xref: /linux/fs/notify/dnotify/dnotify.c (revision ba199dc909a20fe62270ae4e93f263987bb9d119)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
2 /*
3  * Directory notifications for Linux.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2000,2001,2002 Stephen Rothwell
6  *
7  * Copyright (C) 2009 Eric Paris <Red Hat Inc>
8  * dnotify was largly rewritten to use the new fsnotify infrastructure
9  */
10 #include <linux/fs.h>
11 #include <linux/module.h>
12 #include <linux/sched.h>
13 #include <linux/sched/signal.h>
14 #include <linux/dnotify.h>
15 #include <linux/init.h>
16 #include <linux/security.h>
17 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
18 #include <linux/slab.h>
19 #include <linux/fdtable.h>
20 #include <linux/fsnotify_backend.h>
21 
22 static int dir_notify_enable __read_mostly = 1;
23 #ifdef CONFIG_SYSCTL
24 static struct ctl_table dnotify_sysctls[] = {
25 	{
26 		.procname	= "dir-notify-enable",
27 		.data		= &dir_notify_enable,
28 		.maxlen		= sizeof(int),
29 		.mode		= 0644,
30 		.proc_handler	= proc_dointvec,
31 	},
32 };
33 static void __init dnotify_sysctl_init(void)
34 {
35 	register_sysctl_init("fs", dnotify_sysctls);
36 }
37 #else
38 #define dnotify_sysctl_init() do { } while (0)
39 #endif
40 
41 static struct kmem_cache *dnotify_struct_cache __ro_after_init;
42 static struct kmem_cache *dnotify_mark_cache __ro_after_init;
43 static struct fsnotify_group *dnotify_group __ro_after_init;
44 
45 /*
46  * dnotify will attach one of these to each inode (i_fsnotify_marks) which
47  * is being watched by dnotify.  If multiple userspace applications are watching
48  * the same directory with dnotify their information is chained in dn
49  */
50 struct dnotify_mark {
51 	struct fsnotify_mark fsn_mark;
52 	struct dnotify_struct *dn;
53 };
54 
55 /*
56  * When a process starts or stops watching an inode the set of events which
57  * dnotify cares about for that inode may change.  This function runs the
58  * list of everything receiving dnotify events about this directory and calculates
59  * the set of all those events.  After it updates what dnotify is interested in
60  * it calls the fsnotify function so it can update the set of all events relevant
61  * to this inode.
62  */
63 static void dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(struct fsnotify_mark *fsn_mark)
64 {
65 	__u32 new_mask = 0;
66 	struct dnotify_struct *dn;
67 	struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark  = container_of(fsn_mark,
68 						     struct dnotify_mark,
69 						     fsn_mark);
70 
71 	assert_spin_locked(&fsn_mark->lock);
72 
73 	for (dn = dn_mark->dn; dn != NULL; dn = dn->dn_next)
74 		new_mask |= (dn->dn_mask & ~FS_DN_MULTISHOT);
75 	if (fsn_mark->mask == new_mask)
76 		return;
77 	fsn_mark->mask = new_mask;
78 
79 	fsnotify_recalc_mask(fsn_mark->connector);
80 }
81 
82 /*
83  * Mains fsnotify call where events are delivered to dnotify.
84  * Find the dnotify mark on the relevant inode, run the list of dnotify structs
85  * on that mark and determine which of them has expressed interest in receiving
86  * events of this type.  When found send the correct process and signal and
87  * destroy the dnotify struct if it was not registered to receive multiple
88  * events.
89  */
90 static int dnotify_handle_event(struct fsnotify_mark *inode_mark, u32 mask,
91 				struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir,
92 				const struct qstr *name, u32 cookie)
93 {
94 	struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark;
95 	struct dnotify_struct *dn;
96 	struct dnotify_struct **prev;
97 	struct fown_struct *fown;
98 	__u32 test_mask = mask & ~FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD;
99 
100 	/* not a dir, dnotify doesn't care */
101 	if (!dir && !(mask & FS_ISDIR))
102 		return 0;
103 
104 	dn_mark = container_of(inode_mark, struct dnotify_mark, fsn_mark);
105 
106 	spin_lock(&inode_mark->lock);
107 	prev = &dn_mark->dn;
108 	while ((dn = *prev) != NULL) {
109 		if ((dn->dn_mask & test_mask) == 0) {
110 			prev = &dn->dn_next;
111 			continue;
112 		}
113 		fown = &dn->dn_filp->f_owner;
114 		send_sigio(fown, dn->dn_fd, POLL_MSG);
115 		if (dn->dn_mask & FS_DN_MULTISHOT)
116 			prev = &dn->dn_next;
117 		else {
118 			*prev = dn->dn_next;
119 			kmem_cache_free(dnotify_struct_cache, dn);
120 			dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(inode_mark);
121 		}
122 	}
123 
124 	spin_unlock(&inode_mark->lock);
125 
126 	return 0;
127 }
128 
129 static void dnotify_free_mark(struct fsnotify_mark *fsn_mark)
130 {
131 	struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark = container_of(fsn_mark,
132 						    struct dnotify_mark,
133 						    fsn_mark);
134 
135 	BUG_ON(dn_mark->dn);
136 
137 	kmem_cache_free(dnotify_mark_cache, dn_mark);
138 }
139 
140 static const struct fsnotify_ops dnotify_fsnotify_ops = {
141 	.handle_inode_event = dnotify_handle_event,
142 	.free_mark = dnotify_free_mark,
143 };
144 
145 /*
146  * Called every time a file is closed.  Looks first for a dnotify mark on the
147  * inode.  If one is found run all of the ->dn structures attached to that
148  * mark for one relevant to this process closing the file and remove that
149  * dnotify_struct.  If that was the last dnotify_struct also remove the
150  * fsnotify_mark.
151  */
152 void dnotify_flush(struct file *filp, fl_owner_t id)
153 {
154 	struct fsnotify_mark *fsn_mark;
155 	struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark;
156 	struct dnotify_struct *dn;
157 	struct dnotify_struct **prev;
158 	struct inode *inode;
159 	bool free = false;
160 
161 	inode = file_inode(filp);
162 	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
163 		return;
164 
165 	fsn_mark = fsnotify_find_inode_mark(inode, dnotify_group);
166 	if (!fsn_mark)
167 		return;
168 	dn_mark = container_of(fsn_mark, struct dnotify_mark, fsn_mark);
169 
170 	fsnotify_group_lock(dnotify_group);
171 
172 	spin_lock(&fsn_mark->lock);
173 	prev = &dn_mark->dn;
174 	while ((dn = *prev) != NULL) {
175 		if ((dn->dn_owner == id) && (dn->dn_filp == filp)) {
176 			*prev = dn->dn_next;
177 			kmem_cache_free(dnotify_struct_cache, dn);
178 			dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(fsn_mark);
179 			break;
180 		}
181 		prev = &dn->dn_next;
182 	}
183 
184 	spin_unlock(&fsn_mark->lock);
185 
186 	/* nothing else could have found us thanks to the dnotify_groups
187 	   mark_mutex */
188 	if (dn_mark->dn == NULL) {
189 		fsnotify_detach_mark(fsn_mark);
190 		free = true;
191 	}
192 
193 	fsnotify_group_unlock(dnotify_group);
194 
195 	if (free)
196 		fsnotify_free_mark(fsn_mark);
197 	fsnotify_put_mark(fsn_mark);
198 }
199 
200 /* this conversion is done only at watch creation */
201 static __u32 convert_arg(unsigned int arg)
202 {
203 	__u32 new_mask = FS_EVENT_ON_CHILD;
204 
205 	if (arg & DN_MULTISHOT)
206 		new_mask |= FS_DN_MULTISHOT;
207 	if (arg & DN_DELETE)
208 		new_mask |= (FS_DELETE | FS_MOVED_FROM);
209 	if (arg & DN_MODIFY)
210 		new_mask |= FS_MODIFY;
211 	if (arg & DN_ACCESS)
212 		new_mask |= FS_ACCESS;
213 	if (arg & DN_ATTRIB)
214 		new_mask |= FS_ATTRIB;
215 	if (arg & DN_RENAME)
216 		new_mask |= FS_RENAME;
217 	if (arg & DN_CREATE)
218 		new_mask |= (FS_CREATE | FS_MOVED_TO);
219 
220 	return new_mask;
221 }
222 
223 /*
224  * If multiple processes watch the same inode with dnotify there is only one
225  * dnotify mark in inode->i_fsnotify_marks but we chain a dnotify_struct
226  * onto that mark.  This function either attaches the new dnotify_struct onto
227  * that list, or it |= the mask onto an existing dnofiy_struct.
228  */
229 static int attach_dn(struct dnotify_struct *dn, struct dnotify_mark *dn_mark,
230 		     fl_owner_t id, int fd, struct file *filp, __u32 mask)
231 {
232 	struct dnotify_struct *odn;
233 
234 	odn = dn_mark->dn;
235 	while (odn != NULL) {
236 		/* adding more events to existing dnofiy_struct? */
237 		if ((odn->dn_owner == id) && (odn->dn_filp == filp)) {
238 			odn->dn_fd = fd;
239 			odn->dn_mask |= mask;
240 			return -EEXIST;
241 		}
242 		odn = odn->dn_next;
243 	}
244 
245 	dn->dn_mask = mask;
246 	dn->dn_fd = fd;
247 	dn->dn_filp = filp;
248 	dn->dn_owner = id;
249 	dn->dn_next = dn_mark->dn;
250 	dn_mark->dn = dn;
251 
252 	return 0;
253 }
254 
255 /*
256  * When a process calls fcntl to attach a dnotify watch to a directory it ends
257  * up here.  Allocate both a mark for fsnotify to add and a dnotify_struct to be
258  * attached to the fsnotify_mark.
259  */
260 int fcntl_dirnotify(int fd, struct file *filp, unsigned int arg)
261 {
262 	struct dnotify_mark *new_dn_mark, *dn_mark;
263 	struct fsnotify_mark *new_fsn_mark, *fsn_mark;
264 	struct dnotify_struct *dn;
265 	struct inode *inode;
266 	fl_owner_t id = current->files;
267 	struct file *f = NULL;
268 	int destroy = 0, error = 0;
269 	__u32 mask;
270 
271 	/* we use these to tell if we need to kfree */
272 	new_fsn_mark = NULL;
273 	dn = NULL;
274 
275 	if (!dir_notify_enable) {
276 		error = -EINVAL;
277 		goto out_err;
278 	}
279 
280 	/* a 0 mask means we are explicitly removing the watch */
281 	if ((arg & ~DN_MULTISHOT) == 0) {
282 		dnotify_flush(filp, id);
283 		error = 0;
284 		goto out_err;
285 	}
286 
287 	/* dnotify only works on directories */
288 	inode = file_inode(filp);
289 	if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
290 		error = -ENOTDIR;
291 		goto out_err;
292 	}
293 
294 	/*
295 	 * convert the userspace DN_* "arg" to the internal FS_*
296 	 * defined in fsnotify
297 	 */
298 	mask = convert_arg(arg);
299 
300 	error = security_path_notify(&filp->f_path, mask,
301 			FSNOTIFY_OBJ_TYPE_INODE);
302 	if (error)
303 		goto out_err;
304 
305 	/* expect most fcntl to add new rather than augment old */
306 	dn = kmem_cache_alloc(dnotify_struct_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
307 	if (!dn) {
308 		error = -ENOMEM;
309 		goto out_err;
310 	}
311 
312 	/* new fsnotify mark, we expect most fcntl calls to add a new mark */
313 	new_dn_mark = kmem_cache_alloc(dnotify_mark_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
314 	if (!new_dn_mark) {
315 		error = -ENOMEM;
316 		goto out_err;
317 	}
318 
319 	/* set up the new_fsn_mark and new_dn_mark */
320 	new_fsn_mark = &new_dn_mark->fsn_mark;
321 	fsnotify_init_mark(new_fsn_mark, dnotify_group);
322 	new_fsn_mark->mask = mask;
323 	new_dn_mark->dn = NULL;
324 
325 	/* this is needed to prevent the fcntl/close race described below */
326 	fsnotify_group_lock(dnotify_group);
327 
328 	/* add the new_fsn_mark or find an old one. */
329 	fsn_mark = fsnotify_find_inode_mark(inode, dnotify_group);
330 	if (fsn_mark) {
331 		dn_mark = container_of(fsn_mark, struct dnotify_mark, fsn_mark);
332 		spin_lock(&fsn_mark->lock);
333 	} else {
334 		error = fsnotify_add_inode_mark_locked(new_fsn_mark, inode, 0);
335 		if (error) {
336 			fsnotify_group_unlock(dnotify_group);
337 			goto out_err;
338 		}
339 		spin_lock(&new_fsn_mark->lock);
340 		fsn_mark = new_fsn_mark;
341 		dn_mark = new_dn_mark;
342 		/* we used new_fsn_mark, so don't free it */
343 		new_fsn_mark = NULL;
344 	}
345 
346 	rcu_read_lock();
347 	f = lookup_fdget_rcu(fd);
348 	rcu_read_unlock();
349 
350 	/* if (f != filp) means that we lost a race and another task/thread
351 	 * actually closed the fd we are still playing with before we grabbed
352 	 * the dnotify_groups mark_mutex and fsn_mark->lock.  Since closing the
353 	 * fd is the only time we clean up the marks we need to get our mark
354 	 * off the list. */
355 	if (f != filp) {
356 		/* if we added ourselves, shoot ourselves, it's possible that
357 		 * the flush actually did shoot this fsn_mark.  That's fine too
358 		 * since multiple calls to destroy_mark is perfectly safe, if
359 		 * we found a dn_mark already attached to the inode, just sod
360 		 * off silently as the flush at close time dealt with it.
361 		 */
362 		if (dn_mark == new_dn_mark)
363 			destroy = 1;
364 		error = 0;
365 		goto out;
366 	}
367 
368 	__f_setown(filp, task_pid(current), PIDTYPE_TGID, 0);
369 
370 	error = attach_dn(dn, dn_mark, id, fd, filp, mask);
371 	/* !error means that we attached the dn to the dn_mark, so don't free it */
372 	if (!error)
373 		dn = NULL;
374 	/* -EEXIST means that we didn't add this new dn and used an old one.
375 	 * that isn't an error (and the unused dn should be freed) */
376 	else if (error == -EEXIST)
377 		error = 0;
378 
379 	dnotify_recalc_inode_mask(fsn_mark);
380 out:
381 	spin_unlock(&fsn_mark->lock);
382 
383 	if (destroy)
384 		fsnotify_detach_mark(fsn_mark);
385 	fsnotify_group_unlock(dnotify_group);
386 	if (destroy)
387 		fsnotify_free_mark(fsn_mark);
388 	fsnotify_put_mark(fsn_mark);
389 out_err:
390 	if (new_fsn_mark)
391 		fsnotify_put_mark(new_fsn_mark);
392 	if (dn)
393 		kmem_cache_free(dnotify_struct_cache, dn);
394 	if (f)
395 		fput(f);
396 	return error;
397 }
398 
399 static int __init dnotify_init(void)
400 {
401 	dnotify_struct_cache = KMEM_CACHE(dnotify_struct,
402 					  SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT);
403 	dnotify_mark_cache = KMEM_CACHE(dnotify_mark, SLAB_PANIC|SLAB_ACCOUNT);
404 
405 	dnotify_group = fsnotify_alloc_group(&dnotify_fsnotify_ops,
406 					     FSNOTIFY_GROUP_NOFS);
407 	if (IS_ERR(dnotify_group))
408 		panic("unable to allocate fsnotify group for dnotify\n");
409 	dnotify_sysctl_init();
410 	return 0;
411 }
412 
413 module_init(dnotify_init)
414