xref: /linux/fs/romfs/super.c (revision e21f9e2e862e9eb3dd64eaddb6256b3e5098660f)
1 /* Block- or MTD-based romfs
2  *
3  * Copyright © 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
5  *
6  * Derived from: ROMFS file system, Linux implementation
7  *
8  * Copyright © 1997-1999  Janos Farkas <chexum@shadow.banki.hu>
9  *
10  * Using parts of the minix filesystem
11  * Copyright © 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
12  *
13  * and parts of the affs filesystem additionally
14  * Copyright © 1993  Ray Burr
15  * Copyright © 1996  Hans-Joachim Widmaier
16  *
17  * Changes
18  *					Changed for 2.1.19 modules
19  *	Jan 1997			Initial release
20  *	Jun 1997			2.1.43+ changes
21  *					Proper page locking in readpage
22  *					Changed to work with 2.1.45+ fs
23  *	Jul 1997			Fixed follow_link
24  *			2.1.47
25  *					lookup shouldn't return -ENOENT
26  *					from Horst von Brand:
27  *					  fail on wrong checksum
28  *					  double unlock_super was possible
29  *					  correct namelen for statfs
30  *					spotted by Bill Hawes:
31  *					  readlink shouldn't iput()
32  *	Jun 1998	2.1.106		from Avery Pennarun: glibc scandir()
33  *					  exposed a problem in readdir
34  *			2.1.107		code-freeze spellchecker run
35  *	Aug 1998			2.1.118+ VFS changes
36  *	Sep 1998	2.1.122		another VFS change (follow_link)
37  *	Apr 1999	2.2.7		no more EBADF checking in
38  *					  lookup/readdir, use ERR_PTR
39  *	Jun 1999	2.3.6		d_alloc_root use changed
40  *			2.3.9		clean up usage of ENOENT/negative
41  *					  dentries in lookup
42  *					clean up page flags setting
43  *					  (error, uptodate, locking) in
44  *					  in readpage
45  *					use init_special_inode for
46  *					  fifos/sockets (and streamline) in
47  *					  read_inode, fix _ops table order
48  *	Aug 1999	2.3.16		__initfunc() => __init change
49  *	Oct 1999	2.3.24		page->owner hack obsoleted
50  *	Nov 1999	2.3.27		2.3.25+ page->offset => index change
51  *
52  *
53  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
54  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
55  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
56  * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
57  */
58 
59 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
60 
61 #include <linux/module.h>
62 #include <linux/string.h>
63 #include <linux/fs.h>
64 #include <linux/time.h>
65 #include <linux/slab.h>
66 #include <linux/init.h>
67 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
68 #include <linux/parser.h>
69 #include <linux/mount.h>
70 #include <linux/namei.h>
71 #include <linux/statfs.h>
72 #include <linux/mtd/super.h>
73 #include <linux/ctype.h>
74 #include <linux/highmem.h>
75 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
76 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
77 #include <linux/major.h>
78 #include "internal.h"
79 
80 static struct kmem_cache *romfs_inode_cachep;
81 
82 static const umode_t romfs_modemap[8] = {
83 	0,			/* hard link */
84 	S_IFDIR  | 0644,	/* directory */
85 	S_IFREG  | 0644,	/* regular file */
86 	S_IFLNK  | 0777,	/* symlink */
87 	S_IFBLK  | 0600,	/* blockdev */
88 	S_IFCHR  | 0600,	/* chardev */
89 	S_IFSOCK | 0644,	/* socket */
90 	S_IFIFO  | 0644		/* FIFO */
91 };
92 
93 static const unsigned char romfs_dtype_table[] = {
94 	DT_UNKNOWN, DT_DIR, DT_REG, DT_LNK, DT_BLK, DT_CHR, DT_SOCK, DT_FIFO
95 };
96 
97 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos);
98 
99 /*
100  * read a page worth of data from the image
101  */
102 static int romfs_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
103 {
104 	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
105 	loff_t offset, size;
106 	unsigned long fillsize, pos;
107 	void *buf;
108 	int ret;
109 
110 	buf = kmap(page);
111 	if (!buf)
112 		return -ENOMEM;
113 
114 	/* 32 bit warning -- but not for us :) */
115 	offset = page_offset(page);
116 	size = i_size_read(inode);
117 	fillsize = 0;
118 	ret = 0;
119 	if (offset < size) {
120 		size -= offset;
121 		fillsize = size > PAGE_SIZE ? PAGE_SIZE : size;
122 
123 		pos = ROMFS_I(inode)->i_dataoffset + offset;
124 
125 		ret = romfs_dev_read(inode->i_sb, pos, buf, fillsize);
126 		if (ret < 0) {
127 			SetPageError(page);
128 			fillsize = 0;
129 			ret = -EIO;
130 		}
131 	}
132 
133 	if (fillsize < PAGE_SIZE)
134 		memset(buf + fillsize, 0, PAGE_SIZE - fillsize);
135 	if (ret == 0)
136 		SetPageUptodate(page);
137 
138 	flush_dcache_page(page);
139 	kunmap(page);
140 	unlock_page(page);
141 	return ret;
142 }
143 
144 static const struct address_space_operations romfs_aops = {
145 	.readpage	= romfs_readpage
146 };
147 
148 /*
149  * read the entries from a directory
150  */
151 static int romfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
152 {
153 	struct inode *i = file_inode(file);
154 	struct romfs_inode ri;
155 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
156 	int j, ino, nextfh;
157 	char fsname[ROMFS_MAXFN];	/* XXX dynamic? */
158 	int ret;
159 
160 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(i->i_sb);
161 
162 	offset = ctx->pos;
163 	if (!offset) {
164 		offset = i->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
165 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
166 		if (ret < 0)
167 			goto out;
168 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
169 	}
170 
171 	/* Not really failsafe, but we are read-only... */
172 	for (;;) {
173 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff) {
174 			offset = maxoff;
175 			ctx->pos = offset;
176 			goto out;
177 		}
178 		ctx->pos = offset;
179 
180 		/* Fetch inode info */
181 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
182 		if (ret < 0)
183 			goto out;
184 
185 		j = romfs_dev_strnlen(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE,
186 				      sizeof(fsname) - 1);
187 		if (j < 0)
188 			goto out;
189 
190 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, fsname, j);
191 		if (ret < 0)
192 			goto out;
193 		fsname[j] = '\0';
194 
195 		ino = offset;
196 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
197 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
198 			ino = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
199 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, fsname, j, ino,
200 			    romfs_dtype_table[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE]))
201 			goto out;
202 
203 		offset = nextfh & ROMFH_MASK;
204 	}
205 out:
206 	return 0;
207 }
208 
209 /*
210  * look up an entry in a directory
211  */
212 static struct dentry *romfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
213 				   unsigned int flags)
214 {
215 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
216 	struct inode *inode;
217 	struct romfs_inode ri;
218 	const char *name;		/* got from dentry */
219 	int len, ret;
220 
221 	offset = dir->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
222 	ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
223 	if (ret < 0)
224 		goto error;
225 
226 	/* search all the file entries in the list starting from the one
227 	 * pointed to by the directory's special data */
228 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(dir->i_sb);
229 	offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
230 
231 	name = dentry->d_name.name;
232 	len = dentry->d_name.len;
233 
234 	for (;;) {
235 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff)
236 			goto out0;
237 
238 		ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, sizeof(ri));
239 		if (ret < 0)
240 			goto error;
241 
242 		/* try to match the first 16 bytes of name */
243 		ret = romfs_dev_strcmp(dir->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, name,
244 				       len);
245 		if (ret < 0)
246 			goto error;
247 		if (ret == 1)
248 			break;
249 
250 		/* next entry */
251 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_MASK;
252 	}
253 
254 	/* Hard link handling */
255 	if ((be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
256 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
257 
258 	inode = romfs_iget(dir->i_sb, offset);
259 	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
260 		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
261 		goto error;
262 	}
263 	goto outi;
264 
265 	/*
266 	 * it's a bit funky, _lookup needs to return an error code
267 	 * (negative) or a NULL, both as a dentry.  ENOENT should not
268 	 * be returned, instead we need to create a negative dentry by
269 	 * d_add(dentry, NULL); and return 0 as no error.
270 	 * (Although as I see, it only matters on writable file
271 	 * systems).
272 	 */
273 out0:
274 	inode = NULL;
275 outi:
276 	d_add(dentry, inode);
277 	ret = 0;
278 error:
279 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
280 }
281 
282 static const struct file_operations romfs_dir_operations = {
283 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
284 	.iterate_shared	= romfs_readdir,
285 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
286 };
287 
288 static const struct inode_operations romfs_dir_inode_operations = {
289 	.lookup		= romfs_lookup,
290 };
291 
292 /*
293  * get a romfs inode based on its position in the image (which doubles as the
294  * inode number)
295  */
296 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos)
297 {
298 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
299 	struct romfs_inode ri;
300 	struct inode *i;
301 	unsigned long nlen;
302 	unsigned nextfh;
303 	int ret;
304 	umode_t mode;
305 
306 	/* we might have to traverse a chain of "hard link" file entries to get
307 	 * to the actual file */
308 	for (;;) {
309 		ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, pos, &ri, sizeof(ri));
310 		if (ret < 0)
311 			goto error;
312 
313 		/* XXX: do romfs_checksum here too (with name) */
314 
315 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
316 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) != ROMFH_HRD)
317 			break;
318 
319 		pos = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
320 	}
321 
322 	/* determine the length of the filename */
323 	nlen = romfs_dev_strnlen(sb, pos + ROMFH_SIZE, ROMFS_MAXFN);
324 	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(nlen))
325 		goto eio;
326 
327 	/* get an inode for this image position */
328 	i = iget_locked(sb, pos);
329 	if (!i)
330 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
331 
332 	if (!(i->i_state & I_NEW))
333 		return i;
334 
335 	/* precalculate the data offset */
336 	inode = ROMFS_I(i);
337 	inode->i_metasize = (ROMFH_SIZE + nlen + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
338 	inode->i_dataoffset = pos + inode->i_metasize;
339 
340 	set_nlink(i, 1);		/* Hard to decide.. */
341 	i->i_size = be32_to_cpu(ri.size);
342 	i->i_mtime.tv_sec = i->i_atime.tv_sec = i->i_ctime.tv_sec = 0;
343 	i->i_mtime.tv_nsec = i->i_atime.tv_nsec = i->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
344 
345 	/* set up mode and ops */
346 	mode = romfs_modemap[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE];
347 
348 	switch (nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) {
349 	case ROMFH_DIR:
350 		i->i_size = ROMFS_I(i)->i_metasize;
351 		i->i_op = &romfs_dir_inode_operations;
352 		i->i_fop = &romfs_dir_operations;
353 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
354 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
355 		break;
356 	case ROMFH_REG:
357 		i->i_fop = &romfs_ro_fops;
358 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
359 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
360 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
361 		break;
362 	case ROMFH_SYM:
363 		i->i_op = &page_symlink_inode_operations;
364 		inode_nohighmem(i);
365 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
366 		mode |= S_IRWXUGO;
367 		break;
368 	default:
369 		/* depending on MBZ for sock/fifos */
370 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
371 		init_special_inode(i, mode, MKDEV(nextfh >> 16,
372 						  nextfh & 0xffff));
373 		break;
374 	}
375 
376 	i->i_mode = mode;
377 
378 	unlock_new_inode(i);
379 	return i;
380 
381 eio:
382 	ret = -EIO;
383 error:
384 	pr_err("read error for inode 0x%lx\n", pos);
385 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
386 }
387 
388 /*
389  * allocate a new inode
390  */
391 static struct inode *romfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
392 {
393 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
394 
395 	inode = kmem_cache_alloc(romfs_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
396 	return inode ? &inode->vfs_inode : NULL;
397 }
398 
399 /*
400  * return a spent inode to the slab cache
401  */
402 static void romfs_i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
403 {
404 	struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
405 
406 	kmem_cache_free(romfs_inode_cachep, ROMFS_I(inode));
407 }
408 
409 static void romfs_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
410 {
411 	call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, romfs_i_callback);
412 }
413 
414 /*
415  * get filesystem statistics
416  */
417 static int romfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
418 {
419 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
420 	u64 id = 0;
421 
422 	/* When calling huge_encode_dev(),
423 	 * use sb->s_bdev->bd_dev when,
424 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK defined
425 	 * use sb->s_dev when,
426 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK undefined and
427 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD defined
428 	 * leave id as 0 when,
429 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK undefined and
430 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD undefined
431 	 */
432 	if (sb->s_bdev)
433 		id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
434 	else if (sb->s_dev)
435 		id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_dev);
436 
437 	buf->f_type = ROMFS_MAGIC;
438 	buf->f_namelen = ROMFS_MAXFN;
439 	buf->f_bsize = ROMBSIZE;
440 	buf->f_bfree = buf->f_bavail = buf->f_ffree;
441 	buf->f_blocks =
442 		(romfs_maxsize(dentry->d_sb) + ROMBSIZE - 1) >> ROMBSBITS;
443 	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
444 	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);
445 	return 0;
446 }
447 
448 /*
449  * remounting must involve read-only
450  */
451 static int romfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
452 {
453 	sync_filesystem(sb);
454 	*flags |= SB_RDONLY;
455 	return 0;
456 }
457 
458 static const struct super_operations romfs_super_ops = {
459 	.alloc_inode	= romfs_alloc_inode,
460 	.destroy_inode	= romfs_destroy_inode,
461 	.statfs		= romfs_statfs,
462 	.remount_fs	= romfs_remount,
463 };
464 
465 /*
466  * checksum check on part of a romfs filesystem
467  */
468 static __u32 romfs_checksum(const void *data, int size)
469 {
470 	const __be32 *ptr = data;
471 	__u32 sum;
472 
473 	sum = 0;
474 	size >>= 2;
475 	while (size > 0) {
476 		sum += be32_to_cpu(*ptr++);
477 		size--;
478 	}
479 	return sum;
480 }
481 
482 /*
483  * fill in the superblock
484  */
485 static int romfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
486 {
487 	struct romfs_super_block *rsb;
488 	struct inode *root;
489 	unsigned long pos, img_size;
490 	const char *storage;
491 	size_t len;
492 	int ret;
493 
494 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
495 	if (!sb->s_mtd) {
496 		sb_set_blocksize(sb, ROMBSIZE);
497 	} else {
498 		sb->s_blocksize = ROMBSIZE;
499 		sb->s_blocksize_bits = blksize_bits(ROMBSIZE);
500 	}
501 #endif
502 
503 	sb->s_maxbytes = 0xFFFFFFFF;
504 	sb->s_magic = ROMFS_MAGIC;
505 	sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY | SB_NOATIME;
506 	sb->s_op = &romfs_super_ops;
507 
508 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
509 	/* Use same dev ID from the underlying mtdblock device */
510 	if (sb->s_mtd)
511 		sb->s_dev = MKDEV(MTD_BLOCK_MAJOR, sb->s_mtd->index);
512 #endif
513 	/* read the image superblock and check it */
514 	rsb = kmalloc(512, GFP_KERNEL);
515 	if (!rsb)
516 		return -ENOMEM;
517 
518 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) 512;
519 	ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, 0, rsb, 512);
520 	if (ret < 0)
521 		goto error_rsb;
522 
523 	img_size = be32_to_cpu(rsb->size);
524 
525 	if (sb->s_mtd && img_size > sb->s_mtd->size)
526 		goto error_rsb_inval;
527 
528 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) img_size;
529 
530 	if (rsb->word0 != ROMSB_WORD0 || rsb->word1 != ROMSB_WORD1 ||
531 	    img_size < ROMFH_SIZE) {
532 		if (!silent)
533 			pr_warn("VFS: Can't find a romfs filesystem on dev %s.\n",
534 			       sb->s_id);
535 		goto error_rsb_inval;
536 	}
537 
538 	if (romfs_checksum(rsb, min_t(size_t, img_size, 512))) {
539 		pr_err("bad initial checksum on dev %s.\n", sb->s_id);
540 		goto error_rsb_inval;
541 	}
542 
543 	storage = sb->s_mtd ? "MTD" : "the block layer";
544 
545 	len = strnlen(rsb->name, ROMFS_MAXFN);
546 	if (!silent)
547 		pr_notice("Mounting image '%*.*s' through %s\n",
548 			  (unsigned) len, (unsigned) len, rsb->name, storage);
549 
550 	kfree(rsb);
551 	rsb = NULL;
552 
553 	/* find the root directory */
554 	pos = (ROMFH_SIZE + len + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
555 
556 	root = romfs_iget(sb, pos);
557 	if (IS_ERR(root))
558 		return PTR_ERR(root);
559 
560 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
561 	if (!sb->s_root)
562 		return -ENOMEM;
563 
564 	return 0;
565 
566 error_rsb_inval:
567 	ret = -EINVAL;
568 error_rsb:
569 	kfree(rsb);
570 	return ret;
571 }
572 
573 /*
574  * get a superblock for mounting
575  */
576 static struct dentry *romfs_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
577 			int flags, const char *dev_name,
578 			void *data)
579 {
580 	struct dentry *ret = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
581 
582 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
583 	ret = mount_mtd(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, romfs_fill_super);
584 #endif
585 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
586 	if (ret == ERR_PTR(-EINVAL))
587 		ret = mount_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data,
588 				  romfs_fill_super);
589 #endif
590 	return ret;
591 }
592 
593 /*
594  * destroy a romfs superblock in the appropriate manner
595  */
596 static void romfs_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
597 {
598 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
599 	if (sb->s_mtd) {
600 		kill_mtd_super(sb);
601 		return;
602 	}
603 #endif
604 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
605 	if (sb->s_bdev) {
606 		kill_block_super(sb);
607 		return;
608 	}
609 #endif
610 }
611 
612 static struct file_system_type romfs_fs_type = {
613 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
614 	.name		= "romfs",
615 	.mount		= romfs_mount,
616 	.kill_sb	= romfs_kill_sb,
617 	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
618 };
619 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("romfs");
620 
621 /*
622  * inode storage initialiser
623  */
624 static void romfs_i_init_once(void *_inode)
625 {
626 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode = _inode;
627 
628 	inode_init_once(&inode->vfs_inode);
629 }
630 
631 /*
632  * romfs module initialisation
633  */
634 static int __init init_romfs_fs(void)
635 {
636 	int ret;
637 
638 	pr_info("ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.\n");
639 
640 	romfs_inode_cachep =
641 		kmem_cache_create("romfs_i",
642 				  sizeof(struct romfs_inode_info), 0,
643 				  SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_MEM_SPREAD |
644 				  SLAB_ACCOUNT, romfs_i_init_once);
645 
646 	if (!romfs_inode_cachep) {
647 		pr_err("Failed to initialise inode cache\n");
648 		return -ENOMEM;
649 	}
650 	ret = register_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
651 	if (ret) {
652 		pr_err("Failed to register filesystem\n");
653 		goto error_register;
654 	}
655 	return 0;
656 
657 error_register:
658 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
659 	return ret;
660 }
661 
662 /*
663  * romfs module removal
664  */
665 static void __exit exit_romfs_fs(void)
666 {
667 	unregister_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
668 	/*
669 	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
670 	 * destroy cache.
671 	 */
672 	rcu_barrier();
673 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
674 }
675 
676 module_init(init_romfs_fs);
677 module_exit(exit_romfs_fs);
678 
679 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Direct-MTD Capable RomFS");
680 MODULE_AUTHOR("Red Hat, Inc.");
681 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); /* Actually dual-licensed, but it doesn't matter for */
682