xref: /linux/fs/nfs/nfsroot.c (revision f85f5ae45ad945270a8884261de8249431e8b5a6)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  *  Copyright (C) 1995, 1996  Gero Kuhlmann <gero@gkminix.han.de>
4  *
5  *  Allow an NFS filesystem to be mounted as root. The way this works is:
6  *     (1) Use the IP autoconfig mechanism to set local IP addresses and routes.
7  *     (2) Construct the device string and the options string using DHCP
8  *         option 17 and/or kernel command line options.
9  *     (3) When mount_root() sets up the root file system, pass these strings
10  *         to the NFS client's regular mount interface via sys_mount().
11  *
12  *
13  *	Changes:
14  *
15  *	Alan Cox	:	Removed get_address name clash with FPU.
16  *	Alan Cox	:	Reformatted a bit.
17  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Code cleanup
18  *	Michael Rausch  :	Fixed recognition of an incoming RARP answer.
19  *	Martin Mares	: (2.0)	Auto-configuration via BOOTP supported.
20  *	Martin Mares	:	Manual selection of interface & BOOTP/RARP.
21  *	Martin Mares	:	Using network routes instead of host routes,
22  *				allowing the default configuration to be used
23  *				for normal operation of the host.
24  *	Martin Mares	:	Randomized timer with exponential backoff
25  *				installed to minimize network congestion.
26  *	Martin Mares	:	Code cleanup.
27  *	Martin Mares	: (2.1)	BOOTP and RARP made configuration options.
28  *	Martin Mares	:	Server hostname generation fixed.
29  *	Gerd Knorr	:	Fixed wired inode handling
30  *	Martin Mares	: (2.2)	"0.0.0.0" addresses from command line ignored.
31  *	Martin Mares	:	RARP replies not tested for server address.
32  *	Gero Kuhlmann	: (2.3) Some bug fixes and code cleanup again (please
33  *				send me your new patches _before_ bothering
34  *				Linus so that I don' always have to cleanup
35  *				_afterwards_ - thanks)
36  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Last changes of Martin Mares undone.
37  *	Gero Kuhlmann	: 	RARP replies are tested for specified server
38  *				again. However, it's now possible to have
39  *				different RARP and NFS servers.
40  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	"0.0.0.0" addresses from command line are
41  *				now mapped to INADDR_NONE.
42  *	Gero Kuhlmann	:	Fixed a bug which prevented BOOTP path name
43  *				from being used (thanks to Leo Spiekman)
44  *	Andy Walker	:	Allow to specify the NFS server in nfs_root
45  *				without giving a path name
46  *	Swen Thümmler	:	Allow to specify the NFS options in nfs_root
47  *				without giving a path name. Fix BOOTP request
48  *				for domainname (domainname is NIS domain, not
49  *				DNS domain!). Skip dummy devices for BOOTP.
50  *	Jacek Zapala	:	Fixed a bug which prevented server-ip address
51  *				from nfsroot parameter from being used.
52  *	Olaf Kirch	:	Adapted to new NFS code.
53  *	Jakub Jelinek	:	Free used code segment.
54  *	Marko Kohtala	:	Fixed some bugs.
55  *	Martin Mares	:	Debug message cleanup
56  *	Martin Mares	:	Changed to use the new generic IP layer autoconfig
57  *				code. BOOTP and RARP moved there.
58  *	Martin Mares	:	Default path now contains host name instead of
59  *				host IP address (but host name defaults to IP
60  *				address anyway).
61  *	Martin Mares	:	Use root_server_addr appropriately during setup.
62  *	Martin Mares	:	Rewrote parameter parsing, now hopefully giving
63  *				correct overriding.
64  *	Trond Myklebust :	Add in preliminary support for NFSv3 and TCP.
65  *				Fix bug in root_nfs_addr(). nfs_data.namlen
66  *				is NOT for the length of the hostname.
67  *	Hua Qin		:	Support for mounting root file system via
68  *				NFS over TCP.
69  *	Fabian Frederick:	Option parser rebuilt (using parser lib)
70  *	Chuck Lever	:	Use super.c's text-based mount option parsing
71  *	Chuck Lever	:	Add "nfsrootdebug".
72  */
73 
74 #include <linux/types.h>
75 #include <linux/string.h>
76 #include <linux/init.h>
77 #include <linux/nfs.h>
78 #include <linux/nfs_fs.h>
79 #include <linux/utsname.h>
80 #include <linux/root_dev.h>
81 #include <net/ipconfig.h>
82 
83 #include "internal.h"
84 
85 #define NFSDBG_FACILITY NFSDBG_ROOT
86 
87 /* Default path we try to mount. "%s" gets replaced by our IP address */
88 #define NFS_ROOT		"/tftpboot/%s"
89 
90 /* Default NFSROOT mount options. */
91 #if defined(CONFIG_NFS_V2)
92 #define NFS_DEF_OPTIONS		"vers=2,tcp,rsize=4096,wsize=4096"
93 #elif defined(CONFIG_NFS_V3)
94 #define NFS_DEF_OPTIONS		"vers=3,tcp,rsize=4096,wsize=4096"
95 #else
96 #define NFS_DEF_OPTIONS		"vers=4,tcp,rsize=4096,wsize=4096"
97 #endif
98 
99 /* Parameters passed from the kernel command line */
100 static char nfs_root_parms[NFS_MAXPATHLEN + 1] __initdata = "";
101 
102 /* Text-based mount options passed to super.c */
103 static char nfs_root_options[256] __initdata = NFS_DEF_OPTIONS;
104 
105 /* Address of NFS server */
106 static __be32 servaddr __initdata = htonl(INADDR_NONE);
107 
108 /* Name of directory to mount */
109 static char nfs_export_path[NFS_MAXPATHLEN + 1] __initdata = "";
110 
111 /* server:export path string passed to super.c */
112 static char nfs_root_device[NFS_MAXPATHLEN + 1] __initdata = "";
113 
114 #ifdef NFS_DEBUG
115 /*
116  * When the "nfsrootdebug" kernel command line option is specified,
117  * enable debugging messages for NFSROOT.
118  */
119 static int __init nfs_root_debug(char *__unused)
120 {
121 	nfs_debug |= NFSDBG_ROOT | NFSDBG_MOUNT;
122 	return 1;
123 }
124 
125 __setup("nfsrootdebug", nfs_root_debug);
126 #endif
127 
128 /*
129  *  Parse NFS server and directory information passed on the kernel
130  *  command line.
131  *
132  *  nfsroot=[<server-ip>:]<root-dir>[,<nfs-options>]
133  *
134  *  If there is a "%s" token in the <root-dir> string, it is replaced
135  *  by the ASCII-representation of the client's IP address.
136  */
137 static int __init nfs_root_setup(char *line)
138 {
139 	ROOT_DEV = Root_NFS;
140 
141 	if (line[0] == '/' || line[0] == ',' || (line[0] >= '0' && line[0] <= '9')) {
142 		strscpy(nfs_root_parms, line, sizeof(nfs_root_parms));
143 	} else {
144 		size_t n = strlen(line) + sizeof(NFS_ROOT) - 1;
145 		if (n >= sizeof(nfs_root_parms))
146 			line[sizeof(nfs_root_parms) - sizeof(NFS_ROOT) - 2] = '\0';
147 		sprintf(nfs_root_parms, NFS_ROOT, line);
148 	}
149 
150 	/*
151 	 * Extract the IP address of the NFS server containing our
152 	 * root file system, if one was specified.
153 	 *
154 	 * Note: root_nfs_parse_addr() removes the server-ip from
155 	 *	 nfs_root_parms, if it exists.
156 	 */
157 	root_server_addr = root_nfs_parse_addr(nfs_root_parms);
158 
159 	return 1;
160 }
161 
162 __setup("nfsroot=", nfs_root_setup);
163 
164 static int __init root_nfs_copy(char *dest, const char *src,
165 				     const size_t destlen)
166 {
167 	if (strscpy(dest, src, destlen) == -E2BIG)
168 		return -1;
169 	return 0;
170 }
171 
172 static int __init root_nfs_cat(char *dest, const char *src,
173 			       const size_t destlen)
174 {
175 	size_t len = strlen(dest);
176 
177 	if (len && dest[len - 1] != ',')
178 		if (strlcat(dest, ",", destlen) > destlen)
179 			return -1;
180 
181 	if (strlcat(dest, src, destlen) > destlen)
182 		return -1;
183 	return 0;
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * Parse out root export path and mount options from
188  * passed-in string @incoming.
189  *
190  * Copy the export path into @exppath.
191  */
192 static int __init root_nfs_parse_options(char *incoming, char *exppath,
193 					 const size_t exppathlen)
194 {
195 	char *p;
196 
197 	/*
198 	 * Set the NFS remote path
199 	 */
200 	p = strsep(&incoming, ",");
201 	if (*p != '\0' && strcmp(p, "default") != 0)
202 		if (root_nfs_copy(exppath, p, exppathlen))
203 			return -1;
204 
205 	/*
206 	 * @incoming now points to the rest of the string; if it
207 	 * contains something, append it to our root options buffer
208 	 */
209 	if (incoming != NULL && *incoming != '\0')
210 		if (root_nfs_cat(nfs_root_options, incoming,
211 						sizeof(nfs_root_options)))
212 			return -1;
213 	return 0;
214 }
215 
216 /*
217  *  Decode the export directory path name and NFS options from
218  *  the kernel command line.  This has to be done late in order to
219  *  use a dynamically acquired client IP address for the remote
220  *  root directory path.
221  *
222  *  Returns zero if successful; otherwise -1 is returned.
223  */
224 static int __init root_nfs_data(char *cmdline)
225 {
226 	char mand_options[sizeof("nolock,addr=") + INET_ADDRSTRLEN + 1];
227 	int len, retval = -1;
228 	char *tmp = NULL;
229 	const size_t tmplen = sizeof(nfs_export_path);
230 
231 	tmp = kzalloc(tmplen, GFP_KERNEL);
232 	if (tmp == NULL)
233 		goto out_nomem;
234 	strcpy(tmp, NFS_ROOT);
235 
236 	if (root_server_path[0] != '\0') {
237 		dprintk("Root-NFS: DHCPv4 option 17: %s\n",
238 			root_server_path);
239 		if (root_nfs_parse_options(root_server_path, tmp, tmplen))
240 			goto out_optionstoolong;
241 	}
242 
243 	if (cmdline[0] != '\0') {
244 		dprintk("Root-NFS: nfsroot=%s\n", cmdline);
245 		if (root_nfs_parse_options(cmdline, tmp, tmplen))
246 			goto out_optionstoolong;
247 	}
248 
249 	/*
250 	 * Append mandatory options for nfsroot so they override
251 	 * what has come before
252 	 */
253 	snprintf(mand_options, sizeof(mand_options), "nolock,addr=%pI4",
254 			&servaddr);
255 	if (root_nfs_cat(nfs_root_options, mand_options,
256 						sizeof(nfs_root_options)))
257 		goto out_optionstoolong;
258 
259 	/*
260 	 * Set up nfs_root_device.  For NFS mounts, this looks like
261 	 *
262 	 *	server:/path
263 	 *
264 	 * At this point, utsname()->nodename contains our local
265 	 * IP address or hostname, set by ipconfig.  If "%s" exists
266 	 * in tmp, substitute the nodename, then shovel the whole
267 	 * mess into nfs_root_device.
268 	 */
269 	len = snprintf(nfs_export_path, sizeof(nfs_export_path),
270 				tmp, utsname()->nodename);
271 	if (len >= (int)sizeof(nfs_export_path))
272 		goto out_devnametoolong;
273 	len = snprintf(nfs_root_device, sizeof(nfs_root_device),
274 				"%pI4:%s", &servaddr, nfs_export_path);
275 	if (len >= (int)sizeof(nfs_root_device))
276 		goto out_devnametoolong;
277 
278 	retval = 0;
279 
280 out:
281 	kfree(tmp);
282 	return retval;
283 out_nomem:
284 	printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: could not allocate memory\n");
285 	goto out;
286 out_optionstoolong:
287 	printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: mount options string too long\n");
288 	goto out;
289 out_devnametoolong:
290 	printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: root device name too long.\n");
291 	goto out;
292 }
293 
294 /**
295  * nfs_root_data - Return prepared 'data' for NFSROOT mount
296  * @root_device: OUT: address of string containing NFSROOT device
297  * @root_data: OUT: address of string containing NFSROOT mount options
298  *
299  * Returns zero and sets @root_device and @root_data if successful,
300  * otherwise -1 is returned.
301  */
302 int __init nfs_root_data(char **root_device, char **root_data)
303 {
304 	servaddr = root_server_addr;
305 	if (servaddr == htonl(INADDR_NONE)) {
306 		printk(KERN_ERR "Root-NFS: no NFS server address\n");
307 		return -1;
308 	}
309 
310 	if (root_nfs_data(nfs_root_parms) < 0)
311 		return -1;
312 
313 	*root_device = nfs_root_device;
314 	*root_data = nfs_root_options;
315 	return 0;
316 }
317