xref: /linux/fs/overlayfs/super.c (revision ca64d84e93762f4e587e040a44ad9f6089afc777)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  *
4  * Copyright (C) 2011 Novell Inc.
5  */
6 
7 #include <uapi/linux/magic.h>
8 #include <linux/fs.h>
9 #include <linux/namei.h>
10 #include <linux/xattr.h>
11 #include <linux/mount.h>
12 #include <linux/parser.h>
13 #include <linux/module.h>
14 #include <linux/statfs.h>
15 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
16 #include <linux/posix_acl_xattr.h>
17 #include <linux/exportfs.h>
18 #include "overlayfs.h"
19 
20 MODULE_AUTHOR("Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>");
21 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Overlay filesystem");
22 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
23 
24 
25 struct ovl_dir_cache;
26 
27 #define OVL_MAX_STACK 500
28 
29 static bool ovl_redirect_dir_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_REDIRECT_DIR);
30 module_param_named(redirect_dir, ovl_redirect_dir_def, bool, 0644);
31 MODULE_PARM_DESC(redirect_dir,
32 		 "Default to on or off for the redirect_dir feature");
33 
34 static bool ovl_redirect_always_follow =
35 	IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_REDIRECT_ALWAYS_FOLLOW);
36 module_param_named(redirect_always_follow, ovl_redirect_always_follow,
37 		   bool, 0644);
38 MODULE_PARM_DESC(redirect_always_follow,
39 		 "Follow redirects even if redirect_dir feature is turned off");
40 
41 static bool ovl_index_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_INDEX);
42 module_param_named(index, ovl_index_def, bool, 0644);
43 MODULE_PARM_DESC(index,
44 		 "Default to on or off for the inodes index feature");
45 
46 static bool ovl_nfs_export_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_NFS_EXPORT);
47 module_param_named(nfs_export, ovl_nfs_export_def, bool, 0644);
48 MODULE_PARM_DESC(nfs_export,
49 		 "Default to on or off for the NFS export feature");
50 
51 static bool ovl_xino_auto_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_XINO_AUTO);
52 module_param_named(xino_auto, ovl_xino_auto_def, bool, 0644);
53 MODULE_PARM_DESC(xino_auto,
54 		 "Auto enable xino feature");
55 
56 static void ovl_entry_stack_free(struct ovl_entry *oe)
57 {
58 	unsigned int i;
59 
60 	for (i = 0; i < oe->numlower; i++)
61 		dput(oe->lowerstack[i].dentry);
62 }
63 
64 static bool ovl_metacopy_def = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_OVERLAY_FS_METACOPY);
65 module_param_named(metacopy, ovl_metacopy_def, bool, 0644);
66 MODULE_PARM_DESC(metacopy,
67 		 "Default to on or off for the metadata only copy up feature");
68 
69 static void ovl_dentry_release(struct dentry *dentry)
70 {
71 	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
72 
73 	if (oe) {
74 		ovl_entry_stack_free(oe);
75 		kfree_rcu(oe, rcu);
76 	}
77 }
78 
79 static struct dentry *ovl_d_real(struct dentry *dentry,
80 				 const struct inode *inode)
81 {
82 	struct dentry *real;
83 
84 	/* It's an overlay file */
85 	if (inode && d_inode(dentry) == inode)
86 		return dentry;
87 
88 	if (!d_is_reg(dentry)) {
89 		if (!inode || inode == d_inode(dentry))
90 			return dentry;
91 		goto bug;
92 	}
93 
94 	real = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
95 	if (real && (inode == d_inode(real)))
96 		return real;
97 
98 	if (real && !inode && ovl_has_upperdata(d_inode(dentry)))
99 		return real;
100 
101 	real = ovl_dentry_lowerdata(dentry);
102 	if (!real)
103 		goto bug;
104 
105 	/* Handle recursion */
106 	real = d_real(real, inode);
107 
108 	if (!inode || inode == d_inode(real))
109 		return real;
110 bug:
111 	WARN(1, "ovl_d_real(%pd4, %s:%lu): real dentry not found\n", dentry,
112 	     inode ? inode->i_sb->s_id : "NULL", inode ? inode->i_ino : 0);
113 	return dentry;
114 }
115 
116 static int ovl_revalidate_real(struct dentry *d, unsigned int flags, bool weak)
117 {
118 	int ret = 1;
119 
120 	if (weak) {
121 		if (d->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_WEAK_REVALIDATE)
122 			ret =  d->d_op->d_weak_revalidate(d, flags);
123 	} else if (d->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REVALIDATE) {
124 		ret = d->d_op->d_revalidate(d, flags);
125 		if (!ret) {
126 			if (!(flags & LOOKUP_RCU))
127 				d_invalidate(d);
128 			ret = -ESTALE;
129 		}
130 	}
131 	return ret;
132 }
133 
134 static int ovl_dentry_revalidate_common(struct dentry *dentry,
135 					unsigned int flags, bool weak)
136 {
137 	struct ovl_entry *oe = dentry->d_fsdata;
138 	struct dentry *upper;
139 	unsigned int i;
140 	int ret = 1;
141 
142 	upper = ovl_dentry_upper(dentry);
143 	if (upper)
144 		ret = ovl_revalidate_real(upper, flags, weak);
145 
146 	for (i = 0; ret > 0 && i < oe->numlower; i++) {
147 		ret = ovl_revalidate_real(oe->lowerstack[i].dentry, flags,
148 					  weak);
149 	}
150 	return ret;
151 }
152 
153 static int ovl_dentry_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
154 {
155 	return ovl_dentry_revalidate_common(dentry, flags, false);
156 }
157 
158 static int ovl_dentry_weak_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
159 {
160 	return ovl_dentry_revalidate_common(dentry, flags, true);
161 }
162 
163 static const struct dentry_operations ovl_dentry_operations = {
164 	.d_release = ovl_dentry_release,
165 	.d_real = ovl_d_real,
166 	.d_revalidate = ovl_dentry_revalidate,
167 	.d_weak_revalidate = ovl_dentry_weak_revalidate,
168 };
169 
170 static struct kmem_cache *ovl_inode_cachep;
171 
172 static struct inode *ovl_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
173 {
174 	struct ovl_inode *oi = kmem_cache_alloc(ovl_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
175 
176 	if (!oi)
177 		return NULL;
178 
179 	oi->cache = NULL;
180 	oi->redirect = NULL;
181 	oi->version = 0;
182 	oi->flags = 0;
183 	oi->__upperdentry = NULL;
184 	oi->lower = NULL;
185 	oi->lowerdata = NULL;
186 	mutex_init(&oi->lock);
187 
188 	return &oi->vfs_inode;
189 }
190 
191 static void ovl_free_inode(struct inode *inode)
192 {
193 	struct ovl_inode *oi = OVL_I(inode);
194 
195 	kfree(oi->redirect);
196 	mutex_destroy(&oi->lock);
197 	kmem_cache_free(ovl_inode_cachep, oi);
198 }
199 
200 static void ovl_destroy_inode(struct inode *inode)
201 {
202 	struct ovl_inode *oi = OVL_I(inode);
203 
204 	dput(oi->__upperdentry);
205 	iput(oi->lower);
206 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
207 		ovl_dir_cache_free(inode);
208 	else
209 		iput(oi->lowerdata);
210 }
211 
212 static void ovl_free_fs(struct ovl_fs *ofs)
213 {
214 	unsigned i;
215 
216 	iput(ofs->workbasedir_trap);
217 	iput(ofs->indexdir_trap);
218 	iput(ofs->workdir_trap);
219 	iput(ofs->upperdir_trap);
220 	dput(ofs->indexdir);
221 	dput(ofs->workdir);
222 	if (ofs->workdir_locked)
223 		ovl_inuse_unlock(ofs->workbasedir);
224 	dput(ofs->workbasedir);
225 	if (ofs->upperdir_locked)
226 		ovl_inuse_unlock(ofs->upper_mnt->mnt_root);
227 	mntput(ofs->upper_mnt);
228 	for (i = 1; i < ofs->numlayer; i++) {
229 		iput(ofs->layers[i].trap);
230 		mntput(ofs->layers[i].mnt);
231 	}
232 	kfree(ofs->layers);
233 	for (i = 0; i < ofs->numfs; i++)
234 		free_anon_bdev(ofs->fs[i].pseudo_dev);
235 	kfree(ofs->fs);
236 
237 	kfree(ofs->config.lowerdir);
238 	kfree(ofs->config.upperdir);
239 	kfree(ofs->config.workdir);
240 	kfree(ofs->config.redirect_mode);
241 	if (ofs->creator_cred)
242 		put_cred(ofs->creator_cred);
243 	kfree(ofs);
244 }
245 
246 static void ovl_put_super(struct super_block *sb)
247 {
248 	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
249 
250 	ovl_free_fs(ofs);
251 }
252 
253 /* Sync real dirty inodes in upper filesystem (if it exists) */
254 static int ovl_sync_fs(struct super_block *sb, int wait)
255 {
256 	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
257 	struct super_block *upper_sb;
258 	int ret;
259 
260 	if (!ofs->upper_mnt)
261 		return 0;
262 
263 	/*
264 	 * If this is a sync(2) call or an emergency sync, all the super blocks
265 	 * will be iterated, including upper_sb, so no need to do anything.
266 	 *
267 	 * If this is a syncfs(2) call, then we do need to call
268 	 * sync_filesystem() on upper_sb, but enough if we do it when being
269 	 * called with wait == 1.
270 	 */
271 	if (!wait)
272 		return 0;
273 
274 	upper_sb = ofs->upper_mnt->mnt_sb;
275 
276 	down_read(&upper_sb->s_umount);
277 	ret = sync_filesystem(upper_sb);
278 	up_read(&upper_sb->s_umount);
279 
280 	return ret;
281 }
282 
283 /**
284  * ovl_statfs
285  * @sb: The overlayfs super block
286  * @buf: The struct kstatfs to fill in with stats
287  *
288  * Get the filesystem statistics.  As writes always target the upper layer
289  * filesystem pass the statfs to the upper filesystem (if it exists)
290  */
291 static int ovl_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
292 {
293 	struct ovl_fs *ofs = dentry->d_sb->s_fs_info;
294 	struct dentry *root_dentry = dentry->d_sb->s_root;
295 	struct path path;
296 	int err;
297 
298 	ovl_path_real(root_dentry, &path);
299 
300 	err = vfs_statfs(&path, buf);
301 	if (!err) {
302 		buf->f_namelen = ofs->namelen;
303 		buf->f_type = OVERLAYFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
304 	}
305 
306 	return err;
307 }
308 
309 /* Will this overlay be forced to mount/remount ro? */
310 static bool ovl_force_readonly(struct ovl_fs *ofs)
311 {
312 	return (!ofs->upper_mnt || !ofs->workdir);
313 }
314 
315 static const char *ovl_redirect_mode_def(void)
316 {
317 	return ovl_redirect_dir_def ? "on" : "off";
318 }
319 
320 static const char * const ovl_xino_str[] = {
321 	"off",
322 	"auto",
323 	"on",
324 };
325 
326 static inline int ovl_xino_def(void)
327 {
328 	return ovl_xino_auto_def ? OVL_XINO_AUTO : OVL_XINO_OFF;
329 }
330 
331 /**
332  * ovl_show_options
333  *
334  * Prints the mount options for a given superblock.
335  * Returns zero; does not fail.
336  */
337 static int ovl_show_options(struct seq_file *m, struct dentry *dentry)
338 {
339 	struct super_block *sb = dentry->d_sb;
340 	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
341 
342 	seq_show_option(m, "lowerdir", ofs->config.lowerdir);
343 	if (ofs->config.upperdir) {
344 		seq_show_option(m, "upperdir", ofs->config.upperdir);
345 		seq_show_option(m, "workdir", ofs->config.workdir);
346 	}
347 	if (ofs->config.default_permissions)
348 		seq_puts(m, ",default_permissions");
349 	if (strcmp(ofs->config.redirect_mode, ovl_redirect_mode_def()) != 0)
350 		seq_printf(m, ",redirect_dir=%s", ofs->config.redirect_mode);
351 	if (ofs->config.index != ovl_index_def)
352 		seq_printf(m, ",index=%s", ofs->config.index ? "on" : "off");
353 	if (ofs->config.nfs_export != ovl_nfs_export_def)
354 		seq_printf(m, ",nfs_export=%s", ofs->config.nfs_export ?
355 						"on" : "off");
356 	if (ofs->config.xino != ovl_xino_def() && !ovl_same_fs(sb))
357 		seq_printf(m, ",xino=%s", ovl_xino_str[ofs->config.xino]);
358 	if (ofs->config.metacopy != ovl_metacopy_def)
359 		seq_printf(m, ",metacopy=%s",
360 			   ofs->config.metacopy ? "on" : "off");
361 	return 0;
362 }
363 
364 static int ovl_remount(struct super_block *sb, int *flags, char *data)
365 {
366 	struct ovl_fs *ofs = sb->s_fs_info;
367 
368 	if (!(*flags & SB_RDONLY) && ovl_force_readonly(ofs))
369 		return -EROFS;
370 
371 	return 0;
372 }
373 
374 static const struct super_operations ovl_super_operations = {
375 	.alloc_inode	= ovl_alloc_inode,
376 	.free_inode	= ovl_free_inode,
377 	.destroy_inode	= ovl_destroy_inode,
378 	.drop_inode	= generic_delete_inode,
379 	.put_super	= ovl_put_super,
380 	.sync_fs	= ovl_sync_fs,
381 	.statfs		= ovl_statfs,
382 	.show_options	= ovl_show_options,
383 	.remount_fs	= ovl_remount,
384 };
385 
386 enum {
387 	OPT_LOWERDIR,
388 	OPT_UPPERDIR,
389 	OPT_WORKDIR,
390 	OPT_DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS,
391 	OPT_REDIRECT_DIR,
392 	OPT_INDEX_ON,
393 	OPT_INDEX_OFF,
394 	OPT_NFS_EXPORT_ON,
395 	OPT_NFS_EXPORT_OFF,
396 	OPT_XINO_ON,
397 	OPT_XINO_OFF,
398 	OPT_XINO_AUTO,
399 	OPT_METACOPY_ON,
400 	OPT_METACOPY_OFF,
401 	OPT_ERR,
402 };
403 
404 static const match_table_t ovl_tokens = {
405 	{OPT_LOWERDIR,			"lowerdir=%s"},
406 	{OPT_UPPERDIR,			"upperdir=%s"},
407 	{OPT_WORKDIR,			"workdir=%s"},
408 	{OPT_DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS,	"default_permissions"},
409 	{OPT_REDIRECT_DIR,		"redirect_dir=%s"},
410 	{OPT_INDEX_ON,			"index=on"},
411 	{OPT_INDEX_OFF,			"index=off"},
412 	{OPT_NFS_EXPORT_ON,		"nfs_export=on"},
413 	{OPT_NFS_EXPORT_OFF,		"nfs_export=off"},
414 	{OPT_XINO_ON,			"xino=on"},
415 	{OPT_XINO_OFF,			"xino=off"},
416 	{OPT_XINO_AUTO,			"xino=auto"},
417 	{OPT_METACOPY_ON,		"metacopy=on"},
418 	{OPT_METACOPY_OFF,		"metacopy=off"},
419 	{OPT_ERR,			NULL}
420 };
421 
422 static char *ovl_next_opt(char **s)
423 {
424 	char *sbegin = *s;
425 	char *p;
426 
427 	if (sbegin == NULL)
428 		return NULL;
429 
430 	for (p = sbegin; *p; p++) {
431 		if (*p == '\\') {
432 			p++;
433 			if (!*p)
434 				break;
435 		} else if (*p == ',') {
436 			*p = '\0';
437 			*s = p + 1;
438 			return sbegin;
439 		}
440 	}
441 	*s = NULL;
442 	return sbegin;
443 }
444 
445 static int ovl_parse_redirect_mode(struct ovl_config *config, const char *mode)
446 {
447 	if (strcmp(mode, "on") == 0) {
448 		config->redirect_dir = true;
449 		/*
450 		 * Does not make sense to have redirect creation without
451 		 * redirect following.
452 		 */
453 		config->redirect_follow = true;
454 	} else if (strcmp(mode, "follow") == 0) {
455 		config->redirect_follow = true;
456 	} else if (strcmp(mode, "off") == 0) {
457 		if (ovl_redirect_always_follow)
458 			config->redirect_follow = true;
459 	} else if (strcmp(mode, "nofollow") != 0) {
460 		pr_err("bad mount option \"redirect_dir=%s\"\n",
461 		       mode);
462 		return -EINVAL;
463 	}
464 
465 	return 0;
466 }
467 
468 static int ovl_parse_opt(char *opt, struct ovl_config *config)
469 {
470 	char *p;
471 	int err;
472 	bool metacopy_opt = false, redirect_opt = false;
473 
474 	config->redirect_mode = kstrdup(ovl_redirect_mode_def(), GFP_KERNEL);
475 	if (!config->redirect_mode)
476 		return -ENOMEM;
477 
478 	while ((p = ovl_next_opt(&opt)) != NULL) {
479 		int token;
480 		substring_t args[MAX_OPT_ARGS];
481 
482 		if (!*p)
483 			continue;
484 
485 		token = match_token(p, ovl_tokens, args);
486 		switch (token) {
487 		case OPT_UPPERDIR:
488 			kfree(config->upperdir);
489 			config->upperdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
490 			if (!config->upperdir)
491 				return -ENOMEM;
492 			break;
493 
494 		case OPT_LOWERDIR:
495 			kfree(config->lowerdir);
496 			config->lowerdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
497 			if (!config->lowerdir)
498 				return -ENOMEM;
499 			break;
500 
501 		case OPT_WORKDIR:
502 			kfree(config->workdir);
503 			config->workdir = match_strdup(&args[0]);
504 			if (!config->workdir)
505 				return -ENOMEM;
506 			break;
507 
508 		case OPT_DEFAULT_PERMISSIONS:
509 			config->default_permissions = true;
510 			break;
511 
512 		case OPT_REDIRECT_DIR:
513 			kfree(config->redirect_mode);
514 			config->redirect_mode = match_strdup(&args[0]);
515 			if (!config->redirect_mode)
516 				return -ENOMEM;
517 			redirect_opt = true;
518 			break;
519 
520 		case OPT_INDEX_ON:
521 			config->index = true;
522 			break;
523 
524 		case OPT_INDEX_OFF:
525 			config->index = false;
526 			break;
527 
528 		case OPT_NFS_EXPORT_ON:
529 			config->nfs_export = true;
530 			break;
531 
532 		case OPT_NFS_EXPORT_OFF:
533 			config->nfs_export = false;
534 			break;
535 
536 		case OPT_XINO_ON:
537 			config->xino = OVL_XINO_ON;
538 			break;
539 
540 		case OPT_XINO_OFF:
541 			config->xino = OVL_XINO_OFF;
542 			break;
543 
544 		case OPT_XINO_AUTO:
545 			config->xino = OVL_XINO_AUTO;
546 			break;
547 
548 		case OPT_METACOPY_ON:
549 			config->metacopy = true;
550 			metacopy_opt = true;
551 			break;
552 
553 		case OPT_METACOPY_OFF:
554 			config->metacopy = false;
555 			break;
556 
557 		default:
558 			pr_err("unrecognized mount option \"%s\" or missing value\n",
559 					p);
560 			return -EINVAL;
561 		}
562 	}
563 
564 	/* Workdir is useless in non-upper mount */
565 	if (!config->upperdir && config->workdir) {
566 		pr_info("option \"workdir=%s\" is useless in a non-upper mount, ignore\n",
567 			config->workdir);
568 		kfree(config->workdir);
569 		config->workdir = NULL;
570 	}
571 
572 	err = ovl_parse_redirect_mode(config, config->redirect_mode);
573 	if (err)
574 		return err;
575 
576 	/*
577 	 * This is to make the logic below simpler.  It doesn't make any other
578 	 * difference, since config->redirect_dir is only used for upper.
579 	 */
580 	if (!config->upperdir && config->redirect_follow)
581 		config->redirect_dir = true;
582 
583 	/* Resolve metacopy -> redirect_dir dependency */
584 	if (config->metacopy && !config->redirect_dir) {
585 		if (metacopy_opt && redirect_opt) {
586 			pr_err("conflicting options: metacopy=on,redirect_dir=%s\n",
587 			       config->redirect_mode);
588 			return -EINVAL;
589 		}
590 		if (redirect_opt) {
591 			/*
592 			 * There was an explicit redirect_dir=... that resulted
593 			 * in this conflict.
594 			 */
595 			pr_info("disabling metacopy due to redirect_dir=%s\n",
596 				config->redirect_mode);
597 			config->metacopy = false;
598 		} else {
599 			/* Automatically enable redirect otherwise. */
600 			config->redirect_follow = config->redirect_dir = true;
601 		}
602 	}
603 
604 	return 0;
605 }
606 
607 #define OVL_WORKDIR_NAME "work"
608 #define OVL_INDEXDIR_NAME "index"
609 
610 static struct dentry *ovl_workdir_create(struct ovl_fs *ofs,
611 					 const char *name, bool persist)
612 {
613 	struct inode *dir =  ofs->workbasedir->d_inode;
614 	struct vfsmount *mnt = ofs->upper_mnt;
615 	struct dentry *work;
616 	int err;
617 	bool retried = false;
618 	bool locked = false;
619 
620 	inode_lock_nested(dir, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
621 	locked = true;
622 
623 retry:
624 	work = lookup_one_len(name, ofs->workbasedir, strlen(name));
625 
626 	if (!IS_ERR(work)) {
627 		struct iattr attr = {
628 			.ia_valid = ATTR_MODE,
629 			.ia_mode = S_IFDIR | 0,
630 		};
631 
632 		if (work->d_inode) {
633 			err = -EEXIST;
634 			if (retried)
635 				goto out_dput;
636 
637 			if (persist)
638 				goto out_unlock;
639 
640 			retried = true;
641 			ovl_workdir_cleanup(dir, mnt, work, 0);
642 			dput(work);
643 			goto retry;
644 		}
645 
646 		work = ovl_create_real(dir, work, OVL_CATTR(attr.ia_mode));
647 		err = PTR_ERR(work);
648 		if (IS_ERR(work))
649 			goto out_err;
650 
651 		/*
652 		 * Try to remove POSIX ACL xattrs from workdir.  We are good if:
653 		 *
654 		 * a) success (there was a POSIX ACL xattr and was removed)
655 		 * b) -ENODATA (there was no POSIX ACL xattr)
656 		 * c) -EOPNOTSUPP (POSIX ACL xattrs are not supported)
657 		 *
658 		 * There are various other error values that could effectively
659 		 * mean that the xattr doesn't exist (e.g. -ERANGE is returned
660 		 * if the xattr name is too long), but the set of filesystems
661 		 * allowed as upper are limited to "normal" ones, where checking
662 		 * for the above two errors is sufficient.
663 		 */
664 		err = vfs_removexattr(work, XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT);
665 		if (err && err != -ENODATA && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
666 			goto out_dput;
667 
668 		err = vfs_removexattr(work, XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS);
669 		if (err && err != -ENODATA && err != -EOPNOTSUPP)
670 			goto out_dput;
671 
672 		/* Clear any inherited mode bits */
673 		inode_lock(work->d_inode);
674 		err = notify_change(work, &attr, NULL);
675 		inode_unlock(work->d_inode);
676 		if (err)
677 			goto out_dput;
678 	} else {
679 		err = PTR_ERR(work);
680 		goto out_err;
681 	}
682 out_unlock:
683 	if (locked)
684 		inode_unlock(dir);
685 
686 	return work;
687 
688 out_dput:
689 	dput(work);
690 out_err:
691 	pr_warn("failed to create directory %s/%s (errno: %i); mounting read-only\n",
692 		ofs->config.workdir, name, -err);
693 	work = NULL;
694 	goto out_unlock;
695 }
696 
697 static void ovl_unescape(char *s)
698 {
699 	char *d = s;
700 
701 	for (;; s++, d++) {
702 		if (*s == '\\')
703 			s++;
704 		*d = *s;
705 		if (!*s)
706 			break;
707 	}
708 }
709 
710 static int ovl_mount_dir_noesc(const char *name, struct path *path)
711 {
712 	int err = -EINVAL;
713 
714 	if (!*name) {
715 		pr_err("empty lowerdir\n");
716 		goto out;
717 	}
718 	err = kern_path(name, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, path);
719 	if (err) {
720 		pr_err("failed to resolve '%s': %i\n", name, err);
721 		goto out;
722 	}
723 	err = -EINVAL;
724 	if (ovl_dentry_weird(path->dentry)) {
725 		pr_err("filesystem on '%s' not supported\n", name);
726 		goto out_put;
727 	}
728 	if (!d_is_dir(path->dentry)) {
729 		pr_err("'%s' not a directory\n", name);
730 		goto out_put;
731 	}
732 	return 0;
733 
734 out_put:
735 	path_put_init(path);
736 out:
737 	return err;
738 }
739 
740 static int ovl_mount_dir(const char *name, struct path *path)
741 {
742 	int err = -ENOMEM;
743 	char *tmp = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
744 
745 	if (tmp) {
746 		ovl_unescape(tmp);
747 		err = ovl_mount_dir_noesc(tmp, path);
748 
749 		if (!err && path->dentry->d_flags & DCACHE_OP_REAL) {
750 			pr_err("filesystem on '%s' not supported as upperdir\n",
751 			       tmp);
752 			path_put_init(path);
753 			err = -EINVAL;
754 		}
755 		kfree(tmp);
756 	}
757 	return err;
758 }
759 
760 static int ovl_check_namelen(struct path *path, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
761 			     const char *name)
762 {
763 	struct kstatfs statfs;
764 	int err = vfs_statfs(path, &statfs);
765 
766 	if (err)
767 		pr_err("statfs failed on '%s'\n", name);
768 	else
769 		ofs->namelen = max(ofs->namelen, statfs.f_namelen);
770 
771 	return err;
772 }
773 
774 static int ovl_lower_dir(const char *name, struct path *path,
775 			 struct ovl_fs *ofs, int *stack_depth)
776 {
777 	int fh_type;
778 	int err;
779 
780 	err = ovl_mount_dir_noesc(name, path);
781 	if (err)
782 		goto out;
783 
784 	err = ovl_check_namelen(path, ofs, name);
785 	if (err)
786 		goto out_put;
787 
788 	*stack_depth = max(*stack_depth, path->mnt->mnt_sb->s_stack_depth);
789 
790 	/*
791 	 * The inodes index feature and NFS export need to encode and decode
792 	 * file handles, so they require that all layers support them.
793 	 */
794 	fh_type = ovl_can_decode_fh(path->dentry->d_sb);
795 	if ((ofs->config.nfs_export ||
796 	     (ofs->config.index && ofs->config.upperdir)) && !fh_type) {
797 		ofs->config.index = false;
798 		ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
799 		pr_warn("fs on '%s' does not support file handles, falling back to index=off,nfs_export=off.\n",
800 			name);
801 	}
802 
803 	/* Check if lower fs has 32bit inode numbers */
804 	if (fh_type != FILEID_INO32_GEN)
805 		ofs->xino_mode = -1;
806 
807 	return 0;
808 
809 out_put:
810 	path_put_init(path);
811 out:
812 	return err;
813 }
814 
815 /* Workdir should not be subdir of upperdir and vice versa */
816 static bool ovl_workdir_ok(struct dentry *workdir, struct dentry *upperdir)
817 {
818 	bool ok = false;
819 
820 	if (workdir != upperdir) {
821 		ok = (lock_rename(workdir, upperdir) == NULL);
822 		unlock_rename(workdir, upperdir);
823 	}
824 	return ok;
825 }
826 
827 static unsigned int ovl_split_lowerdirs(char *str)
828 {
829 	unsigned int ctr = 1;
830 	char *s, *d;
831 
832 	for (s = d = str;; s++, d++) {
833 		if (*s == '\\') {
834 			s++;
835 		} else if (*s == ':') {
836 			*d = '\0';
837 			ctr++;
838 			continue;
839 		}
840 		*d = *s;
841 		if (!*s)
842 			break;
843 	}
844 	return ctr;
845 }
846 
847 static int __maybe_unused
848 ovl_posix_acl_xattr_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
849 			struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
850 			const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
851 {
852 	return ovl_xattr_get(dentry, inode, handler->name, buffer, size);
853 }
854 
855 static int __maybe_unused
856 ovl_posix_acl_xattr_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
857 			struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
858 			const char *name, const void *value,
859 			size_t size, int flags)
860 {
861 	struct dentry *workdir = ovl_workdir(dentry);
862 	struct inode *realinode = ovl_inode_real(inode);
863 	struct posix_acl *acl = NULL;
864 	int err;
865 
866 	/* Check that everything is OK before copy-up */
867 	if (value) {
868 		acl = posix_acl_from_xattr(&init_user_ns, value, size);
869 		if (IS_ERR(acl))
870 			return PTR_ERR(acl);
871 	}
872 	err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
873 	if (!IS_POSIXACL(d_inode(workdir)))
874 		goto out_acl_release;
875 	if (!realinode->i_op->set_acl)
876 		goto out_acl_release;
877 	if (handler->flags == ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT && !S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
878 		err = acl ? -EACCES : 0;
879 		goto out_acl_release;
880 	}
881 	err = -EPERM;
882 	if (!inode_owner_or_capable(inode))
883 		goto out_acl_release;
884 
885 	posix_acl_release(acl);
886 
887 	/*
888 	 * Check if sgid bit needs to be cleared (actual setacl operation will
889 	 * be done with mounter's capabilities and so that won't do it for us).
890 	 */
891 	if (unlikely(inode->i_mode & S_ISGID) &&
892 	    handler->flags == ACL_TYPE_ACCESS &&
893 	    !in_group_p(inode->i_gid) &&
894 	    !capable_wrt_inode_uidgid(inode, CAP_FSETID)) {
895 		struct iattr iattr = { .ia_valid = ATTR_KILL_SGID };
896 
897 		err = ovl_setattr(dentry, &iattr);
898 		if (err)
899 			return err;
900 	}
901 
902 	err = ovl_xattr_set(dentry, inode, handler->name, value, size, flags);
903 	if (!err)
904 		ovl_copyattr(ovl_inode_real(inode), inode);
905 
906 	return err;
907 
908 out_acl_release:
909 	posix_acl_release(acl);
910 	return err;
911 }
912 
913 static int ovl_own_xattr_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
914 			     struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
915 			     const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
916 {
917 	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
918 }
919 
920 static int ovl_own_xattr_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
921 			     struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
922 			     const char *name, const void *value,
923 			     size_t size, int flags)
924 {
925 	return -EOPNOTSUPP;
926 }
927 
928 static int ovl_other_xattr_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
929 			       struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
930 			       const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
931 {
932 	return ovl_xattr_get(dentry, inode, name, buffer, size);
933 }
934 
935 static int ovl_other_xattr_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
936 			       struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
937 			       const char *name, const void *value,
938 			       size_t size, int flags)
939 {
940 	return ovl_xattr_set(dentry, inode, name, value, size, flags);
941 }
942 
943 static const struct xattr_handler __maybe_unused
944 ovl_posix_acl_access_xattr_handler = {
945 	.name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS,
946 	.flags = ACL_TYPE_ACCESS,
947 	.get = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_get,
948 	.set = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_set,
949 };
950 
951 static const struct xattr_handler __maybe_unused
952 ovl_posix_acl_default_xattr_handler = {
953 	.name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT,
954 	.flags = ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT,
955 	.get = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_get,
956 	.set = ovl_posix_acl_xattr_set,
957 };
958 
959 static const struct xattr_handler ovl_own_xattr_handler = {
960 	.prefix	= OVL_XATTR_PREFIX,
961 	.get = ovl_own_xattr_get,
962 	.set = ovl_own_xattr_set,
963 };
964 
965 static const struct xattr_handler ovl_other_xattr_handler = {
966 	.prefix	= "", /* catch all */
967 	.get = ovl_other_xattr_get,
968 	.set = ovl_other_xattr_set,
969 };
970 
971 static const struct xattr_handler *ovl_xattr_handlers[] = {
972 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_POSIX_ACL
973 	&ovl_posix_acl_access_xattr_handler,
974 	&ovl_posix_acl_default_xattr_handler,
975 #endif
976 	&ovl_own_xattr_handler,
977 	&ovl_other_xattr_handler,
978 	NULL
979 };
980 
981 static int ovl_setup_trap(struct super_block *sb, struct dentry *dir,
982 			  struct inode **ptrap, const char *name)
983 {
984 	struct inode *trap;
985 	int err;
986 
987 	trap = ovl_get_trap_inode(sb, dir);
988 	err = PTR_ERR_OR_ZERO(trap);
989 	if (err) {
990 		if (err == -ELOOP)
991 			pr_err("conflicting %s path\n", name);
992 		return err;
993 	}
994 
995 	*ptrap = trap;
996 	return 0;
997 }
998 
999 /*
1000  * Determine how we treat concurrent use of upperdir/workdir based on the
1001  * index feature. This is papering over mount leaks of container runtimes,
1002  * for example, an old overlay mount is leaked and now its upperdir is
1003  * attempted to be used as a lower layer in a new overlay mount.
1004  */
1005 static int ovl_report_in_use(struct ovl_fs *ofs, const char *name)
1006 {
1007 	if (ofs->config.index) {
1008 		pr_err("%s is in-use as upperdir/workdir of another mount, mount with '-o index=off' to override exclusive upperdir protection.\n",
1009 		       name);
1010 		return -EBUSY;
1011 	} else {
1012 		pr_warn("%s is in-use as upperdir/workdir of another mount, accessing files from both mounts will result in undefined behavior.\n",
1013 			name);
1014 		return 0;
1015 	}
1016 }
1017 
1018 static int ovl_get_upper(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1019 			 struct path *upperpath)
1020 {
1021 	struct vfsmount *upper_mnt;
1022 	int err;
1023 
1024 	err = ovl_mount_dir(ofs->config.upperdir, upperpath);
1025 	if (err)
1026 		goto out;
1027 
1028 	/* Upper fs should not be r/o */
1029 	if (sb_rdonly(upperpath->mnt->mnt_sb)) {
1030 		pr_err("upper fs is r/o, try multi-lower layers mount\n");
1031 		err = -EINVAL;
1032 		goto out;
1033 	}
1034 
1035 	err = ovl_check_namelen(upperpath, ofs, ofs->config.upperdir);
1036 	if (err)
1037 		goto out;
1038 
1039 	err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, upperpath->dentry, &ofs->upperdir_trap,
1040 			     "upperdir");
1041 	if (err)
1042 		goto out;
1043 
1044 	upper_mnt = clone_private_mount(upperpath);
1045 	err = PTR_ERR(upper_mnt);
1046 	if (IS_ERR(upper_mnt)) {
1047 		pr_err("failed to clone upperpath\n");
1048 		goto out;
1049 	}
1050 
1051 	/* Don't inherit atime flags */
1052 	upper_mnt->mnt_flags &= ~(MNT_NOATIME | MNT_NODIRATIME | MNT_RELATIME);
1053 	ofs->upper_mnt = upper_mnt;
1054 
1055 	if (ovl_inuse_trylock(ofs->upper_mnt->mnt_root)) {
1056 		ofs->upperdir_locked = true;
1057 	} else {
1058 		err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, "upperdir");
1059 		if (err)
1060 			goto out;
1061 	}
1062 
1063 	err = 0;
1064 out:
1065 	return err;
1066 }
1067 
1068 /*
1069  * Returns 1 if RENAME_WHITEOUT is supported, 0 if not supported and
1070  * negative values if error is encountered.
1071  */
1072 static int ovl_check_rename_whiteout(struct dentry *workdir)
1073 {
1074 	struct inode *dir = d_inode(workdir);
1075 	struct dentry *temp;
1076 	struct dentry *dest;
1077 	struct dentry *whiteout;
1078 	struct name_snapshot name;
1079 	int err;
1080 
1081 	inode_lock_nested(dir, I_MUTEX_PARENT);
1082 
1083 	temp = ovl_create_temp(workdir, OVL_CATTR(S_IFREG | 0));
1084 	err = PTR_ERR(temp);
1085 	if (IS_ERR(temp))
1086 		goto out_unlock;
1087 
1088 	dest = ovl_lookup_temp(workdir);
1089 	err = PTR_ERR(dest);
1090 	if (IS_ERR(dest)) {
1091 		dput(temp);
1092 		goto out_unlock;
1093 	}
1094 
1095 	/* Name is inline and stable - using snapshot as a copy helper */
1096 	take_dentry_name_snapshot(&name, temp);
1097 	err = ovl_do_rename(dir, temp, dir, dest, RENAME_WHITEOUT);
1098 	if (err) {
1099 		if (err == -EINVAL)
1100 			err = 0;
1101 		goto cleanup_temp;
1102 	}
1103 
1104 	whiteout = lookup_one_len(name.name.name, workdir, name.name.len);
1105 	err = PTR_ERR(whiteout);
1106 	if (IS_ERR(whiteout))
1107 		goto cleanup_temp;
1108 
1109 	err = ovl_is_whiteout(whiteout);
1110 
1111 	/* Best effort cleanup of whiteout and temp file */
1112 	if (err)
1113 		ovl_cleanup(dir, whiteout);
1114 	dput(whiteout);
1115 
1116 cleanup_temp:
1117 	ovl_cleanup(dir, temp);
1118 	release_dentry_name_snapshot(&name);
1119 	dput(temp);
1120 	dput(dest);
1121 
1122 out_unlock:
1123 	inode_unlock(dir);
1124 
1125 	return err;
1126 }
1127 
1128 static int ovl_make_workdir(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1129 			    struct path *workpath)
1130 {
1131 	struct vfsmount *mnt = ofs->upper_mnt;
1132 	struct dentry *temp;
1133 	bool rename_whiteout;
1134 	bool d_type;
1135 	int fh_type;
1136 	int err;
1137 
1138 	err = mnt_want_write(mnt);
1139 	if (err)
1140 		return err;
1141 
1142 	ofs->workdir = ovl_workdir_create(ofs, OVL_WORKDIR_NAME, false);
1143 	if (!ofs->workdir)
1144 		goto out;
1145 
1146 	err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, ofs->workdir, &ofs->workdir_trap, "workdir");
1147 	if (err)
1148 		goto out;
1149 
1150 	/*
1151 	 * Upper should support d_type, else whiteouts are visible.  Given
1152 	 * workdir and upper are on same fs, we can do iterate_dir() on
1153 	 * workdir. This check requires successful creation of workdir in
1154 	 * previous step.
1155 	 */
1156 	err = ovl_check_d_type_supported(workpath);
1157 	if (err < 0)
1158 		goto out;
1159 
1160 	d_type = err;
1161 	if (!d_type)
1162 		pr_warn("upper fs needs to support d_type.\n");
1163 
1164 	/* Check if upper/work fs supports O_TMPFILE */
1165 	temp = ovl_do_tmpfile(ofs->workdir, S_IFREG | 0);
1166 	ofs->tmpfile = !IS_ERR(temp);
1167 	if (ofs->tmpfile)
1168 		dput(temp);
1169 	else
1170 		pr_warn("upper fs does not support tmpfile.\n");
1171 
1172 
1173 	/* Check if upper/work fs supports RENAME_WHITEOUT */
1174 	err = ovl_check_rename_whiteout(ofs->workdir);
1175 	if (err < 0)
1176 		goto out;
1177 
1178 	rename_whiteout = err;
1179 	if (!rename_whiteout)
1180 		pr_warn("upper fs does not support RENAME_WHITEOUT.\n");
1181 
1182 	/*
1183 	 * Check if upper/work fs supports trusted.overlay.* xattr
1184 	 */
1185 	err = ovl_do_setxattr(ofs->workdir, OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE, "0", 1, 0);
1186 	if (err) {
1187 		ofs->noxattr = true;
1188 		ofs->config.index = false;
1189 		ofs->config.metacopy = false;
1190 		pr_warn("upper fs does not support xattr, falling back to index=off and metacopy=off.\n");
1191 		err = 0;
1192 	} else {
1193 		vfs_removexattr(ofs->workdir, OVL_XATTR_OPAQUE);
1194 	}
1195 
1196 	/*
1197 	 * We allowed sub-optimal upper fs configuration and don't want to break
1198 	 * users over kernel upgrade, but we never allowed remote upper fs, so
1199 	 * we can enforce strict requirements for remote upper fs.
1200 	 */
1201 	if (ovl_dentry_remote(ofs->workdir) &&
1202 	    (!d_type || !rename_whiteout || ofs->noxattr)) {
1203 		pr_err("upper fs missing required features.\n");
1204 		err = -EINVAL;
1205 		goto out;
1206 	}
1207 
1208 	/* Check if upper/work fs supports file handles */
1209 	fh_type = ovl_can_decode_fh(ofs->workdir->d_sb);
1210 	if (ofs->config.index && !fh_type) {
1211 		ofs->config.index = false;
1212 		pr_warn("upper fs does not support file handles, falling back to index=off.\n");
1213 	}
1214 
1215 	/* Check if upper fs has 32bit inode numbers */
1216 	if (fh_type != FILEID_INO32_GEN)
1217 		ofs->xino_mode = -1;
1218 
1219 	/* NFS export of r/w mount depends on index */
1220 	if (ofs->config.nfs_export && !ofs->config.index) {
1221 		pr_warn("NFS export requires \"index=on\", falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
1222 		ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
1223 	}
1224 out:
1225 	mnt_drop_write(mnt);
1226 	return err;
1227 }
1228 
1229 static int ovl_get_workdir(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1230 			   struct path *upperpath)
1231 {
1232 	int err;
1233 	struct path workpath = { };
1234 
1235 	err = ovl_mount_dir(ofs->config.workdir, &workpath);
1236 	if (err)
1237 		goto out;
1238 
1239 	err = -EINVAL;
1240 	if (upperpath->mnt != workpath.mnt) {
1241 		pr_err("workdir and upperdir must reside under the same mount\n");
1242 		goto out;
1243 	}
1244 	if (!ovl_workdir_ok(workpath.dentry, upperpath->dentry)) {
1245 		pr_err("workdir and upperdir must be separate subtrees\n");
1246 		goto out;
1247 	}
1248 
1249 	ofs->workbasedir = dget(workpath.dentry);
1250 
1251 	if (ovl_inuse_trylock(ofs->workbasedir)) {
1252 		ofs->workdir_locked = true;
1253 	} else {
1254 		err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, "workdir");
1255 		if (err)
1256 			goto out;
1257 	}
1258 
1259 	err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, ofs->workbasedir, &ofs->workbasedir_trap,
1260 			     "workdir");
1261 	if (err)
1262 		goto out;
1263 
1264 	err = ovl_make_workdir(sb, ofs, &workpath);
1265 
1266 out:
1267 	path_put(&workpath);
1268 
1269 	return err;
1270 }
1271 
1272 static int ovl_get_indexdir(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1273 			    struct ovl_entry *oe, struct path *upperpath)
1274 {
1275 	struct vfsmount *mnt = ofs->upper_mnt;
1276 	int err;
1277 
1278 	err = mnt_want_write(mnt);
1279 	if (err)
1280 		return err;
1281 
1282 	/* Verify lower root is upper root origin */
1283 	err = ovl_verify_origin(upperpath->dentry, oe->lowerstack[0].dentry,
1284 				true);
1285 	if (err) {
1286 		pr_err("failed to verify upper root origin\n");
1287 		goto out;
1288 	}
1289 
1290 	ofs->indexdir = ovl_workdir_create(ofs, OVL_INDEXDIR_NAME, true);
1291 	if (ofs->indexdir) {
1292 		err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, ofs->indexdir, &ofs->indexdir_trap,
1293 				     "indexdir");
1294 		if (err)
1295 			goto out;
1296 
1297 		/*
1298 		 * Verify upper root is exclusively associated with index dir.
1299 		 * Older kernels stored upper fh in "trusted.overlay.origin"
1300 		 * xattr. If that xattr exists, verify that it is a match to
1301 		 * upper dir file handle. In any case, verify or set xattr
1302 		 * "trusted.overlay.upper" to indicate that index may have
1303 		 * directory entries.
1304 		 */
1305 		if (ovl_check_origin_xattr(ofs->indexdir)) {
1306 			err = ovl_verify_set_fh(ofs->indexdir, OVL_XATTR_ORIGIN,
1307 						upperpath->dentry, true, false);
1308 			if (err)
1309 				pr_err("failed to verify index dir 'origin' xattr\n");
1310 		}
1311 		err = ovl_verify_upper(ofs->indexdir, upperpath->dentry, true);
1312 		if (err)
1313 			pr_err("failed to verify index dir 'upper' xattr\n");
1314 
1315 		/* Cleanup bad/stale/orphan index entries */
1316 		if (!err)
1317 			err = ovl_indexdir_cleanup(ofs);
1318 	}
1319 	if (err || !ofs->indexdir)
1320 		pr_warn("try deleting index dir or mounting with '-o index=off' to disable inodes index.\n");
1321 
1322 out:
1323 	mnt_drop_write(mnt);
1324 	return err;
1325 }
1326 
1327 static bool ovl_lower_uuid_ok(struct ovl_fs *ofs, const uuid_t *uuid)
1328 {
1329 	unsigned int i;
1330 
1331 	if (!ofs->config.nfs_export && !ofs->upper_mnt)
1332 		return true;
1333 
1334 	for (i = 0; i < ofs->numfs; i++) {
1335 		/*
1336 		 * We use uuid to associate an overlay lower file handle with a
1337 		 * lower layer, so we can accept lower fs with null uuid as long
1338 		 * as all lower layers with null uuid are on the same fs.
1339 		 * if we detect multiple lower fs with the same uuid, we
1340 		 * disable lower file handle decoding on all of them.
1341 		 */
1342 		if (ofs->fs[i].is_lower &&
1343 		    uuid_equal(&ofs->fs[i].sb->s_uuid, uuid)) {
1344 			ofs->fs[i].bad_uuid = true;
1345 			return false;
1346 		}
1347 	}
1348 	return true;
1349 }
1350 
1351 /* Get a unique fsid for the layer */
1352 static int ovl_get_fsid(struct ovl_fs *ofs, const struct path *path)
1353 {
1354 	struct super_block *sb = path->mnt->mnt_sb;
1355 	unsigned int i;
1356 	dev_t dev;
1357 	int err;
1358 	bool bad_uuid = false;
1359 
1360 	for (i = 0; i < ofs->numfs; i++) {
1361 		if (ofs->fs[i].sb == sb)
1362 			return i;
1363 	}
1364 
1365 	if (!ovl_lower_uuid_ok(ofs, &sb->s_uuid)) {
1366 		bad_uuid = true;
1367 		if (ofs->config.index || ofs->config.nfs_export) {
1368 			ofs->config.index = false;
1369 			ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
1370 			pr_warn("%s uuid detected in lower fs '%pd2', falling back to index=off,nfs_export=off.\n",
1371 				uuid_is_null(&sb->s_uuid) ? "null" :
1372 							    "conflicting",
1373 				path->dentry);
1374 		}
1375 	}
1376 
1377 	err = get_anon_bdev(&dev);
1378 	if (err) {
1379 		pr_err("failed to get anonymous bdev for lowerpath\n");
1380 		return err;
1381 	}
1382 
1383 	ofs->fs[ofs->numfs].sb = sb;
1384 	ofs->fs[ofs->numfs].pseudo_dev = dev;
1385 	ofs->fs[ofs->numfs].bad_uuid = bad_uuid;
1386 
1387 	return ofs->numfs++;
1388 }
1389 
1390 static int ovl_get_layers(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1391 			  struct path *stack, unsigned int numlower)
1392 {
1393 	int err;
1394 	unsigned int i;
1395 	struct ovl_layer *layers;
1396 
1397 	err = -ENOMEM;
1398 	layers = kcalloc(numlower + 1, sizeof(struct ovl_layer), GFP_KERNEL);
1399 	if (!layers)
1400 		goto out;
1401 	ofs->layers = layers;
1402 
1403 	ofs->fs = kcalloc(numlower + 1, sizeof(struct ovl_sb), GFP_KERNEL);
1404 	if (ofs->fs == NULL)
1405 		goto out;
1406 
1407 	/* idx/fsid 0 are reserved for upper fs even with lower only overlay */
1408 	ofs->numfs++;
1409 
1410 	layers[0].mnt = ofs->upper_mnt;
1411 	layers[0].idx = 0;
1412 	layers[0].fsid = 0;
1413 	ofs->numlayer = 1;
1414 
1415 	/*
1416 	 * All lower layers that share the same fs as upper layer, use the same
1417 	 * pseudo_dev as upper layer.  Allocate fs[0].pseudo_dev even for lower
1418 	 * only overlay to simplify ovl_fs_free().
1419 	 * is_lower will be set if upper fs is shared with a lower layer.
1420 	 */
1421 	err = get_anon_bdev(&ofs->fs[0].pseudo_dev);
1422 	if (err) {
1423 		pr_err("failed to get anonymous bdev for upper fs\n");
1424 		goto out;
1425 	}
1426 
1427 	if (ofs->upper_mnt) {
1428 		ofs->fs[0].sb = ofs->upper_mnt->mnt_sb;
1429 		ofs->fs[0].is_lower = false;
1430 	}
1431 
1432 	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++) {
1433 		struct vfsmount *mnt;
1434 		struct inode *trap;
1435 		int fsid;
1436 
1437 		err = fsid = ovl_get_fsid(ofs, &stack[i]);
1438 		if (err < 0)
1439 			goto out;
1440 
1441 		err = ovl_setup_trap(sb, stack[i].dentry, &trap, "lowerdir");
1442 		if (err)
1443 			goto out;
1444 
1445 		if (ovl_is_inuse(stack[i].dentry)) {
1446 			err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, "lowerdir");
1447 			if (err)
1448 				goto out;
1449 		}
1450 
1451 		mnt = clone_private_mount(&stack[i]);
1452 		err = PTR_ERR(mnt);
1453 		if (IS_ERR(mnt)) {
1454 			pr_err("failed to clone lowerpath\n");
1455 			iput(trap);
1456 			goto out;
1457 		}
1458 
1459 		/*
1460 		 * Make lower layers R/O.  That way fchmod/fchown on lower file
1461 		 * will fail instead of modifying lower fs.
1462 		 */
1463 		mnt->mnt_flags |= MNT_READONLY | MNT_NOATIME;
1464 
1465 		layers[ofs->numlayer].trap = trap;
1466 		layers[ofs->numlayer].mnt = mnt;
1467 		layers[ofs->numlayer].idx = ofs->numlayer;
1468 		layers[ofs->numlayer].fsid = fsid;
1469 		layers[ofs->numlayer].fs = &ofs->fs[fsid];
1470 		ofs->numlayer++;
1471 		ofs->fs[fsid].is_lower = true;
1472 	}
1473 
1474 	/*
1475 	 * When all layers on same fs, overlay can use real inode numbers.
1476 	 * With mount option "xino=<on|auto>", mounter declares that there are
1477 	 * enough free high bits in underlying fs to hold the unique fsid.
1478 	 * If overlayfs does encounter underlying inodes using the high xino
1479 	 * bits reserved for fsid, it emits a warning and uses the original
1480 	 * inode number or a non persistent inode number allocated from a
1481 	 * dedicated range.
1482 	 */
1483 	if (ofs->numfs - !ofs->upper_mnt == 1) {
1484 		if (ofs->config.xino == OVL_XINO_ON)
1485 			pr_info("\"xino=on\" is useless with all layers on same fs, ignore.\n");
1486 		ofs->xino_mode = 0;
1487 	} else if (ofs->config.xino == OVL_XINO_OFF) {
1488 		ofs->xino_mode = -1;
1489 	} else if (ofs->xino_mode < 0) {
1490 		/*
1491 		 * This is a roundup of number of bits needed for encoding
1492 		 * fsid, where fsid 0 is reserved for upper fs (even with
1493 		 * lower only overlay) +1 extra bit is reserved for the non
1494 		 * persistent inode number range that is used for resolving
1495 		 * xino lower bits overflow.
1496 		 */
1497 		BUILD_BUG_ON(ilog2(OVL_MAX_STACK) > 30);
1498 		ofs->xino_mode = ilog2(ofs->numfs - 1) + 2;
1499 	}
1500 
1501 	if (ofs->xino_mode > 0) {
1502 		pr_info("\"xino\" feature enabled using %d upper inode bits.\n",
1503 			ofs->xino_mode);
1504 	}
1505 
1506 	err = 0;
1507 out:
1508 	return err;
1509 }
1510 
1511 static struct ovl_entry *ovl_get_lowerstack(struct super_block *sb,
1512 					    struct ovl_fs *ofs)
1513 {
1514 	int err;
1515 	char *lowertmp, *lower;
1516 	struct path *stack = NULL;
1517 	unsigned int stacklen, numlower = 0, i;
1518 	struct ovl_entry *oe;
1519 
1520 	err = -ENOMEM;
1521 	lowertmp = kstrdup(ofs->config.lowerdir, GFP_KERNEL);
1522 	if (!lowertmp)
1523 		goto out_err;
1524 
1525 	err = -EINVAL;
1526 	stacklen = ovl_split_lowerdirs(lowertmp);
1527 	if (stacklen > OVL_MAX_STACK) {
1528 		pr_err("too many lower directories, limit is %d\n",
1529 		       OVL_MAX_STACK);
1530 		goto out_err;
1531 	} else if (!ofs->config.upperdir && stacklen == 1) {
1532 		pr_err("at least 2 lowerdir are needed while upperdir nonexistent\n");
1533 		goto out_err;
1534 	} else if (!ofs->config.upperdir && ofs->config.nfs_export &&
1535 		   ofs->config.redirect_follow) {
1536 		pr_warn("NFS export requires \"redirect_dir=nofollow\" on non-upper mount, falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
1537 		ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
1538 	}
1539 
1540 	err = -ENOMEM;
1541 	stack = kcalloc(stacklen, sizeof(struct path), GFP_KERNEL);
1542 	if (!stack)
1543 		goto out_err;
1544 
1545 	err = -EINVAL;
1546 	lower = lowertmp;
1547 	for (numlower = 0; numlower < stacklen; numlower++) {
1548 		err = ovl_lower_dir(lower, &stack[numlower], ofs,
1549 				    &sb->s_stack_depth);
1550 		if (err)
1551 			goto out_err;
1552 
1553 		lower = strchr(lower, '\0') + 1;
1554 	}
1555 
1556 	err = -EINVAL;
1557 	sb->s_stack_depth++;
1558 	if (sb->s_stack_depth > FILESYSTEM_MAX_STACK_DEPTH) {
1559 		pr_err("maximum fs stacking depth exceeded\n");
1560 		goto out_err;
1561 	}
1562 
1563 	err = ovl_get_layers(sb, ofs, stack, numlower);
1564 	if (err)
1565 		goto out_err;
1566 
1567 	err = -ENOMEM;
1568 	oe = ovl_alloc_entry(numlower);
1569 	if (!oe)
1570 		goto out_err;
1571 
1572 	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++) {
1573 		oe->lowerstack[i].dentry = dget(stack[i].dentry);
1574 		oe->lowerstack[i].layer = &ofs->layers[i+1];
1575 	}
1576 
1577 out:
1578 	for (i = 0; i < numlower; i++)
1579 		path_put(&stack[i]);
1580 	kfree(stack);
1581 	kfree(lowertmp);
1582 
1583 	return oe;
1584 
1585 out_err:
1586 	oe = ERR_PTR(err);
1587 	goto out;
1588 }
1589 
1590 /*
1591  * Check if this layer root is a descendant of:
1592  * - another layer of this overlayfs instance
1593  * - upper/work dir of any overlayfs instance
1594  */
1595 static int ovl_check_layer(struct super_block *sb, struct ovl_fs *ofs,
1596 			   struct dentry *dentry, const char *name)
1597 {
1598 	struct dentry *next = dentry, *parent;
1599 	int err = 0;
1600 
1601 	if (!dentry)
1602 		return 0;
1603 
1604 	parent = dget_parent(next);
1605 
1606 	/* Walk back ancestors to root (inclusive) looking for traps */
1607 	while (!err && parent != next) {
1608 		if (ovl_lookup_trap_inode(sb, parent)) {
1609 			err = -ELOOP;
1610 			pr_err("overlapping %s path\n", name);
1611 		} else if (ovl_is_inuse(parent)) {
1612 			err = ovl_report_in_use(ofs, name);
1613 		}
1614 		next = parent;
1615 		parent = dget_parent(next);
1616 		dput(next);
1617 	}
1618 
1619 	dput(parent);
1620 
1621 	return err;
1622 }
1623 
1624 /*
1625  * Check if any of the layers or work dirs overlap.
1626  */
1627 static int ovl_check_overlapping_layers(struct super_block *sb,
1628 					struct ovl_fs *ofs)
1629 {
1630 	int i, err;
1631 
1632 	if (ofs->upper_mnt) {
1633 		err = ovl_check_layer(sb, ofs, ofs->upper_mnt->mnt_root,
1634 				      "upperdir");
1635 		if (err)
1636 			return err;
1637 
1638 		/*
1639 		 * Checking workbasedir avoids hitting ovl_is_inuse(parent) of
1640 		 * this instance and covers overlapping work and index dirs,
1641 		 * unless work or index dir have been moved since created inside
1642 		 * workbasedir.  In that case, we already have their traps in
1643 		 * inode cache and we will catch that case on lookup.
1644 		 */
1645 		err = ovl_check_layer(sb, ofs, ofs->workbasedir, "workdir");
1646 		if (err)
1647 			return err;
1648 	}
1649 
1650 	for (i = 1; i < ofs->numlayer; i++) {
1651 		err = ovl_check_layer(sb, ofs,
1652 				      ofs->layers[i].mnt->mnt_root,
1653 				      "lowerdir");
1654 		if (err)
1655 			return err;
1656 	}
1657 
1658 	return 0;
1659 }
1660 
1661 static struct dentry *ovl_get_root(struct super_block *sb,
1662 				   struct dentry *upperdentry,
1663 				   struct ovl_entry *oe)
1664 {
1665 	struct dentry *root;
1666 	struct ovl_path *lowerpath = &oe->lowerstack[0];
1667 	unsigned long ino = d_inode(lowerpath->dentry)->i_ino;
1668 	int fsid = lowerpath->layer->fsid;
1669 	struct ovl_inode_params oip = {
1670 		.upperdentry = upperdentry,
1671 		.lowerpath = lowerpath,
1672 	};
1673 
1674 	root = d_make_root(ovl_new_inode(sb, S_IFDIR, 0));
1675 	if (!root)
1676 		return NULL;
1677 
1678 	root->d_fsdata = oe;
1679 
1680 	if (upperdentry) {
1681 		/* Root inode uses upper st_ino/i_ino */
1682 		ino = d_inode(upperdentry)->i_ino;
1683 		fsid = 0;
1684 		ovl_dentry_set_upper_alias(root);
1685 		if (ovl_is_impuredir(upperdentry))
1686 			ovl_set_flag(OVL_IMPURE, d_inode(root));
1687 	}
1688 
1689 	/* Root is always merge -> can have whiteouts */
1690 	ovl_set_flag(OVL_WHITEOUTS, d_inode(root));
1691 	ovl_dentry_set_flag(OVL_E_CONNECTED, root);
1692 	ovl_set_upperdata(d_inode(root));
1693 	ovl_inode_init(d_inode(root), &oip, ino, fsid);
1694 	ovl_dentry_update_reval(root, upperdentry, DCACHE_OP_WEAK_REVALIDATE);
1695 
1696 	return root;
1697 }
1698 
1699 static int ovl_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, void *data, int silent)
1700 {
1701 	struct path upperpath = { };
1702 	struct dentry *root_dentry;
1703 	struct ovl_entry *oe;
1704 	struct ovl_fs *ofs;
1705 	struct cred *cred;
1706 	int err;
1707 
1708 	sb->s_d_op = &ovl_dentry_operations;
1709 
1710 	err = -ENOMEM;
1711 	ofs = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ovl_fs), GFP_KERNEL);
1712 	if (!ofs)
1713 		goto out;
1714 
1715 	ofs->creator_cred = cred = prepare_creds();
1716 	if (!cred)
1717 		goto out_err;
1718 
1719 	ofs->config.index = ovl_index_def;
1720 	ofs->config.nfs_export = ovl_nfs_export_def;
1721 	ofs->config.xino = ovl_xino_def();
1722 	ofs->config.metacopy = ovl_metacopy_def;
1723 	err = ovl_parse_opt((char *) data, &ofs->config);
1724 	if (err)
1725 		goto out_err;
1726 
1727 	err = -EINVAL;
1728 	if (!ofs->config.lowerdir) {
1729 		if (!silent)
1730 			pr_err("missing 'lowerdir'\n");
1731 		goto out_err;
1732 	}
1733 
1734 	sb->s_stack_depth = 0;
1735 	sb->s_maxbytes = MAX_LFS_FILESIZE;
1736 	atomic_long_set(&ofs->last_ino, 1);
1737 	/* Assume underlaying fs uses 32bit inodes unless proven otherwise */
1738 	if (ofs->config.xino != OVL_XINO_OFF) {
1739 		ofs->xino_mode = BITS_PER_LONG - 32;
1740 		if (!ofs->xino_mode) {
1741 			pr_warn("xino not supported on 32bit kernel, falling back to xino=off.\n");
1742 			ofs->config.xino = OVL_XINO_OFF;
1743 		}
1744 	}
1745 
1746 	/* alloc/destroy_inode needed for setting up traps in inode cache */
1747 	sb->s_op = &ovl_super_operations;
1748 
1749 	if (ofs->config.upperdir) {
1750 		if (!ofs->config.workdir) {
1751 			pr_err("missing 'workdir'\n");
1752 			goto out_err;
1753 		}
1754 
1755 		err = ovl_get_upper(sb, ofs, &upperpath);
1756 		if (err)
1757 			goto out_err;
1758 
1759 		err = ovl_get_workdir(sb, ofs, &upperpath);
1760 		if (err)
1761 			goto out_err;
1762 
1763 		if (!ofs->workdir)
1764 			sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
1765 
1766 		sb->s_stack_depth = ofs->upper_mnt->mnt_sb->s_stack_depth;
1767 		sb->s_time_gran = ofs->upper_mnt->mnt_sb->s_time_gran;
1768 
1769 	}
1770 	oe = ovl_get_lowerstack(sb, ofs);
1771 	err = PTR_ERR(oe);
1772 	if (IS_ERR(oe))
1773 		goto out_err;
1774 
1775 	/* If the upper fs is nonexistent, we mark overlayfs r/o too */
1776 	if (!ofs->upper_mnt)
1777 		sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
1778 
1779 	if (!(ovl_force_readonly(ofs)) && ofs->config.index) {
1780 		err = ovl_get_indexdir(sb, ofs, oe, &upperpath);
1781 		if (err)
1782 			goto out_free_oe;
1783 
1784 		/* Force r/o mount with no index dir */
1785 		if (!ofs->indexdir) {
1786 			dput(ofs->workdir);
1787 			ofs->workdir = NULL;
1788 			sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
1789 		}
1790 
1791 	}
1792 
1793 	err = ovl_check_overlapping_layers(sb, ofs);
1794 	if (err)
1795 		goto out_free_oe;
1796 
1797 	/* Show index=off in /proc/mounts for forced r/o mount */
1798 	if (!ofs->indexdir) {
1799 		ofs->config.index = false;
1800 		if (ofs->upper_mnt && ofs->config.nfs_export) {
1801 			pr_warn("NFS export requires an index dir, falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
1802 			ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
1803 		}
1804 	}
1805 
1806 	if (ofs->config.metacopy && ofs->config.nfs_export) {
1807 		pr_warn("NFS export is not supported with metadata only copy up, falling back to nfs_export=off.\n");
1808 		ofs->config.nfs_export = false;
1809 	}
1810 
1811 	if (ofs->config.nfs_export)
1812 		sb->s_export_op = &ovl_export_operations;
1813 
1814 	/* Never override disk quota limits or use reserved space */
1815 	cap_lower(cred->cap_effective, CAP_SYS_RESOURCE);
1816 
1817 	sb->s_magic = OVERLAYFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
1818 	sb->s_xattr = ovl_xattr_handlers;
1819 	sb->s_fs_info = ofs;
1820 	sb->s_flags |= SB_POSIXACL;
1821 
1822 	err = -ENOMEM;
1823 	root_dentry = ovl_get_root(sb, upperpath.dentry, oe);
1824 	if (!root_dentry)
1825 		goto out_free_oe;
1826 
1827 	mntput(upperpath.mnt);
1828 
1829 	sb->s_root = root_dentry;
1830 
1831 	return 0;
1832 
1833 out_free_oe:
1834 	ovl_entry_stack_free(oe);
1835 	kfree(oe);
1836 out_err:
1837 	path_put(&upperpath);
1838 	ovl_free_fs(ofs);
1839 out:
1840 	return err;
1841 }
1842 
1843 static struct dentry *ovl_mount(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
1844 				const char *dev_name, void *raw_data)
1845 {
1846 	return mount_nodev(fs_type, flags, raw_data, ovl_fill_super);
1847 }
1848 
1849 static struct file_system_type ovl_fs_type = {
1850 	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
1851 	.name		= "overlay",
1852 	.mount		= ovl_mount,
1853 	.kill_sb	= kill_anon_super,
1854 };
1855 MODULE_ALIAS_FS("overlay");
1856 
1857 static void ovl_inode_init_once(void *foo)
1858 {
1859 	struct ovl_inode *oi = foo;
1860 
1861 	inode_init_once(&oi->vfs_inode);
1862 }
1863 
1864 static int __init ovl_init(void)
1865 {
1866 	int err;
1867 
1868 	ovl_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("ovl_inode",
1869 					     sizeof(struct ovl_inode), 0,
1870 					     (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|
1871 					      SLAB_MEM_SPREAD|SLAB_ACCOUNT),
1872 					     ovl_inode_init_once);
1873 	if (ovl_inode_cachep == NULL)
1874 		return -ENOMEM;
1875 
1876 	err = ovl_aio_request_cache_init();
1877 	if (!err) {
1878 		err = register_filesystem(&ovl_fs_type);
1879 		if (!err)
1880 			return 0;
1881 
1882 		ovl_aio_request_cache_destroy();
1883 	}
1884 	kmem_cache_destroy(ovl_inode_cachep);
1885 
1886 	return err;
1887 }
1888 
1889 static void __exit ovl_exit(void)
1890 {
1891 	unregister_filesystem(&ovl_fs_type);
1892 
1893 	/*
1894 	 * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
1895 	 * destroy cache.
1896 	 */
1897 	rcu_barrier();
1898 	kmem_cache_destroy(ovl_inode_cachep);
1899 	ovl_aio_request_cache_destroy();
1900 }
1901 
1902 module_init(ovl_init);
1903 module_exit(ovl_exit);
1904