xref: /linux/fs/proc/task_mmu.c (revision 1b78070aaef63512688aebfbc82365ef9d6660f1)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
3 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
4 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
5 #include <linux/huge_mm.h>
6 #include <linux/mount.h>
7 #include <linux/ksm.h>
8 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
9 #include <linux/highmem.h>
10 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
11 #include <linux/slab.h>
12 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
13 #include <linux/mempolicy.h>
14 #include <linux/rmap.h>
15 #include <linux/swap.h>
16 #include <linux/sched/mm.h>
17 #include <linux/leafops.h>
18 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
19 #include <linux/page_idle.h>
20 #include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
21 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
22 #include <linux/pkeys.h>
23 #include <linux/minmax.h>
24 #include <linux/overflow.h>
25 #include <linux/buildid.h>
26 
27 #include <asm/elf.h>
28 #include <asm/tlb.h>
29 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
30 #include "internal.h"
31 
32 #define SENTINEL_VMA_END	-1
33 #define SENTINEL_VMA_GATE	-2
34 
35 #define SEQ_PUT_DEC(str, val) \
36 		seq_put_decimal_ull_width(m, str, (val) << (PAGE_SHIFT-10), 8)
37 void task_mem(struct seq_file *m, struct mm_struct *mm)
38 {
39 	unsigned long text, lib, swap, anon, file, shmem;
40 	unsigned long hiwater_vm, total_vm, hiwater_rss, total_rss;
41 
42 	anon = get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_ANONPAGES);
43 	file = get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_FILEPAGES);
44 	shmem = get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_SHMEMPAGES);
45 
46 	/*
47 	 * Note: to minimize their overhead, mm maintains hiwater_vm and
48 	 * hiwater_rss only when about to *lower* total_vm or rss.  Any
49 	 * collector of these hiwater stats must therefore get total_vm
50 	 * and rss too, which will usually be the higher.  Barriers? not
51 	 * worth the effort, such snapshots can always be inconsistent.
52 	 */
53 	hiwater_vm = total_vm = mm->total_vm;
54 	if (hiwater_vm < mm->hiwater_vm)
55 		hiwater_vm = mm->hiwater_vm;
56 	hiwater_rss = total_rss = anon + file + shmem;
57 	if (hiwater_rss < mm->hiwater_rss)
58 		hiwater_rss = mm->hiwater_rss;
59 
60 	/* split executable areas between text and lib */
61 	text = PAGE_ALIGN(mm->end_code) - (mm->start_code & PAGE_MASK);
62 	text = min(text, mm->exec_vm << PAGE_SHIFT);
63 	lib = (mm->exec_vm << PAGE_SHIFT) - text;
64 
65 	swap = get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_SWAPENTS);
66 	SEQ_PUT_DEC("VmPeak:\t", hiwater_vm);
67 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmSize:\t", total_vm);
68 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmLck:\t", mm->locked_vm);
69 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmPin:\t", atomic64_read(&mm->pinned_vm));
70 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmHWM:\t", hiwater_rss);
71 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmRSS:\t", total_rss);
72 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nRssAnon:\t", anon);
73 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nRssFile:\t", file);
74 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nRssShmem:\t", shmem);
75 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmData:\t", mm->data_vm);
76 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmStk:\t", mm->stack_vm);
77 	seq_put_decimal_ull_width(m,
78 		    " kB\nVmExe:\t", text >> 10, 8);
79 	seq_put_decimal_ull_width(m,
80 		    " kB\nVmLib:\t", lib >> 10, 8);
81 	seq_put_decimal_ull_width(m,
82 		    " kB\nVmPTE:\t", mm_pgtables_bytes(mm) >> 10, 8);
83 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nVmSwap:\t", swap);
84 	seq_puts(m, " kB\n");
85 	hugetlb_report_usage(m, mm);
86 }
87 #undef SEQ_PUT_DEC
88 
89 unsigned long task_vsize(struct mm_struct *mm)
90 {
91 	return PAGE_SIZE * mm->total_vm;
92 }
93 
94 unsigned long task_statm(struct mm_struct *mm,
95 			 unsigned long *shared, unsigned long *text,
96 			 unsigned long *data, unsigned long *resident)
97 {
98 	*shared = get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_FILEPAGES) +
99 			get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_SHMEMPAGES);
100 	*text = (PAGE_ALIGN(mm->end_code) - (mm->start_code & PAGE_MASK))
101 								>> PAGE_SHIFT;
102 	*data = mm->data_vm + mm->stack_vm;
103 	*resident = *shared + get_mm_counter_sum(mm, MM_ANONPAGES);
104 	return mm->total_vm;
105 }
106 
107 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
108 /*
109  * Save get_task_policy() for show_numa_map().
110  */
111 static void hold_task_mempolicy(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
112 {
113 	struct task_struct *task = priv->task;
114 
115 	task_lock(task);
116 	priv->task_mempolicy = get_task_policy(task);
117 	mpol_get(priv->task_mempolicy);
118 	task_unlock(task);
119 }
120 static void release_task_mempolicy(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
121 {
122 	mpol_put(priv->task_mempolicy);
123 }
124 #else
125 static void hold_task_mempolicy(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
126 {
127 }
128 static void release_task_mempolicy(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
129 {
130 }
131 #endif
132 
133 #ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
134 
135 static inline int lock_ctx_mm(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
136 {
137 	int ret = mmap_read_lock_killable(lock_ctx->mm);
138 
139 	if (!ret)
140 		lock_ctx->mmap_locked = true;
141 
142 	return ret;
143 }
144 
145 static inline void unlock_ctx_mm(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
146 {
147 	mmap_read_unlock(lock_ctx->mm);
148 	lock_ctx->mmap_locked = false;
149 }
150 
151 static void reset_lock_ctx(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
152 {
153 	lock_ctx->locked_vma = NULL;
154 	lock_ctx->mmap_locked = false;
155 }
156 
157 static void unlock_ctx_vma(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
158 {
159 	if (lock_ctx->locked_vma) {
160 		vma_end_read(lock_ctx->locked_vma);
161 		lock_ctx->locked_vma = NULL;
162 	}
163 }
164 
165 static inline bool lock_vma_range(struct seq_file *m,
166 				  struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
167 {
168 	rcu_read_lock();
169 	reset_lock_ctx(lock_ctx);
170 
171 	return true;
172 }
173 
174 static inline void unlock_vma_range(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
175 {
176 	if (lock_ctx->mmap_locked) {
177 		unlock_ctx_mm(lock_ctx);
178 	} else {
179 		unlock_ctx_vma(lock_ctx);
180 		rcu_read_unlock();
181 	}
182 }
183 
184 static struct vm_area_struct *get_next_vma(struct proc_maps_private *priv,
185 					   loff_t last_pos)
186 {
187 	struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx = &priv->lock_ctx;
188 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
189 
190 	if (lock_ctx->mmap_locked)
191 		return vma_next(&priv->iter);
192 
193 	unlock_ctx_vma(lock_ctx);
194 	vma = lock_next_vma(lock_ctx->mm, &priv->iter, last_pos);
195 	if (!IS_ERR_OR_NULL(vma))
196 		lock_ctx->locked_vma = vma;
197 
198 	return vma;
199 }
200 
201 static inline bool fallback_to_mmap_lock(struct proc_maps_private *priv,
202 					 loff_t pos)
203 {
204 	struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx = &priv->lock_ctx;
205 
206 	if (lock_ctx->mmap_locked)
207 		return false;
208 
209 	rcu_read_unlock();
210 	mmap_read_lock(lock_ctx->mm);
211 	/* Reinitialize the iterator after taking mmap_lock */
212 	vma_iter_set(&priv->iter, pos);
213 	lock_ctx->mmap_locked = true;
214 
215 	return true;
216 }
217 
218 static inline void drop_rcu(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
219 {
220 	if (priv->lock_ctx.mmap_locked)
221 		return;
222 
223 	rcu_read_unlock();
224 }
225 
226 static inline void reacquire_rcu(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
227 {
228 	if (priv->lock_ctx.mmap_locked)
229 		return;
230 
231 	rcu_read_lock();
232 	/* Reinitialize the iterator. */
233 	vma_iter_set(&priv->iter, priv->lock_ctx.locked_vma->vm_end);
234 }
235 
236 #else /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
237 
238 static inline int lock_ctx_mm(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
239 {
240 	return mmap_read_lock_killable(lock_ctx->mm);
241 }
242 
243 static inline void unlock_ctx_mm(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
244 {
245 	mmap_read_unlock(lock_ctx->mm);
246 }
247 
248 static inline bool lock_vma_range(struct seq_file *m,
249 				  struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
250 {
251 	return lock_ctx_mm(lock_ctx) == 0;
252 }
253 
254 static inline void unlock_vma_range(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
255 {
256 	unlock_ctx_mm(lock_ctx);
257 }
258 
259 static struct vm_area_struct *get_next_vma(struct proc_maps_private *priv,
260 					   loff_t last_pos)
261 {
262 	return vma_next(&priv->iter);
263 }
264 
265 static inline bool fallback_to_mmap_lock(struct proc_maps_private *priv,
266 					 loff_t pos)
267 {
268 	return false;
269 }
270 
271 static inline void drop_rcu(struct proc_maps_private *priv) {}
272 static inline void reacquire_rcu(struct proc_maps_private *priv) {}
273 
274 #endif /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
275 
276 static struct vm_area_struct *proc_get_vma(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *ppos)
277 {
278 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
279 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
280 
281 retry:
282 	vma = get_next_vma(priv, *ppos);
283 	/* EINTR of EAGAIN is possible */
284 	if (IS_ERR(vma)) {
285 		if (PTR_ERR(vma) == -EAGAIN && fallback_to_mmap_lock(priv, *ppos))
286 			goto retry;
287 
288 		return vma;
289 	}
290 
291 	/* Store previous position to be able to restart if needed */
292 	priv->last_pos = *ppos;
293 	if (vma) {
294 		/*
295 		 * Track the end of the reported vma to ensure position changes
296 		 * even if previous vma was merged with the next vma and we
297 		 * found the extended vma with the same vm_start.
298 		 */
299 		*ppos = vma->vm_end;
300 	} else {
301 		*ppos = SENTINEL_VMA_GATE;
302 		vma = get_gate_vma(priv->lock_ctx.mm);
303 	}
304 
305 	return vma;
306 }
307 
308 static void *m_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *ppos)
309 {
310 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
311 	struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx;
312 	loff_t last_addr = *ppos;
313 	struct mm_struct *mm;
314 
315 	/* See m_next(). Zero at the start or after lseek. */
316 	if (last_addr == SENTINEL_VMA_END)
317 		return NULL;
318 
319 	priv->task = get_proc_task(priv->inode);
320 	if (!priv->task)
321 		return ERR_PTR(-ESRCH);
322 
323 	lock_ctx = &priv->lock_ctx;
324 	mm = lock_ctx->mm;
325 	if (!mm || !mmget_not_zero(mm)) {
326 		put_task_struct(priv->task);
327 		priv->task = NULL;
328 		return NULL;
329 	}
330 
331 	if (!lock_vma_range(m, lock_ctx)) {
332 		mmput(mm);
333 		put_task_struct(priv->task);
334 		priv->task = NULL;
335 		return ERR_PTR(-EINTR);
336 	}
337 
338 	/*
339 	 * Reset current position if last_addr was set before
340 	 * and it's not a sentinel.
341 	 */
342 	if (last_addr > 0)
343 		*ppos = last_addr = priv->last_pos;
344 	vma_iter_init(&priv->iter, mm, (unsigned long)last_addr);
345 	hold_task_mempolicy(priv);
346 	if (last_addr == SENTINEL_VMA_GATE)
347 		return get_gate_vma(mm);
348 
349 	return proc_get_vma(m, ppos);
350 }
351 
352 static void *m_next(struct seq_file *m, void *v, loff_t *ppos)
353 {
354 	if (*ppos == SENTINEL_VMA_GATE) {
355 		*ppos = SENTINEL_VMA_END;
356 		return NULL;
357 	}
358 	return proc_get_vma(m, ppos);
359 }
360 
361 static void m_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
362 {
363 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
364 	struct mm_struct *mm = priv->lock_ctx.mm;
365 
366 	if (!priv->task)
367 		return;
368 
369 	release_task_mempolicy(priv);
370 	unlock_vma_range(&priv->lock_ctx);
371 	mmput(mm);
372 	put_task_struct(priv->task);
373 	priv->task = NULL;
374 }
375 
376 static int proc_maps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
377 			const struct seq_operations *ops, int psize)
378 {
379 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = __seq_open_private(file, ops, psize);
380 
381 	if (!priv)
382 		return -ENOMEM;
383 
384 	priv->inode = inode;
385 	priv->lock_ctx.mm = proc_mem_open(inode, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
386 	if (IS_ERR(priv->lock_ctx.mm)) {
387 		int err = PTR_ERR(priv->lock_ctx.mm);
388 
389 		seq_release_private(inode, file);
390 		return err;
391 	}
392 
393 	return 0;
394 }
395 
396 static int proc_map_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
397 {
398 	struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
399 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = seq->private;
400 
401 	if (priv->lock_ctx.mm)
402 		mmdrop(priv->lock_ctx.mm);
403 
404 	return seq_release_private(inode, file);
405 }
406 
407 static int do_maps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,
408 			const struct seq_operations *ops)
409 {
410 	return proc_maps_open(inode, file, ops,
411 				sizeof(struct proc_maps_private));
412 }
413 
414 static void get_vma_name(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
415 			 const struct path **path,
416 			 const char **name,
417 			 const char **name_fmt)
418 {
419 	struct anon_vma_name *anon_name = vma->vm_mm ? anon_vma_name(vma) : NULL;
420 
421 	*name = NULL;
422 	*path = NULL;
423 	*name_fmt = NULL;
424 
425 	/*
426 	 * Print the dentry name for named mappings, and a
427 	 * special [heap] marker for the heap:
428 	 */
429 	if (vma->vm_file) {
430 		/*
431 		 * If user named this anon shared memory via
432 		 * prctl(PR_SET_VMA ..., use the provided name.
433 		 */
434 		if (anon_name) {
435 			*name_fmt = "[anon_shmem:%s]";
436 			*name = anon_name->name;
437 		} else {
438 			*path = file_user_path(vma->vm_file);
439 		}
440 		return;
441 	}
442 
443 	if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->name) {
444 		*name = vma->vm_ops->name(vma);
445 		if (*name)
446 			return;
447 	}
448 
449 	*name = arch_vma_name(vma);
450 	if (*name)
451 		return;
452 
453 	if (!vma->vm_mm) {
454 		*name = "[vdso]";
455 		return;
456 	}
457 
458 	if (vma_is_initial_heap(vma)) {
459 		*name = "[heap]";
460 		return;
461 	}
462 
463 	if (vma_is_initial_stack(vma)) {
464 		*name = "[stack]";
465 		return;
466 	}
467 
468 	if (anon_name) {
469 		*name_fmt = "[anon:%s]";
470 		*name = anon_name->name;
471 		return;
472 	}
473 }
474 
475 static void show_vma_header_prefix(struct seq_file *m,
476 				   unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
477 				   vm_flags_t flags, unsigned long long pgoff,
478 				   dev_t dev, u64 ino)
479 {
480 	seq_setwidth(m, 25 + sizeof(void *) * 6 - 1);
481 	seq_put_hex_ll(m, NULL, start, 8);
482 	seq_put_hex_ll(m, "-", end, 8);
483 	seq_putc(m, ' ');
484 	seq_putc(m, flags & VM_READ ? 'r' : '-');
485 	seq_putc(m, flags & VM_WRITE ? 'w' : '-');
486 	seq_putc(m, flags & VM_EXEC ? 'x' : '-');
487 	seq_putc(m, flags & VM_MAYSHARE ? 's' : 'p');
488 	seq_put_hex_ll(m, " ", pgoff, 8);
489 	seq_put_hex_ll(m, " ", MAJOR(dev), 2);
490 	seq_put_hex_ll(m, ":", MINOR(dev), 2);
491 	seq_put_decimal_ull(m, " ", ino);
492 	seq_putc(m, ' ');
493 }
494 
495 static void
496 show_map_vma(struct seq_file *m, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
497 {
498 	const struct path *path;
499 	const char *name_fmt, *name;
500 	vm_flags_t flags = vma->vm_flags;
501 	u64 ino = 0;
502 	unsigned long long pgoff = 0;
503 	unsigned long start, end;
504 	dev_t dev = 0;
505 
506 	if (vma->vm_file) {
507 		const struct inode *inode = file_user_inode(vma->vm_file);
508 
509 		dev = inode->i_sb->s_dev;
510 		ino = inode->i_ino;
511 		pgoff = ((loff_t)vma->vm_pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT;
512 	}
513 
514 	start = vma->vm_start;
515 	end = vma->vm_end;
516 	show_vma_header_prefix(m, start, end, flags, pgoff, dev, ino);
517 
518 	get_vma_name(vma, &path, &name, &name_fmt);
519 	if (path) {
520 		seq_pad(m, ' ');
521 		seq_path(m, path, "\n");
522 	} else if (name_fmt) {
523 		seq_pad(m, ' ');
524 		seq_printf(m, name_fmt, name);
525 	} else if (name) {
526 		seq_pad(m, ' ');
527 		seq_puts(m, name);
528 	}
529 	seq_putc(m, '\n');
530 }
531 
532 static int show_map(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
533 {
534 	show_map_vma(m, v);
535 	return 0;
536 }
537 
538 static const struct seq_operations proc_pid_maps_op = {
539 	.start	= m_start,
540 	.next	= m_next,
541 	.stop	= m_stop,
542 	.show	= show_map
543 };
544 
545 static int pid_maps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
546 {
547 	return do_maps_open(inode, file, &proc_pid_maps_op);
548 }
549 
550 #define PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_FLAGS (				\
551 		PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_READABLE |			\
552 		PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_WRITABLE |			\
553 		PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_EXECUTABLE |			\
554 		PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_SHARED			\
555 )
556 
557 #define PROCMAP_QUERY_VALID_FLAGS_MASK (			\
558 		PROCMAP_QUERY_COVERING_OR_NEXT_VMA |		\
559 		PROCMAP_QUERY_FILE_BACKED_VMA |			\
560 		PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_FLAGS				\
561 )
562 
563 #ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
564 
565 static int query_vma_setup(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
566 {
567 	reset_lock_ctx(lock_ctx);
568 
569 	return 0;
570 }
571 
572 static void query_vma_teardown(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
573 {
574 	if (lock_ctx->mmap_locked)
575 		unlock_ctx_mm(lock_ctx);
576 	else
577 		unlock_ctx_vma(lock_ctx);
578 }
579 
580 static struct vm_area_struct *query_vma_find_by_addr(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx,
581 						     unsigned long addr)
582 {
583 	struct mm_struct *mm = lock_ctx->mm;
584 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
585 	struct vma_iterator vmi;
586 
587 	if (lock_ctx->mmap_locked)
588 		return find_vma(mm, addr);
589 
590 	/* Unlock previously locked VMA and find the next one under RCU */
591 	unlock_ctx_vma(lock_ctx);
592 	rcu_read_lock();
593 	vma_iter_init(&vmi, mm, addr);
594 	vma = lock_next_vma(mm, &vmi, addr);
595 	rcu_read_unlock();
596 
597 	if (!vma)
598 		return NULL;
599 
600 	if (!IS_ERR(vma)) {
601 		lock_ctx->locked_vma = vma;
602 		return vma;
603 	}
604 
605 	if (PTR_ERR(vma) == -EAGAIN) {
606 		/* Fallback to mmap_lock on vma->vm_refcnt overflow */
607 		mmap_read_lock(mm);
608 		vma = find_vma(mm, addr);
609 		lock_ctx->mmap_locked = true;
610 	}
611 
612 	return vma;
613 }
614 
615 #else /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
616 
617 static int query_vma_setup(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
618 {
619 	return mmap_read_lock_killable(lock_ctx->mm);
620 }
621 
622 static void query_vma_teardown(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx)
623 {
624 	mmap_read_unlock(lock_ctx->mm);
625 }
626 
627 static struct vm_area_struct *query_vma_find_by_addr(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx,
628 						     unsigned long addr)
629 {
630 	return find_vma(lock_ctx->mm, addr);
631 }
632 
633 #endif  /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
634 
635 static struct vm_area_struct *query_matching_vma(struct proc_maps_locking_ctx *lock_ctx,
636 						 unsigned long addr, u32 flags)
637 {
638 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
639 
640 next_vma:
641 	vma = query_vma_find_by_addr(lock_ctx, addr);
642 	if (IS_ERR(vma))
643 		return vma;
644 
645 	if (!vma)
646 		goto no_vma;
647 
648 	/* user requested only file-backed VMA, keep iterating */
649 	if ((flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_FILE_BACKED_VMA) && !vma->vm_file)
650 		goto skip_vma;
651 
652 	/* VMA permissions should satisfy query flags */
653 	if (flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_FLAGS) {
654 		u32 perm = 0;
655 
656 		if (flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_READABLE)
657 			perm |= VM_READ;
658 		if (flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_WRITABLE)
659 			perm |= VM_WRITE;
660 		if (flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_EXECUTABLE)
661 			perm |= VM_EXEC;
662 		if (flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_SHARED)
663 			perm |= VM_MAYSHARE;
664 
665 		if ((vma->vm_flags & perm) != perm)
666 			goto skip_vma;
667 	}
668 
669 	/* found covering VMA or user is OK with the matching next VMA */
670 	if ((flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_COVERING_OR_NEXT_VMA) || vma->vm_start <= addr)
671 		return vma;
672 
673 skip_vma:
674 	/*
675 	 * If the user needs closest matching VMA, keep iterating.
676 	 */
677 	addr = vma->vm_end;
678 	if (flags & PROCMAP_QUERY_COVERING_OR_NEXT_VMA)
679 		goto next_vma;
680 
681 no_vma:
682 	return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
683 }
684 
685 static int do_procmap_query(struct mm_struct *mm, void __user *uarg)
686 {
687 	struct proc_maps_locking_ctx lock_ctx = { .mm = mm };
688 	struct procmap_query karg;
689 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
690 	struct file *vm_file = NULL;
691 	const char *name = NULL;
692 	char build_id_buf[BUILD_ID_SIZE_MAX], *name_buf = NULL;
693 	__u64 usize;
694 	int err;
695 
696 	if (copy_from_user(&usize, (void __user *)uarg, sizeof(usize)))
697 		return -EFAULT;
698 	/* argument struct can never be that large, reject abuse */
699 	if (usize > PAGE_SIZE)
700 		return -E2BIG;
701 	/* argument struct should have at least query_flags and query_addr fields */
702 	if (usize < offsetofend(struct procmap_query, query_addr))
703 		return -EINVAL;
704 	err = copy_struct_from_user(&karg, sizeof(karg), uarg, usize);
705 	if (err)
706 		return err;
707 
708 	/* reject unknown flags */
709 	if (karg.query_flags & ~PROCMAP_QUERY_VALID_FLAGS_MASK)
710 		return -EINVAL;
711 	/* either both buffer address and size are set, or both should be zero */
712 	if (!!karg.vma_name_size != !!karg.vma_name_addr)
713 		return -EINVAL;
714 	if (!!karg.build_id_size != !!karg.build_id_addr)
715 		return -EINVAL;
716 
717 	if (!mm || !mmget_not_zero(mm))
718 		return -ESRCH;
719 
720 	err = query_vma_setup(&lock_ctx);
721 	if (err) {
722 		mmput(mm);
723 		return err;
724 	}
725 
726 	vma = query_matching_vma(&lock_ctx, karg.query_addr, karg.query_flags);
727 	if (IS_ERR(vma)) {
728 		err = PTR_ERR(vma);
729 		vma = NULL;
730 		goto out;
731 	}
732 
733 	karg.vma_start = vma->vm_start;
734 	karg.vma_end = vma->vm_end;
735 
736 	karg.vma_flags = 0;
737 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_READ)
738 		karg.vma_flags |= PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_READABLE;
739 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE)
740 		karg.vma_flags |= PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_WRITABLE;
741 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_EXEC)
742 		karg.vma_flags |= PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_EXECUTABLE;
743 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MAYSHARE)
744 		karg.vma_flags |= PROCMAP_QUERY_VMA_SHARED;
745 
746 	karg.vma_page_size = vma_kernel_pagesize(vma);
747 
748 	if (vma->vm_file) {
749 		const struct inode *inode = file_user_inode(vma->vm_file);
750 
751 		karg.vma_offset = ((__u64)vma->vm_pgoff) << PAGE_SHIFT;
752 		karg.dev_major = MAJOR(inode->i_sb->s_dev);
753 		karg.dev_minor = MINOR(inode->i_sb->s_dev);
754 		karg.inode = inode->i_ino;
755 	} else {
756 		karg.vma_offset = 0;
757 		karg.dev_major = 0;
758 		karg.dev_minor = 0;
759 		karg.inode = 0;
760 	}
761 
762 	if (karg.vma_name_size) {
763 		size_t name_buf_sz = min_t(size_t, PATH_MAX, karg.vma_name_size);
764 		const struct path *path;
765 		const char *name_fmt;
766 		size_t name_sz = 0;
767 
768 		get_vma_name(vma, &path, &name, &name_fmt);
769 
770 		if (path || name_fmt || name) {
771 			name_buf = kmalloc(name_buf_sz, GFP_KERNEL);
772 			if (!name_buf) {
773 				err = -ENOMEM;
774 				goto out;
775 			}
776 		}
777 		if (path) {
778 			name = d_path(path, name_buf, name_buf_sz);
779 			if (IS_ERR(name)) {
780 				err = PTR_ERR(name);
781 				goto out;
782 			}
783 			name_sz = name_buf + name_buf_sz - name;
784 		} else if (name || name_fmt) {
785 			name_sz = 1 + snprintf(name_buf, name_buf_sz, name_fmt ?: "%s", name);
786 			name = name_buf;
787 		}
788 		if (name_sz > name_buf_sz) {
789 			err = -ENAMETOOLONG;
790 			goto out;
791 		}
792 		karg.vma_name_size = name_sz;
793 	}
794 
795 	if (karg.build_id_size && vma->vm_file)
796 		vm_file = get_file(vma->vm_file);
797 
798 	/* unlock vma or mmap_lock, and put mm_struct before copying data to user */
799 	query_vma_teardown(&lock_ctx);
800 	mmput(mm);
801 
802 	if (karg.build_id_size) {
803 		__u32 build_id_sz;
804 
805 		if (vm_file)
806 			err = build_id_parse_file(vm_file, build_id_buf, &build_id_sz);
807 		else
808 			err = -ENOENT;
809 		if (err) {
810 			karg.build_id_size = 0;
811 		} else {
812 			if (karg.build_id_size < build_id_sz) {
813 				err = -ENAMETOOLONG;
814 				goto out_file;
815 			}
816 			karg.build_id_size = build_id_sz;
817 		}
818 	}
819 
820 	if (vm_file)
821 		fput(vm_file);
822 
823 	if (karg.vma_name_size && copy_to_user(u64_to_user_ptr(karg.vma_name_addr),
824 					       name, karg.vma_name_size)) {
825 		kfree(name_buf);
826 		return -EFAULT;
827 	}
828 	kfree(name_buf);
829 
830 	if (karg.build_id_size && copy_to_user(u64_to_user_ptr(karg.build_id_addr),
831 					       build_id_buf, karg.build_id_size))
832 		return -EFAULT;
833 
834 	if (copy_to_user(uarg, &karg, min_t(size_t, sizeof(karg), usize)))
835 		return -EFAULT;
836 
837 	return 0;
838 
839 out:
840 	query_vma_teardown(&lock_ctx);
841 	mmput(mm);
842 out_file:
843 	if (vm_file)
844 		fput(vm_file);
845 	kfree(name_buf);
846 	return err;
847 }
848 
849 static long procfs_procmap_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
850 {
851 	struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
852 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = seq->private;
853 
854 	switch (cmd) {
855 	case PROCMAP_QUERY:
856 		/* priv->lock_ctx.mm is set during file open operation */
857 		return do_procmap_query(priv->lock_ctx.mm, (void __user *)arg);
858 	default:
859 		return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
860 	}
861 }
862 
863 const struct file_operations proc_pid_maps_operations = {
864 	.open		= pid_maps_open,
865 	.read		= seq_read,
866 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
867 	.release	= proc_map_release,
868 	.unlocked_ioctl = procfs_procmap_ioctl,
869 	.compat_ioctl	= compat_ptr_ioctl,
870 };
871 
872 /*
873  * Proportional Set Size(PSS): my share of RSS.
874  *
875  * PSS of a process is the count of pages it has in memory, where each
876  * page is divided by the number of processes sharing it.  So if a
877  * process has 1000 pages all to itself, and 1000 shared with one other
878  * process, its PSS will be 1500.
879  *
880  * To keep (accumulated) division errors low, we adopt a 64bit
881  * fixed-point pss counter to minimize division errors. So (pss >>
882  * PSS_SHIFT) would be the real byte count.
883  *
884  * A shift of 12 before division means (assuming 4K page size):
885  * 	- 1M 3-user-pages add up to 8KB errors;
886  * 	- supports mapcount up to 2^24, or 16M;
887  * 	- supports PSS up to 2^52 bytes, or 4PB.
888  */
889 #define PSS_SHIFT 12
890 
891 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR
892 struct mem_size_stats {
893 	unsigned long resident;
894 	unsigned long shared_clean;
895 	unsigned long shared_dirty;
896 	unsigned long private_clean;
897 	unsigned long private_dirty;
898 	unsigned long referenced;
899 	unsigned long anonymous;
900 	unsigned long lazyfree;
901 	unsigned long anonymous_thp;
902 	unsigned long shmem_thp;
903 	unsigned long file_thp;
904 	unsigned long swap;
905 	unsigned long shared_hugetlb;
906 	unsigned long private_hugetlb;
907 	unsigned long ksm;
908 	u64 pss;
909 	u64 pss_anon;
910 	u64 pss_file;
911 	u64 pss_shmem;
912 	u64 pss_dirty;
913 	u64 pss_locked;
914 	u64 swap_pss;
915 };
916 
917 static void smaps_page_accumulate(struct mem_size_stats *mss,
918 		struct folio *folio, unsigned long size, unsigned long pss,
919 		bool dirty, bool locked, bool private)
920 {
921 	mss->pss += pss;
922 
923 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
924 		mss->pss_anon += pss;
925 	else if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio))
926 		mss->pss_shmem += pss;
927 	else
928 		mss->pss_file += pss;
929 
930 	if (locked)
931 		mss->pss_locked += pss;
932 
933 	if (dirty || folio_test_dirty(folio)) {
934 		mss->pss_dirty += pss;
935 		if (private)
936 			mss->private_dirty += size;
937 		else
938 			mss->shared_dirty += size;
939 	} else {
940 		if (private)
941 			mss->private_clean += size;
942 		else
943 			mss->shared_clean += size;
944 	}
945 }
946 
947 static void smaps_account(struct mem_size_stats *mss, struct page *page,
948 		bool compound, bool young, bool dirty, bool locked,
949 		bool present)
950 {
951 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
952 	int i, nr = compound ? compound_nr(page) : 1;
953 	unsigned long size = nr * PAGE_SIZE;
954 	bool exclusive;
955 	int mapcount;
956 
957 	/*
958 	 * First accumulate quantities that depend only on |size| and the type
959 	 * of the compound page.
960 	 */
961 	if (folio_test_anon(folio)) {
962 		mss->anonymous += size;
963 		if (!folio_test_swapbacked(folio) && !dirty &&
964 		    !folio_test_dirty(folio))
965 			mss->lazyfree += size;
966 	}
967 
968 	if (folio_test_ksm(folio))
969 		mss->ksm += size;
970 
971 	mss->resident += size;
972 	/* Accumulate the size in pages that have been accessed. */
973 	if (young || folio_test_young(folio) || folio_test_referenced(folio))
974 		mss->referenced += size;
975 
976 	/*
977 	 * Then accumulate quantities that may depend on sharing, or that may
978 	 * differ page-by-page.
979 	 *
980 	 * refcount == 1 for present entries guarantees that the folio is mapped
981 	 * exactly once. For large folios this implies that exactly one
982 	 * PTE/PMD/... maps (a part of) this folio.
983 	 *
984 	 * Treat all non-present entries (where relying on the mapcount and
985 	 * refcount doesn't make sense) as "maybe shared, but not sure how
986 	 * often". We treat device private entries as being fake-present.
987 	 *
988 	 * Note that it would not be safe to read the mapcount especially for
989 	 * pages referenced by migration entries, even with the PTL held.
990 	 */
991 	if (folio_ref_count(folio) == 1 || !present) {
992 		smaps_page_accumulate(mss, folio, size, size << PSS_SHIFT,
993 				      dirty, locked, present);
994 		return;
995 	}
996 
997 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_NO_PAGE_MAPCOUNT)) {
998 		mapcount = folio_average_page_mapcount(folio);
999 		exclusive = !folio_maybe_mapped_shared(folio);
1000 	}
1001 
1002 	/*
1003 	 * We obtain a snapshot of the mapcount. Without holding the folio lock
1004 	 * this snapshot can be slightly wrong as we cannot always read the
1005 	 * mapcount atomically.
1006 	 */
1007 	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++, page++) {
1008 		unsigned long pss = PAGE_SIZE << PSS_SHIFT;
1009 
1010 		if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PAGE_MAPCOUNT)) {
1011 			mapcount = folio_precise_page_mapcount(folio, page);
1012 			exclusive = mapcount < 2;
1013 		}
1014 
1015 		if (mapcount >= 2)
1016 			pss /= mapcount;
1017 		smaps_page_accumulate(mss, folio, PAGE_SIZE, pss,
1018 				dirty, locked, exclusive);
1019 	}
1020 }
1021 
1022 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
1023 static int smaps_pte_hole(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
1024 			  __always_unused int depth, struct mm_walk *walk)
1025 {
1026 	struct mem_size_stats *mss = walk->private;
1027 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
1028 
1029 	mss->swap += shmem_partial_swap_usage(walk->vma->vm_file->f_mapping,
1030 					      linear_page_index(vma, addr),
1031 					      linear_page_index(vma, end));
1032 
1033 	return 0;
1034 }
1035 #else
1036 #define smaps_pte_hole		NULL
1037 #endif /* CONFIG_SHMEM */
1038 
1039 static void smaps_pte_hole_lookup(unsigned long addr, struct mm_walk *walk)
1040 {
1041 #ifdef CONFIG_SHMEM
1042 	if (walk->ops->pte_hole) {
1043 		/* depth is not used */
1044 		smaps_pte_hole(addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE, 0, walk);
1045 	}
1046 #endif
1047 }
1048 
1049 static void smaps_pte_entry(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr,
1050 		struct mm_walk *walk)
1051 {
1052 	struct mem_size_stats *mss = walk->private;
1053 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
1054 	bool locked = !!(vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED);
1055 	struct page *page = NULL;
1056 	bool present = false, young = false, dirty = false;
1057 	pte_t ptent = ptep_get(pte);
1058 
1059 	if (pte_present(ptent)) {
1060 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
1061 		young = pte_young(ptent);
1062 		dirty = pte_dirty(ptent);
1063 		present = true;
1064 	} else if (pte_none(ptent)) {
1065 		smaps_pte_hole_lookup(addr, walk);
1066 	} else {
1067 		const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pte(ptent);
1068 
1069 		if (softleaf_is_swap(entry)) {
1070 			int mapcount;
1071 
1072 			mss->swap += PAGE_SIZE;
1073 			mapcount = swp_swapcount(entry);
1074 			if (mapcount >= 2) {
1075 				u64 pss_delta = (u64)PAGE_SIZE << PSS_SHIFT;
1076 
1077 				do_div(pss_delta, mapcount);
1078 				mss->swap_pss += pss_delta;
1079 			} else {
1080 				mss->swap_pss += (u64)PAGE_SIZE << PSS_SHIFT;
1081 			}
1082 		} else if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry)) {
1083 			if (softleaf_is_device_private(entry))
1084 				present = true;
1085 			page = softleaf_to_page(entry);
1086 		}
1087 	}
1088 
1089 	if (!page)
1090 		return;
1091 
1092 	smaps_account(mss, page, false, young, dirty, locked, present);
1093 }
1094 
1095 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
1096 static void smaps_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
1097 		struct mm_walk *walk)
1098 {
1099 	struct mem_size_stats *mss = walk->private;
1100 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
1101 	bool locked = !!(vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED);
1102 	struct page *page = NULL;
1103 	bool present = false;
1104 	struct folio *folio;
1105 
1106 	if (pmd_none(*pmd))
1107 		return;
1108 	if (pmd_present(*pmd)) {
1109 		page = vm_normal_page_pmd(vma, addr, *pmd);
1110 		present = true;
1111 	} else if (unlikely(thp_migration_supported())) {
1112 		const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pmd(*pmd);
1113 
1114 		if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry))
1115 			page = softleaf_to_page(entry);
1116 	}
1117 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(page))
1118 		return;
1119 	folio = page_folio(page);
1120 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
1121 		mss->anonymous_thp += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
1122 	else if (folio_test_swapbacked(folio))
1123 		mss->shmem_thp += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
1124 	else if (folio_is_zone_device(folio))
1125 		/* pass */;
1126 	else
1127 		mss->file_thp += HPAGE_PMD_SIZE;
1128 
1129 	smaps_account(mss, page, true, pmd_young(*pmd), pmd_dirty(*pmd),
1130 		      locked, present);
1131 }
1132 #else
1133 static void smaps_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
1134 		struct mm_walk *walk)
1135 {
1136 }
1137 #endif
1138 
1139 static int smaps_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
1140 			   struct mm_walk *walk)
1141 {
1142 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
1143 	pte_t *pte;
1144 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1145 
1146 	ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
1147 	if (ptl) {
1148 		smaps_pmd_entry(pmd, addr, walk);
1149 		spin_unlock(ptl);
1150 		goto out;
1151 	}
1152 
1153 	pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
1154 	if (!pte) {
1155 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
1156 		return 0;
1157 	}
1158 	for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE)
1159 		smaps_pte_entry(pte, addr, walk);
1160 	pte_unmap_unlock(pte - 1, ptl);
1161 out:
1162 	cond_resched();
1163 	return 0;
1164 }
1165 
1166 static void show_smap_vma_flags(struct seq_file *m, struct vm_area_struct *vma)
1167 {
1168 	/*
1169 	 * Don't forget to update Documentation/ on changes.
1170 	 *
1171 	 * The length of the second argument of mnemonics[]
1172 	 * needs to be 3 instead of previously set 2
1173 	 * (i.e. from [BITS_PER_LONG][2] to [BITS_PER_LONG][3])
1174 	 * to avoid spurious
1175 	 * -Werror=unterminated-string-initialization warning
1176 	 *  with GCC 15
1177 	 */
1178 	static const char mnemonics[BITS_PER_LONG][3] = {
1179 		/*
1180 		 * In case if we meet a flag we don't know about.
1181 		 */
1182 		[0 ... (BITS_PER_LONG-1)] = "??",
1183 
1184 		[ilog2(VM_READ)]	= "rd",
1185 		[ilog2(VM_WRITE)]	= "wr",
1186 		[ilog2(VM_EXEC)]	= "ex",
1187 		[ilog2(VM_SHARED)]	= "sh",
1188 		[ilog2(VM_MAYREAD)]	= "mr",
1189 		[ilog2(VM_MAYWRITE)]	= "mw",
1190 		[ilog2(VM_MAYEXEC)]	= "me",
1191 		[ilog2(VM_MAYSHARE)]	= "ms",
1192 		[ilog2(VM_GROWSDOWN)]	= "gd",
1193 		[ilog2(VM_PFNMAP)]	= "pf",
1194 		[ilog2(VM_MAYBE_GUARD)]	= "gu",
1195 		[ilog2(VM_LOCKED)]	= "lo",
1196 		[ilog2(VM_IO)]		= "io",
1197 		[ilog2(VM_SEQ_READ)]	= "sr",
1198 		[ilog2(VM_RAND_READ)]	= "rr",
1199 		[ilog2(VM_DONTCOPY)]	= "dc",
1200 		[ilog2(VM_DONTEXPAND)]	= "de",
1201 		[ilog2(VM_LOCKONFAULT)]	= "lf",
1202 		[ilog2(VM_ACCOUNT)]	= "ac",
1203 		[ilog2(VM_NORESERVE)]	= "nr",
1204 		[ilog2(VM_HUGETLB)]	= "ht",
1205 		[ilog2(VM_SYNC)]	= "sf",
1206 		[ilog2(VM_ARCH_1)]	= "ar",
1207 		[ilog2(VM_WIPEONFORK)]	= "wf",
1208 		[ilog2(VM_DONTDUMP)]	= "dd",
1209 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_BTI
1210 		[ilog2(VM_ARM64_BTI)]	= "bt",
1211 #endif
1212 #ifdef CONFIG_MEM_SOFT_DIRTY
1213 		[ilog2(VM_SOFTDIRTY)]	= "sd",
1214 #endif
1215 		[ilog2(VM_MIXEDMAP)]	= "mm",
1216 		[ilog2(VM_HUGEPAGE)]	= "hg",
1217 		[ilog2(VM_NOHUGEPAGE)]	= "nh",
1218 		[ilog2(VM_MERGEABLE)]	= "mg",
1219 		[ilog2(VM_UFFD_MISSING)]= "um",
1220 		[ilog2(VM_UFFD_WP)]	= "uw",
1221 #ifdef CONFIG_ARM64_MTE
1222 		[ilog2(VM_MTE)]		= "mt",
1223 		[ilog2(VM_MTE_ALLOWED)]	= "",
1224 #endif
1225 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS
1226 		/* These come out via ProtectionKey: */
1227 		[ilog2(VM_PKEY_BIT0)]	= "",
1228 		[ilog2(VM_PKEY_BIT1)]	= "",
1229 		[ilog2(VM_PKEY_BIT2)]	= "",
1230 #if CONFIG_ARCH_PKEY_BITS > 3
1231 		[ilog2(VM_PKEY_BIT3)]	= "",
1232 #endif
1233 #if CONFIG_ARCH_PKEY_BITS > 4
1234 		[ilog2(VM_PKEY_BIT4)]	= "",
1235 #endif
1236 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PKEYS */
1237 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_MINOR
1238 		[ilog2(VM_UFFD_MINOR)]	= "ui",
1239 #endif /* CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_USERFAULTFD_MINOR */
1240 #ifdef CONFIG_USERFAULTFD_RWP
1241 		[ilog2(VM_UFFD_RWP)]	= "ur",
1242 #endif
1243 #ifdef CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_USER_SHADOW_STACK
1244 		[ilog2(VM_SHADOW_STACK)] = "ss",
1245 #endif
1246 #if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) || defined(CONFIG_PPC32)
1247 		[ilog2(VM_DROPPABLE)] = "dp",
1248 #endif
1249 #ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
1250 		[ilog2(VM_SEALED)] = "sl",
1251 #endif
1252 	};
1253 	size_t i;
1254 
1255 	seq_puts(m, "VmFlags: ");
1256 	for (i = 0; i < BITS_PER_LONG; i++) {
1257 		if (!mnemonics[i][0])
1258 			continue;
1259 		if (vma->vm_flags & (1UL << i))
1260 			seq_printf(m, "%s ", mnemonics[i]);
1261 	}
1262 	seq_putc(m, '\n');
1263 }
1264 
1265 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
1266 static int smaps_hugetlb_range(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
1267 				 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
1268 				 struct mm_walk *walk)
1269 {
1270 	struct mem_size_stats *mss = walk->private;
1271 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
1272 	struct folio *folio = NULL;
1273 	bool present = false;
1274 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1275 	pte_t ptent;
1276 
1277 	ptl = huge_pte_lock(hstate_vma(vma), walk->mm, pte);
1278 	ptent = huge_ptep_get(walk->mm, addr, pte);
1279 	if (pte_present(ptent)) {
1280 		folio = page_folio(pte_page(ptent));
1281 		present = true;
1282 	} else {
1283 		const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pte(ptent);
1284 
1285 		if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry))
1286 			folio = softleaf_to_folio(entry);
1287 	}
1288 
1289 	if (folio) {
1290 		/* We treat non-present entries as "maybe shared". */
1291 		if (!present || folio_maybe_mapped_shared(folio) ||
1292 		    hugetlb_pmd_shared(pte))
1293 			mss->shared_hugetlb += huge_page_size(hstate_vma(vma));
1294 		else
1295 			mss->private_hugetlb += huge_page_size(hstate_vma(vma));
1296 	}
1297 	spin_unlock(ptl);
1298 	return 0;
1299 }
1300 #else
1301 #define smaps_hugetlb_range	NULL
1302 #endif /* HUGETLB_PAGE */
1303 
1304 static const struct mm_walk_ops smaps_walk_ops = {
1305 	.pmd_entry		= smaps_pte_range,
1306 	.hugetlb_entry		= smaps_hugetlb_range,
1307 	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
1308 };
1309 
1310 static const struct mm_walk_ops smaps_shmem_walk_ops = {
1311 	.pmd_entry		= smaps_pte_range,
1312 	.hugetlb_entry		= smaps_hugetlb_range,
1313 	.pte_hole		= smaps_pte_hole,
1314 	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
1315 };
1316 
1317 #ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
1318 
1319 static const struct mm_walk_ops smaps_walk_vma_lock_ops = {
1320 	.pmd_entry		= smaps_pte_range,
1321 	.hugetlb_entry		= smaps_hugetlb_range,
1322 	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_VMA_RDLOCK_VERIFY,
1323 };
1324 
1325 static const struct mm_walk_ops smaps_shmem_walk_vma_lock_ops = {
1326 	.pmd_entry		= smaps_pte_range,
1327 	.hugetlb_entry		= smaps_hugetlb_range,
1328 	.pte_hole		= smaps_pte_hole,
1329 	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_VMA_RDLOCK_VERIFY,
1330 };
1331 
1332 static inline const struct mm_walk_ops *
1333 get_smaps_walk_ops(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
1334 {
1335 	if (priv->lock_ctx.mmap_locked)
1336 		return &smaps_walk_ops;
1337 	return &smaps_walk_vma_lock_ops;
1338 }
1339 
1340 static inline const struct mm_walk_ops *
1341 get_smaps_shmem_walk_ops(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
1342 {
1343 	if (priv->lock_ctx.mmap_locked)
1344 		return  &smaps_shmem_walk_ops;
1345 	return &smaps_shmem_walk_vma_lock_ops;
1346 }
1347 
1348 #else /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
1349 
1350 static inline const struct mm_walk_ops *
1351 get_smaps_walk_ops(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
1352 {
1353 	return &smaps_walk_ops;
1354 }
1355 
1356 static inline const struct mm_walk_ops *
1357 get_smaps_shmem_walk_ops(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
1358 {
1359 	return &smaps_shmem_walk_ops;
1360 }
1361 
1362 #endif /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
1363 
1364 /*
1365  * Gather mem stats from @vma with the indicated beginning
1366  * address @start, and keep them in @mss.
1367  *
1368  * Use vm_start of @vma as the beginning address if @start is 0.
1369  */
1370 static void smap_gather_stats(struct proc_maps_private *priv,
1371 			      struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1372 			      struct mem_size_stats *mss, unsigned long start)
1373 {
1374 	const struct mm_walk_ops *ops = get_smaps_walk_ops(priv);
1375 
1376 	/* Invalid start */
1377 	if (start >= vma->vm_end)
1378 		return;
1379 
1380 	if (vma == get_gate_vma(priv->lock_ctx.mm))
1381 		return;
1382 
1383 	/* Might sleep. Drop RCU read lock but keep the VMA locked. */
1384 	drop_rcu(priv);
1385 
1386 	if (vma->vm_file && shmem_mapping(vma->vm_file->f_mapping)) {
1387 		/*
1388 		 * For shared or readonly shmem mappings we know that all
1389 		 * swapped out pages belong to the shmem object, and we can
1390 		 * obtain the swap value much more efficiently. For private
1391 		 * writable mappings, we might have COW pages that are
1392 		 * not affected by the parent swapped out pages of the shmem
1393 		 * object, so we have to distinguish them during the page walk.
1394 		 * Unless we know that the shmem object (or the part mapped by
1395 		 * our VMA) has no swapped out pages at all.
1396 		 */
1397 		unsigned long shmem_swapped = shmem_swap_usage(vma);
1398 
1399 		if (!start && (!shmem_swapped || (vma->vm_flags & VM_SHARED) ||
1400 					!(vma->vm_flags & VM_WRITE))) {
1401 			mss->swap += shmem_swapped;
1402 		} else {
1403 			ops = get_smaps_shmem_walk_ops(priv);
1404 		}
1405 	}
1406 
1407 	if (!start)
1408 		walk_page_vma(vma, ops, mss);
1409 	else
1410 		walk_page_range(vma->vm_mm, start, vma->vm_end, ops, mss);
1411 
1412 	reacquire_rcu(priv);
1413 }
1414 
1415 #define SEQ_PUT_DEC(str, val) \
1416 		seq_put_decimal_ull_width(m, str, (val) >> 10, 8)
1417 
1418 /* Show the contents common for smaps and smaps_rollup */
1419 static void __show_smap(struct seq_file *m, const struct mem_size_stats *mss,
1420 	bool rollup_mode)
1421 {
1422 	SEQ_PUT_DEC("Rss:            ", mss->resident);
1423 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nPss:            ", mss->pss >> PSS_SHIFT);
1424 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nPss_Dirty:      ", mss->pss_dirty >> PSS_SHIFT);
1425 	if (rollup_mode) {
1426 		/*
1427 		 * These are meaningful only for smaps_rollup, otherwise two of
1428 		 * them are zero, and the other one is the same as Pss.
1429 		 */
1430 		SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nPss_Anon:       ",
1431 			mss->pss_anon >> PSS_SHIFT);
1432 		SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nPss_File:       ",
1433 			mss->pss_file >> PSS_SHIFT);
1434 		SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nPss_Shmem:      ",
1435 			mss->pss_shmem >> PSS_SHIFT);
1436 	}
1437 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nShared_Clean:   ", mss->shared_clean);
1438 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nShared_Dirty:   ", mss->shared_dirty);
1439 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nPrivate_Clean:  ", mss->private_clean);
1440 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nPrivate_Dirty:  ", mss->private_dirty);
1441 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nReferenced:     ", mss->referenced);
1442 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nAnonymous:      ", mss->anonymous);
1443 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nKSM:            ", mss->ksm);
1444 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nLazyFree:       ", mss->lazyfree);
1445 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nAnonHugePages:  ", mss->anonymous_thp);
1446 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nShmemPmdMapped: ", mss->shmem_thp);
1447 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nFilePmdMapped:  ", mss->file_thp);
1448 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nShared_Hugetlb: ", mss->shared_hugetlb);
1449 	seq_put_decimal_ull_width(m, " kB\nPrivate_Hugetlb: ",
1450 				  mss->private_hugetlb >> 10, 7);
1451 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nSwap:           ", mss->swap);
1452 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nSwapPss:        ",
1453 					mss->swap_pss >> PSS_SHIFT);
1454 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nLocked:         ",
1455 					mss->pss_locked >> PSS_SHIFT);
1456 	seq_puts(m, " kB\n");
1457 }
1458 
1459 static int show_smap(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
1460 {
1461 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
1462 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
1463 	struct mem_size_stats mss = {};
1464 
1465 	smap_gather_stats(priv, vma, &mss, 0);
1466 
1467 	show_map_vma(m, vma);
1468 
1469 	SEQ_PUT_DEC("Size:           ", vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start);
1470 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nKernelPageSize: ", vma_kernel_pagesize(vma));
1471 	SEQ_PUT_DEC(" kB\nMMUPageSize:    ", vma_mmu_pagesize(vma));
1472 	seq_puts(m, " kB\n");
1473 
1474 	__show_smap(m, &mss, false);
1475 
1476 	seq_printf(m, "THPeligible:    %8u\n",
1477 		   !!thp_vma_allowable_orders(vma, vma->vm_flags, TVA_SMAPS,
1478 					      THP_ORDERS_ALL));
1479 
1480 	if (arch_pkeys_enabled())
1481 		seq_printf(m, "ProtectionKey:  %8u\n", vma_pkey(vma));
1482 	show_smap_vma_flags(m, vma);
1483 
1484 	return 0;
1485 }
1486 
1487 static int show_smaps_rollup(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
1488 {
1489 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = m->private;
1490 	struct mem_size_stats mss = {};
1491 	struct mm_struct *mm = priv->lock_ctx.mm;
1492 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1493 	unsigned long vma_start = 0, last_vma_end = 0;
1494 	int ret = 0;
1495 	VMA_ITERATOR(vmi, mm, 0);
1496 
1497 	priv->task = get_proc_task(priv->inode);
1498 	if (!priv->task)
1499 		return -ESRCH;
1500 
1501 	if (!mm || !mmget_not_zero(mm)) {
1502 		ret = -ESRCH;
1503 		goto out_put_task;
1504 	}
1505 
1506 	ret = lock_ctx_mm(&priv->lock_ctx);
1507 	if (ret)
1508 		goto out_put_mm;
1509 
1510 	hold_task_mempolicy(priv);
1511 	vma = vma_next(&vmi);
1512 
1513 	if (unlikely(!vma))
1514 		goto empty_set;
1515 
1516 	vma_start = vma->vm_start;
1517 	do {
1518 		smap_gather_stats(priv, vma, &mss, 0);
1519 		last_vma_end = vma->vm_end;
1520 
1521 		/*
1522 		 * Release mmap_lock temporarily if someone wants to
1523 		 * access it for write request.
1524 		 */
1525 		if (mmap_lock_is_contended(mm)) {
1526 			vma_iter_invalidate(&vmi);
1527 			unlock_ctx_mm(&priv->lock_ctx);
1528 			ret = lock_ctx_mm(&priv->lock_ctx);
1529 			if (ret) {
1530 				release_task_mempolicy(priv);
1531 				goto out_put_mm;
1532 			}
1533 
1534 			/*
1535 			 * After dropping the lock, there are four cases to
1536 			 * consider. See the following example for explanation.
1537 			 *
1538 			 *   +------+------+-----------+
1539 			 *   | VMA1 | VMA2 | VMA3      |
1540 			 *   +------+------+-----------+
1541 			 *   |      |      |           |
1542 			 *  4k     8k     16k         400k
1543 			 *
1544 			 * Suppose we drop the lock after reading VMA2 due to
1545 			 * contention, then we get:
1546 			 *
1547 			 *	last_vma_end = 16k
1548 			 *
1549 			 * 1) VMA2 is freed, but VMA3 exists:
1550 			 *
1551 			 *    vma_next(vmi) will return VMA3.
1552 			 *    In this case, just continue from VMA3.
1553 			 *
1554 			 * 2) VMA2 still exists:
1555 			 *
1556 			 *    vma_next(vmi) will return VMA3.
1557 			 *    In this case, just continue from VMA3.
1558 			 *
1559 			 * 3) No more VMAs can be found:
1560 			 *
1561 			 *    vma_next(vmi) will return NULL.
1562 			 *    No more things to do, just break.
1563 			 *
1564 			 * 4) (last_vma_end - 1) is the middle of a vma (VMA'):
1565 			 *
1566 			 *    vma_next(vmi) will return VMA' whose range
1567 			 *    contains last_vma_end.
1568 			 *    Iterate VMA' from last_vma_end.
1569 			 */
1570 			vma = vma_next(&vmi);
1571 			/* Case 3 above */
1572 			if (!vma)
1573 				break;
1574 
1575 			/* Case 1 and 2 above */
1576 			if (vma->vm_start >= last_vma_end) {
1577 				smap_gather_stats(priv, vma, &mss, 0);
1578 				last_vma_end = vma->vm_end;
1579 				continue;
1580 			}
1581 
1582 			/* Case 4 above */
1583 			if (vma->vm_end > last_vma_end) {
1584 				smap_gather_stats(priv, vma, &mss, last_vma_end);
1585 				last_vma_end = vma->vm_end;
1586 			}
1587 		}
1588 	} for_each_vma(vmi, vma);
1589 
1590 empty_set:
1591 	show_vma_header_prefix(m, vma_start, last_vma_end, 0, 0, 0, 0);
1592 	seq_pad(m, ' ');
1593 	seq_puts(m, "[rollup]\n");
1594 
1595 	__show_smap(m, &mss, true);
1596 
1597 	release_task_mempolicy(priv);
1598 	unlock_ctx_mm(&priv->lock_ctx);
1599 
1600 out_put_mm:
1601 	mmput(mm);
1602 out_put_task:
1603 	put_task_struct(priv->task);
1604 	priv->task = NULL;
1605 
1606 	return ret;
1607 }
1608 #undef SEQ_PUT_DEC
1609 
1610 static const struct seq_operations proc_pid_smaps_op = {
1611 	.start	= m_start,
1612 	.next	= m_next,
1613 	.stop	= m_stop,
1614 	.show	= show_smap
1615 };
1616 
1617 static int pid_smaps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1618 {
1619 	return do_maps_open(inode, file, &proc_pid_smaps_op);
1620 }
1621 
1622 static int smaps_rollup_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1623 {
1624 	int ret;
1625 	struct proc_maps_private *priv;
1626 
1627 	priv = kzalloc_obj(*priv, GFP_KERNEL_ACCOUNT);
1628 	if (!priv)
1629 		return -ENOMEM;
1630 
1631 	ret = single_open(file, show_smaps_rollup, priv);
1632 	if (ret)
1633 		goto out_free;
1634 
1635 	priv->inode = inode;
1636 	priv->lock_ctx.mm = proc_mem_open(inode, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
1637 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(priv->lock_ctx.mm)) {
1638 		ret = priv->lock_ctx.mm ? PTR_ERR(priv->lock_ctx.mm) : -ESRCH;
1639 
1640 		single_release(inode, file);
1641 		goto out_free;
1642 	}
1643 
1644 	return 0;
1645 
1646 out_free:
1647 	kfree(priv);
1648 	return ret;
1649 }
1650 
1651 static int smaps_rollup_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1652 {
1653 	struct seq_file *seq = file->private_data;
1654 	struct proc_maps_private *priv = seq->private;
1655 
1656 	if (priv->lock_ctx.mm)
1657 		mmdrop(priv->lock_ctx.mm);
1658 
1659 	kfree(priv);
1660 	return single_release(inode, file);
1661 }
1662 
1663 const struct file_operations proc_pid_smaps_operations = {
1664 	.open		= pid_smaps_open,
1665 	.read		= seq_read,
1666 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
1667 	.release	= proc_map_release,
1668 };
1669 
1670 const struct file_operations proc_pid_smaps_rollup_operations = {
1671 	.open		= smaps_rollup_open,
1672 	.read		= seq_read,
1673 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
1674 	.release	= smaps_rollup_release,
1675 };
1676 
1677 enum clear_refs_types {
1678 	CLEAR_REFS_ALL = 1,
1679 	CLEAR_REFS_ANON,
1680 	CLEAR_REFS_MAPPED,
1681 	CLEAR_REFS_SOFT_DIRTY,
1682 	CLEAR_REFS_MM_HIWATER_RSS,
1683 	CLEAR_REFS_LAST,
1684 };
1685 
1686 struct clear_refs_private {
1687 	enum clear_refs_types type;
1688 };
1689 
1690 static inline bool pte_is_pinned(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr, pte_t pte)
1691 {
1692 	struct folio *folio;
1693 
1694 	if (!pte_write(pte))
1695 		return false;
1696 	if (!vma_is_cow_mapping(vma))
1697 		return false;
1698 	if (likely(!mm_flags_test(MMF_HAS_PINNED, vma->vm_mm)))
1699 		return false;
1700 	folio = vm_normal_folio(vma, addr, pte);
1701 	if (!folio)
1702 		return false;
1703 	return folio_maybe_dma_pinned(folio);
1704 }
1705 
1706 static inline void clear_soft_dirty(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1707 		unsigned long addr, pte_t *pte)
1708 {
1709 	if (!pgtable_supports_soft_dirty())
1710 		return;
1711 	/*
1712 	 * The soft-dirty tracker uses #PF-s to catch writes
1713 	 * to pages, so write-protect the pte as well. See the
1714 	 * Documentation/admin-guide/mm/soft-dirty.rst for full description
1715 	 * of how soft-dirty works.
1716 	 */
1717 	pte_t ptent = ptep_get(pte);
1718 
1719 	if (pte_none(ptent))
1720 		return;
1721 
1722 	if (pte_present(ptent)) {
1723 		pte_t old_pte;
1724 
1725 		if (pte_is_pinned(vma, addr, ptent))
1726 			return;
1727 		old_pte = ptep_modify_prot_start(vma, addr, pte);
1728 		ptent = pte_wrprotect(old_pte);
1729 		ptent = pte_clear_soft_dirty(ptent);
1730 		ptep_modify_prot_commit(vma, addr, pte, old_pte, ptent);
1731 	} else {
1732 		ptent = pte_swp_clear_soft_dirty(ptent);
1733 		set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte, ptent);
1734 	}
1735 }
1736 
1737 #if defined(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE)
1738 static inline void clear_soft_dirty_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1739 		unsigned long addr, pmd_t *pmdp)
1740 {
1741 	pmd_t old, pmd = *pmdp;
1742 
1743 	if (!pgtable_supports_soft_dirty())
1744 		return;
1745 
1746 	if (pmd_present(pmd)) {
1747 		/* See comment in change_huge_pmd() */
1748 		old = pmdp_invalidate(vma, addr, pmdp);
1749 		if (pmd_dirty(old))
1750 			pmd = pmd_mkdirty(pmd);
1751 		if (pmd_young(old))
1752 			pmd = pmd_mkyoung(pmd);
1753 
1754 		pmd = pmd_wrprotect(pmd);
1755 		pmd = pmd_clear_soft_dirty(pmd);
1756 
1757 		set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pmdp, pmd);
1758 	} else if (pmd_is_migration_entry(pmd)) {
1759 		pmd = pmd_swp_clear_soft_dirty(pmd);
1760 		set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pmdp, pmd);
1761 	}
1762 }
1763 #else
1764 static inline void clear_soft_dirty_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
1765 		unsigned long addr, pmd_t *pmdp)
1766 {
1767 }
1768 #endif
1769 
1770 static int clear_refs_pte_range(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
1771 				unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
1772 {
1773 	struct clear_refs_private *cp = walk->private;
1774 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
1775 	pte_t *pte, ptent;
1776 	spinlock_t *ptl;
1777 	struct folio *folio;
1778 
1779 	ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
1780 	if (ptl) {
1781 		if (cp->type == CLEAR_REFS_SOFT_DIRTY) {
1782 			clear_soft_dirty_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
1783 			goto out;
1784 		}
1785 
1786 		if (!pmd_present(*pmd))
1787 			goto out;
1788 
1789 		folio = pmd_folio(*pmd);
1790 
1791 		/* Clear accessed and referenced bits. */
1792 		pmdp_test_and_clear_young(vma, addr, pmd);
1793 		folio_test_clear_young(folio);
1794 		folio_clear_referenced(folio);
1795 out:
1796 		spin_unlock(ptl);
1797 		return 0;
1798 	}
1799 
1800 	pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
1801 	if (!pte) {
1802 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
1803 		return 0;
1804 	}
1805 	for (; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
1806 		ptent = ptep_get(pte);
1807 
1808 		if (cp->type == CLEAR_REFS_SOFT_DIRTY) {
1809 			clear_soft_dirty(vma, addr, pte);
1810 			continue;
1811 		}
1812 
1813 		if (!pte_present(ptent))
1814 			continue;
1815 
1816 		folio = vm_normal_folio(vma, addr, ptent);
1817 		if (!folio)
1818 			continue;
1819 
1820 		/* Clear accessed and referenced bits. */
1821 		ptep_test_and_clear_young(vma, addr, pte);
1822 		folio_test_clear_young(folio);
1823 		folio_clear_referenced(folio);
1824 	}
1825 	pte_unmap_unlock(pte - 1, ptl);
1826 	cond_resched();
1827 	return 0;
1828 }
1829 
1830 static int clear_refs_test_walk(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
1831 				struct mm_walk *walk)
1832 {
1833 	struct clear_refs_private *cp = walk->private;
1834 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
1835 
1836 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP)
1837 		return 1;
1838 
1839 	/*
1840 	 * Writing 1 to /proc/pid/clear_refs affects all pages.
1841 	 * Writing 2 to /proc/pid/clear_refs only affects anonymous pages.
1842 	 * Writing 3 to /proc/pid/clear_refs only affects file mapped pages.
1843 	 * Writing 4 to /proc/pid/clear_refs affects all pages.
1844 	 */
1845 	if (cp->type == CLEAR_REFS_ANON && vma->vm_file)
1846 		return 1;
1847 	if (cp->type == CLEAR_REFS_MAPPED && !vma->vm_file)
1848 		return 1;
1849 	return 0;
1850 }
1851 
1852 static const struct mm_walk_ops clear_refs_walk_ops = {
1853 	.pmd_entry		= clear_refs_pte_range,
1854 	.test_walk		= clear_refs_test_walk,
1855 	.walk_lock		= PGWALK_WRLOCK,
1856 };
1857 
1858 static ssize_t clear_refs_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf,
1859 				size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
1860 {
1861 	struct task_struct *task;
1862 	char buffer[PROC_NUMBUF] = {};
1863 	struct mm_struct *mm;
1864 	struct vm_area_struct *vma;
1865 	enum clear_refs_types type;
1866 	int itype;
1867 	int rv;
1868 
1869 	if (count > sizeof(buffer) - 1)
1870 		count = sizeof(buffer) - 1;
1871 	if (copy_from_user(buffer, buf, count))
1872 		return -EFAULT;
1873 	rv = kstrtoint(strstrip(buffer), 10, &itype);
1874 	if (rv < 0)
1875 		return rv;
1876 	type = (enum clear_refs_types)itype;
1877 	if (type < CLEAR_REFS_ALL || type >= CLEAR_REFS_LAST)
1878 		return -EINVAL;
1879 
1880 	task = get_proc_task(file_inode(file));
1881 	if (!task)
1882 		return -ESRCH;
1883 	mm = get_task_mm(task);
1884 	if (mm) {
1885 		VMA_ITERATOR(vmi, mm, 0);
1886 		struct mmu_notifier_range range;
1887 		struct clear_refs_private cp = {
1888 			.type = type,
1889 		};
1890 
1891 		if (mmap_write_lock_killable(mm)) {
1892 			count = -EINTR;
1893 			goto out_mm;
1894 		}
1895 		if (type == CLEAR_REFS_MM_HIWATER_RSS) {
1896 			/*
1897 			 * Writing 5 to /proc/pid/clear_refs resets the peak
1898 			 * resident set size to this mm's current rss value.
1899 			 */
1900 			reset_mm_hiwater_rss(mm);
1901 			goto out_unlock;
1902 		}
1903 
1904 		if (type == CLEAR_REFS_SOFT_DIRTY) {
1905 			for_each_vma(vmi, vma) {
1906 				if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY))
1907 					continue;
1908 				vm_flags_clear(vma, VM_SOFTDIRTY);
1909 				vma_set_page_prot(vma);
1910 			}
1911 
1912 			inc_tlb_flush_pending(mm);
1913 			mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_SOFT_DIRTY,
1914 						0, mm, 0, -1UL);
1915 			mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
1916 		}
1917 		walk_page_range(mm, 0, -1, &clear_refs_walk_ops, &cp);
1918 		if (type == CLEAR_REFS_SOFT_DIRTY) {
1919 			mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
1920 			flush_tlb_mm(mm);
1921 			dec_tlb_flush_pending(mm);
1922 		}
1923 out_unlock:
1924 		mmap_write_unlock(mm);
1925 out_mm:
1926 		mmput(mm);
1927 	}
1928 	put_task_struct(task);
1929 
1930 	return count;
1931 }
1932 
1933 const struct file_operations proc_clear_refs_operations = {
1934 	.write		= clear_refs_write,
1935 	.llseek		= noop_llseek,
1936 };
1937 
1938 typedef struct {
1939 	u64 pme;
1940 } pagemap_entry_t;
1941 
1942 struct pagemapread {
1943 	int pos, len;		/* units: PM_ENTRY_BYTES, not bytes */
1944 	pagemap_entry_t *buffer;
1945 	bool show_pfn;
1946 };
1947 
1948 #define PAGEMAP_WALK_SIZE	(PMD_SIZE)
1949 #define PAGEMAP_WALK_MASK	(PMD_MASK)
1950 
1951 #define PM_ENTRY_BYTES		sizeof(pagemap_entry_t)
1952 #define PM_PFRAME_BITS		55
1953 #define PM_PFRAME_MASK		GENMASK_ULL(PM_PFRAME_BITS - 1, 0)
1954 #define PM_SOFT_DIRTY		BIT_ULL(55)
1955 #define PM_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE	BIT_ULL(56)
1956 #define PM_UFFD_WP		BIT_ULL(57)
1957 #define PM_GUARD_REGION		BIT_ULL(58)
1958 #define PM_FILE			BIT_ULL(61)
1959 #define PM_SWAP			BIT_ULL(62)
1960 #define PM_PRESENT		BIT_ULL(63)
1961 
1962 #define PM_END_OF_BUFFER    1
1963 
1964 static inline pagemap_entry_t make_pme(u64 frame, u64 flags)
1965 {
1966 	return (pagemap_entry_t) { .pme = (frame & PM_PFRAME_MASK) | flags };
1967 }
1968 
1969 static int add_to_pagemap(pagemap_entry_t *pme, struct pagemapread *pm)
1970 {
1971 	pm->buffer[pm->pos++] = *pme;
1972 	if (pm->pos >= pm->len)
1973 		return PM_END_OF_BUFFER;
1974 	return 0;
1975 }
1976 
1977 static bool __folio_page_mapped_exclusively(struct folio *folio, struct page *page)
1978 {
1979 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PAGE_MAPCOUNT))
1980 		return folio_precise_page_mapcount(folio, page) == 1;
1981 	return !folio_maybe_mapped_shared(folio);
1982 }
1983 
1984 static int pagemap_pte_hole(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
1985 			    __always_unused int depth, struct mm_walk *walk)
1986 {
1987 	struct pagemapread *pm = walk->private;
1988 	unsigned long addr = start;
1989 	int err = 0;
1990 
1991 	while (addr < end) {
1992 		struct vm_area_struct *vma = find_vma(walk->mm, addr);
1993 		pagemap_entry_t pme = make_pme(0, 0);
1994 		/* End of address space hole, which we mark as non-present. */
1995 		unsigned long hole_end;
1996 
1997 		if (vma)
1998 			hole_end = min(end, vma->vm_start);
1999 		else
2000 			hole_end = end;
2001 
2002 		for (; addr < hole_end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2003 			err = add_to_pagemap(&pme, pm);
2004 			if (err)
2005 				goto out;
2006 		}
2007 
2008 		if (!vma)
2009 			break;
2010 
2011 		/* Addresses in the VMA. */
2012 		if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY)
2013 			pme = make_pme(0, PM_SOFT_DIRTY);
2014 		for (; addr < min(end, vma->vm_end); addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2015 			err = add_to_pagemap(&pme, pm);
2016 			if (err)
2017 				goto out;
2018 		}
2019 	}
2020 out:
2021 	return err;
2022 }
2023 
2024 static pagemap_entry_t pte_to_pagemap_entry(struct pagemapread *pm,
2025 		struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr, pte_t pte)
2026 {
2027 	u64 frame = 0, flags = 0;
2028 	struct page *page = NULL;
2029 	struct folio *folio;
2030 
2031 	if (pte_none(pte))
2032 		goto out;
2033 
2034 	if (pte_present(pte)) {
2035 		if (pm->show_pfn)
2036 			frame = pte_pfn(pte);
2037 		flags |= PM_PRESENT;
2038 		page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, pte);
2039 		if (pte_soft_dirty(pte))
2040 			flags |= PM_SOFT_DIRTY;
2041 		if (pte_uffd(pte))
2042 			flags |= PM_UFFD_WP;
2043 	} else {
2044 		softleaf_t entry;
2045 
2046 		if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(pte))
2047 			flags |= PM_SOFT_DIRTY;
2048 		if (pte_swp_uffd(pte))
2049 			flags |= PM_UFFD_WP;
2050 		entry = softleaf_from_pte(pte);
2051 		if (pm->show_pfn) {
2052 			pgoff_t offset;
2053 
2054 			/*
2055 			 * For PFN swap offsets, keeping the offset field
2056 			 * to be PFN only to be compatible with old smaps.
2057 			 */
2058 			if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry))
2059 				offset = softleaf_to_pfn(entry);
2060 			else
2061 				offset = swp_offset(entry);
2062 			frame = swp_type(entry) |
2063 			    (offset << MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT);
2064 		}
2065 		flags |= PM_SWAP;
2066 		if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry))
2067 			page = softleaf_to_page(entry);
2068 		if (softleaf_is_uffd_wp_marker(entry))
2069 			flags |= PM_UFFD_WP;
2070 		if (softleaf_is_guard_marker(entry))
2071 			flags |=  PM_GUARD_REGION;
2072 	}
2073 
2074 	if (page) {
2075 		folio = page_folio(page);
2076 		if (!folio_test_anon(folio))
2077 			flags |= PM_FILE;
2078 		if ((flags & PM_PRESENT) &&
2079 		    __folio_page_mapped_exclusively(folio, page))
2080 			flags |= PM_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
2081 	}
2082 
2083 out:
2084 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY)
2085 		flags |= PM_SOFT_DIRTY;
2086 
2087 	return make_pme(frame, flags);
2088 }
2089 
2090 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
2091 static int pagemap_pmd_range_thp(pmd_t *pmdp, unsigned long addr,
2092 		unsigned long end, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2093 		struct pagemapread *pm)
2094 {
2095 	unsigned int idx = (addr & ~PMD_MASK) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
2096 	u64 flags = 0, frame = 0;
2097 	pmd_t pmd = *pmdp;
2098 	struct page *page = NULL;
2099 	struct folio *folio = NULL;
2100 	int err = 0;
2101 
2102 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY)
2103 		flags |= PM_SOFT_DIRTY;
2104 
2105 	if (pmd_none(pmd))
2106 		goto populate_pagemap;
2107 
2108 	if (pmd_present(pmd)) {
2109 		page = pmd_page(pmd);
2110 
2111 		flags |= PM_PRESENT;
2112 		if (pmd_soft_dirty(pmd))
2113 			flags |= PM_SOFT_DIRTY;
2114 		if (pmd_uffd(pmd))
2115 			flags |= PM_UFFD_WP;
2116 		if (pm->show_pfn)
2117 			frame = pmd_pfn(pmd) + idx;
2118 	} else if (thp_migration_supported()) {
2119 		const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pmd(pmd);
2120 		unsigned long offset;
2121 
2122 		if (pm->show_pfn) {
2123 			if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry))
2124 				offset = softleaf_to_pfn(entry) + idx;
2125 			else
2126 				offset = swp_offset(entry) + idx;
2127 			frame = swp_type(entry) |
2128 				(offset << MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT);
2129 		}
2130 		flags |= PM_SWAP;
2131 		if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(pmd))
2132 			flags |= PM_SOFT_DIRTY;
2133 		if (pmd_swp_uffd(pmd))
2134 			flags |= PM_UFFD_WP;
2135 		if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry))
2136 			page = softleaf_to_page(entry);
2137 	}
2138 
2139 	if (page) {
2140 		folio = page_folio(page);
2141 		if (!folio_test_anon(folio))
2142 			flags |= PM_FILE;
2143 	}
2144 
2145 populate_pagemap:
2146 	for (; addr != end; addr += PAGE_SIZE, idx++) {
2147 		u64 cur_flags = flags;
2148 		pagemap_entry_t pme;
2149 
2150 		if (folio && (flags & PM_PRESENT) &&
2151 		    __folio_page_mapped_exclusively(folio, page))
2152 			cur_flags |= PM_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
2153 
2154 		pme = make_pme(frame, cur_flags);
2155 		err = add_to_pagemap(&pme, pm);
2156 		if (err)
2157 			break;
2158 		if (pm->show_pfn) {
2159 			if (flags & PM_PRESENT)
2160 				frame++;
2161 			else if (flags & PM_SWAP)
2162 				frame += (1 << MAX_SWAPFILES_SHIFT);
2163 		}
2164 	}
2165 	return err;
2166 }
2167 #endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE */
2168 
2169 static int pagemap_pmd_range(pmd_t *pmdp, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
2170 			     struct mm_walk *walk)
2171 {
2172 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
2173 	struct pagemapread *pm = walk->private;
2174 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2175 	pte_t *pte, *orig_pte;
2176 	int err = 0;
2177 
2178 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
2179 	ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmdp, vma);
2180 	if (ptl) {
2181 		err = pagemap_pmd_range_thp(pmdp, addr, end, vma, pm);
2182 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2183 		return err;
2184 	}
2185 #endif
2186 
2187 	/*
2188 	 * We can assume that @vma always points to a valid one and @end never
2189 	 * goes beyond vma->vm_end.
2190 	 */
2191 	orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(walk->mm, pmdp, addr, &ptl);
2192 	if (!pte) {
2193 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
2194 		return err;
2195 	}
2196 	for (; addr < end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2197 		pagemap_entry_t pme;
2198 
2199 		pme = pte_to_pagemap_entry(pm, vma, addr, ptep_get(pte));
2200 		err = add_to_pagemap(&pme, pm);
2201 		if (err)
2202 			break;
2203 	}
2204 	pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
2205 
2206 	cond_resched();
2207 
2208 	return err;
2209 }
2210 
2211 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
2212 /* This function walks within one hugetlb entry in the single call */
2213 static int pagemap_hugetlb_range(pte_t *ptep, unsigned long hmask,
2214 				 unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
2215 				 struct mm_walk *walk)
2216 {
2217 	struct pagemapread *pm = walk->private;
2218 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
2219 	u64 flags = 0, frame = 0;
2220 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2221 	int err = 0;
2222 	pte_t pte;
2223 
2224 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY)
2225 		flags |= PM_SOFT_DIRTY;
2226 
2227 	ptl = huge_pte_lock(hstate_vma(vma), walk->mm, ptep);
2228 	pte = huge_ptep_get(walk->mm, addr, ptep);
2229 	if (pte_present(pte)) {
2230 		struct folio *folio = page_folio(pte_page(pte));
2231 
2232 		if (!folio_test_anon(folio))
2233 			flags |= PM_FILE;
2234 
2235 		if (!folio_maybe_mapped_shared(folio) &&
2236 		    !hugetlb_pmd_shared(ptep))
2237 			flags |= PM_MMAP_EXCLUSIVE;
2238 
2239 		if (huge_pte_uffd(pte))
2240 			flags |= PM_UFFD_WP;
2241 
2242 		flags |= PM_PRESENT;
2243 		if (pm->show_pfn)
2244 			frame = pte_pfn(pte) +
2245 				((addr & ~hmask) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
2246 	} else if (pte_swp_uffd_any(pte)) {
2247 		flags |= PM_UFFD_WP;
2248 	}
2249 
2250 	for (; addr != end; addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2251 		pagemap_entry_t pme = make_pme(frame, flags);
2252 
2253 		err = add_to_pagemap(&pme, pm);
2254 		if (err)
2255 			break;
2256 		if (pm->show_pfn && (flags & PM_PRESENT))
2257 			frame++;
2258 	}
2259 
2260 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2261 	cond_resched();
2262 
2263 	return err;
2264 }
2265 #else
2266 #define pagemap_hugetlb_range	NULL
2267 #endif /* HUGETLB_PAGE */
2268 
2269 static const struct mm_walk_ops pagemap_ops = {
2270 	.pmd_entry	= pagemap_pmd_range,
2271 	.pte_hole	= pagemap_pte_hole,
2272 	.hugetlb_entry	= pagemap_hugetlb_range,
2273 	.walk_lock	= PGWALK_RDLOCK,
2274 };
2275 
2276 /*
2277  * /proc/pid/pagemap - an array mapping virtual pages to pfns
2278  *
2279  * For each page in the address space, this file contains one 64-bit entry
2280  * consisting of the following:
2281  *
2282  * Bits 0-54  page frame number (PFN) if present
2283  * Bits 0-4   swap type if swapped
2284  * Bits 5-54  swap offset if swapped
2285  * Bit  55    pte is soft-dirty (see Documentation/admin-guide/mm/soft-dirty.rst)
2286  * Bit  56    page exclusively mapped
2287  * Bit  57    pte is tracked by userfaultfd (uffd-wp or RWP)
2288  * Bit  58    pte is a guard region
2289  * Bits 59-60 zero
2290  * Bit  61    page is file-page or shared-anon
2291  * Bit  62    page swapped
2292  * Bit  63    page present
2293  *
2294  * If the page is not present but in swap, then the PFN contains an
2295  * encoding of the swap file number and the page's offset into the
2296  * swap. Unmapped pages return a null PFN. This allows determining
2297  * precisely which pages are mapped (or in swap) and comparing mapped
2298  * pages between processes.
2299  *
2300  * Efficient users of this interface will use /proc/pid/maps to
2301  * determine which areas of memory are actually mapped and llseek to
2302  * skip over unmapped regions.
2303  */
2304 static ssize_t pagemap_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
2305 			    size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
2306 {
2307 	struct mm_struct *mm = file->private_data;
2308 	struct pagemapread pm;
2309 	unsigned long src;
2310 	unsigned long svpfn;
2311 	unsigned long start_vaddr;
2312 	unsigned long end_vaddr;
2313 	int ret = 0, copied = 0;
2314 
2315 	if (!mm || !mmget_not_zero(mm))
2316 		goto out;
2317 
2318 	ret = -EINVAL;
2319 	/* file position must be aligned */
2320 	if ((*ppos % PM_ENTRY_BYTES) || (count % PM_ENTRY_BYTES))
2321 		goto out_mm;
2322 
2323 	ret = 0;
2324 	if (!count)
2325 		goto out_mm;
2326 
2327 	/* do not disclose physical addresses: attack vector */
2328 	pm.show_pfn = file_ns_capable(file, &init_user_ns, CAP_SYS_ADMIN);
2329 
2330 	pm.len = (PAGEMAP_WALK_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT);
2331 	pm.buffer = kmalloc_array(pm.len, PM_ENTRY_BYTES, GFP_KERNEL);
2332 	ret = -ENOMEM;
2333 	if (!pm.buffer)
2334 		goto out_mm;
2335 
2336 	src = *ppos;
2337 	svpfn = src / PM_ENTRY_BYTES;
2338 	end_vaddr = mm->task_size;
2339 
2340 	/* watch out for wraparound */
2341 	start_vaddr = end_vaddr;
2342 	if (svpfn <= (ULONG_MAX >> PAGE_SHIFT)) {
2343 		unsigned long end;
2344 
2345 		ret = mmap_read_lock_killable(mm);
2346 		if (ret)
2347 			goto out_free;
2348 		start_vaddr = untagged_addr_remote(mm, svpfn << PAGE_SHIFT);
2349 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
2350 
2351 		end = start_vaddr + ((count / PM_ENTRY_BYTES) << PAGE_SHIFT);
2352 		if (end >= start_vaddr && end < mm->task_size)
2353 			end_vaddr = end;
2354 	}
2355 
2356 	/* Ensure the address is inside the task */
2357 	if (start_vaddr > mm->task_size)
2358 		start_vaddr = end_vaddr;
2359 
2360 	ret = 0;
2361 	while (count && (start_vaddr < end_vaddr)) {
2362 		int len;
2363 		unsigned long end;
2364 
2365 		pm.pos = 0;
2366 		end = (start_vaddr + PAGEMAP_WALK_SIZE) & PAGEMAP_WALK_MASK;
2367 		/* overflow ? */
2368 		if (end < start_vaddr || end > end_vaddr)
2369 			end = end_vaddr;
2370 		ret = mmap_read_lock_killable(mm);
2371 		if (ret)
2372 			goto out_free;
2373 		ret = walk_page_range(mm, start_vaddr, end, &pagemap_ops, &pm);
2374 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
2375 		start_vaddr = end;
2376 
2377 		len = min(count, PM_ENTRY_BYTES * pm.pos);
2378 		if (copy_to_user(buf, pm.buffer, len)) {
2379 			ret = -EFAULT;
2380 			goto out_free;
2381 		}
2382 		copied += len;
2383 		buf += len;
2384 		count -= len;
2385 	}
2386 	*ppos += copied;
2387 	if (!ret || ret == PM_END_OF_BUFFER)
2388 		ret = copied;
2389 
2390 out_free:
2391 	kfree(pm.buffer);
2392 out_mm:
2393 	mmput(mm);
2394 out:
2395 	return ret;
2396 }
2397 
2398 static int pagemap_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2399 {
2400 	struct mm_struct *mm;
2401 
2402 	mm = proc_mem_open(inode, PTRACE_MODE_READ);
2403 	if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(mm))
2404 		return mm ? PTR_ERR(mm) : -ESRCH;
2405 	file->private_data = mm;
2406 	return 0;
2407 }
2408 
2409 static int pagemap_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
2410 {
2411 	struct mm_struct *mm = file->private_data;
2412 
2413 	if (mm)
2414 		mmdrop(mm);
2415 	return 0;
2416 }
2417 
2418 #define PM_SCAN_CATEGORIES	(PAGE_IS_WPALLOWED | PAGE_IS_WRITTEN |	\
2419 				 PAGE_IS_FILE |	PAGE_IS_PRESENT |	\
2420 				 PAGE_IS_SWAPPED | PAGE_IS_PFNZERO |	\
2421 				 PAGE_IS_HUGE | PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY |	\
2422 				 PAGE_IS_GUARD | PAGE_IS_ACCESSED)
2423 #define PM_SCAN_FLAGS		(PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING | PM_SCAN_CHECK_WPASYNC)
2424 
2425 struct pagemap_scan_private {
2426 	struct pm_scan_arg arg;
2427 	unsigned long masks_of_interest, cur_vma_category;
2428 	struct page_region *vec_buf;
2429 	unsigned long vec_buf_len, vec_buf_index, found_pages;
2430 	struct page_region __user *vec_out;
2431 };
2432 
2433 static unsigned long pagemap_page_category(struct pagemap_scan_private *p,
2434 					   struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2435 					   unsigned long addr, pte_t pte)
2436 {
2437 	unsigned long categories;
2438 
2439 	if (pte_none(pte)) {
2440 		/*
2441 		 * An unpopulated pte carries no uffd bit, i.e. it is not
2442 		 * write-protected. The PAGE_IS_WRITTEN fast path in
2443 		 * pagemap_scan_pmd_entry() is now gated on a VM_UFFD_WP VMA;
2444 		 * gate the pte_none report here the same way so the two paths
2445 		 * still agree. RWP has no such fast path and an unpopulated
2446 		 * page is not part of the RWP working set, so it is reported as
2447 		 * neither.
2448 		 */
2449 		if (userfaultfd_wp(vma))
2450 			return PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
2451 		return 0;
2452 	}
2453 
2454 	if (pte_present(pte)) {
2455 		struct page *page;
2456 
2457 		categories = PAGE_IS_PRESENT;
2458 
2459 		if (!pte_uffd(pte)) {
2460 			if (userfaultfd_wp(vma))
2461 				categories |= PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
2462 			if (userfaultfd_rwp(vma))
2463 				categories |= PAGE_IS_ACCESSED;
2464 		}
2465 
2466 		if (p->masks_of_interest & PAGE_IS_FILE) {
2467 			page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, pte);
2468 			if (page && !PageAnon(page))
2469 				categories |= PAGE_IS_FILE;
2470 		}
2471 
2472 		if (is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pte)))
2473 			categories |= PAGE_IS_PFNZERO;
2474 		if (pte_soft_dirty(pte))
2475 			categories |= PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY;
2476 	} else {
2477 		softleaf_t entry;
2478 
2479 		categories = PAGE_IS_SWAPPED;
2480 
2481 		if (!pte_swp_uffd_any(pte)) {
2482 			if (userfaultfd_wp(vma))
2483 				categories |= PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
2484 			if (userfaultfd_rwp(vma))
2485 				categories |= PAGE_IS_ACCESSED;
2486 		}
2487 
2488 		entry = softleaf_from_pte(pte);
2489 		if (softleaf_is_guard_marker(entry))
2490 			categories |= PAGE_IS_GUARD;
2491 		else if ((p->masks_of_interest & PAGE_IS_FILE) &&
2492 			 softleaf_has_pfn(entry) &&
2493 			 !folio_test_anon(softleaf_to_folio(entry)))
2494 			categories |= PAGE_IS_FILE;
2495 
2496 		if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(pte))
2497 			categories |= PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY;
2498 	}
2499 
2500 	return categories;
2501 }
2502 
2503 static void make_uffd_wp_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2504 			     unsigned long addr, pte_t *pte, pte_t ptent)
2505 {
2506 	if (pte_present(ptent)) {
2507 		pte_t old_pte;
2508 
2509 		old_pte = ptep_modify_prot_start(vma, addr, pte);
2510 		ptent = pte_mkuffd(old_pte);
2511 		ptep_modify_prot_commit(vma, addr, pte, old_pte, ptent);
2512 	} else if (pte_none(ptent)) {
2513 		set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte,
2514 			   make_pte_marker(PTE_MARKER_UFFD_WP));
2515 	} else {
2516 		ptent = pte_swp_mkuffd(ptent);
2517 		set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pte, ptent);
2518 	}
2519 }
2520 
2521 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
2522 static unsigned long pagemap_thp_category(struct pagemap_scan_private *p,
2523 					  struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2524 					  unsigned long addr, pmd_t pmd)
2525 {
2526 	unsigned long categories = PAGE_IS_HUGE;
2527 
2528 	if (pmd_none(pmd))
2529 		return categories;
2530 
2531 	if (pmd_present(pmd)) {
2532 		struct page *page;
2533 
2534 		categories |= PAGE_IS_PRESENT;
2535 		if (!pmd_uffd(pmd)) {
2536 			if (userfaultfd_wp(vma))
2537 				categories |= PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
2538 			if (userfaultfd_rwp(vma))
2539 				categories |= PAGE_IS_ACCESSED;
2540 		}
2541 
2542 		if (p->masks_of_interest & PAGE_IS_FILE) {
2543 			page = vm_normal_page_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
2544 			if (page && !PageAnon(page))
2545 				categories |= PAGE_IS_FILE;
2546 		}
2547 
2548 		if (is_huge_zero_pmd(pmd))
2549 			categories |= PAGE_IS_PFNZERO;
2550 		if (pmd_soft_dirty(pmd))
2551 			categories |= PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY;
2552 	} else {
2553 		categories |= PAGE_IS_SWAPPED;
2554 		if (!pmd_swp_uffd(pmd)) {
2555 			if (userfaultfd_wp(vma))
2556 				categories |= PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
2557 			if (userfaultfd_rwp(vma))
2558 				categories |= PAGE_IS_ACCESSED;
2559 		}
2560 		if (pmd_swp_soft_dirty(pmd))
2561 			categories |= PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY;
2562 
2563 		if (p->masks_of_interest & PAGE_IS_FILE) {
2564 			const softleaf_t entry = softleaf_from_pmd(pmd);
2565 
2566 			if (softleaf_has_pfn(entry) &&
2567 			    !folio_test_anon(softleaf_to_folio(entry)))
2568 				categories |= PAGE_IS_FILE;
2569 		}
2570 	}
2571 
2572 	return categories;
2573 }
2574 
2575 static void make_uffd_wp_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2576 			     unsigned long addr, pmd_t *pmdp)
2577 {
2578 	pmd_t old, pmd = *pmdp;
2579 
2580 	if (pmd_present(pmd)) {
2581 		old = pmdp_invalidate_ad(vma, addr, pmdp);
2582 		pmd = pmd_mkuffd(old);
2583 		set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pmdp, pmd);
2584 	} else if (pmd_is_migration_entry(pmd)) {
2585 		pmd = pmd_swp_mkuffd(pmd);
2586 		set_pmd_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, pmdp, pmd);
2587 	}
2588 }
2589 #endif /* CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE */
2590 
2591 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
2592 static unsigned long pagemap_hugetlb_category(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2593 					      pte_t pte)
2594 {
2595 	unsigned long categories = PAGE_IS_HUGE;
2596 
2597 	if (pte_none(pte))
2598 		return categories;
2599 
2600 	/*
2601 	 * According to pagemap_hugetlb_range(), file-backed HugeTLB
2602 	 * page cannot be swapped. So PAGE_IS_FILE is not checked for
2603 	 * swapped pages.
2604 	 */
2605 	if (pte_present(pte)) {
2606 		categories |= PAGE_IS_PRESENT;
2607 
2608 		if (!huge_pte_uffd(pte)) {
2609 			if (userfaultfd_wp(vma))
2610 				categories |= PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
2611 			if (userfaultfd_rwp(vma))
2612 				categories |= PAGE_IS_ACCESSED;
2613 		}
2614 		if (!PageAnon(pte_page(pte)))
2615 			categories |= PAGE_IS_FILE;
2616 		if (is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(pte)))
2617 			categories |= PAGE_IS_PFNZERO;
2618 		if (pte_soft_dirty(pte))
2619 			categories |= PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY;
2620 	} else {
2621 		categories |= PAGE_IS_SWAPPED;
2622 
2623 		if (!pte_swp_uffd_any(pte)) {
2624 			if (userfaultfd_wp(vma))
2625 				categories |= PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
2626 			if (userfaultfd_rwp(vma))
2627 				categories |= PAGE_IS_ACCESSED;
2628 		}
2629 		if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(pte))
2630 			categories |= PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY;
2631 	}
2632 
2633 	return categories;
2634 }
2635 
2636 static void make_uffd_wp_huge_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
2637 				  unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep,
2638 				  pte_t ptent)
2639 {
2640 	const unsigned long psize = huge_page_size(hstate_vma(vma));
2641 	softleaf_t entry;
2642 
2643 	if (huge_pte_none(ptent)) {
2644 		set_huge_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, ptep,
2645 				make_pte_marker(PTE_MARKER_UFFD_WP), psize);
2646 		return;
2647 	}
2648 
2649 	entry = softleaf_from_pte(ptent);
2650 	if (softleaf_is_hwpoison(entry) || softleaf_is_marker(entry))
2651 		return;
2652 
2653 	if (softleaf_is_migration(entry)) {
2654 		set_huge_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, addr, ptep,
2655 				pte_swp_mkuffd(ptent), psize);
2656 	} else {
2657 		pte_t old_pte, new_pte;
2658 
2659 		old_pte = huge_ptep_modify_prot_start(vma, addr, ptep);
2660 		new_pte = huge_pte_mkuffd(old_pte);
2661 		huge_ptep_modify_prot_commit(vma, addr, ptep, old_pte, new_pte);
2662 	}
2663 }
2664 #endif /* CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE */
2665 
2666 #if defined(CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE) || defined(CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE)
2667 static void pagemap_scan_backout_range(struct pagemap_scan_private *p,
2668 				       unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
2669 {
2670 	struct page_region *cur_buf = &p->vec_buf[p->vec_buf_index];
2671 
2672 	if (!p->vec_buf)
2673 		return;
2674 
2675 	if (cur_buf->start != addr)
2676 		cur_buf->end = addr;
2677 	else
2678 		cur_buf->start = cur_buf->end = 0;
2679 
2680 	p->found_pages -= (end - addr) / PAGE_SIZE;
2681 }
2682 #endif
2683 
2684 static bool pagemap_scan_is_interesting_page(unsigned long categories,
2685 					     const struct pagemap_scan_private *p)
2686 {
2687 	categories ^= p->arg.category_inverted;
2688 	if ((categories & p->arg.category_mask) != p->arg.category_mask)
2689 		return false;
2690 	if (p->arg.category_anyof_mask && !(categories & p->arg.category_anyof_mask))
2691 		return false;
2692 
2693 	return true;
2694 }
2695 
2696 static bool pagemap_scan_is_interesting_vma(unsigned long categories,
2697 					    const struct pagemap_scan_private *p)
2698 {
2699 	unsigned long required = p->arg.category_mask & PAGE_IS_WPALLOWED;
2700 
2701 	categories ^= p->arg.category_inverted;
2702 	if ((categories & required) != required)
2703 		return false;
2704 
2705 	return true;
2706 }
2707 
2708 static int pagemap_scan_test_walk(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
2709 				  struct mm_walk *walk)
2710 {
2711 	struct pagemap_scan_private *p = walk->private;
2712 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
2713 	unsigned long vma_category = 0;
2714 	bool wp_allowed = userfaultfd_wp_async(vma) &&
2715 	    userfaultfd_wp_use_markers(vma);
2716 
2717 	if (!wp_allowed) {
2718 		/* User requested explicit failure over wp-async capability */
2719 		if (p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_CHECK_WPASYNC)
2720 			return -EPERM;
2721 		/*
2722 		 * User requires wr-protect, and allows silently skipping
2723 		 * unsupported vmas.
2724 		 */
2725 		if (p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING)
2726 			return 1;
2727 		/*
2728 		 * Then the request doesn't involve wr-protects at all,
2729 		 * fall through to the rest checks, and allow vma walk.
2730 		 */
2731 	}
2732 
2733 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP)
2734 		return 1;
2735 
2736 	if (wp_allowed)
2737 		vma_category |= PAGE_IS_WPALLOWED;
2738 
2739 	if (vma->vm_flags & VM_SOFTDIRTY)
2740 		vma_category |= PAGE_IS_SOFT_DIRTY;
2741 
2742 	if (!pagemap_scan_is_interesting_vma(vma_category, p))
2743 		return 1;
2744 
2745 	p->cur_vma_category = vma_category;
2746 
2747 	return 0;
2748 }
2749 
2750 static bool pagemap_scan_push_range(unsigned long categories,
2751 				    struct pagemap_scan_private *p,
2752 				    unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
2753 {
2754 	struct page_region *cur_buf = &p->vec_buf[p->vec_buf_index];
2755 
2756 	/*
2757 	 * When there is no output buffer provided at all, the sentinel values
2758 	 * won't match here. There is no other way for `cur_buf->end` to be
2759 	 * non-zero other than it being non-empty.
2760 	 */
2761 	if (addr == cur_buf->end && categories == cur_buf->categories) {
2762 		cur_buf->end = end;
2763 		return true;
2764 	}
2765 
2766 	if (cur_buf->end) {
2767 		if (p->vec_buf_index >= p->vec_buf_len - 1)
2768 			return false;
2769 
2770 		cur_buf = &p->vec_buf[++p->vec_buf_index];
2771 	}
2772 
2773 	cur_buf->start = addr;
2774 	cur_buf->end = end;
2775 	cur_buf->categories = categories;
2776 
2777 	return true;
2778 }
2779 
2780 static int pagemap_scan_output(unsigned long categories,
2781 			       struct pagemap_scan_private *p,
2782 			       unsigned long addr, unsigned long *end)
2783 {
2784 	unsigned long n_pages, total_pages;
2785 	int ret = 0;
2786 
2787 	if (!p->vec_buf)
2788 		return 0;
2789 
2790 	categories &= p->arg.return_mask;
2791 
2792 	n_pages = (*end - addr) / PAGE_SIZE;
2793 	if (check_add_overflow(p->found_pages, n_pages, &total_pages) ||
2794 	    total_pages > p->arg.max_pages) {
2795 		size_t n_too_much = total_pages - p->arg.max_pages;
2796 		*end -= n_too_much * PAGE_SIZE;
2797 		n_pages -= n_too_much;
2798 		ret = -ENOSPC;
2799 	}
2800 
2801 	if (!pagemap_scan_push_range(categories, p, addr, *end)) {
2802 		*end = addr;
2803 		n_pages = 0;
2804 		ret = -ENOSPC;
2805 	}
2806 
2807 	p->found_pages += n_pages;
2808 	if (ret)
2809 		p->arg.walk_end = *end;
2810 
2811 	return ret;
2812 }
2813 
2814 static int pagemap_scan_thp_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
2815 				  unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
2816 {
2817 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
2818 	struct pagemap_scan_private *p = walk->private;
2819 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
2820 	unsigned long categories;
2821 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2822 	int ret = 0;
2823 
2824 	ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
2825 	if (!ptl)
2826 		return -ENOENT;
2827 
2828 	categories = p->cur_vma_category |
2829 		     pagemap_thp_category(p, vma, start, *pmd);
2830 
2831 	if (!pagemap_scan_is_interesting_page(categories, p))
2832 		goto out_unlock;
2833 
2834 	ret = pagemap_scan_output(categories, p, start, &end);
2835 	if (start == end)
2836 		goto out_unlock;
2837 
2838 	if (~p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING)
2839 		goto out_unlock;
2840 	if (~categories & PAGE_IS_WRITTEN)
2841 		goto out_unlock;
2842 
2843 	/*
2844 	 * Break huge page into small pages if the WP operation
2845 	 * needs to be performed on a portion of the huge page.
2846 	 */
2847 	if (end != start + HPAGE_SIZE) {
2848 		spin_unlock(ptl);
2849 		split_huge_pmd(vma, pmd, start);
2850 		pagemap_scan_backout_range(p, start, end);
2851 		/* Report as if there was no THP */
2852 		return -ENOENT;
2853 	}
2854 
2855 	make_uffd_wp_pmd(vma, start, pmd);
2856 	flush_tlb_range(vma, start, end);
2857 out_unlock:
2858 	spin_unlock(ptl);
2859 	return ret;
2860 #else /* !CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE */
2861 	return -ENOENT;
2862 #endif
2863 }
2864 
2865 static int pagemap_scan_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long start,
2866 				  unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
2867 {
2868 	struct pagemap_scan_private *p = walk->private;
2869 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
2870 	unsigned long addr, flush_end = 0;
2871 	pte_t *pte, *start_pte;
2872 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2873 	int ret;
2874 
2875 	ret = pagemap_scan_thp_entry(pmd, start, end, walk);
2876 	if (ret != -ENOENT)
2877 		return ret;
2878 
2879 	ret = 0;
2880 	start_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(vma->vm_mm, pmd, start, &ptl);
2881 	if (!pte) {
2882 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
2883 		return 0;
2884 	}
2885 
2886 	lazy_mmu_mode_enable();
2887 
2888 	if ((p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING) && !p->vec_out) {
2889 		/* Fast path for performing exclusive WP */
2890 		for (addr = start; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2891 			pte_t ptent = ptep_get(pte);
2892 
2893 			if ((pte_present(ptent) && pte_uffd(ptent)) ||
2894 			    pte_swp_uffd_any(ptent))
2895 				continue;
2896 			make_uffd_wp_pte(vma, addr, pte, ptent);
2897 			if (!flush_end)
2898 				start = addr;
2899 			flush_end = addr + PAGE_SIZE;
2900 		}
2901 		goto flush_and_return;
2902 	}
2903 
2904 	if (userfaultfd_wp(vma) && !p->arg.category_anyof_mask &&
2905 	    !p->arg.category_inverted &&
2906 	    p->arg.category_mask == PAGE_IS_WRITTEN &&
2907 	    p->arg.return_mask == PAGE_IS_WRITTEN) {
2908 		for (addr = start; addr < end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2909 			unsigned long next = addr + PAGE_SIZE;
2910 			pte_t ptent = ptep_get(pte);
2911 
2912 			if ((pte_present(ptent) && pte_uffd(ptent)) ||
2913 			    pte_swp_uffd_any(ptent))
2914 				continue;
2915 			ret = pagemap_scan_output(p->cur_vma_category | PAGE_IS_WRITTEN,
2916 						  p, addr, &next);
2917 			if (next == addr)
2918 				break;
2919 			if (~p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING)
2920 				continue;
2921 			make_uffd_wp_pte(vma, addr, pte, ptent);
2922 			if (!flush_end)
2923 				start = addr;
2924 			flush_end = next;
2925 		}
2926 		goto flush_and_return;
2927 	}
2928 
2929 	for (addr = start; addr != end; pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE) {
2930 		pte_t ptent = ptep_get(pte);
2931 		unsigned long categories = p->cur_vma_category |
2932 					   pagemap_page_category(p, vma, addr, ptent);
2933 		unsigned long next = addr + PAGE_SIZE;
2934 
2935 		if (!pagemap_scan_is_interesting_page(categories, p))
2936 			continue;
2937 
2938 		ret = pagemap_scan_output(categories, p, addr, &next);
2939 		if (next == addr)
2940 			break;
2941 
2942 		if (~p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING)
2943 			continue;
2944 		if (~categories & PAGE_IS_WRITTEN)
2945 			continue;
2946 
2947 		make_uffd_wp_pte(vma, addr, pte, ptent);
2948 		if (!flush_end)
2949 			start = addr;
2950 		flush_end = next;
2951 	}
2952 
2953 flush_and_return:
2954 	if (flush_end)
2955 		flush_tlb_range(vma, start, addr);
2956 
2957 	lazy_mmu_mode_disable();
2958 	pte_unmap_unlock(start_pte, ptl);
2959 
2960 	cond_resched();
2961 	return ret;
2962 }
2963 
2964 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
2965 static int pagemap_scan_hugetlb_entry(pte_t *ptep, unsigned long hmask,
2966 				      unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
2967 				      struct mm_walk *walk)
2968 {
2969 	struct pagemap_scan_private *p = walk->private;
2970 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
2971 	unsigned long categories;
2972 	spinlock_t *ptl;
2973 	int ret = 0;
2974 	pte_t pte;
2975 
2976 	if (~p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING) {
2977 		/* Go the short route when not write-protecting pages. */
2978 
2979 		pte = huge_ptep_get(walk->mm, start, ptep);
2980 		categories = p->cur_vma_category |
2981 			     pagemap_hugetlb_category(vma, pte);
2982 
2983 		if (!pagemap_scan_is_interesting_page(categories, p))
2984 			return 0;
2985 
2986 		return pagemap_scan_output(categories, p, start, &end);
2987 	}
2988 
2989 	i_mmap_lock_write(vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
2990 	ptl = huge_pte_lock(hstate_vma(vma), vma->vm_mm, ptep);
2991 
2992 	pte = huge_ptep_get(walk->mm, start, ptep);
2993 	categories = p->cur_vma_category | pagemap_hugetlb_category(vma, pte);
2994 
2995 	if (!pagemap_scan_is_interesting_page(categories, p))
2996 		goto out_unlock;
2997 
2998 	ret = pagemap_scan_output(categories, p, start, &end);
2999 	if (start == end)
3000 		goto out_unlock;
3001 
3002 	if (~categories & PAGE_IS_WRITTEN)
3003 		goto out_unlock;
3004 
3005 	if (end != start + huge_page_size(hstate_vma(vma))) {
3006 		/* Partial HugeTLB page WP isn't possible. */
3007 		pagemap_scan_backout_range(p, start, end);
3008 		p->arg.walk_end = start;
3009 		ret = 0;
3010 		goto out_unlock;
3011 	}
3012 
3013 	make_uffd_wp_huge_pte(vma, start, ptep, pte);
3014 	flush_hugetlb_tlb_range(vma, start, end);
3015 
3016 out_unlock:
3017 	spin_unlock(ptl);
3018 	i_mmap_unlock_write(vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
3019 
3020 	return ret;
3021 }
3022 
3023 /*
3024  * Write-protect the unpopulated hugetlb entries covering [addr, end) by
3025  * installing uffd-wp markers inline, exactly as pagemap_scan_hugetlb_entry()
3026  * does for populated entries.
3027  *
3028  * walk_hugetlb_range() currently calls ->pte_hole() once per huge page, so the
3029  * loop normally runs a single iteration; it is written to cover the full range
3030  * in case the walker ever coalesces adjacent holes.
3031  *
3032  * The obvious route -- uffd_wp_range() -> hugetlb_change_protection() --
3033  * cannot be used here: it takes hugetlb_vma_lock_write(), but the page-table
3034  * walker (walk_hugetlb_range()) already holds hugetlb_vma_lock_read() on the
3035  * same VMA, so the scanning thread would deadlock against itself. PMD sharing
3036  * is disabled on uffd-wp VMAs (hugetlb_unshare_all_pmds() at registration), so
3037  * the vma lock guards nothing that matters for these entries anyway.
3038  */
3039 static int pagemap_scan_hugetlb_hole_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3040 					unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
3041 {
3042 	struct hstate *h = hstate_vma(vma);
3043 	unsigned long psize = huge_page_size(h);
3044 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
3045 	spinlock_t *ptl;
3046 	pte_t *ptep;
3047 	pte_t pte;
3048 
3049 	for (addr = ALIGN_DOWN(addr, psize); addr < end; addr += psize) {
3050 		ptep = huge_pte_alloc(mm, vma, addr, psize);
3051 		if (!ptep)
3052 			return -ENOMEM;
3053 
3054 		i_mmap_lock_write(vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
3055 		ptl = huge_pte_lock(h, mm, ptep);
3056 		pte = huge_ptep_get(mm, addr, ptep);
3057 		make_uffd_wp_huge_pte(vma, addr, ptep, pte);
3058 		/*
3059 		 * A none entry has no cached translation, so installing the
3060 		 * marker needs no TLB flush. Flush only if a fault populated
3061 		 * the entry between huge_pte_alloc() and the page table lock.
3062 		 */
3063 		if (!huge_pte_none(pte))
3064 			flush_hugetlb_tlb_range(vma, addr, addr + psize);
3065 		spin_unlock(ptl);
3066 		i_mmap_unlock_write(vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
3067 	}
3068 
3069 	return 0;
3070 }
3071 #else
3072 #define pagemap_scan_hugetlb_entry NULL
3073 static int pagemap_scan_hugetlb_hole_wp(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3074 					unsigned long addr, unsigned long end)
3075 {
3076 	return 0;
3077 }
3078 #endif
3079 
3080 static int pagemap_scan_pte_hole(unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
3081 				 int depth, struct mm_walk *walk)
3082 {
3083 	struct pagemap_scan_private *p = walk->private;
3084 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
3085 	unsigned long categories;
3086 	int ret, err;
3087 
3088 	if (!vma)
3089 		return 0;
3090 
3091 	/*
3092 	 * In a uffd-wp VMA an unpopulated range is treated as written:
3093 	 * uffd-wp registration populates page tables and installs markers
3094 	 * with WP_UNPOPULATED, so a missing marker means the range was
3095 	 * zapped. See the pte_none() handling in pagemap_page_category().
3096 	 *
3097 	 * hugetlb differs, see pagemap_hugetlb_category().
3098 	 */
3099 	categories = p->cur_vma_category;
3100 	if (userfaultfd_wp(vma) && !is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
3101 		categories |= PAGE_IS_WRITTEN;
3102 
3103 	if (!pagemap_scan_is_interesting_page(categories, p))
3104 		return 0;
3105 
3106 	ret = pagemap_scan_output(categories, p, addr, &end);
3107 	if (addr == end)
3108 		return ret;
3109 
3110 	if (~p->arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING)
3111 		return ret;
3112 
3113 	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
3114 		err = pagemap_scan_hugetlb_hole_wp(vma, addr, end);
3115 	else
3116 		err = uffd_wp_range(vma, addr, end - addr, true);
3117 	if (err < 0)
3118 		ret = err;
3119 
3120 	return ret;
3121 }
3122 
3123 static const struct mm_walk_ops pagemap_scan_ops = {
3124 	.test_walk = pagemap_scan_test_walk,
3125 	.pmd_entry = pagemap_scan_pmd_entry,
3126 	.pte_hole = pagemap_scan_pte_hole,
3127 	.hugetlb_entry = pagemap_scan_hugetlb_entry,
3128 };
3129 
3130 static int pagemap_scan_get_args(struct pm_scan_arg *arg,
3131 				 unsigned long uarg)
3132 {
3133 	if (copy_from_user(arg, (void __user *)uarg, sizeof(*arg)))
3134 		return -EFAULT;
3135 
3136 	if (arg->size != sizeof(struct pm_scan_arg))
3137 		return -EINVAL;
3138 
3139 	/* Validate requested features */
3140 	if (arg->flags & ~PM_SCAN_FLAGS)
3141 		return -EINVAL;
3142 	if ((arg->category_inverted | arg->category_mask |
3143 	     arg->category_anyof_mask | arg->return_mask) & ~PM_SCAN_CATEGORIES)
3144 		return -EINVAL;
3145 
3146 	arg->start = untagged_addr((unsigned long)arg->start);
3147 	arg->end = untagged_addr((unsigned long)arg->end);
3148 	arg->vec = untagged_addr((unsigned long)arg->vec);
3149 
3150 	/* Validate memory pointers */
3151 	if (!IS_ALIGNED(arg->start, PAGE_SIZE))
3152 		return -EINVAL;
3153 	if (!access_ok((void __user *)(long)arg->start, arg->end - arg->start))
3154 		return -EFAULT;
3155 	if (!arg->vec && arg->vec_len)
3156 		return -EINVAL;
3157 	if (UINT_MAX == SIZE_MAX && arg->vec_len > SIZE_MAX)
3158 		return -EINVAL;
3159 	if (arg->vec && !access_ok((void __user *)(long)arg->vec,
3160 				   size_mul(arg->vec_len, sizeof(struct page_region))))
3161 		return -EFAULT;
3162 
3163 	/* Fixup default values */
3164 	arg->end = ALIGN(arg->end, PAGE_SIZE);
3165 	arg->walk_end = 0;
3166 	if (!arg->max_pages)
3167 		arg->max_pages = ULONG_MAX;
3168 
3169 	return 0;
3170 }
3171 
3172 static int pagemap_scan_writeback_args(struct pm_scan_arg *arg,
3173 				       unsigned long uargl)
3174 {
3175 	struct pm_scan_arg __user *uarg	= (void __user *)uargl;
3176 
3177 	if (copy_to_user(&uarg->walk_end, &arg->walk_end, sizeof(arg->walk_end)))
3178 		return -EFAULT;
3179 
3180 	return 0;
3181 }
3182 
3183 static int pagemap_scan_init_bounce_buffer(struct pagemap_scan_private *p)
3184 {
3185 	if (!p->arg.vec_len)
3186 		return 0;
3187 
3188 	p->vec_buf_len = min_t(size_t, PAGEMAP_WALK_SIZE >> PAGE_SHIFT,
3189 			       p->arg.vec_len);
3190 	p->vec_buf = kmalloc_objs(*p->vec_buf, p->vec_buf_len);
3191 	if (!p->vec_buf)
3192 		return -ENOMEM;
3193 
3194 	p->vec_buf->start = p->vec_buf->end = 0;
3195 	p->vec_out = (struct page_region __user *)(long)p->arg.vec;
3196 
3197 	return 0;
3198 }
3199 
3200 static long pagemap_scan_flush_buffer(struct pagemap_scan_private *p)
3201 {
3202 	const struct page_region *buf = p->vec_buf;
3203 	long n = p->vec_buf_index;
3204 
3205 	if (!p->vec_buf)
3206 		return 0;
3207 
3208 	if (buf[n].end != buf[n].start)
3209 		n++;
3210 
3211 	if (!n)
3212 		return 0;
3213 
3214 	if (copy_to_user(p->vec_out, buf, n * sizeof(*buf)))
3215 		return -EFAULT;
3216 
3217 	p->arg.vec_len -= n;
3218 	p->vec_out += n;
3219 
3220 	p->vec_buf_index = 0;
3221 	p->vec_buf_len = min_t(size_t, p->vec_buf_len, p->arg.vec_len);
3222 	p->vec_buf->start = p->vec_buf->end = 0;
3223 
3224 	return n;
3225 }
3226 
3227 static long do_pagemap_scan(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long uarg)
3228 {
3229 	struct pagemap_scan_private p = {0};
3230 	unsigned long walk_start;
3231 	size_t n_ranges_out = 0;
3232 	int ret;
3233 
3234 	ret = pagemap_scan_get_args(&p.arg, uarg);
3235 	if (ret)
3236 		return ret;
3237 
3238 	p.masks_of_interest = p.arg.category_mask | p.arg.category_anyof_mask |
3239 			      p.arg.return_mask;
3240 	ret = pagemap_scan_init_bounce_buffer(&p);
3241 	if (ret)
3242 		return ret;
3243 
3244 	for (walk_start = p.arg.start; walk_start < p.arg.end;
3245 			walk_start = p.arg.walk_end) {
3246 		struct mmu_notifier_range range;
3247 		long n_out;
3248 
3249 		if (fatal_signal_pending(current)) {
3250 			ret = -EINTR;
3251 			break;
3252 		}
3253 
3254 		ret = mmap_read_lock_killable(mm);
3255 		if (ret)
3256 			break;
3257 
3258 		/* Protection change for the range is going to happen. */
3259 		if (p.arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING) {
3260 			mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_PROTECTION_VMA, 0,
3261 						mm, walk_start, p.arg.end);
3262 			mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
3263 		}
3264 
3265 		ret = walk_page_range(mm, walk_start, p.arg.end,
3266 				      &pagemap_scan_ops, &p);
3267 
3268 		if (p.arg.flags & PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING)
3269 			mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
3270 
3271 		mmap_read_unlock(mm);
3272 
3273 		n_out = pagemap_scan_flush_buffer(&p);
3274 		if (n_out < 0)
3275 			ret = n_out;
3276 		else
3277 			n_ranges_out += n_out;
3278 
3279 		if (ret != -ENOSPC)
3280 			break;
3281 
3282 		if (p.arg.vec_len == 0 || p.found_pages == p.arg.max_pages)
3283 			break;
3284 	}
3285 
3286 	/* ENOSPC signifies early stop (buffer full) from the walk. */
3287 	if (!ret || ret == -ENOSPC)
3288 		ret = n_ranges_out;
3289 
3290 	/* The walk_end isn't set when ret is zero */
3291 	if (!p.arg.walk_end)
3292 		p.arg.walk_end = p.arg.end;
3293 	if (pagemap_scan_writeback_args(&p.arg, uarg))
3294 		ret = -EFAULT;
3295 
3296 	kfree(p.vec_buf);
3297 	return ret;
3298 }
3299 
3300 static long do_pagemap_cmd(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
3301 			   unsigned long arg)
3302 {
3303 	struct mm_struct *mm = file->private_data;
3304 
3305 	switch (cmd) {
3306 	case PAGEMAP_SCAN:
3307 		return do_pagemap_scan(mm, arg);
3308 
3309 	default:
3310 		return -EINVAL;
3311 	}
3312 }
3313 
3314 const struct file_operations proc_pagemap_operations = {
3315 	.llseek		= mem_lseek, /* borrow this */
3316 	.read		= pagemap_read,
3317 	.open		= pagemap_open,
3318 	.release	= pagemap_release,
3319 	.unlocked_ioctl = do_pagemap_cmd,
3320 	.compat_ioctl	= do_pagemap_cmd,
3321 };
3322 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_PAGE_MONITOR */
3323 
3324 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
3325 
3326 struct numa_maps {
3327 	unsigned long pages;
3328 	unsigned long anon;
3329 	unsigned long active;
3330 	unsigned long writeback;
3331 	unsigned long mapcount_max;
3332 	unsigned long dirty;
3333 	unsigned long swapcache;
3334 	unsigned long node[MAX_NUMNODES];
3335 };
3336 
3337 struct numa_maps_private {
3338 	struct proc_maps_private proc_maps;
3339 	struct numa_maps md;
3340 };
3341 
3342 static void gather_stats(struct page *page, struct numa_maps *md, int pte_dirty,
3343 			unsigned long nr_pages)
3344 {
3345 	struct folio *folio = page_folio(page);
3346 	int count;
3347 
3348 	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PAGE_MAPCOUNT))
3349 		count = folio_precise_page_mapcount(folio, page);
3350 	else
3351 		count = folio_average_page_mapcount(folio);
3352 
3353 	md->pages += nr_pages;
3354 	if (pte_dirty || folio_test_dirty(folio))
3355 		md->dirty += nr_pages;
3356 
3357 	if (folio_test_swapcache(folio))
3358 		md->swapcache += nr_pages;
3359 
3360 	if (folio_test_active(folio) || folio_test_unevictable(folio))
3361 		md->active += nr_pages;
3362 
3363 	if (folio_test_writeback(folio))
3364 		md->writeback += nr_pages;
3365 
3366 	if (folio_test_anon(folio))
3367 		md->anon += nr_pages;
3368 
3369 	if (count > md->mapcount_max)
3370 		md->mapcount_max = count;
3371 
3372 	md->node[folio_nid(folio)] += nr_pages;
3373 }
3374 
3375 static struct page *can_gather_numa_stats(pte_t pte, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3376 		unsigned long addr)
3377 {
3378 	struct page *page;
3379 	int nid;
3380 
3381 	if (!pte_present(pte))
3382 		return NULL;
3383 
3384 	page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, pte);
3385 	if (!page || is_zone_device_page(page))
3386 		return NULL;
3387 
3388 	if (PageReserved(page))
3389 		return NULL;
3390 
3391 	nid = page_to_nid(page);
3392 	if (!node_isset(nid, node_states[N_MEMORY]))
3393 		return NULL;
3394 
3395 	return page;
3396 }
3397 
3398 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
3399 static struct page *can_gather_numa_stats_pmd(pmd_t pmd,
3400 					      struct vm_area_struct *vma,
3401 					      unsigned long addr)
3402 {
3403 	struct page *page;
3404 	int nid;
3405 
3406 	if (!pmd_present(pmd))
3407 		return NULL;
3408 
3409 	page = vm_normal_page_pmd(vma, addr, pmd);
3410 	if (!page)
3411 		return NULL;
3412 
3413 	if (PageReserved(page))
3414 		return NULL;
3415 
3416 	nid = page_to_nid(page);
3417 	if (!node_isset(nid, node_states[N_MEMORY]))
3418 		return NULL;
3419 
3420 	return page;
3421 }
3422 #endif
3423 
3424 static int gather_pte_stats(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
3425 		unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
3426 {
3427 	struct numa_maps *md = walk->private;
3428 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = walk->vma;
3429 	spinlock_t *ptl;
3430 	pte_t *orig_pte;
3431 	pte_t *pte;
3432 
3433 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
3434 	ptl = pmd_trans_huge_lock(pmd, vma);
3435 	if (ptl) {
3436 		struct page *page;
3437 
3438 		page = can_gather_numa_stats_pmd(*pmd, vma, addr);
3439 		if (page)
3440 			gather_stats(page, md, pmd_dirty(*pmd),
3441 				     HPAGE_PMD_SIZE/PAGE_SIZE);
3442 		spin_unlock(ptl);
3443 		return 0;
3444 	}
3445 #endif
3446 	orig_pte = pte = pte_offset_map_lock(walk->mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
3447 	if (!pte) {
3448 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
3449 		return 0;
3450 	}
3451 	do {
3452 		pte_t ptent = ptep_get(pte);
3453 		struct page *page = can_gather_numa_stats(ptent, vma, addr);
3454 		if (!page)
3455 			continue;
3456 		gather_stats(page, md, pte_dirty(ptent), 1);
3457 
3458 	} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
3459 	pte_unmap_unlock(orig_pte, ptl);
3460 	cond_resched();
3461 	return 0;
3462 }
3463 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
3464 static int gather_hugetlb_stats(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
3465 		unsigned long addr, unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
3466 {
3467 	pte_t huge_pte;
3468 	struct numa_maps *md;
3469 	struct page *page;
3470 	spinlock_t *ptl;
3471 
3472 	ptl = huge_pte_lock(hstate_vma(walk->vma), walk->mm, pte);
3473 	huge_pte = huge_ptep_get(walk->mm, addr, pte);
3474 	if (!pte_present(huge_pte))
3475 		goto out;
3476 
3477 	page = pte_page(huge_pte);
3478 
3479 	md = walk->private;
3480 	gather_stats(page, md, pte_dirty(huge_pte), 1);
3481 out:
3482 	spin_unlock(ptl);
3483 	return 0;
3484 }
3485 
3486 #else
3487 static int gather_hugetlb_stats(pte_t *pte, unsigned long hmask,
3488 		unsigned long addr, unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
3489 {
3490 	return 0;
3491 }
3492 #endif
3493 
3494 static const struct mm_walk_ops show_numa_ops = {
3495 	.hugetlb_entry = gather_hugetlb_stats,
3496 	.pmd_entry = gather_pte_stats,
3497 	.walk_lock = PGWALK_RDLOCK,
3498 };
3499 
3500 #ifdef CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK
3501 static const struct mm_walk_ops show_numa_vma_lock_ops = {
3502 	.hugetlb_entry = gather_hugetlb_stats,
3503 	.pmd_entry = gather_pte_stats,
3504 	.walk_lock = PGWALK_VMA_RDLOCK_VERIFY,
3505 };
3506 
3507 static inline const struct mm_walk_ops *
3508 get_show_numa_ops(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
3509 {
3510 	if (priv->lock_ctx.mmap_locked)
3511 		return &show_numa_ops;
3512 	return &show_numa_vma_lock_ops;
3513 }
3514 
3515 #else /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
3516 
3517 static inline const struct mm_walk_ops *
3518 get_show_numa_ops(struct proc_maps_private *priv)
3519 {
3520 	return &show_numa_ops;
3521 }
3522 
3523 #endif /* CONFIG_PER_VMA_LOCK */
3524 
3525 /*
3526  * Display pages allocated per node and memory policy via /proc.
3527  */
3528 static int show_numa_map(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
3529 {
3530 	struct numa_maps_private *numa_priv = m->private;
3531 	struct proc_maps_private *proc_priv = &numa_priv->proc_maps;
3532 	struct vm_area_struct *vma = v;
3533 	struct numa_maps *md = &numa_priv->md;
3534 	struct file *file = vma->vm_file;
3535 	struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
3536 	char buffer[64];
3537 	struct mempolicy *pol;
3538 	pgoff_t ilx;
3539 	int nid;
3540 
3541 	if (!mm)
3542 		return 0;
3543 
3544 	/* Ensure we start with an empty set of numa_maps statistics. */
3545 	memset(md, 0, sizeof(*md));
3546 
3547 	pol = __get_vma_policy(vma, vma->vm_start, &ilx);
3548 	if (pol) {
3549 		mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer), pol);
3550 		mpol_cond_put(pol);
3551 	} else {
3552 		mpol_to_str(buffer, sizeof(buffer), proc_priv->task_mempolicy);
3553 	}
3554 
3555 	seq_printf(m, "%08lx %s", vma->vm_start, buffer);
3556 
3557 	if (file) {
3558 		seq_puts(m, " file=");
3559 		seq_path(m, file_user_path(file), "\n\t= ");
3560 	} else if (vma_is_initial_heap(vma)) {
3561 		seq_puts(m, " heap");
3562 	} else if (vma_is_initial_stack(vma)) {
3563 		seq_puts(m, " stack");
3564 	}
3565 
3566 	if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
3567 		seq_puts(m, " huge");
3568 
3569 	/* Skip walking pages if gate VMA */
3570 	if (vma != get_gate_vma(proc_priv->lock_ctx.mm)) {
3571 		/* Might sleep. Drop RCU read lock but keep the VMA locked. */
3572 		drop_rcu(proc_priv);
3573 		walk_page_vma(vma, get_show_numa_ops(proc_priv), md);
3574 		reacquire_rcu(proc_priv);
3575 	}
3576 
3577 	if (!md->pages)
3578 		goto out;
3579 
3580 	if (md->anon)
3581 		seq_printf(m, " anon=%lu", md->anon);
3582 
3583 	if (md->dirty)
3584 		seq_printf(m, " dirty=%lu", md->dirty);
3585 
3586 	if (md->pages != md->anon && md->pages != md->dirty)
3587 		seq_printf(m, " mapped=%lu", md->pages);
3588 
3589 	if (md->mapcount_max > 1)
3590 		seq_printf(m, " mapmax=%lu", md->mapcount_max);
3591 
3592 	if (md->swapcache)
3593 		seq_printf(m, " swapcache=%lu", md->swapcache);
3594 
3595 	if (md->active < md->pages && !is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))
3596 		seq_printf(m, " active=%lu", md->active);
3597 
3598 	if (md->writeback)
3599 		seq_printf(m, " writeback=%lu", md->writeback);
3600 
3601 	for_each_node_state(nid, N_MEMORY)
3602 		if (md->node[nid])
3603 			seq_printf(m, " N%d=%lu", nid, md->node[nid]);
3604 
3605 	seq_printf(m, " kernelpagesize_kB=%lu", vma_kernel_pagesize(vma) >> 10);
3606 out:
3607 	seq_putc(m, '\n');
3608 	return 0;
3609 }
3610 
3611 static const struct seq_operations proc_pid_numa_maps_op = {
3612 	.start  = m_start,
3613 	.next   = m_next,
3614 	.stop   = m_stop,
3615 	.show   = show_numa_map,
3616 };
3617 
3618 static int pid_numa_maps_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
3619 {
3620 	return proc_maps_open(inode, file, &proc_pid_numa_maps_op,
3621 				sizeof(struct numa_maps_private));
3622 }
3623 
3624 const struct file_operations proc_pid_numa_maps_operations = {
3625 	.open		= pid_numa_maps_open,
3626 	.read		= seq_read,
3627 	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
3628 	.release	= proc_map_release,
3629 };
3630 
3631 #endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
3632