xref: /linux/fs/romfs/super.c (revision 3f41368fbfe1b3d5922d317fe1a0a0cab6846802)
1 /* Block- or MTD-based romfs
2  *
3  * Copyright © 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
5  *
6  * Derived from: ROMFS file system, Linux implementation
7  *
8  * Copyright © 1997-1999  Janos Farkas <chexum@shadow.banki.hu>
9  *
10  * Using parts of the minix filesystem
11  * Copyright © 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
12  *
13  * and parts of the affs filesystem additionally
14  * Copyright © 1993  Ray Burr
15  * Copyright © 1996  Hans-Joachim Widmaier
16  *
17  * Changes
18  *					Changed for 2.1.19 modules
19  *	Jan 1997			Initial release
20  *	Jun 1997			2.1.43+ changes
21  *					Proper page locking in read_folio
22  *					Changed to work with 2.1.45+ fs
23  *	Jul 1997			Fixed follow_link
24  *			2.1.47
25  *					lookup shouldn't return -ENOENT
26  *					from Horst von Brand:
27  *					  fail on wrong checksum
28  *					  double unlock_super was possible
29  *					  correct namelen for statfs
30  *					spotted by Bill Hawes:
31  *					  readlink shouldn't iput()
32  *	Jun 1998	2.1.106		from Avery Pennarun: glibc scandir()
33  *					  exposed a problem in readdir
34  *			2.1.107		code-freeze spellchecker run
35  *	Aug 1998			2.1.118+ VFS changes
36  *	Sep 1998	2.1.122		another VFS change (follow_link)
37  *	Apr 1999	2.2.7		no more EBADF checking in
38  *					  lookup/readdir, use ERR_PTR
39  *	Jun 1999	2.3.6		d_alloc_root use changed
40  *			2.3.9		clean up usage of ENOENT/negative
41  *					  dentries in lookup
42  *					clean up page flags setting
43  *					  (error, uptodate, locking) in
44  *					  in read_folio
45  *					use init_special_inode for
46  *					  fifos/sockets (and streamline) in
47  *					  read_inode, fix _ops table order
48  *	Aug 1999	2.3.16		__initfunc() => __init change
49  *	Oct 1999	2.3.24		page->owner hack obsoleted
50  *	Nov 1999	2.3.27		2.3.25+ page->offset => index change
51  *
52  *
53  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
54  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
55  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
56  * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
57  */
58 
59 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
60 
61 #include <linux/module.h>
62 #include <linux/string.h>
63 #include <linux/fs.h>
64 #include <linux/time.h>
65 #include <linux/slab.h>
66 #include <linux/init.h>
67 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
68 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
69 #include <linux/mount.h>
70 #include <linux/namei.h>
71 #include <linux/statfs.h>
72 #include <linux/mtd/super.h>
73 #include <linux/ctype.h>
74 #include <linux/highmem.h>
75 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
76 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
77 #include <linux/major.h>
78 #include "internal.h"
79 
80 static struct kmem_cache *romfs_inode_cachep;
81 
82 static const umode_t romfs_modemap[8] = {
83 	0,			/* hard link */
84 	S_IFDIR  | 0644,	/* directory */
85 	S_IFREG  | 0644,	/* regular file */
86 	S_IFLNK  | 0777,	/* symlink */
87 	S_IFBLK  | 0600,	/* blockdev */
88 	S_IFCHR  | 0600,	/* chardev */
89 	S_IFSOCK | 0644,	/* socket */
90 	S_IFIFO  | 0644		/* FIFO */
91 };
92 
93 static const unsigned char romfs_dtype_table[] = {
94 	DT_UNKNOWN, DT_DIR, DT_REG, DT_LNK, DT_BLK, DT_CHR, DT_SOCK, DT_FIFO
95 };
96 
97 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos);
98 
99 /*
100  * read a page worth of data from the image
101  */
102 static int romfs_read_folio(struct file *file, struct folio *folio)
103 {
104 	struct page *page = &folio->page;
105 	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
106 	loff_t offset, size;
107 	unsigned long fillsize, pos;
108 	void *buf;
109 	int ret;
110 
111 	buf = kmap(page);
112 	if (!buf)
113 		return -ENOMEM;
114 
115 	/* 32 bit warning -- but not for us :) */
116 	offset = page_offset(page);
117 	size = i_size_read(inode);
118 	fillsize = 0;
119 	ret = 0;
120 	if (offset < size) {
121 		size -= offset;
122 		fillsize = size > PAGE_SIZE ? PAGE_SIZE : size;
123 
124 		pos = ROMFS_I(inode)->i_dataoffset + offset;
125 
126 		ret = romfs_dev_read(inode->i_sb, pos, buf, fillsize);
127 		if (ret < 0) {
128 			SetPageError(page);
129 			fillsize = 0;
130 			ret = -EIO;
131 		}
132 	}
133 
134 	if (fillsize < PAGE_SIZE)
135 		memset(buf + fillsize, 0, PAGE_SIZE - fillsize);
136 	if (ret == 0)
137 		SetPageUptodate(page);
138 
139 	flush_dcache_page(page);
140 	kunmap(page);
141 	unlock_page(page);
142 	return ret;
143 }
144 
145 static const struct address_space_operations romfs_aops = {
146 	.read_folio	= romfs_read_folio
147 };
148 
149 /*
150  * read the entries from a directory
151  */
152 static int romfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
153 {
154 	struct inode *i = file_inode(file);
155 	struct romfs_inode ri;
156 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
157 	int j, ino, nextfh;
158 	char fsname[ROMFS_MAXFN];	/* XXX dynamic? */
159 	int ret;
160 
161 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(i->i_sb);
162 
163 	offset = ctx->pos;
164 	if (!offset) {
165 		offset = i->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
166 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
167 		if (ret < 0)
168 			goto out;
169 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
170 	}
171 
172 	/* Not really failsafe, but we are read-only... */
173 	for (;;) {
174 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff) {
175 			offset = maxoff;
176 			ctx->pos = offset;
177 			goto out;
178 		}
179 		ctx->pos = offset;
180 
181 		/* Fetch inode info */
182 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
183 		if (ret < 0)
184 			goto out;
185 
186 		j = romfs_dev_strnlen(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE,
187 				      sizeof(fsname) - 1);
188 		if (j < 0)
189 			goto out;
190 
191 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, fsname, j);
192 		if (ret < 0)
193 			goto out;
194 		fsname[j] = '\0';
195 
196 		ino = offset;
197 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
198 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
199 			ino = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
200 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, fsname, j, ino,
201 			    romfs_dtype_table[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE]))
202 			goto out;
203 
204 		offset = nextfh & ROMFH_MASK;
205 	}
206 out:
207 	return 0;
208 }
209 
210 /*
211  * look up an entry in a directory
212  */
213 static struct dentry *romfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
214 				   unsigned int flags)
215 {
216 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
217 	struct inode *inode = NULL;
218 	struct romfs_inode ri;
219 	const char *name;		/* got from dentry */
220 	int len, ret;
221 
222 	offset = dir->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
223 	ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
224 	if (ret < 0)
225 		goto error;
226 
227 	/* search all the file entries in the list starting from the one
228 	 * pointed to by the directory's special data */
229 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(dir->i_sb);
230 	offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
231 
232 	name = dentry->d_name.name;
233 	len = dentry->d_name.len;
234 
235 	for (;;) {
236 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff)
237 			break;
238 
239 		ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, sizeof(ri));
240 		if (ret < 0)
241 			goto error;
242 
243 		/* try to match the first 16 bytes of name */
244 		ret = romfs_dev_strcmp(dir->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, name,
245 				       len);
246 		if (ret < 0)
247 			goto error;
248 		if (ret == 1) {
249 			/* Hard link handling */
250 			if ((be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
251 				offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
252 			inode = romfs_iget(dir->i_sb, offset);
253 			break;
254 		}
255 
256 		/* next entry */
257 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_MASK;
258 	}
259 
260 	return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
261 error:
262 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
263 }
264 
265 static const struct file_operations romfs_dir_operations = {
266 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
267 	.iterate_shared	= romfs_readdir,
268 	.llseek		= generic_file_llseek,
269 };
270 
271 static const struct inode_operations romfs_dir_inode_operations = {
272 	.lookup		= romfs_lookup,
273 };
274 
275 /*
276  * get a romfs inode based on its position in the image (which doubles as the
277  * inode number)
278  */
279 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos)
280 {
281 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
282 	struct romfs_inode ri;
283 	struct inode *i;
284 	unsigned long nlen;
285 	unsigned nextfh;
286 	int ret;
287 	umode_t mode;
288 
289 	/* we might have to traverse a chain of "hard link" file entries to get
290 	 * to the actual file */
291 	for (;;) {
292 		ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, pos, &ri, sizeof(ri));
293 		if (ret < 0)
294 			goto error;
295 
296 		/* XXX: do romfs_checksum here too (with name) */
297 
298 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
299 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) != ROMFH_HRD)
300 			break;
301 
302 		pos = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
303 	}
304 
305 	/* determine the length of the filename */
306 	nlen = romfs_dev_strnlen(sb, pos + ROMFH_SIZE, ROMFS_MAXFN);
307 	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(nlen))
308 		goto eio;
309 
310 	/* get an inode for this image position */
311 	i = iget_locked(sb, pos);
312 	if (!i)
313 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
314 
315 	if (!(i->i_state & I_NEW))
316 		return i;
317 
318 	/* precalculate the data offset */
319 	inode = ROMFS_I(i);
320 	inode->i_metasize = (ROMFH_SIZE + nlen + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
321 	inode->i_dataoffset = pos + inode->i_metasize;
322 
323 	set_nlink(i, 1);		/* Hard to decide.. */
324 	i->i_size = be32_to_cpu(ri.size);
325 	inode_set_mtime_to_ts(i,
326 			      inode_set_atime_to_ts(i, inode_set_ctime(i, 0, 0)));
327 
328 	/* set up mode and ops */
329 	mode = romfs_modemap[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE];
330 
331 	switch (nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) {
332 	case ROMFH_DIR:
333 		i->i_size = ROMFS_I(i)->i_metasize;
334 		i->i_op = &romfs_dir_inode_operations;
335 		i->i_fop = &romfs_dir_operations;
336 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
337 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
338 		break;
339 	case ROMFH_REG:
340 		i->i_fop = &romfs_ro_fops;
341 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
342 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
343 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
344 		break;
345 	case ROMFH_SYM:
346 		i->i_op = &page_symlink_inode_operations;
347 		inode_nohighmem(i);
348 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
349 		mode |= S_IRWXUGO;
350 		break;
351 	default:
352 		/* depending on MBZ for sock/fifos */
353 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
354 		init_special_inode(i, mode, MKDEV(nextfh >> 16,
355 						  nextfh & 0xffff));
356 		break;
357 	}
358 
359 	i->i_mode = mode;
360 	i->i_blocks = (i->i_size + 511) >> 9;
361 
362 	unlock_new_inode(i);
363 	return i;
364 
365 eio:
366 	ret = -EIO;
367 error:
368 	pr_err("read error for inode 0x%lx\n", pos);
369 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
370 }
371 
372 /*
373  * allocate a new inode
374  */
375 static struct inode *romfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
376 {
377 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
378 
379 	inode = alloc_inode_sb(sb, romfs_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
380 	return inode ? &inode->vfs_inode : NULL;
381 }
382 
383 /*
384  * return a spent inode to the slab cache
385  */
386 static void romfs_free_inode(struct inode *inode)
387 {
388 	kmem_cache_free(romfs_inode_cachep, ROMFS_I(inode));
389 }
390 
391 /*
392  * get filesystem statistics
393  */
394 static int romfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
395 {
396 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
397 	u64 id = 0;
398 
399 	/* When calling huge_encode_dev(),
400 	 * use sb->s_bdev->bd_dev when,
401 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK defined
402 	 * use sb->s_dev when,
403 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK undefined and
404 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD defined
405 	 * leave id as 0 when,
406 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK undefined and
407 	 *   - CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD undefined
408 	 */
409 	if (sb->s_bdev)
410 		id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
411 	else if (sb->s_dev)
412 		id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_dev);
413 
414 	buf->f_type = ROMFS_MAGIC;
415 	buf->f_namelen = ROMFS_MAXFN;
416 	buf->f_bsize = ROMBSIZE;
417 	buf->f_bfree = buf->f_bavail = buf->f_ffree;
418 	buf->f_blocks =
419 		(romfs_maxsize(dentry->d_sb) + ROMBSIZE - 1) >> ROMBSBITS;
420 	buf->f_fsid = u64_to_fsid(id);
421 	return 0;
422 }
423 
424 /*
425  * remounting must involve read-only
426  */
427 static int romfs_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc)
428 {
429 	sync_filesystem(fc->root->d_sb);
430 	fc->sb_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
431 	return 0;
432 }
433 
434 static const struct super_operations romfs_super_ops = {
435 	.alloc_inode	= romfs_alloc_inode,
436 	.free_inode	= romfs_free_inode,
437 	.statfs		= romfs_statfs,
438 };
439 
440 /*
441  * checksum check on part of a romfs filesystem
442  */
443 static __u32 romfs_checksum(const void *data, int size)
444 {
445 	const __be32 *ptr = data;
446 	__u32 sum;
447 
448 	sum = 0;
449 	size >>= 2;
450 	while (size > 0) {
451 		sum += be32_to_cpu(*ptr++);
452 		size--;
453 	}
454 	return sum;
455 }
456 
457 /*
458  * fill in the superblock
459  */
460 static int romfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc)
461 {
462 	struct romfs_super_block *rsb;
463 	struct inode *root;
464 	unsigned long pos, img_size;
465 	const char *storage;
466 	size_t len;
467 	int ret;
468 
469 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
470 	if (!sb->s_mtd) {
471 		sb_set_blocksize(sb, ROMBSIZE);
472 	} else {
473 		sb->s_blocksize = ROMBSIZE;
474 		sb->s_blocksize_bits = blksize_bits(ROMBSIZE);
475 	}
476 #endif
477 
478 	sb->s_maxbytes = 0xFFFFFFFF;
479 	sb->s_magic = ROMFS_MAGIC;
480 	sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY | SB_NOATIME;
481 	sb->s_time_min = 0;
482 	sb->s_time_max = 0;
483 	sb->s_op = &romfs_super_ops;
484 
485 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
486 	/* Use same dev ID from the underlying mtdblock device */
487 	if (sb->s_mtd)
488 		sb->s_dev = MKDEV(MTD_BLOCK_MAJOR, sb->s_mtd->index);
489 #endif
490 	/* read the image superblock and check it */
491 	rsb = kmalloc(512, GFP_KERNEL);
492 	if (!rsb)
493 		return -ENOMEM;
494 
495 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) 512;
496 	ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, 0, rsb, 512);
497 	if (ret < 0)
498 		goto error_rsb;
499 
500 	img_size = be32_to_cpu(rsb->size);
501 
502 	if (sb->s_mtd && img_size > sb->s_mtd->size)
503 		goto error_rsb_inval;
504 
505 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) img_size;
506 
507 	if (rsb->word0 != ROMSB_WORD0 || rsb->word1 != ROMSB_WORD1 ||
508 	    img_size < ROMFH_SIZE) {
509 		if (!(fc->sb_flags & SB_SILENT))
510 			errorf(fc, "VFS: Can't find a romfs filesystem on dev %s.\n",
511 			       sb->s_id);
512 		goto error_rsb_inval;
513 	}
514 
515 	if (romfs_checksum(rsb, min_t(size_t, img_size, 512))) {
516 		pr_err("bad initial checksum on dev %s.\n", sb->s_id);
517 		goto error_rsb_inval;
518 	}
519 
520 	storage = sb->s_mtd ? "MTD" : "the block layer";
521 
522 	len = strnlen(rsb->name, ROMFS_MAXFN);
523 	if (!(fc->sb_flags & SB_SILENT))
524 		pr_notice("Mounting image '%*.*s' through %s\n",
525 			  (unsigned) len, (unsigned) len, rsb->name, storage);
526 
527 	kfree(rsb);
528 	rsb = NULL;
529 
530 	/* find the root directory */
531 	pos = (ROMFH_SIZE + len + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
532 
533 	root = romfs_iget(sb, pos);
534 	if (IS_ERR(root))
535 		return PTR_ERR(root);
536 
537 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
538 	if (!sb->s_root)
539 		return -ENOMEM;
540 
541 	return 0;
542 
543 error_rsb_inval:
544 	ret = -EINVAL;
545 error_rsb:
546 	kfree(rsb);
547 	return ret;
548 }
549 
550 /*
551  * get a superblock for mounting
552  */
553 static int romfs_get_tree(struct fs_context *fc)
554 {
555 	int ret = -EINVAL;
556 
557 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
558 	ret = get_tree_mtd(fc, romfs_fill_super);
559 #endif
560 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
561 	if (ret == -EINVAL)
562 		ret = get_tree_bdev(fc, romfs_fill_super);
563 #endif
564 	return ret;
565 }
566 
567 static const struct fs_context_operations romfs_context_ops = {
568 	.get_tree	= romfs_get_tree,
569 	.reconfigure	= romfs_reconfigure,
570 };
571 
572 /*
573  * Set up the filesystem mount context.
574  */
575 static int romfs_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc)
576 {
577 	fc->ops = &romfs_context_ops;
578 	return 0;
579 }
580 
581 /*
582  * destroy a romfs superblock in the appropriate manner
583  */
584 static void romfs_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
585 {
586 	generic_shutdown_super(sb);
587 
588 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
589 	if (sb->s_mtd) {
590 		put_mtd_device(sb->s_mtd);
591 		sb->s_mtd = NULL;
592 	}
593 #endif
594 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
595 	if (sb->s_bdev) {
596 		sync_blockdev(sb->s_bdev);
597 		bdev_fput(sb->s_bdev_file);
598 	}
599 #endif
600 }
601 
602 static struct file_system_type romfs_fs_type = {
603 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
604 	.name		= "romfs",
605 	.init_fs_context = romfs_init_fs_context,
606 	.kill_sb	= romfs_kill_sb,
607 	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
608 };
609 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("romfs");
610 
611 /*
612  * inode storage initialiser
613  */
614 static void romfs_i_init_once(void *_inode)
615 {
616 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode = _inode;
617 
618 	inode_init_once(&inode->vfs_inode);
619 }
620 
621 /*
622  * romfs module initialisation
623  */
624 static int __init init_romfs_fs(void)
625 {
626 	int ret;
627 
628 	pr_info("ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.\n");
629 
630 	romfs_inode_cachep =
631 		kmem_cache_create("romfs_i",
632 				  sizeof(struct romfs_inode_info), 0,
633 				  SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_ACCOUNT,
634 				  romfs_i_init_once);
635 
636 	if (!romfs_inode_cachep) {
637 		pr_err("Failed to initialise inode cache\n");
638 		return -ENOMEM;
639 	}
640 	ret = register_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
641 	if (ret) {
642 		pr_err("Failed to register filesystem\n");
643 		goto error_register;
644 	}
645 	return 0;
646 
647 error_register:
648 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
649 	return ret;
650 }
651 
652 /*
653  * romfs module removal
654  */
655 static void __exit exit_romfs_fs(void)
656 {
657 	unregister_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
658 	/*
659 	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
660 	 * destroy cache.
661 	 */
662 	rcu_barrier();
663 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
664 }
665 
666 module_init(init_romfs_fs);
667 module_exit(exit_romfs_fs);
668 
669 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Direct-MTD Capable RomFS");
670 MODULE_AUTHOR("Red Hat, Inc.");
671 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); /* Actually dual-licensed, but it doesn't matter for */
672