xref: /linux/fs/romfs/super.c (revision a262cc8d554217fbe67e083159584beee3ea9b11)
1 /* Block- or MTD-based romfs
2  *
3  * Copyright © 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
5  *
6  * Derived from: ROMFS file system, Linux implementation
7  *
8  * Copyright © 1997-1999  Janos Farkas <chexum@shadow.banki.hu>
9  *
10  * Using parts of the minix filesystem
11  * Copyright © 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
12  *
13  * and parts of the affs filesystem additionally
14  * Copyright © 1993  Ray Burr
15  * Copyright © 1996  Hans-Joachim Widmaier
16  *
17  * Changes
18  *					Changed for 2.1.19 modules
19  *	Jan 1997			Initial release
20  *	Jun 1997			2.1.43+ changes
21  *					Proper page locking in read_folio
22  *					Changed to work with 2.1.45+ fs
23  *	Jul 1997			Fixed follow_link
24  *			2.1.47
25  *					lookup shouldn't return -ENOENT
26  *					from Horst von Brand:
27  *					  fail on wrong checksum
28  *					  double unlock_super was possible
29  *					  correct namelen for statfs
30  *					spotted by Bill Hawes:
31  *					  readlink shouldn't iput()
32  *	Jun 1998	2.1.106		from Avery Pennarun: glibc scandir()
33  *					  exposed a problem in readdir
34  *			2.1.107		code-freeze spellchecker run
35  *	Aug 1998			2.1.118+ VFS changes
36  *	Sep 1998	2.1.122		another VFS change (follow_link)
37  *	Apr 1999	2.2.7		no more EBADF checking in
38  *					  lookup/readdir, use ERR_PTR
39  *	Jun 1999	2.3.6		d_alloc_root use changed
40  *			2.3.9		clean up usage of ENOENT/negative
41  *					  dentries in lookup
42  *					clean up page flags setting
43  *					  (error, uptodate, locking) in
44  *					  in read_folio
45  *					use init_special_inode for
46  *					  fifos/sockets (and streamline) in
47  *					  read_inode, fix _ops table order
48  *	Aug 1999	2.3.16		__initfunc() => __init change
49  *	Oct 1999	2.3.24		page->owner hack obsoleted
50  *	Nov 1999	2.3.27		2.3.25+ page->offset => index change
51  *
52  *
53  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
54  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
55  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
56  * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
57  */
58 
59 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
60 
61 #include <linux/module.h>
62 #include <linux/string.h>
63 #include <linux/fs.h>
64 #include <linux/time.h>
65 #include <linux/slab.h>
66 #include <linux/init.h>
67 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
68 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
69 #include <linux/mount.h>
70 #include <linux/namei.h>
71 #include <linux/statfs.h>
72 #include <linux/mtd/super.h>
73 #include <linux/ctype.h>
74 #include <linux/highmem.h>
75 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
76 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
77 #include <linux/major.h>
78 #include "internal.h"
79 
80 static struct kmem_cache *romfs_inode_cachep;
81 
82 static const umode_t romfs_modemap[8] = {
83 	0,			/* hard link */
84 	S_IFDIR  | 0644,	/* directory */
85 	S_IFREG  | 0644,	/* regular file */
86 	S_IFLNK  | 0777,	/* symlink */
87 	S_IFBLK  | 0600,	/* blockdev */
88 	S_IFCHR  | 0600,	/* chardev */
89 	S_IFSOCK | 0644,	/* socket */
90 	S_IFIFO  | 0644		/* FIFO */
91 };
92 
93 static const unsigned char romfs_dtype_table[] = {
94 	DT_UNKNOWN, DT_DIR, DT_REG, DT_LNK, DT_BLK, DT_CHR, DT_SOCK, DT_FIFO
95 };
96 
97 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos);
98 
99 /*
100  * read a page worth of data from the image
101  */
102 static int romfs_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
103 {
104 	struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
105 	loff_t offset, size;
106 	unsigned long fillsize, pos;
107 	void *buf;
108 	int ret;
109 
110 	buf = kmap_local_folio(folio, 0);
111 
112 	offset = folio_pos(folio);
113 	size = i_size_read(inode);
114 	fillsize = 0;
115 	ret = 0;
116 	if (offset < size) {
117 		size -= offset;
118 		fillsize = size > PAGE_SIZE ? PAGE_SIZE : size;
119 
120 		pos = ROMFS_I(inode)->i_dataoffset + offset;
121 
122 		ret = romfs_dev_read(inode->i_sb, pos, buf, fillsize);
123 		if (ret < 0) {
124 			fillsize = 0;
125 			ret = -EIO;
126 		}
127 	}
128 
129 	buf = folio_zero_tail(folio, fillsize, buf + fillsize);
130 	kunmap_local(buf);
131 	folio_end_read(folio, ret == 0);
132 	return ret;
133 }
134 
135 static const struct address_space_operations romfs_aops = {
136 	.read_folio	= romfs_read_folio
137 };
138 
139 /*
140  * read the entries from a directory
141  */
142 static int romfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
143 {
144 	struct inode *i = file_inode(file);
145 	struct romfs_inode ri;
146 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
147 	int j, ino, nextfh;
148 	char fsname[ROMFS_MAXFN];	/* XXX dynamic? */
149 	int ret;
150 
151 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(i->i_sb);
152 
153 	offset = ctx->pos;
154 	if (!offset) {
155 		offset = i->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
156 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
157 		if (ret < 0)
158 			goto out;
159 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
160 	}
161 
162 	/* Not really failsafe, but we are read-only... */
163 	for (;;) {
164 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff) {
165 			offset = maxoff;
166 			ctx->pos = offset;
167 			goto out;
168 		}
169 		ctx->pos = offset;
170 
171 		/* Fetch inode info */
172 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
173 		if (ret < 0)
174 			goto out;
175 
176 		j = romfs_dev_strnlen(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE,
177 				      sizeof(fsname) - 1);
178 		if (j < 0)
179 			goto out;
180 
181 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, fsname, j);
182 		if (ret < 0)
183 			goto out;
184 		fsname[j] = '\0';
185 
186 		ino = offset;
187 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
188 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
189 			ino = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
190 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, fsname, j, ino,
191 			    romfs_dtype_table[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE]))
192 			goto out;
193 
194 		offset = nextfh & ROMFH_MASK;
195 	}
196 out:
197 	return 0;
198 }
199 
200 /*
201  * look up an entry in a directory
202  */
203 static struct dentry *romfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
204 				   unsigned int flags)
205 {
206 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
207 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
208 	struct romfs_inode ri;
209 	const char *name;		/* got from dentry */
210 	int len, ret;
211 
212 	offset = dir->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
213 	ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
214 	if (ret < 0)
215 		goto error;
216 
217 	/* search all the file entries in the list starting from the one
218 	 * pointed to by the directory's special data */
219 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(dir->i_sb);
220 	offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
221 
222 	name = dentry->d_name.name;
223 	len = dentry->d_name.len;
224 
225 	for (;;) {
226 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff)
227 			break;
228 
229 		ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, sizeof(ri));
230 		if (ret < 0)
231 			goto error;
232 
233 		/* try to match the first 16 bytes of name */
234 		ret = romfs_dev_strcmp(dir->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, name,
235 				       len);
236 		if (ret < 0)
237 			goto error;
238 		if (ret == 1) {
239 			/* Hard link handling */
240 			if ((be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
241 				offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
242 			inode = romfs_iget(dir->i_sb, offset);
243 			break;
244 		}
245 
246 		/* next entry */
247 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_MASK;
248 	}
249 
250 	return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
251 error:
252 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
253 }
254 
255 static const struct file_operations romfs_dir_operations = {
256 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
257 	.iterate_shared	= romfs_readdir,
258 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
259 };
260 
261 static const struct inode_operations romfs_dir_inode_operations = {
262 	.lookup		= romfs_lookup,
263 };
264 
265 /*
266  * get a romfs inode based on its position in the image (which doubles as the
267  * inode number)
268  */
269 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos)
270 {
271 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
272 	struct romfs_inode ri;
273 	struct inode *i;
274 	unsigned long nlen;
275 	unsigned nextfh;
276 	int ret;
277 	umode_t mode;
278 
279 	/* we might have to traverse a chain of "hard link" file entries to get
280 	 * to the actual file */
281 	for (;;) {
282 		ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, pos, &ri, sizeof(ri));
283 		if (ret < 0)
284 			goto error;
285 
286 		/* XXX: do romfs_checksum here too (with name) */
287 
288 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
289 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) != ROMFH_HRD)
290 			break;
291 
292 		pos = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
293 	}
294 
295 	/* determine the length of the filename */
296 	nlen = romfs_dev_strnlen(sb, pos + ROMFH_SIZE, ROMFS_MAXFN);
297 	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(nlen))
298 		goto eio;
299 
300 	/* get an inode for this image position */
301 	i = iget_locked(sb, pos);
302 	if (!i)
303 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
304 
305 	if (!(i->i_state & I_NEW))
306 		return i;
307 
308 	/* precalculate the data offset */
309 	inode = ROMFS_I(i);
310 	inode->i_metasize = (ROMFH_SIZE + nlen + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
311 	inode->i_dataoffset = pos + inode->i_metasize;
312 
313 	set_nlink(i, 1);		/* Hard to decide.. */
314 	i->i_size = be32_to_cpu(ri.size);
315 	inode_set_mtime_to_ts(i,
316 			      inode_set_atime_to_ts(i, inode_set_ctime(i, 0, 0)));
317 
318 	/* set up mode and ops */
319 	mode = romfs_modemap[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE];
320 
321 	switch (nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) {
322 	case ROMFH_DIR:
323 		i->i_size = ROMFS_I(i)->i_metasize;
324 		i->i_op = &romfs_dir_inode_operations;
325 		i->i_fop = &romfs_dir_operations;
326 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
327 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
328 		break;
329 	case ROMFH_REG:
330 		i->i_fop = &romfs_ro_fops;
331 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
332 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
333 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
334 		break;
335 	case ROMFH_SYM:
336 		i->i_op = &page_symlink_inode_operations;
337 		inode_nohighmem(i);
338 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
339 		mode |= S_IRWXUGO;
340 		break;
341 	default:
342 		/* depending on MBZ for sock/fifos */
343 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
344 		init_special_inode(i, mode, MKDEV(nextfh >> 16,
345 						  nextfh & 0xffff));
346 		break;
347 	}
348 
349 	i->i_mode = mode;
350 	i->i_blocks = (i->i_size + 511) >> 9;
351 
352 	unlock_new_inode(i);
353 	return i;
354 
355 eio:
356 	ret = -EIO;
357 error:
358 	pr_err("read error for inode 0x%lx\n", pos);
359 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
360 }
361 
362 /*
363  * allocate a new inode
364  */
365 static struct inode *romfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
366 {
367 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
368 
369 	inode = alloc_inode_sb(sb, romfs_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
370 	return inode ? &inode->vfs_inode : NULL;
371 }
372 
373 /*
374  * return a spent inode to the slab cache
375  */
376 static void romfs_free_inode(struct inode *inode)
377 {
378 	kmem_cache_free(romfs_inode_cachep, ROMFS_I(inode));
379 }
380 
381 /*
382  * get filesystem statistics
383  */
384 static int romfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
385 {
386 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
387 	u64 id = 0;
388 
389 	/* When calling huge_encode_dev(),
390 	 * use sb->s_bdev->bd_dev when,
391 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK defined
392 	 * use sb->s_dev when,
393 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK undefined and
394 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD defined
395 	 * leave id as 0 when,
396 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK undefined and
397 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD undefined
398 	 */
399 	if (sb->s_bdev)
400 		id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
401 	else if (sb->s_dev)
402 		id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_dev);
403 
404 	buf->f_type = ROMFS_MAGIC;
405 	buf->f_namelen = ROMFS_MAXFN;
406 	buf->f_bsize = ROMBSIZE;
407 	buf->f_bfree = buf->f_bavail = buf->f_ffree;
408 	buf->f_blocks =
409 		(romfs_maxsize(dentry->d_sb) + ROMBSIZE - 1) >> ROMBSBITS;
410 	buf->f_fsid = u64_to_fsid(id);
411 	return 0;
412 }
413 
414 /*
415  * remounting must involve read-only
416  */
417 static int romfs_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc)
418 {
419 	sync_filesystem(fc->root->d_sb);
420 	fc->sb_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
421 	return 0;
422 }
423 
424 static const struct super_operations romfs_super_ops = {
425 	.alloc_inode	= romfs_alloc_inode,
426 	.free_inode	= romfs_free_inode,
427 	.statfs		= romfs_statfs,
428 };
429 
430 /*
431  * checksum check on part of a romfs filesystem
432  */
433 static __u32 romfs_checksum(const void *data, int size)
434 {
435 	const __be32 *ptr = data;
436 	__u32 sum;
437 
438 	sum = 0;
439 	size >>= 2;
440 	while (size > 0) {
441 		sum += be32_to_cpu(*ptr++);
442 		size--;
443 	}
444 	return sum;
445 }
446 
447 /*
448  * fill in the superblock
449  */
450 static int romfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc)
451 {
452 	struct romfs_super_block *rsb;
453 	struct inode *root;
454 	unsigned long pos, img_size;
455 	const char *storage;
456 	size_t len;
457 	int ret;
458 
459 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
460 	if (!sb->s_mtd) {
461 		sb_set_blocksize(sb, ROMBSIZE);
462 	} else {
463 		sb->s_blocksize = ROMBSIZE;
464 		sb->s_blocksize_bits = blksize_bits(ROMBSIZE);
465 	}
466 #endif
467 
468 	sb->s_maxbytes = 0xFFFFFFFF;
469 	sb->s_magic = ROMFS_MAGIC;
470 	sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY | SB_NOATIME;
471 	sb->s_time_min = 0;
472 	sb->s_time_max = 0;
473 	sb->s_op = &romfs_super_ops;
474 
475 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
476 	/* Use same dev ID from the underlying mtdblock device */
477 	if (sb->s_mtd)
478 		sb->s_dev = MKDEV(MTD_BLOCK_MAJOR, sb->s_mtd->index);
479 #endif
480 	/* read the image superblock and check it */
481 	rsb = kmalloc(512, GFP_KERNEL);
482 	if (!rsb)
483 		return -ENOMEM;
484 
485 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) 512;
486 	ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, 0, rsb, 512);
487 	if (ret < 0)
488 		goto error_rsb;
489 
490 	img_size = be32_to_cpu(rsb->size);
491 
492 	if (sb->s_mtd && img_size > sb->s_mtd->size)
493 		goto error_rsb_inval;
494 
495 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) img_size;
496 
497 	if (rsb->word0 != ROMSB_WORD0 || rsb->word1 != ROMSB_WORD1 ||
498 	    img_size < ROMFH_SIZE) {
499 		if (!(fc->sb_flags & SB_SILENT))
500 			errorf(fc, "VFS: Can't find a romfs filesystem on dev %s.\n",
501 			       sb->s_id);
502 		goto error_rsb_inval;
503 	}
504 
505 	if (romfs_checksum(rsb, min_t(size_t, img_size, 512))) {
506 		pr_err("bad initial checksum on dev %s.\n", sb->s_id);
507 		goto error_rsb_inval;
508 	}
509 
510 	storage = sb->s_mtd ? "MTD" : "the block layer";
511 
512 	len = strnlen(rsb->name, ROMFS_MAXFN);
513 	if (!(fc->sb_flags & SB_SILENT))
514 		pr_notice("Mounting image '%*.*s' through %s\n",
515 			  (unsigned) len, (unsigned) len, rsb->name, storage);
516 
517 	kfree(rsb);
518 	rsb = NULL;
519 
520 	/* find the root directory */
521 	pos = (ROMFH_SIZE + len + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
522 
523 	root = romfs_iget(sb, pos);
524 	if (IS_ERR(root))
525 		return PTR_ERR(root);
526 
527 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
528 	if (!sb->s_root)
529 		return -ENOMEM;
530 
531 	return 0;
532 
533 error_rsb_inval:
534 	ret = -EINVAL;
535 error_rsb:
536 	kfree(rsb);
537 	return ret;
538 }
539 
540 /*
541  * get a superblock for mounting
542  */
543 static int romfs_get_tree(struct fs_context *fc)
544 {
545 	int ret = -EINVAL;
546 
547 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
548 	ret = get_tree_mtd(fc, romfs_fill_super);
549 #endif
550 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
551 	if (ret == -EINVAL)
552 		ret = get_tree_bdev(fc, romfs_fill_super);
553 #endif
554 	return ret;
555 }
556 
557 static const struct fs_context_operations romfs_context_ops = {
558 	.get_tree	= romfs_get_tree,
559 	.reconfigure	= romfs_reconfigure,
560 };
561 
562 /*
563  * Set up the filesystem mount context.
564  */
565 static int romfs_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
566 {
567 	fc->ops = &romfs_context_ops;
568 	return 0;
569 }
570 
571 /*
572  * destroy a romfs superblock in the appropriate manner
573  */
574 static void romfs_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
575 {
576 	generic_shutdown_super(sb);
577 
578 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
579 	if (sb->s_mtd) {
580 		put_mtd_device(sb->s_mtd);
581 		sb->s_mtd = NULL;
582 	}
583 #endif
584 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
585 	if (sb->s_bdev) {
586 		sync_blockdev(sb->s_bdev);
587 		bdev_fput(sb->s_bdev_file);
588 	}
589 #endif
590 }
591 
592 static struct file_system_type romfs_fs_type = {
593 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
594 	.name		= "romfs",
595 	.init_fs_context = romfs_init_fs_context,
596 	.kill_sb	= romfs_kill_sb,
597 	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
598 };
599 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("romfs");
600 
601 /*
602  * inode storage initialiser
603  */
604 static void romfs_i_init_once(void *_inode)
605 {
606 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode = _inode;
607 
608 	inode_init_once(&inode->vfs_inode);
609 }
610 
611 /*
612  * romfs module initialisation
613  */
614 static int __init init_romfs_fs(void)
615 {
616 	int ret;
617 
618 	pr_info("ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.\n");
619 
620 	romfs_inode_cachep =
621 		kmem_cache_create("romfs_i",
622 				  sizeof(struct romfs_inode_info), 0,
623 				  SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_ACCOUNT,
624 				  romfs_i_init_once);
625 
626 	if (!romfs_inode_cachep) {
627 		pr_err("Failed to initialise inode cache\n");
628 		return -ENOMEM;
629 	}
630 	ret = register_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
631 	if (ret) {
632 		pr_err("Failed to register filesystem\n");
633 		goto error_register;
634 	}
635 	return 0;
636 
637 error_register:
638 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
639 	return ret;
640 }
641 
642 /*
643  * romfs module removal
644  */
645 static void __exit exit_romfs_fs(void)
646 {
647 	unregister_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
648 	/*
649 	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
650 	 * destroy cache.
651 	 */
652 	rcu_barrier();
653 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
654 }
655 
656 module_init(init_romfs_fs);
657 module_exit(exit_romfs_fs);
658 
659 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Direct-MTD Capable RomFS");
660 MODULE_AUTHOR("Red Hat, Inc.");
661 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); /* Actually dual-licensed, but it doesn't matter for */
662