  *  linux/kernel/fork.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
5  */
6 
7 /*
8  *  'fork.c' contains the help-routines for the 'fork' system call
9  * (see also entry.S and others).
10  * Fork is rather simple, once you get the hang of it, but the memory
11  * management can be a bitch. See 'mm/memory.c': 'copy_page_range()'
12  */
13 
14 #include <linux/slab.h>
15 #include <linux/init.h>
16 #include <linux/unistd.h>
17 #include <linux/module.h>
18 #include <linux/vmalloc.h>
19 #include <linux/completion.h>
20 #include <linux/personality.h>
21 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
22 #include <linux/sem.h>
23 #include <linux/file.h>
24 #include <linux/fdtable.h>
25 #include <linux/iocontext.h>
26 #include <linux/key.h>
27 #include <linux/binfmts.h>
28 #include <linux/mman.h>
29 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
30 #include <linux/fs.h>
31 #include <linux/nsproxy.h>
32 #include <linux/capability.h>
33 #include <linux/cpu.h>
34 #include <linux/cgroup.h>
35 #include <linux/security.h>
36 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
37 #include <linux/swap.h>
38 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
39 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
40 #include <linux/tracehook.h>
41 #include <linux/futex.h>
42 #include <linux/compat.h>
43 #include <linux/task_io_accounting_ops.h>
44 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
45 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
46 #include <linux/mount.h>
47 #include <linux/audit.h>
48 #include <linux/memcontrol.h>
49 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
50 #include <linux/profile.h>
51 #include <linux/rmap.h>
52 #include <linux/ksm.h>
53 #include <linux/acct.h>
54 #include <linux/tsacct_kern.h>
55 #include <linux/cn_proc.h>
56 #include <linux/freezer.h>
57 #include <linux/delayacct.h>
58 #include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
59 #include <linux/random.h>
60 #include <linux/tty.h>
61 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
62 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
63 #include <linux/fs_struct.h>
64 #include <linux/magic.h>
65 #include <linux/perf_event.h>
66 #include <linux/posix-timers.h>
67 #include <linux/user-return-notifier.h>
68 #include <linux/oom.h>
69 
70 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
71 #include <asm/pgalloc.h>
72 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
73 #include <asm/mmu_context.h>
74 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
75 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
76 
77 #include <trace/events/sched.h>
78 
79 /*
80  * Protected counters by write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock)
81  */
82 unsigned long total_forks;	/* Handle normal Linux uptimes. */
83 int nr_threads; 		/* The idle threads do not count.. */
84 
85 int max_threads;		/* tunable limit on nr_threads */
86 
87 DEFINE_PER_CPU(unsigned long, process_counts) = 0;
88 
89 __cacheline_aligned DEFINE_RWLOCK(tasklist_lock);  /* outer */
90 
91 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU
92 int lockdep_tasklist_lock_is_held(void)
93 {
94 	return lockdep_is_held(&tasklist_lock);
95 }
96 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(lockdep_tasklist_lock_is_held);
97 #endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_RCU */
98 
99 int nr_processes(void)
100 {
101 	int cpu;
102 	int total = 0;
103 
104 	for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
105 		total += per_cpu(process_counts, cpu);
106 
107 	return total;
108 }
109 
110 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
111 # define alloc_task_struct()	kmem_cache_alloc(task_struct_cachep, GFP_KERNEL)
112 # define free_task_struct(tsk)	kmem_cache_free(task_struct_cachep, (tsk))
113 static struct kmem_cache *task_struct_cachep;
114 #endif
115 
116 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_THREAD_INFO_ALLOCATOR
117 static inline struct thread_info *alloc_thread_info(struct task_struct *tsk)
118 {
119 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_STACK_USAGE
120 	gfp_t mask = GFP_KERNEL | __GFP_ZERO;
121 #else
122 	gfp_t mask = GFP_KERNEL;
123 #endif
124 	return (struct thread_info *)__get_free_pages(mask, THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
125 }
126 
127 static inline void free_thread_info(struct thread_info *ti)
128 {
129 	free_pages((unsigned long)ti, THREAD_SIZE_ORDER);
130 }
131 #endif
132 
133 /* SLAB cache for signal_struct structures (tsk->signal) */
134 static struct kmem_cache *signal_cachep;
135 
136 /* SLAB cache for sighand_struct structures (tsk->sighand) */
137 struct kmem_cache *sighand_cachep;
138 
139 /* SLAB cache for files_struct structures (tsk->files) */
140 struct kmem_cache *files_cachep;
141 
142 /* SLAB cache for fs_struct structures (tsk->fs) */
143 struct kmem_cache *fs_cachep;
144 
145 /* SLAB cache for vm_area_struct structures */
146 struct kmem_cache *vm_area_cachep;
147 
148 /* SLAB cache for mm_struct structures (tsk->mm) */
149 static struct kmem_cache *mm_cachep;
150 
151 static void account_kernel_stack(struct thread_info *ti, int account)
152 {
153 	struct zone *zone = page_zone(virt_to_page(ti));
154 
155 	mod_zone_page_state(zone, NR_KERNEL_STACK, account);
156 }
157 
158 void free_task(struct task_struct *tsk)
159 {
160 	prop_local_destroy_single(&tsk->dirties);
161 	account_kernel_stack(tsk->stack, -1);
162 	free_thread_info(tsk->stack);
163 	rt_mutex_debug_task_free(tsk);
164 	ftrace_graph_exit_task(tsk);
165 	free_task_struct(tsk);
166 }
167 EXPORT_SYMBOL(free_task);
168 
169 static inline void free_signal_struct(struct signal_struct *sig)
170 {
171 	taskstats_tgid_free(sig);
172 	kmem_cache_free(signal_cachep, sig);
173 }
174 
175 static inline void put_signal_struct(struct signal_struct *sig)
176 {
177 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sig->sigcnt))
178 		free_signal_struct(sig);
179 }
180 
181 void __put_task_struct(struct task_struct *tsk)
182 {
183 	WARN_ON(!tsk->exit_state);
184 	WARN_ON(atomic_read(&tsk->usage));
185 	WARN_ON(tsk == current);
186 
187 	exit_creds(tsk);
188 	delayacct_tsk_free(tsk);
189 	put_signal_struct(tsk->signal);
190 
191 	if (!profile_handoff_task(tsk))
192 		free_task(tsk);
193 }
194 
195 /*
196  * macro override instead of weak attribute alias, to workaround
197  * gcc 4.1.0 and 4.1.1 bugs with weak attribute and empty functions.
198  */
199 #ifndef arch_task_cache_init
200 #define arch_task_cache_init()
201 #endif
202 
203 void __init fork_init(unsigned long mempages)
204 {
205 #ifndef __HAVE_ARCH_TASK_STRUCT_ALLOCATOR
206 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN
207 #define ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN	L1_CACHE_BYTES
208 #endif
209 	/* create a slab on which task_structs can be allocated */
210 	task_struct_cachep =
211 		kmem_cache_create("task_struct", sizeof(struct task_struct),
212 			ARCH_MIN_TASKALIGN, SLAB_PANIC | SLAB_NOTRACK, NULL);
213 #endif
214 
215 	/* do the arch specific task caches init */
216 	arch_task_cache_init();
217 
218 	/*
219 	 * The default maximum number of threads is set to a safe
220 	 * value: the thread structures can take up at most half
221 	 * of memory.
222 	 */
223 	max_threads = mempages / (8 * THREAD_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
224 
225 	/*
226 	 * we need to allow at least 20 threads to boot a system
227 	 */
228 	if(max_threads < 20)
229 		max_threads = 20;
230 
231 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = max_threads/2;
232 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = max_threads/2;
233 	init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_SIGPENDING] =
234 		init_task.signal->rlim[RLIMIT_NPROC];
235 }
236 
237 int __attribute__((weak)) arch_dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *dst,
238 					       struct task_struct *src)
239 {
240 	*dst = *src;
241 	return 0;
242 }
243 
244 static struct task_struct *dup_task_struct(struct task_struct *orig)
245 {
246 	struct task_struct *tsk;
247 	struct thread_info *ti;
248 	unsigned long *stackend;
249 
250 	int err;
251 
252 	prepare_to_copy(orig);
253 
254 	tsk = alloc_task_struct();
255 	if (!tsk)
256 		return NULL;
257 
258 	ti = alloc_thread_info(tsk);
259 	if (!ti) {
260 		free_task_struct(tsk);
261 		return NULL;
262 	}
263 
264  	err = arch_dup_task_struct(tsk, orig);
265 	if (err)
266 		goto out;
267 
268 	tsk->stack = ti;
269 
270 	err = prop_local_init_single(&tsk->dirties);
271 	if (err)
272 		goto out;
273 
274 	setup_thread_stack(tsk, orig);
275 	clear_user_return_notifier(tsk);
276 	stackend = end_of_stack(tsk);
277 	*stackend = STACK_END_MAGIC;	/* for overflow detection */
278 
279 #ifdef CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR
280 	tsk->stack_canary = get_random_int();
281 #endif
282 
283 	/* One for us, one for whoever does the "release_task()" (usually parent) */
284 	atomic_set(&tsk->usage,2);
285 	atomic_set(&tsk->fs_excl, 0);
286 #ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_IO_TRACE
287 	tsk->btrace_seq = 0;
288 #endif
289 	tsk->splice_pipe = NULL;
290 
291 	account_kernel_stack(ti, 1);
292 
293 	return tsk;
294 
295 out:
296 	free_thread_info(ti);
297 	free_task_struct(tsk);
298 	return NULL;
299 }
300 
301 #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
302 static int dup_mmap(struct mm_struct *mm, struct mm_struct *oldmm)
303 {
304 	struct vm_area_struct *mpnt, *tmp, *prev, **pprev;
305 	struct rb_node **rb_link, *rb_parent;
306 	int retval;
307 	unsigned long charge;
308 	struct mempolicy *pol;
309 
310 	down_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
311 	flush_cache_dup_mm(oldmm);
312 	/*
313 	 * Not linked in yet - no deadlock potential:
314 	 */
315 	down_write_nested(&mm->mmap_sem, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
316 
317 	mm->locked_vm = 0;
318 	mm->mmap = NULL;
319 	mm->mmap_cache = NULL;
320 	mm->free_area_cache = oldmm->mmap_base;
321 	mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
322 	mm->map_count = 0;
323 	cpumask_clear(mm_cpumask(mm));
324 	mm->mm_rb = RB_ROOT;
325 	rb_link = &mm->mm_rb.rb_node;
326 	rb_parent = NULL;
327 	pprev = &mm->mmap;
328 	retval = ksm_fork(mm, oldmm);
329 	if (retval)
330 		goto out;
331 
332 	prev = NULL;
333 	for (mpnt = oldmm->mmap; mpnt; mpnt = mpnt->vm_next) {
334 		struct file *file;
335 
336 		if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_DONTCOPY) {
337 			long pages = vma_pages(mpnt);
338 			mm->total_vm -= pages;
339 			vm_stat_account(mm, mpnt->vm_flags, mpnt->vm_file,
340 								-pages);
341 			continue;
342 		}
343 		charge = 0;
344 		if (mpnt->vm_flags & VM_ACCOUNT) {
345 			unsigned int len = (mpnt->vm_end - mpnt->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
346 			if (security_vm_enough_memory(len))
347 				goto fail_nomem;
348 			charge = len;
349 		}
350 		tmp = kmem_cache_alloc(vm_area_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
351 		if (!tmp)
352 			goto fail_nomem;
353 		*tmp = *mpnt;
354 		INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tmp->anon_vma_chain);
355 		pol = mpol_dup(vma_policy(mpnt));
356 		retval = PTR_ERR(pol);
357 		if (IS_ERR(pol))
358 			goto fail_nomem_policy;
359 		vma_set_policy(tmp, pol);
360 		tmp->vm_mm = mm;
361 		if (anon_vma_fork(tmp, mpnt))
362 			goto fail_nomem_anon_vma_fork;
363 		tmp->vm_flags &= ~VM_LOCKED;
364 		tmp->vm_next = tmp->vm_prev = NULL;
365 		file = tmp->vm_file;
366 		if (file) {
367 			struct inode *inode = file->f_path.dentry->d_inode;
368 			struct address_space *mapping = file->f_mapping;
369 
370 			get_file(file);
371 			if (tmp->vm_flags & VM_DENYWRITE)
372 				atomic_dec(&inode->i_writecount);
373 			spin_lock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
374 			if (tmp->vm_flags & VM_SHARED)
375 				mapping->i_mmap_writable++;
376 			tmp->vm_truncate_count = mpnt->vm_truncate_count;
377 			flush_dcache_mmap_lock(mapping);
378 			/* insert tmp into the share list, just after mpnt */
379 			vma_prio_tree_add(tmp, mpnt);
380 			flush_dcache_mmap_unlock(mapping);
381 			spin_unlock(&mapping->i_mmap_lock);
382 		}
383 
384 		/*
385 		 * Clear hugetlb-related page reserves for children. This only
386 		 * affects MAP_PRIVATE mappings. Faults generated by the child
387 		 * are not guaranteed to succeed, even if read-only
388 		 */
389 		if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(tmp))
390 			reset_vma_resv_huge_pages(tmp);
391 
392 		/*
393 		 * Link in the new vma and copy the page table entries.
394 		 */
395 		*pprev = tmp;
396 		pprev = &tmp->vm_next;
397 		tmp->vm_prev = prev;
398 		prev = tmp;
399 
400 		__vma_link_rb(mm, tmp, rb_link, rb_parent);
401 		rb_link = &tmp->vm_rb.rb_right;
402 		rb_parent = &tmp->vm_rb;
403 
404 		mm->map_count++;
405 		retval = copy_page_range(mm, oldmm, mpnt);
406 
407 		if (tmp->vm_ops && tmp->vm_ops->open)
408 			tmp->vm_ops->open(tmp);
409 
410 		if (retval)
411 			goto out;
412 	}
413 	/* a new mm has just been created */
414 	arch_dup_mmap(oldmm, mm);
415 	retval = 0;
416 out:
417 	up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
418 	flush_tlb_mm(oldmm);
419 	up_write(&oldmm->mmap_sem);
420 	return retval;
421 fail_nomem_anon_vma_fork:
422 	mpol_put(pol);
423 fail_nomem_policy:
424 	kmem_cache_free(vm_area_cachep, tmp);
425 fail_nomem:
426 	retval = -ENOMEM;
427 	vm_unacct_memory(charge);
428 	goto out;
429 }
430 
431 static inline int mm_alloc_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
432 {
433 	mm->pgd = pgd_alloc(mm);
434 	if (unlikely(!mm->pgd))
435 		return -ENOMEM;
436 	return 0;
437 }
438 
439 static inline void mm_free_pgd(struct mm_struct * mm)
440 {
441 	pgd_free(mm, mm->pgd);
442 }
443 #else
444 #define dup_mmap(mm, oldmm)	(0)
445 #define mm_alloc_pgd(mm)	(0)
446 #define mm_free_pgd(mm)
447 #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
448 
449 __cacheline_aligned_in_smp DEFINE_SPINLOCK(mmlist_lock);
450 
451 #define allocate_mm()	(kmem_cache_alloc(mm_cachep, GFP_KERNEL))
452 #define free_mm(mm)	(kmem_cache_free(mm_cachep, (mm)))
453 
454 static unsigned long default_dump_filter = MMF_DUMP_FILTER_DEFAULT;
455 
456 static int __init coredump_filter_setup(char *s)
457 {
458 	default_dump_filter =
459 		(simple_strtoul(s, NULL, 0) << MMF_DUMP_FILTER_SHIFT) &
460 		MMF_DUMP_FILTER_MASK;
461 	return 1;
462 }
463 
464 __setup("coredump_filter=", coredump_filter_setup);
465 
466 #include <linux/init_task.h>
467 
468 static void mm_init_aio(struct mm_struct *mm)
469 {
470 #ifdef CONFIG_AIO
471 	spin_lock_init(&mm->ioctx_lock);
472 	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&mm->ioctx_list);
473 #endif
474 }
475 
476 static struct mm_struct * mm_init(struct mm_struct * mm, struct task_struct *p)
477 {
478 	atomic_set(&mm->mm_users, 1);
479 	atomic_set(&mm->mm_count, 1);
480 	init_rwsem(&mm->mmap_sem);
481 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&mm->mmlist);
482 	mm->flags = (current->mm) ?
483 		(current->mm->flags & MMF_INIT_MASK) : default_dump_filter;
484 	mm->core_state = NULL;
485 	mm->nr_ptes = 0;
486 	memset(&mm->rss_stat, 0, sizeof(mm->rss_stat));
487 	spin_lock_init(&mm->page_table_lock);
488 	mm->free_area_cache = TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE;
489 	mm->cached_hole_size = ~0UL;
490 	mm_init_aio(mm);
491 	mm_init_owner(mm, p);
492 	atomic_set(&mm->oom_disable_count, 0);
493 
494 	if (likely(!mm_alloc_pgd(mm))) {
495 		mm->def_flags = 0;
496 		mmu_notifier_mm_init(mm);
497 		return mm;
498 	}
499 
500 	free_mm(mm);
501 	return NULL;
502 }
503 
504 /*
505  * Allocate and initialize an mm_struct.
506  */
507 struct mm_struct * mm_alloc(void)
508 {
509 	struct mm_struct * mm;
510 
511 	mm = allocate_mm();
512 	if (mm) {
513 		memset(mm, 0, sizeof(*mm));
514 		mm = mm_init(mm, current);
515 	}
516 	return mm;
517 }
518 
519 /*
520  * Called when the last reference to the mm
521  * is dropped: either by a lazy thread or by
522  * mmput. Free the page directory and the mm.
523  */
524 void __mmdrop(struct mm_struct *mm)
525 {
526 	BUG_ON(mm == &init_mm);
527 	mm_free_pgd(mm);
528 	destroy_context(mm);
529 	mmu_notifier_mm_destroy(mm);
530 	free_mm(mm);
531 }
532 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mmdrop);
533 
534 /*
535  * Decrement the use count and release all resources for an mm.
536  */
537 void mmput(struct mm_struct *mm)
538 {
539 	might_sleep();
540 
541 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&mm->mm_users)) {
542 		exit_aio(mm);
543 		ksm_exit(mm);
544 		exit_mmap(mm);
545 		set_mm_exe_file(mm, NULL);
546 		if (!list_empty(&mm->mmlist)) {
547 			spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
548 			list_del(&mm->mmlist);
549 			spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
550 		}
551 		put_swap_token(mm);
552 		if (mm->binfmt)
553 			module_put(mm->binfmt->module);
554 		mmdrop(mm);
555 	}
556 }
557 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmput);
558 
559 /**
560  * get_task_mm - acquire a reference to the task's mm
561  *
562  * Returns %NULL if the task has no mm.  Checks PF_KTHREAD (meaning
563  * this kernel workthread has transiently adopted a user mm with use_mm,
564  * to do its AIO) is not set and if so returns a reference to it, after
565  * bumping up the use count.  User must release the mm via mmput()
566  * after use.  Typically used by /proc and ptrace.
567  */
568 struct mm_struct *get_task_mm(struct task_struct *task)
569 {
570 	struct mm_struct *mm;
571 
572 	task_lock(task);
573 	mm = task->mm;
574 	if (mm) {
575 		if (task->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
576 			mm = NULL;
577 		else
578 			atomic_inc(&mm->mm_users);
579 	}
580 	task_unlock(task);
581 	return mm;
582 }
583 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(get_task_mm);
584 
585 /* Please note the differences between mmput and mm_release.
586  * mmput is called whenever we stop holding onto a mm_struct,
587  * error success whatever.
588  *
589  * mm_release is called after a mm_struct has been removed
590  * from the current process.
591  *
592  * This difference is important for error handling, when we
593  * only half set up a mm_struct for a new process and need to restore
594  * the old one.  Because we mmput the new mm_struct before
595  * restoring the old one. . .
596  * Eric Biederman 10 January 1998
597  */
598 void mm_release(struct task_struct *tsk, struct mm_struct *mm)
599 {
600 	struct completion *vfork_done = tsk->vfork_done;
601 
602 	/* Get rid of any futexes when releasing the mm */
603 #ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
604 	if (unlikely(tsk->robust_list)) {
605 		exit_robust_list(tsk);
606 		tsk->robust_list = NULL;
607 	}
608 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
609 	if (unlikely(tsk->compat_robust_list)) {
610 		compat_exit_robust_list(tsk);
611 		tsk->compat_robust_list = NULL;
612 	}
613 #endif
614 	if (unlikely(!list_empty(&tsk->pi_state_list)))
615 		exit_pi_state_list(tsk);
616 #endif
617 
618 	/* Get rid of any cached register state */
619 	deactivate_mm(tsk, mm);
620 
621 	/* notify parent sleeping on vfork() */
622 	if (vfork_done) {
623 		tsk->vfork_done = NULL;
624 		complete(vfork_done);
625 	}
626 
627 	/*
628 	 * If we're exiting normally, clear a user-space tid field if
629 	 * requested.  We leave this alone when dying by signal, to leave
630 	 * the value intact in a core dump, and to save the unnecessary
631 	 * trouble otherwise.  Userland only wants this done for a sys_exit.
632 	 */
633 	if (tsk->clear_child_tid) {
634 		if (!(tsk->flags & PF_SIGNALED) &&
635 		    atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1) {
636 			/*
637 			 * We don't check the error code - if userspace has
638 			 * not set up a proper pointer then tough luck.
639 			 */
640 			put_user(0, tsk->clear_child_tid);
641 			sys_futex(tsk->clear_child_tid, FUTEX_WAKE,
642 					1, NULL, NULL, 0);
643 		}
644 		tsk->clear_child_tid = NULL;
645 	}
646 }
647 
648 /*
649  * Allocate a new mm structure and copy contents from the
650  * mm structure of the passed in task structure.
651  */
652 struct mm_struct *dup_mm(struct task_struct *tsk)
653 {
654 	struct mm_struct *mm, *oldmm = current->mm;
655 	int err;
656 
657 	if (!oldmm)
658 		return NULL;
659 
660 	mm = allocate_mm();
661 	if (!mm)
662 		goto fail_nomem;
663 
664 	memcpy(mm, oldmm, sizeof(*mm));
665 
666 	/* Initializing for Swap token stuff */
667 	mm->token_priority = 0;
668 	mm->last_interval = 0;
669 
670 	if (!mm_init(mm, tsk))
671 		goto fail_nomem;
672 
673 	if (init_new_context(tsk, mm))
674 		goto fail_nocontext;
675 
676 	dup_mm_exe_file(oldmm, mm);
677 
678 	err = dup_mmap(mm, oldmm);
679 	if (err)
680 		goto free_pt;
681 
682 	mm->hiwater_rss = get_mm_rss(mm);
683 	mm->hiwater_vm = mm->total_vm;
684 
685 	if (mm->binfmt && !try_module_get(mm->binfmt->module))
686 		goto free_pt;
687 
688 	return mm;
689 
690 free_pt:
691 	/* don't put binfmt in mmput, we haven't got module yet */
692 	mm->binfmt = NULL;
693 	mmput(mm);
694 
695 fail_nomem:
696 	return NULL;
697 
698 fail_nocontext:
699 	/*
700 	 * If init_new_context() failed, we cannot use mmput() to free the mm
701 	 * because it calls destroy_context()
702 	 */
703 	mm_free_pgd(mm);
704 	free_mm(mm);
705 	return NULL;
706 }
707 
708 static int copy_mm(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
709 {
710 	struct mm_struct * mm, *oldmm;
711 	int retval;
712 
713 	tsk->min_flt = tsk->maj_flt = 0;
714 	tsk->nvcsw = tsk->nivcsw = 0;
715 #ifdef CONFIG_DETECT_HUNG_TASK
716 	tsk->last_switch_count = tsk->nvcsw + tsk->nivcsw;
717 #endif
718 
719 	tsk->mm = NULL;
720 	tsk->active_mm = NULL;
721 
722 	/*
723 	 * Are we cloning a kernel thread?
724 	 *
725 	 * We need to steal a active VM for that..
726 	 */
727 	oldmm = current->mm;
728 	if (!oldmm)
729 		return 0;
730 
731 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_VM) {
732 		atomic_inc(&oldmm->mm_users);
733 		mm = oldmm;
734 		goto good_mm;
735 	}
736 
737 	retval = -ENOMEM;
738 	mm = dup_mm(tsk);
739 	if (!mm)
740 		goto fail_nomem;
741 
742 good_mm:
743 	/* Initializing for Swap token stuff */
744 	mm->token_priority = 0;
745 	mm->last_interval = 0;
746 	if (tsk->signal->oom_score_adj == OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN)
747 		atomic_inc(&mm->oom_disable_count);
748 
749 	tsk->mm = mm;
750 	tsk->active_mm = mm;
751 	return 0;
752 
753 fail_nomem:
754 	return retval;
755 }
756 
757 static int copy_fs(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
758 {
759 	struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
760 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_FS) {
761 		/* tsk->fs is already what we want */
762 		spin_lock(&fs->lock);
763 		if (fs->in_exec) {
764 			spin_unlock(&fs->lock);
765 			return -EAGAIN;
766 		}
767 		fs->users++;
768 		spin_unlock(&fs->lock);
769 		return 0;
770 	}
771 	tsk->fs = copy_fs_struct(fs);
772 	if (!tsk->fs)
773 		return -ENOMEM;
774 	return 0;
775 }
776 
777 static int copy_files(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct * tsk)
778 {
779 	struct files_struct *oldf, *newf;
780 	int error = 0;
781 
782 	/*
783 	 * A background process may not have any files ...
784 	 */
785 	oldf = current->files;
786 	if (!oldf)
787 		goto out;
788 
789 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_FILES) {
790 		atomic_inc(&oldf->count);
791 		goto out;
792 	}
793 
794 	newf = dup_fd(oldf, &error);
795 	if (!newf)
796 		goto out;
797 
798 	tsk->files = newf;
799 	error = 0;
800 out:
801 	return error;
802 }
803 
804 static int copy_io(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
805 {
806 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
807 	struct io_context *ioc = current->io_context;
808 
809 	if (!ioc)
810 		return 0;
811 	/*
812 	 * Share io context with parent, if CLONE_IO is set
813 	 */
814 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_IO) {
815 		tsk->io_context = ioc_task_link(ioc);
816 		if (unlikely(!tsk->io_context))
817 			return -ENOMEM;
818 	} else if (ioprio_valid(ioc->ioprio)) {
819 		tsk->io_context = alloc_io_context(GFP_KERNEL, -1);
820 		if (unlikely(!tsk->io_context))
821 			return -ENOMEM;
822 
823 		tsk->io_context->ioprio = ioc->ioprio;
824 	}
825 #endif
826 	return 0;
827 }
828 
829 static int copy_sighand(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
830 {
831 	struct sighand_struct *sig;
832 
833 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) {
834 		atomic_inc(&current->sighand->count);
835 		return 0;
836 	}
837 	sig = kmem_cache_alloc(sighand_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
838 	rcu_assign_pointer(tsk->sighand, sig);
839 	if (!sig)
840 		return -ENOMEM;
841 	atomic_set(&sig->count, 1);
842 	memcpy(sig->action, current->sighand->action, sizeof(sig->action));
843 	return 0;
844 }
845 
846 void __cleanup_sighand(struct sighand_struct *sighand)
847 {
848 	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&sighand->count))
849 		kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, sighand);
850 }
851 
852 
853 /*
854  * Initialize POSIX timer handling for a thread group.
855  */
856 static void posix_cpu_timers_init_group(struct signal_struct *sig)
857 {
858 	unsigned long cpu_limit;
859 
860 	/* Thread group counters. */
861 	thread_group_cputime_init(sig);
862 
863 	cpu_limit = ACCESS_ONCE(sig->rlim[RLIMIT_CPU].rlim_cur);
864 	if (cpu_limit != RLIM_INFINITY) {
865 		sig->cputime_expires.prof_exp = secs_to_cputime(cpu_limit);
866 		sig->cputimer.running = 1;
867 	}
868 
869 	/* The timer lists. */
870 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[0]);
871 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[1]);
872 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->cpu_timers[2]);
873 }
874 
875 static int copy_signal(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *tsk)
876 {
877 	struct signal_struct *sig;
878 
879 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
880 		return 0;
881 
882 	sig = kmem_cache_zalloc(signal_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
883 	tsk->signal = sig;
884 	if (!sig)
885 		return -ENOMEM;
886 
887 	sig->nr_threads = 1;
888 	atomic_set(&sig->live, 1);
889 	atomic_set(&sig->sigcnt, 1);
890 	init_waitqueue_head(&sig->wait_chldexit);
891 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWPID)
892 		sig->flags |= SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE;
893 	sig->curr_target = tsk;
894 	init_sigpending(&sig->shared_pending);
895 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&sig->posix_timers);
896 
897 	hrtimer_init(&sig->real_timer, CLOCK_MONOTONIC, HRTIMER_MODE_REL);
898 	sig->real_timer.function = it_real_fn;
899 
900 	task_lock(current->group_leader);
901 	memcpy(sig->rlim, current->signal->rlim, sizeof sig->rlim);
902 	task_unlock(current->group_leader);
903 
904 	posix_cpu_timers_init_group(sig);
905 
906 	tty_audit_fork(sig);
907 
908 	sig->oom_adj = current->signal->oom_adj;
909 	sig->oom_score_adj = current->signal->oom_score_adj;
910 
911 	return 0;
912 }
913 
914 static void copy_flags(unsigned long clone_flags, struct task_struct *p)
915 {
916 	unsigned long new_flags = p->flags;
917 
918 	new_flags &= ~(PF_SUPERPRIV | PF_WQ_WORKER);
919 	new_flags |= PF_FORKNOEXEC;
920 	new_flags |= PF_STARTING;
921 	p->flags = new_flags;
922 	clear_freeze_flag(p);
923 }
924 
925 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(set_tid_address, int __user *, tidptr)
926 {
927 	current->clear_child_tid = tidptr;
928 
929 	return task_pid_vnr(current);
930 }
931 
932 static void rt_mutex_init_task(struct task_struct *p)
933 {
934 	raw_spin_lock_init(&p->pi_lock);
935 #ifdef CONFIG_RT_MUTEXES
936 	plist_head_init_raw(&p->pi_waiters, &p->pi_lock);
937 	p->pi_blocked_on = NULL;
938 #endif
939 }
940 
941 #ifdef CONFIG_MM_OWNER
942 void mm_init_owner(struct mm_struct *mm, struct task_struct *p)
943 {
944 	mm->owner = p;
945 }
946 #endif /* CONFIG_MM_OWNER */
947 
948 /*
949  * Initialize POSIX timer handling for a single task.
950  */
951 static void posix_cpu_timers_init(struct task_struct *tsk)
952 {
953 	tsk->cputime_expires.prof_exp = cputime_zero;
954 	tsk->cputime_expires.virt_exp = cputime_zero;
955 	tsk->cputime_expires.sched_exp = 0;
956 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[0]);
957 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[1]);
958 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tsk->cpu_timers[2]);
959 }
960 
961 /*
962  * This creates a new process as a copy of the old one,
963  * but does not actually start it yet.
964  *
965  * It copies the registers, and all the appropriate
966  * parts of the process environment (as per the clone
967  * flags). The actual kick-off is left to the caller.
968  */
969 static struct task_struct *copy_process(unsigned long clone_flags,
970 					unsigned long stack_start,
971 					struct pt_regs *regs,
972 					unsigned long stack_size,
973 					int __user *child_tidptr,
974 					struct pid *pid,
975 					int trace)
976 {
977 	int retval;
978 	struct task_struct *p;
979 	int cgroup_callbacks_done = 0;
980 
981 	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS)) == (CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_FS))
982 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
983 
984 	/*
985 	 * Thread groups must share signals as well, and detached threads
986 	 * can only be started up within the thread group.
987 	 */
988 	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND))
989 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
990 
991 	/*
992 	 * Shared signal handlers imply shared VM. By way of the above,
993 	 * thread groups also imply shared VM. Blocking this case allows
994 	 * for various simplifications in other code.
995 	 */
996 	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && !(clone_flags & CLONE_VM))
997 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
998 
999 	/*
1000 	 * Siblings of global init remain as zombies on exit since they are
1001 	 * not reaped by their parent (swapper). To solve this and to avoid
1002 	 * multi-rooted process trees, prevent global and container-inits
1003 	 * from creating siblings.
1004 	 */
1005 	if ((clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT) &&
1006 				current->signal->flags & SIGNAL_UNKILLABLE)
1007 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
1008 
1009 	retval = security_task_create(clone_flags);
1010 	if (retval)
1011 		goto fork_out;
1012 
1013 	retval = -ENOMEM;
1014 	p = dup_task_struct(current);
1015 	if (!p)
1016 		goto fork_out;
1017 
1018 	ftrace_graph_init_task(p);
1019 
1020 	rt_mutex_init_task(p);
1021 
1022 #ifdef CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING
1023 	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->hardirqs_enabled);
1024 	DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(!p->softirqs_enabled);
1025 #endif
1026 	retval = -EAGAIN;
1027 	if (atomic_read(&p->real_cred->user->processes) >=
1028 			task_rlimit(p, RLIMIT_NPROC)) {
1029 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && !capable(CAP_SYS_RESOURCE) &&
1030 		    p->real_cred->user != INIT_USER)
1031 			goto bad_fork_free;
1032 	}
1033 
1034 	retval = copy_creds(p, clone_flags);
1035 	if (retval < 0)
1036 		goto bad_fork_free;
1037 
1038 	/*
1039 	 * If multiple threads are within copy_process(), then this check
1040 	 * triggers too late. This doesn't hurt, the check is only there
1041 	 * to stop root fork bombs.
1042 	 */
1043 	retval = -EAGAIN;
1044 	if (nr_threads >= max_threads)
1045 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
1046 
1047 	if (!try_module_get(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module))
1048 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_count;
1049 
1050 	p->did_exec = 0;
1051 	delayacct_tsk_init(p);	/* Must remain after dup_task_struct() */
1052 	copy_flags(clone_flags, p);
1053 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->children);
1054 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->sibling);
1055 	rcu_copy_process(p);
1056 	p->vfork_done = NULL;
1057 	spin_lock_init(&p->alloc_lock);
1058 
1059 	init_sigpending(&p->pending);
1060 
1061 	p->utime = cputime_zero;
1062 	p->stime = cputime_zero;
1063 	p->gtime = cputime_zero;
1064 	p->utimescaled = cputime_zero;
1065 	p->stimescaled = cputime_zero;
1066 #ifndef CONFIG_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
1067 	p->prev_utime = cputime_zero;
1068 	p->prev_stime = cputime_zero;
1069 #endif
1070 #if defined(SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING)
1071 	memset(&p->rss_stat, 0, sizeof(p->rss_stat));
1072 #endif
1073 
1074 	p->default_timer_slack_ns = current->timer_slack_ns;
1075 
1076 	task_io_accounting_init(&p->ioac);
1077 	acct_clear_integrals(p);
1078 
1079 	posix_cpu_timers_init(p);
1080 
1081 	p->lock_depth = -1;		/* -1 = no lock */
1082 	do_posix_clock_monotonic_gettime(&p->start_time);
1083 	p->real_start_time = p->start_time;
1084 	monotonic_to_bootbased(&p->real_start_time);
1085 	p->io_context = NULL;
1086 	p->audit_context = NULL;
1087 	cgroup_fork(p);
1088 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1089 	p->mempolicy = mpol_dup(p->mempolicy);
1090  	if (IS_ERR(p->mempolicy)) {
1091  		retval = PTR_ERR(p->mempolicy);
1092  		p->mempolicy = NULL;
1093  		goto bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup;
1094  	}
1095 	mpol_fix_fork_child_flag(p);
1096 #endif
1097 #ifdef CONFIG_TRACE_IRQFLAGS
1098 	p->irq_events = 0;
1099 #ifdef __ARCH_WANT_INTERRUPTS_ON_CTXSW
1100 	p->hardirqs_enabled = 1;
1101 #else
1102 	p->hardirqs_enabled = 0;
1103 #endif
1104 	p->hardirq_enable_ip = 0;
1105 	p->hardirq_enable_event = 0;
1106 	p->hardirq_disable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
1107 	p->hardirq_disable_event = 0;
1108 	p->softirqs_enabled = 1;
1109 	p->softirq_enable_ip = _THIS_IP_;
1110 	p->softirq_enable_event = 0;
1111 	p->softirq_disable_ip = 0;
1112 	p->softirq_disable_event = 0;
1113 	p->hardirq_context = 0;
1114 	p->softirq_context = 0;
1115 #endif
1116 #ifdef CONFIG_LOCKDEP
1117 	p->lockdep_depth = 0; /* no locks held yet */
1118 	p->curr_chain_key = 0;
1119 	p->lockdep_recursion = 0;
1120 #endif
1121 
1122 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES
1123 	p->blocked_on = NULL; /* not blocked yet */
1124 #endif
1125 #ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR
1126 	p->memcg_batch.do_batch = 0;
1127 	p->memcg_batch.memcg = NULL;
1128 #endif
1129 
1130 	/* Perform scheduler related setup. Assign this task to a CPU. */
1131 	sched_fork(p, clone_flags);
1132 
1133 	retval = perf_event_init_task(p);
1134 	if (retval)
1135 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
1136 
1137 	if ((retval = audit_alloc(p)))
1138 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_policy;
1139 	/* copy all the process information */
1140 	if ((retval = copy_semundo(clone_flags, p)))
1141 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_audit;
1142 	if ((retval = copy_files(clone_flags, p)))
1143 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_semundo;
1144 	if ((retval = copy_fs(clone_flags, p)))
1145 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_files;
1146 	if ((retval = copy_sighand(clone_flags, p)))
1147 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_fs;
1148 	if ((retval = copy_signal(clone_flags, p)))
1149 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_sighand;
1150 	if ((retval = copy_mm(clone_flags, p)))
1151 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_signal;
1152 	if ((retval = copy_namespaces(clone_flags, p)))
1153 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_mm;
1154 	if ((retval = copy_io(clone_flags, p)))
1155 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces;
1156 	retval = copy_thread(clone_flags, stack_start, stack_size, p, regs);
1157 	if (retval)
1158 		goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
1159 
1160 	if (pid != &init_struct_pid) {
1161 		retval = -ENOMEM;
1162 		pid = alloc_pid(p->nsproxy->pid_ns);
1163 		if (!pid)
1164 			goto bad_fork_cleanup_io;
1165 
1166 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWPID) {
1167 			retval = pid_ns_prepare_proc(p->nsproxy->pid_ns);
1168 			if (retval < 0)
1169 				goto bad_fork_free_pid;
1170 		}
1171 	}
1172 
1173 	p->pid = pid_nr(pid);
1174 	p->tgid = p->pid;
1175 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1176 		p->tgid = current->tgid;
1177 
1178 	if (current->nsproxy != p->nsproxy) {
1179 		retval = ns_cgroup_clone(p, pid);
1180 		if (retval)
1181 			goto bad_fork_free_pid;
1182 	}
1183 
1184 	p->set_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_SETTID) ? child_tidptr : NULL;
1185 	/*
1186 	 * Clear TID on mm_release()?
1187 	 */
1188 	p->clear_child_tid = (clone_flags & CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID) ? child_tidptr: NULL;
1189 #ifdef CONFIG_FUTEX
1190 	p->robust_list = NULL;
1191 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
1192 	p->compat_robust_list = NULL;
1193 #endif
1194 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->pi_state_list);
1195 	p->pi_state_cache = NULL;
1196 #endif
1197 	/*
1198 	 * sigaltstack should be cleared when sharing the same VM
1199 	 */
1200 	if ((clone_flags & (CLONE_VM|CLONE_VFORK)) == CLONE_VM)
1201 		p->sas_ss_sp = p->sas_ss_size = 0;
1202 
1203 	/*
1204 	 * Syscall tracing and stepping should be turned off in the
1205 	 * child regardless of CLONE_PTRACE.
1206 	 */
1207 	user_disable_single_step(p);
1208 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_TRACE);
1209 #ifdef TIF_SYSCALL_EMU
1210 	clear_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SYSCALL_EMU);
1211 #endif
1212 	clear_all_latency_tracing(p);
1213 
1214 	/* ok, now we should be set up.. */
1215 	p->exit_signal = (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) ? -1 : (clone_flags & CSIGNAL);
1216 	p->pdeath_signal = 0;
1217 	p->exit_state = 0;
1218 
1219 	/*
1220 	 * Ok, make it visible to the rest of the system.
1221 	 * We dont wake it up yet.
1222 	 */
1223 	p->group_leader = p;
1224 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&p->thread_group);
1225 
1226 	/* Now that the task is set up, run cgroup callbacks if
1227 	 * necessary. We need to run them before the task is visible
1228 	 * on the tasklist. */
1229 	cgroup_fork_callbacks(p);
1230 	cgroup_callbacks_done = 1;
1231 
1232 	/* Need tasklist lock for parent etc handling! */
1233 	write_lock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1234 
1235 	/* CLONE_PARENT re-uses the old parent */
1236 	if (clone_flags & (CLONE_PARENT|CLONE_THREAD)) {
1237 		p->real_parent = current->real_parent;
1238 		p->parent_exec_id = current->parent_exec_id;
1239 	} else {
1240 		p->real_parent = current;
1241 		p->parent_exec_id = current->self_exec_id;
1242 	}
1243 
1244 	spin_lock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1245 
1246 	/*
1247 	 * Process group and session signals need to be delivered to just the
1248 	 * parent before the fork or both the parent and the child after the
1249 	 * fork. Restart if a signal comes in before we add the new process to
1250 	 * it's process group.
1251 	 * A fatal signal pending means that current will exit, so the new
1252 	 * thread can't slip out of an OOM kill (or normal SIGKILL).
1253  	 */
1254 	recalc_sigpending();
1255 	if (signal_pending(current)) {
1256 		spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1257 		write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1258 		retval = -ERESTARTNOINTR;
1259 		goto bad_fork_free_pid;
1260 	}
1261 
1262 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD) {
1263 		current->signal->nr_threads++;
1264 		atomic_inc(&current->signal->live);
1265 		atomic_inc(&current->signal->sigcnt);
1266 		p->group_leader = current->group_leader;
1267 		list_add_tail_rcu(&p->thread_group, &p->group_leader->thread_group);
1268 	}
1269 
1270 	if (likely(p->pid)) {
1271 		tracehook_finish_clone(p, clone_flags, trace);
1272 
1273 		if (thread_group_leader(p)) {
1274 			if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWPID)
1275 				p->nsproxy->pid_ns->child_reaper = p;
1276 
1277 			p->signal->leader_pid = pid;
1278 			p->signal->tty = tty_kref_get(current->signal->tty);
1279 			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PGID, task_pgrp(current));
1280 			attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_SID, task_session(current));
1281 			list_add_tail(&p->sibling, &p->real_parent->children);
1282 			list_add_tail_rcu(&p->tasks, &init_task.tasks);
1283 			__get_cpu_var(process_counts)++;
1284 		}
1285 		attach_pid(p, PIDTYPE_PID, pid);
1286 		nr_threads++;
1287 	}
1288 
1289 	total_forks++;
1290 	spin_unlock(&current->sighand->siglock);
1291 	write_unlock_irq(&tasklist_lock);
1292 	proc_fork_connector(p);
1293 	cgroup_post_fork(p);
1294 	perf_event_fork(p);
1295 	return p;
1296 
1297 bad_fork_free_pid:
1298 	if (pid != &init_struct_pid)
1299 		free_pid(pid);
1300 bad_fork_cleanup_io:
1301 	if (p->io_context)
1302 		exit_io_context(p);
1303 bad_fork_cleanup_namespaces:
1304 	exit_task_namespaces(p);
1305 bad_fork_cleanup_mm:
1306 	if (p->mm) {
1307 		task_lock(p);
1308 		if (p->signal->oom_score_adj == OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN)
1309 			atomic_dec(&p->mm->oom_disable_count);
1310 		task_unlock(p);
1311 		mmput(p->mm);
1312 	}
1313 bad_fork_cleanup_signal:
1314 	if (!(clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD))
1315 		free_signal_struct(p->signal);
1316 bad_fork_cleanup_sighand:
1317 	__cleanup_sighand(p->sighand);
1318 bad_fork_cleanup_fs:
1319 	exit_fs(p); /* blocking */
1320 bad_fork_cleanup_files:
1321 	exit_files(p); /* blocking */
1322 bad_fork_cleanup_semundo:
1323 	exit_sem(p);
1324 bad_fork_cleanup_audit:
1325 	audit_free(p);
1326 bad_fork_cleanup_policy:
1327 	perf_event_free_task(p);
1328 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
1329 	mpol_put(p->mempolicy);
1330 bad_fork_cleanup_cgroup:
1331 #endif
1332 	cgroup_exit(p, cgroup_callbacks_done);
1333 	delayacct_tsk_free(p);
1334 	module_put(task_thread_info(p)->exec_domain->module);
1335 bad_fork_cleanup_count:
1336 	atomic_dec(&p->cred->user->processes);
1337 	exit_creds(p);
1338 bad_fork_free:
1339 	free_task(p);
1340 fork_out:
1341 	return ERR_PTR(retval);
1342 }
1343 
1344 noinline struct pt_regs * __cpuinit __attribute__((weak)) idle_regs(struct pt_regs *regs)
1345 {
1346 	memset(regs, 0, sizeof(struct pt_regs));
1347 	return regs;
1348 }
1349 
1350 static inline void init_idle_pids(struct pid_link *links)
1351 {
1352 	enum pid_type type;
1353 
1354 	for (type = PIDTYPE_PID; type < PIDTYPE_MAX; ++type) {
1355 		INIT_HLIST_NODE(&links[type].node); /* not really needed */
1356 		links[type].pid = &init_struct_pid;
1357 	}
1358 }
1359 
1360 struct task_struct * __cpuinit fork_idle(int cpu)
1361 {
1362 	struct task_struct *task;
1363 	struct pt_regs regs;
1364 
1365 	task = copy_process(CLONE_VM, 0, idle_regs(&regs), 0, NULL,
1366 			    &init_struct_pid, 0);
1367 	if (!IS_ERR(task)) {
1368 		init_idle_pids(task->pids);
1369 		init_idle(task, cpu);
1370 	}
1371 
1372 	return task;
1373 }
1374 
1375 /*
1376  *  Ok, this is the main fork-routine.
1377  *
1378  * It copies the process, and if successful kick-starts
1379  * it and waits for it to finish using the VM if required.
1380  */
1381 long do_fork(unsigned long clone_flags,
1382 	      unsigned long stack_start,
1383 	      struct pt_regs *regs,
1384 	      unsigned long stack_size,
1385 	      int __user *parent_tidptr,
1386 	      int __user *child_tidptr)
1387 {
1388 	struct task_struct *p;
1389 	int trace = 0;
1390 	long nr;
1391 
1392 	/*
1393 	 * Do some preliminary argument and permissions checking before we
1394 	 * actually start allocating stuff
1395 	 */
1396 	if (clone_flags & CLONE_NEWUSER) {
1397 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1398 			return -EINVAL;
1399 		/* hopefully this check will go away when userns support is
1400 		 * complete
1401 		 */
1402 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || !capable(CAP_SETUID) ||
1403 				!capable(CAP_SETGID))
1404 			return -EPERM;
1405 	}
1406 
1407 	/*
1408 	 * We hope to recycle these flags after 2.6.26
1409 	 */
1410 	if (unlikely(clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED)) {
1411 		static int __read_mostly count = 100;
1412 
1413 		if (count > 0 && printk_ratelimit()) {
1414 			char comm[TASK_COMM_LEN];
1415 
1416 			count--;
1417 			printk(KERN_INFO "fork(): process `%s' used deprecated "
1418 					"clone flags 0x%lx\n",
1419 				get_task_comm(comm, current),
1420 				clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED);
1421 		}
1422 	}
1423 
1424 	/*
1425 	 * When called from kernel_thread, don't do user tracing stuff.
1426 	 */
1427 	if (likely(user_mode(regs)))
1428 		trace = tracehook_prepare_clone(clone_flags);
1429 
1430 	p = copy_process(clone_flags, stack_start, regs, stack_size,
1431 			 child_tidptr, NULL, trace);
1432 	/*
1433 	 * Do this prior waking up the new thread - the thread pointer
1434 	 * might get invalid after that point, if the thread exits quickly.
1435 	 */
1436 	if (!IS_ERR(p)) {
1437 		struct completion vfork;
1438 
1439 		trace_sched_process_fork(current, p);
1440 
1441 		nr = task_pid_vnr(p);
1442 
1443 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_PARENT_SETTID)
1444 			put_user(nr, parent_tidptr);
1445 
1446 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1447 			p->vfork_done = &vfork;
1448 			init_completion(&vfork);
1449 		}
1450 
1451 		audit_finish_fork(p);
1452 		tracehook_report_clone(regs, clone_flags, nr, p);
1453 
1454 		/*
1455 		 * We set PF_STARTING at creation in case tracing wants to
1456 		 * use this to distinguish a fully live task from one that
1457 		 * hasn't gotten to tracehook_report_clone() yet.  Now we
1458 		 * clear it and set the child going.
1459 		 */
1460 		p->flags &= ~PF_STARTING;
1461 
1462 		if (unlikely(clone_flags & CLONE_STOPPED)) {
1463 			/*
1464 			 * We'll start up with an immediate SIGSTOP.
1465 			 */
1466 			sigaddset(&p->pending.signal, SIGSTOP);
1467 			set_tsk_thread_flag(p, TIF_SIGPENDING);
1468 			__set_task_state(p, TASK_STOPPED);
1469 		} else {
1470 			wake_up_new_task(p, clone_flags);
1471 		}
1472 
1473 		tracehook_report_clone_complete(trace, regs,
1474 						clone_flags, nr, p);
1475 
1476 		if (clone_flags & CLONE_VFORK) {
1477 			freezer_do_not_count();
1478 			wait_for_completion(&vfork);
1479 			freezer_count();
1480 			tracehook_report_vfork_done(p, nr);
1481 		}
1482 	} else {
1483 		nr = PTR_ERR(p);
1484 	}
1485 	return nr;
1486 }
1487 
1488 #ifndef ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN
1489 #define ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN 0
1490 #endif
1491 
1492 static void sighand_ctor(void *data)
1493 {
1494 	struct sighand_struct *sighand = data;
1495 
1496 	spin_lock_init(&sighand->siglock);
1497 	init_waitqueue_head(&sighand->signalfd_wqh);
1498 }
1499 
1500 void __init proc_caches_init(void)
1501 {
1502 	sighand_cachep = kmem_cache_create("sighand_cache",
1503 			sizeof(struct sighand_struct), 0,
1504 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU|
1505 			SLAB_NOTRACK, sighand_ctor);
1506 	signal_cachep = kmem_cache_create("signal_cache",
1507 			sizeof(struct signal_struct), 0,
1508 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_NOTRACK, NULL);
1509 	files_cachep = kmem_cache_create("files_cache",
1510 			sizeof(struct files_struct), 0,
1511 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_NOTRACK, NULL);
1512 	fs_cachep = kmem_cache_create("fs_cache",
1513 			sizeof(struct fs_struct), 0,
1514 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_NOTRACK, NULL);
1515 	mm_cachep = kmem_cache_create("mm_struct",
1516 			sizeof(struct mm_struct), ARCH_MIN_MMSTRUCT_ALIGN,
1517 			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_NOTRACK, NULL);
1518 	vm_area_cachep = KMEM_CACHE(vm_area_struct, SLAB_PANIC);
1519 	mmap_init();
1520 }
1521 
1522 /*
1523  * Check constraints on flags passed to the unshare system call and
1524  * force unsharing of additional process context as appropriate.
1525  */
1526 static void check_unshare_flags(unsigned long *flags_ptr)
1527 {
1528 	/*
1529 	 * If unsharing a thread from a thread group, must also
1530 	 * unshare vm.
1531 	 */
1532 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_THREAD)
1533 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_VM;
1534 
1535 	/*
1536 	 * If unsharing vm, must also unshare signal handlers.
1537 	 */
1538 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_VM)
1539 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_SIGHAND;
1540 
1541 	/*
1542 	 * If unsharing namespace, must also unshare filesystem information.
1543 	 */
1544 	if (*flags_ptr & CLONE_NEWNS)
1545 		*flags_ptr |= CLONE_FS;
1546 }
1547 
1548 /*
1549  * Unsharing of tasks created with CLONE_THREAD is not supported yet
1550  */
1551 static int unshare_thread(unsigned long unshare_flags)
1552 {
1553 	if (unshare_flags & CLONE_THREAD)
1554 		return -EINVAL;
1555 
1556 	return 0;
1557 }
1558 
1559 /*
1560  * Unshare the filesystem structure if it is being shared
1561  */
1562 static int unshare_fs(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct fs_struct **new_fsp)
1563 {
1564 	struct fs_struct *fs = current->fs;
1565 
1566 	if (!(unshare_flags & CLONE_FS) || !fs)
1567 		return 0;
1568 
1569 	/* don't need lock here; in the worst case we'll do useless copy */
1570 	if (fs->users == 1)
1571 		return 0;
1572 
1573 	*new_fsp = copy_fs_struct(fs);
1574 	if (!*new_fsp)
1575 		return -ENOMEM;
1576 
1577 	return 0;
1578 }
1579 
1580 /*
1581  * Unsharing of sighand is not supported yet
1582  */
1583 static int unshare_sighand(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct sighand_struct **new_sighp)
1584 {
1585 	struct sighand_struct *sigh = current->sighand;
1586 
1587 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_SIGHAND) && atomic_read(&sigh->count) > 1)
1588 		return -EINVAL;
1589 	else
1590 		return 0;
1591 }
1592 
1593 /*
1594  * Unshare vm if it is being shared
1595  */
1596 static int unshare_vm(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct mm_struct **new_mmp)
1597 {
1598 	struct mm_struct *mm = current->mm;
1599 
1600 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_VM) &&
1601 	    (mm && atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) > 1)) {
1602 		return -EINVAL;
1603 	}
1604 
1605 	return 0;
1606 }
1607 
1608 /*
1609  * Unshare file descriptor table if it is being shared
1610  */
1611 static int unshare_fd(unsigned long unshare_flags, struct files_struct **new_fdp)
1612 {
1613 	struct files_struct *fd = current->files;
1614 	int error = 0;
1615 
1616 	if ((unshare_flags & CLONE_FILES) &&
1617 	    (fd && atomic_read(&fd->count) > 1)) {
1618 		*new_fdp = dup_fd(fd, &error);
1619 		if (!*new_fdp)
1620 			return error;
1621 	}
1622 
1623 	return 0;
1624 }
1625 
1626 /*
1627  * unshare allows a process to 'unshare' part of the process
1628  * context which was originally shared using clone.  copy_*
1629  * functions used by do_fork() cannot be used here directly
1630  * because they modify an inactive task_struct that is being
1631  * constructed. Here we are modifying the current, active,
1632  * task_struct.
1633  */
1634 SYSCALL_DEFINE1(unshare, unsigned long, unshare_flags)
1635 {
1636 	int err = 0;
1637 	struct fs_struct *fs, *new_fs = NULL;
1638 	struct sighand_struct *new_sigh = NULL;
1639 	struct mm_struct *mm, *new_mm = NULL, *active_mm = NULL;
1640 	struct files_struct *fd, *new_fd = NULL;
1641 	struct nsproxy *new_nsproxy = NULL;
1642 	int do_sysvsem = 0;
1643 
1644 	check_unshare_flags(&unshare_flags);
1645 
1646 	/* Return -EINVAL for all unsupported flags */
1647 	err = -EINVAL;
1648 	if (unshare_flags & ~(CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_FS|CLONE_NEWNS|CLONE_SIGHAND|
1649 				CLONE_VM|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SYSVSEM|
1650 				CLONE_NEWUTS|CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_NEWNET))
1651 		goto bad_unshare_out;
1652 
1653 	/*
1654 	 * CLONE_NEWIPC must also detach from the undolist: after switching
1655 	 * to a new ipc namespace, the semaphore arrays from the old
1656 	 * namespace are unreachable.
1657 	 */
1658 	if (unshare_flags & (CLONE_NEWIPC|CLONE_SYSVSEM))
1659 		do_sysvsem = 1;
1660 	if ((err = unshare_thread(unshare_flags)))
1661 		goto bad_unshare_out;
1662 	if ((err = unshare_fs(unshare_flags, &new_fs)))
1663 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_thread;
1664 	if ((err = unshare_sighand(unshare_flags, &new_sigh)))
1665 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fs;
1666 	if ((err = unshare_vm(unshare_flags, &new_mm)))
1667 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh;
1668 	if ((err = unshare_fd(unshare_flags, &new_fd)))
1669 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_vm;
1670 	if ((err = unshare_nsproxy_namespaces(unshare_flags, &new_nsproxy,
1671 			new_fs)))
1672 		goto bad_unshare_cleanup_fd;
1673 
1674 	if (new_fs ||  new_mm || new_fd || do_sysvsem || new_nsproxy) {
1675 		if (do_sysvsem) {
1676 			/*
1677 			 * CLONE_SYSVSEM is equivalent to sys_exit().
1678 			 */
1679 			exit_sem(current);
1680 		}
1681 
1682 		if (new_nsproxy) {
1683 			switch_task_namespaces(current, new_nsproxy);
1684 			new_nsproxy = NULL;
1685 		}
1686 
1687 		task_lock(current);
1688 
1689 		if (new_fs) {
1690 			fs = current->fs;
1691 			spin_lock(&fs->lock);
1692 			current->fs = new_fs;
1693 			if (--fs->users)
1694 				new_fs = NULL;
1695 			else
1696 				new_fs = fs;
1697 			spin_unlock(&fs->lock);
1698 		}
1699 
1700 		if (new_mm) {
1701 			mm = current->mm;
1702 			active_mm = current->active_mm;
1703 			current->mm = new_mm;
1704 			current->active_mm = new_mm;
1705 			if (current->signal->oom_score_adj == OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MIN) {
1706 				atomic_dec(&mm->oom_disable_count);
1707 				atomic_inc(&new_mm->oom_disable_count);
1708 			}
1709 			activate_mm(active_mm, new_mm);
1710 			new_mm = mm;
1711 		}
1712 
1713 		if (new_fd) {
1714 			fd = current->files;
1715 			current->files = new_fd;
1716 			new_fd = fd;
1717 		}
1718 
1719 		task_unlock(current);
1720 	}
1721 
1722 	if (new_nsproxy)
1723 		put_nsproxy(new_nsproxy);
1724 
1725 bad_unshare_cleanup_fd:
1726 	if (new_fd)
1727 		put_files_struct(new_fd);
1728 
1729 bad_unshare_cleanup_vm:
1730 	if (new_mm)
1731 		mmput(new_mm);
1732 
1733 bad_unshare_cleanup_sigh:
1734 	if (new_sigh)
1735 		if (atomic_dec_and_test(&new_sigh->count))
1736 			kmem_cache_free(sighand_cachep, new_sigh);
1737 
1738 bad_unshare_cleanup_fs:
1739 	if (new_fs)
1740 		free_fs_struct(new_fs);
1741 
1742 bad_unshare_cleanup_thread:
1743 bad_unshare_out:
1744 	return err;
1745 }
1746 
1747 /*
1748  *	Helper to unshare the files of the current task.
1749  *	We don't want to expose copy_files internals to
1750  *	the exec layer of the kernel.
1751  */
1752 
1753 int unshare_files(struct files_struct **displaced)
1754 {
1755 	struct task_struct *task = current;
1756 	struct files_struct *copy = NULL;
1757 	int error;
1758 
1759 	error = unshare_fd(CLONE_FILES, &copy);
1760 	if (error || !copy) {
1761 		*displaced = NULL;
1762 		return error;
1763 	}
1764 	*displaced = task->files;
1765 	task_lock(task);
1766 	task->files = copy;
1767 	task_unlock(task);
1768 	return 0;
1769 }
1770