xref: /linux/fs/fat/fat.h (revision 8bc7c5e525584903ea83332e18a2118ed3b1985e)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _FAT_H
3 #define _FAT_H
4 
5 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
6 #include <linux/nls.h>
7 #include <linux/hash.h>
8 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
9 #include <linux/msdos_fs.h>
10 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
11 #include <linux/fs_parser.h>
12 
13 /*
14  * vfat shortname flags
15  */
16 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER	0x0001 /* convert to lowercase for display */
17 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95	0x0002 /* emulate win95 rule for display */
18 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT	0x0004 /* emulate winnt rule for display */
19 #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95	0x0100 /* emulate win95 rule for create */
20 #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT	0x0200 /* emulate winnt rule for create */
21 
22 #define FAT_ERRORS_CONT		1      /* ignore error and continue */
23 #define FAT_ERRORS_PANIC	2      /* panic on error */
24 #define FAT_ERRORS_RO		3      /* remount r/o on error */
25 
26 #define FAT_NFS_STALE_RW	1      /* NFS RW support, can cause ESTALE */
27 #define FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO	2      /* NFS RO support, no ESTALE issue */
28 
29 struct fat_mount_options {
30 	kuid_t fs_uid;
31 	kgid_t fs_gid;
32 	unsigned short fs_fmask;
33 	unsigned short fs_dmask;
34 	unsigned short codepage;   /* Codepage for shortname conversions */
35 	int time_offset;	   /* Offset of timestamps from UTC (in minutes) */
36 	char *iocharset;           /* Charset used for filename input/display */
37 	unsigned short shortname;  /* flags for shortname display/create rule */
38 	unsigned char name_check;  /* r = relaxed, n = normal, s = strict */
39 	unsigned char errors;	   /* On error: continue, panic, remount-ro */
40 	unsigned char nfs;	  /* NFS support: nostale_ro, stale_rw */
41 	unsigned short allow_utime;/* permission for setting the [am]time */
42 	unsigned quiet:1,          /* set = fake successful chmods and chowns */
43 		 showexec:1,       /* set = only set x bit for com/exe/bat */
44 		 sys_immutable:1,  /* set = system files are immutable */
45 		 dotsOK:1,         /* set = hidden and system files are named '.filename' */
46 		 isvfat:1,         /* 0=no vfat long filename support, 1=vfat support */
47 		 utf8:1,	   /* Use of UTF-8 character set (Default) */
48 		 unicode_xlate:1,  /* create escape sequences for unhandled Unicode */
49 		 numtail:1,        /* Does first alias have a numeric '~1' type tail? */
50 		 flush:1,	   /* write things quickly */
51 		 nocase:1,	   /* Does this need case conversion? 0=need case conversion*/
52 		 usefree:1,	   /* Use free_clusters for FAT32 */
53 		 tz_set:1,	   /* Filesystem timestamps' offset set */
54 		 rodir:1,	   /* allow ATTR_RO for directory */
55 		 discard:1,	   /* Issue discard requests on deletions */
56 		 dos1xfloppy:1,	   /* Assume default BPB for DOS 1.x floppies */
57 		 debug:1;	   /* Not currently used */
58 };
59 
60 #define FAT_HASH_BITS	8
61 #define FAT_HASH_SIZE	(1UL << FAT_HASH_BITS)
62 
63 /*
64  * MS-DOS file system in-core superblock data
65  */
66 struct msdos_sb_info {
67 	unsigned short sec_per_clus;  /* sectors/cluster */
68 	unsigned short cluster_bits;  /* log2(cluster_size) */
69 	unsigned int cluster_size;    /* cluster size */
70 	unsigned char fats, fat_bits; /* number of FATs, FAT bits (12,16 or 32) */
71 	unsigned short fat_start;
72 	unsigned long fat_length;     /* FAT start & length (sec.) */
73 	unsigned long dir_start;
74 	unsigned short dir_entries;   /* root dir start & entries */
75 	unsigned long data_start;     /* first data sector */
76 	unsigned long max_cluster;    /* maximum cluster number */
77 	unsigned long root_cluster;   /* first cluster of the root directory */
78 	unsigned long fsinfo_sector;  /* sector number of FAT32 fsinfo */
79 	struct mutex fat_lock;
80 	struct mutex nfs_build_inode_lock;
81 	struct mutex s_lock;
82 	unsigned int prev_free;      /* previously allocated cluster number */
83 	unsigned int free_clusters;  /* -1 if undefined */
84 	unsigned int free_clus_valid; /* is free_clusters valid? */
85 	struct fat_mount_options options;
86 	struct nls_table *nls_disk;   /* Codepage used on disk */
87 	struct nls_table *nls_io;     /* Charset used for input and display */
88 	const void *dir_ops;	      /* Opaque; default directory operations */
89 	int dir_per_block;	      /* dir entries per block */
90 	int dir_per_block_bits;	      /* log2(dir_per_block) */
91 	unsigned int vol_id;		/*volume ID*/
92 
93 	int fatent_shift;
94 	const struct fatent_operations *fatent_ops;
95 	struct inode *fat_inode;
96 	struct inode *fsinfo_inode;
97 
98 	struct ratelimit_state ratelimit;
99 
100 	spinlock_t inode_hash_lock;
101 	struct hlist_head inode_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
102 
103 	spinlock_t dir_hash_lock;
104 	struct hlist_head dir_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
105 
106 	unsigned int dirty;           /* fs state before mount */
107 	struct rcu_head rcu;
108 };
109 
110 #define FAT_CACHE_VALID	0	/* special case for valid cache */
111 
112 /*
113  * MS-DOS file system inode data in memory
114  */
115 struct msdos_inode_info {
116 	spinlock_t cache_lru_lock;
117 	struct list_head cache_lru;
118 	int nr_caches;
119 	/* for avoiding the race between fat_free() and fat_get_cluster() */
120 	unsigned int cache_valid_id;
121 
122 	/* NOTE: mmu_private is 64bits, so must hold ->i_mutex to access */
123 	loff_t mmu_private;	/* physically allocated size */
124 
125 	int i_start;		/* first cluster or 0 */
126 	int i_logstart;		/* logical first cluster */
127 	int i_attrs;		/* unused attribute bits */
128 	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry or 0 */
129 	struct hlist_node i_fat_hash;	/* hash by i_location */
130 	struct hlist_node i_dir_hash;	/* hash by i_logstart */
131 	struct rw_semaphore truncate_lock; /* protect bmap against truncate */
132 	struct timespec64 i_crtime;	/* File creation (birth) time */
133 	struct inode vfs_inode;
134 };
135 
136 struct fat_slot_info {
137 	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry */
138 	loff_t slot_off;	/* offset for slot or de start */
139 	int nr_slots;		/* number of slots + 1(de) in filename */
140 	struct msdos_dir_entry *de;
141 	struct buffer_head *bh;
142 };
143 
144 static inline struct msdos_sb_info *MSDOS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
145 {
146 	return sb->s_fs_info;
147 }
148 
149 /*
150  * Functions that determine the variant of the FAT file system (i.e.,
151  * whether this is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32.
152  */
153 static inline bool is_fat12(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
154 {
155 	return sbi->fat_bits == 12;
156 }
157 
158 static inline bool is_fat16(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
159 {
160 	return sbi->fat_bits == 16;
161 }
162 
163 static inline bool is_fat32(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
164 {
165 	return sbi->fat_bits == 32;
166 }
167 
168 /* Maximum number of clusters */
169 static inline u32 max_fat(struct super_block *sb)
170 {
171 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
172 
173 	return is_fat32(sbi) ? MAX_FAT32 :
174 		is_fat16(sbi) ? MAX_FAT16 : MAX_FAT12;
175 }
176 
177 static inline struct msdos_inode_info *MSDOS_I(struct inode *inode)
178 {
179 	return container_of(inode, struct msdos_inode_info, vfs_inode);
180 }
181 
182 /*
183  * If ->i_mode can't hold S_IWUGO (i.e. ATTR_RO), we use ->i_attrs to
184  * save ATTR_RO instead of ->i_mode.
185  *
186  * If it's directory and !sbi->options.rodir, ATTR_RO isn't read-only
187  * bit, it's just used as flag for app.
188  */
189 static inline int fat_mode_can_hold_ro(struct inode *inode)
190 {
191 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
192 	umode_t mask;
193 
194 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
195 		if (!sbi->options.rodir)
196 			return 0;
197 		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_dmask;
198 	} else
199 		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_fmask;
200 
201 	if (!(mask & S_IWUGO))
202 		return 0;
203 	return 1;
204 }
205 
206 /* Convert attribute bits and a mask to the UNIX mode. */
207 static inline umode_t fat_make_mode(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
208 				   u8 attrs, umode_t mode)
209 {
210 	if (attrs & ATTR_RO && !((attrs & ATTR_DIR) && !sbi->options.rodir))
211 		mode &= ~S_IWUGO;
212 
213 	if (attrs & ATTR_DIR)
214 		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_dmask) | S_IFDIR;
215 	else
216 		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_fmask) | S_IFREG;
217 }
218 
219 /* Return the FAT attribute byte for this inode */
220 static inline u8 fat_make_attrs(struct inode *inode)
221 {
222 	u8 attrs = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs;
223 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
224 		attrs |= ATTR_DIR;
225 	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode) && !(inode->i_mode & S_IWUGO))
226 		attrs |= ATTR_RO;
227 	return attrs;
228 }
229 
230 static inline void fat_save_attrs(struct inode *inode, u8 attrs)
231 {
232 	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode))
233 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & ATTR_UNUSED;
234 	else
235 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & (ATTR_UNUSED | ATTR_RO);
236 }
237 
238 static inline unsigned char fat_checksum(const __u8 *name)
239 {
240 	unsigned char s = name[0];
241 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[1];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[2];
242 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[3];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[4];
243 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[5];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[6];
244 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[7];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[8];
245 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[9];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[10];
246 	return s;
247 }
248 
249 static inline sector_t fat_clus_to_blknr(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int clus)
250 {
251 	return ((sector_t)clus - FAT_START_ENT) * sbi->sec_per_clus
252 		+ sbi->data_start;
253 }
254 
255 static inline void fat_get_blknr_offset(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
256 				loff_t i_pos, sector_t *blknr, int *offset)
257 {
258 	*blknr = i_pos >> sbi->dir_per_block_bits;
259 	*offset = i_pos & (sbi->dir_per_block - 1);
260 }
261 
262 static inline loff_t fat_i_pos_read(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
263 					struct inode *inode)
264 {
265 	loff_t i_pos;
266 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
267 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
268 #endif
269 	i_pos = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos;
270 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
271 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
272 #endif
273 	return i_pos;
274 }
275 
276 static inline void fat16_towchar(wchar_t *dst, const __u8 *src, size_t len)
277 {
278 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
279 	while (len--) {
280 		*dst++ = src[0] | (src[1] << 8);
281 		src += 2;
282 	}
283 #else
284 	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
285 #endif
286 }
287 
288 static inline int fat_get_start(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
289 				const struct msdos_dir_entry *de)
290 {
291 	int cluster = le16_to_cpu(de->start);
292 	if (is_fat32(sbi))
293 		cluster |= (le16_to_cpu(de->starthi) << 16);
294 	return cluster;
295 }
296 
297 static inline void fat_set_start(struct msdos_dir_entry *de, int cluster)
298 {
299 	de->start   = cpu_to_le16(cluster);
300 	de->starthi = cpu_to_le16(cluster >> 16);
301 }
302 
303 static inline void fatwchar_to16(__u8 *dst, const wchar_t *src, size_t len)
304 {
305 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
306 	while (len--) {
307 		dst[0] = *src & 0x00FF;
308 		dst[1] = (*src & 0xFF00) >> 8;
309 		dst += 2;
310 		src++;
311 	}
312 #else
313 	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
314 #endif
315 }
316 
317 /* fat/cache.c */
318 extern void fat_cache_inval_inode(struct inode *inode);
319 extern int fat_get_cluster(struct inode *inode, int cluster,
320 			   int *fclus, int *dclus);
321 extern int fat_get_mapped_cluster(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector,
322 				  sector_t last_block,
323 				  unsigned long *mapped_blocks, sector_t *bmap);
324 extern int fat_bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector, sector_t *phys,
325 		    unsigned long *mapped_blocks, int create, bool from_bmap);
326 
327 /* fat/dir.c */
328 extern const struct file_operations fat_dir_operations;
329 extern int fat_search_long(struct inode *inode, const unsigned char *name,
330 			   int name_len, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
331 extern int fat_dir_empty(struct inode *dir);
332 extern int fat_subdirs(struct inode *dir);
333 extern int fat_scan(struct inode *dir, const unsigned char *name,
334 		    struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
335 extern int fat_scan_logstart(struct inode *dir, int i_logstart,
336 			     struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
337 extern int fat_get_dotdot_entry(struct inode *dir, struct buffer_head **bh,
338 				struct msdos_dir_entry **de);
339 extern int fat_alloc_new_dir(struct inode *dir, struct timespec64 *ts);
340 extern int fat_add_entries(struct inode *dir, void *slots, int nr_slots,
341 			   struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
342 extern int fat_remove_entries(struct inode *dir, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
343 
344 /* fat/fatent.c */
345 struct fat_entry {
346 	int entry;
347 	union {
348 		u8 *ent12_p[2];
349 		__le16 *ent16_p;
350 		__le32 *ent32_p;
351 	} u;
352 	int nr_bhs;
353 	struct buffer_head *bhs[2];
354 	struct inode *fat_inode;
355 };
356 
357 static inline void fatent_init(struct fat_entry *fatent)
358 {
359 	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
360 	fatent->entry = 0;
361 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
362 	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
363 	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
364 }
365 
366 static inline void fatent_set_entry(struct fat_entry *fatent, int entry)
367 {
368 	fatent->entry = entry;
369 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
370 }
371 
372 static inline void fatent_brelse(struct fat_entry *fatent)
373 {
374 	int i;
375 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
376 	for (i = 0; i < fatent->nr_bhs; i++)
377 		brelse(fatent->bhs[i]);
378 	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
379 	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
380 	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
381 }
382 
383 static inline bool fat_valid_entry(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int entry)
384 {
385 	return FAT_START_ENT <= entry && entry < sbi->max_cluster;
386 }
387 
388 extern void fat_ent_access_init(struct super_block *sb);
389 extern int fat_ent_read(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
390 			int entry);
391 extern int fat_ent_write(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
392 			 int new, int wait);
393 extern int fat_alloc_clusters(struct inode *inode, int *cluster,
394 			      int nr_cluster);
395 extern int fat_free_clusters(struct inode *inode, int cluster);
396 extern int fat_count_free_clusters(struct super_block *sb);
397 extern int fat_trim_fs(struct inode *inode, struct fstrim_range *range);
398 
399 /* fat/file.c */
400 extern long fat_generic_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd,
401 			      unsigned long arg);
402 extern const struct file_operations fat_file_operations;
403 extern const struct inode_operations fat_file_inode_operations;
404 extern int fat_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
405 		       struct iattr *attr);
406 extern void fat_truncate_blocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset);
407 extern int fat_getattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
408 		       const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
409 		       u32 request_mask, unsigned int flags);
410 extern int fat_file_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end,
411 			  int datasync);
412 
413 /* fat/inode.c */
414 extern int fat_block_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t from);
415 extern void fat_attach(struct inode *inode, loff_t i_pos);
416 extern void fat_detach(struct inode *inode);
417 extern struct inode *fat_iget(struct super_block *sb, loff_t i_pos);
418 extern struct inode *fat_build_inode(struct super_block *sb,
419 			struct msdos_dir_entry *de, loff_t i_pos);
420 extern int fat_sync_inode(struct inode *inode);
421 extern int fat_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc,
422 			  void (*setup)(struct super_block *));
423 extern int fat_fill_inode(struct inode *inode, struct msdos_dir_entry *de);
424 
425 extern int fat_flush_inodes(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *i1,
426 			    struct inode *i2);
427 
428 extern const struct fs_parameter_spec fat_param_spec[];
429 int fat_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc, bool is_vfat);
430 void fat_free_fc(struct fs_context *fc);
431 
432 int fat_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param,
433 		    bool is_vfat);
434 int fat_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc);
435 
436 static inline unsigned long fat_dir_hash(int logstart)
437 {
438 	return hash_32(logstart, FAT_HASH_BITS);
439 }
440 extern int fat_add_cluster(struct inode *inode);
441 
442 /* fat/misc.c */
443 extern __printf(3, 4) __cold
444 void __fat_fs_error(struct super_block *sb, int report, const char *fmt, ...);
445 #define fat_fs_error(sb, fmt, args...)		\
446 	__fat_fs_error(sb, 1, fmt , ## args)
447 #define fat_fs_error_ratelimit(sb, fmt, args...) \
448 	__fat_fs_error(sb, __ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit), fmt , ## args)
449 
450 #define FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX "%sFAT-fs (%s): "
451 #define fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, args...)				\
452 do {									\
453 	printk_index_subsys_emit(FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX, level, fmt, ##args);\
454 	_fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ##args);				\
455 } while (0)
456 __printf(3, 4) __cold
457 void _fat_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *level, const char *fmt, ...);
458 #define fat_msg_ratelimit(sb, level, fmt, args...)	\
459 	do {	\
460 			if (__ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit))	\
461 				fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ## args);	\
462 	 } while (0)
463 extern int fat_clusters_flush(struct super_block *sb);
464 extern int fat_chain_add(struct inode *inode, int new_dclus, int nr_cluster);
465 extern void fat_time_fat2unix(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
466 			      __le16 __time, __le16 __date, u8 time_cs);
467 extern void fat_time_unix2fat(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
468 			      __le16 *time, __le16 *date, u8 *time_cs);
469 extern struct timespec64 fat_truncate_atime(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
470 					    const struct timespec64 *ts);
471 extern struct timespec64 fat_truncate_mtime(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
472 					    const struct timespec64 *ts);
473 extern int fat_truncate_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
474 			     int flags);
475 extern int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, int flags);
476 extern int fat_sync_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr_bhs);
477 
478 int fat_cache_init(void);
479 void fat_cache_destroy(void);
480 
481 /* fat/nfs.c */
482 extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops;
483 extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops_nostale;
484 
485 /* helper for printk */
486 typedef unsigned long long	llu;
487 
488 #endif /* !_FAT_H */
489