xref: /linux/fs/romfs/super.c (revision 2ba9268dd603d23e17643437b2246acb6844953b)
1 /* Block- or MTD-based romfs
2  *
3  * Copyright © 2007 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4  * Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
5  *
6  * Derived from: ROMFS file system, Linux implementation
7  *
8  * Copyright © 1997-1999  Janos Farkas <chexum@shadow.banki.hu>
9  *
10  * Using parts of the minix filesystem
11  * Copyright © 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
12  *
13  * and parts of the affs filesystem additionally
14  * Copyright © 1993  Ray Burr
15  * Copyright © 1996  Hans-Joachim Widmaier
16  *
17  * Changes
18  *					Changed for 2.1.19 modules
19  *	Jan 1997			Initial release
20  *	Jun 1997			2.1.43+ changes
21  *					Proper page locking in readpage
22  *					Changed to work with 2.1.45+ fs
23  *	Jul 1997			Fixed follow_link
24  *			2.1.47
25  *					lookup shouldn't return -ENOENT
26  *					from Horst von Brand:
27  *					  fail on wrong checksum
28  *					  double unlock_super was possible
29  *					  correct namelen for statfs
30  *					spotted by Bill Hawes:
31  *					  readlink shouldn't iput()
32  *	Jun 1998	2.1.106		from Avery Pennarun: glibc scandir()
33  *					  exposed a problem in readdir
34  *			2.1.107		code-freeze spellchecker run
35  *	Aug 1998			2.1.118+ VFS changes
36  *	Sep 1998	2.1.122		another VFS change (follow_link)
37  *	Apr 1999	2.2.7		no more EBADF checking in
38  *					  lookup/readdir, use ERR_PTR
39  *	Jun 1999	2.3.6		d_alloc_root use changed
40  *			2.3.9		clean up usage of ENOENT/negative
41  *					  dentries in lookup
42  *					clean up page flags setting
43  *					  (error, uptodate, locking) in
44  *					  in readpage
45  *					use init_special_inode for
46  *					  fifos/sockets (and streamline) in
47  *					  read_inode, fix _ops table order
48  *	Aug 1999	2.3.16		__initfunc() => __init change
49  *	Oct 1999	2.3.24		page->owner hack obsoleted
50  *	Nov 1999	2.3.27		2.3.25+ page->offset => index change
51  *
52  *
53  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
54  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence
55  * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version
56  * 2 of the Licence, or (at your option) any later version.
57  */
58 
59 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
60 
61 #include <linux/module.h>
62 #include <linux/string.h>
63 #include <linux/fs.h>
64 #include <linux/time.h>
65 #include <linux/slab.h>
66 #include <linux/init.h>
67 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
68 #include <linux/parser.h>
69 #include <linux/mount.h>
70 #include <linux/namei.h>
71 #include <linux/statfs.h>
72 #include <linux/mtd/super.h>
73 #include <linux/ctype.h>
74 #include <linux/highmem.h>
75 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
76 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
77 #include "internal.h"
78 
79 static struct kmem_cache *romfs_inode_cachep;
80 
81 static const umode_t romfs_modemap[8] = {
82 	0,			/* hard link */
83 	S_IFDIR  | 0644,	/* directory */
84 	S_IFREG  | 0644,	/* regular file */
85 	S_IFLNK  | 0777,	/* symlink */
86 	S_IFBLK  | 0600,	/* blockdev */
87 	S_IFCHR  | 0600,	/* chardev */
88 	S_IFSOCK | 0644,	/* socket */
89 	S_IFIFO  | 0644		/* FIFO */
90 };
91 
92 static const unsigned char romfs_dtype_table[] = {
93 	DT_UNKNOWN, DT_DIR, DT_REG, DT_LNK, DT_BLK, DT_CHR, DT_SOCK, DT_FIFO
94 };
95 
96 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos);
97 
98 /*
99  * read a page worth of data from the image
100  */
101 static int romfs_readpage(struct file *file, struct page *page)
102 {
103 	struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
104 	loff_t offset, size;
105 	unsigned long fillsize, pos;
106 	void *buf;
107 	int ret;
108 
109 	buf = kmap(page);
110 	if (!buf)
111 		return -ENOMEM;
112 
113 	/* 32 bit warning -- but not for us :) */
114 	offset = page_offset(page);
115 	size = i_size_read(inode);
116 	fillsize = 0;
117 	ret = 0;
118 	if (offset < size) {
119 		size -= offset;
120 		fillsize = size > PAGE_SIZE ? PAGE_SIZE : size;
121 
122 		pos = ROMFS_I(inode)->i_dataoffset + offset;
123 
124 		ret = romfs_dev_read(inode->i_sb, pos, buf, fillsize);
125 		if (ret < 0) {
126 			SetPageError(page);
127 			fillsize = 0;
128 			ret = -EIO;
129 		}
130 	}
131 
132 	if (fillsize < PAGE_SIZE)
133 		memset(buf + fillsize, 0, PAGE_SIZE - fillsize);
134 	if (ret == 0)
135 		SetPageUptodate(page);
136 
137 	flush_dcache_page(page);
138 	kunmap(page);
139 	unlock_page(page);
140 	return ret;
141 }
142 
143 static const struct address_space_operations romfs_aops = {
144 	.readpage	= romfs_readpage
145 };
146 
147 /*
148  * read the entries from a directory
149  */
150 static int romfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
151 {
152 	struct inode *i = file_inode(file);
153 	struct romfs_inode ri;
154 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
155 	int j, ino, nextfh;
156 	char fsname[ROMFS_MAXFN];	/* XXX dynamic? */
157 	int ret;
158 
159 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(i->i_sb);
160 
161 	offset = ctx->pos;
162 	if (!offset) {
163 		offset = i->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
164 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
165 		if (ret < 0)
166 			goto out;
167 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
168 	}
169 
170 	/* Not really failsafe, but we are read-only... */
171 	for (;;) {
172 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff) {
173 			offset = maxoff;
174 			ctx->pos = offset;
175 			goto out;
176 		}
177 		ctx->pos = offset;
178 
179 		/* Fetch inode info */
180 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
181 		if (ret < 0)
182 			goto out;
183 
184 		j = romfs_dev_strnlen(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE,
185 				      sizeof(fsname) - 1);
186 		if (j < 0)
187 			goto out;
188 
189 		ret = romfs_dev_read(i->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, fsname, j);
190 		if (ret < 0)
191 			goto out;
192 		fsname[j] = '\0';
193 
194 		ino = offset;
195 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
196 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
197 			ino = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
198 		if (!dir_emit(ctx, fsname, j, ino,
199 			    romfs_dtype_table[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE]))
200 			goto out;
201 
202 		offset = nextfh & ROMFH_MASK;
203 	}
204 out:
205 	return 0;
206 }
207 
208 /*
209  * look up an entry in a directory
210  */
211 static struct dentry *romfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
212 				   unsigned int flags)
213 {
214 	unsigned long offset, maxoff;
215 	struct inode *inode;
216 	struct romfs_inode ri;
217 	const char *name;		/* got from dentry */
218 	int len, ret;
219 
220 	offset = dir->i_ino & ROMFH_MASK;
221 	ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, ROMFH_SIZE);
222 	if (ret < 0)
223 		goto error;
224 
225 	/* search all the file entries in the list starting from the one
226 	 * pointed to by the directory's special data */
227 	maxoff = romfs_maxsize(dir->i_sb);
228 	offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
229 
230 	name = dentry->d_name.name;
231 	len = dentry->d_name.len;
232 
233 	for (;;) {
234 		if (!offset || offset >= maxoff)
235 			goto out0;
236 
237 		ret = romfs_dev_read(dir->i_sb, offset, &ri, sizeof(ri));
238 		if (ret < 0)
239 			goto error;
240 
241 		/* try to match the first 16 bytes of name */
242 		ret = romfs_dev_strcmp(dir->i_sb, offset + ROMFH_SIZE, name,
243 				       len);
244 		if (ret < 0)
245 			goto error;
246 		if (ret == 1)
247 			break;
248 
249 		/* next entry */
250 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_MASK;
251 	}
252 
253 	/* Hard link handling */
254 	if ((be32_to_cpu(ri.next) & ROMFH_TYPE) == ROMFH_HRD)
255 		offset = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
256 
257 	inode = romfs_iget(dir->i_sb, offset);
258 	if (IS_ERR(inode)) {
259 		ret = PTR_ERR(inode);
260 		goto error;
261 	}
262 	goto outi;
263 
264 	/*
265 	 * it's a bit funky, _lookup needs to return an error code
266 	 * (negative) or a NULL, both as a dentry.  ENOENT should not
267 	 * be returned, instead we need to create a negative dentry by
268 	 * d_add(dentry, NULL); and return 0 as no error.
269 	 * (Although as I see, it only matters on writable file
270 	 * systems).
271 	 */
272 out0:
273 	inode = NULL;
274 outi:
275 	d_add(dentry, inode);
276 	ret = 0;
277 error:
278 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
279 }
280 
281 static const struct file_operations romfs_dir_operations = {
282 	.read		= generic_read_dir,
283 	.iterate	= romfs_readdir,
284 	.llseek		= default_llseek,
285 };
286 
287 static const struct inode_operations romfs_dir_inode_operations = {
288 	.lookup		= romfs_lookup,
289 };
290 
291 /*
292  * get a romfs inode based on its position in the image (which doubles as the
293  * inode number)
294  */
295 static struct inode *romfs_iget(struct super_block *sb, unsigned long pos)
296 {
297 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
298 	struct romfs_inode ri;
299 	struct inode *i;
300 	unsigned long nlen;
301 	unsigned nextfh;
302 	int ret;
303 	umode_t mode;
304 
305 	/* we might have to traverse a chain of "hard link" file entries to get
306 	 * to the actual file */
307 	for (;;) {
308 		ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, pos, &ri, sizeof(ri));
309 		if (ret < 0)
310 			goto error;
311 
312 		/* XXX: do romfs_checksum here too (with name) */
313 
314 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.next);
315 		if ((nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) != ROMFH_HRD)
316 			break;
317 
318 		pos = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec) & ROMFH_MASK;
319 	}
320 
321 	/* determine the length of the filename */
322 	nlen = romfs_dev_strnlen(sb, pos + ROMFH_SIZE, ROMFS_MAXFN);
323 	if (IS_ERR_VALUE(nlen))
324 		goto eio;
325 
326 	/* get an inode for this image position */
327 	i = iget_locked(sb, pos);
328 	if (!i)
329 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
330 
331 	if (!(i->i_state & I_NEW))
332 		return i;
333 
334 	/* precalculate the data offset */
335 	inode = ROMFS_I(i);
336 	inode->i_metasize = (ROMFH_SIZE + nlen + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
337 	inode->i_dataoffset = pos + inode->i_metasize;
338 
339 	set_nlink(i, 1);		/* Hard to decide.. */
340 	i->i_size = be32_to_cpu(ri.size);
341 	i->i_mtime.tv_sec = i->i_atime.tv_sec = i->i_ctime.tv_sec = 0;
342 	i->i_mtime.tv_nsec = i->i_atime.tv_nsec = i->i_ctime.tv_nsec = 0;
343 
344 	/* set up mode and ops */
345 	mode = romfs_modemap[nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE];
346 
347 	switch (nextfh & ROMFH_TYPE) {
348 	case ROMFH_DIR:
349 		i->i_size = ROMFS_I(i)->i_metasize;
350 		i->i_op = &romfs_dir_inode_operations;
351 		i->i_fop = &romfs_dir_operations;
352 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
353 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
354 		break;
355 	case ROMFH_REG:
356 		i->i_fop = &romfs_ro_fops;
357 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
358 		if (nextfh & ROMFH_EXEC)
359 			mode |= S_IXUGO;
360 		break;
361 	case ROMFH_SYM:
362 		i->i_op = &page_symlink_inode_operations;
363 		i->i_data.a_ops = &romfs_aops;
364 		mode |= S_IRWXUGO;
365 		break;
366 	default:
367 		/* depending on MBZ for sock/fifos */
368 		nextfh = be32_to_cpu(ri.spec);
369 		init_special_inode(i, mode, MKDEV(nextfh >> 16,
370 						  nextfh & 0xffff));
371 		break;
372 	}
373 
374 	i->i_mode = mode;
375 
376 	unlock_new_inode(i);
377 	return i;
378 
379 eio:
380 	ret = -EIO;
381 error:
382 	pr_err("read error for inode 0x%lx\n", pos);
383 	return ERR_PTR(ret);
384 }
385 
386 /*
387  * allocate a new inode
388  */
389 static struct inode *romfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
390 {
391 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode;
392 
393 	inode = kmem_cache_alloc(romfs_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
394 	return inode ? &inode->vfs_inode : NULL;
395 }
396 
397 /*
398  * return a spent inode to the slab cache
399  */
400 static void romfs_i_callback(struct rcu_head *head)
401 {
402 	struct inode *inode = container_of(head, struct inode, i_rcu);
403 
404 	kmem_cache_free(romfs_inode_cachep, ROMFS_I(inode));
405 }
406 
407 static void romfs_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
408 {
409 	call_rcu(&inode->i_rcu, romfs_i_callback);
410 }
411 
412 /*
413  * get filesystem statistics
414  */
415 static int romfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
416 {
417 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
418 	u64 id = huge_encode_dev(sb->s_bdev->bd_dev);
419 
420 	buf->f_type = ROMFS_MAGIC;
421 	buf->f_namelen = ROMFS_MAXFN;
422 	buf->f_bsize = ROMBSIZE;
423 	buf->f_bfree = buf->f_bavail = buf->f_ffree;
424 	buf->f_blocks =
425 		(romfs_maxsize(dentry->d_sb) + ROMBSIZE - 1) >> ROMBSBITS;
426 	buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)id;
427 	buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)(id >> 32);
428 	return 0;
429 }
430 
431 /*
432  * remounting must involve read-only
433  */
434 static int romfs_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
435 {
436 	sync_filesystem(sb);
437 	*flags |= MS_RDONLY;
438 	return 0;
439 }
440 
441 static const struct super_operations romfs_super_ops = {
442 	.alloc_inode	= romfs_alloc_inode,
443 	.destroy_inode	= romfs_destroy_inode,
444 	.statfs		= romfs_statfs,
445 	.remount_fs	= romfs_remount,
446 };
447 
448 /*
449  * checksum check on part of a romfs filesystem
450  */
451 static __u32 romfs_checksum(const void *data, int size)
452 {
453 	const __be32 *ptr = data;
454 	__u32 sum;
455 
456 	sum = 0;
457 	size >>= 2;
458 	while (size > 0) {
459 		sum += be32_to_cpu(*ptr++);
460 		size--;
461 	}
462 	return sum;
463 }
464 
465 /*
466  * fill in the superblock
467  */
468 static int romfs_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
469 {
470 	struct romfs_super_block *rsb;
471 	struct inode *root;
472 	unsigned long pos, img_size;
473 	const char *storage;
474 	size_t len;
475 	int ret;
476 
477 #ifdef CONFIG_BLOCK
478 	if (!sb->s_mtd) {
479 		sb_set_blocksize(sb, ROMBSIZE);
480 	} else {
481 		sb->s_blocksize = ROMBSIZE;
482 		sb->s_blocksize_bits = blksize_bits(ROMBSIZE);
483 	}
484 #endif
485 
486 	sb->s_maxbytes = 0xFFFFFFFF;
487 	sb->s_magic = ROMFS_MAGIC;
488 	sb->s_flags |= MS_RDONLY | MS_NOATIME;
489 	sb->s_op = &romfs_super_ops;
490 
491 	/* read the image superblock and check it */
492 	rsb = kmalloc(512, GFP_KERNEL);
493 	if (!rsb)
494 		return -ENOMEM;
495 
496 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) 512;
497 	ret = romfs_dev_read(sb, 0, rsb, 512);
498 	if (ret < 0)
499 		goto error_rsb;
500 
501 	img_size = be32_to_cpu(rsb->size);
502 
503 	if (sb->s_mtd && img_size > sb->s_mtd->size)
504 		goto error_rsb_inval;
505 
506 	sb->s_fs_info = (void *) img_size;
507 
508 	if (rsb->word0 != ROMSB_WORD0 || rsb->word1 != ROMSB_WORD1 ||
509 	    img_size < ROMFH_SIZE) {
510 		if (!silent)
511 			pr_warn("VFS: Can't find a romfs filesystem on dev %s.\n",
512 			       sb->s_id);
513 		goto error_rsb_inval;
514 	}
515 
516 	if (romfs_checksum(rsb, min_t(size_t, img_size, 512))) {
517 		pr_err("bad initial checksum on dev %s.\n", sb->s_id);
518 		goto error_rsb_inval;
519 	}
520 
521 	storage = sb->s_mtd ? "MTD" : "the block layer";
522 
523 	len = strnlen(rsb->name, ROMFS_MAXFN);
524 	if (!silent)
525 		pr_notice("Mounting image '%*.*s' through %s\n",
526 			  (unsigned) len, (unsigned) len, rsb->name, storage);
527 
528 	kfree(rsb);
529 	rsb = NULL;
530 
531 	/* find the root directory */
532 	pos = (ROMFH_SIZE + len + 1 + ROMFH_PAD) & ROMFH_MASK;
533 
534 	root = romfs_iget(sb, pos);
535 	if (IS_ERR(root))
536 		return PTR_ERR(root);
537 
538 	sb->s_root = d_make_root(root);
539 	if (!sb->s_root)
540 		return -ENOMEM;
541 
542 	return 0;
543 
544 error_rsb_inval:
545 	ret = -EINVAL;
546 error_rsb:
547 	kfree(rsb);
548 	return ret;
549 }
550 
551 /*
552  * get a superblock for mounting
553  */
554 static struct dentry *romfs_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
555 			int flags, const char *dev_name,
556 			void *data)
557 {
558 	struct dentry *ret = ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
559 
560 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
561 	ret = mount_mtd(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, romfs_fill_super);
562 #endif
563 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
564 	if (ret == ERR_PTR(-EINVAL))
565 		ret = mount_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data,
566 				  romfs_fill_super);
567 #endif
568 	return ret;
569 }
570 
571 /*
572  * destroy a romfs superblock in the appropriate manner
573  */
574 static void romfs_kill_sb(struct super_block *sb)
575 {
576 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_MTD
577 	if (sb->s_mtd) {
578 		kill_mtd_super(sb);
579 		return;
580 	}
581 #endif
582 #ifdef CONFIG_ROMFS_ON_BLOCK
583 	if (sb->s_bdev) {
584 		kill_block_super(sb);
585 		return;
586 	}
587 #endif
588 }
589 
590 static struct file_system_type romfs_fs_type = {
591 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
592 	.name		= "romfs",
593 	.mount		= romfs_mount,
594 	.kill_sb	= romfs_kill_sb,
595 	.fs_flags	= FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
596 };
597 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("romfs");
598 
599 /*
600  * inode storage initialiser
601  */
602 static void romfs_i_init_once(void *_inode)
603 {
604 	struct romfs_inode_info *inode = _inode;
605 
606 	inode_init_once(&inode->vfs_inode);
607 }
608 
609 /*
610  * romfs module initialisation
611  */
612 static int __init init_romfs_fs(void)
613 {
614 	int ret;
615 
616 	pr_info("ROMFS MTD (C) 2007 Red Hat, Inc.\n");
617 
618 	romfs_inode_cachep =
619 		kmem_cache_create("romfs_i",
620 				  sizeof(struct romfs_inode_info), 0,
621 				  SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT | SLAB_MEM_SPREAD,
622 				  romfs_i_init_once);
623 
624 	if (!romfs_inode_cachep) {
625 		pr_err("Failed to initialise inode cache\n");
626 		return -ENOMEM;
627 	}
628 	ret = register_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
629 	if (ret) {
630 		pr_err("Failed to register filesystem\n");
631 		goto error_register;
632 	}
633 	return 0;
634 
635 error_register:
636 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
637 	return ret;
638 }
639 
640 /*
641  * romfs module removal
642  */
643 static void __exit exit_romfs_fs(void)
644 {
645 	unregister_filesystem(&romfs_fs_type);
646 	/*
647 	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
648 	 * destroy cache.
649 	 */
650 	rcu_barrier();
651 	kmem_cache_destroy(romfs_inode_cachep);
652 }
653 
654 module_init(init_romfs_fs);
655 module_exit(exit_romfs_fs);
656 
657 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Direct-MTD Capable RomFS");
658 MODULE_AUTHOR("Red Hat, Inc.");
659 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); /* Actually dual-licensed, but it doesn't matter for */
660