xref: /linux/fs/jbd2/recovery.c (revision 8e07e0e3964ca4e23ce7b68e2096fe660a888942)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2 /*
3  * linux/fs/jbd2/recovery.c
4  *
5  * Written by Stephen C. Tweedie <sct@redhat.com>, 1999
6  *
7  * Copyright 1999-2000 Red Hat Software --- All Rights Reserved
8  *
9  * Journal recovery routines for the generic filesystem journaling code;
10  * part of the ext2fs journaling system.
11  */
12 
13 #ifndef __KERNEL__
14 #include "jfs_user.h"
15 #else
16 #include <linux/time.h>
17 #include <linux/fs.h>
18 #include <linux/jbd2.h>
19 #include <linux/errno.h>
20 #include <linux/crc32.h>
21 #include <linux/blkdev.h>
22 #endif
23 
24 /*
25  * Maintain information about the progress of the recovery job, so that
26  * the different passes can carry information between them.
27  */
28 struct recovery_info
29 {
30 	tid_t		start_transaction;
31 	tid_t		end_transaction;
32 	unsigned long	head_block;
33 
34 	int		nr_replays;
35 	int		nr_revokes;
36 	int		nr_revoke_hits;
37 };
38 
39 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
40 				struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass);
41 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *, struct buffer_head *,
42 				tid_t, struct recovery_info *);
43 
44 #ifdef __KERNEL__
45 
46 /* Release readahead buffers after use */
47 static void journal_brelse_array(struct buffer_head *b[], int n)
48 {
49 	while (--n >= 0)
50 		brelse (b[n]);
51 }
52 
53 
54 /*
55  * When reading from the journal, we are going through the block device
56  * layer directly and so there is no readahead being done for us.  We
57  * need to implement any readahead ourselves if we want it to happen at
58  * all.  Recovery is basically one long sequential read, so make sure we
59  * do the IO in reasonably large chunks.
60  *
61  * This is not so critical that we need to be enormously clever about
62  * the readahead size, though.  128K is a purely arbitrary, good-enough
63  * fixed value.
64  */
65 
66 #define MAXBUF 8
67 static int do_readahead(journal_t *journal, unsigned int start)
68 {
69 	int err;
70 	unsigned int max, nbufs, next;
71 	unsigned long long blocknr;
72 	struct buffer_head *bh;
73 
74 	struct buffer_head * bufs[MAXBUF];
75 
76 	/* Do up to 128K of readahead */
77 	max = start + (128 * 1024 / journal->j_blocksize);
78 	if (max > journal->j_total_len)
79 		max = journal->j_total_len;
80 
81 	/* Do the readahead itself.  We'll submit MAXBUF buffer_heads at
82 	 * a time to the block device IO layer. */
83 
84 	nbufs = 0;
85 
86 	for (next = start; next < max; next++) {
87 		err = jbd2_journal_bmap(journal, next, &blocknr);
88 
89 		if (err) {
90 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: bad block at offset %u\n",
91 				next);
92 			goto failed;
93 		}
94 
95 		bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
96 		if (!bh) {
97 			err = -ENOMEM;
98 			goto failed;
99 		}
100 
101 		if (!buffer_uptodate(bh) && !buffer_locked(bh)) {
102 			bufs[nbufs++] = bh;
103 			if (nbufs == MAXBUF) {
104 				bh_readahead_batch(nbufs, bufs, 0);
105 				journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
106 				nbufs = 0;
107 			}
108 		} else
109 			brelse(bh);
110 	}
111 
112 	if (nbufs)
113 		bh_readahead_batch(nbufs, bufs, 0);
114 	err = 0;
115 
116 failed:
117 	if (nbufs)
118 		journal_brelse_array(bufs, nbufs);
119 	return err;
120 }
121 
122 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
123 
124 
125 /*
126  * Read a block from the journal
127  */
128 
129 static int jread(struct buffer_head **bhp, journal_t *journal,
130 		 unsigned int offset)
131 {
132 	int err;
133 	unsigned long long blocknr;
134 	struct buffer_head *bh;
135 
136 	*bhp = NULL;
137 
138 	if (offset >= journal->j_total_len) {
139 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: corrupted journal superblock\n");
140 		return -EFSCORRUPTED;
141 	}
142 
143 	err = jbd2_journal_bmap(journal, offset, &blocknr);
144 
145 	if (err) {
146 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: bad block at offset %u\n",
147 			offset);
148 		return err;
149 	}
150 
151 	bh = __getblk(journal->j_dev, blocknr, journal->j_blocksize);
152 	if (!bh)
153 		return -ENOMEM;
154 
155 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
156 		/*
157 		 * If this is a brand new buffer, start readahead.
158 		 * Otherwise, we assume we are already reading it.
159 		 */
160 		bool need_readahead = !buffer_req(bh);
161 
162 		bh_read_nowait(bh, 0);
163 		if (need_readahead)
164 			do_readahead(journal, offset);
165 		wait_on_buffer(bh);
166 	}
167 
168 	if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
169 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: Failed to read block at offset %u\n",
170 			offset);
171 		brelse(bh);
172 		return -EIO;
173 	}
174 
175 	*bhp = bh;
176 	return 0;
177 }
178 
179 static int jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal_t *j, void *buf)
180 {
181 	struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *tail;
182 	__be32 provided;
183 	__u32 calculated;
184 
185 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
186 		return 1;
187 
188 	tail = (struct jbd2_journal_block_tail *)((char *)buf +
189 		j->j_blocksize - sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail));
190 	provided = tail->t_checksum;
191 	tail->t_checksum = 0;
192 	calculated = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, buf, j->j_blocksize);
193 	tail->t_checksum = provided;
194 
195 	return provided == cpu_to_be32(calculated);
196 }
197 
198 /*
199  * Count the number of in-use tags in a journal descriptor block.
200  */
201 
202 static int count_tags(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh)
203 {
204 	char *			tagp;
205 	journal_block_tag_t	tag;
206 	int			nr = 0, size = journal->j_blocksize;
207 	int			tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
208 
209 	if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
210 		size -= sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
211 
212 	tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
213 
214 	while ((tagp - bh->b_data + tag_bytes) <= size) {
215 		memcpy(&tag, tagp, sizeof(tag));
216 
217 		nr++;
218 		tagp += tag_bytes;
219 		if (!(tag.t_flags & cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID)))
220 			tagp += 16;
221 
222 		if (tag.t_flags & cpu_to_be16(JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG))
223 			break;
224 	}
225 
226 	return nr;
227 }
228 
229 
230 /* Make sure we wrap around the log correctly! */
231 #define wrap(journal, var)						\
232 do {									\
233 	if (var >= (journal)->j_last)					\
234 		var -= ((journal)->j_last - (journal)->j_first);	\
235 } while (0)
236 
237 static int fc_do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
238 			  struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass)
239 {
240 	unsigned int expected_commit_id = info->end_transaction;
241 	unsigned long next_fc_block;
242 	struct buffer_head *bh;
243 	int err = 0;
244 
245 	next_fc_block = journal->j_fc_first;
246 	if (!journal->j_fc_replay_callback)
247 		return 0;
248 
249 	while (next_fc_block <= journal->j_fc_last) {
250 		jbd2_debug(3, "Fast commit replay: next block %ld\n",
251 			  next_fc_block);
252 		err = jread(&bh, journal, next_fc_block);
253 		if (err) {
254 			jbd2_debug(3, "Fast commit replay: read error\n");
255 			break;
256 		}
257 
258 		err = journal->j_fc_replay_callback(journal, bh, pass,
259 					next_fc_block - journal->j_fc_first,
260 					expected_commit_id);
261 		brelse(bh);
262 		next_fc_block++;
263 		if (err < 0 || err == JBD2_FC_REPLAY_STOP)
264 			break;
265 		err = 0;
266 	}
267 
268 	if (err)
269 		jbd2_debug(3, "Fast commit replay failed, err = %d\n", err);
270 
271 	return err;
272 }
273 
274 /**
275  * jbd2_journal_recover - recovers a on-disk journal
276  * @journal: the journal to recover
277  *
278  * The primary function for recovering the log contents when mounting a
279  * journaled device.
280  *
281  * Recovery is done in three passes.  In the first pass, we look for the
282  * end of the log.  In the second, we assemble the list of revoke
283  * blocks.  In the third and final pass, we replay any un-revoked blocks
284  * in the log.
285  */
286 int jbd2_journal_recover(journal_t *journal)
287 {
288 	int			err, err2;
289 	journal_superblock_t *	sb;
290 
291 	struct recovery_info	info;
292 	errseq_t		wb_err;
293 	struct address_space	*mapping;
294 
295 	memset(&info, 0, sizeof(info));
296 	sb = journal->j_superblock;
297 
298 	/*
299 	 * The journal superblock's s_start field (the current log head)
300 	 * is always zero if, and only if, the journal was cleanly
301 	 * unmounted.
302 	 */
303 	if (!sb->s_start) {
304 		jbd2_debug(1, "No recovery required, last transaction %d, head block %u\n",
305 			  be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence), be32_to_cpu(sb->s_head));
306 		journal->j_transaction_sequence = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence) + 1;
307 		journal->j_head = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_head);
308 		return 0;
309 	}
310 
311 	wb_err = 0;
312 	mapping = journal->j_fs_dev->bd_inode->i_mapping;
313 	errseq_check_and_advance(&mapping->wb_err, &wb_err);
314 	err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
315 	if (!err)
316 		err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REVOKE);
317 	if (!err)
318 		err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_REPLAY);
319 
320 	jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: recovery, exit status %d, "
321 		  "recovered transactions %u to %u\n",
322 		  err, info.start_transaction, info.end_transaction);
323 	jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: Replayed %d and revoked %d/%d blocks\n",
324 		  info.nr_replays, info.nr_revoke_hits, info.nr_revokes);
325 
326 	/* Restart the log at the next transaction ID, thus invalidating
327 	 * any existing commit records in the log. */
328 	journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
329 	journal->j_head = info.head_block;
330 	jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: last transaction %d, head block %lu\n",
331 		  journal->j_transaction_sequence, journal->j_head);
332 
333 	jbd2_journal_clear_revoke(journal);
334 	err2 = sync_blockdev(journal->j_fs_dev);
335 	if (!err)
336 		err = err2;
337 	err2 = errseq_check_and_advance(&mapping->wb_err, &wb_err);
338 	if (!err)
339 		err = err2;
340 	/* Make sure all replayed data is on permanent storage */
341 	if (journal->j_flags & JBD2_BARRIER) {
342 		err2 = blkdev_issue_flush(journal->j_fs_dev);
343 		if (!err)
344 			err = err2;
345 	}
346 	return err;
347 }
348 
349 /**
350  * jbd2_journal_skip_recovery - Start journal and wipe exiting records
351  * @journal: journal to startup
352  *
353  * Locate any valid recovery information from the journal and set up the
354  * journal structures in memory to ignore it (presumably because the
355  * caller has evidence that it is out of date).
356  * This function doesn't appear to be exported..
357  *
358  * We perform one pass over the journal to allow us to tell the user how
359  * much recovery information is being erased, and to let us initialise
360  * the journal transaction sequence numbers to the next unused ID.
361  */
362 int jbd2_journal_skip_recovery(journal_t *journal)
363 {
364 	int			err;
365 
366 	struct recovery_info	info;
367 
368 	memset (&info, 0, sizeof(info));
369 
370 	err = do_one_pass(journal, &info, PASS_SCAN);
371 
372 	if (err) {
373 		printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: error %d scanning journal\n", err);
374 		++journal->j_transaction_sequence;
375 		journal->j_head = journal->j_first;
376 	} else {
377 #ifdef CONFIG_JBD2_DEBUG
378 		int dropped = info.end_transaction -
379 			be32_to_cpu(journal->j_superblock->s_sequence);
380 		jbd2_debug(1,
381 			  "JBD2: ignoring %d transaction%s from the journal.\n",
382 			  dropped, (dropped == 1) ? "" : "s");
383 #endif
384 		journal->j_transaction_sequence = ++info.end_transaction;
385 		journal->j_head = info.head_block;
386 	}
387 
388 	journal->j_tail = 0;
389 	return err;
390 }
391 
392 static inline unsigned long long read_tag_block(journal_t *journal,
393 						journal_block_tag_t *tag)
394 {
395 	unsigned long long block = be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr);
396 	if (jbd2_has_feature_64bit(journal))
397 		block |= (u64)be32_to_cpu(tag->t_blocknr_high) << 32;
398 	return block;
399 }
400 
401 /*
402  * calc_chksums calculates the checksums for the blocks described in the
403  * descriptor block.
404  */
405 static int calc_chksums(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh,
406 			unsigned long *next_log_block, __u32 *crc32_sum)
407 {
408 	int i, num_blks, err;
409 	unsigned long io_block;
410 	struct buffer_head *obh;
411 
412 	num_blks = count_tags(journal, bh);
413 	/* Calculate checksum of the descriptor block. */
414 	*crc32_sum = crc32_be(*crc32_sum, (void *)bh->b_data, bh->b_size);
415 
416 	for (i = 0; i < num_blks; i++) {
417 		io_block = (*next_log_block)++;
418 		wrap(journal, *next_log_block);
419 		err = jread(&obh, journal, io_block);
420 		if (err) {
421 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: IO error %d recovering block "
422 				"%lu in log\n", err, io_block);
423 			return 1;
424 		} else {
425 			*crc32_sum = crc32_be(*crc32_sum, (void *)obh->b_data,
426 				     obh->b_size);
427 		}
428 		put_bh(obh);
429 	}
430 	return 0;
431 }
432 
433 static int jbd2_commit_block_csum_verify(journal_t *j, void *buf)
434 {
435 	struct commit_header *h;
436 	__be32 provided;
437 	__u32 calculated;
438 
439 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
440 		return 1;
441 
442 	h = buf;
443 	provided = h->h_chksum[0];
444 	h->h_chksum[0] = 0;
445 	calculated = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, buf, j->j_blocksize);
446 	h->h_chksum[0] = provided;
447 
448 	return provided == cpu_to_be32(calculated);
449 }
450 
451 static int jbd2_block_tag_csum_verify(journal_t *j, journal_block_tag_t *tag,
452 				      journal_block_tag3_t *tag3,
453 				      void *buf, __u32 sequence)
454 {
455 	__u32 csum32;
456 	__be32 seq;
457 
458 	if (!jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(j))
459 		return 1;
460 
461 	seq = cpu_to_be32(sequence);
462 	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, j->j_csum_seed, (__u8 *)&seq, sizeof(seq));
463 	csum32 = jbd2_chksum(j, csum32, buf, j->j_blocksize);
464 
465 	if (jbd2_has_feature_csum3(j))
466 		return tag3->t_checksum == cpu_to_be32(csum32);
467 	else
468 		return tag->t_checksum == cpu_to_be16(csum32);
469 }
470 
471 static int do_one_pass(journal_t *journal,
472 			struct recovery_info *info, enum passtype pass)
473 {
474 	unsigned int		first_commit_ID, next_commit_ID;
475 	unsigned long		next_log_block, head_block;
476 	int			err, success = 0;
477 	journal_superblock_t *	sb;
478 	journal_header_t *	tmp;
479 	struct buffer_head *	bh;
480 	unsigned int		sequence;
481 	int			blocktype;
482 	int			tag_bytes = journal_tag_bytes(journal);
483 	__u32			crc32_sum = ~0; /* Transactional Checksums */
484 	int			descr_csum_size = 0;
485 	int			block_error = 0;
486 	bool			need_check_commit_time = false;
487 	__u64			last_trans_commit_time = 0, commit_time;
488 
489 	/*
490 	 * First thing is to establish what we expect to find in the log
491 	 * (in terms of transaction IDs), and where (in terms of log
492 	 * block offsets): query the superblock.
493 	 */
494 
495 	sb = journal->j_superblock;
496 	next_commit_ID = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_sequence);
497 	next_log_block = be32_to_cpu(sb->s_start);
498 	head_block = next_log_block;
499 
500 	first_commit_ID = next_commit_ID;
501 	if (pass == PASS_SCAN)
502 		info->start_transaction = first_commit_ID;
503 
504 	jbd2_debug(1, "Starting recovery pass %d\n", pass);
505 
506 	/*
507 	 * Now we walk through the log, transaction by transaction,
508 	 * making sure that each transaction has a commit block in the
509 	 * expected place.  Each complete transaction gets replayed back
510 	 * into the main filesystem.
511 	 */
512 
513 	while (1) {
514 		int			flags;
515 		char *			tagp;
516 		journal_block_tag_t	tag;
517 		struct buffer_head *	obh;
518 		struct buffer_head *	nbh;
519 
520 		cond_resched();
521 
522 		/* If we already know where to stop the log traversal,
523 		 * check right now that we haven't gone past the end of
524 		 * the log. */
525 
526 		if (pass != PASS_SCAN)
527 			if (tid_geq(next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction))
528 				break;
529 
530 		jbd2_debug(2, "Scanning for sequence ID %u at %lu/%lu\n",
531 			  next_commit_ID, next_log_block, journal->j_last);
532 
533 		/* Skip over each chunk of the transaction looking
534 		 * either the next descriptor block or the final commit
535 		 * record. */
536 
537 		jbd2_debug(3, "JBD2: checking block %ld\n", next_log_block);
538 		err = jread(&bh, journal, next_log_block);
539 		if (err)
540 			goto failed;
541 
542 		next_log_block++;
543 		wrap(journal, next_log_block);
544 
545 		/* What kind of buffer is it?
546 		 *
547 		 * If it is a descriptor block, check that it has the
548 		 * expected sequence number.  Otherwise, we're all done
549 		 * here. */
550 
551 		tmp = (journal_header_t *)bh->b_data;
552 
553 		if (tmp->h_magic != cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER)) {
554 			brelse(bh);
555 			break;
556 		}
557 
558 		blocktype = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_blocktype);
559 		sequence = be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_sequence);
560 		jbd2_debug(3, "Found magic %d, sequence %d\n",
561 			  blocktype, sequence);
562 
563 		if (sequence != next_commit_ID) {
564 			brelse(bh);
565 			break;
566 		}
567 
568 		/* OK, we have a valid descriptor block which matches
569 		 * all of the sequence number checks.  What are we going
570 		 * to do with it?  That depends on the pass... */
571 
572 		switch(blocktype) {
573 		case JBD2_DESCRIPTOR_BLOCK:
574 			/* Verify checksum first */
575 			if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
576 				descr_csum_size =
577 					sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
578 			if (descr_csum_size > 0 &&
579 			    !jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal,
580 							       bh->b_data)) {
581 				/*
582 				 * PASS_SCAN can see stale blocks due to lazy
583 				 * journal init. Don't error out on those yet.
584 				 */
585 				if (pass != PASS_SCAN) {
586 					pr_err("JBD2: Invalid checksum recovering block %lu in log\n",
587 					       next_log_block);
588 					err = -EFSBADCRC;
589 					brelse(bh);
590 					goto failed;
591 				}
592 				need_check_commit_time = true;
593 				jbd2_debug(1,
594 					"invalid descriptor block found in %lu\n",
595 					next_log_block);
596 			}
597 
598 			/* If it is a valid descriptor block, replay it
599 			 * in pass REPLAY; if journal_checksums enabled, then
600 			 * calculate checksums in PASS_SCAN, otherwise,
601 			 * just skip over the blocks it describes. */
602 			if (pass != PASS_REPLAY) {
603 				if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
604 				    jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal) &&
605 				    !need_check_commit_time &&
606 				    !info->end_transaction) {
607 					if (calc_chksums(journal, bh,
608 							&next_log_block,
609 							&crc32_sum)) {
610 						put_bh(bh);
611 						break;
612 					}
613 					put_bh(bh);
614 					continue;
615 				}
616 				next_log_block += count_tags(journal, bh);
617 				wrap(journal, next_log_block);
618 				put_bh(bh);
619 				continue;
620 			}
621 
622 			/* A descriptor block: we can now write all of
623 			 * the data blocks.  Yay, useful work is finally
624 			 * getting done here! */
625 
626 			tagp = &bh->b_data[sizeof(journal_header_t)];
627 			while ((tagp - bh->b_data + tag_bytes)
628 			       <= journal->j_blocksize - descr_csum_size) {
629 				unsigned long io_block;
630 
631 				memcpy(&tag, tagp, sizeof(tag));
632 				flags = be16_to_cpu(tag.t_flags);
633 
634 				io_block = next_log_block++;
635 				wrap(journal, next_log_block);
636 				err = jread(&obh, journal, io_block);
637 				if (err) {
638 					/* Recover what we can, but
639 					 * report failure at the end. */
640 					success = err;
641 					printk(KERN_ERR
642 						"JBD2: IO error %d recovering "
643 						"block %lu in log\n",
644 						err, io_block);
645 				} else {
646 					unsigned long long blocknr;
647 
648 					J_ASSERT(obh != NULL);
649 					blocknr = read_tag_block(journal,
650 								 &tag);
651 
652 					/* If the block has been
653 					 * revoked, then we're all done
654 					 * here. */
655 					if (jbd2_journal_test_revoke
656 					    (journal, blocknr,
657 					     next_commit_ID)) {
658 						brelse(obh);
659 						++info->nr_revoke_hits;
660 						goto skip_write;
661 					}
662 
663 					/* Look for block corruption */
664 					if (!jbd2_block_tag_csum_verify(
665 			journal, &tag, (journal_block_tag3_t *)tagp,
666 			obh->b_data, be32_to_cpu(tmp->h_sequence))) {
667 						brelse(obh);
668 						success = -EFSBADCRC;
669 						printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: Invalid "
670 						       "checksum recovering "
671 						       "data block %llu in "
672 						       "journal block %lu\n",
673 						       blocknr, io_block);
674 						block_error = 1;
675 						goto skip_write;
676 					}
677 
678 					/* Find a buffer for the new
679 					 * data being restored */
680 					nbh = __getblk(journal->j_fs_dev,
681 							blocknr,
682 							journal->j_blocksize);
683 					if (nbh == NULL) {
684 						printk(KERN_ERR
685 						       "JBD2: Out of memory "
686 						       "during recovery.\n");
687 						err = -ENOMEM;
688 						brelse(bh);
689 						brelse(obh);
690 						goto failed;
691 					}
692 
693 					lock_buffer(nbh);
694 					memcpy(nbh->b_data, obh->b_data,
695 							journal->j_blocksize);
696 					if (flags & JBD2_FLAG_ESCAPE) {
697 						*((__be32 *)nbh->b_data) =
698 						cpu_to_be32(JBD2_MAGIC_NUMBER);
699 					}
700 
701 					BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking dirty");
702 					set_buffer_uptodate(nbh);
703 					mark_buffer_dirty(nbh);
704 					BUFFER_TRACE(nbh, "marking uptodate");
705 					++info->nr_replays;
706 					unlock_buffer(nbh);
707 					brelse(obh);
708 					brelse(nbh);
709 				}
710 
711 			skip_write:
712 				tagp += tag_bytes;
713 				if (!(flags & JBD2_FLAG_SAME_UUID))
714 					tagp += 16;
715 
716 				if (flags & JBD2_FLAG_LAST_TAG)
717 					break;
718 			}
719 
720 			brelse(bh);
721 			continue;
722 
723 		case JBD2_COMMIT_BLOCK:
724 			/*     How to differentiate between interrupted commit
725 			 *               and journal corruption ?
726 			 *
727 			 * {nth transaction}
728 			 *        Checksum Verification Failed
729 			 *			 |
730 			 *		 ____________________
731 			 *		|		     |
732 			 * 	async_commit             sync_commit
733 			 *     		|                    |
734 			 *		| GO TO NEXT    "Journal Corruption"
735 			 *		| TRANSACTION
736 			 *		|
737 			 * {(n+1)th transanction}
738 			 *		|
739 			 * 	 _______|______________
740 			 * 	|	 	      |
741 			 * Commit block found	Commit block not found
742 			 *      |		      |
743 			 * "Journal Corruption"       |
744 			 *		 _____________|_________
745 			 *     		|	           	|
746 			 *	nth trans corrupt	OR   nth trans
747 			 *	and (n+1)th interrupted     interrupted
748 			 *	before commit block
749 			 *      could reach the disk.
750 			 *	(Cannot find the difference in above
751 			 *	 mentioned conditions. Hence assume
752 			 *	 "Interrupted Commit".)
753 			 */
754 			commit_time = be64_to_cpu(
755 				((struct commit_header *)bh->b_data)->h_commit_sec);
756 			/*
757 			 * If need_check_commit_time is set, it means we are in
758 			 * PASS_SCAN and csum verify failed before. If
759 			 * commit_time is increasing, it's the same journal,
760 			 * otherwise it is stale journal block, just end this
761 			 * recovery.
762 			 */
763 			if (need_check_commit_time) {
764 				if (commit_time >= last_trans_commit_time) {
765 					pr_err("JBD2: Invalid checksum found in transaction %u\n",
766 					       next_commit_ID);
767 					err = -EFSBADCRC;
768 					brelse(bh);
769 					goto failed;
770 				}
771 			ignore_crc_mismatch:
772 				/*
773 				 * It likely does not belong to same journal,
774 				 * just end this recovery with success.
775 				 */
776 				jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: Invalid checksum ignored in transaction %u, likely stale data\n",
777 					  next_commit_ID);
778 				brelse(bh);
779 				goto done;
780 			}
781 
782 			/*
783 			 * Found an expected commit block: if checksums
784 			 * are present, verify them in PASS_SCAN; else not
785 			 * much to do other than move on to the next sequence
786 			 * number.
787 			 */
788 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
789 			    jbd2_has_feature_checksum(journal)) {
790 				struct commit_header *cbh =
791 					(struct commit_header *)bh->b_data;
792 				unsigned found_chksum =
793 					be32_to_cpu(cbh->h_chksum[0]);
794 
795 				if (info->end_transaction) {
796 					journal->j_failed_commit =
797 						info->end_transaction;
798 					brelse(bh);
799 					break;
800 				}
801 
802 				/* Neither checksum match nor unused? */
803 				if (!((crc32_sum == found_chksum &&
804 				       cbh->h_chksum_type ==
805 						JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM &&
806 				       cbh->h_chksum_size ==
807 						JBD2_CRC32_CHKSUM_SIZE) ||
808 				      (cbh->h_chksum_type == 0 &&
809 				       cbh->h_chksum_size == 0 &&
810 				       found_chksum == 0)))
811 					goto chksum_error;
812 
813 				crc32_sum = ~0;
814 			}
815 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
816 			    !jbd2_commit_block_csum_verify(journal,
817 							   bh->b_data)) {
818 			chksum_error:
819 				if (commit_time < last_trans_commit_time)
820 					goto ignore_crc_mismatch;
821 				info->end_transaction = next_commit_ID;
822 				info->head_block = head_block;
823 
824 				if (!jbd2_has_feature_async_commit(journal)) {
825 					journal->j_failed_commit =
826 						next_commit_ID;
827 					brelse(bh);
828 					break;
829 				}
830 			}
831 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN) {
832 				last_trans_commit_time = commit_time;
833 				head_block = next_log_block;
834 			}
835 			brelse(bh);
836 			next_commit_ID++;
837 			continue;
838 
839 		case JBD2_REVOKE_BLOCK:
840 			/*
841 			 * Check revoke block crc in pass_scan, if csum verify
842 			 * failed, check commit block time later.
843 			 */
844 			if (pass == PASS_SCAN &&
845 			    !jbd2_descriptor_block_csum_verify(journal,
846 							       bh->b_data)) {
847 				jbd2_debug(1, "JBD2: invalid revoke block found in %lu\n",
848 					  next_log_block);
849 				need_check_commit_time = true;
850 			}
851 			/* If we aren't in the REVOKE pass, then we can
852 			 * just skip over this block. */
853 			if (pass != PASS_REVOKE) {
854 				brelse(bh);
855 				continue;
856 			}
857 
858 			err = scan_revoke_records(journal, bh,
859 						  next_commit_ID, info);
860 			brelse(bh);
861 			if (err)
862 				goto failed;
863 			continue;
864 
865 		default:
866 			jbd2_debug(3, "Unrecognised magic %d, end of scan.\n",
867 				  blocktype);
868 			brelse(bh);
869 			goto done;
870 		}
871 	}
872 
873  done:
874 	/*
875 	 * We broke out of the log scan loop: either we came to the
876 	 * known end of the log or we found an unexpected block in the
877 	 * log.  If the latter happened, then we know that the "current"
878 	 * transaction marks the end of the valid log.
879 	 */
880 
881 	if (pass == PASS_SCAN) {
882 		if (!info->end_transaction)
883 			info->end_transaction = next_commit_ID;
884 		if (!info->head_block)
885 			info->head_block = head_block;
886 	} else {
887 		/* It's really bad news if different passes end up at
888 		 * different places (but possible due to IO errors). */
889 		if (info->end_transaction != next_commit_ID) {
890 			printk(KERN_ERR "JBD2: recovery pass %d ended at "
891 				"transaction %u, expected %u\n",
892 				pass, next_commit_ID, info->end_transaction);
893 			if (!success)
894 				success = -EIO;
895 		}
896 	}
897 
898 	if (jbd2_has_feature_fast_commit(journal) &&  pass != PASS_REVOKE) {
899 		err = fc_do_one_pass(journal, info, pass);
900 		if (err)
901 			success = err;
902 	}
903 
904 	if (block_error && success == 0)
905 		success = -EIO;
906 	return success;
907 
908  failed:
909 	return err;
910 }
911 
912 /* Scan a revoke record, marking all blocks mentioned as revoked. */
913 
914 static int scan_revoke_records(journal_t *journal, struct buffer_head *bh,
915 			       tid_t sequence, struct recovery_info *info)
916 {
917 	jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *header;
918 	int offset, max;
919 	unsigned csum_size = 0;
920 	__u32 rcount;
921 	int record_len = 4;
922 
923 	header = (jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t *) bh->b_data;
924 	offset = sizeof(jbd2_journal_revoke_header_t);
925 	rcount = be32_to_cpu(header->r_count);
926 
927 	if (jbd2_journal_has_csum_v2or3(journal))
928 		csum_size = sizeof(struct jbd2_journal_block_tail);
929 	if (rcount > journal->j_blocksize - csum_size)
930 		return -EINVAL;
931 	max = rcount;
932 
933 	if (jbd2_has_feature_64bit(journal))
934 		record_len = 8;
935 
936 	while (offset + record_len <= max) {
937 		unsigned long long blocknr;
938 		int err;
939 
940 		if (record_len == 4)
941 			blocknr = be32_to_cpu(* ((__be32 *) (bh->b_data+offset)));
942 		else
943 			blocknr = be64_to_cpu(* ((__be64 *) (bh->b_data+offset)));
944 		offset += record_len;
945 		err = jbd2_journal_set_revoke(journal, blocknr, sequence);
946 		if (err)
947 			return err;
948 		++info->nr_revokes;
949 	}
950 	return 0;
951 }
952