xref: /linux/include/linux/entry-common.h (revision 2a6b6c9a226279b4f6668450ddb21ae655558087)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef __LINUX_ENTRYCOMMON_H
3 #define __LINUX_ENTRYCOMMON_H
4 
5 #include <linux/static_call_types.h>
6 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
7 #include <linux/syscalls.h>
8 #include <linux/seccomp.h>
9 #include <linux/sched.h>
10 #include <linux/context_tracking.h>
11 #include <linux/livepatch.h>
12 #include <linux/resume_user_mode.h>
13 #include <linux/tick.h>
14 #include <linux/kmsan.h>
15 
16 #include <asm/entry-common.h>
17 
18 /*
19  * Define dummy _TIF work flags if not defined by the architecture or for
20  * disabled functionality.
21  */
22 #ifndef _TIF_PATCH_PENDING
23 # define _TIF_PATCH_PENDING		(0)
24 #endif
25 
26 #ifndef _TIF_UPROBE
27 # define _TIF_UPROBE			(0)
28 #endif
29 
30 /*
31  * SYSCALL_WORK flags handled in syscall_enter_from_user_mode()
32  */
33 #ifndef ARCH_SYSCALL_WORK_ENTER
34 # define ARCH_SYSCALL_WORK_ENTER	(0)
35 #endif
36 
37 /*
38  * SYSCALL_WORK flags handled in syscall_exit_to_user_mode()
39  */
40 #ifndef ARCH_SYSCALL_WORK_EXIT
41 # define ARCH_SYSCALL_WORK_EXIT		(0)
42 #endif
43 
44 #define SYSCALL_WORK_ENTER	(SYSCALL_WORK_SECCOMP |			\
45 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINT |	\
46 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_TRACE |		\
47 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_EMU |		\
48 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_AUDIT |		\
49 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH |	\
50 				 ARCH_SYSCALL_WORK_ENTER)
51 #define SYSCALL_WORK_EXIT	(SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_TRACEPOINT |	\
52 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_TRACE |		\
53 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_AUDIT |		\
54 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_USER_DISPATCH |	\
55 				 SYSCALL_WORK_SYSCALL_EXIT_TRAP	|	\
56 				 ARCH_SYSCALL_WORK_EXIT)
57 
58 /*
59  * TIF flags handled in exit_to_user_mode_loop()
60  */
61 #ifndef ARCH_EXIT_TO_USER_MODE_WORK
62 # define ARCH_EXIT_TO_USER_MODE_WORK		(0)
63 #endif
64 
65 #define EXIT_TO_USER_MODE_WORK						\
66 	(_TIF_SIGPENDING | _TIF_NOTIFY_RESUME | _TIF_UPROBE |		\
67 	 _TIF_NEED_RESCHED | _TIF_PATCH_PENDING | _TIF_NOTIFY_SIGNAL |	\
68 	 ARCH_EXIT_TO_USER_MODE_WORK)
69 
70 /**
71  * arch_enter_from_user_mode - Architecture specific sanity check for user mode regs
72  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
73  *
74  * Defaults to an empty implementation. Can be replaced by architecture
75  * specific code.
76  *
77  * Invoked from syscall_enter_from_user_mode() in the non-instrumentable
78  * section. Use __always_inline so the compiler cannot push it out of line
79  * and make it instrumentable.
80  */
81 static __always_inline void arch_enter_from_user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs);
82 
83 #ifndef arch_enter_from_user_mode
84 static __always_inline void arch_enter_from_user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs) {}
85 #endif
86 
87 /**
88  * enter_from_user_mode - Establish state when coming from user mode
89  *
90  * Syscall/interrupt entry disables interrupts, but user mode is traced as
91  * interrupts enabled. Also with NO_HZ_FULL RCU might be idle.
92  *
93  * 1) Tell lockdep that interrupts are disabled
94  * 2) Invoke context tracking if enabled to reactivate RCU
95  * 3) Trace interrupts off state
96  *
97  * Invoked from architecture specific syscall entry code with interrupts
98  * disabled. The calling code has to be non-instrumentable. When the
99  * function returns all state is correct and interrupts are still
100  * disabled. The subsequent functions can be instrumented.
101  *
102  * This is invoked when there is architecture specific functionality to be
103  * done between establishing state and enabling interrupts. The caller must
104  * enable interrupts before invoking syscall_enter_from_user_mode_work().
105  */
106 static __always_inline void enter_from_user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs)
107 {
108 	arch_enter_from_user_mode(regs);
109 	lockdep_hardirqs_off(CALLER_ADDR0);
110 
111 	CT_WARN_ON(__ct_state() != CONTEXT_USER);
112 	user_exit_irqoff();
113 
114 	instrumentation_begin();
115 	kmsan_unpoison_entry_regs(regs);
116 	trace_hardirqs_off_finish();
117 	instrumentation_end();
118 }
119 
120 /**
121  * syscall_enter_from_user_mode_prepare - Establish state and enable interrupts
122  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
123  *
124  * Invoked from architecture specific syscall entry code with interrupts
125  * disabled. The calling code has to be non-instrumentable. When the
126  * function returns all state is correct, interrupts are enabled and the
127  * subsequent functions can be instrumented.
128  *
129  * This handles lockdep, RCU (context tracking) and tracing state, i.e.
130  * the functionality provided by enter_from_user_mode().
131  *
132  * This is invoked when there is extra architecture specific functionality
133  * to be done between establishing state and handling user mode entry work.
134  */
135 void syscall_enter_from_user_mode_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs);
136 
137 long syscall_trace_enter(struct pt_regs *regs, long syscall,
138 			 unsigned long work);
139 
140 /**
141  * syscall_enter_from_user_mode_work - Check and handle work before invoking
142  *				       a syscall
143  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
144  * @syscall:	The syscall number
145  *
146  * Invoked from architecture specific syscall entry code with interrupts
147  * enabled after invoking syscall_enter_from_user_mode_prepare() and extra
148  * architecture specific work.
149  *
150  * Returns: The original or a modified syscall number
151  *
152  * If the returned syscall number is -1 then the syscall should be
153  * skipped. In this case the caller may invoke syscall_set_error() or
154  * syscall_set_return_value() first.  If neither of those are called and -1
155  * is returned, then the syscall will fail with ENOSYS.
156  *
157  * It handles the following work items:
158  *
159  *  1) syscall_work flag dependent invocations of
160  *     ptrace_report_syscall_entry(), __secure_computing(), trace_sys_enter()
161  *  2) Invocation of audit_syscall_entry()
162  */
163 static __always_inline long syscall_enter_from_user_mode_work(struct pt_regs *regs, long syscall)
164 {
165 	unsigned long work = READ_ONCE(current_thread_info()->syscall_work);
166 
167 	if (work & SYSCALL_WORK_ENTER)
168 		syscall = syscall_trace_enter(regs, syscall, work);
169 
170 	return syscall;
171 }
172 
173 /**
174  * syscall_enter_from_user_mode - Establish state and check and handle work
175  *				  before invoking a syscall
176  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
177  * @syscall:	The syscall number
178  *
179  * Invoked from architecture specific syscall entry code with interrupts
180  * disabled. The calling code has to be non-instrumentable. When the
181  * function returns all state is correct, interrupts are enabled and the
182  * subsequent functions can be instrumented.
183  *
184  * This is combination of syscall_enter_from_user_mode_prepare() and
185  * syscall_enter_from_user_mode_work().
186  *
187  * Returns: The original or a modified syscall number. See
188  * syscall_enter_from_user_mode_work() for further explanation.
189  */
190 static __always_inline long syscall_enter_from_user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs, long syscall)
191 {
192 	long ret;
193 
194 	enter_from_user_mode(regs);
195 
196 	instrumentation_begin();
197 	local_irq_enable();
198 	ret = syscall_enter_from_user_mode_work(regs, syscall);
199 	instrumentation_end();
200 
201 	return ret;
202 }
203 
204 /**
205  * local_irq_enable_exit_to_user - Exit to user variant of local_irq_enable()
206  * @ti_work:	Cached TIF flags gathered with interrupts disabled
207  *
208  * Defaults to local_irq_enable(). Can be supplied by architecture specific
209  * code.
210  */
211 static inline void local_irq_enable_exit_to_user(unsigned long ti_work);
212 
213 #ifndef local_irq_enable_exit_to_user
214 static inline void local_irq_enable_exit_to_user(unsigned long ti_work)
215 {
216 	local_irq_enable();
217 }
218 #endif
219 
220 /**
221  * local_irq_disable_exit_to_user - Exit to user variant of local_irq_disable()
222  *
223  * Defaults to local_irq_disable(). Can be supplied by architecture specific
224  * code.
225  */
226 static inline void local_irq_disable_exit_to_user(void);
227 
228 #ifndef local_irq_disable_exit_to_user
229 static inline void local_irq_disable_exit_to_user(void)
230 {
231 	local_irq_disable();
232 }
233 #endif
234 
235 /**
236  * arch_exit_to_user_mode_work - Architecture specific TIF work for exit
237  *				 to user mode.
238  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
239  * @ti_work:	Cached TIF flags gathered with interrupts disabled
240  *
241  * Invoked from exit_to_user_mode_loop() with interrupt enabled
242  *
243  * Defaults to NOOP. Can be supplied by architecture specific code.
244  */
245 static inline void arch_exit_to_user_mode_work(struct pt_regs *regs,
246 					       unsigned long ti_work);
247 
248 #ifndef arch_exit_to_user_mode_work
249 static inline void arch_exit_to_user_mode_work(struct pt_regs *regs,
250 					       unsigned long ti_work)
251 {
252 }
253 #endif
254 
255 /**
256  * arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare - Architecture specific preparation for
257  *				    exit to user mode.
258  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
259  * @ti_work:	Cached TIF flags gathered with interrupts disabled
260  *
261  * Invoked from exit_to_user_mode_prepare() with interrupt disabled as the last
262  * function before return. Defaults to NOOP.
263  */
264 static inline void arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs,
265 						  unsigned long ti_work);
266 
267 #ifndef arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare
268 static inline void arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs,
269 						  unsigned long ti_work)
270 {
271 }
272 #endif
273 
274 /**
275  * arch_exit_to_user_mode - Architecture specific final work before
276  *			    exit to user mode.
277  *
278  * Invoked from exit_to_user_mode() with interrupt disabled as the last
279  * function before return. Defaults to NOOP.
280  *
281  * This needs to be __always_inline because it is non-instrumentable code
282  * invoked after context tracking switched to user mode.
283  *
284  * An architecture implementation must not do anything complex, no locking
285  * etc. The main purpose is for speculation mitigations.
286  */
287 static __always_inline void arch_exit_to_user_mode(void);
288 
289 #ifndef arch_exit_to_user_mode
290 static __always_inline void arch_exit_to_user_mode(void) { }
291 #endif
292 
293 /**
294  * arch_do_signal_or_restart -  Architecture specific signal delivery function
295  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
296  *
297  * Invoked from exit_to_user_mode_loop().
298  */
299 void arch_do_signal_or_restart(struct pt_regs *regs);
300 
301 /**
302  * exit_to_user_mode_loop - do any pending work before leaving to user space
303  */
304 unsigned long exit_to_user_mode_loop(struct pt_regs *regs,
305 				     unsigned long ti_work);
306 
307 /**
308  * exit_to_user_mode_prepare - call exit_to_user_mode_loop() if required
309  * @regs:	Pointer to pt_regs on entry stack
310  *
311  * 1) check that interrupts are disabled
312  * 2) call tick_nohz_user_enter_prepare()
313  * 3) call exit_to_user_mode_loop() if any flags from
314  *    EXIT_TO_USER_MODE_WORK are set
315  * 4) check that interrupts are still disabled
316  */
317 static __always_inline void exit_to_user_mode_prepare(struct pt_regs *regs)
318 {
319 	unsigned long ti_work;
320 
321 	lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
322 
323 	/* Flush pending rcuog wakeup before the last need_resched() check */
324 	tick_nohz_user_enter_prepare();
325 
326 	ti_work = read_thread_flags();
327 	if (unlikely(ti_work & EXIT_TO_USER_MODE_WORK))
328 		ti_work = exit_to_user_mode_loop(regs, ti_work);
329 
330 	arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare(regs, ti_work);
331 
332 	/* Ensure that kernel state is sane for a return to userspace */
333 	kmap_assert_nomap();
334 	lockdep_assert_irqs_disabled();
335 	lockdep_sys_exit();
336 }
337 
338 /**
339  * exit_to_user_mode - Fixup state when exiting to user mode
340  *
341  * Syscall/interrupt exit enables interrupts, but the kernel state is
342  * interrupts disabled when this is invoked. Also tell RCU about it.
343  *
344  * 1) Trace interrupts on state
345  * 2) Invoke context tracking if enabled to adjust RCU state
346  * 3) Invoke architecture specific last minute exit code, e.g. speculation
347  *    mitigations, etc.: arch_exit_to_user_mode()
348  * 4) Tell lockdep that interrupts are enabled
349  *
350  * Invoked from architecture specific code when syscall_exit_to_user_mode()
351  * is not suitable as the last step before returning to userspace. Must be
352  * invoked with interrupts disabled and the caller must be
353  * non-instrumentable.
354  * The caller has to invoke syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work() before this.
355  */
356 static __always_inline void exit_to_user_mode(void)
357 {
358 	instrumentation_begin();
359 	trace_hardirqs_on_prepare();
360 	lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare();
361 	instrumentation_end();
362 
363 	user_enter_irqoff();
364 	arch_exit_to_user_mode();
365 	lockdep_hardirqs_on(CALLER_ADDR0);
366 }
367 
368 /**
369  * syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work - Handle work before returning to user mode
370  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
371  *
372  * Same as step 1 and 2 of syscall_exit_to_user_mode() but without calling
373  * exit_to_user_mode() to perform the final transition to user mode.
374  *
375  * Calling convention is the same as for syscall_exit_to_user_mode() and it
376  * returns with all work handled and interrupts disabled. The caller must
377  * invoke exit_to_user_mode() before actually switching to user mode to
378  * make the final state transitions. Interrupts must stay disabled between
379  * return from this function and the invocation of exit_to_user_mode().
380  */
381 void syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work(struct pt_regs *regs);
382 
383 /**
384  * syscall_exit_to_user_mode - Handle work before returning to user mode
385  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
386  *
387  * Invoked with interrupts enabled and fully valid regs. Returns with all
388  * work handled, interrupts disabled such that the caller can immediately
389  * switch to user mode. Called from architecture specific syscall and ret
390  * from fork code.
391  *
392  * The call order is:
393  *  1) One-time syscall exit work:
394  *	- rseq syscall exit
395  *      - audit
396  *	- syscall tracing
397  *	- ptrace (single stepping)
398  *
399  *  2) Preparatory work
400  *	- Exit to user mode loop (common TIF handling). Invokes
401  *	  arch_exit_to_user_mode_work() for architecture specific TIF work
402  *	- Architecture specific one time work arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare()
403  *	- Address limit and lockdep checks
404  *
405  *  3) Final transition (lockdep, tracing, context tracking, RCU), i.e. the
406  *     functionality in exit_to_user_mode().
407  *
408  * This is a combination of syscall_exit_to_user_mode_work() (1,2) and
409  * exit_to_user_mode(). This function is preferred unless there is a
410  * compelling architectural reason to use the separate functions.
411  */
412 void syscall_exit_to_user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs);
413 
414 /**
415  * irqentry_enter_from_user_mode - Establish state before invoking the irq handler
416  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
417  *
418  * Invoked from architecture specific entry code with interrupts disabled.
419  * Can only be called when the interrupt entry came from user mode. The
420  * calling code must be non-instrumentable.  When the function returns all
421  * state is correct and the subsequent functions can be instrumented.
422  *
423  * The function establishes state (lockdep, RCU (context tracking), tracing)
424  */
425 void irqentry_enter_from_user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs);
426 
427 /**
428  * irqentry_exit_to_user_mode - Interrupt exit work
429  * @regs:	Pointer to current's pt_regs
430  *
431  * Invoked with interrupts disabled and fully valid regs. Returns with all
432  * work handled, interrupts disabled such that the caller can immediately
433  * switch to user mode. Called from architecture specific interrupt
434  * handling code.
435  *
436  * The call order is #2 and #3 as described in syscall_exit_to_user_mode().
437  * Interrupt exit is not invoking #1 which is the syscall specific one time
438  * work.
439  */
440 void irqentry_exit_to_user_mode(struct pt_regs *regs);
441 
442 #ifndef irqentry_state
443 /**
444  * struct irqentry_state - Opaque object for exception state storage
445  * @exit_rcu: Used exclusively in the irqentry_*() calls; signals whether the
446  *            exit path has to invoke ct_irq_exit().
447  * @lockdep: Used exclusively in the irqentry_nmi_*() calls; ensures that
448  *           lockdep state is restored correctly on exit from nmi.
449  *
450  * This opaque object is filled in by the irqentry_*_enter() functions and
451  * must be passed back into the corresponding irqentry_*_exit() functions
452  * when the exception is complete.
453  *
454  * Callers of irqentry_*_[enter|exit]() must consider this structure opaque
455  * and all members private.  Descriptions of the members are provided to aid in
456  * the maintenance of the irqentry_*() functions.
457  */
458 typedef struct irqentry_state {
459 	union {
460 		bool	exit_rcu;
461 		bool	lockdep;
462 	};
463 } irqentry_state_t;
464 #endif
465 
466 /**
467  * irqentry_enter - Handle state tracking on ordinary interrupt entries
468  * @regs:	Pointer to pt_regs of interrupted context
469  *
470  * Invokes:
471  *  - lockdep irqflag state tracking as low level ASM entry disabled
472  *    interrupts.
473  *
474  *  - Context tracking if the exception hit user mode.
475  *
476  *  - The hardirq tracer to keep the state consistent as low level ASM
477  *    entry disabled interrupts.
478  *
479  * As a precondition, this requires that the entry came from user mode,
480  * idle, or a kernel context in which RCU is watching.
481  *
482  * For kernel mode entries RCU handling is done conditional. If RCU is
483  * watching then the only RCU requirement is to check whether the tick has
484  * to be restarted. If RCU is not watching then ct_irq_enter() has to be
485  * invoked on entry and ct_irq_exit() on exit.
486  *
487  * Avoiding the ct_irq_enter/exit() calls is an optimization but also
488  * solves the problem of kernel mode pagefaults which can schedule, which
489  * is not possible after invoking ct_irq_enter() without undoing it.
490  *
491  * For user mode entries irqentry_enter_from_user_mode() is invoked to
492  * establish the proper context for NOHZ_FULL. Otherwise scheduling on exit
493  * would not be possible.
494  *
495  * Returns: An opaque object that must be passed to idtentry_exit()
496  */
497 irqentry_state_t noinstr irqentry_enter(struct pt_regs *regs);
498 
499 /**
500  * irqentry_exit_cond_resched - Conditionally reschedule on return from interrupt
501  *
502  * Conditional reschedule with additional sanity checks.
503  */
504 void raw_irqentry_exit_cond_resched(void);
505 #ifdef CONFIG_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC
506 #if defined(CONFIG_HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC_CALL)
507 #define irqentry_exit_cond_resched_dynamic_enabled	raw_irqentry_exit_cond_resched
508 #define irqentry_exit_cond_resched_dynamic_disabled	NULL
509 DECLARE_STATIC_CALL(irqentry_exit_cond_resched, raw_irqentry_exit_cond_resched);
510 #define irqentry_exit_cond_resched()	static_call(irqentry_exit_cond_resched)()
511 #elif defined(CONFIG_HAVE_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC_KEY)
512 DECLARE_STATIC_KEY_TRUE(sk_dynamic_irqentry_exit_cond_resched);
513 void dynamic_irqentry_exit_cond_resched(void);
514 #define irqentry_exit_cond_resched()	dynamic_irqentry_exit_cond_resched()
515 #endif
516 #else /* CONFIG_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC */
517 #define irqentry_exit_cond_resched()	raw_irqentry_exit_cond_resched()
518 #endif /* CONFIG_PREEMPT_DYNAMIC */
519 
520 /**
521  * irqentry_exit - Handle return from exception that used irqentry_enter()
522  * @regs:	Pointer to pt_regs (exception entry regs)
523  * @state:	Return value from matching call to irqentry_enter()
524  *
525  * Depending on the return target (kernel/user) this runs the necessary
526  * preemption and work checks if possible and required and returns to
527  * the caller with interrupts disabled and no further work pending.
528  *
529  * This is the last action before returning to the low level ASM code which
530  * just needs to return to the appropriate context.
531  *
532  * Counterpart to irqentry_enter().
533  */
534 void noinstr irqentry_exit(struct pt_regs *regs, irqentry_state_t state);
535 
536 /**
537  * irqentry_nmi_enter - Handle NMI entry
538  * @regs:	Pointer to currents pt_regs
539  *
540  * Similar to irqentry_enter() but taking care of the NMI constraints.
541  */
542 irqentry_state_t noinstr irqentry_nmi_enter(struct pt_regs *regs);
543 
544 /**
545  * irqentry_nmi_exit - Handle return from NMI handling
546  * @regs:	Pointer to pt_regs (NMI entry regs)
547  * @irq_state:	Return value from matching call to irqentry_nmi_enter()
548  *
549  * Last action before returning to the low level assembly code.
550  *
551  * Counterpart to irqentry_nmi_enter().
552  */
553 void noinstr irqentry_nmi_exit(struct pt_regs *regs, irqentry_state_t irq_state);
554 
555 #endif
556