xref: /linux/include/xen/interface/io/blkif.h (revision 93d90ad708b8da6efc0e487b66111aa9db7f70c7)
1 /******************************************************************************
2  * blkif.h
3  *
4  * Unified block-device I/O interface for Xen guest OSes.
5  *
6  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004, Keir Fraser
7  */
8 
9 #ifndef __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_BLKIF_H__
10 #define __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_BLKIF_H__
11 
12 #include <xen/interface/io/ring.h>
13 #include <xen/interface/grant_table.h>
14 
15 /*
16  * Front->back notifications: When enqueuing a new request, sending a
17  * notification can be made conditional on req_event (i.e., the generic
18  * hold-off mechanism provided by the ring macros). Backends must set
19  * req_event appropriately (e.g., using RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_REQUESTS()).
20  *
21  * Back->front notifications: When enqueuing a new response, sending a
22  * notification can be made conditional on rsp_event (i.e., the generic
23  * hold-off mechanism provided by the ring macros). Frontends must set
24  * rsp_event appropriately (e.g., using RING_FINAL_CHECK_FOR_RESPONSES()).
25  */
26 
27 typedef uint16_t blkif_vdev_t;
28 typedef uint64_t blkif_sector_t;
29 
30 /*
31  * REQUEST CODES.
32  */
33 #define BLKIF_OP_READ              0
34 #define BLKIF_OP_WRITE             1
35 /*
36  * Recognised only if "feature-barrier" is present in backend xenbus info.
37  * The "feature_barrier" node contains a boolean indicating whether barrier
38  * requests are likely to succeed or fail. Either way, a barrier request
39  * may fail at any time with BLKIF_RSP_EOPNOTSUPP if it is unsupported by
40  * the underlying block-device hardware. The boolean simply indicates whether
41  * or not it is worthwhile for the frontend to attempt barrier requests.
42  * If a backend does not recognise BLKIF_OP_WRITE_BARRIER, it should *not*
43  * create the "feature-barrier" node!
44  */
45 #define BLKIF_OP_WRITE_BARRIER     2
46 
47 /*
48  * Recognised if "feature-flush-cache" is present in backend xenbus
49  * info.  A flush will ask the underlying storage hardware to flush its
50  * non-volatile caches as appropriate.  The "feature-flush-cache" node
51  * contains a boolean indicating whether flush requests are likely to
52  * succeed or fail. Either way, a flush request may fail at any time
53  * with BLKIF_RSP_EOPNOTSUPP if it is unsupported by the underlying
54  * block-device hardware. The boolean simply indicates whether or not it
55  * is worthwhile for the frontend to attempt flushes.  If a backend does
56  * not recognise BLKIF_OP_WRITE_FLUSH_CACHE, it should *not* create the
57  * "feature-flush-cache" node!
58  */
59 #define BLKIF_OP_FLUSH_DISKCACHE   3
60 
61 /*
62  * Recognised only if "feature-discard" is present in backend xenbus info.
63  * The "feature-discard" node contains a boolean indicating whether trim
64  * (ATA) or unmap (SCSI) - conviently called discard requests are likely
65  * to succeed or fail. Either way, a discard request
66  * may fail at any time with BLKIF_RSP_EOPNOTSUPP if it is unsupported by
67  * the underlying block-device hardware. The boolean simply indicates whether
68  * or not it is worthwhile for the frontend to attempt discard requests.
69  * If a backend does not recognise BLKIF_OP_DISCARD, it should *not*
70  * create the "feature-discard" node!
71  *
72  * Discard operation is a request for the underlying block device to mark
73  * extents to be erased. However, discard does not guarantee that the blocks
74  * will be erased from the device - it is just a hint to the device
75  * controller that these blocks are no longer in use. What the device
76  * controller does with that information is left to the controller.
77  * Discard operations are passed with sector_number as the
78  * sector index to begin discard operations at and nr_sectors as the number of
79  * sectors to be discarded. The specified sectors should be discarded if the
80  * underlying block device supports trim (ATA) or unmap (SCSI) operations,
81  * or a BLKIF_RSP_EOPNOTSUPP  should be returned.
82  * More information about trim/unmap operations at:
83  * http://t13.org/Documents/UploadedDocuments/docs2008/
84  *     e07154r6-Data_Set_Management_Proposal_for_ATA-ACS2.doc
85  * http://www.seagate.com/staticfiles/support/disc/manuals/
86  *     Interface%20manuals/100293068c.pdf
87  * The backend can optionally provide three extra XenBus attributes to
88  * further optimize the discard functionality:
89  * 'discard-alignment' - Devices that support discard functionality may
90  * internally allocate space in units that are bigger than the exported
91  * logical block size. The discard-alignment parameter indicates how many bytes
92  * the beginning of the partition is offset from the internal allocation unit's
93  * natural alignment.
94  * 'discard-granularity'  - Devices that support discard functionality may
95  * internally allocate space using units that are bigger than the logical block
96  * size. The discard-granularity parameter indicates the size of the internal
97  * allocation unit in bytes if reported by the device. Otherwise the
98  * discard-granularity will be set to match the device's physical block size.
99  * 'discard-secure' - All copies of the discarded sectors (potentially created
100  * by garbage collection) must also be erased.  To use this feature, the flag
101  * BLKIF_DISCARD_SECURE must be set in the blkif_request_trim.
102  */
103 #define BLKIF_OP_DISCARD           5
104 
105 /*
106  * Recognized if "feature-max-indirect-segments" in present in the backend
107  * xenbus info. The "feature-max-indirect-segments" node contains the maximum
108  * number of segments allowed by the backend per request. If the node is
109  * present, the frontend might use blkif_request_indirect structs in order to
110  * issue requests with more than BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST (11). The
111  * maximum number of indirect segments is fixed by the backend, but the
112  * frontend can issue requests with any number of indirect segments as long as
113  * it's less than the number provided by the backend. The indirect_grefs field
114  * in blkif_request_indirect should be filled by the frontend with the
115  * grant references of the pages that are holding the indirect segments.
116  * These pages are filled with an array of blkif_request_segment that hold the
117  * information about the segments. The number of indirect pages to use is
118  * determined by the number of segments an indirect request contains. Every
119  * indirect page can contain a maximum of
120  * (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct blkif_request_segment)) segments, so to
121  * calculate the number of indirect pages to use we have to do
122  * ceil(indirect_segments / (PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct blkif_request_segment))).
123  *
124  * If a backend does not recognize BLKIF_OP_INDIRECT, it should *not*
125  * create the "feature-max-indirect-segments" node!
126  */
127 #define BLKIF_OP_INDIRECT          6
128 
129 /*
130  * Maximum scatter/gather segments per request.
131  * This is carefully chosen so that sizeof(struct blkif_ring) <= PAGE_SIZE.
132  * NB. This could be 12 if the ring indexes weren't stored in the same page.
133  */
134 #define BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST 11
135 
136 #define BLKIF_MAX_INDIRECT_PAGES_PER_REQUEST 8
137 
138 struct blkif_request_segment {
139 		grant_ref_t gref;        /* reference to I/O buffer frame        */
140 		/* @first_sect: first sector in frame to transfer (inclusive).   */
141 		/* @last_sect: last sector in frame to transfer (inclusive).     */
142 		uint8_t     first_sect, last_sect;
143 };
144 
145 struct blkif_request_rw {
146 	uint8_t        nr_segments;  /* number of segments                   */
147 	blkif_vdev_t   handle;       /* only for read/write requests         */
148 #ifndef CONFIG_X86_32
149 	uint32_t       _pad1;	     /* offsetof(blkif_request,u.rw.id) == 8 */
150 #endif
151 	uint64_t       id;           /* private guest value, echoed in resp  */
152 	blkif_sector_t sector_number;/* start sector idx on disk (r/w only)  */
153 	struct blkif_request_segment seg[BLKIF_MAX_SEGMENTS_PER_REQUEST];
154 } __attribute__((__packed__));
155 
156 struct blkif_request_discard {
157 	uint8_t        flag;         /* BLKIF_DISCARD_SECURE or zero.        */
158 #define BLKIF_DISCARD_SECURE (1<<0)  /* ignored if discard-secure=0          */
159 	blkif_vdev_t   _pad1;        /* only for read/write requests         */
160 #ifndef CONFIG_X86_32
161 	uint32_t       _pad2;        /* offsetof(blkif_req..,u.discard.id)==8*/
162 #endif
163 	uint64_t       id;           /* private guest value, echoed in resp  */
164 	blkif_sector_t sector_number;
165 	uint64_t       nr_sectors;
166 	uint8_t        _pad3;
167 } __attribute__((__packed__));
168 
169 struct blkif_request_other {
170 	uint8_t      _pad1;
171 	blkif_vdev_t _pad2;        /* only for read/write requests         */
172 #ifndef CONFIG_X86_32
173 	uint32_t     _pad3;        /* offsetof(blkif_req..,u.other.id)==8*/
174 #endif
175 	uint64_t     id;           /* private guest value, echoed in resp  */
176 } __attribute__((__packed__));
177 
178 struct blkif_request_indirect {
179 	uint8_t        indirect_op;
180 	uint16_t       nr_segments;
181 #ifndef CONFIG_X86_32
182 	uint32_t       _pad1;        /* offsetof(blkif_...,u.indirect.id) == 8 */
183 #endif
184 	uint64_t       id;
185 	blkif_sector_t sector_number;
186 	blkif_vdev_t   handle;
187 	uint16_t       _pad2;
188 	grant_ref_t    indirect_grefs[BLKIF_MAX_INDIRECT_PAGES_PER_REQUEST];
189 #ifndef CONFIG_X86_32
190 	uint32_t      _pad3;         /* make it 64 byte aligned */
191 #else
192 	uint64_t      _pad3;         /* make it 64 byte aligned */
193 #endif
194 } __attribute__((__packed__));
195 
196 struct blkif_request {
197 	uint8_t        operation;    /* BLKIF_OP_???                         */
198 	union {
199 		struct blkif_request_rw rw;
200 		struct blkif_request_discard discard;
201 		struct blkif_request_other other;
202 		struct blkif_request_indirect indirect;
203 	} u;
204 } __attribute__((__packed__));
205 
206 struct blkif_response {
207 	uint64_t        id;              /* copied from request */
208 	uint8_t         operation;       /* copied from request */
209 	int16_t         status;          /* BLKIF_RSP_???       */
210 };
211 
212 /*
213  * STATUS RETURN CODES.
214  */
215  /* Operation not supported (only happens on barrier writes). */
216 #define BLKIF_RSP_EOPNOTSUPP  -2
217  /* Operation failed for some unspecified reason (-EIO). */
218 #define BLKIF_RSP_ERROR       -1
219  /* Operation completed successfully. */
220 #define BLKIF_RSP_OKAY         0
221 
222 /*
223  * Generate blkif ring structures and types.
224  */
225 
226 DEFINE_RING_TYPES(blkif, struct blkif_request, struct blkif_response);
227 
228 #define VDISK_CDROM        0x1
229 #define VDISK_REMOVABLE    0x2
230 #define VDISK_READONLY     0x4
231 
232 /* Xen-defined major numbers for virtual disks, they look strangely
233  * familiar */
234 #define XEN_IDE0_MAJOR	3
235 #define XEN_IDE1_MAJOR	22
236 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK0_MAJOR	8
237 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK1_MAJOR	65
238 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK2_MAJOR	66
239 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK3_MAJOR	67
240 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK4_MAJOR	68
241 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK5_MAJOR	69
242 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK6_MAJOR	70
243 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK7_MAJOR	71
244 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK8_MAJOR	128
245 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK9_MAJOR	129
246 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK10_MAJOR	130
247 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK11_MAJOR	131
248 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK12_MAJOR	132
249 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK13_MAJOR	133
250 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK14_MAJOR	134
251 #define XEN_SCSI_DISK15_MAJOR	135
252 
253 #endif /* __XEN_PUBLIC_IO_BLKIF_H__ */
254